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3f] / fxL, @& j} zfv . gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ agfO{ cd] l/ sf k7fpg] eGb} ;j{;fwf/ 0fnfO{ 7uL u/ ] sf] cf/ f] kdf k|x/ Ln] xfOk|f] kmfOnx?nfO{ ;d] t kqmfp u/ ] / cg';Gwfg yfn] sf] 5 . e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ agfP/ cd] l/ sf n} hfg] eGb} g] kfnL ;j{;fwf/ 0faf6 k} ;f ;+sng ug{] ;+ul7t lu/ f] xsf] 7uL k|s/ 0fdf d'l5Psf k"j{u[xdGqL Pj+ g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf g] tf afns[i0f vf“0fnfO{ k|x/ Ln] a'waf/ 3/ af6} kqmfp u/ L lx/ f;tdf / fv] sf] 5 . a'waf/ laxfg d} h'jxfnl: yt vf“0fs} lgjf;af6 k|x/ Ln] kqmfp u/ L k|x/ L kl/ ;/ 6] s' nluPsf] lyof]   . cfkm" u[xdGqL x'“bf vf“0fn] / f] h] sf tTsfnLg u[x;lrj 6] sgf/ fo0f kf08] ;lxt !) hgf ;a't;lxt kqmfp kl/ ;s] sf 5g\ . k|x/ L lx/ f;tdf / x] sf g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf ;lrj kf08] n] k"j{u[xdGqL afns[i0f vf“0fsf] ;d] t ;+nUgtf / x] sf] vf] n] kl5 vf“0fnfO{ kqmfp u/ L cg';Gwfg yflnPsf] xf]  . vf“0fnfO{ rf/ lbg lx/ f;tdf / fVg lhNnf cbfnt sf7df8f} +n] cg'dlt lbPsf] 5 . gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ k|s/ 0fdf cg';Gwfgsf nflu lx/ f;tdf / fVg cbfntn] cg'dlt lbPsf] lhNnf ;/ sf/ L jlsnsf] sfof{no sf7df8f} +sf k|d'v ;xGofoflwjQmf cRo'tdl0f Gof} kfg] n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   .

k]:tf]n;lxt l/hfn kqmfp af“s] , @& j} zfv -o';_– af“s] k|x/ Ln] k] : tf] n;lxt PshgfnfO{ kqmfp u/ ] sf] 5 . g] kfnu~h pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !@ df / x] sf] lsª qm; Snjaf6 alb{ofsf ;'dg l/ hfnnfO{ c6f] d] l6s k] : tf] n / To;sf] Ps / fp08 uf] nL;lxt k|x/ Ln] kqmfp u/ ] sf] xf]   . pQm Snjdf d+unaf/ / flt emu8f eO/ x] sf] ;"rgf cfPkl5 k'u] sf] k|x/ Ln] vfgtnf;L ubf{ zf} rfnodf n'sfO/ fv] sf] k] : tf] n / uf] nL a/ fdb u/ ] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . 36gfsf af/ ] df yk cg';Gwfg eO/ x] sf] af“s] k|x/ Ln] atfPsf] 5 .

k|x/ Ln] vf“0fsf : jsLo ;lrj g/ ] Gb| s] ;LnfO{ klg a'waf/ kqmfp u/ ] sf] 5 . vf“0f / s] ;L;lxt g] kfnLnfO{ e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ agfP/ cd] l/ sf k7fpg] gfddf 7uL u/ ] sf] cf/ f] kdf kqmfp kg] {sf] ;+Vof !@ k'u] sf] 5 . o;cl3 k|x/ Ln] k"j{u[xdGqL / fdaxfb'/ yfkfsf ;'/ Iff ;Nnfxsf/ OGb|hLt / fO{, g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf ;lrj 6] sgf/ fo0f kf08] , k"j{dGqL 6f] kaxfb'/ / fodfemLsf 5f] / f ;GbLk / fodfemL tyf ;+ul7t lu/ f] xdf ;+nUgx? s] zj b'nfn, ;fg' e08f/ L, 6+s u'?ª, ;Gb] z zdf{ kf] v|] n / ;fu/ y'n'ªnfO{ kqmfp ul/ ;s] sf] 5 . pQm 36gfsf csf{ cf/ f] lkt xfOk|f] kmfOn g] skf Pdfn] sf ;lrj tyf k"j{pkk|wfgdGqL 6f] kaxfb'/ / fodfemL eg] km/ f/ ePsf 5g\ . 36gfdf ;+nUgtf / x] sf] k|df0f;lxt k|x/ Ln] cbfntaf6 kqmfp k"hL{ hf/ L u/ ] kl5 u[xlhNnf c3fvf“rL k'u] sf / fodfemL ToxL+af6} km/ f/ ePsf x'g\ . / fodfemLnfO{ k|x/ Ln] vf] hL ul/ / x] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . g] kfnLnfO{ e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ agfP/ cd] l/ sf k7fpg] eGb} / sd c;'n] sf] eGb} xfn;Dd Ps ;o 5hgfn] @) j6f ph'/ L k|x/ Ldf lbPsf 5g\ . pQm 36gfsf kLl8tx¿n] @# s/ f] 8 @% nfv 7uL u/ ] sf] ph'/ Ldf pNn] v u/ ] sf 5g\ . / fodfemL lgnDagdf gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ k|s/ 0fdf d'l5Psf g] skf Pdfn] sf ;lrj 6f] kaxfb'/ / fodfemLnfO{ kf6L{n] kbaf6

lgnDag u/ ] sf] 5 . a'waf/ Pdfn] n] lj1lKt hf/ L ub{} ;lrj / fodfemLnfO{ kf6L{af6 lgnDag u/ ] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . d+unaf/ ePsf] ;lrjfno a} 7sn] / fodfemLnfO{ cfTd;dk{0f ug{ lgb{] zg lbPsf] lyof]  . / fHon] ug{] cg';Gwfgdf ;xof] u k'uf] ;\ eg] / Pdfn] n] s] Gb|Lo ;lrj 6f] kaxfb'/ / fodfemLnfO{ o;;DaGwL cg';Gwfg / sfg'gL sf/ jfxLsf] k|lqmofsf] clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu] ;Dd kbaf6 lgnDag ul/ Psf] dxf;lrj z+v/ kf] v|] nåf/ f x: tfIf/ ul/ Psf] k|] ; lj1lKtdfkm{t hgfPsf] 5 . …/ fHosf j} wflgs ;+: yfx¿n] ug{] cg';Gwfgsf sfddf ;a} n] ;xof] u ug{'k5{ / s;} sf af/ ] df s'g} ljjfb p7] df To;af/ ] sfg'gL ;kmfO k|fKt ug{] bfloTj ;DalGwt JolQms} xf] eGg] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] : yflkt dfGotf / x“b} cfPsf] 5 . ;f] xL dfGotfcg'¿k kqmfp k"hL{ hf/ L x'gf;fy pxf“nfO{ / fHosf cg';Gwfg lgsfodf pkl: yt eP/ ljlwjt¿kdf cfkm\gf] oyfy{ : ki6 kfg{ elgPsf] lyof] Ú– lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …pxf“n] g] t[TjnfO{ o; ljifodf ;xdlt klg hgfpg' ePsf] lyof]   . t/ kf6L{ g] t[TjnfO{ lbPsf] ljZjf; ljk/ Lt pxf“ ;DalGwt lgsfodf pkl: yt gePsf] ljifonfO{ lxhf] a;] sf] s] Gb|Lo ;lrjfnosf] a} 7sn] uDeL/ tfk"j{s lnb} pxf“nfO{ cljnDa ;DalGwt lgsfodf pkl: yt eP/ cg';Gwfgdf ;xof] u ug{ lgb{] zg u/ ] sf] lyof]   .Ú bf] ifLnfO{ hxf“ uP klg 5f] 8\b} gf} + M u[xdGqL pkk|wfg Pj+ u[xdGqL gf/ fo0fsfhL >] i7n] e|i6frf/ df ;+nUgx¿nfO{ g5f] 8\g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . a'waf/ sf7df8f} +df cfof] lht sfo{qmddf af] Nb} u[xdGqL >] i7n] b] zdf y'k|} ;d: of / x] sf] / sld;g / e|i6frf/ n] b] z hh{/ agfPsf] pNn] v ub} { sld;gvf] / / e|i6frf/ LnfO{ sf/ jfxL ug{ cfkm" kl5 gx6\g] atfpg'eof]  . vf8Ldf sfd ug{ uPsf #) nfv g] kfnLnfO{ : jb] zd} / f] huf/ L l;h{gf ug{ e|i6frf/ LnfO{ sf/ jfxL ug{'sf] ljsNk g/ x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof]   . …xfd|f] b] zdf c? y'k|} ;d: ofx? 5g\ . sld;g / e|i6frf/ n] b] z hh{/ agfPsf] 5 . sld;gvf] / / e|i6frf/ LnfO{ sf/ jfxL ug{'k5{ . sf] xL lgbf{] if 8/ fpg'kb{} g, sf] xL lgbf] {if tflgg] 5} gg\, sf] xL bf] ifL 5'6\g] klg 5} gg\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …bf] ifLnfO{ hxf“ uP klg 5f] 8\b} gf} +, of] xfd|f] k|lta4tf xf]   .Ú e|i6frf/ 9fs5f] klj?4 gful/ s cfGbf] ng ;/ sf/ / / fhgLlts bnx¿ g} e|i6frf/ sf] 9fs5f] kdf plqPsf] eGb} a[xt gful/ s cfGbf] ngn] lj/ f] w af“sL # k]hdf:

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:yfgLo txsf c:ktfn cem} sdhf]/ q bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, @& j} zfv . n'lDagL k|b] zleq : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] ;~rfng u/ ] sf c: ktfnx?sf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08sf] glthfn] ;] jf k|jfxsf] cj: yf cem} sdhf] / b] lvPsf] 5 . rf/ jif{cl3 / xfnsf] cj: yfnfO{ t'ngf ubf{ s] xL kl/ jt{gsf ;+s] tx? b] lvP klg c: ktfnx?sf] ;] jf k|jfxsf] cj: yfdf cem} ;'wf/ ug{'kg] { b] lvPsf] xf]   . n'lDagL k|b] z : jf: Yo lgb{] zgfnon] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] gf} dlxgfsf] cjlwdf tof/ kf/ ] sf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08sf] k|ltj] bgdf rf/ j6f c: ktfndWo] Pp6f c: ktfnn] dfq} %) k|ltzt c+s k"/ f u/ ] sf] 5 . af“sL c: ktfnx?sf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08sf] glthfsf] %) k|ltzt c+s ;d] t k"/ f ug{ g;s] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . gjnk/ f;L klZrddf jb{3f6 gu/ kflnsfn] ;~rfng u/ ] sf] lr;fkfgL c: ktfnn] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08sf] %* k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf] 5 . o: t} bfªsf] ndxL gu/ kflnsfn] ;~rfng u/ ] sf] ndxL c: ktfnn] $& / slknj: t'df jf0fu+uf gu/ kflnsfn] ;~rfng u/ ] sf] lkk/ f c: ktfnn] ;dfg $& k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf 5g\ . o;} u/ L

slknj: t's} lzj/ fh gu/ kflnsfn] ;~rfng u/ ] sf] lzj/ fh c: ktfnn] $$ k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] ;~rfng u/ ] sf c: ktfnx?n] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 cg';f/ ;] jf k|jfxdf ;'wf/ u/ ] sf] glthfn] b] vfPsf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] ;~rfng u/ ] sf c: ktfndWo] rf/ j6f c: ktfnsf] ;] jfdf pNn] Vo ;'wf/ cfPsf] : jf: Yo lgb{] zgfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] zleq / x] sf !@ j6f ;] s] G8 P n] jnsf c: ktfndWo] rf/ j6f c: ktfn Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 sfof{Gjogdf pTs[i6 ePsf 5g\ . slknj: t' c: ktfn, alb{of c: ktfn, u'NdL c: ktfn / eLd c: ktfnsf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 pTs[i6 / x] sf] 5 . slknj: t' c: ktfnn] (^, alb{of c: ktfnn] (%, u'NdL c: ktfnn] *(, eLd c: ktfnn] ** k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf 5g\ . kfNkf c: ktfn / ?s'dk"j{ c: ktfnsf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 psfnf] nfUg ;s] sf] 5} g . kfNkf %* / ?s'dk"j{ c: ktfnn] $$ k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf 5g\ . t'n;Lk'/ sf] / fKtL k|fb] lzs c: ktfnn] *$, gjnk/ f;Lsf] k[YjLrGb| c: ktfnn] *@, c3f{vf“rL c: ktfnn] *!, Ko'7fg c: ktfn &#, / f] Nkf c: ktfnn] &! k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf 5g\ .

kfNkfsf] / fdk'/ c: ktfnn] ^) k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf] 5 . Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 c: ktfnn] pknAw u/ fpg] ;] jfdf cfwfl/ t eP/ d"Nof+sg ul/ Psf] xf]   . …c: ktfnn] lbg] ;] jf s: tf] 5 < ;Nolqmof z'? ePsf] 5 5} g, c: ktfnsf] k"jf{wf/ s: tf] 5 . oL ;a} s'/ fx?sf] cfwf/ df d"Nof+sg ug{] ul/ Psf] 5Ú– : Jff: Yo lgb{] zgfnosf Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 sfo{qmdsf] kmf] snk;{g sf} zn e08f/ Ln] eGg'eof] – …ljut rf/ jif{b] lv c: ktfn ;'b[l9s/ 0f sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf] 5 . c: ktfnx?sf] ;] jf ;'wf/ sf] nflu Go"gtd dfkb08 nfu' u/ ] sf] xf]   .Ú c: ktfnsf] ;] jf ;'wf/ x'“b} hf“bf ;] jfu|fxLsf] ;+Vof a9\g yfn] sf] , c: ktfn ;] jf k|bfg ug{ tof/ L cj: yfdf / xg] a9] sf] 5 . : jf: Yo lgb{] zgfnon] ;fj{hlgs u/ ] sf] ljj/ 0f cg';f/ b] ze/ sf c: ktfnsf] t'ngfdf n'lDagL k|b] zleq / x] sf] ;] s] G8/ L P n] jnsf] c: ktfndf slknj: t' c: ktfn pTs[i6 ePsf] 5 . h;n] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08df (^ k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf] 5 . ;] s] G8/ L aL n] jndf n'lDagL k|fb] lzs c: ktfn pTs[i6 ePsf] 5 . h;n] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08df *) k|ltzt c+s k|fKt u/ ] sf] 5 . af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

cjlwdf / ] ld6\ofG; z"Go bzdnj b'O{ k|ltztn] 36] sf] lyof]   . ut r} t;Dddf g] kfnn] k|fKt u/ ] sf] ljk|] if0f cd] l/ sL 8n/ ^ ca{ (@ s/ f] 8 a/ fa/ xf]   . cd] l/ sL 8n/ df ljk|] if0f cfk|jfx a[l4b/ !# bzdnj ( k|ltztn] a9] sf] / fi6« a} +sn] hgfPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] r} t d;fGt;Dddf j} b] lzs / f] huf/ Lsf nflu clGtd >d : jLs[lt lng]

g] kfnLsf] ;+Vof %! bzdnj % k|ltztn] a9] / tLg tLg nfv *& xhf/ cf7 ;o #( k'u] sf] 5 . To;} u/ L, j} b] lzs / f] huf/ Lsf nflu k'gM >d : jLs[lt lng] g] kfnLsf] ;+Vof of] cjlwdf kf“r bzdnj kf“r k|ltztn] a9] / b'O{ nfv !& xhf/ gf} ;o %( k'u] sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f] xL cjlwdf o: tf] ;+Vof !(( bzdnj ( k|ltztn] a9] sf] lyof]   .

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clxn] sf] cj: yfdf klg ?k} l8xf rnfodfg x'g] / g] kfnu~h ;'g;fg x'g] cj: yf cfPkl5 oxf“sf Jofkf/ L / Joj;foLx? ca s;/ L hfg] eGg] 5nkmndf h'6] sf 5g\ . Psy/ Ln] g] kfnu~hdf pkef] Qmf ;r] tgf cleofg h?/ L / x] sf] cf+} NofPsf 5g\ . ?k} l8xfdf ;: tf] / / fd|f] x'G5 eGg] u|fxssf] e|d x6fpg ;r] tgf cleofg h?/ L / x] sf] g] kfnu~h v'b|f Joj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf lzj bfxfnn] atfpg'eof]   . …g] kfnL u|fxsnfO{ oxf“ / f] Sg} ;lsPg . xfdL k;n vf] n] / u|fxssf] kvf{Odf al;/ xg] , u|fxshlt ?k} l8xf hfg] eO/ x] sf] 5Ú– bfxfnn] eGg'eof] – …g] kfnL u|fxs lsg ?k} l8xf uO/ x] sf 5g\, sf/ 0f kQf

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tx;Dd clws[t: t/ dfg] sf] 5 . h; cg';f/ 5} 7f} +, ;ftf} +, cf7f} + tx / fhkqflÍt t[[tLo >] 0fL zfvf clws[t : t/   . gjf} + tyf bzf} + tx / fhkqflÍt låtLo >] 0fL pk;lrj : t/   . P3f/ f} + tyf afx|f} + tx / fhkqflÍt k|yd >] 0fL ;x;lrj : t/   . t] x|f} +, rf} wf} + ljlzi6 >] 0fL ;lrj: t/ / kGw|f} + txdf ljlzi6 >] 0fLsf] d'Vo ;lrj x'g] u/ L kbdfg sfod ug] { k|: tfj u/ ] sf] 5 . k|: t't ljw] osn] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jf ;~rfng ug{ ;ftj6f l;4fGt cjnDag u/ ] sf] 5 . tL l;4fGtx¿ o; k|sf/ 5g\– nf] stflGqs u0ftGqfTds zf;g Joj: yf ;~rfng ug] { . sd{rf/ L lgo'lQm ubf{ v'nf / ;dfj] zL k|0ffnL cg'¿k ug] { . sd{rf/ LtGq e|i6frf/ d'Qm, ;Ifd / kl/ 0ffdd'vL sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] x'g'kg{]   . u} / / fhgLlts rl/ qsf] : yfoL ;] jf x'g'kg] { . ljz] if1 ;] jfk|jfx ug{ ;Ifd sd{rf/ L x'g'kg] { . sd{rf/ L lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf, kf/ bzL{ k|lqmofaf6 ug] { . g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf ;/ sf/ L ;] jfx¿ aLr cfk;df ;dGjo sfod ug] { . ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jf cGtu{tsf ;a} ;] jf ;d"xdf l/ Qm kb kbk"lt{ ubf{ %! k|ltzt v'nf k|ltof] lutfaf6 / $( k|ltzt ;dfj] zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/ df : yfoL lgo'lQm ul/ g] 5 . o;/ L ;dfj] zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/ df ul/ g] kbk"lt{;DaGwL Joj: yf k|To] s bz jif{df k'g/ fjnf] sg ug] { sNkgf of] ljw] osn] u/ ] sf] 5 . / fhkqflÍt låtLo / k|yd >] 0fL jf gjf} + / P3f/ f} + txdf v'nf k|ltof] lutfaf6 kbk"lt{ ubf{ pd] / xb k|fljlws kbdf $% jif{ / cGo kbdf $) jif{;Dd pDd] bjf/ x'g kfpg] / af“sL kbsf] xsdf ;fljss} Joj: yf sfod ug] { k|: tfj u/ ] sf] b] lvG5 . g] kfnL gful/ sn] l8=le=/ lk=cf/ = k|fKt u/ ] sf] cj: yfdf nf] s ;] jf cfof] uaf6 lnOg] s'g} klg kbsf] k/ LIffdf pDd] bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5} g . ;+3Lo lghfdtL sd{rf/ Ln] hUuf vl/ b tyf ejg lgdf{0f ug{sf] nflu ;: tf] Jofh b/ df C0f kfpg] Joj: yf ljw] osn] u/ ] sf] 5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/ Ln] clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg] pd] / xb %* jif{nfO{ ^) jif{ ub} { !% jif{;Dd Pp6}

kbdf sfo{/ t sd{rf/ L cjsfz x'g' eGbf Ps dlxgf klxn] dflyNnf] kbdf a9'jf ug] { Joj: yf ljw] osdf / flvPsf] b] lvG5 . g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] ;] jfdf sfo{/ t sd{rf/ Lsf] d[To' ePdf kf“r nfv ?k} of“ / ;/ sf/ L sfdsfhsf] l;nl;nfdf sfhdf vl6Psf] a] nfdf d[To' ePdf bznfv ?k} of“ lghsf] kl/ jf/ nfO{ / fxt : j¿k Psd'i6 lbg] Joj: yf sd{rf/ Lk|ltsf] ;sf/ fTds b[li6sf] 0f xf]   . : jf: Yosf] sf/ 0fn] ;] jf ug{ c;dy{ sd{rf/ LnfO{ a9Ldf ;ft jif{;Dd ;] jf cjlw yk u/ L lga[lQe/ 0f lbg] Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 . sd{rf/ L ;fj{ef} d;Qf;DkGg hgtfsf] ;] js x'“ eGg] efjgfaf6 k|] l/ t x'b} : jR5 cfr/ 0f, lgisnÍ, g} ltsjfg aGg'kb{5 . ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jf ljw] osn] sd{rf/ L ;b;j{bf cfkm\gf] cfr/ 0fdf / xf] ;\ eGg] x] t'n] lst] {, / fi6«lxt lj?4sf] ck/ fw, nfu"cf} ifw, e|i6frf/ , ;DklQ z'l4s/ 0f, k'/ ftflTjs j: t' a] rlavg, ha/ h: tL s/ 0fL, dfgj ckx/ 0f tyf a] rlavg, ax'ljjfx h: tf kmf} hbf/ L cleof] u cbfntaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] cj: yfdf lga[lQe/ 0f gkfpg] Joj: yf u/ ] sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] phf{zLn ;do g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] ;] jfdf nufO{ ;] jflga[Q ePsf / fi6«;] jsx¿sf] cg'ea, 1fg, Ifdtf, ;Lksf] d"Nofs+g ub} { g] kfn ;/ sf/ n] cfjZos k/ ] df ;] jf lng ;Sg] Joj: yf ljw] osdf ul/ Psf] 5 . k] zfut xsflwsf/ sf] nflu sd{rf/ L 6«] 8 o'lgog ;+3 / k|b] zdf u7g ug] {, axfnjfnf tyf ;] jf lga[Q sd{rf/ Lsf] ;xeflutfdf sd{rf/ L sNof0f sf] if : yfkgf ug] { sNkgf ljw] osn] u/ ] sf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] k|d'v ;lrj ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jfsf] x'g] / k|b] z dGqfnosf] ;lrj tyf gu/ kflnsf / ufp“kflnsfsf] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t k|b] z ;] jfsf] sd{rf/ L x'g] Joj: yf k|: t't ljw] osn] u/ ] sf] 5 . o;af6 ;+3Lo ;/ sf/ , k|b] z ;/ sf/ / : yfgLo ;/ sf/ aLr k'nsf] sfd ug] { kb x'“b} g . t;y{ k|b] z ;lrj / k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t kb ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jfsf] kb / fVg' o'lQm;+ut b] lvG5 . ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;] jf ljw] os, @)*) df ;dfj] z ePsf ljifj: t'x¿ vf;} gof“ 5} gg\ . lghfdtL ;] jf P] g, @)$( df ePsf] Joj: yfnfO{ lg/ Gt/ tf lbb} s] xL ;fdfGo ;+zf] wg dfq k|: tfj u/ ] sf] kfOof]   . k|: t't ljw] osdf ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqLsf] cWoIftfdf : yfoL¿kdf k|zf;g ;'wf/ ;ldlt u7g ug] { Joj: yf ul/ Psf] / x] 5 . oxL k|fawfgn] kSs} klg g] kfnsf] k|zf;g Joj: yfdf qmlds ¿kdf ;'wf/ x'“b} hfG5 ls eGg] ck] Iff ubf{ cTo'lQm gxf] nf . -n] vs g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf ;] jf lga[Q pk;lrj x'g'x'G5 ._

lzIfs dxf;+3nfO{ v'nfkq g]kfn zflGtIf]q 3f]lift ul/of];\

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lzIff P] g, @)@* sf] cf7f} + ;+zf] wgsf] wf/ f !^ -ª_ df g] kfn lzIfs dxf;+3sf] Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf lzIfsx?sf] k] zfut xslxtsf] ;DaGwdf sfo{ ug{ Ps g] kfn lzIfs dxf;+3 / xg] 5 eGg] 5 . of] ;a} lzIfssf] ;femf ;+: yf xf]   . xslxt eGg] s'/ f s] xf] < o;sf] s'g} Pp6f lglZrt kl/ efiff, dfkb08 / cfwf/ x'“b} g . of] ;fk] lIfs s'/ f xf]   . cem xfd|f] ;Gbe{df t of] k] zfut xslxt;“u hf] l8Psf] dfdnfeGbf klg JolQmsf] xslxtsf] dfdnf x'ghfG5 . JolQmsf] xslxt klg cd"s kf6L{, ;+u7g, ;d"x, u'6, pku'6sf] dfdnf aGg hfG5 . of] cfhsf] ljifoj: t' xf] Og of] xfd|f] g] kfnsf] cflbsfnb] lvsf] ljifo xf]   . o;/ L k] zfut xslxtsf] Ph] 08fdf ha @)$^ ;fndf / fhgLlts kl/ jt{g eof] To;kl5 lvof nfUg yfNof]  . g] kfn / fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g hf] k~rfotsfndf lzIfsx?sf] ;j{Jofks / ;femf ;+u7g lyof], To;sf] ;fd"lxs rl/ q gi6 eof]  . To;kl5 kf6L{n] lzIfsnfO{ ljefhg u/ ] / xfdL kf6L{–kf6L{sf k] zfut ;+u7g agfpg yfNof} + . To;kl5 lzIfs– lzIfsaLrsf] ;f} xfb{tf, efOrf/ f, P] Soj4tf dfl;b} uof]   . ;+u7gx? l;+xb/ af/ ;fk] If aGb} uP . lzIfsdf k] zfut ;+u7gx? kf6L{ ;fk] If aGb} uP . kf6L{ u'6 ;fk] If aGb} uP . u'6n] klg k'u] g . cd"s g] tf ;fk] If aGb} uP . t\t–tt\ ;+u7gx? o;/ L lj: tf/ } JolQm s] lGb|t, : jfy{ s] lGb|t, kx'“r / sfg] v'zLdf kl/ 0ft x'“b} uP . k] zfut ;+u7gx?sf] cf] h, t] h / : jTj lj: tf/ } : vlnt x'“b} uof]   . h'g cfd k] zfut ;+u7gdf x'g'kg] { xf] Tof] cfef / sflGt g} ar] g . h;/ L ;Qfn] / fhgLlts ljrf/ / bz{gnfO{ ylst / ulnt kf/ ] sf] 5 . To;} u/ L xfd|f k] zfut ;+u7g ylst / ulnt ePsf 5g\ . uf] q ldNg] ;Qf eP s] xL sflGt knfP h: tf] geP ;a} sf] gf} gf8L uln;s] sf] 5 . @)$* ;fnb] lv clxn] ;Dd xfdLn] lzIffdf ;j{: jLsfo{ Pp6f k|0ffnL / k4ltsf] : yfkgf / ljsf;df x: tIf] ksf/ L lrGtg ljsf; u/ fpg ;s] gf} + . ;w} + uf] l6rfnd} / dfof} + .

of] / f] u klNsPsf] xf] o;n] ;a} nfO{ vfg] xf]   . h;/ L sf] le8n] s;} nfO{ 5f8] g . lsg ;w} + lzIfs ;?jfdf / f] Onf] dlRrG5 < a;] / …/ fp08 6] an a} 7sÚ u/ f} + g . of] k] zfut xslxtsf] s'/ f xf] ls < JolQmut s'/ f xf] < l5gf] kmfgf] u/ f} + . k] zfut ;+u7gx? a;L 5nkmn u/ ] / Pp6f k|0ffnL / k4ltsf] ljsf; u/ ] / gof“ k|of] u u/ f} + g t . Pp6f lzIfs Pp6f ljBfnodf kf“r jif{eGbf a9L a: g gkfpg] u/ L P] g ;+zf] wgdf kxn u/ f} +g t, of] / f] Onf] g} x/ fp“5 . a? b"/ Lsf] cfwf/ df sf] ; u0fgf u/ L yf] / } eP klg ;'ljwfsf] Joj: yf ug] { ls < ;do kl/ jt{gzLn 5 . ;Qfsf] rdTsf/ slxNo} klg : yfoL / x“b} g, ljZjljh] tf l;sGb/ n] t ;Qf 5f] 8\g'k5{, …;Qfsf] klxnf] st{Jo x'G5 k|hfsf] enfOÚ rf0fSo eG5g\ . jNnf] kfvfsf] hg eP klg kNnf] kfvfsf] hg eP klg xfdL ;a} of] d'n'ssf] k|hf xf]  . ;dfhdf ;w} + Pp6f o: tf] tKsf / ju{ x'G5 h;n] hlxn] klg Tolt kfgL wldNofP/ df5f dfg{ rfxG5 . clxn] sf] xfd|f] lzIff If] qdf b] lvPsf] of] vnanL kfgL wldNofP/ df5f dfg] { oL s] xL cf} +nfdf uGg] rt'/ v] nf8Lx? b'Zrqmdf t k/ ] g < jftf{ / ;+jfb g} ;dfwfgsf] pQd ljsNk xf]  . ;+jfbxLgtfn] åGå a9\5 / åGån] tgfj . o;n] cgfjZos Ps csf{k|lt cljZjf; a9\5 . cflv/ of] / f] Onf] n] ;fj{hlgs lzIffsf] ljZj;gLotfdf k|Zg p7] sf] 5 . h;n] tkfO“ xfdL ;a} hf] of] z} lIfs kfl/ l: ylts k4lt -Ph's] zgn Osf] l;: 6d_ sf ;b: ox? 5f} + . h;nfO{ uNnL / rf] ssf ;fdfGo gful/ sx?n] ;f] Wg] k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lbg'kg] { ePsf] 5 . clxn] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] u/ ] sf] lzIfs ;?jfdf k/ ] sf d] / f Pshgf ldq hf] ljrf/ n] k|hftGqjfbL x'g\ . pgsL >LdtLsf] ;'b"/ ufp“af6 ahf/ sf] s] Gb|df / x] sf] ljBfnodf ;?jf ePsf] / x] 5 . pgsL >LdtLn] gu/ kflnsfsf] ;?jfkq a'em] sf 5g\ . ;?jf eO{ cfpg] ljBfnon] / dfgf lbPsf] 5 . t/ ;?jf eO{ hfg] ljBfnon] dfg] g . ha ls pgs} ljrf/ ;d"xn] / f] s] sf] 5 .

u ljKnj clwsf/ L pgn] d;“u lbSssf s'/ f ub} { lyP . k~rfotsfndf sf+u|] ; eP/ b'Mv kfPsf, s'g} cj;/ gkfPsf ljBfyL{sf lhNnf: t/ Lo g] tf hf] v'daxfb'/ v8\sf / anb] j dhu} of“sf] ;Nnfxdf / f] Nkf / Ko'7fgdf g] =lj=;+3sf] ;+u7g lj: tf/ df lx+8] sf ljr/ f b'MvL 5g\ . To;} n] cGTodf k] zfut ;+u7gsf ;a} g] t[Tjstf{ ;fyLx?nfO{ cg'/ f] w 5, 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] xfn} u/ ] sf] lzIfs ;?jfdf dsf{ k/ ] sf ;fyLx?sf] ;Daf] wgsf nflu jftf{ / ;+jfbsf] dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg ug] { u/ L ljsNk;lxt k|of;df nfUg'k5{ ls < oxL g} pQd ;dfwfg xf] nf . geP of] jgdf nfUg] 89] nf] n] xfdL ;a} nfO{ hnfpg] 5 . Tof] eg] sf] Ouf] ;fWg] , abnf lng] , v'lRrª ug] { / dfgdb{g ug] { s'/ f dfq aGg hfG5 . of] ;f“9] sf] h'wfOdf afR5fsf] ldrfO gxf] ;\ . of] / f] Onf] n] ;fdfGo lzIfs ju{ Tolt v'zL 5} gg\ h: tf] nfU5 . To;} n] s'g} cfu|x, k"jf{u|xlagf lzIfssf k] zfut ;+u7gsf lhNnf tyf : yfgLo txsf g] tfu0f hf] cg'ejL / lhDd] jf/ klg x'g'x'G5 . tkfO“x? bfdf] b/ a: g] t, o'j/ fh a: g] t, lgzfGt cfrfo{, cDd/ v8\sf, lji0f' e08f/ L, ?dfnk|;fb a;] n, k|sfz 8f“uL / 1fg] Gb| uf} td cflbn] cfh} af6 ;+jfbsf] yfngL ug'{k5{ . tkfO“x?sf] xftdf d6\6Lt] nsf] hls{g xf] Og, kfgLsf] afN6L x'g'k¥of]  . ;fy} tkfO“x?sf] efion] s'g} pkfo gnfuL ;fj{hlgs ljBfnodf k9\g cfPsf tL ul/ a b'MvLsf 5f] / f5f] / Lsf] jf0fL af] Ng'k5{ / z} lIfs ;qsf] z'?jftdf k7gkf7g ;'rf? kfg{ k|of; x'g'k5{ . pgLx?sf ;kgfsf] ;+af] wg emlNsg'k5{ . geP oL ;a} kl/ jt{g ldTYof x'g hfg] 5 .

;+;f/ el/ lx+;f, åGå, czflGtsf 36gf a9\b} uPsf] clxn] sf] cj: yfdf clx+;fTds zflGt : yfkgfsf] cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . ljZjsf zlQm/ fi6«x?aLrsf] k|lt: kwf{ / ;+3if{df g] kfn tflgg yfn] sf] 5 . xfd|f] d'n'sk|lt e"/ fhgLlts ?kdf w] / } sf] rf;f] 5 . g] kfndf nf] stflGqs l: y/ tf;lxtsf] ljsf;sf nflu ca xfdLn] zflGt If] qsf] k|: tfj ug'{k5{ . s'g} klg b] zsf] ljsf;sf] d"n cfwf/ zflGt xf]  . ljsf;sf] d"n cfwf/ dfq geP/ zflGt dfgj hfltsf] g} ;lu{s clwsf/ klg xf]  . zflGtsf] clwsf/ eg] sf] o'4lj?4sf] clwsf/ xf]   . o'4, lx+;f, x'nb+uf / ;a} k|sf/ sf czflGtaf6 : jtGq / d'Qm / xg kfpg' g} zflGtsf] clwsf/ xf]   . bf] ;|f] ljZjo'4kZrft !($% df hf/ L ;+o'Qm / fi6«;+3sf] a8fkqsf] k|d'v p2] Zo g} o'4 / f] sL zflGt : yfkgf ug'{ eGg] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ sf] ljZjJofkL 3f] if0ffkq !($* sf] k|: tfjgfdf clwsf/ x?sf] dfGotf g} Gofo / zflGtsf] : yfkgf ug'{ / x] sf] egL zflGtnfO{ hf] 8 lbOPsf] 5 . zflGt x/ ] s k|f0fLsf] cfjZostf xf]   . zflGtsf] cfjZostf cGo s'g} s'/ fn] k"lt{ ug{ g;lsg] ePsfn] zflGtsf] s'g} csf] { ljsNk x'“b} g . k"jL{o tyf kfZrfTo bz{gx?sf] d"n dd{ klg zflGt g} xf]  . zflGts} cfjZostfsf] nflu ljleGg o'u tyf ;dodf ePsf vf] hx?n] ljleGg wd{ tyf bz{gx?sf] : yfkgf klg x'g k'Uof]  . ToxL cfjZostfsf] kl/ k"lt{sf qmddf l;4fy{ uf} td a'4 zflGtsf] vf] hLdf lgl: sP . nfdf] ;dosf] PsfGttf, df} gtf / Wofg ;dflwaf6 cfkm\ gf] dgdf zflGtsf] ;~rf/ ePsf] dx;'; u/ ] / ToxL sfNklgs cfgGbnfO{ jf: tljs hLjgdf klg ;~rf/ ug{ ;lsg] dfu{lrq lnP/ sNkgfaf6 jf: tljstfdf kms] { . a'4n] nf] s sNof0fsf lgldQ vf] h u/ ] sf] zflGtsf] dfu{nfO{ clxn] ;Dd klg vf; cy{df cfTd;ft ug{ ;ls/ x] sf 5} gf} + . uf} td a'4sf] cjt/ 0f ePsf] e"ld g] kfn clxn] ;Dd klg

zflGtsf] vf] hLdf nflu/ x] sf] 5 . a'4n] tTsfnLg ;dodf czflGt b] v] / zflGtsf] dfu{ vf] h]   . a'4 hGd] sf] b] zdf pgn] b] vfPsf dfu{x?df xfdL lx8\g rfxG5f} + . xfdL a'4 g] kfndf hGd] sf eg] / uf} / j ug{ rfxG5f} + eg] a'4n] zflGtsf] nflu b] vfPsf dfu{x?df rNg' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf]  . ljZjsf clwsf+z d'n's pklgj] zjfbsf] k~hfdf kbf{ g] kfn ;w} : jflwg / fi6«sf] ?kdf / x“b} cfPsf] uf} / jdo Oltxf; 5 . clxn] ljZj kl/ j] z ablnPsf] 5 . tyflk zflGtk|lt g] kfnL hgtfsf] c6'6 lgi7f clxn] klg plQs} sfod 5 . Psflt/ ljzfn pQ/ L l5d] sL hgjfbL u0ftGq rLg csf] {tkm{ l5d] sL ef/ tsf] aLr / x] sf] xfd|f] d'n'sdf cfkm\g} e"/ fhgLlts ;+j] bgzLntf 5 . tyflk ;a} ;“u, cfk;L ;Ddfg, ;xcl: tTj, c;+nUgtf Pj+ k~rzLnsf l;4fGt xfd|f k/ / fi6«gLltsf d"n cfwf/ / x“b} cfPsf 5g\ . oL cfwf/ x?nfO{ yf] / } klg vnaNofpg' d'n'ssf] nflu cfTd3ftL sfo{ x'g] 5 . g] kfnL hgtfsf] zflGtk|ltsf] c6'6 lgi7f, d'n'ssf] e"/ fhgLlts cj: yf, xfd|f k/ / fi6« gLltsf d"n cfwf/ nfO{ b[li6ut ub} { ljZj zflGtsf cu'jf uf} td a'4sf] hGd ynf] sf] ?kdf / x] sf] g] kfnnfO{ zflGt If] q 3f] if0ff ul/ Psf] / ljZjsf clwsf+z d'n'sn] ;dy{g u/ ] sf] df ljljw sf/ 0fn] pQm k|lqmof / f] lsPsf] x'“bf zflGt If] qsf] / f] lsPsf] k|lqmofnfO{ ljZj zflGtsf cu|b"t uf} td a'4sf] @% ;o ^& cf} + hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/ df gful/ s ;dfh bfªsf] cu'jfOdf ljkZogf ;fwgf s] Gb| bfª, a|x\'dfs'df/ L OZj/ Lo ljZjljBfno bfª, kt~hln of] u ;ldlt bfª / u'?s'n Ps] 8] dL bfªn] g] kfn ;/ sf/ nfO{ zflGt If] qsf] k|: tfj k'gM ;'rf? ub} { g] kfnnfO{ zflGt If] q 3f] lift ul/ of] ;\ eGg] dfu / fVb5 . k|: t'lt s] jL d;fn gful/ s ;dfh bfª ldlt M @@ j} zfv @)*)

@)*) ;fn j}zfv @* ut] laxLjf/ (May 11, 2023)

www.nayayougbodh.com

ld6/Jofh kLl8tåf/f k|bz{g q uf] ljGb v8\sf 3f] / fxL, @& j} zfv . …ld6/ JofhL ;fx'nfO{ sf/ jfxL u/ , b[li6 l5g'jf dfGb} gf} +, kmhL{ r] s afpG; vf/ ] h u/ , kmhL{ lnvt ab/ u/ , ld6/ JofhL ;fx'sf] ;DklQ 5fglag u/ Ú eGb} a'waf/ 3f] / fxLdf k|bz{g ul/ Psf] 5 . ld6/ Jofh tyf 7uLlj?4 ls;fg dhb'/ df] rf{ n] lvPsf] Jofg/ / xftxft} / ftf em08f lyP . ;fx'sf 8/ n] ld6/ JofhL af] Ng g;s] sf] ld6/ JofhL tyf 7uLlj?4 ls;fg dhb'/ ;+3if{ ;ldltsf kfj{tf g] kfnLn] atfpg'eof]   . lhNnf k|zf;gsf] u] 6glhs ePsf] sf] 0f;efdf af] Nb} ;fx'n] yk d'2f nufp“5g\ ls eGg] qf;sf sf/ 0f cfGbf] lnt x'g g;s] sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof]  . pxf“n] vfnL r] s n} hfg] cfkm} n] dgk/ L / sd e/ L afpG;df kf/ ] sf] atfpg'eof]   . To: tf unt sfd ug] {nfO{ 7uL d'2f nufP/ sf/ jfxL ug{ cfu|x ug'{eof]  . …;/ sf/ n] kLl8t slt 5g\ eg] / kQf nufpg kmf/ fd eg{ nufPsf] xf] Ú– ;+3if{ ;ldltsf ;+of] hs ;Ldf 3dfnn]

eGg'eof] – …j} zfv !& b] lv #! ;Ddsf] Dofbdf kmf/ fd e/ ] eOxfN5 eGg] g;f] Rg' xf] nf . Dofb ylkg ;S5 . xfdLn] bafa lbPgf} + eg] s] xL x'g] jfnf 5} g .Ú pxf“n] Ps dlxgf sf7df8f} + a;] kl5 3/ kmsf{pg cfof] u agfPsf] cf/ f] k nufpg'eof]   . d'2f nfU5, ;fx'n] df5{, h] n a: g'k5{ eGg] 8/ n] cfGbf] ngaf6 gefUg ;'emfj lbg'eof]   . sf7df8f} +df cfGbf] ng : ylut ug{ nufpg cfof] u ag] sf] / sfof{Gjog u/ fpg

yk cfGbf] ng ug'{kg] { pxf“n] atfpg'eof]   . jQmfx?n] bfªdf k|x/ L k|zf;gn] ;xof] u u/ ] sf] eGb} v'zL JoQm ub} { ld6/ JofhLla?4sf] cfGbf] ngdf ;fy lbg cfx\jfg ug'{eof]  . klxnf] lbgsf] cfGbf] ng lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no b] lv h'n'; z'? eP/ t'n;Lk'/ rf] s, zlxb u] 6, lh;; / f] 8 x'“b} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no;Dd k'u] sf] lyof]   . cfGbf] ng a9fp“b} n} hfg] cfof] hs ld6/ Jofh tyf 7uLlj?4sf] ls;fg dhb'/ df] rf{n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 .

;fj{hlgs hUufsf ;+/rgf eTsfOFb} q gf/ fo0f ljjz 3f] / fxL, @& j} zfv . 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !# n] ;fj{hlgs hUufdf lgdf{0f ePsf ;+/ rgf x6fpg] sfdsf] yfngL u/ ] sf] 5 . j8fn] k|ultgu/ l: yt x] nf] 6fj/ b] lv k"j{ em/ g s'nf] rf] saf6 of] cleofg z'? u/ ] sf] 5 . j8fsf v] tLof] Uo hldg 38] / Ldf kl/ 0ft eO{ s'nfx? k'l/ b} uO{ s'nf] df ;+/ rgf lgdf{0f x'g yfn] kl5 lgdf{0f eO;s] sf ;+/ rgf x6fpg] cleofg NofPsf] xf]  . clxn] s'nf] ldr] / agfOPsf zf} rfno, : gfgu[x / ;] K6L 6\ of+sL, s'v'/ fsf vf] / , kvf{n nufOPsf ;+/ rgf eTsfpg yfn] sf] xf]   . j8f sfof{non] cldgdfkm{t ;DalGwt hUufwgLsf] hUuf / s'nf]

sf] l;dfgf 5'6\ofO{ s'nf] df lgdf{0f ePsf ;+/ rgf eTsfpg yfn] sf] j8fWoIf 8'Nn'/ fd kf] v|] nn] atfpg'eof]   . j: tL aflSnb} uPkl5 7fp“–7fp‘“sf gfnLaf6 lg: s] sf] kfgLsf] lgsf;sf nflu s'nf] cfjZos ePsf] / To: tf s'nfx? cltqmd0f eO/ x] sfn] s'nf] ;+/ If0fsf nflu of] sfdsf] yfngL u/ ] sf] atfOPsf] 5 . k|ultgu/ sf] klZrdL s'nf] cltqmd0f u/ L rf] sb] lv

pQ/ tkm{ cfjf;Lo ejg, zf} rfno, kz' k+IfL kfngsf vf] / h: tf ;+/ rgf lgdf{0f ePsfn] ;DalGwtnfO{ cfkm\ gf ;+/ rgf t'?Gt x6fpg cfu|x ul/ ;s] sf] klg j8fWoIf kf] v|] nn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . 9nsf] nflu k|of] u x'g] s'nfx? aGb gxf] pg\ eGg] p2] Zon] klxnf] r/ 0fdf s'nf] sf ;+/ rgf x6fpg] of] hgf agfPsf] kf\v] |n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   .

s/ , cGtz'Ns / ljB't dx;'n, v'nf l;dfgf, k|zf;lgs cj/ f] w, ko{6ssf] pkl: ylt Go"g, / fhwfgL kfos gx'g', ;Demf} tfljxLg Joj;fo ;~rfngn] xf] 6n Joj;foL df/ df k/ ] sf 5g\ . ;+3sf k"j{cWoIf eLd s“8] nn] Jofkf/ L;“u} xf] 6n Joj;foL klg knfog al9/ x] sf] atfpg'eof]   . pxf“n] ko{6g leœofpg / g] kfnu~hsf] a|flG8ª ug{lt/ nfluPg eg] Joj;fo aGb g} ug'{kg] { cj: yfdf k'Ug] atfpg'eof]   . ;/ sf/ n] ljB't dx;'ndf pBf] u ;/ x ul/ lbP clnslt / fxt x'g] Joj;foLsf] egfO 5 . o; ljifodf sf7df8f} + 8] lnu] zg uP/ ;DalGwt

dGqLnfO{ e] l6Psf] 5. Joj;foLn] ;x'lnotsf] cfZjf;g kfPsf 5g\ . Jofkf/ L g] tf s[i0fk|;fb >] i7, efis/ sfkm\n] n] g] kfnu~h 3'Dg hfcf} + eGg] dfxf] n agfpg ;s] df dfq} ko{6s lelqg] / oxf“sf] xf] 6n, Jofkf/ , ahf/ u'Nhf/ x'g] atfpg'eof]   . a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+: yfsf] Hofblt clt g} ePsf] Joj;foLsf] u'gf;f] 5 . ;ft÷cf7 k|ltztdf ;Demf} tf u/ ] sf a} +sn] !^÷!& k|ltzt Aofh c;'ln/ x] sf / s] xL l9nf x'g] ljlQs} lnnfdL k|lqmof cl3 a9fO/ x] sf] pgLx?sf] cfqmf] z 5 . Joj;foLx?n] 3'Dg hfcf} + g] kfnu~h cleofg yfNg'kg] {, / flt !@ ah] ;Dd xf] 6n ;~rfng ug{ kfpg'kg] {, ef/ taf6 cfpg]

;'ljwfsf uf8LnfO{ b'O{ lbg;Dd g] kfnu~hdf a: g lb+bf s] xL / fxt x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . l/ lQPsf] g] kfnu~hnfO{ eg{sf nflu g] kfnu~hjf;L Psh'6 x'g'kg] { / gof“–gof“ cleofg / ;r] tgfd"ns ultljlw ug'{kg] { Joj;foLx?sf] egfO 5 . Joj;foLn] sf] / f] gfsfndf h;/ L ef8f 5'6sf] klg cleofg yfNg'kg] { atfPsf 5g\ . lglZrt k|ltzt ef8f 5'6sf nflu g] kfnu~h pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3n] cu'jfO{ ul/ lbg'kg] { Joj;foLsf] dfu 5 . g] kfnu~h pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf cAb'n jflxb dG;'/ Ln] Joj;foLsf] lxtsf nflu cfkm"x? h: tf] ;'s} sfd

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wf}n' kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb|

3f]/fxL, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*@(!^^, (*)!(&(@@*

;dfltb}=== k|bz{g u/ ] sf] 5 . e|i6frf/ LnfO{ ;+/ If0f / b08xLgtfnfO{ k|f] T;fxg ldNg] u/ L e|i6frf/ LnfO{ / fhgLlts ;+/ If0f lbOPsf] eGb} gful/ s cu'jfx¿n] lj/ f] w hgfPsf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] nf] stGq k|flKtkl5sf 8] 9 bzs laTbf;Dd g] tfx¿n] nf] stGqnfO{ ;+: yfut ug{ grfx] sf] , g] tfx¿ ljnfzL aGb} uPsf] t/ hgtfnfO{ eg] ;w} + ;f: tL dfq} ePsf] cf/ f] k nufPsf 5g\ . a'waf/ lbp“;f] # ah] eb|sfnLdf hDdf ePsf gful/ s cu'jfx¿n] e|i6frf/ / e|i6frf/ Lsf] ;+/ If0flj?å ljleGg gf/ fx¿ n] v] / Kn] –sf8{;lxt gf/ fafhL, sljtf jfrg / sf] 0f;ef u/ ] / lj/ f] w hgfPsf lyP . ;of} +sf] ;+Vofdf pkl: yt ePsf gful/ s cu'jfx¿n] ;8sdf pleP/ …e|i6frf/ Lsf b; xft, ltgLx¿nfO{ g} g] tfsf] ;fy, e|i6frf/ L wkfcf} +, nf] stGq arfcf+} , gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ sf08nfO{ ;SsnL tl/ sfn] 5fglag u/ f} +Ú– nufot gf/ fx¿ nufPsf lyP . pgLx?n] / fhgLlts cf8 tyf ;+/ If0fs} sf/ 0f sf] xL klg bf] ifL plDsg gx'g] atfPsf lyP . o;} u/ L b] ze/ ;fdflhs ;~hfndfkm{t klg gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ k|s/ 0fsf bf] ifLdfly sf/ jfxLsf] dfu ul/ Psf] 5 . km] ;a's, l6s6s, 6\jL6/ nufotsf ;fdflhs ;~hfndf / fhgLlts g] t[Tjk|lt va/ bf/ L ul/ Psf] 5 . ug{ tof/ / x] sf] atfpg'eof]   . g] kfnu~hsf Jofkf/ L;“u nfvf} +sf ;fdfg ylGsPsf 5g\ . ;fdfg ylGsbf pgLx?n] a} +ssf] Aofh ltg{ ;s] sf 5} gg\ . v'b|f Joj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf bfxfnn] cfkm\gf] %) nfv a9Lsf] ;fdfg ylGsPsf] atfpg'eof]  . ylGsPsf ;fdfg

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf sfof{no bfªsf] gS;f kf;;DjGwL ;"rgf † bfª 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !% a:g] ;ljtf k'/Ln] d]/f] gfddf btf{ >]:tf ePsf] ;fljs bfª 3f]/fxL * u -xfn 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !%_ ls=g+= @(#@, @(#$ / @(#^ h=lj= *$=$* a=dL= hUufdf lgdf{0f ePsf] 3/sf] 3/gS;f clen]v ug{sf] nflu ldlt @)&(.!@.@^ df gS;f;lxt lgj]bg k]z ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/ 3/ gS;f clen]v pknAw u/fpg cfjZos k|lqmof k"/f u/L ldlt @)*).)!.@& ut]sf lbg :ynut ;/hldg ubf{ k"j{tkm{sf ;lwof/ lai0f's'df/L rGb, klZrdtkm{sf ;lwof/ lalgtf e08f/L / pQ/tkm{sf ;lwof/ 6f]kaxfb'/ sfdL cg'kl:yt x'g'ePsf]n] 3/ clen]v sfo{ /f] lsg uPsf] 5 . olb sf]xL s;} sf] bfaL lj/f] w eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbgleq cfk\mgf] ;a't k|df0f;lxt o; sfof{nodf lnlvt lgj]bg lbg'xf]nf .cGoyf lgodfg';f/ lghsf gfddf 3/ gS;f clen]v eO hfg] x'Fbf ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

cfhsf] /fzLkmn nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb| @)*).)!.@* ut] laxLaf/ ltlyM h]i7 s[i0f ifi7L, gIf]qM p=iff=

Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf],c_M ;f]vn] k|f/De u/]sf] sfd Jofj;fodf kl/0ft ug{ ;lsg]5 .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M kl/jf/hgsf] nflu ;do lbg'knf{ .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j",j] ,jf] _M ;]jfd"ns sfo{af6 k|lti7f k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M zf/Ll/s sdhf]/L, pknlAw sd, Jo:ttf a[l4 . ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M kl/jf/hgsf] ;fyn] cfzf, Jofj;fon] nfe a9fpg]5 . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M r'gf}tL kG5\ofp“b} ;kmntfdf k'Ug ;lsg]5 . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M

wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M

cfkm\gf j:t'df c?sf] bfjL Pj+ sfo{df ljnDa .

k|]d / ldqtfdf a[l4, bfh'efOdf cfTdLotf a9\g]5 . cflQP/ af]n] jf0fLsf] unt cy{ nfUg ;Sg]5 .

ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M e]63f6sf] cndnn] sfo{df afwf, hLjgz}nLdf Jo:ttf .

s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M vr{ a[l4 x'g ;Sg]5 . cfly{s cefj v8\lsg ;Sg]5 . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M

ef}lts ;fwg h'6\g]5g\ . cfly{s pknlAw x'g]5 .

zflGtgu/ df kqsfl/ tf tflnd t'n;Lk'/ , @& j} zfv -o';_– zflGtgu/ df kf“r lbg] vf] hL kqsfl/ tf Pj+ pb\3f] if0f tflnd z'¿ ePsf] 5 . a'waf/ b] lv zflGtgu/ –% / u} rfdf tflnd z'¿ ePsf] xf]  . c;n zf;g ;+/ If0f d~r bfªsf] cfof] hgf tyf zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsfsf] ;xof] udf tflnd z'¿ ePsf] xf]  . ufp“– ufp“df kqsf/ pTkfbg ug] { eGb} tflnd cfof] hgf ul/ Psf] xf]  . d~rsf sfo{qmd ;+of] hs lg/ fz kf08] sf] cWoIftf tyf ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf k|df] b a: g] tsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf sfo{qmd ePsf] xf]  . klxnf] lbg kqsf/ bLks af] x/ fn] ;xhLs/ 0f ug'{ePsf] lyof]   .

Pg;]nsf k|d'v sfo{sf/Ldf hfAaf]/ sfo"df]e 3f] / fxL, @% j} zfv -o';_– Pg;] nsf gof“ k|d'v sfo{sf/ L clws[t tyf k|aGw ;~rfnsdf hfAaf] / sfo"df] e cfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“ em08} @) jif{ b"/ ;~rf/ If] qsf] cg'ej ePsf JolQm / x] sf] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 . Pg;] n ;~rfns ;ldltsf] d+unaf/ a;] sf] a} 7sn] lgo'Qm u/ ] sf] / a'waf/ b] lv sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'ePsf] 5 . o;} u/ L k"j{k|d'v sfo{sf/ L clws[t tyf k|aGw ;~rfns PG8L rf] ªn] clhof6f u|'ksf] k|wfg sfof{nodf Ps h'g @)@# b] lv lrkm skf] {/ ] 6 clkm;/ sf ?kdf sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg] 5g\ . o;cl3 hfAaf] / n] 6] lnof -klxnf] 6] lnof;f] g] / f_ / leDk] nsd -clxn] eLcf] g_ h: tf zLif{ b"/ ;~rf/ ;+: yf cGtu{t y'k|] sDkgLsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/ L clws[t eP/ sfd ul/ ;Sg'ePsf] 5 . l8lh6n hd} sfdf clk|n @)@# ;Dd sfo{sf/ L clws[tsf ?kdf sfd ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Ps s/ f] 8 ^) nfv a9L u|fxs / g] kfnLsf] ;] jf ug{ kfp“bf uf} / jflGjt ePsf] atfpg'eof]   . Pg;] ] n g] kfnsf] klxnf] lghL df] afOn ;] jfk|bfos sDkgLsf ?kdf lrlgG5 . ;g\ @))$ df : yflkt ePsf] xf]   . a] Rgsf nflu ;] n ahf/ ;~rfng ug] { klg tof/ L ePsf] 5 . ;fdfg lau|] / hfg lbg'eGbf ;] n ahf/ ;~rfng u/ ] / s] xL 5'6df ;fdfg a] Rg] Jofkf/ Ln] / 0fgLlt agfO/ x] sf 5g\ . klZrdsf] rNtLsf] ahf/ g] kfnu~h clxn] ;'g;fg 5 . nfvf} + ?k} of“ clu|d a'emfp“bf klg ;6/ ef8fdf gkfOg] g] kfnu~hsf d'Vo ahf/ If] qdf ;6/ vfnL 5g\ . Jofkf/ Lx? ;: tf] df k;n a] Rg afWo ePsf 5g\ . vfnL ePsf ;6/ el/ Psf 5} gg\ . ef8fsf nflu vfnL 5 n] v] / 6f“l;Psf] 5 .

;dfrf/

gf/fo0fk'/ dxf]T;jdf ylkP :6n

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, @& j} zfv . gf/ fo0fk'/ pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] cfof] hgfdf ;~rflnt …rf} yf] gf/ fo0fk'/ s[lif, ko{6g tyf Jofkf/ dxf] T;j @)*) Ú df dxf] T;jsf] lbg yk ul/ P;“u} : 6nx¿ klg ylkPsf 5g\ . gf/ fo0fk'/ df xf6ahf/ Joj: yfkgsf nflu cfof] hgf ul/ Psf] dxf] T;jdf s[lif tyf

Jofj;flos : 6nx¿ ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . dxf] T;j @( ut] ;Dd ;~rfng x'g] ePkl5 Jofj;flos : 6nx¿ ylkPsf x'g\ . dxf] T;jdf tLgj6f s[lifsf : 6nx¿ / x] sf 5g\ eg] Ps ;oa9L Jofj;flos : 6n 5g\ . dxf] T;jsf] ;do ylkP;“u} bz{sx¿sf] rxnkxn klg a9] sf] 5 . a'waf/ dxf] T;jdf ufos uf] ljGb dw'/ cfrfo{n] k|: t'lt lbg'eof]   .

;fy} dxf] T;jdf ufos z/ b ;dLk, / fh] z e08f/ L, r] tg s] ;L, / fzL l/ hfn, zflns If] qL, la/ f 3tL{ tyf Pln;f 8fG; u|'k sf7df8f} +sf Pln;f a/ fn, PlGhnf >] i7, ;Ldf >] i7 / zfn' ;'gf/ n] k|: t'lt / fVg' ePsf] ;f+: s[lts pk;ldltsf ;+of] hs l8NnL jnLn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . o;} aLr dxf] T;jdf laxLaf/ nf] s ufos rGb| zdf{sf] k|: t'lt / xg] 5 .

s'i7/f]u lgjf/0f cleofgdf :yfgLo txsf] rf;f] o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf / f“emf, @& j} zfv . af“s] df a9\bf] dfqfdf / x] sf] s'i7/ f] u lgjf/ 0f cleofgdf af“s] sf : yfgLo txn] rf;f] b] vfPsf 5g\ . ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf s'i7/ f] ud'Qm g] kfn 3f] if0ff ug] { g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] nIonfO{ ;fy lbg : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{b] lv ah] 6 ljlgof] hg;“u} cfjZos ;dGjo ug] { k|lta4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . s'i7/ f] ud'Qm ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu g] kfn ;/ sf/ n] cufl8 ;f/ ] sf] nIonfO{ k"/ f ug{ cfjZos / 0fgLltsf ;fy of] hgf agfPsf] vh'/ f ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf 8Da/ lasn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . pxf“n] s'i7/ f] u lgjf/ 0fsf nflu vh'/ fdf j8f: t/ af6} of] hgf agfP/ nfUg : jf: YosdL{ / hgk|ltlglwnfO{ cfu|x u/ ] sf] atfpg'eof]   . a} hgfy ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf k|sfz zfxLn] clxn] klg ;dfhdf ;';'Kt cj: yfdf / x] sf] s'i7/ f] u lgjf/ 0fsf nflu ;fdflhs ;r] tgfnufot cfjZos of] hgf agfOPsf] atfpg'eof]   . cfufdL cfjb] lv ah] 6sf] Joj: yf u/ ] / ufp“kflnsfdf s'i7/ f] uL vf] hk8tfn cleofg ;~rfng ub} { g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/ L kfg{ cfjZos ;dGjo ul/ g] pxf“n] pNn] v ug'{eof]   . af“s] df hfgsL ufp“kflnsf, sf] xnk'/

gu/ kflnsf / g/ } gfk'/ ufp“kflnsfdf s'i7/ f] usf la/ fdL al9/ x] sf 5g\ . g/ } gfk'/ ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf OlZtofs cxdb zfxn] cfufdL cfjb] lv s'i7/ f] u lgjf/ 0f cleofgnfO{ k|fyldstfdf kf/ ] / ultljlw ul/ g] atfpg'eof]   . af“s] df s'i7/ f] usf gof“ la/ fdL e] l6g'n] nIo k"/ f ug{ r'gf} tL b] lvPsf] : jf: Yo sfof{no af“s] sf s'i7/ f] u ;|f] tJolQm dfgj g] kfnLn] atfpg'eof]  . …kf“r jif{;Dd s'g} klg afnaflnsfdf s'i7/ f] u b] lvPg eg] lgjf/ 0f ePsf] dflgG5, t/ o;If] qdf s'i7/ f] u klxrfg ePsfdWo] tLg k|ltzt afnaflnsfdf s'i7/ f] u b] lvPsf] 5, o;n] cem} klg s'i7/ f] u lgd{"n gePsf] k'li6 u5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …: jf: YosdL{sf] k|of;af6 dfq} s'i7/ f] u lgjf/ 0f ;Dej 5} g, o;df : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] rf;f] b] vfpg' v'zLsf] s'/ f xf]   .Ú pxf“sf cg';f/ af“s] df clxn] s'i7/ f] usf] Jofkstf b/ hg;+Vofsf] k|ltbz xhf/ df z"Go bzdnj *$ / x] sf] 5 . of] rfn' cfj @)&(÷*) r} t;Ddsf] tYof+s xf]   . cl3Nnf] cfj @)&*÷&( df Jofkstf b/ Ps bzdnj rf/ / x] sf] lyof]   . lhNnf : jf: Yo sfof{nosf] tYof+scg';f/ af“s] sf cf7 : yfgLo txdWo] ;a} eGbf w] / } hfgsL ufp“kflnsfdf s'i7/ f] usf] Jofkstf b/ hg;+Vofsf]

k|lt bzxhf/ df Ps bzdnj kf“r / x] sf] 5 . sf] xnk'/ gu/ kflnsf / g/ } gfk'/ ufp“kflnsfdf Ps bzdnj tLg, 8'8'jfdf z"Go bzdnj (!, / fKtL ;f] gf/ Ldf z"Go bzdnj &@, vh'/ fdf z"Go bzdnj ^!, g] kfnu~hdf z"Go bzdnj $& / a} hgfydf z"Go bzdnj ;ft / x] sf] 5 . o;} u/ L af“s] df cfj @)&(÷*) sf] r} t;Dd s'i7/ f] usf gof“ la/ fdL kQf nufpg] b/ k|lt Ps nfv hg;+Vofdf cf7 bzdnj rf/ 5 . cl3Nnf] cfj @)&*÷&( df of] b/ !$ / x] sf] : jf: Yo sfof{nosf s'i7/ f] u ;|f] tJolQm g] kfnLn] atfpg'eof]   . af“s] df lhNnf : jf: Yo sfof{no, : yfgLo txsf : jf: Yo zfvf / cfOPgPkmn] s'i7/ f] u / f] syfd tyf lgjf/ 0fsf nflu sfd ub} { cfPsf 5g\ . cfj @)&*÷&( df Ps ;o %& s'i7/ f] uLsf] klxrfg ePsf] cfOPgPkmåf/ f hfgsL ufp“kflnsfdf ;~rflnt ;fOlgª c: ktfnsf k|d'v d+un yf¿n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . pxf“sf cg';f/ klxrfg ePsfdWo] ^! hgf af“s] sf 5g\ . cGo la/ fdL n'lDagL, s0ff{nL, ;'b"/ klZrd k|b] zsf ljleGg lhNnfsf 5g\ . cfOPgPkmåf/ f ;~rflnt ;fOlgª c: ktfnn] c: ktfndf cfPsf la/ fdLsf ;fy} 7fp“– 7fp“df lzlj/ ;~rfng u/ ] / s'i7/ f] uLsf] vf] hk8tfn ug] { u/ ] sf] c: ktfnsf k|d'v yf¿n] atfpg'eof]   .

g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;fljs uf]j/l8xf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ( xfn u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= # a: g] ;'s} rf}w/Lsf] a'xf/L laGtL/fd rf}w/Lsf] kTgL k6]Zj/L b]jL rf}w/Ln] klt laGtL/fd rf}w/Lsf] gfddf ePsf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] hUuf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfuhgL eO{ hnL gi6 ePsfn] >]:tfsfod u/L d lgj]bs k6]Zj/L b]jL rf}w/Lsf gfddf Psnf}6L gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)*).)!.@% df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'ePsf]df pQm hUufdf lgj]bs / c? s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP jf lgj]bssf] gfddf gfd;f/L x'g' gkg{] eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] #% -k} lt;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;r" gf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n

uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd uf]a/l8xf & ^$^ )–#–!( laGtL/fd rf}w/L uf]a/l8xf & ^$( )–@–# laGtL/fd rf}w/L uf]a/l8xf & ^%@ )–*–!@ laGtL/fd rf}w/L ;fy} o;df h=w= laGtL/fd rf}w/Lsf] ldlt @)&(.)#.!# df d[To' ePsf] ;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]u bfªsf] ldlt @)%@.)!.)# sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd h=w= k|=k"hf{ k|fKt u/]sf] pNn]lvt hUufsf] ;Ssn h=w= k|df0fk"hf{ k]z ePsf] x'Fbf sf]xL s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;fljs sf]Onfaf; uf=lj=;= j8f g+= $ xfn u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= * a: g] 5f]6n] fn u'Ktfsf] gflt d+unk|;fb u'Ktfsf] 5f]/f /fds'df/ u'Ktfn] afa' d+unk|;fb u'Ktfsf] gfddf ePsf] lgDd adf]lhdsf] hUuf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfuhgL eO{ hnL gi6 ePsfn] >]:tfsfod u/L d lgj]bs /fds'df/ u'Ktfsf] gfddf Psnf}6L gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)*).)!.@^ df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'ePsf]df pQm hUufdf lgj]bs / c? s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP jf lgj]bssf] gfddf gfd;f/L x'g' gkg{] eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] #% -k} lt;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;r" gf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd sf]Onfaf; $ * )–)–#=% d+unk|;fb u'Ktf sf]Onfaf; $ #( )–)–% d+unk|;fb u'Ktf ;fy} o;df h=w= d+unk|;fb u'Ktfsf] ldlt @)$!.!!.@) df d[To' ePsf] h=w=sf] kTgL ltnsfb]jL u'Ktfsf] ldlt @)%(.!@.)& df d[To' ePsf] pNn]lvt hUufsf] ;Ssn h=w= k|df0fk"hf{ k]z gePsf] x'Fbf sf]xL s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

3f]/fxL, bfª -3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]s dx/f k]6«f]n kDkaf6 leqhfg] uNnLdf_

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_

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b] pv'/ L, @& j} zfv -o';_– / fKtL ufp“kflnsf j8f g+= $ df Vffg] kfgLsf] ;d: of ePsf] 5 . s'jf, xft] kDk / gNsL ;'Sg yfn] sf 5g\ . vfg] kfgLsf] csf] { s'g} klg ljsNksf] Joj: yf gul/ Psf] : yfgLon] u'gf;f] u/ ] sf 5g\ . tLg jif{ klxn] ;'Gb/ k'/ j[xt vfg] kfgL of] hgf z'? ug] { eg] / pkef] Qmf af6 k|lt3/ Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o ?k} of“sf b/ n] / sd p7fOP klg clxn] ;Dd s'g} ;'/ ;f/ gePsf] : yfgLo s[i0f lu/ Ln] atfpg'eof]   . j8f g+=$ leq kg] { demlgu9, ;'Gb/ k'/ , a'7Lrf} / , lkk/ v'6\6L, gof“ufp“, lvg} 6f, hgsk'/ , df} / L3f6, uf} d'vL 6f] n, l;l/ gEofnL 6f] n, r6vf uf] kLgfnf u/ L hDdf !@ 6f] ndf vfg] kfgL ;d: of b] lvPsf] 5 . vfg] kfgLsf] ;d: of ePsf] w] / } jif{ eof]   . oxf“ ;d: ofsf] ;dfwfg eg] clxn] ;Dd klg ePsf] 5} g .

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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf t'n;Lk'/ , @& j} zfv . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!^ nfO{ afn>d d'Qm j8f 3f] if0ff ul/ Psf] 5 . k|f/ lDes ;j] {If0fdf #% hgf afnaflnsfx? >ddf / x] sf lyP . tLdWo] #) hgf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ tTsfn kl/ jf/ d} k'g: yf{kgf ul/ Psf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf kl/ jf/ nfO{ cfly{s?kdf ;an agfpg hLljsf] kfh{gsf sfo{df ;+nUg ul/ Psf] lyof]   . t'n;Lk'/ –!^ sf cWoIf lzjfgGb 8f“uLn] tL kf“rhgf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ cWooogsf nflu cfjZos ;fdu|L pknAw u/ fP/ ljBfnodf egf{ ul/ Psf] atfpg'eof]   . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf

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t'n;Lk'/ , @& j} zfv . b+uLz/ 0fsf ;ftj6} : jf: Yo ;+: yfaf6 ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ lgMz'Ns lel8of] PS;/ ] ;] jf z'? ul/ Psf] 5 . >Lufp“ : jf: Yo rf} sL afu/ df a'waf/ sfo{qmd cfof] hgf u/ L lel8of] PS;/ ] ;] jfsf] pb\3f6g ul/ Psf] xf]   . aRrf / cfdfsf] : jf: Yo cj: yf ;'/ lIft / fVg lel8of] PS;/ ] ;] jfsf] z'?jft ul/ Psf] ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf zDe' lu/ Ln] atfpg'eof]   . pxf“n] ue{ hf“r / lzz' / cfdfsf] : jf: Yo cj: yf hf“Rg 3/ 3/ df k'uL ;] jf k|bfg ug{ g;{x?nfO{ lgb{] zg;d] t lbg'eof]   . sfo{qmddf af] Nb} cfO=Pd= : jLl8; 8] enkd] G6 kf6{g/ sf] ;xof] u Gofo tyf clwsf/ ;+: yf, g] kfn -h'/ L–g] kfn_, nlntk'/ sf] ;xsfo{ Pj+ d'Qm sDn/ L ljsf; d~rsf] cfof] hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf Gofo tyf clwsf/ ;+: yf, g] kfnsf tkm{af6 clwjQmf lji0f'k|;fb kf] v|] n / afndfof ljZjsdf{n] d'Qm sDn/ L tyf ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf ;jfn / : yfgLo ;/ sf/ sf] e"ldsfsf ljifodf sfo{kq k|: t't ug'{ePsf] lyof]   . d'Qm sDn/ L ljsf; d~rsL s] Gb|Lo ;b: o lgd{nf rf} w/ Lsf] : jfut dGtAoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f ;'nf] rgf rf} w/ Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof]   .

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