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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Sep. 24, 2023)

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q bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, ^ c;f] h . / fKtL ufp“kflnsf–* lkk/ L lgjf;L / fdk|;fb rf} w/ LnfO{ cfkm\gf] If] q n'lDagL k|b] zsf] / fhwfgL ag] sf] df v'zLsf] ;Ldf 5} g . / fhwfgLsf ultljlwx? cl3 a9\bf pxf“ pT;flxt x'g'x'G5 t/ of] pT;fxleq s] xL lrGtf klg 5g\ . vfBfGgsf] e08f/ dfl;P/ s+lqm6sf] dfq} zx/ aGg] t xf] Og eGg] lrGtfn] ;tfpg yfn] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …oxf“sf] s[lif If] q gof“ zx/ aGbf gfl;g] t xf] Og eGg] lrGtf 5 . / fhwfgL zx/ aGb} ubf{ ef] ln cfpg ;Sg] ;d: ofnfO{ klg Wofgdf / fv] / of] hgf agfpg'k5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …/ fhwfgL zx/ aGb} ubf{ oxf“sf : yfgLo cflbjf;L, ljkGg gful/ s tyf d'Qm sd} of, e"ldxLgsf] cj: yf s] x'g] To;df klg Wofg lbcf} + . ljkGg gful/ snfO{ / fhwfgLn] cfly{s pkfh{gsf] cj;/ lbg'k5{ .Ú s[lifof] Uo e"ldnfO{ 5f] 8] / af“sL pTkfbg glbg] hUufdf zx/ Ls/ 0f ug{'kg{] df Wofg lbg cfu|x ul/ Psf] xf] . / fhwfgL zx/ lgdf{0f ubf{ v] tLof] Uo hldg IfoLs/ 0f x'g ;Sg] eGb} To;sf nflu xfn tf] lsPsf]

!$ j6f j8fdf tL; jif{kl5sf] zx/ ;f“3'/ f] x'g ;Sg] ePsfn] ;d: of ;dfwfgsf nflu b] pv'/ Lel/ / fhwfgL If] q km} nfpg'kg] { ;d] t ;'emfj lbOPsf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] zsf] / fhwfgLdf lgdf{0f ul/ g] ef] lnsf] zx/ n] eljiodf / f] huf/ L l;h{gf ug{ ;Sg] nfO{ cj;/ sf] ?kdf / ljktx? a9\g ;Sg] nfO{ hf] lvdsf] ?kdf cf“sng ul/ Psf] 5 . ef] lnsf] zx/ kl/ of] hgfdfkm{t eljiodf aGg] zx/ n] lbg] cj;/ / hf] lvdx?sf] af/ ] df hgwf/ 0ff ;+sng ul/ Psf] xf] . …/ fhwfgL If] q ;kmf xf] ;\, v'nf If] q w] / } xf] ;\, ;'/ lIft xf] ;\ . lzIff, : jf: Yo / / f] huf/ sf] cj;/ oxL+ kfOof] ;\Ú– u9jf ufp“kflnsf–! lgjf;L s] z/ L lu/ Ln] eGg'eof] – …ef] lnsf] / fhwfgL zx/ ;a} lx;fjn] pTs[i6 xf] ;\ eGg] rfxG5f} + .Ú casf] tL; jif{kl5 / fhwfgL If] qdf hg;+Vof a9] / Ps nfv $) xhf/ k'Ug] 5 . xfn &^ xhf/ dfq} hg;+Vof / x] sf] 5 . tLa| zx/ Ls/ 0fsf sf/ 0f cfly{s cfocfh{gsf cj;/ x? l;h{gf x'g] b] lv : yfgLo pTkfbgsf ;fdu|Ln] / fd|f] ahf/ kfpg] : yfgLon] ljZjf; u/ ] sf 5g\ . eljiodf cy{tGq alnof] x'g] , yf? ;+: s[lt ko{6g;“u hf] l8bf cfocfh{g a9\g] , kmf] xf] / sf] juL{s/ 0f u/ ] / pBf] u : yfkgf u/ ] / k'gM

k|of] udf cfpg] h: tf ljifonfO{ cj;/ sf] ?kdf x] l/ Psf] 5 . cj;/ dfq} xf] Og, / fhwfgL zx/ lgdf{0f ePkl5 ljleGg k|fs[lts tyf dfgjl;lh{t cfkt ljktsf] ;d] t ;fdgf ug{'kg] {nfO{ r'gf} tLsf] ?kdf x] l/ Psf] 5 . hf] lvdsf] cWoog b] pv'/ L pkTosf af9L, klx/ f] , 8'afg–s6fg, cfunfuL, e"sDk, r6\ofªsf] hf] lvddf 5 . / fKtL gbL, r'/ ] / 8'G8'jf kxf8af6 pTklt eP/ cfpg] bf] nxL, s6] ; gfnf, af} / fxf, skmnL, / ª\l;+unufotsf vf] nfn] jif{] lg hUuf s6fg / 8'afgsf] ;d: of a9fpg] u/ ] sf 5g\ . o: t} vf] nfx?df afn'jf y'k|g] qmd a9] / vf] nfsf] ;tx dfly p7] sf] n] jiff{sf] a] nfdf 5f] 6f] ;dodf 8'afg x'g] qmd a9\bf] 5 . oL ljktsf ljifonfO{ cWoogsf] ljifo agfOPsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} a] nf avt b] lvg] dxfdf/ LhGo 36gfnfO{ klg cWoog;“u hf] l8Psf] xf] . / fhwfgL zx/ agfp“bf ljkt hf] lvdnfO{ klg dl;gf] u/ L cWoog ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . ljkt\ hf] lvd If] q klxrfg u/ ] / ;'/ lIft : yfgdf zx/ Ls/ 0f ug{'kg{] ljifonfO{ k|fyldstfdf / flvPsf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ / ef] lnsf] zx/ kl/ of] hgfn] hg: t/ sf gful/ sx?sf] wf/ 0ff ;+sng u/ ] / of] hgf lgdf{0f ug{ yfn] sf x'g\ . k|sf] ksf] hf] lvd sd ug{ ;fdflhs If] q, ljkGgtf–;+s6f, cJojl: yt zx/ Ls/ 0f tyf a: tLx? ;DaGwL klg cWoog ul/ g] cg';GwfgsdL{ l8NnLk|;fb kf} 8] nn] atfpg'eof] . …;a} k|sf/ sf ;d'bfosf] 1fgnfO{ klg lnP/ of] kl/ sNkgf ug{ yflnPsf] xf] . tfls ef] lnsf] / fhwfgL zx/ ;'/ lIft / ;dtfd"ns xf] ;\ eGg] p2] Zon] cWoog ug{] sfd eO/ x] sf] 5Ú– cg';GwfgsdL{ kf} 8] nn] eGg'eof] – …o;sf ;fy} k|sf] ksf] hf] lvd sd ug{ cg';Gwfg eO/ x] sf] 5 . ;fdflhs hf] lvd, ljkGgtf, ;+s6f, cJojl: yt zx/ Ls/ 0f tyf a: tLx? ;DaGwL cWoog ;d] l6Psf] 5 .Ú ef] lnsf] zx/ sf] cj;/ / r'gf} tLsf] af/ ] df ;d'bfosf gful/ s;“u klg 5nkmn ug{] sfd eO/ x] sf] 5 . ;d'bfosf gful/ sn] ef] ufO, b] vfO / ;'g'jfOnfO{ cfwf/ dfg] / wf/ 0ff JoQm ug{] u/ ] sf 5g\ . / fhwfgL zx/ aGb} ubf{ : yfgLo cflbjf;L hghflt yf?, e"ldxLg ;'s'Djf;L tyf cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg ;d'bfosf] eljionfO{ ;d] t ;'lglZrt x'g] u/ L of] hgf agfpg'kg{] ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?sf] ;'emfj 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] /Iff xfd|f] bfloTjdf k5{ M sfg'g Joj;foL k|x/Lsf] klg gful/s ;'g'jfO x'g'k5{ M PcfO{hL

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3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . g] kfn 8] df] qm\ofl6s no;{ Pzf] l;ozg bfª zfvfsf] !& cf+} ;fwf/ 0f;ef zlgaf/ 3f] / fxLdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g] kfn 8] df] qm\ofl6s no;{ Pzf] l;Pzg bfª zfvf cWoIf s'df/ / fh >] i7sf] cWoIftf Pj+ s] Gb|Lo cWoIf ;Ltf/ fd s] ;Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf af] Nb} s] Gb|Lo cWoIf ;Ltf/ fd s] ;Ln] eGg'eof] – …cfly{s cg'zf;g sfod ug{ ;s] clxn] sf] k4lt arfpg ;lsG5 . o;s} sf/ 0f tLgj6} ;/ sf/ ckm\7] / f] df kg] { / ;+ljwfg

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km] n x'G5 ls eGg] 8/ 5 .Ú pxf“n] kmf} hbf/ L, b] jfgL, jfl0fHonufot ;j{;fwf/ 0fnfO{ rflxg] sfg'gsf a'sn] 6 lgsfnL sfg'gL ;fIf/ tf rnfpg] atfpg'eof] . ;+ljwfg sfuhsf] vf] : 6f] xf] eGg] ;f+;bsf] egfO / ;/ sf/ n] sfg'g ldr] sf] b] Vbf ;+ljwfg s'lNrg] t xf] Ogg\ elg c;fWo} 8/ nfu] sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . ;a} n] u5{g\ d} n] lsg gug] { eg] / k|wfgGofofwLz tyf GofofwLzx?n] klg uNtL ug{ nfu] sf] cf/ f] k pxf“n] nufpg'eof] . sfo{qmdsf ljlzi6 cltly g] kfn af/ P;f] l;Pzgsf cWoIf Pj+ l8PnPsf k"j{cWoIf af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . k|x/ L cltl/ Qm dxflg/ LIfs -PcfO{hL_ ;GbLk e08f/ Ln] k|x/ Lsf] z'4tf hf“r ug{ gful/ s ;'g'jfO x'g'kg] { atfpg'ePsf] 5 . / fli6«o k|x/ L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg dxf/ fhu~hsf sfo{sf/ L lgb] {zs ;d] t / xg'ePsf e08f/ L k|b] z bf} 8fxfsf qmddf bfª cfpg'ePsf] xf] . ;f] xL cj;/ df lhNNff k|x/ L sfof{no bfªn] kqsf/ tyf pBf] uL Joj;foL;“u / fv] sf] e] 63f6df PcfO{hL e08f/ Ln] k|x/ Lsf] k|ToIf cl86 x'g'kg] { / To;sf] lhDdf hgtfnfO{

lbg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . k|x/ Lsf] af/ ] df klg gful/ s ;'g'jfO ug{ elgPsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …k|x/ L cfkm} z'4 x'g'k5{ . k|ToIf cl86 x'g'k5{ . klAnsn] u5{ lg cl86Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …xfdLn] gful/ s ;'g'jfO u/ eg] sf 5f} + .

Onfsf xf] ;\, lhNnf xf] ;\, ;a} lt/ gful/ s ;'g'jfO x'g'k5{ . k|x/ L;“u hf] l8Psf s'/ fx? v'Nnd v'nf eg"g\ gful/ sn] .Ú pxf“n] hgtf;“u cf“vfdf cf“vf h'wfP/ af] Ng ;Sg] k|x/ L x'g'kg] { atfpg'eof] . …o; k6s xfdLnfO{ sfd ug{ cg's"n aftfj/ 0f 5 . cfly{s cg'zf;g / u} / sfg'gL lqmofsnfkdf s;} af6 k|] ;/ 5} g . v'Nndv'nf sfg'gsf] kfngf ug{ ;lsG5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …5ftL km'nfP/ sfd ug{'k5{ . e|i6frf/ df xfd|f] z"Go ;xgzLntf xf] . o;df u[x k|zf;gaf6 klg km"nnL ;kf] 6{ 5 . ;a} k|x/ Ln] o;} cg'?k sfg'g af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

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t'n;Lk'/ , ^ c;f] h . zflGtgu/ sL r] tgf 8f“uL a'lemg] u/ L af] Ng ;Sg'x'Gg . cem hGdhft sfg klg ;'Gg g;Sg] 8f“uLnfO{ k|s[ltn] t 7u] sf] 5 g} cfkm\g} kl/ jf/ n] klg a] 3/ agfPsf] 5 . k} t[s ;DklQ gkfPkl5 pxf“ clxn] 3/ 5f] 8] / 8] / fsf] 3/ df a: g'x'G5 . …kl/ jf/ sf 6f7f af7fn] ;DklQ ;a} nu] d;“u s] xL 5} gÚ– ;f+s] lts efiffdf u'gf;f] ;'gfp“b} r] tgfn] eGg'eof] – …k} t[s ;DklQdf 5f] / f 5f] / Lsf] a/ fa/ xs nfU5 t/ dnfO{ nfu] g .Ú alx/ f ePkl5 kl/ jf/ af6} lje] bdf k/ ] sf] r] tgfsf] u'gf;f] 5 . cfkm";“u ;DklQ gx'“bf pxf“nfO{ hLjg rnfpg ;d: of 5 . To;} t lje] b 5 . ;d: of 5 emg ;DklQljxLg x'“bf cem kL8f 5 . o: tf] lje] b v] Kg] r] tgf PSnL x'g'x'Gg . ?lG6u9L–( / f] Nkfsf x'daxfb'/ ;fsL{ klg kl/ jf/ cfkmGts} lje] bdf kg'{ePsf] 5 . k} t[s ;DklQ k|z: t x'“bf;d] t bfh' efOn] c+za08f u/ ] sf] t/ cfkm"nfO{ s] xL glbPsf] x'daxfb'/ n] u'gf;f] ug'{eof] .

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;f+s] lts efiffdf af] Ng] x'daxfb'/ n] kl/ jf/ af6 c+z t kfpg'ePg g} ;'vl;t vfg a: g;d] t gkfPkl5 3/ 5f] 8] / lx8] sf] atfpg'eof] . …hUuf hldg 5 . bfO efOn] c+za08f u/ ] . dnfO{ lbPgg\Ú– x'daxfb'/ n] eGg'eof] – …x'“bfx'“bf alx/ f ePs} sf/ 0f sfddf w] / } nufpg] , eg] sf] dfGg} kg] { h: tf b'Jo{jxf/ ;xg g;s] / 3/ g} 5f] 8] / lx“8+] .Ú pxf“n] sfd w] / } u/ fpg] t/ / fd|f] vfg, nfpg slxNo} gkfPsf] atfpg'eof] . aflx/ >d ug{ uP kfl/ >lds ;d] t yf] / } lbg] u/ ] sf] u'gf;f] x'daxfb'/ sf] 5 . zflGtgu/ –@ sf !^ jifL{o e/ t

cf] nL sIff ( df k9\g'x'G5 . pxf“ k|i6 af] Ng ;Sg'x'Gg . ToxL eP/ pxf“nfO{ kl/ jf/ sf] b'Jo{jxf/ bf] xf] l/ / xG5 . e/ tsL cfdf / dfn] eGg'eof] – …nf6f] aRrf hGdfpg] eGb} d} dfly klg b'Jo{axf/ eO/ xG5 . pxf“n] z'?df aRrfnfO{ ljBfno k7fp“bf ;d] t OGsf/ u/ ] sf] : d/ 0f ug'{eof] . …alx/ fx?nfO{ 3/ kl/ jf/ , ;dfh ;a} n] x] nf u5{g\Ú– / dfn] eGg'eof] . alx/ f ePs} sf/ 0f ;xh?kdf k9\gdfq} xf] Og / fKtL ufp“kflnsf–# sf @^ jifL{o g/ ] Gb| / ;fOnLn] / f] huf/ L kfpg ;Sg' ePsf] 5} g . !@ sIff pQL0f{ ul/ ;Sg' ePsf / ;fOnL hGdhft sfg ;'Gg ;Sg'x'Gg .

To;} n] pxf“n] ug{ ;Sg] sfdsf nflu klg / f] huf/ bftfn] kTofp“b} gg\ .

3/ d} b'Jo{jxf/ 5 . ljBfnod} c;dfg Jojxf/ 5 . Ifdtf 5, / f] huf/ lbO“b} g . ;xof] u, dfof k|] d st} af6 gkfPkl5 sltko alx/ fx? s'ntdf km: g] hf] lvd / x] sf] bf] efif] : d[lt of] uLn] atfpg'eof] . afa' cfdfn] g} alx/ fsf s'/ f ga'em\g] x'“bf ;d: of v] Kg'kg] {, lx+;f v] Kg'kg] { cj: yf / x] sf] pNn] v ub} { bf] efif] of] uLn] eGg'eof] – …c?n] ga'em] klg cleefjs / kl/ jf/ n] alx/ fsf ;d: of a'em\g'k5{ / dfof lbg'k5{ .Ú lbj;sf cj;/ df cGtlq{mof cGt/ f{li6«o ;f+s] lts efiff lbj;sf] cj;/ df alx/ f / ;f+s] lts efiff ljifos cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd t'n;Lk'/ df zlgaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . / fKtL alx/ f ;+3 t'n;Lk'/ sf] cfof] hgf tyf t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf] ;xof] udf sfo{qmd ePsf] xf] . ;+3sf cWoIf cho zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ckf+u ;dfh ;'wf/ s] Gb| t'n;Lk'/ sf cWoIf x'dsfGt s“8] n, dlxnf, afnaflnsf zfvf k|d'v dfof >] i7, alx/ f 1fg' v8\sfnufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . g] kfn pBf] u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf ;'/ s[i0f j} Bn] cfly{s rnfodfglagf b] z rNg g;Sg] eGb} ;/ sf/ uDeL/ x'g'kg] { atfpg'ePsf] 5 . bfª pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] !( cf} + ;fwf/ 0f;efsf] pb\3f6g cj;/ df af] Nb} k|d'v cltly j} Bn] pBf] uL, Joj;foLnfO{ k/ ] sf] ;d: ofk|lt ;/ sf/ g} lhDd] jf/ gePsf] eGb} tLg} txsf ;/ sf/ nfO{ cfly{s rnfodfgsf nflu e"ldsf v] Ng cfu|x ug'{eof] . emgkl5 emg pBf] uL Joj;foL knfog x'g yfn] sf] eGb} of] cj: yfaf6 hf] ufpg ;/ sf/ n] e"ldsf v] Ng'kg] { pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . xfn b] zdf #) k|ltztdfq} pBf] u ;~rfngdf / x] sf] / cem} aGb x'g] qmd hf/ L / x] sf] eGb} ;a} 7Kk x'g] cj: yf cfpgaf6 hf] ufpg tLg txs} ;/ sf/ n] e"ldsf v] Ng'kg] { atfpg'eof] . …x] bf{ pBf] uL, Joj;foLnfO{ dfq} ;d: of k/ ] sf] h: tf] b] lvG5 . pBf] u Joj;fo wdfwd aGb eO/ x] sf 5g\Ú– pkfWoIf j} Bn] eGg'eof] – …;6/ vfnL eO/ x] sf 5g\ . Joj;fo aGb x'“bf / fhZj p7\b} g . / fhZj gp7] s;/ L ;/ sf/ rN5 < b] z rN5 < s;/ L hgtfsf] xftdf k} ;f hfG5 <Ú

pxf“n] sf/ f] jf/ g} gu/ L / fhZj ltg{ ;Sg] cj: yf Joj;foLdf gePsf] atfpg'eof] . pkfWoIf j} Bn] cfly{s cj: yf dfly p7fpg ;a} eGbf klxn] a} +s Jofhb/ df x] / km] / x'g'kg] { atfpg'eof] . a} +ssf] Jofh g} ltg{ g;Sg] cj: yf cfPsf] eGb} j} Bn] pBf] u Joj;fo g} lnnfd u/ ] / efUg] jfWotfdf ;/ sf/ nfO{ / fhZj ltg{ emg sl7g ePsf] atfpg'eof] . …lxhf] &÷* k|ltztdf lnPsf] C0fsf] Jofh clxn] !$÷!% k|ltztdf k'lu;Sof] . lbgdf tLg xhf/ sf] Jofkf/ x'“b} gÚ– j} Bn] eGg'eof] – …a} +s JofhnfO{ dfq} x] / km] / ug{ ;s] w] / } Joj;foLnfO{ l6sfpg ;lsG5 . gq ;a} Joj;fo aGb x'G5g\ . of] cj: yf gcfcf] ;\ eGg] xfd|f] rfxgf xf] . g] kfn pBf] u jfl0fHo dxf;+3n] ;/ sf/ nfO{ k6s k6s of] ljifodf Wofgfsif{0f u/ fPsf]

5 t/ ;'g'jfO clxn] ;Dd ePsf] 5} g . cfly{s If] qdf r/ d lg/ fzf 5 .Ú pxf“n] ;/ sf/ n] Joj;foLsf ;d: of ga'em] cfGbf] ngdf hfg] r] tfjgL lbg'eof] . …o;} aGb, To;} aGb dfu ;'g'jfO geP xfdL ;Dk"0f{ cfoft, lgof{t 7Kk kf5f} {+ xf] Og eg] ;a} ldn] / cfly{s ;d: ofsf] ;dfwfg vf] hf} + .Ú pxf“n] OHhtsf ;fy Joj;fo ug] { jftfj/ 0f agfOlbg ;/ sf/ ;“u dfu ug'{eof] . ljlzi6 cltly Pj+ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v g?nfn rf} w/ Ln] Joj;foL sdhf] / x'g' ;/ sf/ sdhf] / x'g' xf] eGb} b] lvPsf] cfly{s dGbLsf] Joj: yfkgdf ;xsfo{ u/ ] / cl3 a9\g'kg] { atfpg'eof] . …;/ sf/ PSn} n] klg of] ;d: of ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsb} g . Joj;foL PSn} n] klg x'“b} gÚ– k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

v's'/L k|xf/ u/L dlxnfsf] xTof o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf t'n;Lk'/ , ^ c;f] h . t'n;Lk'/ –!! a] n6fs'/ fsL $@ jifL{of / Ltf nfld5fg] nfO{ l5d] sLn] v's'/ L k|xf/ u/ L xTof u/ ] sf 5g\ . #* jifL{o l5d] sL 6] saxfb'/ xdfnn] zlgaf/ lbp“;f] v's'/ L k|xf/ ubf{ nfld5fg] sf] 36gf: ynd} d[To' ePsf] lyof] ] .

6] saxfb'/ n] af6f] df lx8\b} u/ ] sf c? b'O{hgfnfO{ klg v's'/ L k|xf/ u/ L 3fOt] agfPsf 5g\ . v's'/ L k|xf/ af6 l5d] sLx? ^^ jifL{of sdnfs'df/ L xdfn / pgsf $% jifL{o 5f] / f jL/ axfb'/ xdfn uDeL/ 3fOt] x'g'ePsf] 5 .

6] saxfb'/ n] af6f] df lx8\g] qmddf cGwfw'Gw v's'/ L k|xf/ u/ ] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 3/ af6 v's'/ L lnP/ lgl: sPsf 6] saxfb'/ n] af6f] df h;nfO{ e] 6\of] p;} dfly v's'/ L k|xf/ ub} { lx+8] sf] / o;/ L v's'/ L k|xf/ ug{ nfu] sf] b] v] /

d[ts /Ltf nfld5fg]

af6f] df lxl8/ x] sf cGo tLghgf eg] efu] / Hofg hf] ufPsf lyP . v's'/ L k|xf/ ug{] xdfnnfO{ Onfsf k|x/ L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ n] zlgaf/ g} lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . v's'/ L k|xf/ af6 3fOt] ePsf %^ jifL{of sdnfs'df/ L xdfnnfO{ / fKtL k|fb] lzs c: ktfndf k|fylds pkrf/ kl5 yk pkrf/ sf nflu g] kfnu~h / ] km/ ul/ Psf] 5 eg] pgsf 5f] / fsf] k|fb] lzs c: ktfndf pkrf/ eO/ x] sf] /

36gfaf/ ] yk cg';Gwfg eO/ x] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

6] saxfb'/ n] s] xL dlxgf l8k|] ;gsf] cf} iflw ;] jg u/ ] sf] s'/ f cfPsf] 5 t/ cf} iflw ;] jg u/ ] sf x'g\ jf x} gg\ eGg] s'/ fsf] cem} cg';Gwfgd} / x] sf] Onfsf k|x/ L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ sf k|d'v 7fs'/ k|;fb kf] v|] nn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . 6] saxfb'/ n] b] ptf r9\ of] , b] ptfn] sf6\g eg] kl5 cfkm"n] v's'/ L ;dfP/ sf6\b} lx8] sf] aofg lbPsf] l8P;kL kf] v|] nn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …cj: yf clxn] g} o: tf] eg] / atfpg;Sg] cj: yf 5} g . p;nfO{ x] bf{ s] xL l8k|] ;gsf] nIf0f h: tf] klg b] lvG5 . t/ l8k|] ;gsf] cf} iflw vfPsf] / ] s8{ eg] km] nf k/ ] sf] 5} g . xfdL 36gfsf] cg';Gwfgd} 5f} + .Ú : yfgLosf cg';f/ ufp“n] dfly cGwfw'Gw v's'/ L k|xf/ ug{] 6] saxfb'/ sl/ a ;f9] b'O{ dlxgf cufl8 dfq} l5d] sL b] z ef/ taf6 3/ kmls{Psf lyP .

@

@)*) ;fn c;f]h & ut] cfOtjf/ (Sep. 24, 2023)

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ljrf/

clvn ef/t g]kfnL Pstf ;dfh pb\ej / ljsf; k|wfgdGqLsf] rLg e|d0f lxhf] b] lv k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Úsf] ldq/ fi6« rLgsf] / fhsLo e|d0f z'? ePsf] 5 . rLgsf] xfªrfp zx/ af6 pxfFsf] e|d0f z'? ePsf] 5 . cd] l/ sfdf ePsf] ;+o'Qm / fi6«;+3sf] &* cf} + dxf;efnfO{ ;Daf] wg u/ ] / k|wfgdGqL pt} af6 rLg hfg'ePsf] xf] . ;ftfAofkL rLg e|d0fsf] klxnf] lbg pgn] lrlgofF / fi6«klt;Fu e] 6 ug'{ePsf] 5 eg] !( cf} + Pl;ofnL v] ns'bdf ;xeflutf hgfP/ lrlgofF ;dsIfL;Fu e] 6, s[lif / cf} Bf] lus If] qsf] cjnf] sgnufotsf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g] sfo{qmd 5 . o;aLrdf rLg–g] kfn nufgL ;Dd] ng klg cfof] hgf ul/ Psf] 5, h;af6 nufgLsf If] q klxrfg ub} { g] kfndf nufgL k|j4{gsf nflu ;xof] u k'Ug] ck] Iff ul/ Psf] 5 . ;fdfGotM k|wfgdGqL jf s'g} klg kbflwsf/ Lsf] e|d0f cf} krfl/ s sfo{qmd xf] , o;df w] / } rrf{ ul/ / xg'kg] { t xf] Og t/ g] kfnh: tf] e"–/ fhgLlts ;+j] bgzLntf af] s] sf] b] zsf sfo{sf/ L k|d'vn] b'O{ l5d] sL b] zdf ug] { e|d0f rf;f] / rrf{sf] ljifo aG5 g} . nfdf] ;dob] lv b'O{ l5d] sL b] zn] km/ s ljz] iftf;lxt s"6gLlt ;~rfng ul/ / x] sf lyP . blIf0fL l5d] sL d''n's ef/ t g] kfnsf] ;"Id Joj: yfdf ;d] t Wofg lbg] b] zsf] ?kdf lrlgGYof] eg] rLgn] df} g s"6gLltnfO{ k|fyldstf lb+b} cfPsf] lyof] . ef/ tn] ;kmntf c;kmntfsf aLraf6 cfkm\gf] k'/ fg} af6f] ckgfpg vf] lh/ x] sf] b] lvG5 eg] pQ/ L l5d] sL rLg klg kl5Nnf] ;do df} gaf6 v'nf s"6gLltsf] af6f] df cl3 a9\g vf] h] sf] b] lvG5 . lrlgofF / fhb"tsf] kl5Nnf] ef/ tnlIft cleJolQm / sltko lrlgofF a'l4hLjLx?sf ljZn] if0f x] bf{ rLg g] kfnsf] dfldnfdf yk rgfvf] aGb} u/ ] sf] / s] xL cfz+sf;d] t kfn] / a;] sf] b] lvG5 . of] k[i7e"lddf z'? ePsf] g] kfnsf k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fn] rLgnfO{ cfz+sf x6fP/ cfZj: t kfg{;Sg'k5{ . rLgn] d'VotM g] kfnaf6 cfkm\gf] ;'/ Iff cj: yfdf vt/ f gcfcf] ;\ eGg] rfxG5 . To;df g] kfn lg/ Gt/ ;+j] bgzLn 5 . g] kfn Ps rLg gLltdf k|lta4 5 t/ kl5Nnf] ;do a9\b} uPsf] klZrdfx?sf] jr{Zjsf sf/ 0f rLg s] xL ;z+lst klg 5 . vf;u/ L Pd;L;L kl/ of] hgfsf] sfof{Gjog / g] kfnsf] hn;|f] tdf ef/ tLo nufgLstf{sf] jr{Zjn] rLg em: s] sf] 5 . Pd;L;Lsf] ;jfndf g] kfnn] ;fj{ef} d ;+;baf6 AofVofTds l6Kk0fL kfl/ t u/ ] sf] 5 / To;nfO{ cd] l/ sfn] : jLsf/ u/ ] sf] eg] sf] klg 5 . Pd;L;LnfO{ g] kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / sfg'gsf] k|lts"n x'g glbg] u/ L ljsf; kl/ of] hgfsf] ?kdf dfq : jLsf/ ug] { / o;nfO{ s'g} klg ;} Go / 0fgLltcGtu{t hfg glbg] g] kfnsf] ;+;bsf] 3f] if0ff xfd|f] dxTjk"0f{ b: tfj] h xf] . clxn] k|wfgdGqLn] of] oyfy{ rLgnfO{ a'emfpg'kg] { bfloTj 5 eg] To;kl5 klg lg/ Gt/ o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf k|lta4 aGg'kg] {5 lsgls g] kfn s'g} cGt/ f{li6«o jf If] qLo ;} Go / 0fgLltsf] c+u gaGg] s'/ fn] Psflt/ xfd|f] ;fj{ef} ldstfsf] / Iff u5{ eg] csf] {lt/ l5d] sLx?nfO{ cgfjZos cfz+sfaf6 d'Qm ug{ ;lsG5 . rLg pbfpFbf] dxfzlQm / fi6« xf] . cfkm\g} l5d] sL d'n'sdf eO/ x] sf] olt pRr: t/ sf] cfly{s qmflGtaf6 kmfObf lng g;Sg' xfd|f] sdhf] / L xf] . p;n] ;+;f/ el/ ljleGg kl/ of] hgf rnfO/ x] sf] 5 . p;sf] a] N6 P08 / f] 8 Olgl;ol6e -lacf/ cfO{_ df g] kfnn] ;dy{g hgfO g} ;s] sf] 5 . o;sf] sfof{Gjogsf] kIfn] ult lng ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . Psflt/ cfkm\gf k|efj b] vfpg rLgn] k'/ fgf of] hgfx?nfO{ klg lacf/ cfO{s} c+u eGg] u/ ] sf] 5 eg] csf] {lt/ gofF of] hgf ;~rfngdf b'a} b] zsf] Wofg k'Ug ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . lacf/ cfO{ kl/ of] hgfaf6 g] kfnn] C0f xf] Og, cg'bfgs} ck] Iff ug'{k5{ lsgeg] Tof] Pp6f l5d] sL / fi6«sf] clwsf/ klg xf] . o;afx] s rLgn] a] nf–a] nf k|lta4tf hgfpg] u/ ] sf] / ] ndfu{, lxdfnog 6«flGh6, yk ;Ldf gfsf v'nf ug] { ljifodf klg ;fy{s ;+jfb x'g;Sof] eg] lgZro g} k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0f To;sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ aGg;S5 . rLgn] s] xL ;docl3 ;fj{hlgs u/ ] sf] cfkm\gf] gS;fdf g] kfnsf] gofF gSzf ;d] l6g g;s] sf] ljifo klg s'g} g s'g} ?kdf of] e|d0fsf] ;Gbe{df p7\g' cfjZos 5 .

s;n] s] eg] <

¿kfGt/ 0f ug{' ;Ë7gsf] sfd xf] . dfcf] n] klg qmflGtsf tLg hfb'u/ L xltof/ sf] rrf{ ub{f ;Ë7gnfO{ hf] 8 lbg'ePsf] 5 . sDo'lg: 6 kf6L{ / ;Ë7g w] / } eP eg] / lrGtf ug{' cfjZos 5} g . ;Rrf sDo'lg: 6 kf6L{n] qmflGt ;DkGg ug{] xf] .

– df] xg j} B …ls/ 0fÚ -qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lg: 6 kf6L{ g] kfnsf cWoIf_ nf] stGqsf] ljsNk ;'b[9 nf] stGq, u0ftGqsf] ljsNk ;'b[9 u0ftGq xf] eGg] s'/ fnfO{ kqsfl/ tf If] qaf6 yk ;zQm / k|efjsf/ L agfpg] / cufl8 a9fpg] sfddf oxfFx?sf] kqsfl/ tf cufl8 a9\g] 5 eGg] df ljZj: t 5' .

– / ] vf zdf{ -;~rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlwdGqL_ cfFugdf rf8kj{ cfO;s] , t/ b] zsf] cy{tGq la/ fdLdfq} xf] Og, l;ls: t ePsf] cj: yf 5 . ;/ sf/ sf] g] t[Tj csf{] bnn] u/ ] klg cy{dGqL xfd|} x'g'x'G5 . clxn] cfd ;j{;fwf/ 0fsf] b} lgsLnfO{ 5'g] u/ L ljz] if Kofs] h NofP/ / fxt lbnfpg / cfzf hufpg cfjZos 5 .

– dLg ljZjsdf{ -g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf kf6L{sf] ;"rgf, ;~rf/ tyf k|rf/ ljefusf k|d'v_ ljZjsf cGo b] zsf] gofF ;+ljwfg alg;s] kl5sf] cEof;;Fu t'ngf ug{] xf] eg] ;fk] Iftfdf xfd|f] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog l7s} eO/ x] sf] eGg] nfU5 .

– k[YjL;'Aaf u'?ª -g] skf Pdfn] sf pkdxf;lrj_ sfg'gn] g} tf] s] sf ljifox?df ;d: of ePg t/ slxn] sfxL+ dGqfnox?n] cGo lhDd] jf/ Lx? klg l;8Lcf] x?nfO{ lbO/ x] sf x'G5g\ .

To: tf] yk lhDd] jf/ L lbg cfjZos k¥of] eg] u[x;Fu klxn] ;dGjo x'g'k¥of] eg] sf xf} + .

– gf/ fo0fk|;fb e§/ fO{ -u[x dGqfnosf k|jQmf_

oxL ;] K6] Da/ !), !! / !@ ut] ef/ tsf] xl/ of0ff / fHosf] kml/ bfjfbdf ef/ tl: yt zf] lift kLl8t g] kfnL dhb'/ x?sf] ;+u7g clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] cf7f} + clvn ef/ t ;Dd] ng eJo ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;+u7gn] : yfkgfsfnb] lv g} ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx?sf ;d: ofsf lj?4df ;+3if{ ub} { cfPsf] 5 . To;sf cltl/ Qm clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhn] g] kfnsf] k~rfotL tfgfzfxL Joj: yf, ;fdGtjfb / / fhtGqsf lj?4sf x/ ] s ;+3if{x?df nuftf/ of] ubfg lbb} cfPsf] $$ jif{ nfdf] Oltxf; / x] sf] 5 . k|jf;df sfd ug] { g] kfnL dhb'/ x?sf] ;fdflhs ;+u7g eP/ klg Pstf ;dfhn] g] kfnsf x/ ] s kl/ jt{gsf/ L cfGbf] ngx?df dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg k'¥ofpg' ;fdfGo s'/ f xf] Og . To;f] t clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] / fhgLlts dxTj klg / x] sf] 5 . To;df klg Pstf ;dfhn] g] kfnsf] qmflGtsf/ L jfd cfGbf] ngnfO{ nuftf/ ;xof] u / g} lts ;dy{g hgfp“b} cfPsf] b] lvG5 . ;g\ !(&( gf] e] Dj/ & sf lbg agf/ ;df clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] : yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . Pstf ;dfh ef/ tdf / f] huf/ Lsf nflu uPsf g] kfnLx?sf] ;+u7g lyof] . ;dfhsf ;+: yfks ;efklt uf] ljGbl;+x yfkf -uf] / vk'/ _ pk;efklt / fdrGb| zdf{ -kf08] r] / L_, dGqL kbd / fgf -kml/ bfjfb_ pkdGqL b08kfl0f Gof} kfg] -uf] / vk'/ _, ;b: o / fh' g] kfnL -gof“ lbNnL_ ;b: o / Tgaxfb'/ -snsQf_ / ;b: o b'uf{k|;fb zdf{ -db|f;_ x'g'x'GYof] . clxn] ;+: yfks ;b: ox?df b'O{hgf dfq hLljt x'g'x'G5 . To;df ;+: yfks ;efklt uf] ljGbl;+x yfkf ;Gtaxfb'/ g] kfnLn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dzfn_ sf] al/ i7 g] tf tyf cleefjsLo e'ldsfdf x'g'x'G5 . ;+: yfks ;b: o / fh' g] kfnL, 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{n] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf] s] Gb|Lo g] tf x'g'x'G5 . ljlwjt?kdf Pstf ;dfhsf] : yfkgf ePkZrft ;+: yfksx?n] Pp6f krf{ k|sflzt u/ ] sf lyP . ;f] krf{ ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx?sf] xftxftdf k'¥ofpg] lg0f{o ePsf] lyof] . ;f] krf{df ef/ tl: yt ;Dk"0f{ g] kfnLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] xs / clwsf/ sf nflu cfkm} ;+ul7t eP/ ;+3if{ ug'{ kg] { s'/ f pNn] v ePsf] lyof] . krf{df ef/ tl: yt ;Dk"0f{ zf] lift kLl8t hgtfnfO{ Pstf ;dfhsf] em08fd'lg uf] njGb x'g cfx\jfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . To;kZrft b: tfj] hx?n] tTsfnLg tfgfzfxL k~rfotL Joj: yfsf] cGTosf nflu g] kfnsf jfd tyf k|hftflGqs cfGbf] ngnfO{ ;xof] u ug] { s'/ f pNn] v u/ ] sf lyP . ef/ tdf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] : yfkgfsf nflu cfGtl/ s ?kdf df] xg ljqmd, lgd{n nfdf / lrqaxfb'/ s] ;Lnufotsf g] tfx?sf] e"ldsf / x] sf] lyof] . To;sf/ 0f Pstf ;dfh g] skf rf} dsf] glhs / x] / ef/ tdf Pp6f ;fdflhs ;+: yfsf ?kdf lqmofzLn ePsf] b] lvG5 . cToGt 5f] 6f] ;dodf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] ;~hfn ef/ tJofkL ?kdf lj: tf/ eof] . Pstf ;dfhsf] ;+u7g lj: tf/ sf nflu g] kfnaf6 g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] rf} yf] dxflwj] zg wf/ sf g] tf tyf sfo{stf{x? k|sfzg / ;+u7gfTds sfdsf] lhDdf lnP/ ef/ tdf uPsf lyP . o;/ L ef/ tdf hfg] g] tf sfo{stf{x?df

g] kfnsf] / fli6«otf, hgtGq / hghLljsfsf] kIfdf rNg] u/ ] sf ;Dk"0f{ cfGbf] ngx?df clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg / xg] u/ ] sf] 5 . k~rfotL tfgfzfxL Joj: yf / / fhtGqsf] lj?4df rn] sf ;+3if{x?df Pstf ;dfhn] lgs} dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ef/ ts} e"lddf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] cfof] hgfdf 7"nf–7"nf k|bz{g / ;efx? ePsf lyP .

========================================================  zlzw/ e08f/ L df] xg ljqmd l;+x, lgd{n nfdf, lrqaxfb'/ s] ;L, uf] ljGb l;+x yfkf, l;lk uh'/] n, ;Gtaxfb'/ g] kfnL, houf] ljGb zfx, vDkf l;+x, ljBf 9sfn -hnhnf_, zlzw/ e08f/ L, Zofds'df/ L s] ;L, / fh] z ljZjsdf{, l8cf/ kf] v|] n, cho zdf{, d] 3/ fh 1jfnL, ;/ f] h zdf{, b08kfl0f Gof} kfg] , / fdk|;fb zdf{, 6+sgfy kf} 8] n, b'uf{ kf} 8] n, zf/ bf / fgf, ;l/ tf lh;L od'gf e';fn, ;/ : jtL zdf{, k|] d rfkfufO“, / fd sfsL{nufot s} of} + x'g'x'G5 . To;} u/ L ljleGg ldltdf k|ultzLn hgjfbL ;f+: s[lts cleofgdf / fog, hLjg zdf{, ;';g df: s] , nIdL u'?ª, ;lrq s] ;L, gf/ fo0f of] uL, 8Da/ e08f/ L, gf/ fo0f zdf{nufot ;of} + snfsf/ x? ef/ t uPsf lyP . To;} u/ L Pstf ;dfhsf] kf7zfnfaf6 g] kfnsf] / fhgLltdf lqmofzLn g] tfx?df 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{, l8nf/ fd cfrfo{, lu/ wf/ L nfn Gof} kfg] , k|] d ;'j] bL, s] jL u'?ª, nLnf yfkf, hLjg / fgf nufot bh{gf} + x'g'x'G5 . g] kfnsf] / fli6«otf, hgtGq / hghLljsfsf] kIfdf rNg] u/ ] sf ;Dk"0f{ cfGbf] ngx?df clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg / xg] u/ ] sf] 5 . k~rfotL tfgfzfxL Joj: yf / / fhtGqsf] lj?4df rn] sf ;+3if{x?df Pstf ;dfhn] lgs} dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ef/ ts} e"lddf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] cfof] hgfdf 7"nf–7"nf k|bz{g / ;efx? ePsf lyP . To;df ef/ tLo k'ln; k|zf;gaf6 s8f bdg ePsf] clg Pstf ;dfhn] To;sf] ;fdgf u/ ] sf] Oltxf; 5 . o; l;nl;nfdf ;g\ !(*^ sf] !@ dOsf] ;+3if{n] ljz] if ?kn] P] ltxfl;s dxTj af] s] sf] 5 . !@ dO{ !(*^ sf lbg clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] cfx\jfg tyf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL ljBfyL{ ;+3, clvn ef/ t g] kfnL o'jf ;+3sf] ;xof] u, ;dy{g / ;xeflutfdf tTsfnLg k~rfotL Joj: yf cGtu{tsf] / fli6«o k~rfotsf] r'gfj alxisf/ sf] cleofgsf bf} 8fg lbNnLdf a[xt hgk|bz{g ePsf] lyof] . Tolta] nf ef/ t ;/ sf/ / k~rx?sf aLrdf ;'dw'/ ;DaGw lyof] . ;g\ !(^@ df / fhf dx] Gb|n] k~rfot l6sfpg] zt{df g] kfnsf] e"ld sfnfkfgLdf ef/ tLo ;} lgs c8\8f / fVg k|bfg u/ ] sf] gf6sLo : jLs[ltsf] u'g ef/ tn] la;] {sf] lyPg . ef/ tLo k'ln; k|zf;gn] cfd;efnfO{ t'?Gt / f] Sg cfx\jfg u¥of] . To;sf ;fy;fy} ;f] k~rfotL Joj: yf / lgjf{rg lj/ f] wL ;ef tyf k|bz{gdf / f] s nufPsf] 3f] if0ff u¥of] . ef/ tl: yt g] kfnL k|bz{gsf/ Lx?n] k|x/ L k|zf;gsf] pbL{nfO{ OGsf/ ub} { cfkm\gf] sfo{qmdnfO{ cufl8 a9fP . k|x/ Lsf] 3] / f tf] 8] / h'n'; cufl8 a9\of] . sl/ j Ps xhf/ hgfsf] pkl: yltdf cufl8 a9] sf] h'n'; dfly k|x/ Ln] nf7Lrfh{ u¥of] .

k|bz{gsf/ L / ef/ tLo k|x/ Lsf aLrdf em8k eof] . Tof] Pp6f jL/ tfk"0f{ k|bz{g lyof] . k|bz{gsf/ Lx?n] ef/ tLo k|x/ Lsf] jbL{sf] lkmtf ;d] t vf] ;] sf lyP . ;f] k|bz{gdf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf dlxnf g] t[x?n] ;zQm e"ldsf lgjf{x u/ ] sf lyP . k|bz{gdf bh{gf+} k|bz{gsf/ L 3fOt] ePsf lyP . !) hgf dlxnf;lxt (% hgfnfO{ lu/ km\tf/ u/ ] / ltxf8 h] ndf sf] r] sf] lyof] .

To;kZrft ef/ t ;/ sf/ n] ef/ tLo b08 ;+lxtf !$&, !$*, !$(, !*^, #)^, ##@, #%@, #)& / $@( sf bkmfx? nufP/ (% hgfnfO{ d'2f rnfof] . ltxf8 h] ndf Pstf ;dfhsf k|bz{gsf/ Lx?nfO{ / fhjGbLsf] Jojxf/ gu/ ] / ;L Snf;sf] l;bf lbPsf] lyof] . aGbLx?n] h] nleq} k|lzIf0f ;~rfng ug] {, gf/ f nufpg] , gfrufg ug] { u/ ] / h] nnfO{ k|lzIf0f lzlj/ h: tf] agfPsf lyP . To;kl5 ltxf8 h] ndf / x] sf g] kfnL aGbLx?sf] l/ xfOsf nflu ef/ tsf ljleGg zx/ x?df k|bz{g eP . cGtlq{mof / uf] i7Lx? ;DkGg eP . To; bf} / fgdf ef/ tsf efOrf/ f jfd kf6L{x? tyf a'l4hLjLx?sf] ;xof] u / ;dy{g / x] sf] lyof] . ef/ tsf clwsf+z kqklqsfx?n] g] kfnLx?sf] kIfdf v'n] / } ;dfrf/ ;Dk|] if0f u/ ] sf lyP . s] xL lbgkl5 w/ f} 6L / hdfgtdf k|bz{gsf/ Lx? l/ xf eP . g] kfndf ax'bnLo Joj: yf : yfkgf ePsf] jL;f} jif{kl5;Dd ;f] d'2f vf/ ] h ePsf] lyPg . nfdf] ;dosf] k|oTgkZrft dfq ;f] d'2f lgliqmo ePsf] xf] . of] Pp6f k|ltlglw pbfx/ 0f dfq xf] . clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhn] lj=;= @)$^ ;fn @)^@÷^# nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ cfGbf] ngx?df ;dy{g / ;xeflutf hgfp“b} cfPsf] 5 . e"ldut g] tfx?nfO{ ef/ tdf ;] N6/ lbg] sfd ub} { cfPsf] Oltxf; klg 5 .

To;} n] clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhn] ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx?n] g] kfnsf lgjf{rgx?df dtbfgsf] clwsf/ kfpg'k5{ eGg] dfu / fv] / ;+3if{ ub} { cfPsf 5g\ t/ clxn] ;Dd g] kfn ;/ sf/ n] ;f] clwsf/ k|bfg ug{ ;s] sf] 5} g . clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfh ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx?sf] ;fdflhs ;+u7g xf] . of] ;+u7g ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx?dfly x'g] x/ ] s cGofo, cTofrf/ sf lj?4df h'em\b} cfPsf] 5 . g] kfnLx?dfly x'g] anfTsf/ , xTof, lx+;f, 7uLsf ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;+ul7t?kdf cfjfh p7fp“b} cfPsf] 5 / Gofo lbnfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . Pstf ;dfhn] ef/ tsf j] Zofnox?df laqmL ePsf g] kfnL r] nLx?sf] p4f/ ug] {b] lv k|fs[lts k|sf] kdf k/ ] sf g] kfnLx?nfO{ ef/ t ;/ sf/ af6 Ifltk"lt{ lbnfpg] sfd ub} { cfPsf] 5 . k"jf] {Q/ ef/ tsf cf;fd, d] 3fno cflb : yfgdf g] kfnLn] ef] Ug'k/ ] sf ;d: ofx?nfO{

lnP/ Pstf ;dfhn] sfg'gL, s"6gLlts tyf / fhgLlts kxnsbdL lng] sfd ub} { cfPsf] 5 . To;f] t ef/ tLo k|zf;gn] g] kfnLl;t ;DalGwt s] xL d'2f cfOnfu] eg] Pstf ;dfhsf] / f] xj/ vf] Hg] ub{5 . To;sf/ 0f clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfh ef/ tl: yt g] kfnLx? sf aLrdf Pp6f nf] slk|o ;+: yfsf ?kdf : yflkt ePsf] b] lvG5 . o;/ L x] bf{ Pstf ;dfh ;fdflhs, / fhgLlts b'a} e"ldsfdf lqmofzLn x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] ;DaGw g] kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngl;t / x“b} cfof] . sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf klg Pstf ;dfh d"ntM g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] rf} yf] dxflwj] zgsf] wf/ ;“u ;DalGwt / x“b} cfPsf] s'/ f k|i6 5 . lj=;= @)#! ;fndf g] skfsf] rf} yf] dxflwj] zg ePsf] lyof] . ;f] dxflwj] zgn] dxfdGqL kbdf df] xg ljqmd l;+xnfO{ rog u¥of] . dxfdGqL h: tf] zLif{ : yfgdf / x] sf] JolQm k6s–k6s of} gsf08df d'l5b} hfg'eof] . kf6L{df c: j: y jftfj/ 0f l;h{gf eof] / To;n] / fhgLlts ?k lnof] . lj=;= @)$) df g] skfsf] rf} d wf/ df ljefhg eof] . lgd{n nfdf / df] xg ljqmd l;+xsf] cnu cnu kf6L{ eof] . Pstf ;dfhdf klg oxL k|Zgdf ljefhg b] vfk¥of] . lj=;= @)$! df kf“rf+} dxflwj] zg eof] . ;f] dxflwj] zgdf klg df] xg ljqmdsf] hnhnfl;tsf] k|] d k|;+u / of} gsf08n] a[xt jx;sf] ?k lnof] . kf6L{df ljefhg cfof] . Pp6f wf/ sf] g] t[Tj df] xg j} Bn] ug'{eof] eg] csf] { wf/ sf] g] t[Tj df] xg ljqmdn] ug'{eof] . df] xg j} Bn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] kf6L{sf] gfd g] skf -dzfn_ df] 6f] / df] xg ljqmdn] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] kf6L{sf] gfd g] skf -d;fn_ kftnf] n] Vg yflnof] . clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhdf klg ljefhg cfof] . df] 6f] dzfnnfO{ ;dy{g ug] [{ ;d"xnfO{ snsQ] kIf / kftnf] d;fnnfO{ ;dy{g ug] { kIfnfO{ lbNnL kIf eg] / eGg yflnof] . o;/ L df] xg ljqmdnfO{ zLif{ j} rfl/ s g] tf dfg] sf] rf} yf] dxflwj] zg wf/ df d"ntM df] xg ljqmd l;+xs} JolQmjflbtf, ;fdGtL sfo{z} nL / km/ s ljrf/ k|ltsf] 3f] / c;lxi0f'tfsf sf/ 0f kf6L{ k6s k6s km"6sf] lzsf/ eof] . tbg'?k Pstf ;dfhdf klg km'6 x'“b} cfof] . z'?df Pstf ;dfhsf] u7gdf df] xgljqmd l;+xsf] dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg eP tfklg pxf“sf] km"6k/ : t rl/ qsf] k|efj Pstf ;dfhdf klg k¥of] . km"6sf] sf/ 0f Pstf ;dfhn] klg 7"nf] Ifltsf] ;fdgf ub} { cfPsf] 5 . To;f] t sltko n] vsx?n] s= df] xg ljqmdnfO{ g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] km"6 lz/ f] dl0f eg] / klg n] Vg] u/ ] sf 5g\ . lj=;= @)&^ sf] cf7f} + dxflwj] zg df df] xg ljqmd l;+x g] t[Tjsf] d;fnn] blIf0fkGyL ;+zf] wgjfbL / sf“u|];k/:t nfOg ;dft] kl5 s= ;Gtaxf'/ g] kfnLsf] g] t[Tjdf d;fndf ljb|f] x eof] / g] skf -dzfn_ sf ?kdf k'gu{7g eof] . d;fndf g] skf -dzfn_ cyjf df] 6f] dzfnsf ?kdf k'gu{7g ePkl5 Pstf ;dfhdf klg ljb|f] x eof] . To;kl5 b] jaxfb'/ nfld5fg] sf] g] t[Tjdf clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] k'gu7{g eof] . ToxL k'gu{l7t Pstf ;dfhn] oxL ;] K6] Dj/ !), !!, !@ @)@# df cf7f+} clvn ef/ t ;Dd] ng ;DkGg u/ ] sf] 5 . ;du|df clvn ef/ t g] kfnL Pstf ;dfh ef/ tl: yt zf] lift kLl8t g] kfnL hgtfsf] 5xf/ L / r] tgf lgdf{0fsf] ljZj ljBfno tyf Pp6f hgtfsf] cbfntsf ?kdf :yflkt 5 .

t/fO{af6 kxf8 x'“Fb} lxdfnlt/ r9\b} cf}nf] ;g\ @)@% ;Dddf cf} nf] pGd"ng cyf{t : yfgLo cyf{t ;d'bfodf Ps AolQmaf6 csf{] AolQmdf ;g{] z"Godf k'¥ofpg] / cf} nf] af6 x'g] d[To[nfO{ z"Godf n} hfg] / ;g\ @)@^ df cf} nf] lgjf/ 0f ug{] nIo 5 . : yfgLo ;+qmldt @^ / ;+qmldt kf“r ;o ;g\ @)@@ df 5 / ;g\ @)!^ df tLg kl5 @)@! df Pshgfsf] dfq d[To[ ePsf] 5 . tyflk ef/ tsf] a6dnfOg ;g\ @)#) sf] 5, cf} nf] t/ fO{df sd eP klg kxf8 / lxdfnlt/ b] lvb} 5 . ljut ;ft bzs cl3;Dd ck/ fw ubf{ b08 lbg, z/ L/ g} l;l/ Ë x'g] tyf od/ fhsf] d'vdf k'Ug' a/ fa/ dflgg] t/ fO{ If] q @)!% b] lv ;/ sf/ , ljZj : jf: Yo ;+u7g / o'PgP8\;sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df a[xt cf} iflw l56\g] sfo{sf] !% jif{ kl5 cf} nf] pGd"ngsf] 3f] if0ff kZrft pa{/ ag] sf] 5 . clg t/ fO{sf] Joyf cf} nf] clxn] kxf8L IF] qdf ;/ ] sf] 5 . / f] u s] xf] < kf] yL Pgf] lkmN; nfdv'§] sf] 6f] sfOaf6 Ps dfG5] af6 csf] { dfG5] df ;g] { -k|f] 6f] hf] cg_ k|hLjf0f' ;?jf / f] u g} cf} nf] xf] . cf} nf] nfO{ c+u|] hLdf dn] l/ of cyf{t\ v/ fa xfjf eGg] ul/ G5 . sf/ 0f dflg;nfO{ ;+qmd0f u/ L cf} nf] nufpg] Ps sf] ifLo k/ hLjLdf KnfHdf] l8odsf rf/ : k] ;Lh kL=kmflN;k] / d, kL= efOe] s;, kL= cf] e] nL / kL= dn] / L kb{5g\ h;df kL=efOe] s; ;a} eGbf a9L -()% nfO{_ x'g] ;+qmfds xf] eg] kL= kmflN;k] / dn] ;a} eGbf s8f k|s[ltsf] 3fts cf} nf] / f] u nufp“5 . ;fwf/ 0ftof g] kfndf cf} nf] / f] usf b'O{ y/ Lsf k/ hLjLx? KnfHdf] l8od kmflN;k] / d / KnfHdf] 8Lod efOe] S; kfOPsf 5g\ .

cf} nf] af6 d[To' x'g] k|d'v sf/ 0f KnfHdf] l8od kmflN;k] / d xf] . cf} nf] sf] k/ hLjL–$ l8u|L ;] lN;o;df ;d] t / xg;Sg] ePsf] n] ;+qmldtn] / Qmbfg ug'{x'“b} g ;fy} ue{sf] aRrfnfO{ klg cfdfaf6 cf} nf] sf] k/ hLjL ;g{ ;S5 . ;g] { t/L sf M cf} nf] k/ hLjLsf] k|;f/ cf} nf] kLl8t JolQmaf6 : j: y JolQmdf kf] yL Pgf] lkmN; nfdv'§] sf] 6f] sfOaf6 ;b{5 t/ lhDd] bf/ tTjx?df k|;f/ s nfdv'§] -kf] yL Pgf] lkmN;sf] ¥ofndf : kf] / f] HjfO6 eP gePsf] _ pk;u{sf] e08f/ ePsf] dflg; -/ utdf Uofdf] 6f] ;fO6 eP gePsf] _ u|x0fzLn JolQmsf] pkl: ylt -k|lt/ f] wfTds zlQm gePsf] _ / pko'Qm jftfj/ 0f -tfkqmd / cfb|tf_ x'g} kb{5 . cf} nf] hLjf0f'sf] hLjgrqm cd} y'lgs -dflg;df_ / d} y'lgs -nfdv'§] df_ u/ L k"/ f x'G5 . o;/ L o;sf] hLljsf tyf ;Gtfg pTkfbgsf] nflu c? hLjx?df lge{/ x'g'kg] { ePsf] x'“bf o;nfO{ k/ hLjL elgPsf] xf] . nIf0f tyf lrGx ul/ a, ljkGg, clzlIft tyf lk5l8Psf ;d'bfodf a9L b] lvg] o; / f] uaf6 t/ fO{sf lhNnf a9L cfqmfGt 5g\ . s'n hg;+Vofsf] sl/ a &% k|ltzt dflg; cf} nf] hf] lvddf 5g\ . t'ngfTds ?kdf dlxnf eGbf k'?ifdf a9L aflx/ lx88'n ug] { ePsfn] Hofbf kfOG5 . udL{ tYff jiff{ofddf nfdv'66] a9L x'g] ePsf] n] tyf tfkqmd @) b] lv #) ;] lN;o; k'Ug] ePsf] n] / f] u a9L b] lvG5 . ;a} eGbf s8f k|s[ltsf] cf} nf] kmlN;k] / d cf} nf] sf] af/ ] df rrf{ u/ f} + . cGt/ ljsf; sfn Ps b] lv @ xKtf x'g] ub{5 . cf} nf] sf nIf0fx? b] lvg' eGbf klxn] 6fpsf] b'Vg] , xftv'§f tyf hf] gL{ b'Vg] , cN5L nfUg] , df+;k] zL b'Vg] , cf] 7df kmf] sf b] lvg] ,

ef] s gnfUg] hf8f] eP/ sDk x'g] / g/ d jf dGb Hj/ f] cfpg] x'g] ub{5 . o: tf nIf0fx? w] / } lbg;Dd / xg klg ;S5g\ .

6fpsf] c;fWo} b'Vg] , hf8f] nfu] / sDk x'g] , z/ L/ sf xf8hf] gL{x? bV'g] , lbg la/ fP/ HJf/ f] cfpg] , jfsjfsL nfUg] , jfGtf x''g] , vfgfdf c?lr x'g] , kl;gf cfP/ Hj/ f] sd x'“bf z/ L/ lxp“ h: t} lr;f] x''g] , / QmcNktfsf sf/ 0f cg'xf/ km';f] b] lvg] , slAhot xg] , lkmof] / sn] hf] ;'lGgg] cf} nf] sf] nIf0f xf] . lglZrt ;do;Dd hf8f] x'g] , udL{ x'g] , vnvNtL kl;gf cfpg] / Ps} l5gkl5 s] xL sdhf] / dx;'; eP klg k"0f{ cf/ fd ePsf] dx;'; x'g] of] / f] usf] k|d'v ljz] iftf xf] . cf} nf] sf] Hj/ f] n] PSsf;L cfqmd0f ub{5 / rf/ r/ 0fx? sDksf] cj: yf -hf8f] cj: yf_, Hj/ f] sf] cj: yf -udL{sf] cj: yf_, kl;gfsf] cj: yf / ;fdfGo cj: yf b] lvg] ub{5 . pk/ f] Qm 36gf cf7b] lv afx|306fdf k"/ f x'G5 . hl6ntfx? ;] / La|n dn] l/ of -dl: tis / f] u_ –aRrf / jo: s b'a} df sGeN;g jf a] xf] z x'g] ub{5, cf“vfsf] / ] l6gfdf / Qm>fj x'G5, cf“vfsf] ult / rfndf c;fdfGotf, bfx|f ls6\g] , a+uf/ f afpg] , d'v gvf] Ng] , ck/ df] 6/ Go'/ f] g lnhg, k] 6sf] l/ kmn] S; gb] lvg] x'g] ub{5 . cGodf cTolws / QmcNktf, lduf} {nf a] sDdf, z/ L/ df Un'sf] hsf] sdL, t/ n, On] S6«f] nfO6 / cDn– Iff/ df c;/ , kmf] S;f] df ;'hg, / Qm;~rf/ sf] cj?4, PsfPs / ut axg] , l8cfO;L, pRr Hj/ f] , lkmof] km'6\g] , ue{jtLdf cfdfsf] d[To', ue{ktg, k] 6d} aRrf dg] {, sd tf} nsf] aRrf hGdg] , pRr k/ hLjL, ulx/ f] v} / f] lk;fj x] dfUnf] ljgo'l/ of, An\ofs jf6/ lkmj/ , / ] gn km] n/ klg b] lvG5 . lk;fadf x] df] Unf] lag b] lvO{ zsdf uO{ hLjg e/ L : gfo' ;DaGwL

u 8f= k|sfz a'9fyf] sL sdhf] / L / xg] jf la/ fdLsf] d[To' x'g;S5 . efOe] S;df !@–!& lbg, cf] e] ndf !%– !* lbg, / dn] / Ldf !*–$) lbg cGt/ ljsf; sfn x'G5 . t'ngfTds?kdf k|f] 8«f] dn nIf0f dn] / Ldf s8f k|s[ltsf] x'G5 efOe] S; / cf] e] ndf Hj/ f] sf] rqm $* 306fsf] km/ s jf Pslbg la/ fP/ k|To] s t] ;|f] lbg b] lvG5 eg] dn] / Ldf &@ 306fsf] km/ s jf k|To] s rf} yf] lbgdf b] lvg] ub{5 . cGtdf, dxfdf/ L b] vfpg] cf} nf] , 8] +u', OG;] km\nfOl6; / sfnfhf/ nfdv'§] sf] 6f] sfOaf6 dfq ;b{5 . cf} nf] km} lng tyf k/ hLjLsf] ljsf; / hLjgrqm k"/ f x'g nfdv'§] / dflg; geO{ x'“b} g t;y{ / f] syfdsf pkfo eGgf;fy nfdv'§] sf] ljsf; / hLjgrqm gfz ug'{kb{5 . hLjgrqm k"/ f x'g glbg nfdv'§] sf] 6f] sfOaf6 dflg; klg hf] lug] ug'{kb{5 .

-s] Gb|Lo sf/ fuf/ c: ktfnsf k|d'v d] =;'= tyf : jf: Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf k|jQmf 8f= a'9fyf] sL g] kfn lrlsT;s ;+3sf s] Gb|Lo pkfWoIf tyf afudtL k|b] zsf cWoIf x'g'x'G5 ._

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@)*) ;fn c;f]h & ut] cfOtjf/ (Sep. 24, 2023)

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xf]6nnfO{ pBf]usf] dfGotf lbg dfu q odnfn e';fn a'6jn, ^ c;f] h . ?kGb] xLdf 7"nf xf] 6] n Joj;foLx? dfq} cfa4 5'§} gof“ ;+: yf u7g ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf xf] 6] n / / ] i6'+/ f ldl>t cfwf bh{ga9L ;+: yf lqmofzLn eP klg ko{6s: t/ / tf/ ] xf] 6nx? dfq} cfa4 lhNnfJofkL ;+: yf gePsfn] ljlzli6s[t ;+: yfsf] ?kdf sfd ug] { u/ L xf] 6n Pzf] l;P;g ckm ?kGb] xL g] kfn u7g ePsf] xf] .

Joj;foLx?sf] a'6jndf ePsf] e] nfn] Sna 8] gf] ef] sf ;~rfns k|jL0faxfb'/ kf7s cWoIf / x] sf] xf] 6n Pzf] l;P;g ckm ?kGb] xL g] kfn tby{ ;ldlt u7g u/ ] sf] xf] . xf] 6n Pzf] l;P;g g] kfn -xfg_ df cfa4 x'g] u/ L u7g ePsf] Pzf] l;P;gdf ?kGb] xLsf a'6jn, ltnf] Qdf, l;4fy{gu/ , b] jbx, ;} gfd} gf / n'lDagL ;f+: s[lts u/ L 5j6} gu/ / 5lkof If] qsf kf“rtf/ ] ;lxt sl/ a %) j6f xf] 6] n cfa4 / x] sf 5g\ . cfkm\g} hUufdf ag] sf / clwsf+z Psn nufgLsf : t/ Lo xf] 6] nx? dfq} Pzf] l;P;gdf cfa4 / x] sf 5g\ .

Pzf] l;P;gsf] pkfWoIfdf lbnLk uf} rg, dxf;lrj ljsf; kf08] , sf] iffWoIf kbd s] ;L, ;xsf] iffWoIf k|0fbf bLlIft tyf ;b: ox?df k|lj0f zfSo, „'j kf08] , zf] efv/ a~hf8] , 6] sgfy a: ofn / x] sf

5g\ . Pzf] l;P;gdf cGo xf] 6] nx? klg ylkg] qmddf / x] sf ;+: yfn] hgfPsf] 5 . xf] 6] n Joj;fonfO{ ko{6g pBf] usf] dfGotf lbnfpg k|fyldstfsf ;fy sfd ug] { kf7sn] atfpg'eof] . …pBf] usf] dfGotf gkfp“bf s/ f] 8f} +b] lv caf} {+ nufgL ePsf] Joj;fon] ;/ sf/ af6 ljB't dx;'nnufotsf s'/ fdf ;x'lnot / / fxt kfpg ;s] sf] 5} gÚ– cWoIf kf7sn] eGg'eof] – …;/ sf/ n] d'n'ssf] ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ ko{6g eGg] t/ ko{6s: t/ / tf/ ] xf] 6] nx?nfO{ pBf] usf] dfGotf lbg klg sGh': ofO“ ug{' lj8Djgf xf] .Ú sf] / f] gf dxfdf/ Lkl5 ynf k/ ] sf] xf] 6] n Joj;fo cfly{s dGbLn] yk ;+s6df k/ ] sf] t/ ;/ sf/ n] s'g} / fxt lbg g;s] sf] cWoIf kf7sn] u'gf;f] ug'{eof] . Jofj;flos Pstf / ;xsfo{ ub} { Joj;fonfO{ rnfodfg / dof{lbt agfpg ;/ sf/ ;“u gLltut

;'wf/ sf nflu kxn ug] { pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . ;/ sf/ sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd, ah] 6 lgdf{0f / ko{6g;DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0fdf xf] 6] n Pzf] l;P;gsf] k|ltlglwTj clgjfo{ u/ fpg tLg} txsf ;/ sf/ ;“u kxn ug] { Pzf] l;P;gsf] d'Vo p2] Zo / x] sf] pkfWoIf lbnLk uf} rgn] atfpg'eof] . e] nfdf ;xefuL ;+: yfsf ;Nnfxsf/ x?

Pj+ xfgsf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o uf] kfn / fgf, cu|h Joj;foL dfwj g] kfn, dx] Gb|gf/ fo0f >] i7nufotn] uf} tda'4 cGt/ f{li6«o ljdfg: yn / a'6jn cGt/ f{li6«o ;Dd] ng s] Gb| oyfzL3| ;~rfngdf Nofpg, a'6jn– gf/ fo0fu9 ;8s lgdf{0f l56f] k"/ f u/ fpg ;/ sf/ nfO{ bafa lbg'kg] { vf“rf] cf} +Nofpg'eof] . ?kGb] xLsf 7"nf xf] 6] nx? ef/ tLosf nflu ljjfx–a|taGw ko{6g -dfO; 6'l/ Hd_ sf] dfWod x'g;Sg] ePsfn] ;/ sf/ n] gLltut ;'wf/ ug{'kg] { Joj;foLsf] dfu 5 .

ANofs a] N6 %* cf} + Aofrsf] u|] l8ª t'n;Lk'/ , ^ c;f] h -o';_– g] kfn t] SjfGbf] ;+3sf] jflif{s sfo{qmdcg';f/ ANofs a] N6 %* cf} + Aofrsf] u|] l8ª zlgaf/ a] nem'08Ll: yt v] ns'b ljsf; ;ldltsf] k|f+u0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g] kfn t] SjfGbf] ;+3 bfª / n'lDagLsf] cfof] hgfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ;+3sf k|lzIfs huaxfb'/ g] kfnLn] v] nf8Lx?sf] u|] l8ª u/ fpg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd k|lzIfsx? / fs] z kl/ of/ , lj?efO{ ah|frfo{, g] kfn t] SjfGbf] ;+3 bfªsf jl/ i7 pkfWoIf ltns emf“qmL, ;b: o : jfut kl/ of/ nufotsf] / f] xj/ df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . u|] l8ªdf bfª lhNnfsf 5 hgfn] efu lnPsf lyP eg] 5 hgf g} ANofs a] N6sf nflu of] Uo ePsf] k|lzIfs g] kfnLn] atfpg'eof] . efu lng] x?df lu|; e08f/ L, ls;'sf Gof} kfg] , O6fnL xdfn, o'l/ sf xdfn, ljsf; k'g / ;Ltf jnL / xg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“x? ;a} hgf t'n;Lk'/ l: yt xfd|f] kx'“r 8f] hfªdf v] Nb} cfpg'ePsf] 5 .

uL art tyf C0f xft]dfnf] ;xsf/Lsf] ;fwf/0f;ef ;xof] ;xsf/Lsf] ;fwf/0f;ef

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . xft] dfnf] art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yf bfªsf] !$ cf} + ;fwf/ 0f;ef zlgaf/ 3f] / fxLdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+: yfsf sfo{afxs cWoIf eujtL zdf{sf] cWoIftf Pj+ lhNnf art ;+3sf cWoIf ljdn clwsf/ Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf af] Ng] jQmfx?n] z] o/ ;b: o tyf artstf{sf] / sd cg'Tkfbs If] qdf nufgL gug] { ;xsf/ Lx? ;kmn x'g] atfP . ;xsf/ Lsf] gLlt, lgod / k4lt cg';f/ grNg] ;xsf/ Ln] cljZjf; km} nfPsf] pgLx?sf] wf/ 0ff lyof] . cfkm"n] lrg] sf] sfo{;ldlt ePsf] / e/ kbf{] ;xsf/ L 5fg] / dfq} sf/ f] af/ ug{ ;'emfj lbP . rf/ hgf sd{rf/ L @% nfv %) xhf/ k"“hLaf6 z'? ePsf] ;+: yf %) s/ f] 8sf] xf/ fxf/ Ldf jf;nft / x] sf] ;+: yfsf ;lrj s] zjbLks Gof} kfg] sf] k|ltj] bgdf pNn] v 5 . pxf“sf cg';f/ ;+: yfdf b'O{ xhf/ gf} ;o &# z] o/ ;b: o 5g\ . dlxnf Ps xhf/ 5 ;o (% / k'?if Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o &* 5g\ . tYof+s cg';f/ dlxnfsf] ;xsf/ Ldf ;xeflutf pT;fxhgs 5 .

o;jif{ b] lv jflif{s !% k|ltzt Jofhb/ df 3/ fo;L ls: tfaGbL C0f lbg] sfo{qmd NofPsf] ;xsf/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . o;n] 3/ fo;L ;d: ofdf cNem] sf z] o/ ;b: ox?nfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . 3/ hUufdf cfPsf] dGbLsf sf/ 0f lwtf] d"Nof+sgdf ;'wf/ NofPsf] 5 . ;+: yfn] kf08j] Zj/ L dlGb/ df agfPsf] k|tLIffno dlGb/ Joj: yfkg ;ldltnfO{ x: tfGt/ 0f u/ ] sf] 5 . ;~rfns ;b: o >Lk|;fb >] i7sf] ;+of] hsTjdf ;b: ox? Clif/ fd l/ hfn / kz'kltnfn >] i7 ;b: o / x] sf] ;ldltn] ;fdflhs bfloTj cGtu{tsf] ;fdflhs ljsf; sf] ifaf6 pQm k|tLIffno lgdf{0f u/ ] sf] lyof] . ;+: yf / fli6«o ;xsf/ L a} +saf6 k|b] z: t/ Lo pTs[i6 sf/ f] af/ ug] {df ;Ddflgt ePsf] 5 . ;f] cj;/ df Ho] i7 gful/ s &^ jifL{o t'n;L g] kfnL, &@ jifL{o a] udaxfb'/ e08f/ LnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . o;} u/L pTs[i6 artstf{ rGb|s'df/ L vqL / aflnsf b] jsf] 6f, pTs[i6 C0fL lbkLsf u'?ª / / ] 0f' u'Ktf, ljBfyL{x? lbUbz{g jnL / ck] Iff e';fnnfO{ klg pTs[i6 c+s Nofpg] z] o/ ;b: osf ;Gtltsf ?kdf ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] .

zflGt ;dfhsf] @$ cf}+ ;fwf/0f;ef ;Nofg, ^ c;f] h -o';_– dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh ;Nofgsf] @$ cf} + ;fwf/ 0f;ef zlgaf/ vn+ufdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5. zfvfsf ;efklt ladnf jnL 8f“uLsf] ;efkltTj tyf zf/ bf gu/ kflnsfsf d] o/ k|sfz e08f/ Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly gu/ k|d'v e08f/ Ln] nf] stflGqs u0ftGq k|flKtsf nflu zflGt ;dfhn] v] n] sf] e"ldsfsf] rrf{ ub{} ;'zf;g / ;d[l4sf nflu klg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ cfu|x ug{'eof] . zflGt ;dfhsf lgjt{dfg s] Gb|Lo jl/ i7 pk;efklt ;'zLn a: g] tn] r'/ ] ;+/ If0fsf] rrf{

ug{'eof] . ;dfhsf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o t'n;L/ fd ;'gf/ / l8NnLk|;fb h} ;L, lhNnf af/ OsfO{ ;Nofgsf cWoIf l;kL jnL, zflGt ;dfh bfªsf sfo{jfxs ;efklt sf] dn l8;L, ;Nofg zfvfsf lgjt{dfg ;efklt lji0f' zdf{, dlxnf clwsf/ sdL{ d'gf xdfn, kqsf/ åo ;l/ tf rnfpg] / ;gt zdf{n] z'esfdgf dGtAo AoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;fwf/ 0f;efdf ;lrj c+u] Zj/ 8f“uLn] ;f+u7lgs k|lta] bg / sf] iffWoIf eQmaxfb'/ rGbn] cfly{s k|ltj] bg k|: t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . pk;efklt bnaxfb'/ v8\sfn] : jfut ug{'ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;lrj c+u] Zj/ 8f“uLn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

cfufdL lbgdf ;'Ts] / L e] 63f6 tyf lzz'sf] d'v x] g{] , pRr / Qmrfk tyf dw'd] xsf ljifodf ljz] if1af6 cled'vLs/ 0f u/ fpg] , pTs[i6 ;xsf/ L cjnf] sg ug] { sfo{qmd / fv] sf] 5 . ;+: yfsf] cfly{s k|ltj] bg sf] iffWoIf / fdrGb| sfsL{n] / n] vf k|ltj] bg n] vf ;'k/ Lj] If0f ;ldltsf ;+of] hs hgs zfxn] k|: t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/ df ljlzi6 cltly 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf ;xsf/ L tyf / f] huf/ k|j4{g zfvf k|d'v k|] d s] ;L, / fli6«o ;xsf/ L a} +s zfvf k|d'v l8NnL/ fh bfxfn, g] kfn art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+3sf lji0f' hf] zL, z] o/ ;b: ox? 5df k/ fh'nL, lzlz/ clwsf/ Lnufotn] z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;+: yfsf ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b: o Clif/ fd l/ hfnsf] : jfutaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;lrj s] zjbLks Gof} kfg] n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . l/ Qm kbk"lt{ o;} u/ L ;fwf/ 0f;efn] sfo{;ldltsf l/ Qm kbk"lt{ u/ ] sf] 5 . l/ Qm cWoIf kbdf eujtL zdf{nfO{ rog u/ ] sf] 5 . ;+: yfsf cWoIf s'naxfb'/ yfkfsf] lgwgkl5 pQm kb l/ Qm / x] sf] lyof] . zdf{n] sfjf eP/ rnfp“b} cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . o;} u/ L pkfWoIf kbdf Clif/ fd l/ hfnnfO{ rog ul/P sf] 5 . ;b: odf k'ikf e';fnnfO{ rog u/ L sfo{;ldltnfO{ k"0f{tf lbPsf] 5 .

olb tkfOFsf] dfG5] jf ljBfyL{x? b'AnfpFb} uPsf] 5, k9fO{df sdhf]/ x'Fb}5, cgfjZos k};f dfUg] / vr{ u5{, cfkmGtx?;Fu 6f9f x'g vf]H5, ;fFem l9nf] ;'Tg] / laxfg l9nf] p7\5 / ;du| Jojxf/ kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf] 5 eg] nfu'cf}ifwsf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf] x'g ;S5 . pQm JolQmsf] z/L/df nfu'cf}ifw ePsf] hfFr ug]{ ;fdu|Lsf] ;xof]u lnO{ 3/ jf ljBfnodf cfkm} lk;fj hfFr u/L kQf nufpg'xf];\ / nfu'cf}ifwsf] bnbnn] x'g] ljs/fn Ifltaf6 aRg'xf];\ / arfpg'xf];\ . a;Gt k'g M k|b]z ;+of]hs– n'lDagL k|b]z lk;fa k/LIf0f nfu'cf}ifw b'Jo{;g /f]syfd cleofg g]kfn ;Dks{ JolQm (*$&*#!*$(, (*)(*^))&& Email: b9847831849@gmail.com

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t'n;Lk'/ , ^ c;f] h . gful/ sx?df ;xsf/ L ;+: yfx?k|lt gsf/ fTds wf/ 0ff l;h{gf eO/ x] sf] cj: yfdf ;xof] uL art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yf lnld6] 8n] ljZj;gLo sfd ul/ / x] sf] Ps sfo{qmddf af] Ng] jQmfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;+: yfsf] !# cf} + jflif{s ;fwf/ 0f;efdf af] Nb} k|d'v cltly g] kfn art tyf C0f s] Gb|Lo ;xsf/ L ;+3 ln= -g] km\: s'g_ sf dxf;lrj bfdf] b/ clwsf/ Ln] ;xof] uL art tyf C0f ;xsf/ Ln] ;xsf/ Lsf] dd{cg'?k sfd ul/ / x] sf] lhls/ ug{eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …sltko ;xsf/ Ln] ;b: ox?sf] art ;'/ lIft ug{ g;s] sf] cj: yfdf ;xof] uLn] ;b: ox?nfO{ !% k|ltzt nfef+z / ;+/ lIft k"“hL lkmtf{sf] ifdfkm{t kf“r k|ltzt af] g; ljt/ 0f ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . To;} n] z+sf ug'{kg] { cj: yf 5} g .Ú pxf“n] ;b: ox?nfO{ lgw{Ss eP/ nufgL ug{;d] t cfu|x ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !@ sf cWoIf Pj+ ;xsf/ L tyf / f] huf/ k|j4{g ;ldltsf ;+of] hs v'zL/ fd rf} w/ L, lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+3 ln= sf ;~rfns hLjg e08f/ L, / fli6«o ;xsf/ L a} +s t'n;Lk'/ zfvf

k|d'v cho / f] sfo, ;+: yfsf ;+: yfks cWoIf / fh' s] ;L, lgjt{dfg cWoIf s0f{axfb'/ jnLnufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . ;+: yfsf cWoIf ?kaxfb'/ vqLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf pkfWoIf l8nf/ fd lji6n] : jfut dGtJo / fVg'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;lrj b'uf{k|;fb zdf{n] ;xhLs/ 0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} ;fwf/ 0f;efn] ;+: yfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf ?kaxfb'/ vqL k|fljlws ;Nnfxsf/ / xg] u/ L ;~rfns ;ldlt / n] vf ;'k/ Lj] If0f ;ldlt rog u/ ] sf] 5 . h;sf] cWoIf l8nf/ fd lji6, pkfWoIf nfnaxfb'/ s] ;L, ;lrj b'uf{k|;fb zdf{, sf] iffWoIf kxnaxfb'/ / f] sfxf / xg'ePsf] 5 eg] ;b: ox?df rGb|snL jnL, sdnfs'df/ L clwsf/ L, a] baxfb'/ s] ;L, eujtL zdf{ / dfgaxfb'/ jnL / xg'ePsf] 5 . To: t} n] vf ;'k/ Lj] If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of] hsdf bz/ y jnL / ;b: ox?df ltns/ fh jnL / ;'zLnf jnL / xg'ePsf] 5 .

Jofj;flos a|f]On/kfns ls;fgnfO{ k|lzIf0f o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . Jofj;flos a|f] On/ kfns ls;fgsf nflu 3f] / fxLdf k|lzIf0f;lxtsf] uf] i7L ul/ Psf] 5 . g] kfnsf] afof] nf] lhsn bfgf pTkfbs sDkgL Go" xf] kn] cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] uf] i7Ldf cf7hgf kf] N6«L ljz] if1 / e] 6] / ] g/ L 8fS6/ n] a|f] On/ kfns ls;fgnfO{ ljleGg ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . e] 6 g] kfnsf] ;xsfo{df ePsf] sfo{qmddf ls;fg / lj1;“usf] cGtlq{mof klg ul/ Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf Pslbg] u'0f: t/ Lo a|f] On/ rNnfsf nflu la|l8ª Joj: yfkg ;DaGwL hfgsf/ L /

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hf8f] ofddf k] 6df kfgL hd] / x'g] d[To'b/ nfO{ sd ug] {af/ ] / kf] if0f Joj: yfkg tyf u'0f: t/ Lo afof] nf] lhsn bfgfsf] dxTjaf/ ] 8f= dgf] h nfld5fg] n] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . em08} b'O{ ;o Jofj;flos a|f] On/ kfns ls;fgsf] pkl: yltdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf If] qkmn, l8«s/ , lkm8/ , k|sfz, ;f] Q/ / e] lG6n] ;g Joj: yfkgsf af/ ] df 8f= k|ltdf lji6, k|efjsf/ L vf] k tflnsf tyf h} ljs ;'/ Iffsf ljifo / ;Lcf/ 8L / cGo Zjf; k|Zjf;hGo ;d: ofsf af/ ] df 8f= ljj] s aGw' / ] UdL, ;fKtflxs Joj: yfkgsf] d"ne"t ljifox¿sf ljifodf 8f= ljho e§/ fO{, s'g} klg b'O{

n6 s'v'/ fsf] aLrdf ug{'kg] { vf] / sf] ;/ ;kmfO / lg;+qmd0fsf ljifodf 8f= v] d/ fh / f] sfofn] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf z'4 lkpg] kfgLsf] dxTj / z'l4s/ 0f ljlwsf af/ ] df 8f= ljwfg kf] v] n, udL{ofddf lx6: 6«] ;af6 x'g ;Sg] d[To'b/ nfO{ sd ug] {af/ ] 8f= / f] zg a: ofn / jiff{ofddf a|f] On/ s'v'/ fnfO{ ug{'kg] { cfjZos Joj: yfkgsf ljifodf 8f= lg/ h zdf{n] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . 8f= dgf] h nfld5fg] sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f Go" xf] ksf klZrd g] kfn Pl/ of Dofg] h/ 8f= ljj] s aGw' / ] UdLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

gd:t] aaO{ ;xsf/Lsf] ;fwf/0f;ef o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . gd: t] aaO{ art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yf bfªsf] @# cf} + ;fwf/ 0f;ef zlgaf/ 3f] / fxLdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+: yfsf cWoIf cGhgs'df/ kf} 8] nsf] cWoIftf Pj+ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf pkd] o/ x'df l8;Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf clxn] sf] cj: yfnfO{ d"Nof+sg u/ ] / gd: t] / aaO{ ;xsf/ L dh{ u/ ] sf] eGb} jQmfx?n] ;~rfnssf] k|z+;f u/ ] sf lyP . l;i6ddf rn] sf ;xsf/ Ln] / fHonfO{ ;fy lbg] u/ ] sf] k|d'v cltly pkd] o/ l8;Ln] atfpg'eof] ] . …hDdf ePsf] / sd slt / sxf“ vr{ eof] eg] / z] o/ ;b: on] x] g{ h?/ L 5Ú– pkd] o/ l8;Ln] eGg'eof] – …;xsf/ L ;+: yfn] klg dgdhL{ vr{ ug{ ldNb} g .Ú pxf“n] ;xsf/ L ;+: yfsf cWoIf Joj: yfks lrg] / dfq} k} ;f art ug{ z] o/ ;b: ox?nfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ hyfefjL k} ;f hDdf u/ ] df x/ fpg] hf] lvd 5 . ;xsf/ Lx? 8'a] sf, efu] sf / 8'Ab} u/ ] sf ;dfrf/ x? cfO/ x] sfn] ;r] t x'g'k5{ .Ú clxn] Ps xhf/ cf7 ;o !) hgf / x] sf z] o/ ;b: o o; jif{ b'O{ xhf/ tLg ;o &) k'¥ofpg] nIo / x] sf] ;lrj OGb|axfb'/ a'9fyf] sLsf] k|ult k|ltj] bgdf pNn] v 5 . k'/ fgf

C0fL ;b: ox?;“u 5nkmn u/ L c;'nLsf] jftfj/ 0fnfO{ tLa|tf lbg] , nlIft ju{nfO{ ;xsf/ Ldf cfj4 ug{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd rnfpg] , ;'Ts] / L z] o/ ;b: o / gof“ a'xf/ L e] 63f6 sfo{qmd rnfpg] , : s'n tyf 6f] nx?df k'u] / art ug{ l;sfpg] / afnart u/ L artsf] afgL a;fNg] nufotsf sfo{qmd 5g\ . cfly{s k|ltj] bg sf] iffWoIf / f] a/ axfb'/ / fjtn] / n] vfk/ LIf0f k|ltj] bg ;+of] hs ;'lgn / ] UdLn] k|: t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To; cj;/ df z] o/ ;b: o tkm{sf Ho] i7 gful/ s nLnfaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . o;} u/ L pTs[i6 b} lgs artstf{ ;Ltf 3tL{ / ;'lgtf rf} w/ LnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . dlxnf v'nf arttkm{ cr{gf >] i7 / dlxnf arttkm{ ;Demgf lu/ LnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . lgoldt dfl;s

arttkm{ a[h] z rf} / fl;of / zf] eaxfb'/ 3tL{nfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . afn artdf cfo'if b;f} bL / sfJof zdf{nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . ;~rf/ tkm{ / fhdfu{ cgnfOgsf bLks hLPdnfO{ sb/ kq tyf bf] ;Nnfn] ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] eof] . ;+: yfsf pkfWoIf sf] dnaxfb'/ a: g] tsf] : jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;xsf/ L ;+3sf n] vf ;ldlt ;+of] hs x'dnfn e';fn, lhNnf art ;+3sf cWoIf ljdn clwsf/ L, / fli6«o ;xsf/ L a} +ssf zfvf k|d'v l8NnL/ fh bfxfn, g] kfn art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+3sf lkmN8 sfof{no k|d'v lji0f' hf] ;Lnufotn] z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;xsf/ L ;+: yfsf ;lrj OGb|axfb'/ a'9fyf] sLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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xfd|f] xnjf/] cfrfo{ ;dfh, bfªsL jof]a[4 ;b:o t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf jf8{ g+= $ xnjf/ lgjf;L tf/fb]jL cfrfo{ sf] @)*) cflZjg ! ut] *@ jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos b'Mvb lgwgaf6 xfd|f] xnjf/] cfrfo{ ;dfh Jolyt ePsf] 5 . zf]ssf] o; If0fdf zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub}{ lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lzj;fo'Hosf nflu >L kz'kltgfy;Fu k|fy{gf ub{5f}+ . >j0fs'df/ cfrfo{ k|f= n]vgfy cfrfo{ ;lrj cWoIf 3f]/fxL, bfª -3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]s dx/f k]6«f]n kDkaf6 leqhfg] uNnLdf_

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_

Pj+ xnjf/] cfrfo{ ;dfh kl/jf/

bfª

CMYK

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@)*) ;fn c;f]h & ut] cfOtjf/ (Sep. 24, 2023)

bfª lhNnf x'nfs b g+= #÷)%%–)%^

b]jLkf6g kbofqfdf d'VodGqL hfg] o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf b] pv'/ L, ^ c;f] h . k/ fk"j{sfnb] lv x'“b} cfPsf] uf] / If kfq b] jtf l;4 / Tggfy b] jL kf6g ofqfnfO{ of] jif{ eAo agfOg] ePsf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] ljz] if kxndf of] jif{ P] ltxfl;s l;4 / Tggfy b] jL kf6g dxfofqf x'g] ePsf] 5 . cfufdL r} t dlxgfdf x'g] ofqfsf] k|f/ lDes tof/ L z'? ul/ Psf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ L uf] / Ifkfq b] jtf l;4 / Tggfy b] jLkf6g ofqfdf ;xefuL x'g'x'g] ePsf] 5 . k|To] s jif{ kmfu'g dlxgfsf] PsfbzLdf gof“ kL/ km] l/ g] , kmfu' k"l0f{dfsf] dWo/ ftdf l;4 / Tggfy dlGb/ af6 kfqb] jtf lnP/ ef/ tsf] b] jLkf6gsf] ofqf z'? x'g] ub{5 . ;f] xL rngcg';f/ of] jif{ d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ L : jo+ kbofqfdf lg: sg] sfo{qmd 5 . pxf“;“u} kf“r ;osf] ;+Vofdf kbofqL / xg] 5g\ . of] dxfofqfnfO{ n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] k|b] z uf} / jsf] of] hgfsf] ?kdf cl3 ;f/ ] sf] 5 . ut ebf} !$ ut] l;4/ Tggfy dlGb/ rf} 3] / fdf n'lDagL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ Lsf] ljz] if pkl: yltdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] pQm lg0f{o u/ ] sf] xf] . dxfofqfnfO{ Jojl: yt / k|efasf/ L agfpg n'lDagL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ Lsf] ;+/ IfsTj / xg] u/ L &% ;b: oLo d"n cfof] hs ;ldlt u7g ul/ Psf] 5 .

3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!& rf} 3] / fdf cjl: yt uf] / Ifkfq b] jtf l;4/ Tggfy / ef/ tsf] b] jLkf6gaLrsf] P] ltxfl;s ;DaGw, g] kfn / ef/ t aLrsf] wfld{s / ;f+: s[lts dxTjsf] af/ ] df hfu/ 0f km} nfpg'sf ;fy}

;+ljwfgsf]===

uf] kfns[i0f l3ld/ ] n] hUuf lvrnf] d'2fdf Pdfn] sf+u|] ; eg] / g5'6\ ofpg] sfg'g Joj;foLnfO{ s;} sf] eft[ ;+u7g aGg h?/ L gePsf] atfpg'eof] . …of] xfdLn] NofPsf] ;+ljwfg xf] o;nfO{ kl/ dfh{g ug] { bfloTj xfd|f] xf] Ú– cWoIf l3ld/ ] n] eGg'eof] – …of] ;+ljwfg cGTo ug'{k5{ eg] / nfu] sf 5g\ . xfdLx? ;+ljwfg ;+zf] wg ug'{k5{ eg] / nfu] sf 5f} + .Ú pxf“sf cg';f/ of] ;+ljwfgsf] / Iff ug] { bfloTj sfg'g Joj;foLsf] xf] . ;a} Psh'6 x'gk5{ . k} ;fsf nflu dfq} jlsn ag] sf] ] xf] Og . a] i6 no/ aGg'; GofofwLz aGg] af6f] cfkm} aG5 . GofofwLz lgo'lQmsf nflu af/ sf] g] t[Tj ePsf] xf] Og . v'aL b] vfpg] GofofwLz aGg';\ hflu/ vfg xf] Og . jlsnaf6 GofofwLz ag] sf s] xL Gofod"lt{ aGg ;s] gg\ l;+uf] jlsnsf] lz/ lgx'/ fpg] agfP . b'O{ rf/ jif{ hflu/ sf nflu GofofwLzsf nfnr gug{ pxf“n] cfu|x ug'{eof] . csf{ ljlzi6 cltly l8PnPsf k"j{cWoIf ob'gfy vgfnn] sfg'g Joj;foLnfO{ ;f] ;n OlGhlgo/ aGg cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ d'2f

wfld{s ;b\efj / b'O{ b] zaLrsf] P] ltxfl;s / ;f+: s[lts ;DaGwnfO{ yk dha't agfpg of] jif{ dxfofqf cfof] hgf ug{ yflnPsf] cfof] hs ;ldltsf ;b: o ;lrj 8f= uf] ljGb cfrfo{n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . bfª lhNnfaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{'ePsf ;+3Lo ;f+;b, dGqL, k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf dGqL, ;f+;b / cGo lj1 af} l4s AolQmTjnfO{ ;Nnfxsf/ ;b: o rog ul/ Psf] 5 . ;Nnfxsf/ x?df ;'rgf k|ljlw tyf ;~rf/ dGqL / ] vf zdf{, ;f+;bx? d] 6dl0f rf} w/ L, d] gsf kf] v|n;lxt cGo / xg' ePsf] 5 . o;} aLr zlgaf/ uf] / Ifkfq b] jtf l;4 / Tggfy d7sf d7fwLz of] uL a|Dxgfysf] cWoIftfdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] ljleGg pk;ldltx? u7g u/ ] sf] 5 . h;cGtu{t anb] j of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf cy{ Aoj: yfkg pk;ldlt, lx/ fgfy of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf oftfoft Aoj: yfkg pk;ldlt, tf] ogfy of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf emf“sL Aoj: yfkg pk;ldlt / k|sfz of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf : jf: Yo : jo+;] js

x] bf{ jlsnn] slxNo} klg kmnfgf] kf6L{sf] eGb} g . sfg'g cg';f/ ax; k} / jL u5{ . To;} n] jlsn s'g} bnsf] x'“b} g . …s'g} bnk|lt cf: yf / fV5f} +Ú– k"j{cWoIf vgfnn] eGg'eof] – …t/ xfdL / fhgLlts JolQm xf] Ogf} + .Ú pxf“n] ef/ t / g] kfnsf] km} ;nf ;d] t bf“Hg g;Sg] / GofofwLzlkR5] km/ s km} ;nf ug] { sfdn] Gofo If] q lgs} ckm\7] / f] / cljZj;gLo ag] sf] jtfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ sltko km} ;nfn] lz/ em'S5 / Gofokflnsfk|lt g} l3g nfUg] eO;s]sf] 5 . GofofwLzn] cfb] zdf a'l4 ljj] ssf] k|of] u ePsf] b] lvb} g . cfb] zx? / fv] / GofofwLz;“u 5nkmn ug{ cfjZos 5 . sfg'g Joj;foLx? jlsnsf] ?kdf ax; / lkm/ fbkqdf dfq} ;Lldt / xg gx'g] jQmfx?sf] egfO lyof] . pgLx?n] bfªdf l8PnPdf s'g} dgd'6fj g/ x] sf] atfP . ltQmtf gePsfn] clxn] nf] stGqsf ;Rrf kx/ ] bf/ sf ?kdf v8f x'g ;xh jftfj/ 0f ePsf] atfP . ;f] cj;/ df ;lrj gf/ fo0fk|;fb 8f“uLn] ;+: yfsf] k|ult k|ltj] bg / sf] iffWoIf ;'zLnf lu/ Ln] cfly{s k|ltj] bg k] z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf l8PnPsf n'lDagL k|b] z ;+of] hs

ljz]if1 8fS6/L ;]jf ca cleifs] d]l8sn :6f;] { 3f/] fxLdf oxfF jl/i7 ljz]if1 8fS6/x?åf/f lgDgcg';f/sf] ljz]if1 ;]jf k|bfg eO/x]sf]n] r]shfFr u/fO{ k'/fgf]eGbf k'/fgf] /f]ux?sf] pkrf/ u/fpg'xf];\ .

5fnf tyf of}g /f]u ljz]if1åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M skfn emg]{, rfofF, bfb, vl6/f, tfn'kg, bfu, 8l08kmf]/, sfnf] kf]tf], kmf]sf, b'aL, ;f]/fOl;;, PnhL{, d';f, sf]7L, dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf nfUg] wft', le/+uL, ;]S;df sdhf]/Lkg . dfgl;s tyf g;f /f]u ljz]if1åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M 6fpsf] b'Vg], lgb|f gnfUg], a]xf]; x'g], 5f/]/f]u, l8k|]zg, tgfj, la;{g] afgL / lbdfu;DaGwL ;a} /f]u, of}g b'a{ntf, hfF8 /S;L nfu"kbfy{ 5'6fpg] tyf g;f;DaGwL ;a} /f]ux? . sG;N6]G6 hg/n ;h{gåf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M xfO8«f]l;n, xlg{of, Pk]l08S;, kfoN;, df;' knfPsf], :tgsf] ufF7fu'7L, c08sf]if ;'lGgPsf], kTy/L, ck|]zg ;DalGwt ;a} /f]u / ulx/f] 3fpdf 6fFsf nufpg] jf 6fFsf sf6\g] . :qL /f]u ljz]if1åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of}gfª\udf vl6/f cfpg], lrnfpg], lkk cfpg], dlxgfjf/L u8a8L, dlxgfjf/L /f]lsPsf], :qL of}g /f]ux?, ue{ g/xg], kf7]3/sf] ;d:of tyf :qL;DaGwL ;a} /f]ux? . sG;N6]G6 lkmhLl;ogåf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M ;'u/, k|];/, yfO/fO8, 5ftL, d'6', k]6, ;g]{ tyf g;g]{ /f]ux? / d]l8l;g ;DalGwt ;a} /f]ux? . kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ul/G5 .

cleif]s d]l8sn :6f];{

sM{ ;Dk 3f]/fxL– !% afndlGb/ rf]s -afndlGb/sf] ;fd'Gg]_

pk;ldlt u7g ul/ Psf] 5 . zLtn e';fnsf] ;+of] hsTjdf ef] hg cfjf; pk;ldlt, nLnf zfxsf] ;+of] hsTjdf k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldlt, anb] j of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf ;/ ;kmfO dd{t ;'wf/ pk;ldlt, ;'/ ] z of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf : jo+;] js pk;ldlt u7g ul/ Psf] 5 . k|fWofks 8f= lzjs'df/ ;'j] bLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf cWoog ;Dkfbg tyf k|sfzg pk;ldlt / 8f= ef] nfgfy of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf cltly ;Tsf/ pk;ldlt u7g ul/ Psf] 5 . df] xg of] uLsf] ;+of] hsTjdf ehg dG8nL pk;ldlt u7g ul/ Psf] 5 . a} 7skl5 cfof] lht sfo{qmddf af] Ng] jQmfx?n] wfld{s ;b\efj a9fpg / P] ltxfFl;s ;Dkbf / ;+: s[ltsf] hu] gf{sf nflu dxfofqf sfo{qmd lgs} nfebfoL x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf 8f= ef] nfgfy of] uL, gf/ fo0fgfy of] uL, ndxL gu/ kflnsfsf pkk|d'v nIdL of] uL, 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf pk–k|d'v x'df l8;Lnufotn] dGtJo JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

Pj+ s] Gb|Lo pkfWoIf lji0f'k|;fb lwtfn, jl/ i7 clwjQmf efg'eQm lwtfn, l8PnPsf dxf;lrj 1fg] Gb|k|;fb clwsf/ L, ;lrj k"0f{k|;fb j: g] t, s] Gb|Lo ;b: o ls/ 0f kf} 8] n, lg asf s] lGb|o ;b: o lgd{n uf} td, l8PnP pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ sf cWoIf zflns/ fd / ] UdL, lhNnf af/ OsfO{ cWoIf d'/ nL l3ld/ ] , l8lkPnPsf cWoIf clhts'df/ cfrfo{, clvn g] kfn sfg'g Joj;foL ;+3sf g'dfgGb cfrfo{, cf/ kLPnPsf cWoIf lgd{n uf} tdnufotn] z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . l8PnPsf pkfWoIf e/ tdl0f Gof} kfg] n] : jfut ug'{ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;lrj gf/ fo0fk|;fb 8f“uLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

cfly{s===

eGg'eof] – …of] b] zs} ;femf ;d: of xf] . of] ;d: ofaf6 kf/ kfpg ;xsfo{ u/ f} + .Ú pxf“n] o'jfx?nfO{ pBddf hf] 8\g h?/ L / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . ;Ifd hgzlQm ljb] z knfog x'g] jf u/ fpg] k|j[lQn] klg ;d: of lglDtPsf] eGb} oxL+ s] xL ug{ ;lsG5

eGg] s'/ fnfO{ ;a} n] an ug'{kg] { rf} w/ Ln] atfpg'eof] . …s'v'/ f, ufO{, e} +;L kfng ug] { jf s[lif sd{ ug] {nfO{ cleefjs cfkm} n] s] xL sfd ub} {g, 8'n] / vfPsf] 5 eGb} lbgx'“ xsfg] { ul/ G5Ú– rf} w/ Ln] eGg'eof] – …s[lif sd{nfO{ xfdLn] sfd, sdfO dfGb} gf} + . s] xL u5'{ eg] / nfu] sfnfO{ cleefjsn] g} ha/ h: tL ljb] z k7fpg afWo kf/ ] sf 5f} + clg s;/ L x'G5 pGglt <Ú gu/ k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] o'jfx?nfO{ oxL+ pBddf hf] l8gsf nflu k|f] T;fxg ug{ : yfgLo ;/ sf/ tof/ / x] sf] t/ ;dfhdf pBd ug{ rfxg] o'jfx?nfO{ jftfj/ 0f gag] sf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/ df af] Nb} g] kfn pBf] u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf n'lDagL k|b] z cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb zdf{n] cbIftfn] klg Joj;foL knfog x'g] cj: yf cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . ;Lk, bIftf g} geO{ c?n] u/ ] sf] b] v] / Jofkf/ df xft xfNg] clg ljb] zaf6 sdfP/ NofPsf] / sd;d] t 8'afP/ km] l/ ljb] z knfog x'g] cj: yfn] Joj;fodf bf] xf] / f] ;d: of lgDTofPsf] atfpg'eof] . …;Lk

cToGt h?/L ;"rgf Û

jl/i7 k]6, cfGb|f, sn]hf] /f]u ljz]if1 lq=lj= lzIf0f c:ktfn dxf/fhu~h sf7df8f}+af6 cWoog tyf cg'ej k|fKt jl/i7 lkmlhl;og Pj+ jl/i7 k]6, cfGb|f, sn]hf] /f]u ljz]if1 8f= c?0f 1jfnL bfªdf klxnf] k6s oxL c;f]h !# ut] zlgjf/ xfd|f] l;4fy{ kf]lnlSnlgs 3f]/fxL xl:k6ndf cfp“Fb} x'g'x'G5 .

pkrf/ x'g] /f]ux?M v :jf; ugfpg]÷jfs jfsL nfUg] v vfgf ckr x'g] v d'vdf cldnf] kfgL cfpg] v vfgf lgNbf ufx|f] x'g] v k]6 tyf 5ftL kf]Ng] / b'Vg] v vfgf kl5 k]6 b'Vg] jf km'Ng] v hlG8;÷sn]hf] ;'lgg]÷kfoN; tyf lk;/ pkrf/ v k'/fgf] eGbf k'/fgf] Uof:6«Ls cN;/

v O;f]km]unf e]/L;]h v cNsf]xf]lns, gg\ cNsf]xf]lns km\ofl6 lnu/ tyf lne/ l;/f]l;; v Koflgqmofh tyf lkQ y}nLsf] ;+qmd0f tyf SofG;/ v Uof:6«f] O;f]km]un l/km\nS; l8lhh (GERD) v OGkmnfd]6f]/L aj]n l8lhh (IBD) v Ol/6]jn aj]n l;G8«f]d (IBS) v k]lK6s cN;/ l8lhh v OG8f]:sf]lk v sf]nf]gf]:sf]lk

;Dks{M l;4fy{ kf]lnlSnlgs

xl:k6n nfOg 3f]/fxL–!%, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^#&(%÷(*%&*@^!@( kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

bfªsf k|bLk Sofgsf] ;b:o lgjf{lrt 3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h -o';_– g] kfn lqms] 6 ;+3 -Sofg_ sf] ;b: odf bfªsf k|bLk dhu} of“ lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . lqms] 6 ;+3 bfªsf cWoIf;d] t / xg' ePsf dhu} of“ n'lDagL k|b] zsf] tkm{af6 zlgaf/ Sofgsf] ;b: odf lglj{/ f] w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] xf] . o;} u/ L Sofgsf] cWoIfdf k'gM rt'/ axfb'/ rGb lglj{/ f] w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;+3sf] pkfWoIfdf / f] zg l;+x / sf] iffWoIfdf s0ff{nL k|b] z lqms] 6 ;+3sf cWoIf kbd v8\sf lglj{/ f] w lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . dlxnf ;b: odf hoGtL e§{ lglj{/ f] w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;b: o kbdf s0ff{nLsf >Lw/ s] ;L ;j{;Ddt rog x'g'eof] .

Sofgsf] ;lrjdf g] kfnL lqms] 6 6f] nLsf k"j{sKtfg kf/ ; v8\sf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . zlgaf/ ePsf] lgjf{rgdf sfo{jfxs ;lrj k|zfGtljqmd dNn / v8\sfaLr k|lt: kwf{ ePsf] lyof] . s'n *% dtbftf / x] sfdf kf/ ;n] $* / k|zfGtn] #& dt kfpg'eof] . ;lrjdf lgjf{lrt v8\sf afudtL k|b] zsf] lqms] 6 ;+3sf] cWoIf klg x'g'x'G5 . geP/ cfkm" t 8'Aof] –8'Aof] p;s} sf/ 0fn] / fd|} rn] sf To: t} Joj;fo klg 3f6fdf k'Ug] cj: yf cfof] Ú– zdf{n] eGg'eof] – …Joj;fosf nflu bIftf klg plQs} cfjZos 5 . a'em] / Joj;fo u/ f} + .Ú o: t} bfª pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k"j{cWoIf dw';"bg j} Bn] w/ f;foL ePsf] Joj;fonfO{ psf: g] vfnsf] g] t[Tj rog ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . bnLo?kdf ljeQm x'g] sfdn] Joj;foL cfkm} nfO{ ;d: of kg] { eGb} Joj;foLsf] g] t[Tj rog ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . bnsf] kl5 gnfuf} +, a} +ssf] Jofh bnn] ltlb{Ggg\ . pxf“n] xfdL cfkm} n] ltg'{k5{ To;} n] xfd|f] g] t[Tj, ;Ifd g] t[Tj klg xfdLn] g} r'gf} + eGg'eof] . bfª pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf 6+sl;+x a'9fyf] sLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf t'n;Lk'/ pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf / fdk|;fb rfln;] , u} +8fsf] 6 pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf bLks ;fksf] 6f, / fKtL pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ;'/ h v8\sf, xfk'/ ] pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf 6Lsf/ fd vqL, 3f] / fxL vfg] kfgL tyf ;/ ;kmfO pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf b] jLaxfb'/ l8;L, g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfªsf cWoIf b'uf{nfn s] ;Lnufotn] z'esfdgf JoQm

38]/L laqmLdf

bf]3/]l:yt t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;efxn;Fu ;6]sf] * ld6/ df]x8f / !& ld6/ lk5jf8 ePsf] cfsif{s 38]/L laqmLdf ePsf]n] OR5's JolQmn] t'= ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . ;Dks{ g+=M

(*@@()##(*

;'s'Djf;LnfO{ df}sf a:g / v]tL ug{ pko'Qm lr;f] xfjfkfgL ePsf] ndxL g=kf=–! l;tnfk'/df /x]sf] ! laufxf !) s6\7f hUufdf v]tL ug]{ cfkm} vfg] / cGo s]xL zt{df v]tL ug]{ d]xgtL ls;fgn] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . ;Dks{M (*%&*$)@$! /fw]Zofd u'Ktf

kmf]g g+= (*$&(%&!(#, (*!@**()@*

bfªsf tLg kqsf/ k'/:s[t Pj+ ;Ddflgt o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, ^ c;f] h . k|] ; sfplG;n g] kfnn] cfk\mgf] %$ cf} + jflif{sf] T;jsf cj;/ df bfªsf tLghgf kqsf/ x?nfO{ k'/ : s[t Pj+ ;Ddflgt u/ ] sf] 5 . g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf pbo hLPdnfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k|] ; rf} tf/ L bfªsf cWoIf OGb| l8;L / k|] ; ;] G6/ bfªsf cWoIf kf08jk|;fb zdf{nfO{ k'/ : s[t u/ ] sf] xf] . zlgaf/ / fhwfgLdf cfof] lht sfo{qmddf hLPdnfO{ / fi6«klt / fdrGb| kf} 8] nn] ;Ddfgkq k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] k|] ; sfplG;n lqmofzLn kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ l8;L / zdf{nfO{ ;"rgf

k|x/Lsf]=== sfof{Gjogdf nfUg';\ .Ú clxn] k|x/ Lleqsf ;a} ultljlwdf kf/ blz{tf ckgfPsf] atfp“b} pxf“n] x/ ] s gful/ sn] klg clwsf/ ;“u} st{Jo klg kfngf ug'{kg] {df hf] 8 lbg'eof] . bfªaf6 gbLhGo kbfy{sf ultljlwsf a9L u'gf;f cfPsf] atfp“b} pxf“n] s'g} klg bafadf u} / sfg'gL sfd g] kfn k|x/ Laf6 gx'g] k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] . …k|x/ Ln] PSn} sfd ug{ ;Sb} g . ;dfhsf] ;xof] ud} ;dfhdf zflGt ;'/ Iff, cdgr} g / fVg k|x/ L ;Ifd x'G5 . k|x/ LnfO{ x/ ] s gful/ ssf] ;xof] u rflxG5 . gful/ sn] sfg'gsf] ;xof] u ug'{ st{Ao klg xf] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …k|x/ L PSn} sf] sfd 5} g . k|x/ LnfO{ ;'/ Iff rflxG5 . ;dfhsf] ;xof] u rflxG5, cf8 e/ f] ;f rflxG5 . xfdLn] ;d'bfo k|x/ L ;fem] bf/ Lsf] s'/ f o; sf/ 0f g} u/ ] sf 5f} + .Ú pxf“n] ;d'bfo k|x/ L ;] jfnfO{ k|efjsf/ L agfpg] , nfu"cf} ifw lgoGq0fdf k|efjsf/ L sbd rfNg] tyf ;r] tgfsf sfo{qmd tNnf] tx;Dd} n} hfg'kg] {, cfTdxTof / f] syfdsf sfo{qmd k|efjsf/ L agfpg'kg] { tyf 6«flkms ;r] tgfsf sfo{qmd klg tNnf] tx;Dd} n} hfg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f dxf;lrj dx] Gb| a'9fyf] sLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . bfª pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] gof“ g] t[Tj rogsf nflu c;f] h !# ut] dtbfg x'“b} 5 . :6'8]06;Fu l8k]G8]G6 le;f jf :6'8]08 le;f, lelh6 le;f, :kf]G;/ le;fdf ci6«]lnof, o'/f]k, Sofg8f hfg OR5'sx?n] ;Dk"0f{ 8s'd]G6];g cgnfOg leiff cKnfO{ tyf cgnfOg 8]6 a'lsªsf nflu xfdLnfO{ ;Dks{ ug'[{xf]nf . ;Dks{ M (&^!&&@)^&

Web: www.rec.edu.np, Email: info@rec.edu.np

gf]6M l8Knf]df Og sDKo'6/ Ol~hlgol/ª, cldg, l;len / On]lS6«sn k9\g OR5's ljBfyL{x?n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

;~rf/ sdL{ k'/ : sf/ kqsf/ åo ;fu/ kl08t / r"8fdl0f e§/ fO{nfO{ tyf k|] ; sfplG;n cfrf/ ;+lxtf k'/ : sf/ r] i6f ;fKtflxs, / fddl0f bfxfn / dfwjl;+x wfdLnfO{ k|bfg ul/ Psf] 5 . o: t} k|] ; sfplG;n lqmofzLn kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ !^ hgf kqsf/ nfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . k|] ; sfplG;n dlxnf ;zQmLs/ 0f kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ kqsf/ kljqf ;'gf/ , ejfgL clwsf/ L, tf/ f rfkfufO{+, b'uf{ cfrfo{, ?kf l3ld/ ] / uugzLnf v8\sfnfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . k|] ; sfplG;n ;dfj] zL kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ ;Gtf] if l;+x, dgs'df/ ubfn, zld{nf a'9fyf] sL, l/ t] z lqkf7L, / hgL of] uL, ljgf] b kl/ of/ , lkm/ f] h l;l2sLn] k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 .

hgtfn] cg'e"lt ug{] u/L sfd u5f}{+ M df:sL o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

;Daf] wg ub{} pxf“n] hgtfn] dt lbP/ ljho agfPkl5 cfkm" dGqL ePsf] pNn] v ub} { hgtfsf] dfu cg'¿k sfd ug{] atfpg'eof] . hgtf;“u dfcf] jfbL ljz] if ¿kfGt/ 0f cleofgcGtu{t pxf“n] xfn e|i6frf/ la?4sf] cleofgcGtu{t ufp“–ufp“df dfcf] jfbLn] sfo{qmd ul/ / x] sf] eGb} o;df hgtfn] ;fy lbg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . zlgaf/ b+uLz/ 0f–^ sf] ykufp“, afu/ , zflGtgu/ –% sf] / u} +rfnufotsf sfo{qmdnfO{ dGqL df: sLn] ;Daf] wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

t'n;Lk'/ , ^ c;f] h . n'lDagL k|b] zsf cy{dGqL tyf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o wgaxfb'/ df: sLn] hgtfn] cg'e"lt ug{] u/ L ljsf; ug{] atfpg'ePsf] 5. pxf“n] clxn] w] / } of] hgfx¿ ;dfj] z u/ ] sf] / af“sL / x] sf of] hgfsf] sfd cfkm\gf] sfo{sfndf k"/ f ug{] atfpg'eof] .

To;sf nflu hgtfn] ;fy lbg'kg{] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . klZrd bfªdf ePsf ljleGg sfo{qmdnfO{

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3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf–!^ ;fgL cDafk'/ ;/f{, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^@^)!, (*%&*#!^*%, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#&@%%

tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdGqL / ] vf zdf{n] k'/ : sf/ k|bfg ug'{eof] . k|] ; sfplG;nn] / fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldltsf sfo{sf/ L cWoIf wd] {Gb| emf, kqsf/ x¿ s[i0f clwsf/ L, ljho rfln;] , s'nrGb| jfUn] , uug lji6, / fhg sfsL{, g/ ] Gb|h+u lk6/ , / fh' l;njfn, / d] z t'kmfg, dgdf] xg : jf“/ , / ljGb| l3ld/ ] , s] bf/ e§/ fO{, df] tL kf} 8] n, / d] z kf} 8] n / / fhs'df/ sfsL{nfO{ ;Ddfg u/ ] sf] xf] . of] jif{sf] k|] ; sfplG;n uf] kfnbf; kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ kqsf/ lgd{nf zdf{nfO{ tyf k|] ; sfplG;n ;'/ ] Gb|axfb'/ a: g] t kqsfl/ tf k'/ : sf/ kqsf/ bdg / fO{nfO{ k|bfg ul/ Psf] 5 . k|] ; sfplG;n ;zQm

;'j0f{ cj;/

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www.nayayougbodh.com/E-mail: yougbodh@gmail.com

;'lgn:d[lt ufpFkflnsf, kmf]g )*^–$)!!%@ Od]nM ssrm@sunilsmritimun.gov.np, j]a;fO6M sunilsmritimun.gov.np ;'lgn:d[lt ufpFkflnsfl:yt n'+u|L, df8L, kmufdnufot vf]nfx?sf] ljleGg :yfgx?af6 lbuf] / jftfj/0f d}qL?kn] 9'+uf, lu§L tyf afn'jf -gbLhGo kbfy{_ pTvgg tyf ;+sng sfo{ ug]{ ;'lgn:d[lt ufFpkflnsf, /f]Nkf, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn

dfly pNn]lvt k|:tfjsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f tof/L ug]{ qmddf ;f] If]qsf] k|fs[lts ef}lts k|0ffnL, h}ljs k|0ffnL, ;fdflhs k|0ffnL, ;fF:s[lts k|0ffnL / cfly{s k|0ffnL aLr s] s:tf] k|efj kb{5 elg olsg ug{ ;f] :yfgsf] gu/kflnsf÷ufpFkflnsf -x?_ tyf To; If]qsf ljBfno, c:ktfn, :jf:Yorf}sL tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] lnlvt /fo ;'emfj lng cfjZos ePsf]n] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] ;ft -&_ lbgleq lgDg 7]ufgfdf cfOk'Ug] u/L lnlvt /fo ;'emfj pknAw u/fO{ lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . /fo ;'emfjsf] nflu kqfrf/ ug]{ 7]ufgfM k|:tfjssf] gfd / 7]ufgfM ;'lgn:d[lt ufpFkflnsf, kmf]g )*^–$)!!%@ Od]nM ssrm@sunilsmritimun.gov.np j]a;fO6M sunilsmritimun.gov.np

k/fdz{bftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgfM u|fG8 l/;r{ ;]G6/ k|f=ln=, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn kmf]gM (*%!!@#!%* Od]nM grcenterpl@gmail.com

gofF o'uaf]w k|sfzg k|f=ln= åf/f k|sflzt, ;+: yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs M k|tfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t Joj: yfksM Clif/fh kf]v|]n

d'b|s M k|ltef ckm;]6 k|];, sfof{noM 3f]/fxL bfª, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M /fKtL pkTosf -b]pv'/L_– )*@–%()$*%, t'n;Lk'/– %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK