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;'zf;gdf o:tf sfo{n] ;d:of NofPsf] kltj] bgdf pNn] v u/] sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ o:tf e'QmfgLn] :yfgLo txdf a] ?h'sf] rfª nfu] sf] 5 . cfly{s sfo{ljlw tyf ljQLo pQ/bfloTj P] g, @)&^ sf] bkmf @ -t_ df krlnt sfg'gadf] lhd k'¥ofpg'kg{] /Lt gk'¥ofO{ sf/f] af/ u/] sf] jf /fVg'kg{] n] vf g/fv] sf] tyf clgoldt jf a] dgfl;a tl/sfn] cfly{s sf/f] af/ u/] sf] Aoxf] / fnfO{ a] ?h'sf] ?kdf kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . oxL kl/efiffsf] jl/k/L a] ?h'sf] vf] htnf; dxfn] vfn] u/] sf] xf] . e'QmfgL u/] sf e/kfO{ / cGo sfuhkq b] vfpg g;Sbf :yfgLo txdf w] / } a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . sltko xsdf sfg'geGbf aflx/ uP/ lbOPsf] e'QmfgLnfO{ ;d] t a] ?h'df /flvPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ bfª lhNnfdf :yfgLo txsf] a] ?h' /sd psfnf] nfu] sf] 5 . dxfn] vf k/LIf0fsf] sfof{non] lhNnfsf bz :yfgLo txdf Ps ca{ %$ s/f] 8 @@ nfv #$ xhf/

?k} of“sf] a] ?h' b] vfPsf] xf] . dxfn] vf k/LIf0f0fsf] sfof{non] ;fj{hlgs u/] sf] %* cf} + kltj] bgdf a] ?h' /sd;lxtsf] ljj/0f ;dfj] z ul/Psf] 5 . s] xL :yfgLo txsf] a] ?h' /sd ;'wf/f] Gd'v b] lvP klg clwsf+zsf] a] ?h' psfnf] nfu] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . ndxL gu/kflnsfsf] !^ s/f] 8 %* nfv *@ xhf/ ?k} of“ a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . h'g !$ bzdnj !@ kltzt xf] . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] a] ?h' !# s/f] 8 &) nfv tLg xhf/ 5 . h'g # bzdnj &# kltzt xf] . 3f] / fxL pkdfgu/kflnsfsf] !! s/f] 8 !@ nfv !^ xhf/ a] ?h' 5 . h'g @ bzdnj *! kltzt xf] . ;a} eGbf w] / } a] ?h' b] lvPsf] ndxL gu/kflnsfsf kd'v s'naxfb'/ s] ;Ln] a] ?h' s6fpg sfuhkq k] z ul/P klg /sd s6\6f gx'“bf o; jif{ a] ?h'sf] /sd w] / } b] lvPsf] x'g ;Sg] atfpg'eof] . …xfdLn] a] ?h' s6\6f ug{ sfuhkq k] z u/] sf lyof} + . cem} s6\6f ePg5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …/sd ltg'kg{] geO{ ;} 4flGts a] ?h'sf] /sd xf] . sfuhkq k] z u/] kl5 s6\5 .Ú ;a} eGbf yf] / } a] ?h' aaO{ ufp“kflnsfsf] 5 . aaO{ ufp“kflnsfsf] &@ nfv #( xhf/ a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . h'g z"Go bzdnj *( kltzt dfq} xf] . aaO{ ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf e'jg] Zj/ kf} 8] nn] a] ?h' /sd 36fpg of] hgfa4?kdf sfd cl3 a9] sf] kltlqmof lbg'ePsf] 5 . …a] ?h' sd b] lvPsf] kflnsfleq xfdL k/] sf 5f} + . cem} a] ?h' 36fpgsf nflu of] hgfa4 sfddf nfUg] 5f} +Ú– kf} 8] nn] eGg'eof] – …a] ?h' 36\g' cfkm} df /fdf] ;+s] t xf] .Ú af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

Pdfn] ;f+;båf/f ;ef jlx:sf/, kIfdf $@ dt, pk;efd'v t6:y q odnfn e';fn lbgd} ljZjf;sf] dt lng' nf] stGq / ;+ljwfgsf] ePsf] xf] . ljZjf;sf] dt /Iff tyf ;+3Lotf sfof{Gjog Pp6f bnsf] ;b:onfO{ csf] { a'6jn, & ebf} . n'lDagL lng] kb] z;efsf] a} 7sdf ;/sf/sf] kfyldstf x'g] bnn] sf/jfxL ug{ ldN5 < kb] zsf d'VodGqL s'nk;fb pk;efd'v;lxt #& ;f+;b d'VodGqL s] ;Ln] atfpg'eof] . /x] sf] kd'v kltkIfL bn Pdfn] n] eg] a} 7s jlx:sf/ u/] sf] lyof] . o;cl3 ;f] daf/ ck/fGx a;] sf] kb] z;efsf] a} 7sdf d'VodGqL s'nk;fb s] ;Ln] ljZjf;sf] dt lbg cfux ug'{ePsf] lyof] . …dnfO{ ljZjf;sf] dt glbg'kg] { sf/0f g} 5} gÚ– d'VodGqL s] ;Ln] eGg'eof] ] . ljkIfL Pdfn] nfO{ cfj] u, Oiof{ / abnfsf] efj g/fVg d'VodGqL s] ;Ln] cfux ug'{eof] . cfkm" d'VodGqL ag] kl5 Pdfn] n] z'esfdgf klg glbPsf] s] ;Ln] u'gf;f] ug'{eof] . ;+ljwfgn] lglb{i6 u/] cg';f/ ljkIfL bn;“u klg ;+jfb, ;xdlt / ;xsfo{ u/] / cl3 a9\g ;/sf/ klta4 /x] sf] d'VodGqL s] ;Ln] atfpg'eof] .

sf] le8–!( nfO{ lgoGq0f / /f] syfd gjul7t ;/sf/sf] klxnf] kfyldstf x'g] d'VodGqL s] ;Lsf] syg 5 . d'VodGqL s] ;Ln] sf] le8 lgoGq0f, /f] syfd tyf gful/snfO{ vf] k cfkm\gf] klxnf] kfyldstfdf ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] dlGqkl/ifb\n] k"0f{tf kfpgf;fy /fhwfgL Joj:yfkg, /f] huf/L a9fpg] sfd cufl8 a9fpg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] kltkIf bn Pdfn] n] a} 7s alx:sf/ u/] sf] klt l6Kk0fL ub} { d"n kf6L{ eGg] Pdfn] n] a} 7s alx:sf/ u/] / /fhgLlts ;+: sf/ gb] vfPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] cfjlws of] hgf Jojjxf/df b] lvg] u/L sfof{Gjog ug{'sf ;fy} ;d[4 af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

a'6jn, & ebf} -o';_– n'lDagL kb] z ;efdf a} 7s cj/f] w ub} { Pdfn] sf ;f+;bn] gf/f nufO/x] sf a] nf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf ;f+;bx?n] Pp6f bnsf] ;f+;bnfO{ csf] { bnn] sf/jfxL ug{ ldN5 eGb} kZg u/] sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] b'O{ ;f+;bnfO{ sf/jfxL u/] sf] ;"rgf kb] z;efdf lbg'kg] { dfu ub} { ljkIfL Pdfn] n] kb] z;ef a} 7s cj/f] w ul//x] sf] 5 . ljkIfLn] gf/fafhL ul//x] sf a] nf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf kd'v ;r] ts t'nf/fd 3tL{n] ladnfs'df/L vqL cfkm\gf] bnsf] ;b:o ePsfn] csf] { kf6L{n] sf/jfxL ug{ g;Sg] atfpg'eof] . af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

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CMYK

ndxLtkm{ cfpg] qmddf ;ft lkm6 ^ O~r / @ lkm6sf b'O{j6f lrt'jfsf] 5fnf;lxt a} t8L lhNnfsf] kf6g gu/kflnsfsf @) jifL{o ljdn cf} hL, @* jifL{o kbLks'df/ ljs / @) jifL{o x] dGt cf} hL kqmfp k/] sf 5g\ . pQm 36gfsf] csf{] lbg cyf{t ebf} ^ ut] kx/Ln] s:t'/ Lsf] ljgf;lxt

b'O{hgfnfO{ kqmfp u¥of] . ax'd"No dflgg] s:t'/ Lsf] ljgf laqmL x'g nfu] sf] qmddf kx/Ln] xf] 6n 6'8] Knfhfaf6 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf ## jifL{o df] xg a'9f / Ko'7fg gu/kflnsfsf @@ jifL{o dbg s] ;LnfO{ kqmfp u/] sf] 5 .

P;kL ;'/ ] z sfkm\n] n] s:t'/ Lsf] ljgfsf] 36gf klxnf] ePsf] hfgsf/L lbb} } dxTjsf

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3f] / fxL, & ebf} . ut ;fpg !) ut] h/fof] sf] l;ª -cf] v] 6f] kxf/_ ;lxt bfªdf tLghgf kqmfp k/] . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf– * uxt] vf] nfdf /flt ! ah] h/fof] sf] l;ª laqmL eO/x] sf] ;"rgfsf cfwf/df kx/Ln] 5fkf dfbf{ aaO{ ufp“kflnsf–! u+u6] lgjf;L @@ jifL{o hLjg 3tL{, ;f] xL ufp“kflnsf–$ xfk'/ ] lgjf;L #( jifL{o OGbaxfb'/ s] ;L / ;Nofg zf/bf gu/kflnsf–$ ;fOnfsDbf lgjf;L @@ jifL{o ljgf] b cf] nLnfO{ Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ n] kqmfp u¥of] . ebf} % ut] dfq} kx/Ln] lrt'jfsf] 5fnf cf] ;f/k;f/sf qmddf tLghgfnfO{ kqmfp u/L ;f] daf/ kqsf/ ;Dd] ngaLr ;fj{hlgs u¥of] . sf] xnk'/ af6

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s] ;Ln] kb] z;efdf ljZjf;sf] dt kfKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . n'lDagL kb] z;efdf *) hgf ;f+;b /x] sf] df ;efd'vafx] s $# hgf ;f] daf/sf] kb] z;efsf] a} 7sdf pkl:yt lyP . d'VodGqL s'nk;fb s] ;Lsf] kIfdf $@ dt / Pshgf ;f+;b t6:y /x] sf] ;efd'v k"0f{axfb'/ 3tL{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . d'VodGqL s] ;LnfO{ ljZjf;sf] dt k'li6 ug{ $! hgf ;f+;b cfjZos /x] sf] lyof] . pk;efd'v s[i0fL yf?n] eg] ljZjf;sf] dtsf] kIf ljkIfdf dtbfg gu/L t6:y /xg'ePsf] 5 . ut ;fpg @& ut] u7aGwgsf] g] t[Tjdf d'VodGqL rog x'g'ePsf s] ;Ln] !@

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b] pv'/ L, & ebf} . ;fj{hlgs vl/b P] g, @)^# sf] bkmf $ df lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{'cl3 To;;DaGwL :k] l;lkms] zg, of] hgf, gS;f, l8hfOg, ljz] if cfjZostf jf cGo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug{'kg{] Joj:yf 5 t/ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] pQm ljj/0fx? tof/ gu/L rf/j6f s[lqd hnfzo lgdf{0f ug{ tLg s/f] 8 tLg nfv !* xhf/ vr{ u/] sf] 5 . cfof] hgf sfof{Gjogk"j{ ug{'kg{] tof/Lsf] sfo{ k"/ f gu/L hnfzo lgdf{0f u/] kl5 of] /sd a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsfdf Ps s/f] 8 cf7 nfv b'O{ xhf/ nfut cg'dfgsf] zLt e08f/ u[x lgdf{0fsf] sfd Ps s/f] 8 ;ft nfv $) xhf/df ;DkGg eof] . pQm lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu kb] z s[lif dGqfnon] %) kltzt / ;xsf/L ;+: yfn] %) kltzt u/L Ps s/f] 8 Joxf] g{'kg{] df ;f] ;xsf/L ;+: yfn] %# nfv e'QmfgL u/] sf] / kb] z ;/sf/n] /sd pknAw gu/fPsf] sf/0f a+unfr'nL ufp‘“kflnsfn] $$ nfv #( xhf/ e'QmfgL u¥of] . gfkmfd"ns ;xsf/L ;+: yfcGtu{t /x] sf] zLt e08f/sf] s[ifsn] kof] u ubf{ nfUg] z'Ns, ;~rfng df] 8fln6L nufotsf ljifodf :ki6 gu/L ufp“kflnsfn] nufgL u/] / ;Lldt ;b:ox?nfO{ kmfObf x'g] b] lvPsf] n] pQm /sd a] ?h'df k¥of] . dxfn] vfn] pQm nufgLaf6 ufp“kflnsfsf s[ifsx? nfeflGjt x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . oL s] xL ljifo x'g h'g dxfn] vf k/LIf0fsf] sfof{non]

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;fy lnPsf] atfpg'eof] . lhNnfdf clxn] jGohGt' rf] / L lzsf/ tyf cf] ;f/k;f/sf 36gfdf kqmfp kg{] qmd hf/L 5 . kx/Ln] ;lqmotf a9fPkl5 aGohGt' rf] / L lzsf/ tyf cf] ;f/k;f/sf 36gfdf ;+nUgx? kqmfp kg{ yfn] sf x'g\ . bfªdf ;fpgb] lv clxn] ;Dd lrt'jfsf] 5fnf, /] 8kf08fsf] 5fnf, a“b] nsf] df;' / h/fof] sf] l;+ª, s:t'/ Lsf] lagfnufotsf jGohGt'sf 5fnf a/fdb ePsf 5g\ . h;df Ps dlxgfdf ePsf cf7a9L 36gfdf !^ hgfa9L kqmfp k/] sf 5g\ . kx/L kd'v P;kL ;'/ ] z sfkm\nn] ljleGg lhNnfaf6 jGohGt'sf c+u rf] / L lzsf/L u/L t:s/L tyf cf] ;f/k;f/ ug{] x? kqmfp kg{] qmd hf/L /x] sf] atfpg'eof] . jGohGt' af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

;b:otfs} sf/0f dxflwj]zg kefljt x'g'x'“b}g

sf7df8f} +, & ebf} -o';_– g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf jl/i7 g] tf /fdrGb kf} 8] n ;d"xaf6 ;efkltsf cfsf+IfLx?n] ;fd"lxs 5nkmn u/L lqmofzLn ;b:otfs} sf/0f km] l/ klg dxflwj] zgsf] sfo{tflnsf kefljt kfg{ gx'g] df hf] 8 lbPsf 5g\ . ;b:otf ljjfbsf sf/0f rf} yf] k6s tf] lsPsf] dxflwj] zgsf] sfo{tflnsf ;d] t kefljt x'g] cj:yf cfPkl5 kf} 8] n ;d"xsf zLif{ g] tfx?n] ljjfbnfO{ rf“8f] ;dfwfg u/] / dxflwj] zgsf]

klqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kg] { atfPsf x'g\ . sf+u] ;n] ca bz lbgkl5 !* ebf} df j8f clwj] zg ug] { sfo{tflnsf 5 t/ clxn] ;Dd klg ;b:otfsf] 6'+uf] nufpg eg] ;s] sf] 5} g . lqmofzLn ;b:otfs} sf/0f dxflwj] zg :ylut ug{'kg] { cj:yf cfpg lbg gx'g] , lhNnf ;efkltx?sf] dfu adf] lhd lqmofzLn ;b:otfsf] ljj/0f tTsfn ;fj{hlgs ug{'kg] { / kf} 8] n ;d"xaf6 Pshgfdfq} pDd] bjf/ aGg'kg] { eGg] ljifodf af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

!) a'Fb] ;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf] k:tfj agfpg] lhDdf tLg g]tfnfO{ sf7df8f} +, & ebf} -o';_– g] skf Pdfn] ljjfb ;dfwfgsf nflu ePsf] !) a'“b] ;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf] df] 8fln6L / ;dotflnsf to ug{ tLg ;b:oLo sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 . sld6Ldf pkfWoIf eLd /fjn, dxf;lrj O{Zj/ kf] v] n af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

d'6' tyf afy /f]u;DaGwL 8fS6/ cfpg]af/] ;"rgf Û

s] tkfOFnfO{ d'6' tyf afy /f]u;DaGwL s]xL ;d:of 5 < olb 5 eg] 3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/ rf]sglhs Go"/f]8df /x]sf] kNnjL :jf:Yo lSnlgsdf g]kfnsf] VofltkfKt xl:k6nx? tyf jL/ xl:k6ndf cg'ejkfKt ug'{ePsf tyf xfn gf]a]n xl:k6ndf sfo{/t jl/i7 sG;N6]G6 MBBS MD Cardiologist Rheumotologist -d'6' tyf afy/f]u ljz]if1_ 8f= dx]Zj/ s'df/ x}Ho'åf/f oxL ldlt @)&* ebf} !! z'qmjf/ ! ah]b]lv / !@ ut] zlgjf/laxfg * ah]b]lv r]shfFr x'Fb}5 .

8fS6/åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M != 5ftL b'Vg' -b]a] s'dsf] ;fO8tkm{ b'vfO{ x'g'_ lx8\bf rNbf b'vfO a9\g], cf/fd ubf{ a:bf b'vfO sd x'G5 eg] d'6' jf k];/sf] b'vfO x'g ;S5 . @= d'6'sf] w8\sg a9\g' . #= ysfg dx;'z x'g' -;fdfGo lx+88'n ubf{ ;d]t :jfF–:jfF x'g' ._ $= a]xf]; x'g' . %= v'§f ;'lGgg' . ^= cg'xf/ ;'lGgg' . &= lk;fa sd x'g' . *= l/+uf6f nfUg' . (= lr;f] kl;gf cfpg' . !)= pN6L -af]ld6_ xf]nf h:tf] e}/xg' . !!= z/L/sf c+ux?df c;lhnf] dx;'; x'g' . !@= z/L/sf hf]gL{x? b'Vg', ufF7fu'7L cfpg', kfgL ;ª\lng'nufotsf ;d:ofx?sf] lgbfgsf nflu Ecg d]l;gaf6 r]shfFr -Eco eg]sf] d'6'sf] lel8of] PS;/]_ af6 /f]usf] lgbfg tyf pkrf/ ul/G5 . ;fy} Kofyf]nf]hL ;]jf Pj+ kmfd]{;L ;]jf klg pknAw 5 .

kNnjL :jf:Yo lSnlgs

t'n;Lk'/rf]s Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]gM )*@–%^!^*#, (*$&(@%&)) gf]6M oxL ebf} !* ut] 5fnf, of}g tyf n]h/ /f]u ljz]if1 8f= ;'dg l3ld/] cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 .

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(Aug. 24, 2021)

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ljrf/

hLjgdf ;'v ;Dem] ;'vL, b'Mv ;Dem] b'MvL x]nrqm\ofO{+ u/]/ hf]lvd glgDTofcf}+ cfhef] ln ahf/df eL8ef8 a9] sf] 5 . rf8kj{x? glhlsFb} ubf{ dflg;x?sf] rxnkxn a9] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . lxhf] ufO{hfqfsf] qmddf sf7df8f} + / cGo zx/x?df klg dflg;sf] eL8ef8 b] lvof] .

To;f] t ufO{hfqf lgsfNg] x?n] df:s kof] udf Vofn u/] sf klg lyP t/ w] / } dflg;sf] hd36df :jfefljs?kdf hf] lvd a9\5 g} . rf8kj{ / hfqfx?df dfq xf] Og clxn] v'nf /x] sf kfs{ If] qx?df klg dflg;x?sf] eL8 a9\g yfn] sf] 5 . ns8fpg v's'nf] eP;Fu} ;fj{hlgs tyf ko{6sLo If] qdf cfhef] ln /dfOnf] ug] { dflg;x?sf] p:t} eL8 5 . t] ;f] nx/sf] sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd al9/x] sf a] nf ljgf;fjwfgL kfs{, ;8s, uNnL, ahf/ ;j{q a9] sf] dflg;x?sf] eL8ef8 lgoGq0f ug'{sf] ljsNk xfdL;Fu 5} g . a] n} df ;r] t eOPg eg] sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] bf] ;f] nx/sf a] nf xfdLn] ef] Ug'k/] sf] ;f:tL / Iflt t] ;f] nx/ cfOk'Ubf gbf] xf] l/Pnf eGg ;lsGg . sf] le8 ;+qmd0f b/ 36\g ;s] sf] 5} g . b] ze/sf] s'/ f ug] { xf] eg] lxhf] ;Dd sf] le8 ;+qmd0f x'g] sf] ;+Vof ;ft nfv $& xhf/ rf/ ;o ## k'u] sf] 5 . g] kfndf sf] le8sf sf/0f d[To' x'g] sf] ;+Vof bz xhf/ kfFr ;o gf} k'u] sf] 5 . :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf cg';f/ xfn b] ze/ #* xhf/ ;ft ;o %! hgf ;lqmo ;+qmldt 5g\ . h;dWo] #% xhf/ kfFr ;o %% hgf xf] d cfO;f] n] zgdf 5g\ eg] tLg xhf/ Ps ;o (^ hgf ;+: yfut cfO;f] n] zgdf 5g\ . sf] / f] gfsf la/fdLdWo] 5 ;o *! hgf cfOl;o'df / Ps ;o ^( hgf e] lG6n] 6/df pkrf//t 5g\ . To:t} !) jif{d'lgsf, @) jif{d'lgsf afnaflnsf klg ;+qmldt x'g yfn] sf 5g\ . bfªdf klg :jf:Yo ;'/ Iffsf dfkb08 kfngfdf x] nrqm\ofO{+ a9] kl5 kl5Nnf lbgdf sf] le8 ;+qmd0f a9] sf] 5 . lhNnfdf kl5Nnf] PsxKtfdf Ps ;o @@ hgf sf] le8sf la/fdL ylkPsf 5g\ eg] b'O{hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . xfn bfªdf Ps ;o rf/ ;lqmo ;+qmldt 5g\ . ;+qmldtx?dWo] w] / } xf] d cfO;f] n] zgdf 5g\ eg] !@ hgf cfOl;o' / kfFrhgf ;fdfGo a] 8df pkrf//t 5g\ . bfªdf j} zfvotf ;+qmldt x'g] sf] ;+Vof cf7 xhf/ cf7 ;o &$ k'u] sf] 5 eg] b'O{ ;o !! hgfsf] d[To' eO;s] sf] 5 . clxn] ns8fpg v's'nf] 5 . rf8kj{sf] df} ;d z'? ePsf] 5 . rf8kj{sf] gfddf gful/ssf ultljlw a9] sf 5g\ . ns8fpgkl5 hghLjgsf c? If] qdf s] xL /fxt dx;'; eP klg sf] le8 ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd eg] a9] sf] 5 . sf] le8 ;+qmd0fn] rf8kj{ eGb} g . oftfoft, ahf/, ;fj{hlgs tyf ko{6sLo tyf wfld{snufotsf If] qx?df kof{Kt :jf:Yo ;ts{tf gckgfpFbf sf] sxfF ;+qmldt x'g] xf] eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5} g . clxn] ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf eL8ef8 ug] {, 7"nf] ;+Vofdf e] nf eP/ gfrufg ug] {, ef} lts b'/ L sfod ug] { s'/ fnfO{ a] jf:tf ug] {, df:s kof] udf cTolws nfk/jfxLh:tf xfdf afgL, Jojxf/ / sfdn] sf] / f] gfsf] hf] lvd a9fPsf] g} 5 . xfdf] oxL nfk/jfxLn] sf] le8 ;+qmd0f wfGg g;Sg] lx;fan] a9\g ;Sg] eGb} hg:jf:Yoljbx?n] ;/sf/ / xfdL ;a} nfO{ ;r] t agfO/x] sf 5g\ . k'gM ns8fpg ug{ cfux eO/x] sf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;'/ Iff dfkb08 kfngf gubf{ lglDtg ;Sg] hf] lvdaf/] a] n} df ;r] t aGg hg:jf:Yoljb\x?n] lbPsf] ;'emfj ;a} n] dgg ug'{k5{ . ns8fpg v's'nf] eP;Fu} a9] sf xfdf ultljlw sf] le8 lgDTofpg] sf/s gag"g\ eGg] tkm{ xfdL :jo+ klg ;r] t aGg'k5{ . cTofjZos sfd gkb} { 3/ aflx/ glgl:sg] , 3/ aflx/ lg:sFbf kof{Kt :jf:Yo ;'/ Iff ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] , cfkm", cfkm\gf] 3/ kl/jf/ / 5/l5d] snfO{ ;r] t kfg] { sfddf xfdL ;a} sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 . cfh xfdL ;r] t ePgf} + eg] ef] ln lglDtg ;Sg] c;xh kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ xfdLnfO{ g} d'l:sn kg] { lglZrt 5 .

s;n] s] eg] < lgi7fjfg sfo{stf{x?nfO{ kfvf nufpg] u/L ;b:otf ljt/0fdf wfFwnL ePsf] 5 .

– /fdrGb kf} 8] n -g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf jl/i7 g] tf_ sDo'lgi6 qmflGtsf/L zlQm;Fu Pstf / w'jLs/0fsf nflu jftf{ tyf kxn ug{ cfjZos klqmof cufl8 a9fpg] lg0f{o u/] sf] 5 .

– gf/fo0fsfhL >] i7 -g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf g] tf_ Pstfsf] ljsNk 5} g . cfh ug] { ls, kl5 ug] { eGg] dfq xf] . clxn] Pstf ubf{ kf6L{leq x'G5 eg] kl5 b'O{ kf6L{ aLrdf x'G5 .

– of] u] z e6\6/fO{ -g] skf Pdfn] ;lrj_ ckmuflg:tfg kf]lnof] ;+qmd0f hf]lvdo'Qm d'ns ' xf] . Tof] d'ns ' af6 kmls{Psf g]kfnLnfO{ ;+qmd0faf6 arfpg kf] lnof] vf] k nufpg] Joj:yf ;/sf/n] ldnfPsf] 5 .

– emns zdf{ uf} td -:jf:Yo ;] jf ljefusf] afn sNof0f tyf vf] k dxfzfvf kd'v_

;'v–b'Mv, wgL–ul/j, nfe–xflg, k] d–3[0ff, ux0f–Tofu, ho–k/fho, lx;f– clx+;fh:tf zAbfjnL dfgj hLjgsf oyfy{ x'g\ . oL a[Ifsf 5fof“ h:tf x'g\ . hLjge/ cleGg /lx/xG5g\ . o:tf h'DNofxf zAbx?df Pp6fn] ;sf/fTds ;Gb] z ;Dk] if0f ub{5 eg] csf] {n] gsf/fTds . hLjgnfO{ pT;jkydf lx8fpg ;w} ;sf/fTds zAbsf] ;fy rflxG5 . gsf/fTds zAbsf] ;Ëtn] of lg/fz agfp“5 of t cfqmf] zsf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofp“5 . To;} n] dflg;sf] rfxgf ;'v, wgL, nfe, k] d, kflKt, ho, clx+;f h:tf ;sf/fTds zAbsf] ;fy /xf] ;\ eGg] x'G5 . hLjg bz{gsf 1ftfx? dfly pNn] v ul/Psf h'DNofxf zAbx?dWo] s'g zAb s;/L dflg;sf] ;fydf /xG5 eGg] s'/ fnfO{ a8f] ;/n9Ën] ;Demfp“5g\ . pgLx? eG5g\– dflg;n] h'g zAbsf] a9L :d/0f jf pRrf/0f u5{ ;f] xL zAbsf] kefj dflg;sf] hLjgdf k5{ . x'g t dflg;sf] rfxgf ;'vsf] x'G5 t/ hfg] / jf ghfg] / b'Mv zAb g} b} lgs hLjgdf a9\tf kof] u x'G5 . h:tf] xfdL sfd ul//x] sf x'G5f+} t/ b'Mv ul//x] sf] eG5f+} . d] xgt u/] / sdfPsf x'G5f} + t/ b'Mv u/] / sdfPsf] eG5f} + . o;/L w] / } s'/ fdf b'Mv zAb kof] u ub{5f+} . af/Daf/ b'Mv zAbsf] kof] u ePsf sf/0fn] dflg;df ;'vsf] rfxgf x'“bfx“'b} klg b'Mvsf] kefj a9\b} hfG5 . oyfy{df hLjgdf b'Mvsf] cg'ej t x'G5 g} . t/ ;s] ;Dd b'Mvn] glyrf] ;\ eGg] xf] . kl/cfP t Joxf] g'{ afx] s csf] { pkfo 5} g . af/Daf/ b'Mv gk/f] ;\ eg] / a9\tf ;hu /xgfn] klg b'Mv cfOxfN5 . elgG5 h] kG5fpg vf] Hof] ToxL kl/kl/ cfp“5 .

To;} n] x/] s 36gfnfO{ ;fdfGo?kdf lng] afgLn] klg b'Mvsf] tfknfO{ 36fpg ;lsG5 . cfWoflTds u'? /ljz+s/n] …b'Mv eg] / 36\b} g, ;'v gegL a9\b} gÚ eGg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] argn] b'Mvsf] lanf} gf ufP/ cy{ 5} g . b} lgs hLjgdf ;'v zAbsf] :d/0f jf pRrf/0f ug'{kb{5 eGg] df hf] 8 lbPsf] cy{ nufpg ;lsG5 . pxf“sf] egfOdf /x] sf] cem dfld{s s'/ f t b'Mv eg] / 36\b} g eGg] 5 . ctM hLjgdf v'zL /xg jf ;'vL x'g rfxg] xf] eg] gsf/fTds kefj kfg] { zAbx?sf] :d/0f jf pRrf/0f ug{ 5f] 8\g'kb{5 . lsgls ;'v ;Dem] ;'vL, b'Mv ;Dem] b'MvL x'g] s'/ f dflysf egfOaf6 :ki6 ePsf] 5 . dflg; b'MvL x'g] ljleGg sf/0f 5g\ . ltgnfO{ d"ntM b'O{ ksf/n] juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . h;nfO{ cfGtl/s / afx\o sf/0fsf] ?kdf JofVof ug{ ;lsG5 . cfhsf] n] vsf] hf] 8 cfGtl/s sf/0fnfO{ s] nfpgdf s] lGbt 5 . b'Mvsf] cfGtl/s sf/0f eGgfn] JolQm :jo+df pTkGg x'g]

ultzLn hLjgnfO{ kmlnkmfk agfpg cfkm" hxf“ 5, cfkm";“u h] 5 / cfkm"n] h] ug{ ;lsG5 ;f] ug] { / To;af6 kfKt x'g] glthfn] v'zL jf ;'vL x'g] jfgL a;fpg'kb{5 . x/] s dflg;;“u cfwf/e"t?kdf ;do, /f] hfO / d] xgtsf] cvl08t ;fdYo{ x'g] t/ ltgsf] e/k'/ kof] u gugf{n] g} dflg; b'MvL x'g] cj:yf cfp“5 .

 /d]zs'df/ clwsf/L sf/0f xf] . cfGtl/s sf/0fsf] ;'Gb/ k:t'lt ci6fjqm uLtfsf] t] xf+} cWofosf] bf] ;f] Znf] sdf jl0f{t 5 . ;f] Znf] sdf elgPsf] 5– …s'qflk v] bM sfo:o lhx\jf s'qflk lvBt, dgM s'qflk ToSTjf k'?iffy] { l:ytM;'vd\ .Ú o;sf] ;f/ xf] dflg; slxn] z/L/, slxn] lhaf] -jf0fL_ / slxn] dgsf] b'Mvn] b'MvL x'G5 . logaf6 d'Qm /xg;s] dflg; ;'vL x'G5 . z/L/, jf0fL / dgaf6 pTkGg x'g] b'Mvn] dflg; b'MvL x'g] s'/ fnfO{ o; ksf/ JofVof ul/Psf] 5 . z/L/ pTkGg b'Mv eGgfn] zf/Ll/s si6, z/L/df nfUg] ljleGg ksf/sf /f] u, kl/>d ubf{sf] zf/Ll/s ysfO{ h:tf sf/0fn] z/L/df b'Mv k} bf x'G5 . o;/L cg'ej x'g] b'MvnfO{ :jfefljs?kdf lng] xf] eg] b'Mvsf] sd cg'e"lt x'G5 . af/Daf/ b'Mv eof] eg] / elg/xg] xf] eg] z/L/df pTkGg b'Mvn] dflg; ;w} x} / fg / a] r} gdf /xg'kg] { x'G5 . z/L/df b'Mv k} bf x'g] s'/ fnfO{ z"Godf emfg{ t ;Dej gxf] nf t/ To; ksf/sf b'MvnfO{ ;fdfGo / :jfefljs?kdf lngfn] b'MvL x'g] cj:yf eg] kSs} sd x'G5 . kl/>daf6 x'g] ysfOnfO{ :jfefljs 7fGg] xf] eg] klg sd b'MvL eOG5 eGg] lgrf] 8 lgsfNg ;lsG5 . cfGtl/s b'Mvsf] bf] ;f] sf/0f lhaf] cyf{t jf0fL xf] . cdof{lbt, cx+sf/L jf ckzAb ks6n] tTsfn cx+sf] ;Gt'li6 eP klg ;bfsfn b'MvL agfp“5 . s6'arg, em'6f] efif0f cyjf cgu{n knfk ugf{n] klg b'MvL eOG5 . rflxg] eGbf w] / } af] Ng' jf rflxg] 7fp“df gaf] Ng' klg jf0fL pTkGg b'Mv xf] . jf0fLbf] ifsf sf/0f dflg; af} nfxf;Dd x'G5 . To;} n] cfkm\gf] af] nL dw'ldl>t x'g ;sf] ; . af] nL l6d'/ sf] sf“8f] h:tf] b'vfpg] / kf] Ng] gxf] ;\ . gf} gL h:tf] g/d / zLtn xf] ;\ . h;n] af] nLsf sf/0f pTkGg x'g] b'MvnfO{ 36fcf] ;\ / hLjgdf cfgGb jf v'zL e/f] ;\ . b'Mvsf] t] ;f] sf/0f dg xf] . dg ;w} efjgf, ljrf/ jf lrGtgsf] :j?kdf bf} l8/x] sf] x'G5 . To;/L bf} l8bf dgn]

cfzf jf cfsf+Iffsf] ckflKtsf] dx;'; u¥of] eg] b'Mvsf] cg'e"lt x'G5 . s'g} s'/ fsf] cefj dx;'; x'g'n] klg b'Mv k} bf x'G5 . gkfPsf] lrGtf ug] { / kfPsf] s'/ f hf] ufpg g;s] sf] df klg lrGtf ug] { cflb klg dg pTkGg b'Mv xf] . dgnfO{ lrGtgdf nufO/xg'kb{5 . lrGtf ugf{n] t lhp“b} hNg] u/fp“5 . lrGtg ugf{n] a'4Tj kfKt x'G5 . o;/L z/L/, jf0fL / dgn] g} dflg;nfO{ b'MvL agfp“5g\ eGg] ci6fjqm uLtfsf] pkb] z /x] sf] 5 . hLjgsf] Wo] o t z/L/ :j:y, dg z'4 / jf0fL lko agfP/ ;'vL x'g' xf] . hLjg lj1fgsf ;fwsx?n] z/L/ :j:y /fVg z/L/sf] cg'zf;g cfjZos x'G5 eGg] ub{5g\ . cfxf/ljxf/ :j:y eP z/L/ :j:y /xG5 eGg] pgLx?sf] lgisif{ 5 . o;} u/L pgLx?sf dtdf dg z'4 /fVg dg pk/ a'l4sf] lgoGq0f /xg'kb{5 . xfdf zf:qx?n] dflg;sf] dg OGbLox?sf] 3f] 8f r9] / :jtGq?kn] ljr/0f ug{ /dfp“5, tTsfnsf] cfgGb lng' dgsf] nIo x'G5 / kl5;Ddsf] c;/af/] dgn] jf:tf ub} {g eg] / JofVof ub{5g\ . o;/L dgnfO{ 5f8f 5f] l8lbbf dg z'4 x'g ;Sb} g . To;sf/0f a'l4 / ljj] sn] dgnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ kg] { s'/ f zf:qx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . Wofgn] dgnfO{ z'4 agfp“5 eg] / ;fwsx? atfp“5g\ . o;} eP/ ljBf cfh{gsf dfWodaf6 a'l4sf] ljsf; ug] { dflg;sf] hLjgsf] nIo ePsf] 5 . b'MvnfO{ s] nfp“bf z/L/ / dg pTkGg b'Mvn] JolQm :jo+nfO{ ;tfp“5 . t/ jf0fL pTkGg b'Mv c?nfO{ ;d] t si6s/ x'G5 . kl/jf/, ;dfh jf sfo{: yndf lko argsf] cfbt a:g ;s] g eg] dfgjLo ;DaGw lauG5 . hLjg cgdf] n 5 t/ lglZrt cfo'df af“Rg'kg] { ePsfn] hlt af“lrG5 ;'vn] af“Rg] hLjgsf] Wo] o x'g'kb{5 . b'Mvsf] sf/0f afx\o klg 5 . kfs[lts / dfgj l;lh{t ljklQn] lbg] b'Mvsf] dfqf / dd{ cdfkgLo x'G5 . To; af/] df 5'§} rrf{ u/f+} nf . cfhsf] ;Gbe{ eg] cfGtl/s sf/0fdf

s] lGbt /xg] ePsfn] afx\o sf/0fsf] rrf{ ul/Psf] 5} g . hLjgdf tLg s'/ f x/] s JolQmsf clwgdf 5g\ . tL eg] sf ;do, /f] hfO / d] xgt -6fOd, RjfO; P08 Okmf] 6{_ x'g\ . ;dosf] pknAwtf ;dfg?kn] x/] s JolQmnfO{ pknAw 5 . wgL ul/jsf] s'g} lje] b 5} g . ;f] ;do s'g kof] hgdf pkof] u ug] { eg] / /f] Hg] clwsf/ klg JolQm :jo+df 5 . To;/L kof] hg 5gf] 6 u/L ;s] kl5 cfkm"n] slt d] xgt ug] { eGg] s'/ f klg JolQmd} lglxt x'G5 . dflg;x? d] xgt gug] { t/ ;kmn glthfsf] cfsf+Iff /fVg] u/] sf] kfOG5 . To;/L ;kmntf xfl;n x'g ;Sb} g . ha ;kmntf xfl;n x'“b} g clg dflg; b'Mvsf] s'/ f ug{ yfNb5 . hLjgkydf lg/fzf / cfqmf] z slxNo} cfpg lbg'x“'b} g . cfsf+Iff /fVg] t/ ;f] ;'xfpbf] d] xgt gug] { xf] eg] lg/fzf pTkGg x'G5 . To;} n] cfkm"nfO{ :jo+ pTk] / 0ffn] ;w} pT;flxt agfO{ /fVg] , cfsf+Iff to ug] {, cfsf+Iff ;fsf/ kfg{ ;w} d] xgt ug'{kb{5 . o;} af6 pT;jdo hLjg hLpg] cj;/ kfKt x'G5 . dflg;sf] hLjg kfª\uf h:t} xf] h'g zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, cfWoflTds, kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs / cfly{s cfwf/df rN5 jf ultzLn x'G5 . ultzLn hLjgnfO{ kmlnkmfk agfpg cfkm" hxf“ 5, cfkm";“u h] 5 / cfkm"n] h] ug{ ;lsG5 ;f] ug] { / To;af6 kfKt x'g] glthfn] v'zL jf ;'vL x'g] jfgL a;fpg'kb{5 . x/] s dflg;;“u cfwf/e"t?kdf ;do, /f] hfO / d] xgtsf] cvl08t ;fdYo{ x'g] t/ ltgsf] e/k'/ kof] u gugf{n] g} dflg; b'MvL x'g] cj:yf cfp“5 . ;+;f/df hLjge/ :j:y z/L/, dw'/ arg / lgd{n dg ePsf] dflg; kfpg sl7g 5 . o; n] vsf] cfzo :j:ytf, dw'/ tf / lgd{ntfsf] dfqf pRr /xf] ;\ eGg] xf] . To;} n] hLjgdf slDtdf klg c;L klt;t v'zLn] 5fpg ;sf] ;\ eGg] nIo /fv] / tbg'?ksf cfbt, cfr/0f / Jojxf/ ug] { xf] eg] ;+ej 5 eGg] df hf] 8 lbg rfxG5' . o; s'/ fsf] cEof; cfkm} n] ul//x] sfn] klg of] s'/ f“ oxf pNn] v ul/Psf] xf] . b'Mvn] lg/fzf a9fp“5 . lg/fzfn] lasf/ k} bf u/fp“5 . lasf/n] hLjgnfO{ a] sf/ agfp“5 . b'Mvs} sf/0f dflg; l/;fxf x'G5 . l/;n] Iflt dfq u5{ . To;} n] lg/fzf / l/; dflg;sf 7"nf zq' x'g\ . logaf6 hf] luP/ pT;jdo hLjg hLpg' g} hLjgsf] ;f/ xf] . t;y{ z/L/, jf0fL / dgaf6 b'Mv pTkGg x'g] cj:yfklt ;r] t /x“b} e/;s ;sf/fTds zAbx?sf] :d/0f / pRrf/0fdf cfkm"nfO{ afgL kfg{ ;sf+} / hLjgnfO{ ;'vL agfpg ;sf+} eGg] wf/0ffsf ;fy n] vsf] la6 dfb{5' .

lnhdf ;LdfGt e"ld ;§fk§f o'Pg8LkLsf] ei6frf/lj/f] wL kl/of] hgfsf] l;+ufk'/ l:yt …Unf] an kf] ufd P8efOh/Ú sf ¿kdf /x] / $) eGbf a9L d'n'snfO{ ;'zf;g / ei6frf/lj/f] wL dfldnfdf ;3fpg] sfo{ ul//x] sf c+u/fh ltdlN;gfn] sflGtk'/ b} lgs;“usf] xfn} sf] cGtjf{tf{df eg] sf 5g\– …lnlDkofw'/ fs} d'2fdf klg xfdLn] cfk;L lxtsf cfwf/df ;+jfb ug{ ;SYof} + . lglZrt jif{;Dd a+unfb] z;Dd k'Ug] sl/8f] / ef/tn] xfdLnfO{ lnhdf lbg] , To;} u/L lnlDkofw'/ f If] q xfdLn] ef/tnfO{ lnhdf lbg] lt/ ca lsg g;f] Rg] < o;df a+unfb] z;Dd af6f] dfq xf] Og, lah'nL k'¥ofpg] / ef/tn] g] kfnnfO{ yk xjfO{ dfu{ lbg] ;jfn klg hf] 8\g ;lsG5 . ;fj{ef} d;Qfdf ;Demf} tf gu/L b'a} b] znfO{ k/:k/ cfly{s lxt x'g] af6f] vf] Hg ;lsG5 .Ú of] n] vdf o;} ;Gbe{df rrf{ ul/g] 5 . lnhdf lng] lbg] kfjwfg b'O{ b] zaLr tf] lsPsf] cjlwsf nflu hldg lnhdf lng] lbg] kfjwfg s] xL b] zaLr ul/Psf] kfOG5 . pbfx/0fsf lglDt, hf] 8{gn] Oh/fonnfO{ ;g\ !(($ b] lv @)!( ;Dd @% jif{sf nflu afs'/ f / 3fd/ If] qsf] !@)) Ps8 hldg lnhdf lbPsf] lyof] . So'afn] cd] l/sfnfO{ ;g\ !(%( df UjfGtfgfdf] vf8L, k] ?n] OSj] 8/nfO{ !((* df cfkm\gf] s] xL e"efu, o'qm] gn] ?;nfO{ @)!& ;Ddsf nflu s[i0f;fu/ ;d'bL aGb/ufx lnhdf lbPsf] kfOG5 . ;§fk§f kyf hldg ;§fk§f ug{] kyf sltko b] zdf ckgfOPsf] 5 . ef/tLo kwfgdGqL g/] Gb df] bLn] @)&@ h] 7 @# b] lv u/] sf] a+unfb] zsf] ofqf qmddf ef/t / a+unfb] zaLr hldg ;Ldf ;Demf} tf ePsf] lyof] . o; ;Demf} tfcGtu{t b'a} b] zaLr ;Ldf ljjfbdf /x] sf] …OGSn] e -Pscsf{sf] ljb] zL e"ld kl/j] li7t hldg_Ú ;f6f;f6 ul/Psf] lyof] . ef/tLo ;LdfjtL{ If] qsf Ps ;o !! j6f OGSn] e a+unfb] znfO{ ;'lDkOP eg] a+unfb] zL l;dfgfdf /x] sf %!

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$(@) -s_ df …of] ;+ljwfg kf/De x'“bfsf avtsf] If] qÚ / -v_ df …of] ;+ljwfg kf/De ePkl5 kfKt x'g] If] q g] kfnsf] If] q x'g] 5Ú eGg] pNn] v 5 . o;sf] tfTko{ xf] – g] kfnsf] If] qkmndf slxNo} sdL x'g lbg' x'“b} g, t/ If] qkmn yk ePdf cfklQ klg x'“b} g . hldg ;§fk§f ug{ of lnhdf lbg–lng oL b'a} pkbkmf kl5 -u_ bkmf yk u/L …If] qkmndf / pkof] lutfdf slQ klg sdL gx'g] u/L l5d] sL d'n's;“u g] kfnsf] hldg ;§fk§f ug{ ;lsg] 5 of tf] lsPsf] zt{df lglZrt cjlwsf nflu lnhdf lnglbg ;lsg] 5, of] kfjwfgsf nflu ;+;b\sf] b'O{ltxfO dt cfjZos k5{Ú eGg] kfjwfg /fVg'kg{] x'G5 . o:tf kfjwfgsf sf/0f s] xL dfqfdf eP klg g] kfnsf] cfly{s dha'tL x'g] 5 . o;af6 l5d] sL b] z;“usf] ;Ldf ;d:of ;dfwfg eO{ b'a} b] zaLrsf] ;DaGw cem kuf9 / km/flsnf] x'g] 5 .

Ps} b] zsf] e"ld b'O{lt/ sf“s8le§faf6 a+unfb] z 5'g] sf] l/8f] / g] kfnnfO{ ;§fk§fdf lbbf ef/tsf] e"ld b'O{lt/ kg{ hfG5 eGg] kltlqmof cfpg ;S5 . t/ dg ldn] c;Dej s] xL x'“b} g . klxn] kfls:tfgsf] af“sL e"ld ef/tkf/ k"jL{ kfls:tfg -xfn a+unfb] z_ df lyof] . kf] r{'unsf] e"ld uf] jf a] nfotsf] cwLgdf ef/tLo pkdxfåLk lyof] . cd] l/sfsf] Sofg8fkf/ cnf:sf 5 . cfk;L ;f} xfb{ / ;fd~h:odf e/kg{] ljifo x'g\ oL .

OG6/g] zgn afpG8/L P8h:6d] G6 lklG;kncGtu{t hldg ;§fk§f ug{] cEof; 5 . b'O{ l5d] sL d'n'saLr hldg ;§fk§f ug{ x'G5 / x'“b} g eGg] kl/kf6Ldf ;xdlt / c;xdlt hgfpg] s'/ f cfkm\g} 7fp“df 5 . b] z, sfn, kl/l:ylt, ;fj{ef} ldstf, cGt/f{li6«o kl/k] Iosf] ljZn] if0f u/L b] zsf] lxt s] df x'G5 egL 7] ufgdf rflx“ k'Ug'k5{ . oltsf jif{;Dd g] kfnnfO{ ef/tn] g a+unfb] zL aGb/ufx k'Ug] ;xdlt lbPsf] 5, g t lnlDkofw'/ f ;Ldfaf/] s'/ fsfgL ug{] dg;fo b] vfPsf] 5 . pN6} , ;g\ @)!( df lkyf} / fu9–sfnfkfgL–lnk'n] s dfu{ agfof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o ;Ldf l;4fGtsf s] xL kfjwfg ckgfP/ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] af6f] lt/ nfUg] ls dfldnf srN6\ofO/fVg] < k'5f/sf] s'/ f] b'a} b] zsf ;DalGwt lj1x¿n] ;d;fdlos cWoog tyf dGyg u/L s;} sf]

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lxt / ;fj{ef} ldstfdf vnn gk'Ug] u/L ;xdlt / ;dembf/Ldf ug{'kg{] sfo{ x'g\ oL . lnlDkofw'/ f–sfnfkfgL–lnk'n] s ;Ldf dfldnfaf/] ef/t klg ;hu 5 . s] s;f] u/] df g] kfn klg v'zL tyf cfkm"nfO{ klg ;'ljwf x'G5 / sfnfkfgLaf/] cGt/{fli6«o ;fv hf] luG5, clg rLgn] gsf/fTds ;f] Rb} g eGg] s'/ f] ef/tsf] leqL dg;fo /x] sf] b] lvG5 . g] kfnn] r'Rrf] gS;f ksflzt u/] kl5 ef/tn] o;nfO{ …gf] 6Ú u/] sf] s'/ f ksfzdf cfPsf] 5 . ef/tnfO{ of] dfldnf lgNg' g cf] sNg' ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o kl/j] zn] ubf{ lgNg ;s] sf] 5} g / cf] sNg klg OHhtsf lx;fan] ;ls/x] sf] 5} g . ef/tn] o; dfldnfdf …;] km NoflG8ªÚ vf] h] sf] dx;'; x'G5 . b'a} b] z …ljg–ljg l;r'P;gÚ df k'Ug] pkfo oxL x'g ;S5 . ef/tn] a+unfb] z;“u hldg n] gb] g ul/Ph:t} g] kfnsf] cltqmldt e"ld lnlDkofw'/ f–sfnfkfgL–lnk'n] s If] q cfkm\gf] e"ld;“u ;f6f;f6 ug{] k:tfj /fVof] eg] g] kfnn] s] eGg] , s] ug{] < o;af/] g] kfnsf] ;Ldf /0fgLlt s] s:tf] x'g'kg{] xf] < o; ;DaGwdf 6\ofs–6' l8Knf] d] 6, /fhgLlt1 / s"6gLlt1x¿n] lj:t[t u[xsfo{, uxg lrGtg–dgg, kfljlws cWoog–ljZn] if0f u/L /fli6«o kltj] bg tof/ kfg{'k5{ . oxL @$ ut] ;Qf u7aGwgn] ;fj{hlgs u/] sf] ;femf Go"gtd sfo{qmddf ;/sf/n] lnlDkofw'/ f, sfnfkfgL / lnk'n] snufot ;Ldf ;d:ofdf s"6gLlts dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg vf] lhg] pNn] v u/] sf] 5 . cGttM ;/sf/ kd'vx¿aLr ldqtfk"0f{ ;+jfb u/L ;Ldf ljjfbdf cfk;L ;xdltåf/f 6'+uf] df k'Ug'k5{ .

-;fef/M sflGtk'/ _

#

@)&* ;fn ebf} * ut] d+unaf/

(Aug. 24, 2021)

s0ff{nLdf nufgL ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ d'VodGqL zfxLsf] cfux o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf dfGd, & ebf} . s0ff{nL kb] zsf d'VodGqL dx] Gbaxfb'/ zfxLn] s0ff{nLsf] ljsf; / kl/jt{gsf nflu lghL If] qnfO{ nufgL ug{ cfux ug'{ePsf] 5 . sfnLsf] 6df ;f] daf/ cfof] lht sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf] wg ub} { pxf“n] s0ff{nLsf] ljsf;sf nflu lghL If] qsf] nufgL leœofpg cfjZos /x] sf] atfpg'eof] . lghL If] qnfO{ cfslif{t ug] {tkm{ kb] z ;/sf/ sl6a4 /x] sf] / To;sf nflu lghL If] qnfO{ 9'Ss eP/ nufgL ug{ cfux ug'{eof] . …s0ff{nLdf nufgL ug] { If] q w] / } 5, of] nufgLsf nflu elh{g If] q xf] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …To;sf nflu :yfgLo ;/sf/, kb] z ;/sf/ / ;+3Lo ;/sf/n] cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 kxn

rfNg'kb{5 .Ú sfnLsf] 6 ko{6sLo If] qsf lx;fan] g] kfnsf] ;a} eGbf cUnf] krfn em/gfsf] a] ; SofDkdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 3/af;, zfGgL lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsf / g/xl/gfy ufp“kflnsfdf cjl:yt ;'y/fnL ljdfg:yn, uf} / jsf] cfof] hgfsf ?kdf x] l/Psf] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“n] sf] 6jf8f dfGd s] ansf/sf] ;DefJotfsf]

cWoog ul/Psf] / To;sf nflu lghL If] qn] nufgLaf6 jftfj/0f agfOg] d'VodGqL zfxLn] atfpg'eof] . s0ff{nLdf hnljB't\ sf] plQs} ;Defjgf /x] sfn] clxn] $!) d] ufjf6sf] km'sf] 6 s0ff{nL cw{hnfzoo'Qm cfof] hgf aGg nfu] sf] / To;sf] sfd w] / } cufl8 a9] sf] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …km'sf] 6sf] nufgLsf] df] 8] n Ps ksf/n] ;xdlt eO/x] sf] 5, lgdf{0fsf] sfd klg cufl8 a9] sf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …:yfgLojf;LnfO{ z] o/ lbg] ljifodf klg 5nkmn eO/x] sf] 5, of] cfof] hgfn] /f] huf/L;d] t lbg] 5 .Ú s0ff{nL ljsf;sf nflu ;a} n] cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 h'6\g h?/L /x] sf] d'VodGqL zfxLn] atfpg'eof] .

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Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

;d:t sd{rf/L Pj+ kfOd nfOkm OG:of]/]G; kl/jf/ zfvf sfof{no ndxL b]pv'/L, bfª

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M lgoldt sfo{x? ;Dkfbg x'g ;Sg]5g\ .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M tTsfn of]hgf ;fj{hlgs gubf{ pQd /xg]5 .

ljdfn]v x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j",j] ,jf] _M ;Defjgf b]lvP klg pknlAw kfKt ug{ ;do nfUg]5 .

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M klxn]sf pknlAwn] pT;fx hufpg ;Sg]5 . wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M jf0fLsf] kefjn] cfly{s sfo{x?df nfe k'Ug ;Sg]5 . ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M k'/fgf sfo{x?sf] sf/0f v'zL x'g ;lsg]5 . s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M d]xgtLx?sf nflu lbg kmnbfoL /xg]5 . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M lbge/ cfDbfgLn] pT;fx a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

o; sDkgLaf6 hf/L ePsf] tkl;n adf]lhdsf] ladfn]v @)&* a}zfv @% ut] t'n;Lk'/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfFb} ubf{ x/fPsf]n] ladfn]v pk/ sf]xL s;}sf] xsbfaL eP of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; sDkgLsf] kwfg sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf kdf0f;lxt lgj]bg btf{ u/fpg'x'g of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . cGoyf lgj]bssf] dfu adf]lhd ;DalGwt laldtsf] gfddf kltlnlk ladfn]v hf/L ul/g] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] nflu hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . gfd M lzlz/ k'g du/ ljdfn]v g+= M %)@)))))$#)^ 7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/ p=d=g=kf=–%, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*#^^@$

;g g]kfn nfO{km OG:of]/]G; sDkgL lnld6]8 skf]{/]6 sfof{no sdnfbL sf7df8f}+ jf Zffvf sfof{no t'n;Lk'/, bfª

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf],x_M sfdsf] rfk clws /xg ;Sg]5 . cfsl:ds ;d:of cfpg ;Sg]5 . ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M cltlysf ?kdf ;]jf ;Tsf/ kfpg ;lsg]5 . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M tkfO“sf] kultdf Oiof{ ug]{x?n] b'v lbg ;Sg]5g\ . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M kl/jGw / kl/l:yltsf sf/0f Jofjxfl/s ;d:of cfpg ;Sg]5 .

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(Aug 24, 2021)

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Nffv #^ xhf/ ?k} of“ 5 . h'g b'O{ bzdnj ^% kltzt xf] . b] ze/sf b'O{ ;o &^ gu/kflnsfdWo] of] jif{ n] vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf b'O{ ;o ^) gu/kflnsfsf] n] vf k/LIf0fdf n'lDagL kb] zsf @& gu/kflnsfdf Ps ca{ #^ s/f] 8 (@ nfv a] ?h'

clxn] sf] cWofb] z t ;+;b, nf] stGq, ;+ljwfg hf] ufpgsf] nflu xf] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …kf“r jif{ ;+;b l6sfpg'kg{] ;+j} wflgs Joj:yf 5 .Ú sf+u] ;n] grfx“bf grfx“b} ;/sf/sf] g] t[Tj ug{'k/] sf] lhls/ pxf“n] ug{' eof] . …xfdLn] rfx] / of] ;/sf/ ag] sf] xf] Og, kl/l:yltn] sf+u] ;nfO{ ;/sf/sf] g] t[Tj ;'lDkof] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;dod} tLg txsf] lgjf{rg ug] { bfloTj klg oxL ;/sf/sf] sf“wdf 5 . lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj klg x'G5 .Ú kqsf/ ;Dd] ngsf] ;xhLs/0f kqsf/ lkof:d[lt uhd] / n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

5 . # bzdnj #^ a] ?h' kltzt 5. ut jif{sf] kltj] bgdf ah] 6 Joj:yfkg, cfof] hgf sfof{Gjog, ;f] em} vl/b, lan e/kfO{, >]: tf k] z gePsf] , a} +s lx;fj ldnfg gu/] sf] , clud s/ s6\6f gu/] sf] , a9L e'QmfgL, cw'/ f] lgdf{0f, gePsf] sfdsf] e'QmfgL, lhG;L Joj:yfkg, s/ lahs, ;jf/L;fwg vl/b, 7] Ssf :jLs[lt, cf] e/x] 8 nufotsf Joxf] / f cf} +NofPsf] df of] jif{ klg ;'wf/ u/] sf] kfOPsf] 5} g . oL s'/ fx? k'gM gbf] xf] l/g] u/L sfo{;Dkfbg ug{'kg{] ;'emfj kltj] bgdf 5 . n'lDagL kb] zsf ^$ ufp“kflnsfn] n] vf k/LIf0f u/fPsf 5g\ . h;df b'O{ ca{ Ps s/f] 8 ^& nfv ?k} of“ a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . ufp“kflnsfdf a] ?h' tLg bzdnj #* kltzt 5 . b] ze/ ut jif{;Ddsf] @% ca{ %* s/f] 8 tLg nfv a] ?h' /x] sf] df of] jif{ ;dfof] hg tyf ;Dk/LIf0faf6 tLg ca{ kf“r s/f] 8 &@ nfv km5\ of} {6 eO{ af“sL /x] sf] ## ca{ %@ s/f] 8 #! Nffvdf of] jif{ n] vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf rf/ ;o !& ufp“kflnsfsf] yk !% ca{ !! s/f] 8 $) nfv ;d] tu/L #& ca{ ^# s/f] 8 &! Nffv cBfjlws a] ?h' 5 .

!) a'“b]=== / pk–dxf;lrj lji0f' kf} 8] n ;b:o x'g'x'G5 . of] sld6Ln] d+unaf/sf] :yfoL sld6L a} 7scl3 k:tfj tof/ ug] {5 . ;ldltn] !) a'“b] ;xdlt s;/L nfu' x'G5 / of] klqmof slxn] ;Dd ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf k:tfj tof/ ug] {5 . ;f] daf/ Pdfn] sf] …t] ;f] wf/Ú sf g] tf / cWoIf s] kL cf] nLaLr afnsf] 6df 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . pQm 5nkmndf cf] nLn] cfkm" !) a'“b] leqaf6 cl3 a9\g tof/ /x] sf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

l9sk'/ j8f g+ ( t] 3/fsf] & la3f @ s6\7f % w'/ v] tL of] Uo hUuf lalqmdf cyjf s[lif kof] hgsf nflu ef8fdf pknAw 5 . la:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu hUuf wgLsf] kmf] g g+= (*!*(^*&!! df ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf .

aaO{ ufpFkflnsf–% kbdk'/, bfª

klzIfs÷lzIfs cfjZostf lzIff tyf dfgj ;f]t ljsf; s]Gb eQmk'/åf/f z}lIfs ;q @)&* df kfKt b/aGbLcg';f/ o; hgsNof0f dfWolds ljBfno kbdk'/, bfªsf] @)&* ebf} @ ut]sf] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ tkl;nsf] kbx?df of]Uo Pj+ OR5's pDd]bjf/x?af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . lj1fkg g+= !)!÷)&*÷)&( !)@÷)&*÷)&( !)#÷)&*÷)&(

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M.sc.Ag.

M.sc.Chemistry

pd]/ M !* aif{ k'/f eO{ $) aif{ ggf3]sf] . lgo'lQm lsl;d M s/f/ tna :s'n] M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] krlnt lgod cg';f/ / sDKo'6/sf] nflu lj=Jo=;sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd cfjZos sfuhftx? M g]kfnL gful/stfsf] kdf0fkqsf] kltlnkL, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] kltlnkL / x:tlnlvt lgj]bg . k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGtjf{tf{ / sDKo'6/sf] nflu kof]ufTds klg lgj]bg b:t'/ M dfWolds txsf] nflu ?= @))).– / sDKo'6/ kbsf nflu ?= !))).– b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&* ebf} # b]lv !& ut] lbgsf] $ ah];Dd . ;Dks{ g+= M )*@–$)#)!), (*$$(@(%)@, (*$&(%)()^, (*$&(@*)%# gf]6 M b/vf:t b:t'/ Od]naf6 lbg ;lsg] ePsf]n] s'df/L a}ssf] vf= g+= !%@))($^#!$))))$ df hDdf u/]sf] ;sn ef}r/ d]n ug'{kg]{5 . -jksschoolp5@gmail.com_

kwfgfWofks

rf] / L lzsf/ tyf cf] ;f/k;f/sf 36gf cg';Gwfgdf lhNnfdf ;lqmotf a9fPsf] atfpg'eof] . jg l8lheg sfof{no bfªsf cg';f/ ut jif{ )&&÷)&* df jGoh'Gt' rf] / L lzsf/ / cf] ;f/k;f/sf ;ft 36gf ePsf lyP . h;df $) hgf kqmfp k/] sf lyP . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsf ;"rgf clwsf/L lvdaxfb'/ s] ;Ln] kl5Nnf lbgx?df jGohGt' rf] / L t:s/L tyf cf] ;f/k;f/sf 36gf a9] sf] atfpg'eof] . …jGohGt' rf] / L lzsf/sf 36gf klxn] sf] cg'kftdf w] / } b] lvPsf 5g\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …of] ;+Vof x] bf{ 36gfx? w] / } xf] .Ú ;"rgf clwsf/L s] ;Ln] ef/t tyf aflx/ lhNnfaf6 jGohGt'sf ljleGg c+ux? bfªdf NofP/ sf/f] jf/ tyf cf] ;f/k;f/ eO/x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ bfªnfO{ 6«flGh6 KjfOG6 agfP/ kxf8L lhNnf tyf ef/taf6 jGohGt'sf] t:s/L tyf cf] kf/k;f/ x'g] u/] sf] kfOPsf] ;"rgf clwsf/L s] ;L atfpg'x'G5 .

ToxLqmddf cleo'Qmx? kqmfp kg{] u/] sf 5g\ . …aflx/ lhNnf / ef/taf6 NofP/ jGohGt' t:s/ tyf cf] ;fk;f/sf nflu bfªsf] ?6 kof] u ul/b} cfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …ef/t;“usf] v'nf gfsf glhs} ePsfn] bfªnfO{ 6«flGh6 KjfOG6 agfP/ jGohGt' rf] / L lzsf/ tyf cf] ;f/k;f/ ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf] x'g;S5 .Ú

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3f] / fxL, & ebf} . yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL ;ef bfªsf] ejgsf] ;f] djf/ pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . ejgsf] pb\3f6g 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf kd'v g?nfn rf} w/Ln] ug'{eof] . ejg pb\3f6g ;df/f] xdf af] Nb} gu/ kd'v rf} w/Ln] /fHo;“usf] kx'“r k'Ug g;Sbf yf? ;d'bfon] g] t[Tj / ljsf; ;f] r] hlt kfpg g;s] sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] yf? ;d'bfosf ljleGg snf, ;+: s[lt, k/Dk/fsf] ;+/ If0f ug'{kg] { eGb} yf? ;d'bfoaf6 g} g] t[Tj / ljsf;sf nflu kxnsf] cfjZostf cf} +Nofpg'eof] . cem} klg yf? ;d'bfodf sfg'gL, /fhgLlts tyf Jofj;flos 1fgsf] cefj /x] sf] n] yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL;efn] ;r] tgf / g] t[Tj ljsf;df sfd ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . ;+/ If0fsf] cefjdf hL0f{ /x] sf] yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL ;efsf]

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kb] z, v'zL hgtfsf] gf/fnfO{ hgtfn] ;f“Rr} cg'e"lt ug] { u/L sfd ug] { atfpg'eof] . To;afx] s pxf“n] ;+3Lotfsf] kefjsf/L sfof{Gjog;“u} cl3Nnf] kb] z ;/sf/n] cl3 ;f/] sf /0fgLlts kefjsf of] hgfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] atfpg'eof] . t/ g] skf Pdfn] n] eg] ;f+;b cho zfxL / ljdnfs'df/L vqL cf] nLnfO{ sf/jfxL gu/] ;Dd kb] z;efsf] a} 7sdf ;xefuL gx'g] atfp“b} cfPsf] lyof] . To;} cg';f/ d'VodGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dt lng af] nfPsf] a} 7sdf Pdfn] sf sf] xL klg ;f+;b ;xefuL ePgg\ . Pdfn] n] d'VodGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dt lng] af/] cfkm"x?nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] atfPsf] 5 . ;fd"lxs 5nkmn s] lGbt ePsf] s] GbLo ;b:o anaxfb'/ s] ;Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . s] ;Ln] ;a} sf] s'/ f ca klg lqmofzLn ;b:otf ljjfbs} sf/0f dxflwj] zgnfO{ kefljt ug{ gx'g] / rf“8f] eGbf rf“8f] ;b:otfsf] 6'+uf] nufP/ dxflwj] zg klqmof cl3 a9fpg'kg] df hf] 8 lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ g] tfx?n] lhNnf ;efkltx?sf] dfu adf] lhd tTsfn lqmofzLn ;b:osf] gfdfjnL j] a;fO6df ;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu u/] sf 5g\ .

s[lif 1fg s] Gb, bfª Jofj;flos s[lif pTkfbg -Ans_ ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu k:tfj cfx\jfgsf] ;"rgf Û kyd k6s ;"rgf ksflzt ldltM @)&*.)%.)* s[lif 1fg s] Gb, bfªsf] cf=j= @)&*÷&( sf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmdcg';f/ kwfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lglss/0f kl/of] hgfcGtu{t lhNnfdf kfyldstf kfKt jfnL÷a:t'df kl/of] hgf sfof{Gjog Dofg'cnsf] Joj:yf adf] lhd Joj;flos s[lif pTkfbg s] Gb -Ans_ sfo{qmd /x] sf] df pQm sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu ;"rgf ksfzg x'g'k"j{ btf{ ePsf s[ifs ;d'x, s[lif ;xsf/L, s[lif kmd{ tyf sDkgL, jg tyf hn pkef] Qmf ;ldltx?n] kwfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lglss/0f kl/of] hgf sfo{fGjog Dofg'cnsf] cg';"rL ^ / & cg';f/sf] sfuhft tof/ u/L ;DalGwt :yfgLo txsf] l;kmfl/;df of] ;"rgf ksfzg ePsf ldltn] #) lbg -ldlt @)&*.)^.)^_ leq k:tfj k] z ug{'x'g ;a} of] Uo cfj] bsx?nfO{ hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;"rgf ksfzg ul/Psf] 5 . cfj] bg k] z ubf{ ;+nUg ug{'kg{] kl/of] hgf Dofg'cnsf] cg';"rL ^ / & cg';f/sf] sfuhft tyf dfkb08sf nflu sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6L jf sfof{nosf] j] j;fO{6 dang.akc. gov.np jf kwfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lglss/0f kl/of] hgfsf] j] j;fO6 pmamp.gov.np af6 ;DalGwt sfo{ljlwx? 8fpgnf] 8 u/L kfKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . afnL÷j:t' Ans ;+rfngsf nflu ;+rfng x'g] sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf nflu ;fem] bf/L cg'bfgsf] Go'gtd dfkb08 s[ofsnfkx? l;df wfg Ans–! wfg÷uxF'÷ds} – kwfgdGqL s[lif s[lif pTkfbg ;fdfuLx? ljp÷j] gf{÷ s[liftkm{ ds} Ans–! !%) x] S6/ cfw'lglss/0f la?jfnufotsf lqmofsnfkx?df Ans ux' Ans–! df} / L– kl/of] hgf, sfo{qmdsf] s'n nfutsf] %) a9Ldf df} / L Ans–! !))) uf] nf kl/of] hgf kltzt cg'bfg, kfljlws ;xof] udf @% sfof{Gjog a9Ldf !)) kltzt cg'bfg, nfv Dofg'cnsf] kof] uzfnf ;] jfx? a9Ldf %) tflnsf kltzt cg'bfg, s[lif cf} hf/ tyf $ cg';fsf pks/0fx? a9Ldf %) kltzt, lqmofsnfkx? ;fgf l;+rfO{ k'jf{wf/x? a9Ldf *% kltzt cg'bfg, pTkfbgf] k/fGt tyf s[lif ;] jf k"jf{wf/x? a9Ldf %) kltzt cg'bfg k'gZrM sfo{qmd ;+rfng;DaGwL cGo ljifox? kwfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lglss/0f kl/of]hgf kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog Dofg'cn @)&& cg';f/ x'g]5 . yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; sfof{nosf] ;Dks{ g+= )*@–%^)!#) jf ;Dks{ JolQm jfln ;+/If0f clws[t >L ?bdl0f kf}8]n -kmf]g g+= (*%!!^%!&@_ nfO{ ;Dks{ ug{'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . kf]= xl/k;fb kf]v]n

uf} d'vL xf]d 8]sf]/

3f]/fxL, bfª -xf]08f zf]?dsf] cufl8_ df]= (*$$(&#!*@, (*)(%(&!(*

/x] sf] ejg cf} krfl/s?kdf ;~rfng x'g ;s] sf] lyPg . yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL;efsf cWoIf e'jg rf} w/Lsf] cWoIftf tyf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf kd'v g?nfn rf} w/Lsf] kd'v cfltTotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf 3f] / fxL–!& sf cWoIf v'zL/fd rf} w/L, yf? kqsf/ ;+3 bfªsf cWoIf gjLg rf} w/L, /fli6«o yf? snfsf/ d~rsf cWoIf zflns/fd rf} w/L, d6fjf rGbk;fb rf} w/Lnufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;lrj ksfz rf} w/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

hfkfgaf6 kf“r nfv dfqf vf]k cfOk'Uof] sf7df8f} +, & ebf} -o';_– hfkfg ;/sf/n] cg'bfgdf pknAw u/fPsf] P:6«fh] lgsf vf] k g] kfn cfOk'u] sf] 5 . hfkfg ;/sf/n] sf] EofS; ;'ljwfdfkm{t cg'bfgdf pknAw u/fPsf] kf“r nfv %( xhf/ dfqf vf] k ;f] daf/ g] kfn cfOk'u] sf] 5 . :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf kjQmf 8f= s[i0fk;fb kf} 8] nsf cg';f/ ;f] daf/ cfPsf] ;“u} hfkfgaf6 cg'bfgdf pknAw u/fpg] elgPsf] !^ nfv !$ xhf/ ;ft ;o $) dfqf vf] k cfO;s] sf]

5 . o;cl3 ;fpg @# / @$ ut] gf} nfv dfqf / oxL ebf} % ut] b'O{ nfv cf7 xhf/ ;ft ;o dfqf vf] k g] kfn cfPsf] lyof] . hfkfgaf6 pknAw ePsf] vf] k kb] z g+= ! / @ sf Ho] i7 gful/snfO{ nufOg] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ut kmfu'gdf sf] lel;N8 nufPsf ^% jif{eGbf dflysf Ho] i7 gful/snfO{ dGqfnon] P:6«fh] lgsf vf] k nufO/x] sf] 5 . ef/taf6 vl/b ul/Psf] sf] lel;N8 vf] k gcfPkl5 ;/sf/n] hfkfgaf6 cg'bfgdf P:6«fh] lgsf vf] k NofPsf] xf] .

xflb{s awfO{

;'lbg e';fn

o'j/fh kf]v]n la=Ao=;=–cWoIf

Pj+

o; >L hgtf dfWolds ljBfno u9jfsf k"j{ljBfyL{ u9jf–^ xfFl;k'/ lgjf;L ;'lbg e';fn tyf o; ljBfnosf lzIfs cleefjs ;+3sf k"j{cWoIf lbgdl0f cfrfo{sf ;'k'q lbK;g cfrfo{n] Pd=la=la=P;= cWoogsf nflu g] kfn ;/sf/sf] sf] 6faf6 k"0f{ 5fqj[lQ -:sn/l;k_ df gfd lgsfNg ;kmn ePsf] df b'a} ljBfyL{ efOx?sf] pQ/f] Q/ kultsf] z'esfdgf ;fy xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ .

hut/fd ofbj /fd;'/t ofbj

;+of]hs– lz=c=;+=

kwfgfWofks

hgtf dfWolds ljBfno u9jf b]pv'/L, bfª

egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † †

kb] z ;/sf/ n'lDagL kb] z

em\ofnsf] nflu Knfli6ssf] dR5/ hfnL

ejg !% nfvdf k'gMlgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] . To;sf nflu 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] cfly{s ;xof] u u/] sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL;ef bfªsf cWoIf e'jg rf} w/Ln] ejg lgdf{0f eP klg cem} zf} rfno, vfg] kfgL tyf sf] 7fx? yk ug{ af“sL /x] sf] atfpg'eof] . lj=;+ @))% ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL;ef bfªsf] ejg @)%^ ;fndf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf– !& kgf} / fdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;kl5 lgdf{0ffwLg

;b:otfs}===

e"ld Joj:yf, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno s[lif ljsf; lgb] {zgfno

hUuf laqmL÷ef8fdf

>L hgsNof0f dfWolds ljBfno

qm=;+= ! @ #

…xfdf] kf6L{sf] ;b:o ljdnf vqLsf] af/] df h'g s'/ f p7fpg'ePsf] 5 . Pp6f bnsf] ;b:onfO{ csf] { bnn] sf/jfxL ug{ ldN5 ls ldNb} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …olb ldNg] g} xf] eg] xfdLn] klg pxf“x?sf] bnsf] nfO{ sf/jfxL u5f} {+ lr7L lbG5f} + . Tof] 6f“: g' ePg eg] xfdLn] klg ;bg cj?4 u5f} {+ .Ú Pdfn] ;f+;bsf] gf/fjfhL n'lDagL kb] z;efsf] a} 7s z'? eP;“u} g] skf Pdfn] sf ;f+;bx?n] cho zfxL / ladnf cf] nLnfO{ kbd'Qm ug{ dfu ub} { gf/fafhL ul//x] sfn] b'O{ k6s cfwf cfwf 306fsf nflu ;ef :ylut ul/Psf] lyof] . cGttM ;f] daf/ t] ;f] a} 7s ;DkGg ul/Psf] xf] . kd'v kltkIfL bn g] skf Pdfn] sf kd'v ;r] ts e'ldZj/ 9sfnn] ;f+;b cho zfxL / ljdnf cf] nLnfO{ kbd'Qm gu/] ;Dd ;+;b rNg glbg] eGb} ;efd'vnfO{ kq a'emfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

Pdfn] n] ;f+;b zfxL / cf] nLnfO{ kbd'Qm ug{ dfu ub} { lg/Gt/ ;+;b cj?4 ub} { cfPsf] 5 . kb] z;efn] eg] cfOtjf/ ;"rgf 6f“; u/L ;f+;bnfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ gkg{] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .

ks {M

b] pv'/ L, & ebf} . g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf o'jf g] tf tyf kltlglw;ef ;b:o ksfz /;fOnLn] sf] / f] gfla?4sf] vf] k l;6fdf] n;/x pknJw u/fpg ;/sf/ nflu/x] sf] eGb} ;xh?kdf ;a} g] kfnLnfO{ nufOg] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ;f] daf/ ndxLdf cfof] lht kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf ;/sf/sf] kd'v pQ/bfloTj hgtfsf] hLjg/Iff ePsfn] l;6fdf] n;/x vf] k nufOg] atfpg' ePsf] xf] . …;/sf/sf] kd'v lhDd] jf/L gful/ssf] hLjg/Iff xf] . l;6fdf] n h;/L

;xh?kdf kfOG5 ToxL?kdf vf] k kfOg'k5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;/sf/nfO{ vf] ksf] af/] df xfdLn] klg Wofgfsif{0f u/fO/x] sf 5f} + .Ú pxf“n] g] kfnL sf+u] ;nfO{ alnof] agfpg ;dod} dxflwj] zg ul/g'kg{] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] lqmofzLn ;b:osf] 6'+uf] nufP/ oyfzSo dxflwj] zgdf hfg'kg{] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . jt{dfg kwfgdGqL z] / axfb'/ b] pjfn] cWofb] z NofP/ ;+;b / ;/sf/ b'a} hf] ufpg] sfd u/] sf] bfaL pxf“sf] 5 . …s] kL cf] nL kwfgdGqL x“'bf s:tf– s:tf cWofb] z cfP yfxf 5 .

3f] / fxL, & ebf} . l6sfk'/ 36gfdf ;+nUg /x] sf] cf/f] kdf kqmfp k/] sf aGbLx?sf] d'2f vf/] hL / lgzt{ l/xfOsf nflu bfªsf ljleGg yf? ;+u7gx?n] ;+o'Qm?kdf lhNnf kzf;g sfof{nodfkm{t kwfgdGqLnfO{ Wofgfsif{0fkq a'emfPsf 5g\ . sf7df8f} +df eO/x] sf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf] ngdf P]Soa4tf / aGbLx?sf] l/xfOsf] dfu ub} { Wofgfsif{0fkq a'emfPsf x'g\ . l6sfk'/ sf] 36gfdf /] zd rf} w/Lnufot y'k} yf?x?nfO{ ablgotk"j{s aGbL agfOPsf] eGb} yf? ;+3;+: yfx?n] Wofgfsif{0fkq a'emfPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL;ef, yf? kqsf/ ;+3 g] kfn, dx6fjf dxf;+3, yf? ljBfyL{ ;dfh, /fli6«o yf? snfsf/ d~r, khftflGqs yf? ;+3, yf? dlxnf ;efnufotn] lhNnf kzf;g sfof{nodfkm{t Wofgfsif{0fkq a'emfPsf x'g\ .

jGohGt'===

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www.nayayougbodh.com/E-mail: yougbodh@gmail.com

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Od]h Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h

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kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM

l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} !* ut];Dd lk–l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} @# ut];Dd ;Dks{M

/fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h ;fgLcDafk'/ ;/f{, bfª df]=g+=M (*%&*#!^*$, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#)@&), (*%&*#&@%%

o;sf ljz]iftfx?M v ! jif{sf] jif{sf] jf/]G6L ePsf], cfsif{0f Pj+ jiff} {+ vkt x'g] v km]d kNnf grflxg] x'Fbf *)Ü ;Dd k} ;fsf] art v lkml6ª ug{ ;lhnf] v lvof tyf wld/f gnfUg] v ;lhn} dd{t ug{ ;lsg] v xfjf tyf 3fd g5]Sg] .

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