CMYK
egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] †† lqljaf6 ;DaGwg kfKt ;jf]{Ts[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn o; SofDk;df lj1fg tyf kljlw cWoog ;+sfo cGtu{t :gfts txdf B.Sc. CSIT (4 Year/8 Semester) kyd jif{df rf}yf] Aofrsf nflu kj]z k/LIff cfj]bg kmf/fd v'Nnf ul/Psf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .
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kmf/fd eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&# efb @$ ut];Dd #^ hgf dfq kj]z k/LIff M @)&# c;f]h !@ ut] !! ah] z}lIfs of]Uotf M cfO{=P:;L÷!)±@ lj1fg ljifo jf sDKo"6/ cf]e/l;o/df slDtdf låtLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ .
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@% jif{ Uof/]G6L n]ldg]6]8 9f]sf ca tkfO“x?s} zx/df A Lifetime Durable
ljz]iftfx? M @% jif{ sDkgL Uof/]G6L *Water Proof* ls/f gnfUg]* gk;flª\ug]* xQf, sAhf gxlNng]* k"0f{ ?kdf sf7af6 lgld{t* pRr:t/Lo kljlwaf6 :jb]zd} pTkfbg ul/Psf]* ljljw sn/ / l8hfOgdf pknAw* /fKtL c~rnsf] cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf
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lbj+utx?sf] :d[lt M jif{el/ Hofg u'dfpg] cfkmGtx?sf] ;Demgfdf cflbaf;L hghflt g] jf/ ;d'bfon] laxLjf/ ufO{hfqf lgsfn] sf 5g\ . d[To' x'g] sf 3/af6 lgsflng] ufO{hfqf b'O{lbg;Dd g] jf/ ;d'bfodfem n} hfg] rng 5 . 3f] / fxLdf lat] sf] Psjif{df g] jf/ ;d'bfosf rf/hgfn] Hofg u'dfPsf] g] jf/ ;] jf ;dfh 3f] / fxLsf cWoIf bLks >] i7n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . tl:j/ M h] =Pg=;fu/
g];+ljdf nufgLcg';f/ ljBfyL{ cfsif{0f 36\bf]
cfh ;f+: s[lts pT;j ufO{hfqf 3f] / fxL, @ ebf} -o';_– efb s[i0f kltkbfb] lv ci6dL;Dd cf7 lbg dgfOg] k/Dk/fut ;f+: s[lts pT;j …ufO{hfqfÚ cfh z'qmjf/ ljleGg sfo{qmdsf] cfof] hgf u/L dgfO“b} 5 . of] lbg Ps jif{leq lbjËt ePsf cfkmGtsf] ;Demgfdf ufO{ jf dflg;nfO{ ufO{sf ¿kdf l;“uf/L cf–cfkm\gf Onfsfdf kl/qmdf u/fpg] / pgLx¿nfO{ >4fn'åf/f b"w, kmnkm"n, /f] 6L, lrp/f, bxLsf ;fy} cGg / bJo bfg ul/G5 . /fhf ktfk dNnn] k'qzf] sn] lax\jn ePsL cfkm\gL /fgLnfO{ b'lgof“n] klg o:t} zf] s a] xf] g{'k5{ eGg] b] vfpg …hgtfnfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] d/] sf JolQmsf gfddf ufO{hfqf lgsfnL zx/ kl/qmdf u/fpg"Ú egL cf1f lbPsfdf oltn] klg /fgLsf] dg zfGt x'g g;s] sfn] ljleGg ksf/sf kx;g tyf Jo+UofTds af“sL clGtd k] hdf:
q ksfz l;njfn sf7df8f} +, @ ebf} . cGo ljZjljBfnosf t'ngfdf kltljBfyL{ nufgL lgs} a9L ePsf] g] kfn ;+: s[t ljZjljBfnodf ljBfyL{sf] cfsif{0f eg] 36\bf] b] lvG5 . ;/sf/L cg'bfg / ljZjljBfnosf] nufgL;d] t hf] 8\bf kltljBfyL{ jflif{s ;/b/ vr{ Ps nfv &) xhf/eGbf a9L 5 t/ ljBfyL{sf] cfsif{0f a9\g;s] sf] 5} g . b'O{ jif{cl3 rf/ xhf/ b'O{ ljBfyL{ /x] sfdf xfn tLg xhf/ tLg ;o &! 5g\ . ;f] ljZjljBfnodf b] lvPsf ;d:of / ;'wf/sf pkfoaf/] /fo ;'emfj lbg ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof] un] kf= 8f= ljBfgfy sf] O/fnfsf] ;+of] hsTjdf u7g u/] sf] sfo{6f] nLn] …hg:t/df ;+: s[tsf 1fg Pj+ ;LknfO{ Ho"“bf] /fVg'kg] {Ú nufot ljleGg ;'emfj;lxt ljBfyL{sf] cfsif{0f a9fpg kbflwsf/L, lzIfs / sd{rf/Ln] /fhgLlts lvrftfgL TofuL cl3 a9\g ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . ljZjljBfnosf] cfj @)&@÷&#
sf] s'n jflif{s ah] 6 %^ s/f] 8 ?k} of“ 5, h'g /sddf ljZjljBfnosf] cfGtl/s ;f] tsf] lx:;f 5 kltzt dfq 5 . …;f] /sd ;/sf/n] lbPsf] !! s/f] 8 &% nfv (@ xhf/eGbf a9L 5 . vr{sf] lx;fan] eGg] xf] eg] ah] 6sf] clwsf+z lx:;f ;/sf/af6 kfKt eO/x] sf] 5 . nufgLsf] lx;fan] kltljBfyL{ nfut pRr ePsf] ljZjljBfnosf] sf] l6df k5{ .Ú cfof] udf ut ;ftf a'emfOPsf] kltj] bgdf elgPsf] 5. tTsfnLg lzIffdGqL:t/sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ cfof] un] u7g u/] sf] ;f] sfo{6f] nLdf kf= lbg] z/fh kGt, kf= 8f= wlgsnfn e/v] / , kf= 8f= sdnbLk 9sfn / cfof] usf n] vf lgoGqs s] bf/k;fb cfrfo{ x'g'x'GYof] . ;f] ljZjljBfnodf cf+lus ljBfkL7df dfq cWoog ug] { ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof b'O{ xhf/ cf7 ;o &( 5 eg] ;DaGwgkfKt ljBfkL7df cWoog ug] { ljBfyL{ ;+Vof rf/ ;o (@ 5 . ljZjljBfnodf lzIfs ljBfyL{sf] cg'kft !M^ 5, s'n hgzlQm ljBfyL{ cg'kft !M# b] lvG5, h'g cg'kft
b] zdf ;~rflnt cGo ljZjljBfnosf] t'ngfdf yf] / } /x] sf] t/ o; lzIffnfO{ d'n'ssf] lglwsf ¿kdf hf] ufpg'kg{] ;+of] hs 8f= sf] O/fnfn] atfpg'eof] . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] ;+: s[t cWoog ;+: yfgsf] kf7\oqmd, ljBfyL{, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L /xg] u/L dx] Gb ;+: s[t ljZjljBfnosf] :yfkgfsf nflu dx] Gb ;+: s[t ljZjljBfno P] g, @)$# eO{ ;f] ljZjljBfno :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . o;sf !$ j6f cf+lus / !! j6f ;DaGwg kfKt u/L @% j6f ljBfkL7 5g\ . cf+lus ljBfkL7dWo] !! j6f ljBfkL7df pQ/dWodf, cf7j6f ljBfkL7df zf:qL, tLgj6f ljBfkL7df cfrfo{;Ddsf] k9fO x'G5 eg] ;DaGwgkfKt ljBfkL7dWo] Pp6f ljBfkL7df pQ/dWodf, 5j6f ljBfkL7df zf:qL / Pp6f ljBfkL7df cfrfo{ tx;Ddsf] k7gkf7g x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . kltj] bgn] u'?s'n k4ltdf lzIf0f l;sfO ;~rfng ug{, 5/l5d] ssf lzIffnodf ;+: s[t lzIffsf] dxTj / :jfb hufpg, hLjgf] kof] uL ljifosf] lj:tf/ af“sL clGtd k] hdf:
;/sf/nfO{ d}bfg lrgfpg t]x jif{kl5 cGt/f{li6«o v]n q bz/y l3ld/] b] pv'/ L, @ ebf} . lgdf{0f z'? ePsf] em08} !# jif{kl5 klxnf] kN6 ndxLsf] lqms] 6 d} bfgdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] kltof] lutf x'g] ePsf] 5 . lgdf{0ffwLg lqms] 6 d} bfgdf nuftf/ tLg lbg ;Dd kltof] lutf x'g] ePkl5 :yfgLo v] nf8L / v] nk] dL pT;flxt ePsf 5g\ . bfª b] pv'/ Lsf] ljsf;;“u ndxLsf] lqms] 6 d} bfg hf] l8Psf] eGb} d} bfg lgdf{0fdf ;/sf/n] Wofg lbg'kg{] cfjfh p7\b} cfPsf] 5 . b] pv'/ L lqms] 6 Snjsf] cfof] hgfdf ndxLsf] cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] lqms] 6 d} bfgdf g] kfnaf6 b] pv'/ Lsf] / ef/taf6 k6gfsf] lqms] 6 SnjaLr O08f] / g] kfn c08/ !( d} qLk"0f{ lqms] 6 kltof] lutf x'g yfn] sf] xf] . oxL ebf} % ut] b] lv lgdf{0ffwLg d} bfgdf lqms] 6 kltof] lutf cfof] hgf ug{ yflnPsf] b] pv'/ L lqms] 6 Snjsf ;lrj kjg zdf{ l/hfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ ebf} %, ^ / & ut] nuftf/ tLg lbg d} bfgdf CMYK
kltof] lutf x'g] 5 . ndxLdf lqms] 6 d} bfgsf] k"jf{wf/ x'“bf klg ;/sf/n] Wofg glbPsf] eGb} ;/sf/nfO{ bfªsf] ndxLdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] lqms] 6 d} bfg 5 eg] / cjut u/fpg] p2] Zon] kltof] lutf cfof] hgf ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . ef/tsf] k6gfaf6 lszf] / s'df/sf] g] t[Tjdf !@ ;b:oLo v] nf8Lsf] 6f] nL ndxL cfPsf] 5 . 6f] nLnfO{
:yfgLo:t/af6 :jfut ul/Psf] 5 . ndxL gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] cfly{s jif{ @)%*÷%( jf6 lqms] 6 d} bfgsf] lgdf{0f z'? u/] sf] lyof] . t/ clxn] ;Dd d} bfgn] k"0f{tf kfpg ;s] sf] 5} g . ndxL gu/ljsf; ;ldltn] clxn] ;Dd em08} Ps s/f] 8 ?k} of‘ d} bfg lgdf{0fdf vlr{Psf] 5 . cfO{;L;Lsf] dfkb08cg';f/ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf]
d} bfg agfpg @@ s/f] 8sf] nfut l:6d] 6 tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . clxn] gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] d} bfgdf v] n v] Ngnfos agfpg *) nfv eGbf a9Lsf] ah] 6 ljlgof] hg ug{] lg0f{o ul/;s] sf] 5 . z'?df ^) ld6/ /] l8P;sf] cfwf/df agfOPsf] d} bfg clxn] km/flsnf] kfl/Psf] 5 . *) ld6/sf] /] l8P;df d} bfg kf“r ljufx hldgdf km} lnPsf] ndxL gu/ ljsf; ;ldltsf ;jOl~hlgo/ t'n;L/fd cof{nn] atfpg'eof] . clxn] v] nf8Lsf] ;lqmotfdf d} bfg kltof] lutf v] Ng nfos agfOPsf] 5 . g] kfnaf6 c08/–!( sf] 6'gf{d] G6df v] ln;s] sf a] nf uflj;sf /fhjL/ l;+xsf] ljz] if kxndf ndxLdf ef/tsf] k6gf / b] pv'/ Lsf] lqms] 6 l6daLr kltof] lutf x'g yfn] sf] xf] . b] pv'/ Lsf] ljsf;;“u d} bfg hf] l8Psf] eGb} v] nf8Lx?nfO{ pT;flxt agfpg ;d'bfosf ;a} n] ;xof] u ug{ cfjZos /x] sf] ;r{ km/ af“sL clGtd k] hdf:
sf7df8f} +, @ ebf} . ;/sf/n] kb] z ;Ldf+sgsf qmddf ePsf cfGbf] ngsf qmddf Hofg u'dfPsf %@ hgfnfO{ zxLb 3f] if0ff u/] sf] 5 . zxLb 3f] if0ff ul/Psf %@ hgfdf !! hgf ;'/ IffsdL{ /x] sf 5g\ . 6Lsfk'/ em8kdf dfl/Psf !) ;'/IffsdL{ / dxf]Q/Ldf dfl/Psf PshgfnfO{ zxLb 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . laxLjf/ a;]sf] dlGqkfl/ifb\ a}7saf6 pgLx?nfO{ zxLb 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . …of] 3f]if0ff;“u} d[tssf kl/jf/n] !) nfv ?k}of“ Ifltk"lt{ kfpg]5g\Ú– ;/sf/sf kjQmf Pj+ ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;'/]Gbs'df/ sfsL{n] a}7skl5 hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . a} 7sn] t/fO{– dw] z cfGbf] ngsf qmddf Iflt ePsf] lghL tyf /fli6«o ;DklQsf] tYo ;+sng Pj+ 5fglag ug{ k"j{GofofwLz lul/zrGbnfn bf;sf] cWoIftfdf ;ft ;b:oLo cfof] u u7g u/] sf] 5 . h;sf ;b:ox? kwfgdGqL;“usf] ;dGjodf u[xdGqfnon] rog ug] { lg0f{o klg a} 7sn] u/] sf] 5 . of] ;“u} ;/sf/n] ;+o'Qm nf] stflGqs dw] zL df] rf{;lxtsf] ;+3Lo u7aGwgn] p7fg u/] sf dfudWo] kd'v b'O{ dfunfO{ ;Daf] wg u/] sf] 5 . ;Qf ;fem] bf/ kd'v b'O{ bn g] kfnL sf+u] ; / g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb / ;+o'Qm nf] stflGqs dw] zL df] rf{;lxtsf] ;+3Lo u7aGwgaLr ePsf] tLga'“b] ;xdltdf u7aGwgsf tkm{af6 p7fg ePsf dfudWo] tL dfu k"/ f x'g] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . To:t} dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a} 7sn] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg sfo{ljlw;DaGwL ljw] os th{'df ug{ / sfa'n ad cfqmd0fdf k/L d[To' ePsf g] kfnL d[tssf] zj :jb] zdf Nofpg vr{ ePsf] (! nfv !^ xhf/ ;ft ;o @) nfO{ ;} 4flGts :jLs[lt;d] t lbPsf] 5 . ckmuflg:tfgsf] /fhwfgL sfa'ndf c;f/ ^ df ePsf] ad lj:kmf] 6gsf] 36gfdf k/L !# g] kfnLsf] csfndf d[To' ePsf]
lyof] . ;/sf/n] ;f] cft+ssf/L 36gfdf k/L d[To' ePsfsf] lgMz'Ns ¿kdf zj g] kfn NofO{ kl/jf/hgnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/] sf] lyof] . ;fy} ;f] 36gfsf] 5fglag ug{ >d tyf /f] huf/ dGqfnosf ;lrj lji0f'k;fb nD;fnsf] ;+of] hsTjdf sfo{bn ;d] t u7g ePsf] lyof] . a} 7sn] kwfgdGqLsf hg;Dks{ ;Nnfxsf/df dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf kf] ln6Ao"/ f] ;b:o /fdbLk cfrfo{nfO{ lgo'Qm u/] sf] 5 . a} 7sn] ;/sf/sf] kjQmfdf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;'/ ] Gbs'df/ sfsL{nfO{ rog u/] sf] 5 . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;/sf/sf] kjQmf tf] lsg] k/Dk/f /lxcfPsf] 5 . sfsL{n] ;fpg #) ut] ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'ePsf] lyof] . ;~rf/dGqLnfO{ ;/sf/sf] kjQmf agfpg] k/Dk/fcg';f/ kfoM kwfgdGqLsf] bnsf] g] tfnfO{ g} ;~rf/dGqLdf lgo'Qm ug] { ul/G5 . lglw ef/t k:yfg kwfgdGqLsf ljz] if b"tsf ?kdf pkkwfg Pj+ u[xdGqL ljdn] Gb lglw ef/t ed0fdf hfg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“ laxLjf/ ck/fGx lbNnL k:yfg ug'{ePsf] xf] . ed0fsf qmddf pxf“n] /fi6«klt ljBf e08f/Ln] ef/tLo ;dsIfL k0fj d'vhL{nfO{ k7fPsf] g] kfn ed0fsf] lgDtf] kq lbg'x'g] 5 . pxf“n] g] kfnsf /fi6«klt / kwfgdGqLsf] ef/t ed0fsf] jftfj/0f agfpg kxn ug'{x'g] 5 . cfkm\gf] ef/t ed0fsf qmddf kwfgdGqLsf] ef/t ed0fsf Ph] 08faf/] ;d] t 5nkmn ug{] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pkkwfgdGqL lglwn] cfkm\gf] ef/t ed0fsf] p2] Zo g] kfn ef/tsf] ;DjGw cem ;'dw'/ agfpg' ePsf] atfpg'eof] . kwfgdGqLsf ljz] if b"t lglwn] lbNnLdf z'qmjf/ / zlgjf/ pRr:t/Lo e] 6jftf{ ug'{x'g] 5 . o;qmddf @)^@÷^# sf] cfGbf] ngsf] ;dodf g] t[Tjdf /x] sf ef/tLo g] tfx?;“u klg e] 6\g] / o;n] klg ;DaGw ;'wf/df ;xof] u ug{] lglwn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ kwfgdGqL kr08sf] ef/t ed0f ;DejtM cfufdL ;] K6] Da/df x'g;S5 .
g]lj;+3sf] cWoIfdf dx/ lgjf{lrt o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, @ ebf} . g] kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 -g] lj;+3_ sf] cWoIfdf gogl;+x dx/ lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . laxLjf/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] dtkl/0ffdcg';f/ dx/ Ps xhf/ tLg ;o #$ dtsf ;fy ljhoL x'g'ePsf] kd'v lgjf{rg clws[t e/tk;fb
v/] nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf lgs6td kltåGåL dgf] hdl0f cfrfo{n] Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o gf} dt kfKt ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To;} u/L dxfdGqLdf s'Gbg sfkm\n] / ;/f] h af“sL clGtd k] hdf:
kfx'gfx?df v'zLsf] va/ †
xfdf ;]jfx? M
k"j{klZrd dx]Gb /fhdfu{l:yt ;6]sf] efn'jfª k'Nrf]sb]lv !%)) ld6/ klZrd, s6]zgfnf k'nb]lv #)), ld6/ k"j{df kfx'gfx?sf] ;'ljwfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL æxf]6n :sfO{ Psk6s 6r, g]kfnÆ -Hotel Sky Touch, Nepal_ gfds ;]jf ;'ljwf;DkGg cTofw'lgs ug]{ df}sf xf]6ndf kfx'gfx?nfO{ xflb{s lbg'xf];\ . :jfut ub{5f}+ .
!= P6] h afy?d ;lxtsf] P;L ;'ljwf ePsf] ?dx? . @= g] kfnL, Ol08og, ;fpy Ol08og, rfOlgh, c/ljog, dn] lzog, hfklgh tyf :yflgo rf}w/L vfgfsf kl/sf/x? tyf gf:tfsf] /fdf] kaGw ePsf] . #= :jR5, x/fe/f, zfGt / ;'/ lIft Pjd\ aftfj/0fd}qL ePsf] . $= pQ/ / blIf0f b'a}tkm{ ;'Gb/ xl/ofnL jgh+un ;lxtsf] r'/ ] kxf8sf] b[Zofjnf] sg ug{ ;lsg] . %= :j:yfgL jt{syfdf pNn] v ePsf] ;ltb] jLsf] afFof 3'F8f ktg ePsf] kfrLg ebfIfLb] jLsf] dlGb/ cjl:yt /x] sf] kljq wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo :yn b] jLsf] 6 / wfgvf] nf slknj:t' l:yt kljq lzju9L dlGb/ ;d] tsf] b[Zofjnf] sg ug{ ;lsg] . ^= b] pv'/ L pkTosfsf] laraf6 aUg] snsnfpFbf] /fKtL gbLdf af] l6ª ug{ ;'ljwf ePsf] . &= ko{6sLo If] q M kljq lty{:yn :ju{4f/L bz{g, ;'kfdfO{ -;'kfb] p/fnL_ c3f{vfFrL, ;tj/Lofsf] auf/afaf l/xf/, /f] Nkfsf] hnhnfdfO{ bz{g, bfª lhNnfsf] wf/fkfgL, rl/ª\u] bx, afxs'g] bx, afugfy afaf h+uns'6L uf] j/l8xf, /fKtL lsgf/f ;to'u tkf] jg wfld{swfd efn'jfª, rv] jftfn auf;f] tL, hv] / ftfn l6s'nLu9, xif] {8fF8f tfn nfndl6of nufotsf wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] cjnf] sg tyf bz{gsf nflu Joj:yf ePsf] . *= uf8L a'lsªsf] klg Joj:yf ePsf] .
kf]= Clif/fd kf}8]n÷sf}zNof kf}8]n, ;Dks{ g+= (*$$()#(!(, )*@–%*)@%( Joj:yfks M df]xg k;fb zdf{, ;Dks{ g+= (*^*^@#$#^ -7]ufgf M nfndl6of–# kfvfkfgL b]pv'/L, bfª_