CMYK
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8]lne/L Eofg ljqmLdf df?tL ;'h'sL sDkgLsf] @)!@ df]8]nsf] 8]lne/L Eofg ljqmLdf 5 . kfp/f]6L, rfprfp, d;nf pBf]usf nflu clt pkof]uL . vl/b ug{ rfxg]n] t'= ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . ;Dks{M
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www.nayayougbodh.com
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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Sept. 12, 2017)
sfi7 pBf]u Joj;foL ;+3sf] ;"rgf † sfi7 pBf]u Jofj;foL ;+3 bfªsf] ljz]if ;fwf/0f;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf ldlt @)&$ >fj0f #) ut] o'uaf]w /fli6«o b}lgsdf ksflzt eO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] ;a} ;b:ox?nfO{ lnlvt ;"rgf ug{ g;lsPsf]n] o;} ;"rfgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL tkl;nsf] ldlt / ;dodf ;b:otf lnPsf jf lng afFsL ;Dk"0f{ sfi7 tyf kmlg{r/ Joj;foLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf kmd{sf ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft / b'Ok{ lt kmf]6f] ;lxt clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf nflu k'gM ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ldlt M @)&$ ebf} @* ut] ;do M laxfg * ah] :yfg M ndxL gu/kflnsf–# hv]/ftfn b]pv'/L, bfª
keft zfx -cWoIf_
sfi7 pBf]u Joj;foL ;+3, bfª
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dlxnf g] tfx?sf] hf] 8
…;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;+3if{Ú o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf 3f] / fxL, @^ ebf} . ljleGg cfGbf] ngsf] kltkmn:j?k gof“ ;+ljwfgdf dlxnf clwsf/sf s'/ f w] / } ;d] l6P klg ca o;sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu yk ;+3if{ ug'{kg] { dlxnf g] tfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] ;f+: s[lts cfGbf] ngdf ;d] t ;d:of b] lvg yfn] sf] eGb} n} +lus ;dfgtf / ;dfj] zL ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu /fhgLlt;“u} ;f+: s[lts cfGbf] ngdf klg hf] 8 lbg'kg] { atfP . 3f] / fxLdf ePsf] cg] d;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf] kf“r g+= kb] zsf] kyd ;Dd] ng pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf af] Nb} g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf zLif{ txsf dlxnf g] tfx?n] o:tf] wf/0ff /fv] sf x'g\ . dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf ;+3sf k"j{s] GbLo cWoIf hok'/ L 3tL{n] hgo'4df cfkm"x?n] p7fPsf dlxnf d'lQmsf ;jfndf w] / } d'2f ;Daf] wg eP klg sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of b] lvg yfn] sf] atfpg'eof] . …;+ljwfgn] cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf, 5f] / LnfO{ klg k} t[s ;DklQ, /fHo;Qfdf ;dfg'kflts kltlglwTj ;'lglZrt u/] sf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …t/ oL ;a} pknlAw sfof{Gjogdf Pskl5 csf] { ;d:of b] lvg yfn] sf] 5, o;df s8f ;+3if{sf] vf“rf] b] lvPsf] 5 . cfkm} n] 5f] / LnfO{ gful/stf lb“bf sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] gfd sfl6lbPsf] u'gf;f] ub} { pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;+ljwfg ag] / dfq x'“bf] / x] g5, To;nfO{ hLjg Jojxf/df
nfu' ug{;Sbf dfq qmflGtn] ;fy{stf kfp“5, ca xfdL pknlAw /Iff / sfof{Gjogdf nfUg'k5{ .Ú olt rf“8} g] kfndf olt 7"nf] dlxnf d'lQm x'G5 eGg] w] / } n] g;f] r] sf] pNn] v ub} { pxf“n] cfkm"x?n] u/] sf] hgo'4s} sf/0f of] ;Dej ePsf] atfpg'eof] . csf{ ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ dfcf] jfbL ;+;bLo bnsf kd'v ;r] ts /] vf zdf{n] /fhgLlts?kdf dlxnfsf] ;Gbe{df w] / } kl/jt{g eP klg nfu' x'g ;d:of b] lvPsf] atfpg'eof] . To;sf nflu ;+3if{sf] ljsNk gePsf] pNn] v ub} { pxf“n] dfcf] jfbLn] Tof] ;+3if{sf] g] t[Tj ug] { atfpg'eof] . lxhf] ;+ljwfg agfpg] / agfpg glbg] kIfaLr ;+3if{ ePh:t} ca ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog x'g lbg] / glbg] kIfaLr ;+3if{ x'g] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . cg] d;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf s] GbLo cWoIf cd[tf yfkf du/n] ca dlxnfd'lQm cleofg yk ;fy{s
agfpg ;f+: s[lts cfGbf] ngnfO{ klg cl3 a9fpg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . hgo'4sf] qmddf dlxnf / k'?ifaLr ;dfgtfsf] cEof; eP klg clxn] lj:tf/} ;dfh k'/ fg} cj:yfdf kmls{g vf] h] sf] eGb} pxf“n] o;sf nflu lg/Gt/ ;f+: s[lts sfo{qmddf hf] 8 lbg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf dlxnf ljefu kd'v sdnf /f] sfn] /fhgLlts?kdf kfKt pknlAwnfO{ cfd dlxnfn] hLjg Aojxf/d} cg'e"t ug] { u/L nfu' ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . hgo'4sf sf/0f g] kfnL ;dfhdf 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfPsf] / To;nfO{ ;+ljwfgdf lnlka4 ul/Psf] eP klg cfd dlxnf;Dd o;sf] kl/0ffd gk'u] sf] eGb} pxf“n] ca cfd dlxnfnfO{ ;+ul7t u/] / yk ;+3if{sf] dfWodaf6 ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . gof“ nf] stGq 3/–3/df k'Ug'k5{M cgGt ;Dd] ng pb\3f6g ub} { kd'v
cltly dfcf] jfbL ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ % g+= kb] z O~rfh{ jif{dfg k'g … cgGtÚ n] dfcf] jfbL hgo'4n] g] kfndf gof“ nf] stGq NofPsf] pNn] v ub} { of] 3/–3/;Dd k'Ug'kg] { atfpg'eof] . @)$* b] lv @)%^ ;Ddsf r'gfjdf g] kfndf ;fthgf dlxnf ;f+;b ePsf] / hgo'4sf sf/0f cfPsf] kl/jt{gkl5 @)^$ ;fndf Ps} k6s !(& hgf dlxnf ;f+;b ag] sf] gd"gf k] z ub} { pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …dlxnf, hghflt, ul/a, pTkLl8t ;a} sf ;jfndf hgo'4 Ps j[xt qmflGt lyof] , o;n] p7fPsf s} og ;jfn ;+ljwfgdf ;d] l6Psf klg 5g\ t/ hgtfsf] 3/–3/df k'¥ofpg af“sL g} 5, casf] sfo{ef/ oxL xf] .Ú kfKt pknlAwnfO{ sfof{Gjog ub} { ;dfhjfbL qmflGtsf/L tof/Ldfkm{t af“sL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug] { klg pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . cg] d;+3 qmflGtsf/L % g+= kb] z O~rfh{ bfdf zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf yf? d'lQm df] rf{sf sf] iffWoIf c~hgf rf} w/L, dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs ;~hfnsf s] GbLo ;lrj nIdL cfrfo{, du/ d'lQm df] rf{sf pkfWoIf eLds'df/L af“7f du/nufotn] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] . k'gd z] kf{OnLsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng kb] z ;+of] hs kfj{tL k'gn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf kb] zel/ :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf ljhoL ePsf dlxnf hgkltlglwnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
dlxgf lbgd} lauG5g\ u'08fubL{ k"/} lgd{"n ul/g]5M PcfOhL nfdf ahf/sf l;l; Sofd/f t'n;LKf'/ , @^ ebf} -o';_– t'n;LKf'/ pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3n] ev{/ } cfPsf kx/L kd'vx?nfO{ :jfut u/] sf] 5 . kf“r g+= kb] z kx/L d'Vofno kd'v PcfOhL ldªdf/ nfdf, ;+3Lo kx/L
q cfef; a'9fyf] sL 3f] / fxL, @^ ebf} . zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ ;xof] u k'¥ofpg] p2] Zon] 3f] / fxL ahf/sf eL8ef8 / b'3{6gf x'g] ;Sg] 7fp“sf d'Vo–d'Vo rf] sx?df ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] l;l; Sofd/f dlxgf lbgd} laug] u/] sf 5g\ . bfª lhNnf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;xof] udf @)&! ;fndf Efm08} !@ nfvsf] nufgLdf 3f] / fxLsf ;ftj6f rf] sdf l;l; Sofd/f ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] ] lyof] . t/ tL l;l; Sofd/f b'O{ dlxgf gk'Ub} laluP . Sofd/fsf] h8fgsf] lhDdf kfPsf] a/fx ;Knfo;{sf ;~rfns lw/h kf} 8] nn] ef] N6] h tndfly x'“bf / 7fp“–7fp“df tf/x? r'“l8Psfn] s] xL Sofd/fx? laluPsf] atfpg'eof] . Sofd/faf6 ahf/df lgu/fgL /fVg sG6«f] n ?dsf lhNnf kx/L sfof{nodf CMYK
/flvPsf] lyof] . sG6«f] n ?dn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;ftj6f l;l; Sofd/fdWo] b'O{ jif{;Dd s] xL Sofd/fx?n] dfq sfd u/] . t/ Ps jif{kl5 tL ;a} l;l; Sofd/fx? laluP . Sofd/fx? laluPkl5 em08} Ps jif{;Dd tL Sofd/fx? kof] udf gcfPsf] lhNnf kx/L sfof{no bfªn] hfgsf/L lbof] . )&$ ;fpgdf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3n] tLg nfv ^^ xhf/sf] nufgLdf k'gM Sofd/fx? ;~rfngdf Nofof] . t/ tL klg dlxgf lbgkl5 k'gM laluPsf] lhNnf kx/L sfof{no sG6«f] n ?dsf /fh] z /fjtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . klxn] sf Sofd/fx?df O:6] KnfOh/ gePsfn] ef] N6] h tndflyn] klxn] sf Sofd/fx? laluPsfn] o;k6s eg] kTo] s Sofd/fdf O:6] KnfOh/ / Aof6«L Aofsksf nflu OGe6{/ /flvPsf] pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf lgj{tdfg cWoIf x] d/fh a~hf8] n] af“sL $ k]hdf:
OsfO{ t'n;Lk'/ sf kd'v lbnLk rf} w/L, kx/L gfoj pk/LIfs /fk;fb 3tL{ du/, Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;LKf'/ sf kd'v /fh] Gbk;fb cof{n / kx/L lg/LIfs /d] z lji6nfO{ ;f] djf/ :jfut u/] sf] xf] .
j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ;'j0f{ cj;/ Û o; d':tfª cf]ef/l;hdf dn]l;ofsf ax'rlr{t sDkgLaf6 ;]So'l/6L uf8{sf] nflu dfu cfPsf]n] ;Dks{ ug'{ xf]nf .
b]z sDkgLsf] gfd sfdbf/sf] kb dn]lzof Paraforce ;]So'l/6L uf8{
pd]/ ;+Vof tna vfg÷a:g @%–$% %) $(,$)).– 5}g÷5
gf]6M oxL efb #! ut] bfªsf] 3f]/fxL / t'n;Lk'/df kmfOgn cGtjf{tf{ x'g] ePsf]n] lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ug'{ xf]nf .
d':tfª cf]e/l;h
af“sL % k]hdf:
sf7df8f}+ kmf]g g+= )!–$#*^%#@ bfªsf] nflu ;Dks{ /d]z cf]nL (*)(*)*!&#
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@)&$ ;fn ebf} @& ut] d+unaf/
(Sept. 12, 2017)
www.nayayougbodh.com
ljrf/
…yf?x? xfdf k'j{h x'gÚ\ cfTdxTof /f]Sg] cu;/tf vf]O{ < cl:t !) ;] K6] Da/sf lbg ljZj cfTdxTof /f] syfd lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/] / cfTdxTof /f] Sg ;Da4 kIfsf] Wofgfs[i6 u/fpg] sfd eof] . lbj;sf] cj;/d} ;xL lg/Gt/ a9\b} uO/x] sf] cfTdxTofsf sf/0f vf] Hg / cfTdxTof /f] syfdsf nflu ug'{kg] { sfdx?sf af/] df ljdz{ eP . ljZjdf a9\bf] cfTdxTof /f] syfd ug{ / o; ;d:ofklt ;r] t / hfu?s u/fpg] p2] Zon] ljut !% jif{b] lv ;] K6] Da/ !) sf lbg ljZj cfTdxTof /f] syfd lbj; dgfpg yflnPsf] lyof] . o; jif{ klg hLjg kl/jt{gsf nflu Ps ldg] 6 eGg] gf/fsf ;fy cfTdxTof /f] syfdsf nflu ;/f] sf/jfnfx?sf] e"ldsf vf] Hg] kof; ul/of] . g] kfnn] cfTdxTof /f] syfd lbj; dgfpFb} cfP klg cfTdxTofsf] >[+vnf /f] Sg kefjsf/L sfd ug{ ;ls/x] sf] 5} g eGg] s'/ f a9\bf] cfTdxTofsf] tYof+sn] b] vfPsf] 5 . ljZj :Jff:Yo ;+u7gn] ;fj{hlgs u/] sf ljleGg cWoog kltj] bgcg';f/ ljZjdf kTo] s $) ;] s] 08df Pshgfn] , Ps lbgdf tLg xhf/ hgfn] / jif{el/df cf7 nfv JolQmn] cfTdxTof ug{] u/] sf 5g\ . cem cfTdxTof u/] / hlt JolQmx?sf] d[To' eO/x] sf] 5 To;sf] t'ngfdf cfTdxTof kof; ug{] sf] ;+Vof @)–#) u'0ffn] a9L x'g] ub{5 . cfTdxTofsf] kof; ug{] df k'?if eGbf tLg u'0ffn] dlxnfsf] ;+Vof w] / } 5 . cfTdxTofsf ljifodf ul/Psf vf] h / cg';Gwfgn] ;a} eGbf w] / } cfTdxTof ug{] ljZjsf !) j6f b] zdf g] kfn & cf} + :yfgdf k5{ . ;fs{df g] kfn bf] ;f] / >Ln+sf klxnf] :yfgdf 5g\ . cfTdxTofsf] kof; ug{] () kltzt dflg;x?df s'g} g s'g} ksf/sf] dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of /x] sf] x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; dgf] j} 1flgsx?sf] /x] sf] 5 . ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gsf cg';f/ ljZjdf Ps jif{df d[To' x'g] dWo] !=% kltzt cyf{t cf7 nfv krf; xhf/ dflg;x?sf] d[To'sf] sf/0f cfTdxTof /x] sf] 5 eg] g] kfndf d[To' x'g] dWo] % kltzt d[To' cfTdxTofaf6 x'g] u/] sf] 5 . g] kfn kx/Lsf] tYof+s cg';f/ g] kfndf Ps lbgdf s/Lj !% hgfn] / kTo] s b'O{ 306fdf Pshgfn] cfTdxTof u/] sf] b] vfPsf] 5 . bfªs} s'/ f ubf{ klg jif{df b'O{;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf cfTdxTofsf 36gf eO/x] sf 5g\ . oL cfFs8fn] cfTdxTofaf6 d[To'j/0f ug] {x? ;fgf] ;+Vofdf gePsf] tYo hfx] / u5{g\ . t/ b'Mvsf] s'/ f olt 7"nf] ;+Vofdf eO/x] sf] d[To' /f] Sg eO/x] sf kof; eg] cToGt Go"g 5 . cfTdxTof eg] sf] cfkm\gf] hLjg cfkm} n] yfxf kfP/ g} cGTo ug] { sfd xf] . cfTdxTof eGbf s} of} + 7"nf] ;+Vofdf cfTdxTof kof; x'g] u5{ . Psk6s cfTdxTofsf] kof; ug] {x?n] bf] xf] ¥ofP/ To:tf] kof; ug] { ;+efjgf cToGt kjn x'G5 . t/ b'Mvsf] s'/ f cfTdxTofsf] ;+af] wg ug] { sfg"g;d] t xfdLsxfF 5} g . sfg"gsf] cefjdf cfTdxTofsf k5fl8sf sf/0fx?la?4 sfg'gL pkrf/df hfg ;Dej 5} g . cfTdxTofsf] lg0f{o ug] {x?dfly g} ;Dk"0f{ bf] if lbP/ pg} nfO{ ck/fwL dfGg] krng oBlk 5Fb} 5 . unt / e] befjo'Qm ;fdflhs dfGotfn] klg JolQmnfO{ cfTdxTofsf] ljsNk gb] Vg] kl/l:yltdf k'¥ofO/x] sf] x'G5 . To;} n] cfTdxTofnfO{ dg] {sf] JolQmut dfldnfsf] ?kdf dfq a'em\g'x'Fb} g . cfTdxTof s;} sf] /x/ / OR5fn] x'Fb} g . ;d:ofsf] ;xL ;dfwfg vf] Hg g;Sbf jf gkfpFbf ;d:ofaf6 pDsg jf efUgsf] nflu cfTdxTofsf] af6f] /f] Hg] u/] sf] kfOG5 . cfTdxTof JolQmsf] PSnf] lg0f{o eP klg To;sf k5fl8sf ljleGg sf/0fn] p;nfO{ cfTdxTof ug{ afWo agfpg] xf] . To;} n] cfTdxTof /f] syfdsf nflu cfjZos sfg"g lgdf{0fdf hf] 8 lbg'sf ;fy} cfTdxTof ug{ afWo kfg] { ;fdflhs kl/l:ylt kl/jt{gtkm{ ;a} n] ;f] Rg'k5{ .
hgkltlglwx?nfO{ lgj]bg ut jif{ 3f] / fxL If] qdf e': ofxf s's'/ x? s] xL sd eP . ljBfno hfg] ljBfyL{x?, laxfg} k] zf ug] { Aoj;foLx?, laxfgsf k} bn ofqLx?nufot e': ofxf s's'/ sf] /ftel/sf] kk ;+uLtaf6 jfSs lbSs ePsfx?n] 3f] / fxL gu/kflnsfnfO{ wGojfb lbP . Tof] klg cGt/Xbob] lv g} . t/ clxn] ;do / :yfgLo txsf] zf;gz} nL km] l/Psf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] 6fpsf] df pk zAb hf] l8Psf] 5 . sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgb] {zs hgkltlglw ag] sf 5g\ . Tolt a] nf sd{rf/Laf6} ;Dej ePsf] e': ofxf s's'/ lgoGq0f clxn] hgkltlglwaf6 x'g g;Sg' nfh dfGg} kg] { ljifo xf] . r'gfj tfsf w] / } eGbf w] / } sfd u5f} {+ egL kfgL vf“b} efif0f 7f] Sg] hgkltlglwx? hfaf] e': ofxf s's'/ lgoGq0f ug] { cf“6, kof; / of] hgf agfpg ;Sb} g eg] c? kl/jt{gsf] cfzf ug{ ;lsGg . :df6{ l;6L aGgdf e': ofxf s's'/ klg afws 5g\ . laxfg} s's'/ 8f] ¥ofpg] s's'/ k] dLx?nfO{ /x/ k'u] kl5 e': ofxf s's'/ agfpg gx'g] dfkb08 agfpg'k¥of] . hgkltlglwx?n] pkdxfgu/ If] qdf slt e': ofxf s's'/ 5g\ / ltgn] dfgj ultljlwdf s] s:tf] c;/ kfl//x] sf 5g\ a'em\g] kof; ug{'k¥of] . e': ofxf s's'/ af6 x'g] kL8f a'em\g s]xL lbg dfq} eP klg hgkltlglwx?nfO{ dlg{ªjfsdf lg:sg o;} kqdfkm{t ;fb/ lgj] bg ub{5' . u lbg] z jnL 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf–!*, bfª
@)$& ;fn bz+} tfsf hfkfgsf] leh'laon km\nf] snf] / sDkgL, 6f] lsof] af6 lgb] {zs lstfd'/ fsf] g] t[Tjdf b'O{hgf Sofd/fDofg / Pshgf bf] eflifof l/sf] lx/f] ;lxt bzhgfsf] 6f] nL sf7df8f+} af6 bfª 3f] / fxLdf n] vsnfO{ vf] Hb} cfP / n] vsnfO{ ufO8 ug{ cg'/ f] w u/] . pgLx?sf] cg'/ f] wnfO{ of] n] vsn] :jLsf/ u/] kl5 yf? ;+: s[ltsf] klxnf] ;'l6ª d3} bfªdf eof] . To;kl5 wwjf/ uflj; alb{ofdf eof] . Tolta] nf s0ff{nLsf] k'n alg;s] sf] lyPg . g] kfnu~haf6 Kn] g l/he{ u/] / cfsfzaf6 t/fO{sf] 3g3f] / h+un / kxf8sf] ;'l6ª ub} { 6f] nL wgu9L k'Uof] . tTsfnLg >Lk'/ uflj;sf] kmSsnk'/ , hf] Gxfk'/ / dhufp“df yf? ;+: s[ltsf] ;'l6ª eof]] . To;kl5 pgLx? ;'l6ª ug{sf nflu rf‘/ } lt/ h+unn] 3] l/Psf] aLrdf yf? j:tL ePsf] :yfg vf] h] . pgLx? kfrLg yf? j:tLsf] lrq ptfg{ rfxGy] . To:tf] j:tL s~rgk'/ lhNnfsf] k/fp ufp“ km] nf k¥of] . Toxf‘“ :yfgLo /fgf yf? / bfªaf6 a;fO ;/L uPsf b+uf} / f yf?x?sf] klg a;f] af; lyof] . 6f] nLn] Toxf“ /fgf yf?x?sf] kVoft xf/L gfr ;'l6ª u¥of] . To;kl5 6f] nL lrtjgsf] ;f} / fxfdf ;'l6ª u/] / hfkfg kms] {sf] lyof] . n] vsnfO{ hfkfg ;fy} nfgsf nflu w] / } k6s cfux u/] sf lyP t/ n] vssf] sfG5f] 5f] / f la/fdL ePsf sf/0f pgL hfkfg hfg] cj;/ h'/]g . bf] eflifof l/sf] lx/f] hfkfgL efiffdf ksflzt k': ts x] / ] / elGyg\– …xfdf k'vf{x? klZrdaf6 ;'b"/ k"j{ hfkfg;Dd o;} If] qaf6 lx“8] / uPsf lyP . yf?x? xfdf k'vf{ x'g\ . yf? ;+: s[lt xfdf] kfrLg ;+: s[lt xf] .Ú t/fO{sf] h+undf sf7sf] kf} jf -rKkn_ nufP/ ufO{ e} ;L r/fO/x] sf yf?x?nfO{ b] Vbf / dlxnfx?nfO{ x] Nsf, tfkLn] df5f dfl//x] sf] b] Vbf of] t xfd} kfrLg hfkfgL ;+: s[lt xf] eGy] . ;'l6ª ubf{ub} { s'g} –s'g} 7fp“df pgLx? lgs} v'zL x'Gy] . Tolt a] nf n] vs pgLx?sf] s'/ f ;'Gb} pgLx?sf] v'lzofnL b] v] / rlst k/] sf] lyof] . cfheGbf ;ft s/f] 8 jif{ klxn] xfdf] kljq e"lddfly ;fu/ nx/fO/x] sf] lyof] . kfrLg ;dodf pQ/df c+uf/f Nof08 -n/] lG;of_ / blIf0fdf uf] 08jfgf Nof08sf] aLr efudf ljzfn vf8n -lr/f_ k/] sf] lyof] . To;sf] aLr efudf cfNk; / e"dWo ;fu/;Dd 6] ly; gfds ;fu/sf] cl:tTj lyof] . jt{dfg ef/tsf] pQ/L efu / ltAatsf] em08} cfwf efu;Dd e"dWo ;fu/sf] v08sf] ?kdf of] km} lnPsf] lyof] . xfnsf] pQ/L ;fOa] l/of / blIf0f ef/taf6 6] ly; ;fu/df aUg] vf] nfgfnfx?n] jif] {lg cf] ;fb} { NofPsf kbfy{x? o; 6] ly; ;fu/sf] lr/fdf y'kfbf{–y'kfbf{ kf“r xhf/b] lv ;ft
bfªdf k'/ ftflTjs ljifosf] cWoog ug] { kof; t ;j{kyd lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf kfWofks 8f= /fd lgjf; kf08] åf/f ;g\ !(^^ df ePsf] lyof] . pgn] gf/fo0fk'/ ahf/eGbf b'O{ lsnf] ld6/ blIf0f s6'sL ;] jf/df df6f] df k'l/Psf] cj:yfdf !( ;] dL nfdf] , &=# ;] =dL= sf6\g] wf/ ePsf] / $ ;] dL ;dfTg] aL“8 ePsf] gjkfiff0f o'uLg xft] a~r/f] km] nf kf/] sf lyP . Tof] a~r/f] w] / } k'/ fgf] lyPg nueu bz xhf/ aif{ otfsf] gof“ vfnsf] lyof] .
u dx]z rf}w/L xhf/ ld6/;Dd afSnf] tx hDdf x'g k'Uof] . Kn] 6 6] S6f] lgs l;¢fGt cg';f/ a] hf] 8 ef} ule{s zlQmn] blIf0fsf] ef/tLo -lxGb– ci6«] lnofnL_ v08 pQ/lt/ ;b} { uof] . ltAatL v08lt/ ws] lnPkl5 ;fu/sf] lk+w rk] 6fdf k/]/ ;j{kyd cfheGbf c6\7fO; s/f] 8 jif{ klxn] dxfef/t kj{tsf] pTklQ eof] . bL3{sfnLs?kdf nfvf} + ef} ule{s xnrnsf sNkx?n] ubf{ ;fu/sf] lk+w ljleGg qmddf p7\g k'Uof] / sfnfGt/df df] 8bf/ kj{tx? aGg k'u] . dxfef/t kj{t alg;s] kl5 klg pQ/ / blIf0faf6 y'kfg] { lqmof lg/Gt/ rln/x\of] . sfnfGt/df bf] ;f] xnrn cfheGbf t] x s/f] 8 krf; nfv jif{ klxn] eof] / lxdfno kj{tsf] lgdf{0f eof] . t] ;f] xnrn cfheGbf Ps s/f] 8 rfln; xhf/ jif{ k"j{ eof] / r'/ ] kj{t lgdf{0f x'g] qmddf ;fu/af6 bfª / gjnk/f;Lsf] ;tklt If] q PsfPs ;fu/af6 dfly cfOlbof] clg kl5 dfq r'/ ] kj{tsf] lgdf{0f eof] . r'/ ] kj{t >[+vnf cflb dfgjsf] pj{/ e"ld dflgG5 . Pgcf/ jghL{ / h] Pn zdf{n] ;g\ !(^( df / hgsnfn zdf{n] ;g\ !(*# df y'k} rlDsnf 9'Ë] a~r/fx? bfª 6l/ufp“ xjfO{ d} bfgeGbf cfwf ldn k"j{ Ujf/vf] nfdf km] nf kf/] sf lyP . t/ pgLx?n] oL xltof/ slxn] sf x'g\ eg] / ltly lgwf{/ 0f ug{ ;s] sf lyPgg\ . To:tf xltof/ af/] cfkm\gf] b:tfj] hdf pNn] v dfq u/] sf 5g\ . bfªdf k'/ ftflTjs ljifosf] cWoog ug] { kof; t ;j{kyd lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf kfWofks 8f= /fd lgjf; kf08] åf/f ;g\ !(^^ df ePsf] lyof] . pgn] gf/fo0fk'/ ahf/eGbf b'O{ lsnf] ld6/ blIf0f s6'sL ;] jf/df df6f] df k'l/Psf] cj:yfdf !( ;] dL nfdf] , &=# ;] =dL= sf6\g] wf/ ePsf] / $ ;] dL ;dfTg] aL“8 ePsf] gjkfiff0f o'uLg xft] a~r/f] km] nf kf/] sf lyP . Tof] a~r/f] w] / } k'/ fgf] lyPg nueu bz xhf/ aif{ otfsf] gof‘ vfnsf] lyof] . 8f= /fdlgjf; kf08] n] alb{of lhNnfdf e'/ Lufp“eGbf pQ/ bfgjx? a;f] af; u/] sf] bfgjtfnaf/] ;d] t cWoog u/] sf lyP .
;g\ !(*! df t'n;Lk'/ –3f] / fxLsf] /fhdfu{ aGbfv] l/ bfª lahf} / Lsf] l9:sf] df 8f] h/n] sfd ul//x] sf] cj:yfdf hldgeGbf * lkm6 d'lg k'l/Psf] cj:yfdf *=* ;] dL nfdf] / & ;] dL Jof; ePsf] xft] a~r/f] 8f= l8NnL/fh zdf{n] km] nf kf/] sf lyP . Tof] klg gjkfiff0fsfnLg xft] a~r/f] lyof] . ;g\ !(*) df g] zgn Hof] uflkmsn ;f] ;fO6L, cd] l/sfsf] PnP;aL= n] sL kmfp08] zg / lqe'jg ljZjljBfno, g] kfnsf] ;+o'Qm cGj] ifs 6f] nLn] klZrdL g] kfnsf] lzjflns If] qsf] cl:yk~h/ -FF Fossils_ ;DaGwL cWoog u/] sf] lyof] . pQm 6f] nLn] ;g\ !(*# df …Go" kmf] l;N; l8:se8{ kmfd b dfof] l;g ckm g] kfn OgSn'8 xf] df] lg8Ú zLif{sdf cfkm\gf] l/kf] 6{ ksflzt u¥of] . pQm 6f] nLn] a'6jnsf] hnljB't af“wsf] () ld6/ klZrddf cjl:yt ltgfp gbLsf] klZrdL lsgf/fdf kfNkf lhNnfsf] tTsfnLg bf] efg uflj;sf] l;¢afaf If] qdf pQm cjz] if cl:y km] nf k/] sf] lyof] . pQm cl:y cd] l/sfdf k] n DofUg] l6s ljlwåf/f cWoog ul/of] / of] cl:y () nfv jif{ k'/ fgf] ePsf] cg'dfg ul/of] . g] kfndf afx] s /fdflky] s;sf cjz] ifx? rLg, s] Gof, uL;, 6sL{, x+u] / L / kfls:tfgdf ;d] t km] nf k/] sf 5g\ h;dWo] ;a} eGbf k'/ fgf] cjz] if 6sL{sf] dflgG5 . ;g\ !(*$ df hd{glj1 u'8?g sf] lj{g;nfO{ g] kfndf dfgj j:tLsf] Oltxf;af/] cWoog ug] { OR5f hfUof] . of] cWoogsf nflu hd{g cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\n] bz jif{ cWoogsf nflu …hLcf] cfsf] {nf] hLsn kf] h] S6, g] kfnÚ gfds kf] h] S6 :jLs[t ul/lbof] . sf] lj{g;n] cWoog u/] sf] If] q r'/ ] lgdf{0f x'g'eGbf klxn] ;fu/af6 dfly cfPsf] If] q bfª / r'/ ] lgdf{0f ePkl5sf] If] q dxf] Q/L lhNnfsf] b"gleq kg] { /ftf] gbL If] q /x] sf lyP . sf] lj{g;n] cWoog / cg';Gwfgaf6 Pp6f gof“ s'/ f kQf nufOg Tof] xf] – bfª / gjnk/f;Lsf] ;tklt cflb :yfgx?df dWo kfiff0f -kf“r nfv jif{ k"j{sf_ kfrLg
dfgj j:tLsf :ynx? kfOof] eg] / cfkm\gf] kltj] bg "Pre- historic Hunters Gathers in the Siwaliks in Nepal' df pNn] v u/] sL 5g\ . tL cflb dfgjx? oxf“ jif{df Ps b'O{ k6s cfpg] hfg] ub{y] . sflj{g;n] o; :yndf dWo kfiff0f o'usf dfgj ;+: s[lt / dfgj j:tLx?sf :yn kQf nufP/ af} l¢s hutdf Pp6f xnrn k} bf ul/ lbOg\ . k/Dk/fut wf/0ff klg cfkm\gf] 7fp“df ;xL lyof] t/ dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f of] lyof] ls r'/ ] lgdf{0f x'g] a] nf oL :ynx? PsfPs dfly cfOlbgfn] oL :ynx? cflb dfgjsf nflu ;xf/f:yn aGg k'u] . 8f= l8NnL/fh zdf{sf cg';f/ bfªdf kfKt rd] / ] / d'Nsf] 6sf u'kmfx? ;DejtM yf?x?sf] x'g ;S5 eg] / cfkm\gf] kltj] bgdf pNn] v u/] sf 5g\ . bfªdf kfOPsf 9'Ë] cf} hf/x? ef/tLo dxfb] z;“u d] n vfg] lyof] . t/ dxf] Q/Lsf] /ftf] gbL If] qdf kfKt 9'Ë] cf} hf/x? bfªdf kfOP hlt k'/ fgf] lyPg gof“ vfnsf] lyof] . oxf“ kfOPsf 9'Ë] cf} hf/x? blIf0fk"j{ Plzofsf kfiff0f xltof/x?;“u ldNbfh'Nbf lyP . ;a} x] bf{ dxf] Q/Lsf] /ftf] gbL If] qdf kfKt kfiff0f xltof/x? leotgfdsf] xf] olaglxog pBf] u / ;'b"/ k"j{ ;'dfqf pBf] u;“u ldNbfh'Nbf lyP . o;af6 of] lgisif{ lg:sG5 ls bfª pkTosfdf cflb dfgjsf] a;f] af; cToGt kfrLg xf] eg] dxf] Q/Lsf] cln kl5sf] xf] . cflb dfgjsf] :yfgfGt/0f r'/ ] kj{t eP/ klZrdaf6 k"j{ ePsf] n] hfkfgLx?n] yf?x?nfO{ cfkm\gf] k"j{h 7fg] sf] x'g ;S5g\ . ;g\ !(*# df ef/tsf] dl0fk'/ /fHosf] k'/ ftTj ljefun] yf/f] gx?sf kf‘rj6f u'kmfx? ljleGg If] qdf km] nf kf/] sf] kltj] bg ksflzt u/] sf] lyof] . oxf“ yf/f] g zJbn] yf?x?nfO{ a'emfPsf] x'g ;S5 . cf;fdL slj Hof] lt k;fbn] cf;fd / g] kfnaLr /x] sf] ;DaGwaf/] cfkm\gf] sljtfdf o;/L pNn] v u/] sf 5g\ M æ;f] doL–df] OT/L/ df] O{ /g'jf 5fO{–alur/ df] O{ ad'jf gf–c;ldof df] O{ dgl;ËLof yn'jf g] kfnL lgTo s'znL df] gLk'/ Lof df] O{Æ oxf“ yn'jf g] kfnLsf] cy{ g] kfnsf yf?x?nfO{ a'emfp“5 . /fhf hgssf] kfnfdf cf;fd;Dd ljb] x /fHo cGtu{t kYof] { . hgs s'g} JolQmsf] gfd geO{ of] zAbn] u0f gfosnfO{ a'emfp“5 . Oltxf;df /fhf hgsx? klRr;eGbf a9L eP klg clGtd /fhf lz/Wjfh hgs x'g\ . pk/f] Qm p¢/0faf6 of] k'li6 x'G5 ls yf?x?sf] ;DaGw / a;f] af; k"j{ cf;fd, dl0fk'/ ;Dd /x] sf] a'lemG5 .
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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf wgf{, @^ ebf} . x/Kn] ; bfªsf] cfof] hgfdf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf–% wgf{df :yfgLo txdf ;/f] sf/jfnfx? / k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] ;] jf, ;'ljwf / ;fdflhs ;'/ Iff;DaGwL cGtlq{mof ;DkGg ePsf] 5. ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo tyf zflGt d~r ;fljs wgf{ uflj;sf ;+of] hs ltnljqmd k5fO{sf] cWoIftf tyf 3f] / fxL–% sf cWoIf lji0f'dl0f bfxfnsf] kd'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf af] Ng] jQmfx?n] k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{x?sf nflu ljz] if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{kg{] s'/ fdf hf] 8 lbPsf lyP . jQmfx?n] l;+xb/jf/sf] clwsf/ :yfgLo txdf cfO;s] sfn] åGåkLl8tx?sf nflu cfocfh{g tyf Ifdtf clea[l4 ug] {vfnsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{kg{] df hf] 8 lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf j8fWoIf lji0f'dl0f bfxfnn] cfkm" klg kLl8t ePsfn] åGåkLl8tx?sf nflu /fHosf] gLlt lgoddf /x] / h:tf] ;'s} ;xof] u ug{] klta4tf JoQm ug'{eof] . cfkm"n]
åGåkLl8tx?sf nflu ljz] if sfo{qmd 5'6\ofPsf] hfgsf/L u/fp“b} pxf“n] cfufdL lbgdf cem ;zQm eP/ nfUg] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 lbOg] ;] jf ;'ljwfsf ljifodf j8f;lrj nId0f clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . klxn] h;/L ;] jf ;'ljwf lb‘“b} cfPsf] hfgsf/L u/fp“b} ;lrj clwsf/Ln] åGåkLl8tx?sf nflu cfkm"x?n] ;Sg] ug] { klta4tf ;xof] u AoQm ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf åGåkLl8tx?sf] tkm{af6 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf–% sf j8fWoIf;lxt ;a} hgkltlglwx?nfO{ vfbf / clj/n] :jfut tyf ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . To; cj;/df :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt bfªsf sfof{no ;lrj x] d/fh clwsf/L, j8f;b:o t'n;f v8\sf, dlxnf ;~hfnsf ;+of] hs ;Ltf s] ;L, hg;] jf ;fd'bflos jgsf ;lrj ;Ltf v8\sf, åGåkLl8t ltns kf} 8] n, ;'/ jL/ cf] nLnufotn] af] Ng' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f x/Kn] ; bfªsf lkmN8 sfo{qmd ;xfos ;Gtf] if blxtn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
ljBfnodf ejg cefj o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf rf} / hxf/L, @^ ebf} . klZrd ?s'dsf] rf} / hxf/L gu/kflnsf–!$ df /x] sf] hgr] tgf cfwf/e"t ljBfno ltdLn] kf] v/L ejgljxLg /x] sf] 5 . @)%# ;fndf lhNnf lzIff sfof{noaf6 cg'dlt kfPsf] ljBfno ef} lts?kdf lk5l8Psf] 5 . :yfkgfsf] @$ jif{ lalt;Sbf klg ;/f] sf/jfnf lgsfoaf6 ejg kfpg ;s] sf] 5} g . z'?df hg>dbfgaf6 agfPsf] kf“rsf] 7] ejg k6s–k6ssf] xfjfx'/ L / e"sDkn] hL0f{ agfPkl5 k7gkf7gdf ;d:of ePsf] 5 . ;/f] sf/jfnf lgsfodf /fhgLlts efuaG8f /
eg;'gsf cfwf/df ejg ljt/0f x'g] x'“bf cfkm"x?n] hlt kxn u/] klg ejg kx'“rjfnfn] kfpg] u/] sf] ljJo; cWoIf lvdaxfb'/ cf] nLsf] u'gf;f] 5 . k'/ fgf] ejg ;f“3'/ f] ePsf] / yf] lqPsfn] ljBfyL{ a;fO / lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf ;d] t afwf k'u] sf] kzf;g kd'v u0f] zs'df/ lji6sf] egfO 5 . kof{Kt dfqfdf hUuf eP klg cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f clxn] ;Dd ejg agfpg g;s] sf] ;ldltn] atfPsf] 5 . sIff % ;Dd !#$ hgf ljBfyL{ ePsf] ljBfnodf tLg /fxt b/aGbL, Ps afn lasf; / Ps sfof{no ;xof] uL 5g\ . ejg pknAw u/fOlbg rf} / hxf/L gu/kflnsf tyf lhNnf lzIff sfof{no;d] tnfO{ ljBfnon] cg'/ f] w u/] sf] 5 .
g]kfn kx/L -c=;=O{=, hjfg_ tof/L sIffdf egf{ Û ev{/} lj1fkg ePsf] g]kfn kx/Lsf] c=;=O{= tyf hjfgsf] nflu lnlvt k/LIffsf] nflu tof/L sIffx? ;~rfng x'g uO/x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . g]kfn gl;{ª sfplG;nn] lng] :6fkm g;{sf] nfO;]G;sf] tof/L sIff klg ;~rfng x'g uO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .
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b] pv'/ L, @^ ebf} . j8f kx/L sfof{no ndxLsf] lx/f;tleq AolQmsf] d[To' ePsf] ] t/ kx/Ln] 36gfnfO{ u'kr'k /fv] sf] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 36gfsf] ;TotYo kQf nufpg ;+3Lo kx/L OsfO{ sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ n] cg';Gwfg yfn] sf] 5 . P;P;kL lbnLk rf} w/Ln] 36gfsf] 5fgaLg yfNg' ePsf] xf] . PcfO{hL ldªdf/ nfdfn] P;P;kL rf} w/LnfO{ 36gfsf] af/] df ;To tYo kQf nufO{ kltj] bg a'emfpg lhDd] jf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] . d[tssf cfkmGtb] lv ;DalGwt kx/L sfof{nosf kd'v;“u ;f] wk'5 ub{} cg';Gwfg yfNg'ePsf] xf] . …cg';Gwfg z'? ePsf] 5, jf:tljstf s] xf] ;a} kQf nufp“5f} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …36gfsf] af/] df ;TotYo a'lem;s] kl5 ;fj{hlgs u5f} {+ .Ú kx/Ln] lx/f;tleq d[To'
ePsf AolQmsf] zj rf} k§fdf a] jfl/;] cj:yfdf e] l6Psf] eGb} km] ;a'sdfkm{t ;fj{hlgs u/] sf] lyof] . t/ ltg} j] jfl/;] elgPsf AolQmnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ d] l8sn hF“rsf nflu ndxL c:ktfndf kx/Ln] cfkm} nu] sf] kmf] 6f] ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 kx/Ln] 36gf n'sfpg vf] h] sf] kdfl0ft ePsf] xf] . u+u6] sf cfkmGt ;Dks{df j8f kx/L sfof{no ndxLsf] lx/f;tleq d[To' ePsf JolQmsf] kl/ro v'Ng cfPsf] 5 / pgsf cfkmGt ;Dks{df cfPsf 5g\ . 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!$ lu7] kfgL hfg] af6f] glhs} a:b} cfPsf u+u6] sf] gfdn] lrlgg] b] aaxfb'/ ljs /x] sf] pgsL 7"nL cfdf gftf kg] { 3f] / fxL pkdxfg/kflnsf–!^ t/f} +6] sL dgk'/ f vgfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …u+u6] sf] pd] / cGbfhL #*÷#( jif{sf] x“'bf] xf] Ú– pgsL 7"nLdf dgk'/ fn] eGg'eof] .
kl/jf/n] 3/df a:g glbbf cfkm\gf] df cfP/ a:g] u/] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …p;sf] afsf] gfd h;] sfdL xf] , af sf] d[To' ePkl5 p;sL cfdf b'O{ alxgL 5f] / L nu] / cGoq ljjfx u/] / uO{, u+u6] nfO{ d} n] ;fg} b] lv x'sf{P/ /fv] sf] lyP“Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …3/sf] pm h] 7f] 5f] / f] xf] , p;sf b'O{ efO b'O{ alxgL lyP, To;dWo] efOsf] klg d[To' eof] . p;sf] cfdfsf] rf} 3] / fdf ljjfx ePsf] 5 eGg] ;'g] sf] 5' dnfO{ c? yfxf 5} g .Ú h] 7Laf6sf b'O{efO 5f] / f lu7] kfgL hfg] af6f] glhs 3/ agfP/ a;] sf 5g\ . kx/Lsf] lx/f;t leq d[To' ePsf] 36gfaf/] 5fgaLg ug{ pxf“n] dfu ug{'eof] . …u+u6] s;/L d¥of] , k'ln;n] 5f] k] sf] a] nf d¥of] eg] / ;'g] sf] 5'Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …s;/L d¥of] , s;n] df¥of] <Ú u+u6] sL 7"nL cfdf o;f] eGg'x'G5 dnfO{ ;fg} pd] / b] lv sf] 9n] e] 6fPsf] lyof] .
pgLx?sf afcfdfn] k;n ;~rfng u/] sf lyP . nfdf] ;do pgsf] 3/df a;] + . pgLx?sf] /] vb] vdf lbg latfP“ . u+u6] sf] afsf] dTo' eof] . p;sL cfdf ;a} nfO{ 5f8] / csf{] dfG5] ;“u ljjfx u/] / uO{ . d pgLx?sf] /] vb] v u/] / a;] + . u+u6] sf] Pp6f xft / v'§f sd nfUYof] . ahf/sf uNnL–uNnLdf dfu] / vfGYof] . s] xL ;do klxn] cf7÷gf} lbg 3/df a;] / uof] . To; lbgb] lv cfp“b} cfPg . a? pm d] / ] sf] va/ kf] cfof] . o;nfO{ d} n] gful/stf agfO lbP“ . dlxnf sfof{nodf uP/ ckf+usf] kl/rokq agfOlbP“ . t/ s] xL sfd nfu] g . p;nfO{ s;} n] df/] / kf] kmfNof] ls st} uf8Ln] kf] xfGof] ls < p;sf] ;fydf sfnf] emf] nf lyof] . Tof] emf] nfdf gful/stf / ckf+u kl/rokq /fv] sf] 5 . Tof] klg vf] lHbg' xf] nf . p;sf] xTof eof] ls cfkm} d/] sf] xf] To;af/] df vf] hL ulb{g'xf] nf .
:df6{ l;6L agfpg] cleofgdf o'jfx? q cfef; a'9fyf] sL 3f] / fxL, @^ ebf} . ljZjn] ;"rgf kljlwsf If] qdf lnPsf] tLa ultsf] ljsf;;“u} g] kfnn] klg o; If] qdf lgs} km8\sf] dfl//x] sf] 5 . kl5Nnf s] xL jif{df ;"rgf kljlw ljleGg If] qx?df kof] u x'“b} cfO/x] sf] 5g\ . bfªdf klg ;"rgf kljlwsf If] qdf kTo] snfO{ l8lh6nL ;fIf/tf agfpg] / ;"rgf kljlwnfO{ ljleGg If] qdf hf] 8\b} :df6{ l;6L agfpg] p2] Zon] bfª cfO6L Sofd g] kfnsf o'jfx?n] cleofg z'? u/] sf 5g\ . clxn] :df6{ l;6L agfpg] cleofg cufl8 a9fO/x“bf oL o'jfx?n] :df6{ l;6Lsf nflu cfjZos kg{] If] qx?df ;"rgf kljlw hf] 8\g] p2] Zon] cleofg
cufl8 a9fPsf x'g\ . bfªsf] s[lif If] qdf ;"rgf kljlwsf] kof] u ub{} cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{] p2] Zon] s] xL dlxgf cufl8 s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªn] s[ifs ;d"xx?nfO{ kfljlws d] lzgx? cg'bfg:j?k ljt/0f u/] sf] lyof] . …s[lif h:t} ca kTo] s If] qdf ;"rgf kljlw hf] 8\g cfjZos 5Ú– SofDksf cWoIf bLks e08f/L eGg'x'G5– …olb ;"rgf kljlwnfO{ cGo If] qx?df hf] 8\g ;lsof] eg] ljsf;n] ult lng] lyof] .Ú :df6{ l;6L agfpg klxn] kTo] s gful/x? dfem ;"rgf kljlwx? k'¥ofp“b} pgLx?nfO{ l8hL6nL ;f/If/ agfpg cfjZos /x] sf] pgLx? atfp“5g\ . To;kl5sf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ;8s Joj:yfkgdf klg
;"rgf kljlw hf] 8\g'kg{] pgLx?sf] egfO 5 . …xfdLn] agfPsf] :df6{ l;6Lsf] sG;] K6dfk{mt ;"rgf kljlwnfO{ ;8s Joj:yfkg, k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, zflGt ;'/ Iff, 3/d} 8fS6/af6 cf} iflw pkrf/ u/fpg ;lsG5Ú– ;lrj /fhg 8f“uL eGg'x'G5– …oLafx] s klg cGo If] qx?df ;"rgf kljlw hf] 8\g ;lsG5 . t/ o;sf] nflu klxnf o; If] qdf ljsf; ug{ cfjZos 5 . olb o;f] ug{ ;lsof] eg] dfq} sNkgf u/] sf] :df6{ l;6L agfpg ;S5f} + .Ú l8hL6nnL ;fIf/tf g] kfnsf] ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ P] g @)&@ cGtu{t @)@) ;Dd &) kltzt dflg;x?nfO{ l8hL6NnL?kdf ;fIf/ agfpg] / () kltzt hgtf;dIf af] 8AofG8 k'¥ofpg]
of] hgf ul//x] sf] 5 . cWoIf bLks e08f/Lsf cg';f/ ;Dk"0f{ o'jfx?nfO{ ;"rgf kljlw;“u hf] 8\b} To;af6 /fdf] hgzlQm pTkfbg ug{ pgLx?nfO{ l8lh6n ;f/If agfp‘“b} l8lh6n g] kfn agfpg ;xof] u k'¥ofpg] /x] sf] 5. s] xL ;dootf km] ;a's, 6\jL6/, OG:6«fufd, o'6'jh:tf ljleGg ;fdflhs ;~hfnx?af6 x'g] ljleGg ;fOa/qmfOdh:tf sfo{x?af/] ;r]tgf km}nfpg] Sofdsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;fOa/qmfOddf ljz]ifu/L lszf]/, lszf]/L / o'jfo'jtLx? nfUg] u/]sf] x'b“ f o:tf cfk/flws lqmofsnfk pgLx?af6 x'g glbg ;r]tfgf a9fpg ljBfnodf Sofd k'Ug] /0fgLlt ePsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .
g]kfn ;/sf/
sf]l/og efiffdf egf{ v'Nof] †
d]/f] gfddf btf{ >]:tf ePsf] tkl;n adf]lhdsf] lsQf hUufsf] df]xL bfª ;fljs uf]j/l8xf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= % a:g] >L/fd t]nLn] hUuf ef]u ug{ 5f]8L ldlt @)#^.!!.!) df kl/jf/;lxt a;fO;/fO u/L cGoq uPsf] sf/0f cfk\mgf] hUuf cfkm} 3/ v]tLdf sdfO{ cfPsf]n] lgh df]xL >L/fd t]nLsf] gfd df]xL nutaf6 s6fOkfpF egL bfª ;fljs l;;xlgof uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ! ufpF a:g] r]t/fd rf} w/Ln] uf=lj=;=sf] l;kmfl/; ;fy o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg btf{ u/fO{ ;gfvt u/]sf] cfwf/df df]xLsf] gfddf hf/L ePsf] !% lbg] Dofb @)&$.)@.!! df tfd]nL x'bF f a]kTt] ePsf] eGg] Aoxf]/faf6 tfd]nL e} cfPsf] Dofbleq sf]xL s;} sf] xs bfaL ph'/L kg{ gcfPsf]n] clGtdk6s ljz]if cbfnt P]g, @)%( sf] bkmf !)-(_ adf]lhd of] #% lbg] df]xL xs bfaL u/L cfpg] af/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;nsf lsQf hUufdf df]xL df]xLsf kl/jf/ jf xs nfUg] cGo sf]xL s;} sf] hf]tef]u eP jf df]xLsf] gfd nutaf6 s§f x'g' gkg]{ s'g} dgfl;a sf/0f eP of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) lbgleq ;a't kdf0f;lxt e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no bfªdf xs bfaL ph'/L ug{ cfkm} jf sfg'g adf]lhd jf/]; clVtof/ u/L k7fpg'xf]nf . cGoyf dfu bfaL adf]lhd df]xLsf] gfd df]xLsf] nutaf6 s§f e} hfg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
b]pv'/L EofnLdf gofF Joj:yfkgsf ;fy cTofw'lgs dfWodaf6 bIf klzIfsx?af6 efiff sIff ;~rfng x'g] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . ljz]iftfx? M u'kdf cfpg]nfO{ != EPS-TOPIK / sf]l/og ljz]if 5'6 . Jofs/0fsf] ljz]if cg'ej kfKt @= !) jif{ sf]l/ofdf a;]sf klzIfsaf6 efiff l;sfOg] . #= b]pv'/L EofnLdf klxnf] / ljZj;gLo . $= sIff 6]i6 / ;'gfO k9fO k/LIffx? k/LIffs} jftfj/0fdf gd"gf k/LIffx? ;fy} Audio/Video k0ffnLåf/f klg cEof; u/fOg] . %= sIff ;~rfng efb @% ut]b]lv x'g] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
df]xLsf] xsbfaL ug{ cfpg]af/] e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no bfªsf] ;"rgf †
tkl;n btf{jfnfsf] gfd, y/ uf=lj=;= r]t/fd rf}w/L ;f= klquf+ Æ Æ Æ Æ
j8f g+= lsQf g+= If]qkmn df]xLsf] gfd, y/ %v #*& )!^(=^# >L/fd t]nL uf]j/l8xf *s #*% )!^(=)) % h]7fgufpF
xf8{j] o/ k;n laqmLdf t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf–% …sÚ nfOgdf rfn'cj:yfdf /x] sf] xf8{j] o/ k;n laqmLdf ePsf] n] OR5's JolQmn] t'= ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf . ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*%%@#),(*)(*#$%*% t'n;Lk'/ , bfª
^%)) ln6/sf] rf/j6f kfgL 6\ofª\s/ ca t'n;Lk'/df nfld5fg] hn ;]jf
lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf] , #%) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 .
;Dks{ :yfgM )*@–%@@$&& df] = (*%&*@#$(*, (*)!#@^((*
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Moitivational Training
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Admission OPEN
BBA BHM Bachelor of Business Bachelor of Hotel Administration Management ( Affiliated to Pokhara University ) Entrance Date : 2074, Bhadra 31, At 12:00 AM ALPINE Management College
Nepalgunj-10, Banke Contact: Tel: 081-527420 / 526877 Mb. : 9851083306 e-mail :alpine_mc@yahoo.com website: www.alpinemc.edu.np
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