२०७९ भदौ २४ गते शुक्रवार

CMYK

v'zLsf] va/ Û v'zLsf] va/ k'/fgf t/ /fd|f] sl08zgsf afOsx? kmfOgfG; ;'ljwfdf vl/b ug'{k/]df xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . ;Dks{ M

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3f] / fxL, @# ebf} -o';_– Dofb yksf nflu cbfnt nluPsf Pshgf aGbL laxLaf/ lhNnf cbfntleq} af6 efu] sf 5g\ . ;'g rf] / L cf/ f] kdf kqmfp k/ ] sf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!& sf @@ jifL{o nId0f ljZjsdf{ zf} rfno hfg] lgx'“df efu] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . zf} rfno uPsf ljZjsdf{ w] / } ;do;Dd klg aflx/ gcfPkl5 9f] sf kmf] 8] / x] bf{ km] nf gk/ ] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

GofofwLz;dIf k] z ubf{ xts8L vf] n] sf] cj;/ kf/ L zf} rfno uPsf pgL rkL{sf] em\ofnaf6 efu] sf] lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªsf l8P;kL / fhgs'df/ uf} tdn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . vf] hL eO/ x] sf] l8P;kL uf} tdn] atfpg'eof] . pgnfO{ a'waf/ dfq} k|x/ Ln] kqmfp u/ ] sf] lyof] .

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CMYK

tYof+sn] kf“r k|ltztdf ahf/ If] q jf ;fj{hlgs : yndf, rf/ k|ltztdf : jf: Yo ;+: yfdf, tLg k|ltztn] ljQLo ;+: yf / tLg k|ltztn] xf] 6] n / af/ df, b'O{ k|ltztn] v] nd} bfgdf, kfs{df cfkm" lx+;fdf k/ ] sf] atfP . tLg ;o @! hgfdf dfq} ul/ Psf] ;j] {If0fn] lzIff, : jf: Yo, v] ns'b, xf] 6] n, oftfoftdf dlxnfdfly lx+;f ePsf] kfOP klg ;dfhsf clwsf+z If] qdf dlxnfdfly s'g} g s'g} lx+;f eOg} / x] sf] clwsf/ sdL{x?n] atfPsf 5g\ . lsgeg] : jo+ kLl8t g} cfkm"dfly lx+;f eO/ x] sf] af/ ] v'Ng rfx“b} gg\ . cf] / ] ss} tYof+sn] #% k|ltzt lx+;f kLl8tn] lx+;f x'“bf klg r'k nfu] / a;] sf] atfP . !% k|ltztn] t cfkm"dfly lx+;f x'“bf klg j] jf: tf u/ ] sf] atfPsf 5g\ . hDdf !@ k|ltztn] 36gf: ynd} k|ltsf/ u/ ] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . cem lx+;f x'“bf k|x/ L jf ;DalGwt lgsfo;Dd ph'/ L ug] { t hDdf b'O{ k|ltztdfq} 5g\ . Ps k|ltztn] cfkm" låljwfdf / x] sf] atfP

eg] lx+;f xf] nf ls eg] / ;fjwfg x'g] t hDdf Ps k|ltztdfq} e] l6P . cfkm"dfly lx+;f x'“bf klg kLl8tx? ;x] / a: g'df 3/ , kl/ jf/ / ;dfhs} xft / x] sf] dlxnf dfgjclwsf/ / Ifs ;~hfn bfªsL cWoIf ;'zLnf kf} 8] nsf] egfO 5 . tYof+sn] klg ToxL b] vfPsf] 5 . hals dlxnfdfly lx+;f ePsf] yfxf kfP/ klg #$ k|ltzt kl/ jf/ n] kLl8tnfO{ ;xof] u gu/ ] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . Gofosf nflu ;xof] u ug] { t !% k|ltztdfq} 5g\ . b'O{ k|ltztn] t pN6} hflu/ 5f] 8\g nufPsf] , Ps k|ltztn] lx8\8'n ug{ aGb] h u/ ] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . …kl/ jf/ af6} aGb] h ug{ vf] lhG5Ú– dlxnf dfgjclwsf/ / Ifs nIdL cfrfo{n] eGg'eof] – …x/ ] s lx+;fla?4 cfkm} af] Ng ;Sg'k5{ . af] Ng ;Sg] agfpg'k5{ . dgn] rfx] / klg af] Ng g;Sg] ;d: ofn] dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;f Go"gLs/ 0f ug{ wf} ePsf] 5 .Ú af] Ng g;Sg'df ;fdflhs / ;f+: s[lts sf/ 0f / x] sf] cWoogn] b] vfPsf] 5 . lx+;f ePsf]

yfxf kfP/ klg @% k|ltztn] ;fdflhs jf ;f+: s[lts sf/ 0fn] af] Ng g;s] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . @! k|ltztn] kfl/ jfl/ s sf/ 0fn] , !^ k|ltztn] cfly{s nfesf sf/ 0fn] , !# k|ltztn] 8/ / qf;sf sf/ 0fn] Ps k|ltztn] Gofo kfpg] k|lt ljZjf; gePsf sf/ 0fn] , gf} k|ltztnfO{ af] Ng'k5{ eGg] 1fg gePsf sf/ 0fn] , tLg k|ltztnfO{ lx+;flj?4 af] Ng] cf“6 gePsf sf/ 0fn] / b'O{ k|ltztn] t ;fdfGo xf] eGg] nfu] sf sf/ 0fn] lx+;f ;xg'k/ ] sf] atfP .

To;} n] lx+;fla?4 af] Ng cfkm} af6 z'? ug'{kg] { gful/ s ;dfhsf] egfO 5 . lx+;f x'“bf cfkm} af] nf} + . hxf“ x'G5 ToxL+ af] nf} +Ú– gful/ s ;dfhsf ;+of] hs s] jL d;fnn] eGg'eof] – …lx+;fla?4 af] Ng ca Jojxf/ kl/ jt{g u/ f} + . efif0f ul/ ;Sof+} ca Jojxf/ df ;a} n] u/ f} + .Ú lx+;f sfod} M k|x/ L bfªdf dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;fdf pNn] Vo sdL gcfPsf] k|x/ Ls} tYof+sn] klg k'li6 u/ ] sf] 5 . kl5Nnf gf} jif{sf] tYof+sn] lx+;fsf] cj: yf phfu/ u/ ] sf] 5 . lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªsf] tYof+scg';f/ cfly{s jif{ )&!÷&@ df b'O{ ;o %( 36gf dlxnf lx+;fsf lyP . )&@÷&# df b'O{ ;o %!, )&#÷)&$ df Tof] ;+Vof a9] / b'O{ ;o &@ k'Uof] . )&$÷&% df t tLg ;o @% 36gf eP . cfj )&%÷&^ df emg a9] / tLg ;o ^^ k'Uof] eg] )&^÷&& df s] xL 36] / tLg ;o !) df em/ ] sf] ;+Vof )&&÷&* df bf] Aa/ glhs kf“r ;o @) dlxnf lx+;fsf 36gf ePsf 5g\ .

To;kl5 cfj )&*÷&( df em/ ] / tLg ;o $% df k'u] sf] ;+Vof cfj )&(÷*) sf] b'O{ dlxgfdf dfq} #& dlxnf lx+;fsf 36gf ePsf 5g\ .

!^ lhNnf ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff x'g af“sL o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, @# ebf} . ;/ sf/ n] Ps bzscl3 …;fIf/ g] kfn cleofgÚ sfo{qmd z'? u/ ] sfdf cem} dw] z k|b] zsf cf7;lxt !^ lhNnf k"0f{ ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff x'g af“sL 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷&^ sf] ah] 6 / sfo{qmddf b'O{ jif{leq g] kfnnfO{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff ug{] sfo{qmd NofPkl5 kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;fIf/ lhNnf 3f] if0ffsf] qmd a9] sf] 5 . xfn;Dd ^! lhNnf ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff eO;s] sf 5g\ eg] dw] z k|b] zsf ;a} lhNnf -;Kt/ L, l;/ xf, wg'iff, dxf] Q/ L, ;nf{xL, / f} tx6, af/ f / k;f{_, n'lDagL k|b] zsf] slknj: t', s0ff{nL k|b] zsf] d'u', h'Dnf, x'Dnf, sfnLsf] 6, 8f] Nkf, ;'b"/ klZrd k|b] zsf] s~rgk'/ / 8f] 6L ;fIf/ lhNnf 3f] if0ff x'g af“sL 5g\ .

lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnodftxtsf] lzIff tyf dfgj ;|f] t ljsf; s] Gb|sf cg';f/ ;ft ;o %# : yfgLo txdWo] pQm lhNnfsf u/ L Ps ;o &^ : yfgLo tx ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff x'g af“sL 5g\ . s] Gb|sf dxflgb{] zs r"8fdl0f kf} 8] nn] ;fIf/ g] kfn cleofg sfo{qmdcGtu{t o; jif{ nfut ;fem] bf/ Ldf cfwfl/ t k|: tfjgfkq tof/ ug{ nufO{ sfo{of] hgf cl3 a9fOPsf] atfpg'eof] . o;cGtu{t ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff x'g af“sL lhNnf / kflnsfdf ;/ f] sf/ jfnf;“u cled'vLs/ 0f, ;fIf/ tfsf !@ ;"rsx¿nfO{ ;dfj] z u/ L l;sfO ;fdu|L pTkfbg u/ ] / ljt/ 0f, ljBfyL{ kl/ rfng u/ L 3/ , kl/ jf/ / ;d'bfonfO{ ;fIf/ agfpg] u/ L sfo{qmd cl3 a9fOPsf] s] Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 . ;DalGwt lhNnf / kflnsfdf !% b] lv ^) jif{ pd] / sf (% k|ltzt gful/ s ;fIf/ ePsf] kfOPdf ;fIf/ lhNnf / ;fIf/

kflnsf 3f] if0ff ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfg 5 . xfn g] kfndf 5 jif{eGbf dflysf] ;fIf/ tf b/ &* k|ltzt, !% b] lv @$ jif{ pd] / ;d"xsf] (@ k|ltzt, !% jif{dflysf] %* k|ltzt / !% b] lv ^) jif{ pd] / ;d"xsf] ;fIf/ tf b/ *% / x] sf] 5 . k|ltztsf lx;fan] ;fIf/ tf b/ ;'wf/ f] Gd'v eg] b] lvPsf] 5 . lsgls lj;+ @))$ df g] kfnsf] ;fIf/ tf b'O{ k|ltzt lyof] . xfn g] kfndf #% xhf/ 5 ;o &$ ljBfno / x] sfdf @& xhf/ cf7 ;o !@ ;fd'bflos, 5 xhf/ ;ft ;o #@ lghL -;+: yfut_, Ps xhf/ Ps ;o #) k/ Dk/ fut ljBfno / x] sf 5g\ . o: t} b'O{ xhf/ Ps ;o %! ;fd'bflos l;sfO s] Gb|, Ps ;o @! v'nf ljBfno, cf} krfl/ s k|f} 9 ljBfno Ps ;o &! / x] sf 5g\ . ljutdf ;fIf/ tf cleofgsf gfddf af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

/f]lsPg sf7 t:s/L

3f] / fxL, @# ebf} . / fd] 5fk bf] / Daf ufp“kflnsf–% 3/ eO{ xfn 3f] / fxL–!% a: g] ;~ho tfdfª;lxt kf“rhgfnfO{ ut j} zfv !^ ut] lagf Ohfht ¿v s6fg u/ L sf7 cf] ;f/ k;f/ u/ ] sf] d'2fdf cleof] ukq bfo/ ul/ of] . pgLx?af6 Ps ;o #^ eGbfa9L So'lkm6 sf7sf] @! j6f uf] lnof a/ fdb eof] . ut c;f] h !! ut] zflGtgu/ –# sf x'daxfb'/ ljsnfO{ ca} w?kdf jg If] qaf6 jg k} bfjf/ cf] ;f/ k;f/ d'2fdf cleof] ukq bfo/ ul/ of] . pgL klg $* yfg -sl/ a ;f9] && So'lkm6_ ;fnsf] lr/ fg sf7;lxt kqmfp k/ ] sf lyP . o: tf 36gf lg/ Gt/ eO/ x] sf 5g\ . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfª -b] pv'/ L_ ndxLaf6 dfq} @)&% ;fnotf $! j6f jg k} bfjf/ ;DaGwL d'2f rn] sf 5g\ . ut cfly{s jif{sf dfq} !& j6f d'2f jg k} bfjf/ ;DaGwL 5g\ . l8lehg sfof{no bfªaf6 cj} w sf7sf] cf] ;f/ k;f/ ug] {la?4 @)&$ ;fnb] lv xfn;Dd @# j6f d'2f rn] sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷)&% df b'O{ d'2fdf kf“rhgf, @)&%÷)&^ df Ps

q

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;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQm tyf /fi6«;]jsn] cfkm\gf] JolQmut ljj/0f cBfjlws u/f}+ . cfly{s jif{ z'? ePsf] jf ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] ;f7L lbgleq cfkm\gf] ;DklQ ljj/0f tf]lsPsf] lgsfodf k]z u/f}+ . e|i6«rf/df z'Go ;xgzLntf ckgfcf}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

d'2fdf b'O{hgf, @)&^÷)&& df tLg d'2fdf !! hgf, @)&&÷)&* df gf} d'2fdf #@ hgf / cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df 5 d'2fdf !^ hgf lj?4 cleof] ukq k] z ul/ Psf] 5 . cfb] z kv{b} a/ fdb sf7 cj} w sf7 cf] ;f/ k;f/ ug] {af6 a/ fdb ePsf] sf7 lnnfd ug{ cbfntsf] cfb] z kv{g'k/ ] sf] l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsf l8lehg jg clws[t df] xgk|;fb

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Sep 9, 2022)

q h] =Pg=;fu/

cbfntaf6} aGbL km/f/

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htftt} lx+;}lx+;f 3f] / fxL, @# ebf} . nueu !) jif{sf] pd] / 5 . pgsf cleefjs 5} gg\ c?s} ;+/ If0fdf al: 5g\ . sIff % df k9\g] tL aflnsfn] cfkm"n] k9\g] ljBfnosL lzlIfsfnfO{ elgg\– …Dofd d t k|x/ Ldf hfG5' . k|wfgfWofks;d] t / x] sL lzlIfsfn] cfZro{ dfGb} ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f] lwg\– …lsg hfg] k|x/ Ldf <Ú aflnsfn] ?“b} elgg\– …d a: b} cfPsf] 3/ df dnfO{ anfTsf/ ul/ / xG5g\ .Ú dlxgfjf/ L ;d] t gePsL 3f] / fxLsL tL gfaflnssf] kL8f Ps ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf ;'gfp“b} ;/ sf/ L ljBfnosL tL k|cn] elgg\– …5f] / L lszf] / L s;/ L hf] ufpg] xf] htftt} lx+;f 5 <Ú lzlIfsfn] ;'gfPsf] 36gfsf kfqh: t} lx+;fdf kg] { dlxnf / lszf] / L htftt} / x] sf] tYof+sn] b] vfPsf] 5 . u'kr'k / xg] 3/ / cf>o: yndf dfq} xf]Og, ;fj{hlgs : yfgdf klg cf“sng u/ ] eGbf w] / } lx+;fsf 36gf ePsf] tYof+sn] b] vfPsf] 5 . dlxnf k'g: yf{kgf s] Gb| -cf] / ] s_ n] @)&* df bfª, df]/ª / pbok'/sf tLg ;o @! hgfdf u/ ] sf] cWoogn] ;fj{hlgs If] q klg ;'/ lIft gePsf] b]vfPsf] 5 . tYof+sn] ;a} eGbf w] / } ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf $) k|ltzt cyf{t Ps ;o @& hgfn] cfkm"dfly lx+;f ePsf] atfP . ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ofqf ubf{ dlxnfx? c;'/ lIft x'g] u/ ] sf] cWoogsf qmddf pgLx?n] atfP . o;} u/ L !) k|ltztn] ;fj{hlgs af6f] df, gf} k|ltztn] n] z} lIfs ;+: yfdf, ;ft k|ltztn] ;fj{hlgs : yfgdf x'g] eL8ef8df, 5 k|ltztn] PsfGt 7fp“df cfkm"dfly lx+;f x'g] u/ ] sf] atfP .

;DklQ ljj/0f ;dod} a'emfcf}+, hl/jfgfaf6 arf}+ .

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>] i7n] atfpg'eof] . tLg jif{b] lv jgsf d'2f lhNnf cbfntn] x] b} { cfO/ x] sf] n] cbfntn] d'2f km} ;nf gubf{;Dd a/ fdb sf7 lnnfd ug{ gldNg] cj: yf / x] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …k'/ fgf d'2fsf] xsdf a/ fdb sf7sf] lnnfd cfb] z dfu] sf 5f} + . cfb] z ePkl5 lnnfd u5f} {+ . k'/ fgf d'2fsf !^ j6fsf] cfb] z dfu] sf] df !) j6fsf] cfb] z cfPsf]

5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …k'/ fgfdf w] / } dfqfdf sf7 5} g . d'2f cg';f/ yf] / } yf] / } 5 . xfdLn] lnnfdL u5f} { .Ú l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªdf ut jif{ sf7sf 5 j6f d'2f / !$ cleo'Qm 5g\ eg] kf“r ;o ^% So'lkm6 sf7 a/ fdb ePsf] 5 . a/ fdb ePsf] sf7 jg sfof{no kl/ ;/ leq} / flvPsf] 5 . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfª -b] pv'/ L_, ndxLcGtu{t %@ xhf/ b'O{ ;o (^ x] S6/ If] qkmndf Ps ;o $% ;fd'bflos jg / x] sf 5g\ eg] / fli6«o jgsf] If] qkmn %& xhf/ rf/ ;o ^^ x] S6/ / x] sf] 5 . l8lehg jg sfof{no 3f] / fxLcGtu{t *$ xhf/ Ps ;o ^) x] S6/ jg If] qdWo] ^) xhf/ )&& x] S6/ ;fd'bflos / @$ xhf/ x] S6/ / fli6«o jg / x] sf] 5 . bfªdf tLg ;o *) j6f ;fd'bflos jg / x] sf 5g\ . pkef] Qmfdf klg vkt lhNnfdf pkef] Qmf ;ldlt u7g u/ ] / kf“r ;o @% jg ;d'bfodf x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] 5 . tL ;fd'bflos jgaf6 jif] {lg xhf/ f} + So'lkm6 sf7 cfGtl/ s k|of] hg egL pkef] Qmfsf] k|of] udf vkt x'G5 . ut cfly{s jif{df dfq} lhNnfe/ @! xhf/ a9L So'lkm6 sf7 ;fd'bflos jgdfkm{t cfGtl/ s af“sL # k]hdf:

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t'n;Lk'/ , @# ebf} . @# s/ f] 8 / sd clgoldttf ePsf] 7x/ ub} { g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] ;'k/ n3'laQ laQLo ;+: yfnfO{ ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff u/ ] sf] 5 . t'n;Lk'/ df s] Gb|Lo sfof{no / x] sf] n3'laQnfO{ / fi6« a} +ssf] n3'laQ ;+: yf ;'k/ Lj] If0f ljefun] : ynut lg/ LIf0fkZrft ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff u/ ] sf] xf] . g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] @)&* r} t @ ut] ;f] w] sf] : ki6Ls/ 0fdf ;d] t lrQa'em\bf] hjfkm gkfPkl5 n3'laQnfO{ ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff u/ ] sf] 5 . n3'laQ laQLo ;+: yfn] ePsf] sf/ f] jf/ nfO{ : ki6 kfg{ g;s] kl5 @# s/ f] 8 clgoldttf ePsf] eGb} / fi6« a} +sn] ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff u/ ] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] a} +s tyf laQLo ;+: yfsf] zL3| ;'wf/ fTds sf/ jfxL ;DaGwL lgodfjnL @)&$ cg';f/ sf/ jfxL u/ L ;'k/ ljQLo ;+: yfnfO{ ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff ug{' gkg] { sf/ 0f eP : ki6Ls/ 0f k] z ug{ klg lgb] {zg lbPsf] lyof] . g] kfn / fi6« a} +ssf] lgb] {zg cg';f/ k|fKt ePsf] : ki6Ls/ 0f ;Gtf] ifhgs gePkl5 g] kfn / fi6« a} +s P] g @)%* cg';f/ ;'k/ n3'laQ laQLo ;+: yfnfO{ / fi6« a} +s P] gsf] *^ -v_ adf] lhd ;d: ofu|: t laQLo ;+: yf 3f] if0ff ul/ Psf] xf] . n3'laQsf ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf ls/ 0f rf} w/ Lsf] k|ToIf ;xeflutfdf / sd clgoldttf ePsf] / fi6« a} +sn] hgfPsf] 5 .

n3'laQsf] @# s/ f] 8 / sd clgoldttfsf] z+sfkl5 / fi6« a} +sn] sf/ jfxL k|lqmof cl3 a9fPsf] 5 . a} +s tyf laQLo ;+: yfsf] g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] g} lgodg tyf cg'udg ug] { clwsf/ / x] sf] 5 . jflif{s?kdf cl86 ug] { clwsf/ ;d] t / fi6« a} +snfO{ 5 . a} +sn] ;'k/ n3'laQsf] cl86 ug{] qmddf @# s/ f] 8 C0f k|jfxdf z+sf: kb b] lvPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . / fi6« a} +ssf] lgj] bgsf cfwf/ df lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªn] sf/ jfxL k|lqmof cl3 a9fPsf] lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªsf k|x/ L lg/ LIfs bfd' k'gn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . g] kfn / fi6« a} +ssf] cfu|xdf lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªn] n3'laQsf sfod d'sfod sfo{sf/ L clws[t a'l4/ fd rf} w/ L, t'n;Lk'/ zfvf k|d'v ;~hLj rf} w/ L / lahf} / L zfvf k|d'v ozf] bf yfkfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ cg';Gwfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . tLghgfnfO{ lhNnf k|x/ L sfof{no bfªn] @)&( h] 7 @^ ut] kqmfp u/ ] / ;fpg !# ut] w/f}6L lnP/ 5f] 8] sf] lyof] . pgLx?la?4 a} +lsª s;'/ cGtu{t pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ df d'2f bfo/ ul/ Psf] 5 . g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] ;'k/ n3'laQ laQLo ;+: yfdfkm{t\ gSsnL C0fL v8f u/ ] sf] bfaL u/ ] sf] 5 . gSsnL C0fLdfkm{t\

@# s/ f] 8 lxgfldgf ePsf] b] lvPsf] / fi6« a} +sn] hgfPsf] 5. n3'laQn] rf/ j6f lhNnfdf sf/ f] af/ ul/ / x] sf] 5 . n3'laQsf sfod d'sfod sfo{sf/ L clws[t a'l4/ fd rf} w/ Ln] bfª, af“s] , alb{of / slknj: t'sf @$ zfvfsf] dfWodaf6 !^ xhf/ ;b: onfO{ n3'laQdf hf] 8] sf] rf} w/ Ln] atfpg'eof] . n3'laQn] ;f9] %* s/ f] 8 C0f k|jfx u/ ] sf] k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . n3'laQn] xfn ;d"xdfkm{t\ C0f tyf art ;+sng ul/ / x] sf] 5 eg] C0f k|jfx aGb u/ ] sf] 5 . g] kfn / fi6« a} +sn] n3'laQnfO{ C0f nufgL gug{ lgb] {zg lbPkl5 nufgLnfO{ / f] Ssf u/ ] sf] 5 . bfªsf] t'n;Lk'/ af6 @)%( ;fnb] lv sf/ f] af/ z'? u/ ] sf] ;'k/ n3'laQ ;+: yfnfO{ ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff u/ ] sf] eGb} k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] / fi6« a} +ssf] lgb] {zg cg';f/ cfufdL lbgdf sfd ug] { atfpg'eof] . n3'laQn] k|e' a} +s, ;fOg / ] ;'+uf 8] endd] G6 a} +s, ;f+lu|nf 8] endd] G6 a} +s / cf/ P;l8;L dfkm{t\ C0f lnP/ C0f k|jfx ul/ / x] sf] 5 . n3'laQn] ;a} eGbf w] / } k|e' a} +saf6 C0f lnPsf] 5 . n3'laQ ;d: ofu|: t 3f] if0ff ePkl5 nufgLstf{ / ;d"xsf ;b: ox? nufgL 8'Ag] xf] ls eGg] lrGtfdf 5g\ .

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kmf/fd ljt/0f kmf/fd ljt/0f @)&( efb| @* ut];Dd k|j]z k/LIff @)&( efb| #) ut] * ah]] kmf/fd ljt/0f @)&( efb| @( ut];Dd k|j]z k/LIff @)&( c;f]h ! ut] ! ah] #= B.Sc. CSIT l ±@ lj1fg tyf l8Knf]df OlGhlgol/ªdf pQL0f{ . @)&( c;f]h @^ ut];Dd l ±@ df C u|]8 tyf k'/s k/LIff lbg] ;a} bf]Aa/ b:t'/ ljBfyL{x?n] kmf/fd eg{ ;Sg] . @)&( sflt{s @ ut];Dd k|j]z k/LIff @)&( sflt{s !( ut] !@ ah] ;Dks{ kmf]g g+=M )*@–%^#%$%, (*%!@!!(#%, (*@(**)*%!

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n'lDagL k|fljlws ljZjljBfno M r'gf}tL / ;Defjgfx? ax'cfoflds ;fIf/tf casf] cfjZostf lxhf] cGt/ f{li6«o ;fIf/ tf lbj; g] kfn;lxt ;+;fel/ dgfOPsf] 5 . ;+o'Qm / fi6«;+3sf] cfx\jfgdf k|To] s jif{ ;] K6] Da/ * nfO{ cGt/ f{li6«o ;fIf/ tf lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfOFb} cfOPsf] 5 . o; jif{ …;fIf/ tf l;sfOsf] If] qdf ?kfGt/ 0fÚ eGg] gf/ fsf ;fy lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 . ;DalGwt If] qsf] cfjlws d"Nof+sg / cfufdL of] hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;dLIff ug{ o: tf lbj; dxTjk"0f{ g} dflgG5g\ . g] kfnn] Psflt/ lg/ If/ tf pGd"ng ug] { k|lta4tf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g eg] csf] {lt/ ;fIf/ tfnfO{ ca cIf/ lrGg] dfq geO{ ax'cfoflds?kdf cl3 a9fpg'kg] { cfjZostf dx;'; x'g yfn] sf] 5 . g] kfnaf6 b'O{ jif{leq lg/ If/ tf pGd"ng ug] { eg] / g] kfnn] !$ jif{cl3 u/ ] sf] k|lta4tf cem} k"/ f x'g ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . cem} !^ j6f lhNnfnfO{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ lhNnf 3f] if0ff ug{ ;lsPsf] 5} g . ;/ sf/ n] @)^% ;fndf b'O{ jif{leq lg/ If/ tf pGd"ng ug] { nIo cufl8 ;f/ ] sf] lyof] . clxn] ;Dd dw] z k|b] zsf s'g} klg lhNnf ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff ePsf 5} gg\ n'lDagL k|b] zsf] slknj: t', s0ff{nL k|b] zsf] d'u', h'Dnf, x'Dnf, sfnLsf] 6 / 8f] Nkf tyf ;'b"/ klZrd k|b] zsf] s~rgk'/ / 8f] 6L lhNnf ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff x'g afFsL 5g\ . xfn;Dd ^! lhNnf ;fIf/ 3f] lift eO;s] sf 5g\ . cfufdL jif{ d'n'snfO{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff ug] { ;/ sf/ sf] tof/ L / x] sf] eP klg cem} ljZj: t x'g] cj: yf 5} g . em08} () k|ltzt g] kfnL ;fIf/ ePsf] elgP klg ;/ sf/ ;Fu cf} krfl/ s tYof+s eg] 5} g . ljZjsf] ;fIf/ tf b/ em08} *& k|ltzt k'u] sf] 5 . lkmgNof08, gj] {nufotsf b] zdf zt k|ltzt ;fIf/ tf b/ eP klg blIf0f ;'8fg, gfOh/ nufotsf b] zdf #% k|ltztsf] xf/ fxf/ Ldf ;fIf/ tf b/ / x] sf] 5 . ;fIf/ tf a[l4 dfgjLo ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . dfgjLo ljsf; ef} lts ljsf;;Fu klg hf] l8Psfn] g] kfnsf] cfly{s cj: yfsf] cg'kftdf ;fIf/ tf b/ a9L g} xf] . l5d] sL ef/ tdf ;fIf/ tf b/ &* k|ltzt 5 eg] csf] { l5d] sL rLgdf (& k|ltzt 5 . of] lx;fan] g] kfnsf] ;fIf/ tf b/ ztk|ltzt gk'Ug' cgf} 7f] xf] Og a? 3f] if0ff ul/ Psf lhNnfsf] oyfy{ tYof+s xf] eg] of] g] kfnsf] ;fdYo{eGbf klg a9L g} dfGg'k5{ . ;a} lg/ If/ g] kfnLnfO{ ;fIf/ agfpg] cleofg g} ePsfn] of] l9nf] rfF8f] k"/ f x'g] g} 5 t/ ca gful/ snfO{ cIf/ lrgfP/ dfq} x'Fb} g, pgLx?nfO{ ax'cfoflds?kdf ;fIf/ agfpg cfjZos 5 . clxn] w] / } If] qdf ;fIf/ tf h?/ L 5 . d'n'sdf / fhgLlts kl/ jt{g cfPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf k|ltlglwn] agfPsf] ;+ljwfg 5 . ;f] cg'?kdf ljleGg sfg'g lgdf{0f eP/ lqmofzLn 5g\ . !^% jif{ k'/ fgf] d'n'sL P] gnfO{ lj: yfkg u/ ] / gofF d'n'sL ;+lxtf hf/ L ePsf] klg rf/ jif{ k"/ f eO;s] sf] 5 t/ o;af6 gful/ sn] kof{Kt nfe lng ;ls/ x] sf 5} gg\ . vf;u/ L cfwf/ e"t ju{sf gful/ sn] Gofosf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;ls/ x] sf 5} gg\ . o;df Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ sf/ 0f cfwf/ e"t ju{sf gful/ sdf sfg'gL ;fIf/ tf Go"g / xg' klg xf] . sfg'gLh: t} ljQLo ;fIf/ tf plQs} h?/ L 5 . ljQLo ;fIf/ tf eGgfn] cfDbfgL, vr{, shf{, s/ of] hgf, ladf, art tyf nufgL h: tf ljQLo If] qsf dxTjk"0f{ ljifox? a'em] / plrt lg0f{o ug{;Sg] IfdtfnfO{ hgfpF5 . cfd gful/ snfO{ ljQLo ;fIf/ tf lbg' cfjZos eO;s] sf] 5 . sfg'gL / ljQLoh: t} dxTjk"0f{ 5– l8lh6n ;fIf/ tf . k|ljlwsf] k|of] uaf6 cfkm\gf] hLjg ;~rfngnfO{ ;xh agfpg] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; g} l8lh6n ;fIf/ tfsf] p2] Zo xf] . of] klg h?/ L eO;s] sf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu} o;sf] k|of] u klg lgs} g} a9] sf] 5 t/ ;xL k|of] u x'g g;Sbf k|ljlwsf] ;b''kof] u x'g ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . ;fgf] pbfx/ 0f x] / f} +, clxn] hxfF a;] / klg cfkm\gf] df] afOnaf6 ljB't dx;'n ltg{ ;lsG5 t/ pkef] Qmfx? 3G6f} + nfOg a;] / dx;'n ltl/ / x] sf e] l6G5g\ . ;do / ;dfhsf] kl/ jt{g;Fu} cfkm\gf gful/ snfO{ ;fIf/ , ;r] t / lzlIft agfpg g;Sg] b] zx? klg k|lt: kwf{df cufl8 cfpg ;Sb} gg\ . xfd|f gLlt lgdf{tfx?n] klg abln+bf] ljZj kl/ j] znfO{ Wofg lbP/ gful/ snfO{ x/ ] s If] qdf ;fIf/ agfpg] gLlt agfpg' cfjZos 5 . ca lzIff eg] / dfq} k'Ub} g o;sf] u'0f: t/ Lotf, Jofj;flostf / x/ ] s gful/ ssf] hLjg kl/ jt{g ug] { vfnsf] x'g cfjZos 5 . To: t} ;fIf/ tf klg cIf/ lrgfpg] dfq} xf] Og, abln+bf] ;donfO{ lrg] / ;f] xLcg's"n cfkm\gf] hLjg ;xh, ;/ n / ;kmn agfpg gful/ s ;Ifd x'g;Sg] u/ L ax'cfoflds ;fIf/ tfdf hf] 8 lbg' cfjZos 5 .

s;n] s] eg] < kfFr bnn] o;cl3 lht] sf : yfgnfO{ oyfjt / fv] / Pdfn] n] lht] sf : yfgdf efua08f ug{] xfd|f] ;xdlt xf] . t/ clxn] 7"nf bn To; ljk/ Lt a9L l;6df bfaL ul/ / x] sf 5g\, o;n] s] xL ;d: of lgDTofpg ;S5 .

– df] xgljqmd l;+x -g] skf d;fnsf dxfdGqL_ d} n] / fli6«o;efdf cj;/ kfPF, k|ltlglw;efdf ;f+;b ePF, ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b: o klg eP“ clg k|b] z ;efdf klg uPF . slxn] r'gfj xf/ ] +, slxn] lht] +. dGqL ePF, d'VodGqL ePF . ca c¿nfO{ cj;/ lbg'k5{, o'jfnfO{ cj;/ lbg'k5{ .

– ci6nIdL zfSo -g] skf Pdfn] pkfWoIf_ of] u7aGwg Pdfn] nfO{ lhTg glbg / ef] ln ;/ sf/ agfpgsf nflu ul/ Psf] xf] . ljrf/ / l;4fGt s] xL gldNg] bn;Fu u7aGwg ul/ Psf] 5 .

– z] v/ sf] O/ fnf -g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf g] tf_ tfnd] n ubf{ Gofof] lrt lx: ;f / efu] bf/ L ePg eg] o; vfnsf u7aGwgsf] s'g} cy{ / xFb} g .

– pk] Gb| ofbj -hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g] kfnsf cWoIf_ cl3Nnf jif{df sf] / f] gfsf sf/ 0f z} lIfs u'0f: t/ vl: sof] , of] jif{ k': tsn] ;d: of eof] .

– df] xg / fO{ -lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{ wgs'6fsf k|d'v_

g] kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] cg';"rL ^ df k|b] zsf] Psn clwsf/ ;"rLcGtu{t k|b] z ljZjljBfno, pRr lzIff, k': tsfno / ;ª\u|xfnosf] Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 . To;/ L g} ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL & cGtu{t ;+3 / k|b] zsf] ;femf clwsf/ ;"rLsf] a"“bf g+= @@ df j} 1flgs cg';Gwfg, lj1fg k|ljlw / dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;sf] Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 eg] ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL ( sf] a"“bf g+= @ df ;+3, k|b] z / : yfgLo txsf] ;femf clwsf/ sf] ;"rL cGtu{t lzIff, v] ns'b / kqklqsfsf] Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgn] u/ ] sf] plNnlvt Joj: yfcGtu{t k|b] zdf ljZjljBfnosf] ;~rfng, Joj: yfkg / pRr lzIff;DaGwL clwsf/ k|b] z ;/ sf/ nfO{ k|bfg ul/ Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/ ] sf] pQm clwsf/ sf] k|of] u ub} { u08sL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] o;k"j{ g} u08sL k|b] z ljZjljBfnosf] : yfkgf u/ L sfo{ cl3 a9fO/ x] sf] 5 eg] To;kl5sf] k|b] z ljZjljZjljBfnosf] : yfkgf ug] { ;jfndf n'lDagL k|b] z bf] ;|f] ePsf] 5 . c? k|b] zn] klg k|b] z ljZjljBfnosf] : yfkgfsf lglDt 5nkmn / ax; t rnfO/ x]sf 5g\ tyflk kl/ 0ffd ;f] r] h: tf] b] lvPsf] 5} g . ;fob pgLx?sf] lglDt nf] stGqsf] klxnf] sfo{sfn k|b] z ljZjljBfnosf] : yfkgfsf lglDt pknlAwlaxLg ;fljt x'g] lglZrt h: tf] b] lvG5 . n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] ev{/ cyf{t @)&( ;fn efb| !( ut] g] kfnu~hdf Pp6f eJo sfo{qmdsf] cfof] hgf u/ L n'lDagL k|fljlws ljZjljBfnosf] pb\3f6g u/ ] sf] 5 . z} lIfs ;q @)*) b] lv k7gkf7g z'? x'g] u/ L xfn ;Dks{ sfof{nosf] : yfkgf u/ L k"j{tof/ Lsf sfdx? b|"tultdf cl3 a9fpg] a'lemPsf] 5 . pb\3f6g dGtJo lbg] qmddf n'lDagL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL s'nk|;fb s] ;Ln] jg, s[lif, Ol~hlgol/ ª, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw / ko{6g ljifodf cWoog cWofkg ul/ g] o; k|fljlws ljZjljBfnonfO{ : jb] zsf] dfq geO{ ljb] zL ljBfyL{x?sf lglDt ;d] t cfsif{0fsf] s] Gb| agfpg] ;kgf af“8] sf 5g\ . ;/ sf/ sf] k|wfgdGqL s'nklt x'g] / ;/ sf/ af6 k|fKt x'g] cg'bfgnfO{ g} cfDbfgLsf] d'Vo ;|f] t agfPsf g] kfnsf s'g} klg s] Gb|Lo cyf{t ;+3Lo ljZjljBfnox? pko'Qm lsl;dn] ;~rfng ePsf] oL cf“vfx?n] b] Vg] ;f} efUo ldn] sf] 5} g . k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] d'VodGqL pks'nklt x'g] of] k|b] z ljZjljBfno s;/ L ljb] zL ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;d] t cfslif{t ug] { u/ L u'0f: t/ sf] ;jfndf cl3 a9\g] xf] , clxn] g} ljZjf; ug{ eg] Tolt ;lhnf] b] lvb} g . of] dfldnfdf u08sL ljZjljBfnon] k|fWofkgsf] If] qdf lj1tf xfl;n u/ ] sf] u} / / fhgLlts JolQmnfO{ g} s'nkltdf lgo'Qm ug] { Pj+ k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] cg'bfg lbg] t/ k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf dGqLx? sf] xL klg s'nklt jf ;xs'nkltdf lgo'Qm gx'g] u/ L sfg'g agfO sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf / x] sf] cj: yf 5 . u08sL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] cl3 ;f/ ] sf] ljZjljBfno ;~rfngsf] of] k|fjwfgaf6

cWoogsf nflu ?lr / af~5gLo of] Uotf ePsf hgzlQmnfO{ cfslif{t ug] { xf] eg] ljZjljBfnodf kof{Kt nufgL ug'{kg] { x'G5 . cGoqsf ljZjljBfnox?sf] t'ngfdf o; ljZjljBfnon] k|bfg ug] { lzIff ;: tf] / u'0f: t/ Lo x'g'kb{5 . cfly{s lx;fjn] ul/ a / h] x] Gbf/ ljBfyL{x?sf nflu 5fqj[lQsf] Joj: yf ul/ g'kb{5 . nufgLsf] lx: ;fdf of] If] qsf : yfgLo txx?nfO{ ;d] t pgLx?n] cfh{g u/ ] sf] / fhZjsf] lglZrt k|ltzt / sd k|bfg u/ ] / ;xefuL x'gsf nflu gLlt / ljlw agfO{ clek|] l/ t ul/ g'kb{5 .  hLtaxfb'/ zfx ljBfno txsf k|fljlws ljifox?sf] cWoog / k7gkf7gnfO{ k|fyldstfdf / fvL / z} lIfs cu'jfx?n] vh'/ fsf] j8f g+= * ljBfnox?sf] cg'dlt lbg'kb{5 . s0ff{nL df () ljufxeGbf a9L hUufsf] klg hf] xf] k|b] zsf] lxdfnL If] qnfO{ ;d] t ;d] 6] / cGo ul/ ;s] sf] cj: yf 5 . slt hUuf t ;/ sf/ ljZjljBfnox?df cWoog gx'g] t/ cWoog / gful/ sx?af6 klg lgMz'Ns jf cToGt sd ug{ cfjZos b] lvPsf cuf{lgs s[lif, z'Nsdf k|fKt xf] nf t/ ljZjljBfnosf] lglDt hl8a'6L v] tL / ;f] sf] k|zf] wg, kmnkm"n k"jf{wf/ df kof{Kt nufgL ug'{ cToGt r'gf} tL v] tL, kj{tLo kof{j/ 0f, cflbjf;L;DaGwL x'g] 5 . Toltdfq geO{ k|fljlws lzIffsf nflu 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] cWoog, pRr lxdfnL x/ ]s ljifout Nofjx? rflxG5 . ToxL cg';f/ 6«fen P08 6'l/ Hd, lxdfn cf/ f] x0fnufotsf bIf hgzlQm rflxG5 . bIf hgzlQmnfO{ ;fxl;s v] n, vfB k|ljlw, vlgh k|ljlw l6sfO/ fVgsf nflu ToxL cg';f/ sf] ;] jf cflb ljifodf cWoog cWofkgsf] cf/ De ;'ljwf klg rflxG5 . o;sf nflu x/ ]s jif{ ul/ g'kb{5 . ;a} eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f k|fljlws oxL ljZjljBfnosf nflu dfq} klg ca{sf] lzIffdf ;d] t g} ltstf, OdfGbfl/ tf, v'zL / xf/ fxf/ Ldf nufgL cfjZos kg{ ;S5 . clxn] zflGt;“u ;DalGwt ljifox? km\o'hg u/ ]/ ;Dd pRr lzIffdf @÷# k|ltzt klg ah] 6 kf7\oqmddf ;dfj] z ul/ g'kb{5 o;sf/ 0f nufgL gu/ ] sf] k|b] z ;/ sf/ olt w] / } nufgL ls oxf“af6 pTkflbt hgzlQm bIfdfq geP/ ug{ tof/ x'g] ls gx'g] < gful/ sa[Qdf OdfGbf/ , v'zL / cfkm" hlGdPsf] df6f] nfO{ km} lnPsf] xNnfh: t} af“s] alb{ofsf gful/ snfO{ dfof ug] { lsl;dsf klg x'g ;s"g\ . y'Dy'Dofpgsf nflu lbPh: tf] ul/ Psf] xf] eg] x'g t OdfGbfl/ tf, g} ltstf, v'zL To: tf] kf/ fn] k|fljlws ljZjljBfno rN5 / zflGt eGg] s'/ f ljZjljBfnosf] eGg] dnfO{ nfUb} g . kf7\oqmddf ;dfj] z u/ L tbg';f/ sIffsf] 7fdf o; n'lDagL k|fljlws ljZjljBfnosf] ;xhLs/ 0f u/ ] / xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;DefJo ;] jf If] q eg] sf] ;'b"/ klZrd k|b] z, s'/ fdf dnfO{ ljZjf; nfUb} g . of] t b] v] / s0ff{nL k|b] z / n'lDagL k|b] zsf] klZrd If] q l;Sg] s'/ f xf] , of] t dfGohgx?sf] Jojxf/ af6 -af“s] , alb{of / bfª_ xf] . plNnlvt If] qsf] cg's/ 0f ug] { ljifo xf] . o;sf nflu u'?sf] ljBfno txsf] z} lIfs pknlAw x] bf{ pRr e"ldsfdf 3/ kl/ jf/ x'g'kb{5, ;dfh x'g'kb{5 / txsf] k|fljlws lzIff cWoog ug{sf nflu cGttM o;sf] cu'jfO ug] { / fhgLlts Joj: yf / kof{Kt dfqfdf k|lt: kwL{ hgzlQm pknAw k4lt x'g'kb{5 . sltko / fhtGqfTds d'n'sx? x'g] s'/ fdf 9'Ss x'g] l: ylt b] lvb} g . csf] { klg g} ltstf / OdfGbfl/ tfsf lx;fjn] cAan s'/ f o; If] qsf ;a} k|lt: kwL{ hgzlQm oxL 5g\ . To;sf/ 0f pgLx? ;d'Gglt / ;'zf;gsf k|fljlws ljZjljBfnodf cWoog u5{g\ eGg lx;fjn] klg cAan 5g\ . xfd|f] h: tf] ljZjs} klg ;lsb} g . o: tf] cj: yfdf ;f“lRrs} Pp6f pTs[i6 elgPsf] / fhgLlts zf;g Joj: yf ultnf] k|0f / k|lta4tfsf ;fy / fhgLlts nf] stGqfTds u0ftGq klg cfwfbzs gx'“b} g] t[Tj cl3 ;/ ] / ljZjljBfnonfO{ bnLo c;kmn h: tf] b] lvP/ ljsNksf] af/ ] df efua08f jf xfnLd'xfnLsf] / fhgLlteGbf w] / } ax; x'g yfn] sf] 5 . of] ;a} sf] h8 eg] sf] 6f9f / fvL cAan hgzlQmsf] Joj: yfkgaf6 xfd|f] g} ltstf / OdfGbfl/ tfdf b] lvPsf] ljZjljBfno ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . v8] / L xf] . OdfGbfl/ tf / g} ltstfsf] lzIff cGoyf xfn ;~rfngdf / x]sf o; e] ssf] ljZjljBfnosf sIffsf] 7fx?af6 cf/ De b'u{d If] qsf cWoog cWofkg gx'g] t/ ug'{ eGbf klxn] xfd|f b] zsf cu'jfx?sf] k/ LIff eg] cf] kg a's k|0ffnLaf6 ;~rfng Jojxf/ af6 l;Sg ;Sg'kb{5 . h;/ L k"/ } x'g] pRr lzIff k|bfos sn] hx?h: t} z/ L/ g'xfpg 6fpsf] af6 kfgL vGofpg'kb{5 of] ljZjljBfno klg k|fljlws lzIffsf] To;/ L g} g} ltstf / OdfGbfl/ tfsf] s'/ f ;l6{lkms] 6 af“8\g] ljZjljBfno h: tf] eof] dflyaf6 g} Jojxf/ tM k|bz{g ug'{kb{5 eg] Tof] eGbf 7"nf] b'ef{Uo xfd|f lglDt c? dftxtsfn] l;Sg] u/ L . cGoyf ;w} el/ s] xL x'g] 5} g . cfkm\gf] enf] afx] s c?sf] enf] g;f] Rg] / of] kª\lStsf/ n] dfly eg] sf] grfxg] bIf k|fljlws hgzlQm kf] lsg rflxof] lj8Dagfaf6 ljZjljBfnonfO{ d'Qm / fvL / < b] zel/ sf / ljb] zsf ;d] t k|fljlws lzIff jbshah072@gmail.com

OdfGbfl/ tf / g} ltstfsf] lzIff ljZjljBfnosf sIffsf] 7fx?af6 cf/ De ug'{ eGbf klxn] xfd|f b] zsf cu'jfx?sf] Jojxf/ af6 l;Sg ;Sg'kb{5 . h;/ L k"/ } z/ L/ g'xfpg 6fpsf] af6 kfgL vGofpg'kb{5 To;/ L g} g} ltstf / OdfGbfl/ tfsf] s'/ f dflyaf6 g} Jojxf/ tM k|bz{g ug'{kb{5 dftxtsfn] l;Sg] u/ L . cGoyf ;w} el/ cfkm\gf] enf] afx] s c?sf] enf] g;f] Rg] / grfxg] bIf k|fljlws hgzlQm kf] lsg rflxof] / <

kl/jt{gsf nflu ===== s] xL cfz ug] { 7fp“ b] lvG5 . cfkm"n] lgo'Qm u/ ] sf] s'nkltaf6 g} v'?v'? sfd ug] { u/ fpg] u/ L lgo'lQmsf] a] nfdf g} arga4 agfPkl5 eg] s;sf] kf] s] nfUof] / < n'lDagL k|b] zsf] t u08sL k|b] zsf h: tf b] vfpg] bf“t klg ultnf b] lvPgg\ . cg'bfg klg cfkm} n] lbg] , s'nklt / ;xs'nklt klg k|b] z ;/ sf/ s} d'VodGqL / dGqL x'g] ePkl5 To: tf] cj: yfdf ;/ sf/ n] cfkm\gf dfG5] x? ehfpg s;/ t ub} {g eGg] s] ljZjf; < To: tf] cj: yfdf cfkm\gf] / fhgLlts bnsf] xfnLd'xfnL x'g] u/ L ultljlwx? x'“b} gg\ eGg] s] 7] ufg < o;/ L d"n 9f] sfaf6} ljZjljBfnoleq / fhgLlt k|j] z u¥of] eg] lzIffsf] u'0f: t/ / ljZj;gLotfn] em\ ofnaf6 xfd kmfn] / s'n] nd 7f] Sg] u/ ] sf] oyfy{sf] ;fIfL xfd|f] cfkm\g} Oltxf; 5 . g] kfnnufot sltko cNkljsl;t b] zx?n] lzIffdf sd nufgL ug] { / To;df klg pRr lzIffdf sd nufgL ug] { / cem To;df klg k|fljlws lsl;dsf] pRr lzIffdf emg\ sd nufgL ug] { k|j[lQ b] lvG5 . o;sf] Pp6} sf/ 0f ;/ sf/ n] lzIffdf sd nufgL ug'{ / k|fljlws lzIffsf nflu a9L nufgLsf] cfjZos kg'{ xf] . xfd|f] d'n'sdf klg cfly{s jif{ @)!(÷@) / @)@)÷@! lt/ pRr lzIffdf ePsf] nufgL lzIffdf ul/ Psf] s'n nufgLsf] !) k|ltztsf] xf/ fxf/ Ldf dfq / x] sf] 5 . To;/ L g} lzIff tyf dfgj ;|f] t ljsf; s] Gb|sf] ;g\ @)@) sf] tYof+s cg';f/ ljBfno txdf egf{ ePsf ljBfyL{x?dWo] !# k|ltzt ljBfyL{x? dfq pRr lzIff;Dd k'u] sf] cj: yf 5 / pRr lzIffdf k'u] sfdWo] @) k|ltzteGbf a9L ljBfyL{x? t a} b] lzs d'n'sdf cWoogsf nflu uPsf] cj: yf 5 . pRr lzIffdf k'u] sf s'n ljBfyL{x?dWo] sl/ j !% k|ltzt ljBfyL{x? dfq k|fljlws lzIffsf] cWoogtkm{ nfu] sf] cj: yf b] lvG5 . af“sL krf;L k|ltzt ljBfyL{x? ;fwf/ 0f lzIff xfl;n ug] { / z} lIfs a] / f] huf/ sf] ?kdf jif] {lg yk x'g] qmd hf/ L 5 . o;/ L cf“sng ubf{ d'n'sn] lzIff If] qdf To;df klg k|fljlws lzIffsf] If] qdf dgUu] nufgL gul/ / x] sf] cj: yfdf n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] af“s] sf] vh'/ fdf k|fb] lzs k|fljlws ljZjljBfno : yfkgf ug] { lg0f{o u/ ] sf] 5 . o;sf nflu vh'/ f ufp“kflnsfsf hgk|ltlglw

æsf t" efif0f gf b} kOxf} <Æ slxn] sfxL+ d ;f] Rg] ub{5', d] / f] hLjgsf] df] 8df kqsf/ s;/ L eP“ < o;} ljifodf dgdg} dGyg ub} { cfkmgf a'jfnfO{ ;DemG5', lsgeg] a'jfn] dnfO{ ug'{'ePsf] k|Zgaf6 g} kqsf/ ePsf] x'“ . d] / f] klxnf] kf7zfnf sf] Onfaf;sf] : s"n eP klg sIff $ b] lv & ;Dd bfª eds] sf] Eo'“8x/ ;'gk'/ / sIff * b] lv !) ;Dd dx] Gb| dfWolds ljBfno t'n;Lk'/ bfªdf k7gkf7g u/ ] sf] x'“ . To;} n] d] / f a'jf cgGt/ fd u'Ktfn] Pslbg d;“u oxL k|Zg ug'{ePsf] lyof] – …sf t" efif0f gf b} kOxf} <Ú a'jfsf] Tof] ;f] wfO d] / f] hLjg ;'wf/ s zAb aGof] . @)#! ;fndf bfª eds] af6 cfkm\gf] sk8fsf] k;n lkmtf{ lnP/ sf] Onfaf; uPkl5 ef/ tsf] t'n;Lk'/ sf Pshgf lzIfsn] d;“u eGg'eof] – …u'KtfhL, tkfO“ ef/ tsf] t'n;Lk'/ sf] : s"ndf sIff !! sf] kmf/ fd eg'{;\, k} ;f dfq hDdf ul/ lbg';\, af“sL ;a} sfd d} n] x] g] {5' .Ú pxf“n] k/ LIffdf d] / f] ] gfdsf] csf] { ljBfyL{ a;fNg] s'/ f klg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . t/ cfdf la/ fdL, cfly{s sdhf] / L / k'vf{n] ub} { cfPsf] Joj;fo g} ug] { ;f] r ePsf] n] d] / f] k9fOtkm{ Wofg uPg . clg sIff !! sf] kmf/ fd eg] { s'/ f d} n] OGsf/ u/ ] + . a'jfsf] k|Zgdf d] / f] lrQ a'‰of] . ;+ljwfg lbj; / / fhfsf] hGdf] T;jdf efif0f ug] { ;f] r agfP“ . efif0fdf q'l6 gxf] ;\ eg] / Pp6f sfuhsf] kGgfdf n] v] / 3f] s] / ofb klg u/ ] + t/ cfkm"n] lxGbLdf efif0f ug] { s'/ f u/ ] sf] n] k|wfgk~r k|ofu gf/ fo0f ld>n] efif0f ug] { Ohfht lbg'ePg . d} n] efif0f ug{ lsg gkfpg] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf k|wfgk~r ld>n] eGg'eof] – s] xL jif{ klxn] sf] s'/ f xf] , ef/ tsf] d'hKkm/ k'/ sf ;Togf/ fo0f emf eGg] lzIfs sf] Onfaf;sf] ] : s"ndf k9fpg] ub{y] . lzIfs emfn] / fhfsf] hGdf] T;jdf Psk6s efif0f ub} { lyP . efif0fdf pQ] lht eP/ af] Nb} hf“bf …Sof xd k|wfgk~r gxL ag ;st] x} + < lhNnf ;efklt gxL ag ;st] x} + < Sof xd dGqL, k|wfgdGqL gxL ag ;st] x} + < c/ ] , xd Sof gxL ag ;st] x} +, cu/ hgtf rfn] tf] xd / fhf dxf/ fhf eL ag ;st] x} Ú eGg] lalQs} sf] Onfaf; yfgfsf k|x/ Ln] lzIfs emfnfO{ ;dft] / yfgfdf nuL cfkm\gf] lx/ f;tdf / fv] . sf] Onfaf;sf ljlzi6 JolQm 5Gbaxfb'/ zfx -sfn] afa'_ / k|wfgk~r ld> yfgfdf uP/ lzIfs emfnfO{ k|x/ Lsf] lgoGq0faf6 d'Qm u/ fP/ ef/ t k7fp“b} eg] –

…ca g] kfnd] dt cfgf, gxL tf] h] n sf6t] sf6t] t'Dxf/ f hLjg aaf{b xf] hfPuf . ld>n] ;f] Rg'eof] ls sxL of] / fw] Zofdn] klg To: t} pN6f k'N6f af] N5 ls < oxL ;f] rn] dnfO{ af] Ng] Ohfht glbPsf] s'/ f klg d;“u eGg'ePsf] lyof] . t/ / fli6«otfsf] zLif{sdf sljtf jfrg ug] { cg'dlt dfu] . Tof] sljtf klg cfkm"n] hf“r] / dfq cg'dlt lbg'eof] . / fli6«o lbj; slxn] cfpnf / efif0f u?“nf egL klv{/ x“bf Ps lbg / fhfsf] hGdlbj; cfOxfNof] . / fhfsf] hohosf/ ub} { gu/ kl/ qmdf u/ ] kZrft ufp“k~rfotsf] k|fª\ u0fdf cfd;ef z'? eof] . sfo{qmd ;~rfns ;lrj dx] Gb| emfn] sf] Onfaf; ahf/ sf o'jf / fw] Zofd u'Ktf cfP/ / fli6«otfsf] zLif{sdf sljtf jfrg ug{sf nflu af] nfpg'eof] . d d~rdf uP/ klxn] ;a} nfO{ ;Daf] wg u/ ] + . sljtfsf] sfuh sf] 6sf] uf] hLdf / fv] / efif0f z'? u/ ] + . ;efdf k|x/ L–k|zf;g, e+;f/ , ;fN6 6«] l8ªnufot ;/ sf/ L sfof{nosf k|d'vx?sf] pkl: ylt lyof] . efif0f ul/ ;s] kl5 Ohfht kfPsf] sljtf jfrg u/ ] kZrft tfnLsf] u8u8fx6 klg ePsf] lyof] . / fltdf a'jfcfdfsf aLrdf eft vfg] a] nf a'jfn] cfdf;“u eGg'eof] – cfh k|wfgk~rn] / fw] Zofdsf] efif0f ;'g] / v'zL x'“b} eGg'eof] – …cfh t'xf/ n8sf s] / efif0f ;'gs} xdf/ lhp v'z xf] Oujf cf} xdsf ljZjf; xf] O ujf x} ls sf] Onfaf;df Ps s0f{wf/ x} .Ú cfkm\ gf] k|z+;f ;'g] kl5 d] / f] dgdf emg xf} ;nf hfUof] / ;a} / fli6«o sfo{qmddf efif0f ug{ yfn] + . efif0fdf lgvf/ klg cfpg yfNof] . k|x/ L k|zf;gsf] sdLsdhf] / L klg efif0fdf af] Ng yfn] +, h;n] ubf{ Toxf“sf Pshgf k|x/ L k|d'vnfO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no bfªdf af] nfP/ tTsfnLg l;l8cf] ;fxan] emkfg'{ x'“b} …ca / fd|f] ;“u 8\o"6L ug'{, u'gf;f] gcfcf] ;\Ú eGb} k7fpg'ePsf] lyof] eGg] s'/ f d} n] klg yfxf kfPsf] lyP“ . o;/ L d] / f] efif0f ;'g] / k|efljt ePsf Pshgf x'nfssf] 6] Dkf] 8«fOe/ dfgaxfb'/ vqLn] 3f] / fxL uPsf] a] nf gof“ o'uaf] w ;fKtflxssf] sfof{nodf k'u] / ;Dkfbs u'? gf/ fo0fKf|;fb zdf{;“u eGg'eof] – u'? † sf] Onfaf;df Pp6f s] 6f] kqsf/ agfpg] nfos 5 . g] kfnL efiffdf efif0f klg u5{, / fd|f] af] N5 . : jefj klg / fd|f] 5 . olt eg] kl5 u'?hLn] ;sf/ fTds hjfkm lbg'eof] / @)#& ;fn sflt{s !& ut] 3f] / fxL k'u] / ;Dkfbs u'?;“u e] 6 u/ ] kl5 dnfO{ lnlvt

?kdf kqsfl/ tfsf] clwsf/ kq lbg'eof] . kqsf/ ePkl5 sf] Onfaf;sf] ;dfrf/ k7fpg yfn] + . ;dfrf/ k7fpg] qmddf u'?hLn] k|x/ L k|zf;gdf sxf“ uNtL x'G5, 3'; e|i6frf/ sxf“ x'G5, Tof] ;dfrf/ g8/ fP/ k7fpg';\ tkfO{+nfO{ cK7\of/ f] nfU5 eg] uf] Ko n] v] / k7fpg';\, xfdL cfkm\g} gfdaf6 ;dfrf/ 5flklbG5f} + eGg] lgb] {zg lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ljleGg sfo{qmdx?df efif0f ub} { hf“bf clxn] d] / f] efif0f ;'Gg] ;xefuLx?nfO{ x“;fpg] zAb k|of] u u/ ] kl5 d] / f] efif0fn] nf] slk|otf kfPsf] b] pv'/ L pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf pkfWoIf s] Zfj/ fh kf] v|] n atfpg'x'G5 . ev{/ } : ju{åf/ L sZok ;dfh ;] jf ;ldlt ndxLn] / fv] sf] ;dfhsf Ho] i7 gful/ sx?nfO{ bf] ;Nnf cf] 9fP/ ;Ddfg u/ ] sf] sfo{qmddf dnfO{ hjfg 7fg] / ;Ddfg gu/ ] sf] x'“bf d} n] cfkm"nfO{ hjfg / x] sf] 7fGb} xif{n] ubub ePsf] ljrf/ JoQm u/ ] kl5 ;xefuLx?n] klg v'zLn] tfnL ahfpg'ePsf] lyof] . d} n] w] / } g] tf / ljåfgx?sf] efif0f ;'g] + t/ u'? gf/ fo0fk|;fb zdf{sf] efif0fdf Pp6f ljz] iftf kfP“ . pxf“sf] efif0fdf cfkm\ gf] hLjgdf ef] u] sf] kL8f ;'gfpg] t/ cfkm"n] u/ ] sf] axfb'/ L jf ljz] if sfdaf/ ] slxNo} klg JofVof ug'{ePg . h: t} M @)^@ ;fndf bfª 3f] / fxLdf lgsflnPsf] nfvf} +sf] hg;fu/ ;xefuL ePsf] hgcfGbf] ngsf] ;b\efj ¥ofnLsf] g] t[Tj cfkm"n] u/ ] sf] , kqsfl/ tfsf] If] qsf dfl;s, ;fKtflxs / b} lgs ;d] t 7"nf–7"nf wgf9\o, k|x/ L–k|zf;g, 7] s] bf/ , xflsdn] u/ ] sf] unt sfdaf/ ] ;dfrf/ k|sfzg u/ ] kl5 kmnfgf] sf] hflu/ r6 eof] , ;?jf eof] jf sfo{jfxLdf k¥of] eGg] s'/ f cfkm\gf] efif0fdf slxn] klg eGg' ePg . wfld{s efif0f ;'Gbf lbbL CtDe/ fsf] efif0fdf d} n] slxNo} klg glal;{g] Pp6f s'/ f kfPsf] 5' . pxf“ eGg'x'G5– dflg;sf] ljjfx ePkl5 lelqPsf] b'nxL klxn] rGb|d'vL b] lvG5, s] xL lbgkl5 pg} b'nxL ;"o{d'vL alG5g\ / 5f] / f5f] / L hGd] kl5 nf] Ug] –: jf: gL / ;f;"–a'xf/ Lsf aLr s6'tf pTkGg x'G5 / pg} rGb|d'vL a'xf/ Lsf] : jefj Hjfnfd'vL aGg hfG5 . Tof] cfhef] ln clwsf+z 3/ df b] Vg kfOG5 . efif0fs} k|efjn] z'?df ;fOlsndf lx+8\g] ef/ t xl/ åf/ sf afaf / fdb] j clxn] xjfO{ hxfhdf ofqf ug{ yfn] sf] xfdL b] lv/ x] sf 5f} + . pxf“n] afns[i0f cfrfo{nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;xof] uL agfPsf] n] cfo'j{] b /

u / fw] Zofd u'Ktf of] u lzlj/ ;kmn aGg k'u] sf] 5 . of] usf] dfWodn] dfu] / kfPsf] bfgaf6} c/ af+} sf] 6«i6 v8f u/ ] / ljZjdf klg 7fp“–7fp“df kt~hnL of] u ;ldlt, kt~hnL d] l8l;g ;] G6/ v'n] sf] 5 . cfo'j{] lbs cf} iflw / b} lgs pkef] usf ;fdfgx?sf] sf/ vfgf klg ef/ t, g] kfn / cGo / fi6«x?df klg v'n] sf] xfdL b] Vg ;S5f+} . lgMz'Nsaf6 z'? u/ ] sf] of] u lzlj/ clxn] z'Ns lt/ ] / eP klg klg ef/ tnufot cGo / fi6«x?af6 xl/ åf/ sf] kt~hnL of] uu|fddf k'u] / cf–cfkm\ gf hl6n / f] ux? lgsf] eP/ hfg] u/ ] sf] cf: yf Rofgndf of] u lzlj/ sf] sfo{qmdsf ;xefuLx?n] u/ ] sf] k|ltlqmofaf6 k|i6 a'‰g ;lsG5 . xl/ åf/ df dGqL: t/ sf dflg;x? a: g nfossf] Joj: yf pknAw 5 eGg] s'/ f e/ kbf] { ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 . clxn] xl/ åf/ sf] kt~hnL of] u u|fddf lrlsT;sx?af6 y] / fkL, ;"qg] tL, lz/ f] wf/ fnufotsf k~rsd{ / lgMz'Ns ef] hgsf] / fd|f] Aoj: yf ePsf] n] afx|} dlxgf eL8 x'g] ub{5 . Tof] ;a} afaf / fdb] jsf] efif0fs} k|efj xf] . d] / f] cg'ejsf] cfwf/ df cfhsf o'jfx?nfO{ eGg'kg] { s'/ f s] xf] eg] xfdLn] cfkm\ gf cu|hx?sf] dg;fo d'tfljs k7gkf7g;“u ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkx?df a9L ;do ;+nUg / xg] afgLsf] ljsf; ug'{k5{ . o;f] ul/ of] eg] xfdLn] ;do;fk] If ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ ;do;“u} lx+8fpg ;S5f} + . x] o'jfx? † cIf/ ;“u ldt] / L uf“;, k': tsnfO{ c;n ldq 7fg, cfkm\gf dfGohgx?sf] lgb] {zgcg';f/ sf] lbgrof{ agfpm . hLjg / dfOnf] ;“u hLpgsf nflu k5'tf] x'g] sfd gu/ . d} n] lktf>Lsf] k|] / 0ffn] u'?hL;“u glhs x'g] cj;/ kfP“ . clxn] ;Dd pxf“s} lgb] {zgdf d] / f] lbgrof{ lalt/ x] sf] n] cfkm\gf] ;'vb eljiok|lt d lglZrGt 5' .

(Sep. 9, 2022)

www.nayayougbodh.com

/f]lsPg===

k|of] hg eg] / laqmL ul/ of] . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsfcg';f/ bfª If] qdf ut cfly{s jif{df !@ xhf/ So'lkm6 sf7 ;fd'bflos jgaf6 cfGtl/ s vkt cg';f/ pkef] Qmfdf ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] 5 . gf} xhf/ a9L So'lkm6 sf7 cfGtl/ s laqmLsf nflu l8lehg jg sfof{no bfª -b] pv'/ L_, ndxLn] ;fd'bflos jgnfO{ ;xdlt lbPsf] 5 . ;+sngsf nflu @) xhf/ b'O{ ;o %& So'lkm6eGbf a9L cg'dlt lbPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df l8lehg jg sfof{no bfª -b] pv'/ L_ ndxLn] 5 ;fd'bflos jgaf6 5 xhf/ So'lkm6 EfGbf a9L sf7 lnnfd laqmL u/ ] sf] 5 . pkef] QmfnfO{ k'u] / aflx/ lnnfd ul/ bf;d] t ;fd'bflos jg If] qaf6} t: s/ L eg] / f] lsPsf] 5} g . ;/ sf/ L tYof+sn] sf7sf] t: s/ L emg a9] sf] b] vfp“5 .

z'4 kfgL rflxPdf

e08f/L jf6/ ;Knfo;{

lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf], #)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 . ;Dks{ : yfgM )*@–%^##(#, (*!***%(&# 3f]/fxL–* -gofF a;kfs{b]lv klZrd_ bfª

6\ofª\s/af6 kfgL

#)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] kfgL, z'4 kfgL lkpg, lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{, ljjfx a|taGw, 3/fo;L k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZos k/]df 6\of+s/af6 ;:tf] d"Nodf pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf 5 .

wf}n' kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb|

3f]/fxL, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*@(!^^, (*)!(&(@@*

clkm;df sd{rf/L rflxof] ;+Vof M !! hgf -dlxnf­, k'?if_ of]Uotf M ;fdfGo n]vfk9L tna M 32,500.– -bz}+ eQf_ :yfgM ndxL, 3f]/fxL, t'n;Lk'/ ;Dks{ g+= 9843089958, 9813380144 gf]6M clkm; lelh6 ubf{ 8s'd]G6 clgjfo{ 5 .

/ wd] { a'9fyf] sL tyf k|b] z;ef …vÚ df k|ToIfdf lrqaxfb'/ s] ;L ;lxt ;dfg'kfltsdf gjLgl;+x e8] n, d~h' o/ L, / fwf zdf{ 3tL{, ?b| axfb'/ 3tL{ / nIdL af] x/ fsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . t/ cfGtl/ s ljjfbsf sf/ 0f g] kfnL sf+u|] ;n] eg] km/ s–km/ s gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . kf6L{sf ;efklt s] zaxfb'/ lai6 kIfn] Psy/ Lsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 eg] g] tf / fh] Gb|axfb'/ zfx, w'|j/ fh k'/ L, l8NnL/ fh / ] UdL kIfsf] tkm{af6 kf6L{sf pk;efklt rqm b] jsf] 6f kIfn] 5'§} l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . b'a} kIfn] km/ s–km/ s gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf x'g\ . lji6 kIfn] ;+3df k|ToIftkm{ s] z axfb'/ lji6 / ;dfg'kfltsdf u0f] z rGb, gLdaxfb'/ cf] nL, dx] z dNn, dx] Gb| >] i7, w'|jaxfb'/ dNn, z+s/ >] i7 / sdnf clwsf/ LnfO{ l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . o: t} k|b] z;ef …sÚ df uf] / v s] ;L, ;'/ ] z rGb / l8NnL a'9fyf] sL tyf k|b] z;ef …vÚ df k|ToIftkm{ ;Gtf] if s] ;Lsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . ptf lhNnf pk;efklt b] jsf] 6f kIfn] ;+3df k|ToIftkm{ / fh] Gb|axfb'/ zfx / w|'j/ fh k'/ L tyf ;dfg'kfltdf l8NnL/ fh / ] UdLsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] ;|f] tsf] bfaL 5 . ;|f] tsf cg';f/ k|b] z;ef …sÚ sf nflu Ps/ fh 8f“uL, ;'/ ] z rGb / g] q cf] nL tyf k|b] z;ef …vÚ df pk;efklt b] jsf] 6f;lxt ;'/ ] z clwsf/ L / dfg axfb'/ 8f“uLsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . lhNnfaf6 km/ s–km/ s gfd l;kmfl/ ; ePkl5 k|b] zsf] 6f] nL ljjfb ;dfwfgsf nflu lhNnfdf cfPsf] lyof] . t/ b'a} kIfn] cfkm\gf] c8fg g5f] 8] kl5 6f] nL kmls{Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . lai6 kIfn] cfkm" cflwsfl/ s ePsf] atfp“b} cfPsf] 5 eg] b] jsf] 6f kIfn] cNkdtn] u/ ] sf] lg0f{o dfGo gx'g] eGb} cfkm"x?sf] PsltxfO{ a9Ln] u/ ] sf] l;kmfl/ ; cflwsfl/ s x'g] bfaL ub} { cfPsf] 5 .

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no 3f]/fxL, bfª, n'lDagL, k|b]z, g]kfn

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf / lghL If]qsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf 3'DtL zf}rfno ;+rfng;DaGwL ;"rgf †

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&&.)%.@$ ut] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf sfof{non] lghL If] q;Fusf] ;fem] bf/ Ldf 3'DtL zf} rfno ;+rfng u/ L ;fa{hlgs : yndf lx+88'n ug] { ;a} gful/ sx?sf nflu ;fj{hlgs zf} rfno gePsf : yfgx?df 3'DtL zf} rfno ;+rfngsf nflu cf=j= @)&(÷)*) sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd cg';f/ hDdf / sd ?= %,)),))) -cIf?kLM kfFr nfv ?k} ofF dfq_ lalgof] hg ul/ Psf] x'Fbf, pQm sfo{qmd 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf / lghL If] qsf] ;fem] bf/ Ldf ug] { egL ;/ ;kmfO{, jftfj/ 0f tyf ljkb Joj: yfkg ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&(.)$.@^ ut] / ldlt @)&(.)%.@# ut] sf lbg a;] sf] gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] a} 7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ , 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf t'n;Lk'/ rf] sb] lv laB't k|flws/ 0f;Ddsf] If] qdf 3'DtL zf} rfno ;] jf pknAw u/ fpg rfxg] OR5's JolQm, ;+3;+: yfn] tf] lsPsf] sfuhft;lxt ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] -!%_ lbgleq b/ vf: t k] z ug{ x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 . b/ vf: t k] z ug] { clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs labf kg{ uPdf ;f] sf] ef] lnkN6 sfof{no ;dodf k] z ug{'kg] {5 . != k] z ug{'kg] { cfjZos sfuhftx? M -!_ k|: tfj tyf sfo{of] hgf .

-@_ g] kfnL gful/ stfsf] k|ltlnlk .

-#_ kmd{ tyf Joj;fo btf{sf] k|df0fkq .

-$_ s/ r'Qmfsf] k|df0fkq .

-%_ b/ vf: t k] z ug] { clGtd ldlt M @)&(.)^.)& ut] gf] 6 M hfgsf/ Lsf] nflu ;Dks{ ug] { zfvf M 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf ;/ ;kmfO{ Joj: yfkg zfvf .

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

cfhsf] /fzLkmn nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb| @)&(.)%.@$ ut] z'qmaf/ ltlyM efb| z'Sn rt'b{zL, gIfqM wlgi7f

Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M tkfO“sf] sfo{sf] /fd|f] d"Nof+sg x'g ;Sg]5 .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M k|ltlIft glthf sdhf]/ b]lvgfn] sfd bf]xf]¥ofpg' knf{ .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_M wg, k|lti7f / ;fdflhs bfloTj k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M pknlAwsf nflu ;fx|} d]xgt ug'{knf{ . ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M Go"g pknlAwdf lrQ a'emfpg'kg]{ x'g ;S5 . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M sfd k"/f geP klg nfe eg] k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M

wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M

;d:of kG5\ofp“b} clwsf/ :yflkt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

c?sf] kmfObfsf] nflu pkof]u x'g ;lsg]5 . d]xgtn] ;kmntfsf] prfOdf k'¥ofpg ;Sg]5 .

ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M cgfjZos jf0fLsf sf/0f ;d:of x'g ;Sg]5 .

s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M tkfO“sf] af]nL / ljrf/sf k|z+;sx? a[l4 xf]nf . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M

e}kl/ cfpg] ;d:of / vr{n] lrGtf a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

o; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 tkl;ndf pNn]lvt rn–crn ;DklQ ;'/If0f jfkt lwtf] /fvL jf g/fvL tkl;nsf C0fLn] lnPsf] C0f shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh nufotsf cGo /sd ;d]t o; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf;Fusf] zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd ;do ;dodf ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{df ;f] glt/L ga'emfO{ C0f shf{ ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]h pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf]n] k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt ?kdf t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;f] C0f shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ a]jf:tf ug'{ePsf]n] of] #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of]] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #%-k+}tL;_ lbg leq o; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f shf{sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf, Aofh / cGo b} b:t'/ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug'{xf]nf . cGoyf k|rlnt P]g sfg'g tyf o; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] lnvt adf]lhd lwtf]df /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ +saf6 :…3Ú sf] Ohfhtkqk| ;+:nyf,pk/ /fli6«ul/g' o:t/sfsfo{ ePsf]tyf Æ_ hdfgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] lnnfd ljqmL u/L jf cGo s'g} Joj:yf -æg] u/Lkfn n3'/fi6« ljQ a}ljQLo;+ yfsf]ju{cfˆgf] n]gf /sdfKtc;' ;fy}If]qC0fL sfnf];"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ug]{ Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/fskf]hfgsf/L crn >L;DktL lnnfd laqmLjf6 ;d] t n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf {/]6 sfof{u/fOG5 no, ag]k. f;fy} kmf]gpQmg+= rn M ±(&&—)!!—^^))#$ /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, ldlt @)&#,M @)&(÷)%÷@$ a}s tyf ljQLo -o' ;+:uyfsf] C0f oc;'b}lngs L P]_g, @)%* / ;f]sf] lgodfjnL @)%( tyf k|rlnt sfg'g k|sflzt af]w /fli6« cg';f/ C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{sf] cGo rn crn C0f hfoh]shf{ yf >L;DklQaf6 gf /sd #% c;'nlbg]pk/ r'Qmf e'QmfgafFsug]L {n];DaGwL ;fj{ul/g] hlgsJoxf];"/rf gf;d]t C0fL, hdfgLstf{ tyf ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ o;} ;"rgfåf/f rt ul/G5 . tkl;ndf pNn]lvt rn–crn ;DklQ ;'/If0f jfkt lwtf] /fvL jf g/fvL tkl;nsf C0fLn] lnPsf] C0f shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh nufotsf o; n3'ljQ;"lljQLo ;+:yfaf6 cGo /sd ;d]t o; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf;Fusf] zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd ;do tkl;n ;dodf ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{df ;f] glt/L ga'emfO{ C0f shf{ ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]h pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf] ?kdfljj/0f t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;f] C0f shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf s'ghdfgLstf{ } rf;f] gb]vsfO{f] a]ljj/0f jf:tf ug'{ePsf]n] of] #% -k}lt;_ qm=; ! n] k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt C0fLsf] lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt >LdtL cgGtf b]jL ul/Psf] ofbj 5 . !_ /fd]Zj/ ofbj of]] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] }tL;_M u9jf lbg lequf=lj=;= o; n3'j8f ljQ g+ljQLo :yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL n3'ljQ ljQLo shf{sj8f f] ;Dk"g+0=f{ )(, ;fFjf,bfªAofh / :yfoL#%-k+ 7]ufgf = )(,;+bfª :yfoL;+7]:yfaf6 ufgf M lnPsf] u9jf C0f uf=lj=;= cGo b} b:t'/ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug' x { f] n f . cGoyf k| r lnt P] g sfg' g tyf o; n3' l jQ ljQLo ;+ : yf;F u u/] s f] lnvt adf] l hd lwtf] d f /x] s f] jf g/x] s f] rn xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&,crn bfª ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL u/L jf cGo s'klt g} Joj:yf u/L n3' l jQ ljQLo;+ : yfsf] cfˆgf] n] g f /sd c;' n pk/ ul/g' s f ;fy} C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{ n fO{ ;d] t shf{ ;" r gf s]Gb|sf] M /fd]Zj/ ofbj lktf M aNbL clx/ sfnf];"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ug]{ Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . ;fy} pQm rn crn >L;DktL lnnfd laqmLjf6 ;d] t n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf '/f MljQLo aNbL ;+clx/ M :o"gfy /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf a}+s;;'tyf :yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&#, a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] C0f c;'nL afh] P]g, @)%* / ;f]sf] lgodfjnL @)%( tyf k|rlnt sfg'g lktf M b] l j/fd df] x /f cg';f/ C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{sf] cGo rn crn hfoh]yf >L;DklQaf6 afFsL n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t C0fL, hdfgLstf{ tyf ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ o;} lwtf]sf] ljj/0f ;"rgfåf/f ;"lrt ul/G5 . zfvf sfof{no M u9jf, bfª

af6 lgjf{lrt Hjfnf o;k6s ;+3df n8\g OR5's b] lvPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . h;df ;dfg'kfltstkm{ bfdf] b/ zdf{ / zfGtf xdfn, k|b] z;ef …sÚ df nf] s axfb'/ 8f“uL, k|] df clwsf/ L / hLjg la;L tyf k|b] z;ef …vÚ df eb|l;+ª a'9f, zf/ bf kl/ of/ / xl/ s] ;Lsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . o: t} g] skf Pdfn] n] klg ;+3 / k|b] zdf k|ToIftkm{ u'nfjh+u zfxsf] gfd Psn l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . cfufdL lgjf{rgdf ;+3 / k|b] z;ef …vÚ df zfxnfO{ Psn l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] xf] . @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf zfx k|b] z;ef …sÚ af6 lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] lyof] . o: t} ;+3df ;dfg'kfltstkm{ g] aaxfb'/ s“j/ , ;l/ tf xdfn / / fd v8\uLnfO{ l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . o: t} k|b] z;ef …sÚ df s'naxfb'/ lu/ L, 3gZofd zdf{ / lednfb] jL rGb, ;dfg'kfltstkm{ hgs las, cfzf cf] nL / / ] zd/ fh zdf{ tyf k|b] z;ef …vÚ df ;dfg'kfltstkm{ s'GtL a: g] t, dgf] h l;+x, 3gZofd zdf{, tf] dfgGb s] ;L / wgaxfb'/ g] kfnLnfO{ l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . otf g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] ;+3df Psn l;kmfl/ ;sf nflu ;xdlt h'6fpg g;s] kl5 b'O{hgfsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . h;df 6] saxfb'/ a: g] t / / d] z dNnsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] xf] . a: g] t @)&$ df ;d] t u/ L tLgk6s lgjf{lrt eO{ Psk6s ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqL;d] t eO;Sg'ePsf] 5 . clvn qmflGtsf/ Lsf] k"j{s] Gb|Lo cWoIf;d] t eO;Sg' dNn k|r08sf : jsLo ;lrj / x“b} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . o: t} ;dfg'kfltsdf sdn ljs, lbndfof a'9f du/ / / Tgaxfb'/ cf] nL l;kmfl/ ; x'g'ePsf] 5 . o: t} k|b] z;ef …sÚ df k|ToIftkm{ eLdk|sfz zdf{, ;dfg'kfltsdf sNkgf k'g, 6Lsf a'9fyf] sL, ltnss'df/ ljs

:o"gfysf] gftL, aNbL clx/sf] 5f]/f, bfª lhNnf, u9jf uf=lj=;=j8f tkl;ng+= )(, :yfoL 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&, a:g]] t sfof{ no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf btf{ sfod /x]sf] bfª lhNnf hdfgLstf{ d6]l/of uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )#, l:yt lsQf g+= qm=; ! /fd]Zj/ ofbjsf] gfddf dfnkf] C0fLsf] ljj/0f sf] ljj/0f $&% If]cgGtf qkmn !^(@=(@ g] Z;Dk" f{ lnunufkft ;d]t . >LdtL b]jL ofbjju{ld6/sf] hUuf, ;f] hUufn] rr]{sf] / eljiodf!_rr{/fd] j/ 0ofbj qm=; @ ljj/0f sf] ljj/0f :yfoL 7]uC0fLsf] fgf M u9jf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )(, bfª :yfoLhdfgLstf{ 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )(, bfª cf/tL ;'gf/ xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&, bfª !_ d'St axfb'/ ;'gf/xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&, bfª :yfoL fgfZj/ M u9jf :yfoL lktf 7]ufgfM aNbL M u+ufk|clx/ ;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%, bfª klt 7]M u/fd] ofbjuf=lj=;= j8f g+= )$, bfª xfnsf] 7] u fgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+ = )$, bfª xfnsf] 7] u fgf M u9jf ;;''/f M aNbL clx/ afh] M :o"gfy uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª kltlktf M d'MStb]lj/fd axfb'/df];'xg/ff/ lktf M d+un l;+x ;'gf/ ;;'/f M d+un l;+x ;'gf/ lwtf]sf] ljj/0f afh] M ltn axfb'/ ;'gf/ lktf M a' l Wb/fd laZjsdf{ :o"gfysf] gftL, aNbL clx/sf] 5f]/f, bfª lhNnf, u9jf uf=lj=;=j8f g+= )(, :yfoL 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )&, a:g]] lwtf]btf{ sf] sfod ljj/0f/x]sf] bfª lhNnf d6]l/of uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )#, l:yt lsQf g+= /fd]Zj/ ofbjsf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf ltn axfb' / ;'!^(@=(@ gf/sf] gftL, un l;+hUuf, x ;'gf/sf] 5f]/f, rr] bfª{slhNnf, u+ufk|;rr{ k'/ guf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%,;d] :yfoL $&% If]qkmn ju{ld+d6/sf] ;f] hUufn] f] / eljiodf ] ;Dk"0f{ lnunufkft t . 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf d'St axfb' / ;'gf/sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf hdfgLstf{ btf{ sfods/x]f] sljj/0f f] bfª lhNnf u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= qm=; @ uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, a:g]] C0fLsf] ljj/0f j8f g+=;')@, cf/tL gf/ l:yt lsQf g+=(#* If]qkmn ##*=^# ju{ld6/sf] hUuf, !_;f]d'hUufn] St axfb'rr] / {s;'gf] f// eljiodf rr{g] ;Dk"0f{ lnunufkft ;d]t . qm=; # ljj/0f j8f g+= )$, bfª ljj/0fj8f g+= )%, bfª :yfoL 7]ufgf MC0fLsf] u9jf uf=lj=;= :yfoL 7]ufgfhdfgLstf{ M u+ufk|;k'x/?sf] uf=lj=;= s[i0f axfb'/ bdfO{ !_ ;' l ' dqf kl/of/ xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª :yfoL M u+u/fk|;';gk'f// uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%, bfª klt M 7]d'uSfgf t axfb' lktf M d+:yfoL un l;+7]xufgf ;'gf/M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª xfnsf] 7] u fgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+ = )$, bfª xfnsf] 7] u ;;'/f M d+un l;+x ;'gf/ afh] M ltn axfb'/fgf ;'gMf/u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª lktf M Zofd axfb' / bdfO{ klt M s[ i 0f axfb'/ bdfO{ lktf M a'lWb/fd laZjsdf{ afh] M k''/g axfb'/ bdfO{ ;;' / f M Zofd axfb'/ bdfO lwtf]sf] ljj/0f ltn axfb'/ ;'gf/sf] gftL, d+un l;+x ;'gf/sf] 5f]/f, bfª lhNnf, u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%, :yfoL 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf @_ b]jbfªsf] f kl/of/nutdf btf{ sfod /x]sf] bfª lhNnf u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, a:g]] d'St axfb'/ ;'gf/sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, :yfoL 7]urr{ fgfgM] ;Dk" u+ufk|0f{;lnunufkft k'/ uf=lj=;=j8f j8f g+= )@, l:yt lsQf g+=(#* If]qkmn ##*=^# ju{ld6/sf] hUuf, ;f] hUufn] rr]{sf] / eljiodf ;d]tg+=. )%, bfª xfnsf]hdfgLstf{ 7]ufgf M xu9jf qm=; # C0fLsf] ljj/0f ?sf] uf=kf=j8f ljj/0f g+= )$, bfª s[i0f axfb'/ bdfO{ !_ ;''ldqf kl/of/ klt M ld7' axfb'/ bdfO{ ;;'/f M7]uZofd :yfoL 7]ufgf M u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%, bfª :yfoL fgf M axfb' u9jf/ bdfO{ uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, bfª lwtf]sf] ljj/0f lktf M Zofd axfb'/ bdfO{ klt M s[i0f axfb'/ bdfO{ k''/g axfb'/ afh] bdfO{Msk'f] '/gftL, Zofd axfb' / bdfO{ s f] 5f] / f, bfª lhNnf, u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f fgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf g axfb'/ bdfO{ ;;'/g+f= M )%, Zofd:yfoL axfb'7]/ubdfO uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, a:g]] s[i0f axfb'/ bdfO{sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf btf{ sfod /x]sf] bfª lhNnf u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )#, l:yt lsQf g ^)!+= If]qkmn &*&=#! ju{ld6/sf] hUuf, ;f] @_hUufn] rr]{sf] / eljiodf rr{g] ;Dk"0f{ lnunufkft ;d]t . b]jf kl/of/ :yfoL 7]ufgf M u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;=j8f g+= )%, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf=j8f g+= )$, bfª klt M ld7' axfb'/ bdfO{ ;;'/f M Zofd axfb'/ bdfO{ zfvfno sfof{ no M u9jf, zfvf sfof{ M u9jf, bfª bfª

;Nofg, @# ebf} . cfufdL lgjf{rgsf nflu ;Nofgdf lqmofzLn d'Vo / fhgLlts bnx?n] pDd] bjf/ l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf 5g\ . kf6L{leqsf] cfGtl/ s snx / / : ;fs: ;Lsf aLrdf lhNnfsf k|d'v bn g] kfnL sf+u|] ;, g] skf dfcf] jfbL, g] skf Pdfn] / g] skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLn] pDd] bjf/ l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf x'g\ . Ps ;+3Lo lgjf{rg If] q / x] sf] lhNnfdf b'O{j6f k|b] z;ef 5g\ . t/ cfsf+IfL g] tfx? w] / } ePkl5 bnx?nfO{ pDd] bjf/ l;kmfl/ ; ug{ ;d: of ePsf] xf] . To;f] t lhNnfn] l;kmfl/ ; ub} {df pDd] bjf/ eOxfNg] eg] xf] Og, Tof] l;kmfl/ ;nfO{ s] Gb|n] pDd] bjf/ rog ubf{ cfwf/ agfpg] dfq} xf] . g] skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL / g] skf Pdfn] n] ;+3df Psn l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] klg g] skf dfcf] jfbLn] b'O{hgfsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 eg] g] kfnL sf+u|] ;n] cfGtl/ s ljjfbsf aLrdf cf–cfkm\gf] kIfaf6 gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf 5g\ . g] skf Pdfn] afx] ssf bnx?sf aLrdf u7aGwg x'g] ePkl5 hLt lgsfNg ;xh x'g] eGb} g] tfx? h;/ L klg lhNnfaf6 l;kmfl/ ; x'g] / l6s6sf nflu s] Gb|Lo g] tfx?;“u nljª ug] { xf] 8jfhLdf 5g\ . @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf g] skf Pdfn] / g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf] ;+o'Qm u7aGwgaf6 ;+3df g] skf dfcf] jfbLsf 6] saxfb'/ a: g] t tyf k|b] z;ef s df g] skf Pdfn] sf u'nfjh+u zfx / k|b] z;ef …vÚ df g] skf Pdfn] s} k|sfz Hjfnf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] lyof] . Hjfnf Pdfn] ljefhgkZrft g] skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLdf / xg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“ lhNnfsf k|efjzfnL g] tf x'g'x'G5 eg] kf6L{sf s] Gb|Lo pkdxf;lrj x'g'x'G5 . s0ff{nL k|b] zaf6 ljb|f] x u/ ] / clxn] sf] / fhgLlts cj: yf l;h{gf x'g'df cfkm\gf] e"ldsf d'Vo ePsfn] h;/ L klg ;+3df cfkm"n] kfpg'kg] { Hjfnfsf] bfaL 5 . g] skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLn] klg HjfnfnfO{ g} ;+3Lo pDd] bjf/ sf nflu lhNnfaf6 Psn l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . h;df ;+3sf] k|ToIfdf Hjfnf;lxt ;dfg'kfltsdf b'O{hgf / k|b] z;efdf tLg÷tLghgfsf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf k|b] z;ef …vÚ

k'gn] ;~hfnsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ sf] af/ ] df hfgsf/ L u/ fpg'ePsf] lyof] . ;~hfnn] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ tyf pgLx?sf] kl/ jf/ x?sf] xslxtsf] nflu cfjZos sfg'g lgdf{0f, k} / jL / ;xof] u ug{] , sfdbf/ tyf ltgsf kl/ jf/ x?n] ;fdgf ul/ / x] sf ;d: ofx? ;dfwfg ug{ u/ fpg kxn ug{] , sfdbf/ tyf ltgsf kl/ jf/ x?sf] xslxt ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g ug{ ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?;“u ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ ug{] , j} b] lzs / f] huf/ af6 kms{] sf JolQm tyf kl/ jf/ x?sf] cfly{s ljsf;;DaGwL ultljlwx? ;~rfng ug] { ePsf] 5 .

zfvfbfª sfof{no M u9jf, bfª zfvf sfof{no M u9jf,

q a'l4 k'g

;dfrf/

3f]/fxLdf cfk|jf;L xslxt ;~hfn u7g

g?nfn rf} w/ L, pkk|d'v sf7df8f} +, @# ebf} -o';_– o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf x'dfs'df/ L l8;L, k|d'v g] kfnL sf+u|] ;n] cfufdL 3f] / fxL, @# ebf} . 3f] / fxL k|zf;sLo clws[t nIdLk|;fb lgjf{rgsf] nflu dxfdGqL e] nf e§/ fO{, k|jf;L g] kfnL ;dGjo ljZjk|sfz zdf{sf] pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] ;+of] hsTjdf 3f] if0ffkq tof/ L cfof] hgf u/ L kflnsf: t/ Lo ;ldltsf cWoIf s'nk|;fb cfk|jf;L xslxt ;~hfn u7g sfsL{, j} b] lzs / f] huf/ ;ldlt u7g u/ ] sf] 5 . af] 8{sf lji0f' cof{nnufotsf] ;efklt z] / axfb'/ u/ ] sf] 5 . e] nfn] x] d/ fh pkl: yltdf ePsf] e] nfn] b] pjfn] kf6L{ ljwfgsf] Joj: yfadf] lhd cfufdL a'9fyf] sLsf] ;+of] hsTjdfdf ;~hfn u7g u/ ] sf] xf] . e] nfsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf d+l;/ $ df x'g] k|ltlglw;ef ;ft ;b: oLo tby{ ;ldlt / k|b] z;ef ;b: o lgjf{rgsf] u7g u/ ] sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] af] Nb} gu/ k|d'v g?nfn 3f] if0ffkq tof/ L ;ldlt u7g ;x;+of] hsdf dxfjL/ 3tL{ rf} w/ Ln] ;xefuLx?nfO{ ljb] zdf ub{} ;+of] hsdf dxfdGqL rog x'g' ePsf] 5 eg] u/ ] sf] cfly{s pkfh{gnfO{ zdf{nfO{ dgf] gLt ug'{ ePsf] ;b: ox?df gLdaxfb'/ u'?ª, : jb] zdf pTkfbgd"ns sfo{df / fKt nufpg emfj eof] xf] . ;+of] hs zdf{n] ;ldltnfO{ -æg]cho kfn /fi6«l8;L, a}+saf6 dL/ …3Ú fju{sl8;L f] Ohfhtkqk| ;+:yf, ;' /fli6« o:t/lbg'sfo{ If]q .ePsf]Æ_ 9fyf]{/]6sLsfof{x'gno,'x'G5ag]k. f kmf]g g+= M ±(&&—)!!—^^))#$ sfo{qmddf ;'/ lIft k"0f{tf lbP/ 3f] if0ffkq tof/ Lsf] s] zj a'skf] 3f] / fxL pk– cfk| j f;g sfo{ q md -;fdL_ sfd cl3 a9fpg] sf+u|] ;n] k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(÷)%÷@$ -o'uaf]w /fli6«o b}lgs _ dxfgu/ kflnsfsf k| d v ' sf sfo{ q md ;+ o f] hs a;Gtf hgfPsf] 5 .

C0f shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

zfvf sfof{no M u9jf, bfª

pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/;d} /:;fs:;L

3f]if0ffkq tof/L ;ldlt ;+of]hsdf dxfdGqL zdf{

qm=; $ zfvf sfof{no M u9jf, bfª

@)&( ;fn ebf} @$ ut] z'qmjf/

lwtf]sf] ljj/0f k''/g axfb'/ bdfO{sf] gftL, Zofd axfb'/ bdfO{sf] 5f]/f, bfª lhNnf, u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )%, :yfoL 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )$, a:g]] s[i0f axfb'/ bdfO{sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf btf{ sfod /x]sf] bfª lhNnf u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )#, l:yt lsQf g ^)!+= If]qkmn &*&=#! ju{ld6/sf] hUuf, ;f] hUufn] rr]{sf] / eljiodf rr{g] ;Dk"0f{ lnunufkft ;d]t .

C0fLsf] ljj/0f ;/:jtL ljZjsdf{ :yfoL 7]ufgf M u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )^, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )%, bfª klt M Zofd'' l;+x laZjsdf{ ;;'/f M b]j/fh ;'gf/

hdfgLstf{sf] ljj/0f !_ Zofd' ;'gf/ :yfoL 7]ufgf M u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )^, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )%, bfª lktf M b]j/fh ;''gf/ afh] M ;f]kfnL ;''gf/

lwtf]sf] ljj/0f b]j/fh ;'gf/sf] a''xf/L, Zofd'' l;+x laZjsdf{sf] kTgL, bfª lhNnf, u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= )^, :yfoL 7]ufgf eO{ xfn bfª lhNnf, u9jf sfod /x]ssf]f] bfª lhNnf, u+ufk|;k'/ uf=lj=;= qm=; $ uf=kf= j8f g+= )%, a:g] ;/:jtL C0fLsf]ljZjsdf{ ljj/0f sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no ndxL, bfªsf] nutdf btf{hdfgLstf{ ljj/0f j8f g+= )@, l:yt lsQf g+= !!(^ If]qkmn %(@=^! ju{ld6/sf] hUuf, ;f]!_hUufn] ;/:jtL ljZjsdf{ Zofd' rr] ;'gf/{sf] / eljiodf rr{g] ;Dk"0f{ lnunufkft ;d]t . gf]6 M C0fL tyf:yfoL hdfgtstf{ pNn]lvt JolStsf hdfgtstf{ fpg] k|of]hj8f gsf]g+=nflu 7]ufgf afx] M u+usfk|;";rk'gfdf / uf=lj=;= j8fcGo g+= )^, bfª gfdx? C0fL tyf :yfoL 7]ufgfsMf] u+kl/ro ufk|;k'v'/nuf=lj=;= )^, dfq bfª k|of]u ul/Psf] . xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )%, bfª xfnsf] 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= )%, bfª klt M Zofd'' l;+x laZjsdf{ j/fh ;''gf/ dfnkf]t sfof{lktf noMM ;f]b]?s' ;;'/f M b]j/fh ;'gf/ afh] kfnLd;'sf] 'gf/6, ?s'd -k"j{_af6 k|sflzt zfvf sfof{no M u9jf, bfª

#

of}g tyf k|hgg\ / lgM;Gtfgkg ;DaGwL la/fdLx?sf] nflu v'zLsf] vj/ lwtf]sf]

xsbfjL;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf †

ljj/0f nfn axfb'/ zfxsf] a'xf/ L ltnsaxfb'/ zfxsf] kTgL ?s'd -k"j{_ s] tkfOFx?b]jof}/fh g /f];'ugf/sf] tyf dlxnfx?df { k|hgg\ ;DaGwL a''xf/L, Zofd'b]' vl;+f xkg]laZjsdf{ sf] kTgL,;d:ofx?, bfª lhNnf, u+ulhNnf fk|;k'/ l;: uf=lj=;= g+= )^, ufgf eO{zf]xfn lhNnf,j8fu9jf g] ufpFj8f kflnsf j8f:yfoL g+= % 7];fljs ef bfª uf=lj=;= g+= : yfoLbfªsf] jtgnutdf ePsf btf{ jif{sfod ^! sf s'df/ Lu+uzfxn] lgM;Gtfgkg afhf]a:g] kg ;DaGwL g'x'G5 <dfnkf]t sfof{no#_ndxL, uf=kf= j8f g+Pj+= )%, ;/:jtL ;d:ofx?df ljZjsdf{sf]x'gfddf /x]s8Dd/ f] bfª lhNnf, fk|;k'/tkl;ndf uf=lj=;= lvt 3/rr] hUuf f] b] j/ gftf { >L0f{j;Gt axfb'/ zfxsf] obL j8f To:tfg+= ;d:ofx? eg]g+ç wgjGt/L cfo'%(@=^! j]{b xl:k6n k|f=ln= hUuf, pNn] )@, l:yt5g\lsQf = !!(^ If]qkmn ju{ld6/sf] ;f] hUufn] {sf] d]/ /eljiodf rr{gkg]] ;Dk" lnunufkft ;d]t . gfdaf6 d] / f] gfddf gfd;f/ L÷bflvnfsf] vf/ ] h u/ L fpg] btf{ k|ul/ kfpF egL b=g+ = (% sf7df8f}gf] +sf6 tyf t 6]hdfgtstf{ lnlehg sfo{ k/]kpNn] l5sflvtk/fd;{ ftf M C0fLrlr{tyf afx]qsmd ;"/ft rgfdf cGo bJolStsf gfdx?

C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{ kl/ro v' n o f] h gsf] nfluadf] dfq ldlt @)&(.)%.@) ut] sf] lgj] bgaf6 dfubfjL u/ ] sfn] dfu lhd 8f= lj=s]k|=old>fåf/f f]u ul/Psf]oxL. ebf} @! ut]sf lbg :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/g] x'Fbf lgj] bssf gfddf gfd;f/L ÷bflvnf vf/ ] h u/ L btf{ ug{ gldNg] s'g} ;dod} gfd n]vfO{ cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ . sf/ 0f eP jf c? s;} sf] xsbfjL nfUg] eP jf ;/ sf/ L ;fj{hlgs pkrf/ ;]jfx? M ;DklQsf] xfgL gf] S;fgL x'g] eP 7f] ; ;a't k|df0f;lxt of] ;"rgf of}g /f]u M zL3| ktg, wft' v:g] , of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL , of}g c+usf] ljsf; k|sfzg ePsf] jf 6fF; ePsf] ldltn] af6f] sf] Dofb afx] s #% lbgleq o; sfof{nodf ;–k|df0f;lxt bfjL ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf] nf cGoyf sfg'g gePsf] , of}g OR5fdf sdL, ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of}gL lrnfpg], tNnf] k]6 b'Vg], adf] lhd eOhfg] Aoxf] / f ;DalGwt ;a} sf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt dlxgfjf/L u8j8L, l;kmln;, ugf]l/of tyf cGo of}ghGo /f]ux? / xdf]g{ n ul/ Psf] 5 . ;d:ofx?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ ;]jf . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg tyf afemf]kgsf] lgj]bs uf=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= hUuf ljj/0f ljz]if k|f/fd;{ tyf pkrf/ ;]jf 8Dd/ s'df/L xfn l;:g] % ?s'd -k"j{_ lhNnf l;:g] ufpFkflnsf j8f zfx g+= % ;fljs zf]ef uf=lj;= j8f g+= # lj/fdL hf“Rg] ldlt M @)&( ebf} @! ut] sf wd{/fhsf] gflt nfnaxfb'/sf] 5f]/f ;do M laxfg !) ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd

dftf dgsfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb|

lxdfnog a}+s;Fu Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, (*%&*@#@**, (*$&*&&!!$

;fljs zf]ef

#

d[ts j;Gtaxfb'/ zfxsf gfddf gfk gS;f ePsf zf]ef uf=lj=;= j8f g+= # sf ls=g+= #@, !*^, !(@, #!*, #(( If]qkmn qmdzM &@), #!%, &)%, #!), $$) j=ld= ePsf 3/÷hUufx?

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@)&( ;fn ebf} @$ ut] z'qmjf/ (Sep 9, 2022)

cGgk"0f{ ljBfnodf ;fIf/tf lbj;

rf] sd} vfN6f M 3f] / fxL–t'n;Lk'/ ;8sdf kg{] 3f] / fxLsf] efg'rf] s / cf;kf;df k/ ] sf] vfN6fdf hd] sf] kfgL . 3f] / fxL ahf/ If] qsf ljleGg rf} / fxfsf ;8sd} vfN6fv'N6L 5g\ . Psflt/ gfnf agfpg agfPsf vfN6fdf gfnL gagfO{ cnkq kfl/ bf b'3{6gfsf] hf] lvd;“u} kfgL hd] sf] If] qdf 8] +u' ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd plQs} 5 . tl: j/ M ;Gtf] if vgfn

!^ lhNnf===

;~rfng ul/ Psf ljleGg sfo{qmd / k|of] u k|efjsf/ L gePkl5 ;/ sf/ n] ljleGg txsf ljBfyL{nfO{ : jo+;] jssf ¿kdf kl/ rfng ug{] gLlt klg lnPsf] 5 . g] kfndf lj;+ @))$ b] lv ;fIf/ tf cleofg z'? ePsf] xf] . …;fIf/ tf l;sfO If] qdf ?kfGt/ 0fÚ eGg] jfSosf ;fy laxLaf/ dgfOPssf] %^ cf} + cGt/ f{li6«o ;fIf/ tf lbj;sf cj;/ df klg s] Gb|n] ;fIf/ tf;DaGwL ljB'tLo / cGo ;fdu|Lsf] pTkfbg u/ L ;~rf/ dfWod;d] taf6 k|rf/ –k|;f/

sfo{qmd to u/ ] sf] 5 . lbj;sf cj;/ df hf/ L z'esfdgf ;Gb] zdf lzIffdGqL b] j] Gb| kf} 8] nn] ;fIf/ tf sfo{qmdnfO{ tLgj6} ;/ sf/ ;“u ;dGjofTds¿kdf ;~rfng u/ L ;fIf/ tf / hLjgko{Gt l;sfOnfO{ hf] 8\g'kg{] pNn] v ug'{ePsf] 5 .

Psk6s ;fIf/ tf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ePsf JolQmnfO{ k'gM ;fIf/ tfsf] sIffdf ;dfj] z gug{] u/ L ;3g ;fIf/ tf sfo{qmd z'? ug{ g] kfn ;/ sf/ , dlGqkl/ ifb\ sf] lj;+ @)^( d+l;/ !$ df ;fIf/ g] kfn cleofg -@)^(– @)&@_ sf] cjwf/ 0ffkq : jLs[t

3/sf] em\ofn tyf e]lG6n]zgx?df Knfli6s tyf kmfOj/ hfnL nufcf}+ . ljiffn' ;k{, ls/f, dR5/ tyf k|f0f3fts /f]ux?af6 arf}+ . cflwsfl/s laqm]tf n'lDagL k|b]z

kf]v|]n xf]d 8]sf]/

3f]/fxL–!%, bfª -;lxbu]6glhs, o'uaf]wsf] cufl8_ ;Dks{ g+=M (*$&*%(@%&, (*@*)^^((& ;fy} xfdLsxfF 3/ ;hfj6sf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? ;'ky d"Nodf pknAw 5 .

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www.nayayougbodh.com/E-mail: yougbodh@gmail.com

u/ L / fhgLlts bnx¿sf] klg ;xof] u lng u/ L sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] lyof] . ;f] cjwf/ 0ffkqdf j[4eQfh: tf ;/ sf/ L ;'ljwf kfpgsf nflu ;fIf/ x'g} kg{] Joj: yfsf nflu ;'emfj

lbOPsf] 5 . …;fIf/ tf / hLjgko{Gt lzIffn] !% jif{ pd] / dflysf ;a} o'jf / k|f} 9sf] hLjgko{Gt l;sfOsf nflu cfwf/ k|bfg u/ fpg] Ú eGg] nIo;lxt ;f] sfo{qmd z'? ul/ Psf] lyof] .

3f] / fxL, @# ebf} -o';_– cGgk"0f{ cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfno 3f] / fxL–!* afn'jf6f/ n] laxLjf/ %^ cf} + cGt/ f{li6«o ;fIf/ tf lbj; dgfPsf] 5 .

To; cj;/ df ljBfyL{x?n] ljljw sfo{qmd u/ ] / lbj; dgfPsf] ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn lrGtfdl0f a: g] tn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . ljBfnoaf6 z'? ePsf] ¥ofnL afn'jf6f/ 6f] n x'“b} gof“ ahf/ , nvgkfs{ k'u] / ljBfnod} kmls{Psf] lyof] . ¥ofnLdf ;xefuL …ljBfyL{n] k9f} +, k9fcf} +, lzIffsf] Hof] lt km} nfp“mÚ nufotsf lzIffsf] dxTj bzf{pg] gf/ f nufPsf lyP . 8«d ahfp“b} , Kn] sf8{ af] s] sf sIff $ b] lv !) ;Ddsf ljBfyL{ ¥ofnLdf ;xeflu ePsf lyP . o;} u/ L ljBfnodf k'u] / xflh/ L hjfkm k|ltof] lutf u/ ] sf lyP . pgLx? !) j6f ;d"xdf ljeflht eO{ k|lt: kwf{ u/ ] . sfo{qmd ljBfyL{ cfkm} n] ;~rfng u/ ] sf lyP .

;'/Iff tyf ahf/ Joj:yfkg;DaGwL ;+jfb

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

b] pv'/ L, @# ebf} . ndxL gu/ kflnsfleqsf] ;'/ Iff / ahf/ Joj: yfkgsf] ljifodf ;/ f] sf/ jfnf kIfaLr ;+jfb ul/ Psf] 5 . b] pv'/ L ;fd'bflos ;] jf s] Gb|n] laxLaf/ ndxL gu/ kflnsfdf ;'/ Iff tyf ahf/ Joj: yfkg ;DaGwdf ;+jfb sfo{qmd / fv] sf] xf] . ndxL– sf] Onfaf; ;8s If] q v'nf ug{ dfu / flvPsf] 5 . b} lgs a9] sf] ;jf/ L rfk / hg;+Vofn] ahf/ If] q ;f“3'/ f] x'g yfn] sf] eGb} ;8s If] q v'nf ug{ cfu|x ul/ Psf] xf] . o;} u/ L ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?n] ahf/ If] qdf ;fj{hlgs : ynnfO{ kfls{ªsf] ?kdf k|of] u ug{, rf8kj{ nlIft ;'/ Iff of] hgf lgdf{0f u/ ] /

l;4fy{ ;Knfo;{

;fdfg rflxPdf xfdLnfO{ ;Dks{ ug'{xf];\ ======= xfd|f ljz]iftfx? M lr;f] df};ddf tftf] tfkqmd lbg] / udL{ df};ddf lr;f] tfkqmd lbg] . l 3/, uf8L, a}s+, /]i6'/]G6, xf]6n, xl:k6n cflbdf ;lhn} h8fg ug{ ;lsg] . l ef]N6]h sdePsf] ;dodf klg ;lhn} lr;f] / tftf] tfkqmd lbg] . l h8fg ;]jf lgMz'Ns lbOg]5 . l ^ dlxgfsf] jf/]G6L lbOg] 5 . ;fy} P=;L=sf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfu|Lx? ;'ky d"Nodf kfOG5g .

;"o{ bz{g d]l8sn xn P08 Ao'6L s]o/ o; Ao'6L s]o/df 5fnf tyf of}g /f]u ljz]if1 8fS6/sf] k/fdz{åf/f ;f}Gbo{ pkrf/ tyf ;]jfx? pknAw u/fOG5 . ;]jfx?M != cTofw'lgs xfO8«f km]l;on dl;gåf/f km]l;on ul/G5 . o;n] cg'xf/df lgvf/tf Nofpg'sf ;fy} rdsbf/ u/fpFb5 . @= h'sf -Leech_ y]/fkL u/fOG5 . #= cg'xf/nufot z/L/sf s'g} klg c+udf ePsf d';f tyf sf]7Lx? x6fOG5 . $= l:sg P08 PgfnfOh/ d]l;gaf6 cg'xf/sf] 5fnf tyf /f}+ ;DaGwL ljZn]if0f ul/G5 . %= skfnsf] s]/fl6g l6«6d]G6 ;d]t ul/G5 . ;Dks{ :yfgM

l;4fy{ ;Knfo;{

sfof{Gjog ug{, ahf/ If] qsf] ;'/ Iffsf] nflu l;l; Sofd/ fsf] Joj: yfkg ug{, gu/ k|x/ L / g] kfn k|x/ Lsf] aLrdf ;xsfo{ u/ ] / ahf/ If] qdf u: tL a9fpg'kg{] nufotsf ljifodf Wofgfsif{0f u/ fOPsf] 5 . gu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v hf] u/ fh rf} w/ Ln] ahf/ If] qnfO{ Jojl: yt ug{ ;8s If] q vfnL u/ fOg] , kfls{ª, ;8s aQL, l;l; Sofd/ f h8fg nufotsf] sfd ul/ g] k|lta4tf JoQm ug{'eof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

s] tkfO“ xf8hf]gL{, d]?b08 tyf g;fsf] b'vfOaf6 kLl8t x'g'x'G5 <

olb tkfOF tL ;d:ofx?sf] bL3{sflng ;dfwfg rfxg'x'G5 eg] o; cyf]{:kfOg k]g P08 l/ x\ofa ;lj{;]; k|efjsf/ L b'vfO Joj:yfkgsf] pkrf/ uGtJo xf], hxfF PsLs[t :jf:Yo k'g:yf{kgfsf] cjwf/ 0ff cjnDag ub}{ ;DalGwt ljz]if1;lxtsf] 6f]nLaf6 k/ fdz{, pkrf/ tyf ;f] ;d:ofx?sf] ljlzi6s[t k'g:yf{kgf ;]jf pknAw eO/ x]sf] hfgsf/ L u/ fpFb5f}+ .

pkrf/ x'g] /f]ux?M F xf8hf]gL{;DaGwLM hf]gL{x? b'Vg], hf]gL{x? lvOPsf], 3'F8f b'Vg], 3'F8f tGsfpg / v'Drfpg gldNg], sfFw tyf s'd hfd ePsf], x8\8Lsf] 3gTj sd ePsf], x8\8L kftnf] ePsf], lxk÷lgtDasf] b'vfO, z/L/sf df+;k]zLx? kf]Ng]÷b'Vg], xftv'§fsf cf}+nfx? af+luPsf], afy /f]ux?, s's{'rf÷k}tnf b'v]/ lx+8\g ufx|f] x'g], ck|]zg÷b'3{6gfkl5 hf]gL{ tGsfpg / v'Drfpg gldNg] .

F d]?b08;DaGwLM sDd/ tyf ub{gsf] g;f RoflkPsf], 9f8 af+uf] ePsf], 9f8 b'Vg] k'/fgf] ;d:of, d]?b08sf] x8\8L lvOPsf], d]?b08sf] x8\8L ;/]sf], ub{g rnfpg ufx|f] x'g], ub{g af+uf] ePsf], d]?b08sf] rf]6k6s jf b'3{6gfn] x'g] ;d:ofx?sf] k'g:yf{kgf .

F g;f;DaGwLM kIf3ft -Kof/fnfOl;;_ eP/ z/L/sf] cfwf efu grNg], cg'xf/sf] g;f b'Vg], d'v af+uf] ePsf], 6fpsf] b'Vg], l/+u6f nfUg], xftv'§f n'nf] x'g], emdemd x'g], kf]Ng] cflb .

F cGo ;]jfx?M ljz]if1 kf]if0f k/fdz{, gl;{ª s]o/, Og xfp; kmfd]{;L, Kofy Nofa ;]jf, :j:y hLjgz}nLsf nflu lgMz'Ns k/fdz{ ;]jf . ;Dks{M

cyf]{:kfOg k]g P08 l/x\ofa ;lj{;]; k|f=ln=

t'n;Lk'/–^ SofDk; /f]8 lql;4]Zj/L dlGb/ cufl8, bfª ;Dks{ g+= )*@–%@)**@, (*%&*@#$#!, (*$(##!&$( (*$&*@@%*),(*^^@)^*!#

;"j0f{ cj;/ k|mfG; cfdL{df etL{ x'g rfxg] o'jf, o'jtL tyf o'/f] kdf jls{ª, 6«] lgª jf ljhg] z leiffdf hfg rfxg'x'G5 eg] xfdLnfO{ t'?Gt ;Demg'xf] ;\ .

;"o{ bz{g d]l8sn xn P08 Ao'6L s]o/

O:6j]:6 hj lnª\s k|f=ln= sf7df8f}+ ;Dks{M (&$($!!#$%

nvgkfs{ 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]gM (*$!)*%(*%

b] j] Gb|k|;fb >] i7, j8f g+= % sf cWoIf cf] dk|;fb ;'j] bL, j8f k|x/ L sfof{no ndxLsf k|d'v k'ik/ fh yfkf, ndxL r] Da/ ckm sd;{sf cWoIf zLtn e';fn, b] pv'/ L a} +sif{sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf ljho yfkf, Joj;foL kbd s] ;L, u0f] z l3ld/ ] , oftfoft Joj;foL s[i0f / ;fOnLnufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtAo AoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f b] pv'/ L ;fd'bflos ;] jf s] Gb|sf cWoIf ls/ 0fljqmd zfxn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

-gofF ahf/ xf8hf]gL{, g;f tyf d]?b08 pkrf/ s]Gb|_

3f]/fxL–!$ cfdL{ Aof/]s/f]8 gofF ahf/, bfª -;lxb nvg yfkf kfs{b]lv %)= ld= pQ/tkm{ kmf]g g+=M (*%&*^^*@%, )*@–%^#%)(

ljz]if1 8fS6/ cfpg] ;"rgf Û

oxL ldlt @)&( ebf} @% ut] zlgjf/sf lbg dfgl;s c:ktfn kf6gdf nfdf] cg'ej u/L xfn g]kfnu~h e]/L c~rn c:ktfndf sfo{/t jl/i7 8f= ;'dg cof{n g;f dgf]/f]u, d[uL, l8k|]zg ljz]if1 -;fOs]l6«i6_ cfpg] x'Fbf ;dodf g} gfd btf{ u/fO ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ . ;]jfx?M l8k|]zgM lbSs nfUg], hf]z hfFu/ x/fpg], cfTdxTofsf] ljrf/ cfpg], 8/ nfUg], cfkm"df lxg efjgf cfpg], 6fpsf] b'Vg], u?ª\uf] x'g], lgGb|f gnfUg] jf a9L nfUg] . dfgl;s /f]uM a];'/sf] s'/f ug]{, 3d08L s'/f ug]{, a9L l/;fpg], s'6lk6 ug]{, e|ddf x'g], z+sf ug]{, PSn}÷PSn} s'/f ug]{, cfkm\gf]af/]df s'/f sf6]h:tf] nfUg], ljgfsf/0f w]/} v'zL jf b'vL x'g], ;kmfOk|lt Wofg glbg], d[uL . g;f;DaGwL /f]uM lhp tfltg], kf]Ng], 56\k6fx6, cK7\of/f] u/L d'6' w8\lsg], dgdf s'/f v]Ng], ;f; km]g{ ufx|f] x'g], z/L/ emdemd ug]{ .

la/fdL hfFr x'g] ;doM laxfg ( ah]b]lv

;Dks{

kNnjLt'n:jf:Yo lSnlgs ;Lk'/rf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^!^*# df]= (*$&(@%&))

u9jf ufp“kflnsf ufp“ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no u9jf b]pv'/L, bfª, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn

;]jf s/f/df sd{rf/L kbk"lt{ ug{] ;DaGwL ;"rgf Û

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no 3f]/fxL, bfª n'lDagL k|b]z g]kfn

NofG8lkmn;fO6 Pl/ofleqsf 3f“;kft, kmnkm"n tyf guNg] sjf8hGo kmf]x/ 7]Ssf lbg];DaGwL ;"rgf Û

dfgl;s tyf gzf /f]u ljz]if1 8f= lagf]b kf}8n ] ca cleif]s d]l8sn :6f];,{ 3f]/fxLdf e/tk'/ d]l8sn sn]hdf sfo{/t clt cg'ejL jl/i7 dfgl;s tyf gzf /f]u ljz]if1 8f= lagf]b kf}8]nåf/f r]shfFr ul/g] x'Fbf ;dod} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ k'/fgf] eGbf k'/fgf] /f]usf] ;kmn pkrf/ u/fpg'xf];\ .

8fS6/åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M !_ lgb|f gnfUg], cw{skfnL, dfOu|]g, 6fpsf] / z/L/ b'Vg], kf]Ng], lzNsf xfGg] / emdemdfpg] @_ dg cflQg], pbf; x'g], 56k6L nfUg], ;f; km]g{ ufx|f] x'g], d'6' w8lsg], l/+uf6f nfUg], 3fF6Ldf s]xL c8\s]sf] nfUg], hf]z–hfFu/ gnfUg] / ysfO nfUg] #_ hfF8, /S;L, ;'tL{, ufFhf, r'/f]6 nfu' cf}ifw 5'6fpg] $_ ;]S; k|lt c?lr %_ sfDg], a]xf]z x'g], 8/fpg], sdhf]/L nfUg], z+sf ug]{, aa{/fpg], l/;fpg], emf]+lSsg], kfunkg / Psf]xf]/f]kg ^_ 5f/], lduL{, l8k|]zg, P+uhfo6L / cNhfOd/ &_ tgfj, lrGtf, rfF8} la;{g] afgL / ;a} vfn] lbdfu / gzf ;DaGwL /f]usf] ;kmn pkrf/ . la/fdL hf“r x'g] ldlt M @)&( ebf} @% ut], zlgjf/, laxfg !) ah] b]lv a]n'sf % ah];Dd ;fy} oxL @)&( c;f]h ! ut], zlgjf/ jl/i7 5fnf, of}g tyf :sLg n]h/ ;h{g ljz]if1åf/f d';f, sf]7L / 6\of6" x6fpg], s'i7/f]u;lxt ;Dk"0f{ 5fnf tyf of}g /f] u;DaGwL hfFr ul/g]5 . k'gZr M ;h{g 8f= /flhj 9sfn åf/f zNolqmof ;DalGwt ;a} /f]ux?sf] / 8f= ;+ud l8=;L= åf/f d]l8l;g ;DalGwt ;a} /f]ux?sf] b}lgs hfFr ul/G5 . ;dod} ;Dks{ u/L cfkm\gf] k'/fgf]eGbf klg k'/fgf] /f]usf] ;kmn pkrf/ u/fpg'xf];\ .

kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ul/G5 .

cleif]s d]l8sn :6f];{

sM{ 3f]/fxL– !% afndlGb/ rf]s -afndlGb/sf] ;fd'Gg]_ kmf]g g+= (*$&(%&!(#, (*!@**()@*

;Dk

;"rgf k|sflzt ldltM @)&(.)%.@$ ut] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf] kmf] x/ d} nf Joj: yfkg sfo{nfO{ yk k|efjsf/ L agfpg kmf] x/ nfO{ df] x/ df abNb} NofG8lkmn ;fO6sf] cfo' a9fpg] p2] Zon] cf=j=@)&(÷)*) sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdcg';f/ ;/ ;kmfO{ jftfj/ 0f tyf ljkb\ Joj: yfkg ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&(.)$.@^ ut] / ldlt @)&(.)%.@# ut] sf lbg a;] sf] gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] a} 7ssf] lg0f{ocg';f/ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !^ s/ f} tL8fF8f cjl: yt : oflg6/ L NofG8lkmn;fO6 Pl/ ofleqsf 3fF;kft, kmnkm"n tyf gu/ If] qaf6 o; gu/ kflnsfsf] uf8Ln] NofG8lkmn;fO6df hDdf u/ ] sf] guNg] sjf8hGo kmf] x/ nfO{ 7] Ssf lbg cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) sf] nflu jflif{s hDdf ?= !,)),))).– -cIf?kLM Ps nfv dfq_ g36\g] u/ L lng rfxg] OR5's JolQm, ;+3;: yf tyf lghL If] qnfO{ tf] lsPsf] sfuhft;lxt ;"rgf k|slzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq b/ vf: t k] z ug{'x'g of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 . b/ vf: t k] z ug{] clGtd lbg ;fa{hlgs labf kg{ uPdf ;f] sf] ef] lnkN6 sfof{no ;dodf k] z ug{'kg{] 5 . != zt{x?M l NofG8lkmn ;fO6sf] 3fF;, kmnkm"n / 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf] uf8Ln] p7fP/ nu] sf] guNg] kmf] x/ dfq k|of] u ug{ ;lsg] 5 l guNg] kmf] x/ / fVg] ;+/ rgf agfpg k/ ] df ;DalGwt kIfn] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] tf] s] adf] lhdsf] agfpg'kg{] 5 . l guNg] kmf] x/ hDdf ubf{ k|of] u x'g] hgzlQm ;DalGwt kIfn] cfkm} Joj: yfkg ug{'kg{] 5 . l NofG8lkmn ;fO6sf] ;+/ If0f ;DalGwt kIfn] ug{'kg{] 5 . l : yfgLo NofG8lkmn ;fO6 k|efljt If] qsf ;+3;: yf jf JolQmnfO{ u|fxotf lbOg] 5 . l cGo sfo{ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] tf] s] adf] lhd x'g] 5 . l b/ vf: t k] z ug{] clGtd ldltM @)&(.)^.)& ut] @= k] z ug{'kg{] cfjZos sfuhftx?M l k|: tfj tyf sfo{ of] hgf . l g] kfnL gful/ stfsf] k|ltlnlk . l kmd{ tyf Joj;fo btf{sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|df0fkq . gf] 6M hfgsf/ Lsf] nflu ;Dks{ ug{] zfvf– 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf, ;/ ;kmfO{ Joj: yfkg zfvf

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

-k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.)%.@$ ut]_ o; u9jf ufpFkflnsfdf / dftxtsf ;+:yfx?df sfdsfh ug{sf nflu cfjZos tkl;n adf]lhdsf] kbx?df ;]jf s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbgleq cfjZos sfuhftsf ;fy /fhZj bflvnf u/]sf] /l;b;lxt o; u9jf ufpFkflnsfsf] sfof{nodf b/vf:t lbg'x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . qm= lj1fkg kb gfd tx cfjZos Go"gtd z}lIfs s}lkmot ;+= gDa/ ;+Vof of]Uotf ! #÷)&(÷)*) /]l8of]u|fkm/ :yfgLo ;]jfsf] ! dfGotfk|fKt lzIf0f ;xfos rf}yf] ;+:yfaf6 ;DalGwt ;/x ljifodf /]l8of]u|fkmL ;DaGwL sf]if{ pQL0f{ u/]sf] @ $÷)&(÷)*) ;/;kmfO{stf{ >]0fLljlxg ! ;fwf/0f n]vk9 kmf]xf]/ d}nf Joj:yfkg ug{sf nflu # %÷)&(÷)*) ;a{]Ifs :yfgLo ;]jfsf] # ;e{] O{lGhlgol/Ëdf /fli6«o e"ld ;xfos kfFrf} l8Knf]df tx pQL0f{ cfof]usf] sfo{qmd ;/x u/]sf] adf]lhd e"ld;DaGwL sfo{qmd cjlwe/sf] $ ^÷)&(÷)*) cldg :yfgLo ;]jfsf] ^ P;=Pn=;L= kf; nflu dfq ;xfos rf}yf] u/]/ ;e{] ;DaGwL ;/x dfGotfk|fKt lzIf0f ;:+yfaf6 cldgsf] !* dlxg] tflnd lnPsf]

l pd]/sf] xsdf b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltdf !* jif{ k"/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf] . dlxnfsf] xsdf !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] . l lgj]bg b:t'/ ?= %)).– -;/;kmfO{stf{sf] xsdf #)).–_ l b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt @)&(.)^.)& ut] l ;Dks{ ldlt @)&(.)^.!@ ut] l k/LIff ldlt ;Dks{ ldltdf tf]lsg]5 . l cGo k|rlnt sfg"gåf/f cof]Uo gePsf] . l k/LIffsf] lsl;d – k|f/lDes of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rL k|sfzg kZrft lnlvt -lj1fkg g+= #, % / ^ sf] nflu_ tyf df}lvs k/LIff lnOg] . l /]l8of]u|fkm/sf] xsdf Jofj;flos k|df0fkq -nfO;]G;_ ePsf] x'g'kg{]5 . l tna ;'lawf M ufpFkflnsfsf] lgodfg';f/ . l b/vf:tdf ;+nUg ug{'kg{] M pDd]bjf/sf] JolQmut ljj/0f, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, cg'ejkqsf] k|ltlnlk, rfl/lqs k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, tflndsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, @ k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kmf]6]f ;+nUg x'g'kg{]5 . k]z ul/g] ;a} k|ltlnlksf] k5fl8 pDd]bjf/ :jo+n] x:tfIf/ u/L k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g'kg{]5 .

lg= k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

gofF o'uaf]w k|sfzg k|f=ln= åf/f k|sflzt, ;+:yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs M k|tfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;x–;Dkfbs M g/]Gb| s];L ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/ Joj:yfksM Clif/fh kf]v|]n

d'b|s M k|ltef ckm;]6 k|];, sfof{noM 3f]/fxL bfª, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn CMYK

kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M t'n;Lk'/– %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!,

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