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ljrf} lnofn] eg] / sd lgsfNg ljleGg k|lqmof nfUg] eGb} k} ;f vfO / x] sf 5g\ . kLl8tn] ;xfotf / sdsf] af/ ] df hfgsf/ L gkfp“bf / k|fKt ug] { k|lqmof ga'‰bf ljrf} lnof xfjL ePsf] ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx? atfp“5g\ . ladfdf klg hj/ h: tL a} b] lzs / f] huf/ df hf“bf ul/ Psf] ladf jfkt d[tssf kl/ jf/ n] kfpg'kg] { !@÷!# nfv ?k} of“ d[tssf kl/ jf/ n] Psd'i6 gkfPsf] kLl8tx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ladf sDkgLx?n] d[tssf] jLdfjfkt cfpg] / sd kLl8t kl/ jf/ nfO{ Psd'i6 glbg] a? af“sL kl/ jf/ sf ;b: ox?sf] hj/ h: tL ladf agfO{ ladf cjlwe/ s} / sd clu|d lnO/ x] sf] kLl8tn] atfP . ljdf ug'{ Tolt g/ fd|f] xf] Og, t/ ;a} kl/ jf/ u/ eg] / bjfj lbg] sfd x'G5 bfªsL Ps kLl8tn] elgg– hltsf] ladf agfOlbG5g\ Tof] cjlwsf] k"/ } / sd klxn] g} sfl6lbG5g . c? ladf ubf{ ls: tf ls: tfdf a'emfpg'k5{ . bfªdf ;fthgf kLl8t kl/ jf/ df ladfsf] o: tf] ;d: of ePsf] kl/ of] hgf bfªn] hgfPsf] 5 . ljb] z hf“bf klg 7luG5g\ ;'/ lIft cfk|jf;g sfo{qmd bfªn] ljb] z hf“bf 7lug] sf] ;+Vof klg w] / } / x] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;'/ lIft cfk|jf;g sfo{qmd bfªsf] ;Dks{df dfq} rfn' cfly{s jif{df ! ;o !% j6f ph'/ L k/ ] sf 5g\ . af“sL # k]hdf:

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Jul 6, 2022)

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3f] / fxLs} csL{ dlxnf >Ldfg\sf] ;fpbLdf d[To' ePkl5 gftfn] b] j/ kg] {af6} / fxt / sdsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ Hofg dfg] {;Dds} wDsL ;xg afWo x'g'k¥of] . h;n] >Ldfg\nfO{ ljb] z k7fPsf lyP . j} b] lzs / f] huf/ af] 8{ / ljb] zaf6 k|fKt x'g] / sd s'DNofpg pgn] k|lqmof ldnfp5' eg] / kmsfpg] , gdfGbf wDSofpg] ;Dd u/ ] . tL dlxnf kl5 : yfgLo txdf / x] sf] ;'/ lIft j} b] lzs / f] huf/ sfo{qmdsf] ;Dks{df cfPkl5 tL ljrf} lnof klG5P . oL b'O{ k|ltlglw 36gf dfq} x'g . j} b] lzs / f] huf/ Ldf uPsfsf] d[To'kl5 kl/ jf/ n] kfpg] / fxt / sddf ljrf} lnof nfUg] u/ ] sf] pbfx/ 0f bfªdf w] / } 5g\ . ufp“3/ df ;f] emf;femfnfO{ em'SofP/ nfvf} + / sd ljrf} lnofn] xft kf/ ] sf] j} b] lzs / f] huf/ ;DjGwL sfd ug] { ;'/ lIft cfk|jf;g kl/ of] hgfn] hgfPsf] 5 . sfg'gL k|lqmof k"/ f

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;ldlt ;b: o / fdk|;fb uf} tdsf] egfO{ lyof] . pxf“n] klAns z] o/ gePsf] atfpg'eof] . …aLdf ;+: yfgn] nfdf] ;do sf/ f] af/ ug'{k5{Ú pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …JolQm eP cflQg kfl6g / ca ;Sb} g eGg;SYof] . o;df ;/ sf/ 5 .Ú pxf“sf cg';f/ kf“rb] lv klRr; lt; jif{;Dd ;] jf lbg'k5{ . lghLn] aLrd} 5f] 8\g] vt/ f x'G5 . bfaL lbg slxNo} gr's] sf] ;+: yfsf k|zf;s sljk|;fb kf7ssf] egfO lyof] . pxf“n] lzIfssf] ;Gbe{df cjsf;kl5 &) jif{;Dd lg/ Gt/ tf lbG5' eg] klg ;'ljwf 5 . cjsfz nuQ} jLdfsf] k} ;f lgsfN5' eg] klg kfpg ;S5 . ljZj;gLotfsf lx;fan] sdL 5} g . of] ;/ sf/ L: taf6} : yfkgf ePsf] aLdf ;+: yf xf] .

Ps 3/ Ps aLdf, ;a} sd{rf/ Lsf] aLdf u/ fpg] ko{Tg

ug] { sfo{qmdsf cWoIf Pj+ 3f] / fxL zfvf k|d'v ;'lhtk|;fb zfxsf] egfO lyof] . pxf“n] ;/ sf/ L ;] jf / fd|f] x'Gg eGg] e|ddf gkg{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . aLdf u/ fP Ps k6s ;] jf ug] { df} sf lbP Tof] e|d lrg] { pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . aLdf agfpg] jftfj/ 0f agfOlbg cfu|x ug'{eof] . pQm ca;/ df Pe/ ] i6 OG: of] / ] G;sf zfvf k|d'v nf] s/ fh k/ fh'nLn] sf] / f] gf aLdfn] abgfd u/ fPsf] atfpg'eof] . ;a} aLdfn] o: t} u5{g\ eGg] gsf/ fTds ;Gb] z km} nfPsf] 5 . o;} z'ek|eft dfljsf k|c ?b| a'9fn] lzIfsx?nfO{ ljleGg ;d: of lbPsf] u'0ff;f] ug'{eof] . To; ca;/ df al/ i7 clestf{x? ofbjk|;fb zdf{ / / Iff Gof} kfg] nfO{ sb / kqn] ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f g] kfnu~h zfvf k|d'v hgs s] ;Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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/fhgLltdf g}ltstf gfsf If]qsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf;df Wofg hfg] slxn] < bfª ;fk] lIfs?kdf ;'ud lhNnf xf] t/ bfªleqsf b'u{d If] qdf aofg ul/ ;fWo gx'g] kL8f 5g\ . kxf8L If] qdf vfg] kfgLsf] 8/ nfUbf] ;d: of eP klg cGo ;] jf ;'ljwf lj: tf/ eO/ x] sf] 5 eg] ;a} eGbf a9L kL8f gfsf If] qn] Aoxf] l/ / x] sf] 5 . gfsf If] qdf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf g] kfnL a: 5g\ t/ pgLx?nfO{ g] kfnLkgsf] cg'e"lt 5} g . ;fFem laxfg rflxg] g'g, t] n, bfn, rfdn lsGg ef/ tsf] ahf/ hfg'k5{ . cfkm\g} b] zleqsf ahf/ ;Dd k'Ug ultnf] ;8s 5} g . s] xL lbgcl3 dfq} / fhk'/ ufpFkflnsf–^ vf+u|f gfsfsf r] nLx? h+unsf] af6f] x'Fb} ef/ tLo ahf/ hfFbf ef/ tLo ck/ fwLx?af6 cl: dtf n'l6of] . sltko ef/ tLo gful/ saf6 t slxn] ef/ tLo ;z: q k|x/ L anaf6} g] kfnLx? HofbtL ef] Ug afWo 5g\ . s] xL jif{cl3 o: t} HofbtLsf la?4 gfsfaf;Ln] 7"nf] cfGbf] ng u/ ] kl5 / fHo ;+;bLo ;ldlt u7g u/ ] / ;d: ofsf] : ynut cWoog ug{ afWo ePsf] lyof] . ;f] ;ldltn] gfsf If] qsf ljsf;sf cfwf/ e"t k"jf{wf/ k'¥ofpg l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] klg gfsf If] qn] cg'e"lt ug] { u/ L ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn kfpg ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . gfsf If] qsf w] / } 7fpFdf ;8ssf] 6«ofs t vf] lnPsf] 5 t/ jiff{ ofddf df] 6/ ;fOsn rnfpg;Sg] cj: yf klg 5} g . jiff{ nfu] ;Fu} k|foM ;8sx? cj?4 x'g k'U5g\ . gfsfaf;Ln] cfˆg} b] zdf cfpg klg ef/ tsf] af6f] k|of] u ug{'kg] { afWotf clxn] klg x6] sf] 5} g . bfª lhNnfsf] sl/ a *# lsnf] ld6/ If] q ef/ t;Fu hf] l8Psf] 5 . kfNnf] lt/ ef/ tLo e"lddf sfnf] kq] ;8s 5 / / ftdf emndn ljB't 5 t/ g] kfnL e"ld k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf lx;fan] ;'g;fg 5 . / fhk'/ ufpFkflnsf leqdfq} tLgj6f pQ/ blIf0f gfsf: t/ Lo ;8s lgdf{0f x'g yfn] sf] kfFr jif{eGbf w] / } eO;Sof] t/ clxn] ;Dd e/ kbf{] ;8s lgdf{0f x'g ;s] sf] 5} g . lxpFbdf kmf§km'§ ;jf/ L ;fwg ;~rfngdf cfP klg jiff{df eg] 7Kk 5 . k"j{df sf] Onfjf; x'Fb} klZrddf ef} jf gfsf;Dd g] kfnL e"lddf ;Ldf If] q ;8s lgdf{0fsf] sfd z'? eP klg Tof] sfo{n] k|fyldstf kfpg ;s] sf] 5} g\ . k"j{ klZrd ;8s vf] Ng] sfd eP klg To;df kof{Kt ah] 6 gkbf{ cnkq cj: yfdf 5 . aif] {gL s] xL ah] 6 t cfpF5 t/ Tof] aiff{tdf eTs] sf] ;8s dd{td} ;lsG5 . bfªdf ;LdfjtL{ If] qdf @! j6f ;fgf tyf 7"nf gfsf 5g\ . sf] Onfjf;afx] s cGo ;a} gfsf k'Ug sl7g 5g\ . / fd|f] of] hgf / ah] 6sf] Joj: yf ug] { xf] eg] gfsf If] qnfO{ dxTjk"0f{ j: tLsf] ?kdf : yflkt ug{ ;lsG5 . ndxL–sf] Onfaf; ;8s sfnf] kq] eO;s] sf] 5 . sf] Onfjf; x'Fb} klZrddf ef} jf gfsf;Ddsf] lgdf{0ffwLg ;8snfO{ ax'aifL{o 7] Ssfdf nufP/ / 0fgLlts ;8ssf] ?kdf lgdf{0f ug] { xf] eg] o;n] Psflt/ gfsf If] qsf afl;Gbfsf] ;d: of ;dfwfg ug] {5 eg] csf] {lt/ ef/ tLo Hofblt klg sd ug] {5 . To;f] t sf] Onfaf; gfsf ;~rfng ug'{ klg gfsf If] qsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ Ph] 08f xf] . ef/ t;Fu x'g] a} b] lzs Aofkf/ df j: t'sf] cfoft lgof{tsf nflu s[i0fgu/ / ?k} l8xf gfsf k|of] u ul/ G5 . ndxL–sf] Onfaf; ;8s sfnf] kq] eO;s] sf] cj: yfdf sf] Onfaf; gfsf ;~rfngdf Nofpg ;s] bfªsf] ;Ldf Aofkf/ df dxTjk"0f{ sbd x'g] 5 . of] gfsf bfª / / fKtL If] qsf] cfly{s sf/ f] jf/ sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ aGg;S5 . gfsf If] qdf ;8s, ljB't, 6] lnkmf] g / : jf: Yo pkrf/ sf] ;] jf k|efjsf/ L agfpg] xf] eg] w] / } sfd gfsf If] qsf afl;Gbfn] g} ug] {5g\ . / fHon] ug'{kg] { klxnf] sfd pgLx?nfO{ g] kfnLkgsf] k|Tofe"lt lbnfpg' xf] . ef/ tLo ahf/ af6 ;fdfg lsGg] , la/ fdL x'Fbf ef/ td} pkrf/ ug{ hfg] , ef/ tLo l;daf6 df] afOn k|of] u ug] {, ef/ tLo ?k} ofF k|of] u ug] { cflb afWotfn] pgLx?n] g] kfnLkgsf] cg'e"lt kfO/ x] sf 5} gg\ . gfsfaf;L cGo gful/ seGbf a9L ;Ddfgof] Uo 5g\ lsgls pgLx?n] g] kfnL e"ld arfPsf 5g\ . dfgjlkn/ sf] ?kdf v8f eP/ gfsf If] qsf gful/ sn] g] kfnL df6f] arfPsf 5g\ . / fHoaf6 yk ;Ddfg kfpg'kg] { pgLx?n] cGo gful/ s;/ x g] kfnLkgsf] cg'e"lt;Dd ug{ kfO/ x] sf 5} gg\ . of] la8Dagfk"0f{ cj: yfsf] Wofg slxn] hfg] < bfªsf] gfsf If] q b] pv'/ Ldf kb{5 . n'lDagL k|b] zsf] : yfoL / fhwfgL / x] sf] b] pv'/ Lsf gful/ s g] kfnLkgsf] cg'e"lt g} gug] { u/ L ljsf; k"jf{wf/ sf] cj;/ af6 jl~rt x'g' / fd|f] xf] Og . b] zn] g;'g] klg bfªsf] gfsfIf] qsf afl;Gbf kL8f k|b] zn] ;'gf] ;\, hg: t/ af6 bafa / va/ bf/ L l;h{gf u/ f} + .

s;n] s] eg] < u7aGwgs} bnx¿n] sf+u|] ; OdfGbf/ ePg eg] / emu8f ubf{ ;+ljwfg ghf] lug ;S5 .

– wg/ fh u'?ª -g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf pk;efklt_ xfdL ;/ sf/ df / xFbf d'n's artsf] cj: yfdf lyof] t/ cfh em08} b'O{ va{sf] 3f6fdf k'u] sf] 5 . u7aGwg ;/ sf/ n] gf} dlxgfd} cy{tGq 8fdf8f] n kfl/ lbPsf] 5 .

– z+s/ kf] v/ ] n -g] skf Pdfn] sf dxf;lrj_ o; jif{ b] zaf6 sl/ a tLg va{ ?k} ofF cfp6km\nf] ePsf] 5 . k} ;f aflx/ k7fpFbf a} +sx¿n] / fi6« a} +s;Fu 8n/ lsGg'kg{] x'G5 .

– dxfk|;fb clwsf/ L -g] kfn / fi6« a} +ssf ueg{/ _ x} hf km} lng] k|d'v sf/ 0f ;+qmldt JolQmsf] lb;faf6 k|b"lift vfB kbfy{ / kfgL g} xf] . hf/ , wf/ f, SoflG8n lkmN6/ sf] kfgL dfq geO{ ;s] ;Dd ;a} vfnsf] kfgL / fd|/ L pdfn] / dfq ;] jg u/ f} + . ljBfyL{nfO{ gª sf6\g] , g'xfpg] / ;/ ;kmfOdf Wofg lbg] af/ ] hfgsf/ L lbO/ fVg klg h?/ L 5 .

– 8f= r'dgnfn bf; -: jf: Yo ljefu, Olkl8ldof] nf] hL tyf / f] u lgoGq0f dxfzfvf -O8L;L8L_ lgb{] zs_

lrGtsx? g} ltstf ljgfsf] / fhgLlt / fhgLlt x'“b} g, Jolerf/ x'G5 eG5g\ . / fhgLlt g} lts d"Noaf6 : vlnt eof] eg] To;n] cfkm\gf] ul/ df / cy{ b'j} u'dfp“5 / Jolerf/ df ablnG5 .

Jolerf/ df ablnPsf] / fhgLlt;“u nfh eGg] x'“b} g . nfh g} gePkl5 h] eg] klg eof] , h] u/ ] klg eof] . nf] sn] hlt;'s} cfnf] rgf u/ ] klg nfh x/ fPsf] / fhgLltnfO{ To;n] 5'“b} g . ;Qfsf] pkNnf] cf;gdf a: g] nfh x/ fPsf / fhgLlts kfqx? cfkm" 7Ls ePsf] bfjL ul/ / xG5g\ / / fhgLltsf] cem a9L x'd{t lnO/ xG5g\ . / fhgLltdf o;nfO{ lj8DagfTds b[Zosf ?kdf lnOG5 / b] z Pj+ hgtfk|ltsf] a] OdfgL 7flgG5 . / fhgLltn] g} lts d"Nosf] lj36gsf sf/ 0f cfkm\gf] dd{ u'dfp“b} hfg yfn] kl5 o: t} x'G5 . ;dsfnLg g] kfnL / fhgLlt g} o;sf] Pp6f ultnf] pbfx/ 0f xf] . / fhgLlt lglZrt ljrf/ wf/ fsf] hudf cl8Psf] x'G5 . o;sf] cfkm\ gf] kIfw/ tf / p2] Zo x'G5 . g} lts d"Nodf cfwfl/ t eP/ dfq / fhgLltn] cfkm\gf] kIfw/ tf / p2] Zo cg'?k sfd ug{ ;S5 . d"NoxLg / fhgLlt cfkm\gf] p2] Zodf c;kmn / xG5 . / fhgLltdf g} lts d"NonfO{ dxTj k|bfg ug'{sf] sf/ 0f klg oxL xf] . jfdkGyL / fhgLltdf dfq xf] Og pbf/ jfbL / fhgLltdf klg g} lts d"NonfO{ dxTj lbOG5 . pbf/ jfbL / fhgLltsf] nfdf] Oltxf;df s} of} + pbf/ jfbL lrGtsx?n] / fhgLltdf g} lts d"Nosf ljifodf nfdf] rrf{ u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . pgLx?n] pbf/ jfbL / fhgLltsf] lj;+ut tl: a/ nfO{ g} lts d"Nodf cfPsf] : vng;“u hf] 8] / ljZn] if0f u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . ;To s] xf] eg] / fhgLlt ;} 4flGts, j} rfl/ s ?kdf 7Ls x'g' dfq kof{Kt x'Gg, Tof] g} lts d"Nosf] hudf cl8Psf] klg x'g'k5{ . o;n] / fhgLltnfO{ unt af6f] lt/ hfgaf6 / f] S5 . g} lts d"No sdhf] / aGbf / fhgLlt ljs[lt / lj;+ultn] cfqmfGt aG5 . g} lts d"No;DaGwL x] / fO / a'emfOdf ;dfgtf kfOGg . / fhgLlts ljrf/ wf/ fx?df kfOg] leGgtfsf sf/ 0f o;;DaGwL x] / fO / a'emfOdf klg leGgtf / x] sf] 5 t/ ;a} n] o;nfO{ dxTj lbPsf 5g\ . / fhgLlts l;4fGt / ljrf/ sf cfwf/ d} bnx? aG5g\ / lqmofzLn x'G5g\ . / fhgLlt cfkm} d"t{ x'Gg, bnx? dfkm{t

Ps–cfw pbfx/ 0f g] kfnL / fhgLltdf klg kfOG5g\ t/ g] kfnL / fhgLlt xhf/ sdhf] / L u/ ] klg ;Qfaf6 aflxl/ g gkg] { lj;+ultaf6 k|tfl8t 5 . To: t} x? / fhgLltdf alnof 5g\, gLlt lgdf{0fdf pgLx?s} e"ldsf lg0ff{os x'G5, k6s k6s ;/ sf/ df pgLx? g} bf] xl/ G5g\ . u0ftGq : yfkgf ePkl5sf] s'/ f dfq ug] { xf] eg] klg bh{gf} + dGqLn] ;/ sf/ df / x] sf a] nf uDeL/ sdhf] / Lx? u/ ] sf 5g\, pgLx?dfly e|i6frf/ sf] cf/ f] k nfu] sf] 5 t/ pgLx?n] / fhLgfdf lbg'k/ ] g . pN6} k'gM ;/ sf/ df k'u] , kf6L{sf] dflyNnf] 7fp“df plSnP . bl08t x'g'kg] { k'/ : s[t ePkl5 ljs[lt / lj;+ult cem df} nfp“5 .

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 8f= cd/ lu/L

x'G5 . / fhgLltsf afxs bnx? x'g\ . bnx? lglZrt ljrf/ x?df cfa4 ;+ul7t dflg;x?sf ;d"xx? x'g\ . / fhgLlts l;4fGt, ljrf/ , cfbz{, g} lts d"No ;a} pgLx? dfkm{t sfof{Gjog x'G5 . bnx?n] o;nfO{ u|x0f u5{g\ / sfof{Gjogdf n}hfG5g\ eGg] s'/ fn] / fhgLltdf w] / } dxTj / fV5 . / fhgLlts l;4fGt Pj+ ljrf/ df g} lts d"NonfO{ lbOPsf] dxTj bnsf g] tf, sfo{stf{b] lv ;Qfdf / x] sf / fhgLlts kfqx?df k|ltlalDat x'g'k5{ . pgLx?sf] / fhgLlts hLjg / lqmofsnfk g} lts cfbz{af6 8f] l/ g'k5{ . ;} 4flGts, j} rfl/ s ?kdf h: tf] ;dfh / / fHo lgdf{0fsf] kl/ sNkgf ul/ Psf] x'G5 Tof] g} lts d"Noaf6 ;/ f] j/ / fhgLlts kf6L{, g] tf Pj+ sfo{stf{x?af6 dfq k"/ f x'g ;S5 . g} lts d"Noaf6 ljd'v x'“bf hGdg] / fhgLlts Jolerf/ n] l;+uf] d'n'snfO{ g} aaf{b u5{ . ;+;f/ sf s} of} + d'n'snfO{ pbfx/ 0fsf lglDt cl3 ;fg{ ;lsG5 . g] kfn ToxL af6f] lt/ cu|;/ 5 . olta] nf g] kfnL / fhgLlt g} lts d"No lj36gsf] lzsf/ 5 . g} ltstfljxLg / fhgLlt olta] nfsf] s6' oyfy{ xf] . g] kfnL / fhgLltdf b] lvPsf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf] 7"nf] c+z oxL oyfy{;“u hf] l8Psf] 5 . / fhgLlts bnx? / ;dsfnLg g] kfnL / fhgLltk|lt ljt[i0ff a9fpg o;n] 7"nf] e"ldsf v] n] sf] 5 . olta] nf cy{dGqLsf] / fhLgfsf] s'/ f rsf] { ?kdf p7] sf] 5 . pgsf] / fhLgfdfsf] dfu ah] 6 lgdf{0f ubf{ pgLaf6 ePsf sdhf] / L / ;L;Ll6eL km'6] h ufoa x'g';“u hf] l8Psf] 5 . cy{dGqL cln klxn] b] lv ljjfbdf kb} { cfPsf 5g\ . ah] 6 k|s/ 0fkl5 pgL cem cK7\of/ f] df k/ ] sf 5g\ . ;L;Ll6eL km'6] hn] pgsf] cK7\of/ f] nfO{ cem a9fPsf] 5 . pgn] / fhLgfdf lbg] 5g\ jf 5} gg\, pgn] u/ ] sf

sdhf] / Lx?sf] 5fgljg uDeL/ tfk"j{s x'g] 5 jf 5} g, o;} eGg ;lsGg t/ of] g} lts d"Nodf cfPsf] : vngsf] Pp6f pbfx/ 0f xf] eg] / eGg ;+sf] r dfGg'kg] { b] lvGg . of] b[Zo g] kfnL / fhgLltdf bzsf} + klxn] b] lv z'? ePsf] g} lts d"No lj36gsf] >[ª\vnfsf] kl5Nnf] s8L xf] . jt{dfg ;/ sf/ df pgL PSnf pbfx/ 0f eg] xf] Ogg\ . jt{dfg / fHo;+oGq dflyb] lv tn;Dd} e|i6frf/ n] cfqmfGt 5 . k} ;fsf lglDt cfbz{ Pj+ g} ltstfnfO{ anL lbg] k|j[lQ xnSs a9] sf] 5 . / fHo;+oGqsf] dflyNnf] txdf a;] sfx?sf] hLjgdf b] lvg] cfZro{nfUbf] cfly{s ;d[l4 o;} ;“u hf] l8Psf] 5 . / fhgLlt wg cfh{g ug] { ultnf] dfWod ag] sf] 5 . / fhgLltaf6} s] xL gePsfx? dWod ju{ x'“b} ;De|fGtdf plSnPsf 5g\ . lxhf] k|] / s / cg's/ 0fLo JolQmTjsf] ?kdf / x] sf w] / } n] cfh Tof] x} l;ot u'dfO;s] sf 5g\ . g} lts d"Nodf cfPsf] x|f;sf] xfd|f] tl: a/ ;+;f/ sf w] / } d'n'ssf] eGbf 8/ nfUbf] 5 . xfdL cfly{s ?kdf cfh h'g l: yltdf 5f} +, of] g} ltstfdf cfPsf] x|f;;“u klg ulx/ f] u/ L hf] l8Psf] 5 . e|i6frf/ >Ln+sfsf] jt{dfg l: yltsf] Pp6f 7"nf] sf/ 0f xf] eG5g\ cWo] tfx? . e|i6frf/ cefj;“u eGbf w] / } a9L dgUu] wg cfh{g ug] {, ljnfl;tfk"0f{ hLjg hLpg] , / fhgLlt Pj+ ;dfhdf cfkm"nfO{ alnof] agfpg] / cl3 a9\g] dgf] j[lQ;“u ;DalGwt / x] sf] 5 . o;sf lglDt dflg;n] h] klg u5{, ub} { cfPsf] 5 . e|i6frf/ sf sf/ 0f ;+;f/ sf k|foM ;a} nf] stflGqs d'n'sx? abgfd 5g\ . ;/ sf/ df uP/ sdhf] / L ug] {x?n] / fhLgfdf lbPsf pbfx/ 0fx? ;+;f/ df k|z: t 5g\ . To;sf] k|z+;f klg lsg} ePsf] 5 . cfh klg To: tfx?sf] k|z+;f ul/ G5 . o;n] / fhgLltnfO{ d"No cfwfl/ t

x'g ;3fp“5 . c;n / fhgLlts ;+: s[ltsf] lgdf{0fdf of] ubfg lbG5 . t/ / fhgLltn] o: tfx?af6 w] / } l;Sg rfx] sf] kfOGg .

Ps–cfw pbfx/ 0f g] kfnL / fhgLltdf klg kfOG5g\ t/ g] kfnL / fhgLlt xhf/ sdhf] / L u/ ] klg ;Qfaf6 aflxl/ g gkg] { lj;+ultaf6 k|tfl8t 5 . To: t} x? / fhgLltdf alnof 5g\, gLlt lgdf{0fdf pgLx?s} e"ldsf lg0ff{os x'G5, k6s k6s ;/ sf/ df pgLx? g} bf] xl/ G5g\ . u0ftGq : yfkgf ePkl5sf] s'/ f dfq ug] { xf] eg] klg bh{gf} + dGqLn] ;/ sf/ df / x] sf a] nf uDeL/ sdhf] / Lx? u/ ] sf 5g\, pgLx?dfly e|i6frf/ sf] cf/ f] k nfu] sf] 5 t/ pgLx?n] / fhLgfdf lbg'k/ ] g . pN6} k'gM ;/ sf/ df k'u] , kf6L{sf] dflyNnf] 7fp“df plSnP . bl08t x'g'kg] { k'/ : s[t ePkl5 ljs[lt / lj;+ult cem df} nfp“5 . cy{dGqLsf cufl8 oxL lj/ f;t 5 . c?n] xhf/ uNtL ubf{ / fhLgfdf lbg' gkg] { d'n'sdf cy{dGqLn] / fhLgfdf lsg lbg'kg] { < oxL k|Zg pgsf] dgdf p7\bf] xf] . o: tf] k|Zg p7\g' c: jfefljs klg xf] Og . / fhgLlts ck;+: s[ltsf] ljsf; ePsf] d'n'sdf cg} lts sfdnfO{ klg g} lts 7flgG5 / b08 lbg'kg] { s'/ f ul/ P To;sf] k|ltjfb klg ul/ G5 . cy{dGqL clxn] ToxL ub} {5g\ . ;/ sf/ df a;] / grflxbf] ug] {x?n] bl08t x'g gk/ ] sf] d'n'sx?df k5{ g] kfn . Ps b'O{ hgf bl08t x'g] x? klg / fhgLlts if8\oGqsf sf/ 0f bl08t ePsf 5g\ . sf+u|] ; g] tf v'daxfb'/ v8\ sf g} o;sf pbfx/ 0f x'g\ . e|i6x?nfO{ sf/ jfxL ug] { p2] Zo;lxt sf/ jfxLnfO{ cl3 a9fPsf] eP w] / } e|i6x? sf/ jfxLsf] bfo/ fdf ky] {, v'daxfb'/ x? dfq kg] { lyPgg\ . pbf/ jfbL Pj+ jfdkGyLx? s;} n] klg ;Qfsf] b'?kof] u u/ ] sf sf/ 0f bl08t x'g k/ ] sf] 5} g . lgw{Ss ;Qfsf] b'?kof] u ug] { / ;'/ lIft / xg] oyfy{sf aLrdf xfdL 5f} + . cfhsf] / fhgLlt olt lj;+ut To;} ag] sf] xf] Og . t}klg xfdL w] / } 7"nf s'/ fx? ;'Gg clezKt h: t} 5f} + . g] kfnL / fhgLltsf] jt{dfg tl: a/ nfO{ abNg] xf] eg] pbf/ jfbL / jfdkGyL b'j} g] kfnL / fhgLltdf b] lvPsf] g} lts d"Nosf] lj36gk|lt uDeL/ aGg'k5{, ;Qfsf] b'?kof] u ug] {x?k|lt s7f] / x'g ;Sg'k5{ . t/ ;a} df p: t} p: t} ;d: of ePkl5 kmf] x/ ;kmf s;n] ug] { eGg] k|Zg cufl8 plebf] / x] 5 .

b]z ga]r] x'GYof], b:o'x?n] † …b] z bf] xgsf] b: o' bf} 8Ú n] v] sf] lyP“ utxKtf d} n] . of] xKtf rlr{t / fhgLlts ljZn] ifs Pj+ k|fWofks s[i0f vgfnn] sflGtk'/ df n] v] 5g\– l …/ fHo;Qf rnfpg] x?n] cfly{s ck/ fwsf] c: q af] s] sf 5g\ . / fhgLlt / ck/ fwsf] ;fª\nf] olt lj£g s8f x'G5 ls o;df km;] kl5 d'lQm ;Dej 5} g, Wj: t kfg] { / Wj: t x'g] dfq} af“sL / xG5 . ;Qfaflx/ p;n] ;'/ Iff b] Vb} g, k|ltåGåLnfO{ kG5fpg / ;Qf hf] ufpg yk ck/ fw ub} { hfG5 . l r'gfj w] / } vlr{nf] eof] eG5g\, t/ s'g g] tf, kf6L{ / pDd] bjf/ nfO{ k} ;fsf] sdL 5 / < sf+u|] ; x'g\ jf sDo'lgi6, s;n] cfkm\g} vr{df r'gfj n8] sf] 5 / < / fhgLltsf] cj} w wGbf / / fHosf] ;DklQ bf] xg g} k} ;fsf] >f] t agfPkl5 r'gfj vr{sf] s] lrGtf eof] / < To;dfly bfof“afof“ l5d] sLsf] r'gfjL l6K; klg cfOxfN5 . t;y{ r'gfjnfO{ e'O“km'§fx?n] hfgLhfgL dx+uf] agfPsf 5g\ . /, of] ;'lgof] lht rfn xf] , r'gfjnfO{ cfkm\gf] sAhfdf / fVg] . hlt a9L vlr{nf] agfpg ;Sof] plt OdfGbf/ dfG5] nfO{ r'gfjaf6 k/ ws] Ng ;lsG5 eGg] s'lT;t v] n xf] of] . l jf: tjdf r'gfj / fhgLlt sAhf u/ ] / a;] sf s] xL : jfyL{ lu/ f] xsf nflu cfkm\gf] wGbf lg/ Gt/ / fVg] j} wflgs pkfo dfq ePsf] 5 . : jfyL{ lu/ f] xsf] s'rqm / hfnf] tf] 8\g g;Sg] xf] eg] r'gfj x'g'–gx'g'sf] s'g} cy{ 5} g . l r'gfjkl5sf] klxnf] cfwf sfo{sfn bfxfn k|wfgdGqL x'g] , kl5Nnf] cfwf cjlw b] pjf kTgL cf/ h' / f0ff x'g] / ] † uPsf] r'gfjdf gxf/ ] sf] eP o;} k6s pgnfO{ Tof] cj;/ h'6\g klg ;SYof] . k|wfgdGqL aGg] cf/ h'sf] cfsf+Iff cb[Zo 5} g . b] pjf lgs6 Pp6f lu/ f] x To;s} nflu v6] sf] 5 . b] pjf–k|r08sf] of] ;f“7uf“7 x'g' s'g} cfZro{ klg xf] Og . l …k~rfot 9n] ;“u} pQm Joj: yfn] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf] e'O“km'§f ju{ lanfof] eg] sf] t sf+u|] ;–sDo'lgi6sf] / fhgLltdf ?kfGtl/ t kf] eP5 .Ú g] kfnsf] / fhgLltsf af/ ] df ca of]

eGbf a9L eGg' / n] Vg' kg] { s] xL af“sL gxf] nf . o: tf] ;Qf, / fhgLlt / ;/ sf/ sf nflu lghu9 ljdfg: yn agfpg lsg / s] sf nflu xtfl/ g k/ ] sf] / x] 5 eGg] ljifo a'‰g ca w] / } ts{ ug{ klg gknf{ . sf7df08f} sf] ljsNkdf e} / xjfdf ag] / rfn' eO;s] sf] / kf] v/ fdf klg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eP/ p8fg s'/ ] sf cGt/ f{li6«o ljdfg: yn x'“bfx'“b} , tL b'j} sf] k"/ } k|of] u gx'“b} lghu9 vf] Hg' / / f] Hg' eg] sf] Toxf“ / x] sf] jg df;] / b: o' hgn] wg a6'n] / ef] hg ug{] b': k|of; afx] s c? s] xL xf] Og eGg s;} n] klg ws dfGg kb} {g . e} / xjf / kf] v/ fdf ag] sf b'j} cGt/ f{li6«o ljdfg: ynn] y] Ug g;Sg] cj: yf cfPdf g] kfnu~h, wgu9L / lj/ f6gu/ sf ljdfg: ynnfO{ lj: tf/ ug{ ;lsGYof] . lghu9sf] h?/ t} 5} g / lyPg klg . ljdfg: yn eGbf klxn] jg df;] / wgfh{g ug{ slt xtf/ xf] < lghu9df ljdfg: yn aGg / agfpg t bzsf} + s'g{' k5{, t/ jg df;] / vNtL eg{ t Ps÷b'O{ jif{d} ;lsG5 eGg] ljifo klg yfxf 5 b'lgof“nfO{ . u7aGwgsf] zLif{ g] t[Tjsf] xtf/ sf] lghu9 bf} 8 b] v] / n] v] 8f= b] j] Gb|/ fh kf08] n] klg …clnslt ;dem ePsf JolQm ;j{k|yd cbfntsf] lg0f{o ;Djf] wg ug{lt/ nfUy] , lghu9d} ljdfg: yn agfpg klg . logsf ;dem 5} g yfxf lyof] . cj t dg'io klg xf] Ogg\ h: tf] nfUof] Ú eg] / . of] eGbf a9L c? s] eGg] ÷n] Vg] xf] / < k|fWofks s[i0f vgfn / k"j{cy{dGqL Pj+ gful/ s cu'jf b] j] Gb|/ fh kf08] n] eGbf a9L g] kfnsf] / fhgLlt, g] tf / ;Qfsf] z} nL c? s: n] a'em] sf] xf] nf / < ;Qf u7aGwgsf zLif{ g] tfx?n] b] z / hgtfsf] lrGtf u/ ] sf x'Gy] eg] v] tLkftLsf] of] a] nf dnsf] xfxfsf/ 5, To;sf] cfk"lt{ ug{lt/ nfUy] . x'n af“w] / x] lnsf] K6/ df r9] / lghu9lt/ x'Olsb} gy] . b] zdf cfkt Psflt/ 5, t/ g] tfx?sf] lrGtf, rf;f] , cfsif{0f / bf} 8 csf] {lt/ b] lvG5 . jiff{ ;'? ePkl5 af9L, klx/ f] / af6f] aGbn] hg– hLjg c: tJo: t kf/ ] sf] 5 . s;/ L ;'rf? u/ ] / ;xh kfg{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifolt/ Wofg 5} g, t/ lghu9afx] s csf] { pkfo

pgLx?sf] lbdfun] b] Vb} g . o;/ L s;/ L sfd rN5 < rNb} g . sfd s'/ f] Psflt/ s'Dnf] af] sL l7dLlt/ eg] h: t} u5{g\ zLif{ g] tfx? . lghu9sf] ljdfg: ynn] dnsf] cfk"lt{ ul/ lbg] xf] ls, cGg, t/ sf/ L / kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbg a9fP/ cfTdlge{/ agfOlbG5 < lghu9n] ef] sf g] kfnLsf] k] 6 el/ lbG5 ls, gf+uf g] kfnLsf] cfª 9fsL lbG5 ls, af+uf g] tfsf] a'l4 ;'wfl/ lbG5 ls, a] / f] huf/ g] kfnLnfO{ / f] huf/ lbG5 ls, s] u/ ] / b] zsf] ofjt cfkt 6f5{ x“ < s] 5 hjfkm xfd|f zf;s / ltgsf pkf;sx?;“u < 5} g . g] kfnL hgtfn] lrQa'‰bf] hjfkmsf] cf; ug} { kb} {g . g] kfn con lguddf 3f6f a9fP/ , ToxL b] vfP/ lghLs/ 0f ug{ vf] lhPsf] s'/ f g] kfnL sf+u|] ;s} jl/ i7 g] tf / fdrGb| kf} 8] nn] ;fj{hlgs u/ ] sf x'g\ . dflkmofsf bnfn 3';fP/ , 6f6 pN6fP/ , con lgud / jfo' ;] jf lgudsf] ;j} rn crn ;DklQ a] Rbf klg shf{ ltg{ gk'Ug] agfP/ , lghL If] qnfO{ ;'Dkg] k|of;nfO{ an ldNg] u/ L dGqL j8'n] klg eg] – …PSn} 3f6f Joxf] g{ g;Sg] cj: yf cfof] .Ú o;} n] cj ;j} n] ;f] Rg / a'‰g kg] { eof] cfon lgud t s'g} ;fx'sf xftdf hfg] lbg glhlsof] . jfo' ;] jf lgud klg nfOgdf nfUof] . b] z 8'afP/ g] tf pqg] v] n u0ftGqdf klg dHh} n] hf/ L / x\of] . klxn] sf] ;/ sf/ n] cf] DgL / olt kf] : Yof] . ;bgsf] ;fdgf ug{ g;s] / xTof uYof] { . clxn] s; n] s;nfO{ kf] : g] xf] ;don] cfkm} atfpnf . b] z 8'afpg] x? xfd|} g] tf ePkl5 c? s] g} kf] cfz ug{ ;lsG5 / < To;} n] dfcf] jfbL g] tf Pj+ ;f+;b ;'bg ls/ ftLn] s] Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a} 7sd} eg] 5g\– …g] tfx?sf] cfr/ 0f / lqmofsnfkn] / fhgLltsf] ljb|"lks/ 0f eof] Ú eg] / . ;j} bnsf zLif{ g] tfnfO{ hfgsf/ L gePsf] ljifo x} g . ;'lw|g] ;Defjgf klg b] lvb} g . afn] g / xs{n] lbPsf] bgsn] klg r] t kms] {g .

To;} n] rlr{t ;dfhzf: qL xl/ zdf{ n] V5g\– …;j} / fhgLlts / / fhsLo ;+: yfx? sdhf] / agfO{ : jcg's"n agfpg] ;+sL0f{ g] t[Tjn] ljlw / k|lqmofdf / xL sfd unf{g\ eGg' Joy{ . ;dodf a'emf} b'lb{g

u gf/ fo0fk|;fb kf} 8] n glhs} cfof] .Ú k|df0f xf] nf cy{dGqfnosf] cgy{ sfd, cyf{t ljrf} lnofdfkm{t ah] 6 lgdf{0f / ;L;L6LeL km'6] h l8ln6 k|s/ 0f . o: tf k|s/ 0fnfO{ s;} n] klg nf] stflGqs / ljlw;Ddt cfr/ 0f eGg ;Sb} g . t/ dflkmofx?sf] r+u'ndf km;] sf] ;/ sf/ n] jf: t} ub} {g, 6] b} {g . cfly{s ck/ fwsf] of] eGbf 7"nf] b[i6fGt c? s] xL x'g ;Sb} g . t/ klg xfd|f] ;/ sf/ n] jf: t} ub} {g . gug'{ k5fl8sf] sf/ 0f xf] – …ltdL p: t} d klg p: t} , hfp“ ;': t} ;': t} Ú eGg] uLtsf] af] n h: t} . lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqL Pj+ ljkIfL bnsf g] tfn] ;bgdf pleP/ 8] 9306f;Dd bf] xf] nf] sf8] sf] ;'Gg] n] klg eg] sf] ;'lgof] – cfkm" ultnf] eP kf] c?n] klg ;'Gy] , 6] y] {, dfGy] . b'Ok6s cfkm} n] xTof u/ ] sf] , c?n] aFrfOlbPsf] pxL ;bgsf] / f] i6ddf uP/ , nfh krfP/ , s;/ L af] Ng ;s] sf] xf] nf x“< ;QfkIf / ljkIf s;} k|lt hgtfsf] e/ / ljZjf; b] lvb} g, pgLx?åf/ f kflnt kf] lift xg'dfgx? afx] s . slx+ st} OdfGbf/ g] tf e] l6b} g . h] kfP klg ldn] / a] R5g\ / af“8] / vfG5g\ . k~rfotn] hf] 8] / 5f] 8] sf s'g} sn–sf/ vfgf ar] gg\ . d7, dlGb/ , k'/ fgf b/ af/ , vf] nf, 3f] nf, gfnf, gbL, kxf8, h+un, tfn, tn} of, vfgL cflb klg af“sL / fv] gg\ . ;+3Lotf / wd{lg/ k] Iftf h: tf ;+j] bgzLn ljifo ;+ljwfgdf 3';fp“bf ;d] t ;Qfs} ;f} bfjfhL ePsf] / x] 5 . a] Rg ;lsg] hlt ;j} k|fs[lts / ;F“: s[lts ;Dkbf ;lsPkl5 ca ljlw / k|lqmofsf gfddf b'OltxfO{ ax'dt k'¥ofP/ zlQms] Gb|sf xftdf b] z} g;'Dk] -ga] r] _ x'GYof] b: o'x?n] .

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(July 6, 2022)

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n'lDagL k|b]z;efsf ;+;bLo ;ldlt g]t[TjljxLg q e/ t s] ;L n'lDagL, @! c;f/ . n'lDagL k|b] z;efsf clwsf+z ;+;bLo ;ldltdf g] t[Tj gx'“bf ;ldltsf ljifout sfd k|efjsf/ L aGg ;s] sf 5} gg\ . k|b] z;efdf ljleGg ljifout ;ftj6f ;+;bLo ;ldltdWo] rf/ j6f ;ldltsf] g] t[Tj ljut Psjif{ eGbf a9L ;dob] lv l/ Qm / x] sf 5g\ . ljifout ;ldltsf s] xL ;efklt tyf ;b: o ;/ sf/ sf dGqL ag] sf / s] xL ;efklt k|b] z;ef ;b: oaf6 kbd'Qm ePsfn] ;ldlt g] t[TjljxLg ePsf x'g\ . k|b] z;efdf ;fj{hlgs n] vf ;ldlt, ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldlt, s[lif, jg tyf jftfj/ 0f ;ldlt / cy{ pBf] u tyf ko{6g ;ldlt g] t[TjljxLg ePsf x'g\ . g] skf ljefhgkl5 cy{, pBf] u, ko{6g ;ldltsf ;efklt blw/ fd Gof} kfg] dfcf] jfbL s] Gb| 5f8] / g] skf Pdfn] df ;dflxt x'g'eof] . pxf“sf] of] lg0f{olj?4 k|b] z;ef ;b: oaf6 kbd'Qm ug] { g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf] lg0f{o u/ ] kl5 pxf“ kbd'Qm ePsfn] ;ldlt 8] 9 jif{b] lv g] t[TjljxLg 5 . Gof} kfg] dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|af6 Pdfn] df nfu] kl5 pgnfO{ kf6L{n] sf/ afxL u/ ] sf] lyof] . ;+;bLo ;ldltdWo] cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ dflgg] ;fj{hlgs n] vf ;ldlt em08} Ps jif{b] lv g] t[TjljxLg ePsf] 5 . ;ldltsf tTsfnLg ;efklt l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ L ut jif{ ;fpg @* ut] k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] ko{6g, u|fdL0f tyf ;x/ L ljsf;dGqL ag] kl5 pQm ;ldlt

g] t[TjljxLg ePsf] xf] . o: t} ;fj{hlgs n] vf ;ldlts} csf{ ;b: o ltns/ fd zdf{ / j;Lpl4g vf“ k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf dGqL lgo'Qm x'g'ePkl5 pQm ;ldltsf] a} 7s g} a: g ;s] sf] 5} g . zdf{ cfGtl/ s dfldnf tyf ;~rf/ dGqL / vf“ lzIff, lj1fg, o'jf tyf v] ns'bdGqL ag] kl5 pQm ;ldlt g] t[TjljxLg cj: yfdf / x] sf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs n] vf ;ldltsf] ;efklt ljkIfL bnaf6 x'g] k|fjwfg 5 . n'lDagL k|b] zdf xfn g] skf Pdfn] k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnsf] ¿kdf / x] sf] 5 . o: t} s[lif, jg, jftfj/ 0f ;ldltsf ;efklt ljhoaxfb'/ ofbj kf6L{sf] lg0f{oljk/ Lt tTsfnLg d'VodGqL z+s/ kf] v/ ] n g] t[Tjsf] ;/ sf/ df ;xefuL ePkl5 hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{n] sf/ afxL u/ ] sfn] pxf“ k|b] z;ef ;b: oaf6 kbd'Qm x'g'ePsf] xf] . of] ;ldlt;d] t Ps jif{eGbf a9L ;dob] lv g] t[TjljxLg 5 . o;} ;ldltsf ;b: o / df 3tL{ sfg'g, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho] i7 gful/ sdGqL ePkl5

;ldltn] k"0f{tf;d] t kfpg ;s] sf] 5} g . ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt b[ugf/ fo0f kf08] k|b] z;ef ;b: o kbaf6 / fhLgfdf lbP/ / fli6«o ;efdf pDd] bjf/ ag] kl5 ;f] ;ldltsf] ;efklt klg !) dlxgfb] lv g] t[TjljxLg cj: yfdf / x] sf] 5 . k|b] z;efdf k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g] skf Pdfn] sf k|d'v ;r] ts e"ldZj/ 9sfnn] ;+;bLo ;ldlt nfdf] ;do;Dd g] t[TjljxLg x'g'n] ;+;b\ sdhf] / x'g] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“n] k|b] z;efaf6 xfn} ah] 6 kfl/ t ePsf] / ca a: g] k|b] z;ef a} 7sn] g] t[TjljxLg cj: yfdf / x] sf ;ldltdf g] t[Tj rog x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] . …;Qf kIfsf ;fyL;“u o; ljifodf uDeL/ 5nkmn eP/ ;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …casf] k|b] z;ef a} 7sdf 6'+uf] nfU5 .Ú k|b] zdf ;/ sf/ sf] g] t[Tj u/ ] sf] dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf k|d'v ;r] ts t'nf/ fd 3tL{ du/ n] k|d'v ljkIfL bn g] skf Pdfn] n] nuftf/ ^ dlxgf;Dd ;+;b\ cj?4 u/ ] sf sf/ 0f ;ldltsf] g] t[Tj rogsf] k|lqmofdf l9nfO ePsf] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“n] ;ldltsf l/ Qm ;b: osf] gfdfjnL ;efd'vn] k9] / ;'gfO;Sg' ePsf] / cjsf] k|b] z;ef a} 7sdf g] t[Tj rogsf] k|lqmof cl3 a9\g] bnaLr ;xdlt ePsf] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …g] t[Tj rogdf ;xdltdf eP klg jf ;xdlt geP lgjf{rg k|lqmofaf6 6'+uf] nufpg] ljifodf bnaLr ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . ca s] xL lbgd} l/ Qm ;ldltn] gt[Tj kfp“5g\ .Ú

j[Iff/ f] k0f z'? t'n;Lk'/ , @! c;f/ -o';_– t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f gDa/ !( df j8fWoIfn] k|fKt u/ ] sf] dt ;+Vofsf] la?jf / f] k0f ;'? ul/ Psf] 5 . xl/ t j8fsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{sf nflu j8fn] k|fKt dtsf] la?jf / f] Kg] / ;+/ If0f ug] { lg0f{o u/ ] sf] lyof] . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v 6Lsf/ fd v8\sfn] qmflGt ;+u|xfno / x] sf] nfdfvf] nf dlxnf ;fd'bflos jgdf la?jf / f] k] / ;'? ug'{ePsf] xf] . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf j8f gDa/ !( sf j8fWoIf k|] dgfy of] uLn] Ps xhf/ kf“r ;o ^ dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] lyof] . j8fWoIf k|] dgfy of] uLn] j8fleq / x] sf ;fd'bflos jgx?;“u ;dGjo u/ ] / la?jf / f] lkg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] la?jf / f] Kg] dfq} ;+:sf/ ePsfn] tL / f] k] sf la?jf ;+/ If0f ;d] t j8ftxaf6 ul/ g] atfpg'eof] . gu/ k|d'v 6Lsf/ fd v8\sfn] qmflGt ;+u|xfnoleq kmnkm"n, hl8a'6Lsf la?jf / f] lkg] atfpg'eof] . pxF“n] qmflGt ;+u|xfnosf] ;+/ If0f, ;+a4{gdf ljz] if Wofg lbOg] atfpg'eof] . kflnsfn] To; ;+u|xfnosf nflu ;'/ Iffsf nflu x] / fn'sf] Joj:yf ul/ Psf] 5 . k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t df] xg kf} 8] n, j8fWoIf k|] dgfy of] uLnufotsf hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/ L, ;fd'bflos jgsf kbflwsf/ L, pkef] Stfx?n] la?jf / f] Kg'ePsf] lyof] .

Hof]ltk'~hdf Ps ljBfyL{, b'O{ lj?jf sfo{qmd z'? t]SjfGbf] ;+3nfO{ v]n ;fdu|L x:tfGt/0f o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, @! c;f/ . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsf] ;xof] udf Hof] ltk'~h cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfno 3f] / fxL / Hof] ltk'~h df] 8] n Oª\ln; :s'n / fdk'/ df cWoog/ t ljBfyL{x?n] k|lt ljBfyL{ b'O{ la?jf / f] Kg] / ;+/ If0f ug] { sfo{qmd ;'? ePsf] 5 . l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsf] Ps 3/ b'O{ j[If, zx/ xfd|f] agfp :jR5 sfo{qmd / ljBfnosf] Ps ljBfyL{ b'O{ lj?jf, ;+/ If0f u/ f} + kfgLsf] d"n / h?jf eGg]

d[tssf]=== h;df ^& ;dfwfg ePsf 5g eg] ! ;o * j6f k|lqmofdf / x] sf 5g\ . 7uLsf] k|df0f gk'u] sf ph'/ Lsf sf/ 0f w] / } ph'/ L 6'+lug g;s] sf] ;'/ lIft cfk|jf;g kl/ of] hgfn] hgfPsf] 5 . ljz] if u/ L ljb] z k'u] / eg] sf] sfd gkfpg] , eg] sf] tna gkfpg] , ljb] z k7fp“5' eg] / k} ;f lnP/ gk7fpg] , kf;kf] 6{ lnP/ kmf] g gp7fpg] h: tf ;d: of a9L 5g\ . kl/ of] hgfsf cg';f/ sfg'gL ;xhLs/ 0f u/ L k7fOPsf d[To' / c+ue+usf ## j6fdf #) j6f ;dfwfg ePsf] / #

sfo{qmd cg';f/ d+unaf/ b'j} ljBfnodf cWoog/ t Ps xhf/ kf“r ;o a9L ljBfyL{nfO{ b'O{ j6fsf b/ n] tLg xhf/ lj?jf ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] xf] . sfo{qmdsf nflu l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªn] sfutL, sk'/ , w'kL, kfl/ hft, u'ndf] x/ , cdnf, sk'/ , bfnlrgL, l6d'/ , sNsLnufotsf k|hfltsf tLg xhf/ la?jf ljBfnonfO{ lgMz'Ns pknAw u/ fPsf] l8lehg jg sfof{no bfªsf k|d'v l8lehg jg clws[t df] xgk|;fb >] i7n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . la?jf nufpg] 7fp“,

If] qkmn / ljBfyL{x?sf] rfxgf cg';f/ ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] Hof] ltk'~h cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfno 3f] / fxL bfªsf ;dfh / ljBfno ;Fu;“u} sfo{qmdsf ;+of] hs w|'a/ fh kf} 8] nn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . ljBfyL{x?df hn, h+un / hldgk|lt :g] x / fvL jftfj/ 0f ;+/ If0f / k|j4{gdf ;r] tgf Nofpgsf nflu Hof] ltk'~hdf cWoog/ t ljBfyL{nfO{ la?jf 3/ d} nu] / cleefejsf] ;xof] udf / f] Kg] / ;+/ If0f ug] { sfd ;'? ul/ Psf] Hof] ltk'~h cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .

j6f k|lqmofdf / x] sf] , : jf: Yo ;d: of;DjGwL ( dWo] & j6f ;dfwfg ePsf] ] , h] n;DjGwLsf # j6fdWo] @ j6f ;dfwfg / Pp6f k|lqmofdf / x] sf] / j} b] lzs / f] huf/ Ldf uPsf ;Dks{ljxLg ePsf @) dWo] !@ j6f ;dfwfg ePsf] / * s] z k|lqmofdf / x] sf 5g\ . lhNnfdf @ ;o !* ;d: of k|fKt ePsf] df ! ;o % j6f ;dfwfg ePsf 5g\ . 3f] / fxLsf &# dWo] #) ;dfwfg ePsf 5g\ . t'n;Lk'/ sf ^^ dWo ## ;dfwfg ePsf 5g\ . ndxLsf !* dWo] !! ;dfwfg, aaO{sf @* dWo] !$ cGo kflnsfsf

#@ dWo] !& s] z ;dfwfg ePsf 5g\ . ;'/ lIft cfk|jf;g kl/ of] hgfn] lhNnfdf @ s/ f] 8 %$ nfv @@ xhf/ ^ ;o !( ?k} of“ larf} lnofsf] xftdf guO{ l;w} kLl8t kl/ jf/ df k7fPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . h;dWo] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfdf ! s/ f] 8 ^! nfv *^ xhf/ & ;o *@ ?k} of“, t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfdf %* nfv *# xhf/ * ;o %& ?k} of“, ndxL gu/ kflnsfdf & nfv, aaO{ ufp“kflnsfdf ! nfv @) xhf/ / bfªsf cGo kflnsfdf @% nfv #@ xhf/ ?k} of“ kLl8tn] kfPsf 5g\ .

ljdfn]v x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] g]kfn nfO{km OG:of]/]G; sDkgLaf6 hf/L ePsf] ladfn]v, P;=Pn=;Lsf ;l6{lkms]6 / ±@ sf dfu{l;6 ;fl6{kmLs]6nufot dxTjk"0f{ sfuhftx? @)&( h]7 % ut] t'n;Lk'/af6 lahf}/L hfFb} ubf{ x/fPsf]n] ladfn]v / sfuhftx? e]6fpg'x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhs}sf] k|x/L sfof{no jf g]kfn nfO{km OG:of]/]G; sDkgL ln=sf] h'g;'s} zfvf sfof{nox? Pj+ lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ u/fO lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M /d]z jnL ljdfn]v g+= M $#%))))$@ 7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–&, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*%&*@&&)&

S

cfhsf] /fzLkmn @)&(.)#.@@ ut] a'waf/ ltlyM cfiff9 z'Sn ;KtdL, gIfqM pQ/fkmfNu'gL

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

3f] / fxL, @! c;f/ .

3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] bfª lhNnf t] SjfGbf] ;+3nfO{ v] n cEof;sf nflu v] n ;fdu|L x: tfGt/ 0f u/ ] sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v g?nfn rf} w/ Ln] t] SjfGbf] ;+3sf cWoIf lji0f' clwsf/ L;lxtsf v] nf8Lx?nfO{ d+unaf/ sfo{qmd u/ L v] n cEof;sf nflu Dof6 x: tfGt/ 0f ug'{ePsf] xf] . gu/ k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] 3f] / fxLnfO{ v] n ko{6gsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ kflnsfn] rfx] sf] atfpg'eof] . h;sf nflu kflnsfn] v] ns'b ljsf; k|a4{g sld6L u7g u/ L ;a} v] ns'bsf] ljsf;df nufgL ug] { hfgsf/ L u/ fpg'eof] . kflnsfsf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf klg of] ljifo ;dfj] z ul/ Psfn] v] n If] qsf

z'4 kfgL rflxPdf

e08f/L jf6/ ;Knfo;{

lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf], #)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 . ;Dks{ : yfgM )*@–%^##(#, (*!***%(&# 3f]/fxL–* -gofF a;kfs{b]lv klZrd_ bfª

!% jif{ k'/fgf] aaf;L/ c:ktfn ljgf ck/]zg dx]zL, kfON; -Pails_, gf;"/ (Fistulla_ aaf;L/, xfO8«f];Ln, lkm;/, dnåf/df df;' knfPsf], lb;f ubf{ ut b]lvPsf], k'?if cG8sf]if a9]sf], kfgL eg]{ cflb /f]usf] ljgf ck/]zg cf} iflwåf/f !))Ü Uof/]G6Lsf ;fy pkrf/ul/G5 .

+ 8f=kL= d08n +

7]ufgf M s[i0fgu/ af]8{/ lbNnL hfg] a;kfs{sf] 5]pFdf -/fh' zfxLsf] ;6/df_ a9gL . a'wjf/ lSnlgs aGb /xg]5 . ;Dks{ M (*!!(*$@&), (*^#^%*#)) gf]6 M 8fS6/ e]6\gsf nflu kmf]g u/]/ cfpg'xf]nf . /f]u lgsf] gePdf k};f lkmtf{ x'g]5 .

nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb| Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

6\ofª\s/af6 kfgL

#)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] kfgL, z'4 kfgL lkpg, lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{, ljjfx a|taGw, 3/fo;L k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZos k/]df 6\of+s/af6 ;:tf] d"Nodf pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf 5 .

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M ljZjf;kfqaf6 wf]sf gxf];, ;r]t /xg'xf];\ .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M j}b]lzs sfo{x?df ;kmntf /xg ;Sg]5 .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_M af}l4s If]q, n]vg snfdf pGglt / z'elrGtssf] ;fy /xg]5 .

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M

d]xgtsf] /fd|f] kl/0ffd k|fKt x'g ;Sg]5 .

;Dks{ M (*$&*@(!^^, (*)!(&(@@*

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M cfdfsf] dfWodaf6 sfd aGg ;Sg] of]u 5 . ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M d]xgtsf] kmn c?nfO{ ;'Dkg' kg]{ cj:yf cfpg ;Sg]5 . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M cj;/ k|fKt x'g'sf ;fy} sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ ;lsg]5 . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M

wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M

cf/=;L= ;Knfo;{ P08 jf6/ k|'lkm+u

ljutsf] ;kmntfn] yk sfo{ xf};nf a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

kmfObfsf nflu glhlsg]n] ;d:of k'¥ofpg ;Sg]5g\ .

ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M c?sf] ;xof]u ubf{ cfkm}nfO{ /fd|f] x'g ;Sg]5 .

s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M k'/fgf ;d:ofx?n] pT;fx hufpg ;Sg]5 . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M

k|ltlIft glthf pknAw x'g ;Sg]5 .

wf}n' kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb| 3f]/fxL, bfª

3f]/fxL, bfª

xfd|f ;]jfx?M 5t r'lxPdf, h8fgaf6 kfgL lns ePdf, kfgL 6\+ofsL r'lxPdf, :jLldª k'n tyf c08/ u|fp08df jf6/ k|'km ug'{k/]df ;fy} lns]h ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd ug'{k/]df ;w} ;Demg'xf];\ .

k|f]= xl/ /fgf

kmf]g g+= M (*%*)@$@(&

;a} lj1 / hfgsf/ x?sf] l6d tof/ u/ L v] n k|a4{gdf nfUg] ljZjf; lbnfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] tLg nfvsf] nfutdf ;o yfg Dof6 pknAw u/ fPsf] 5 . t] SjfGbf] ;+3sf cWoIf clwsf/ Ln] lhNnf v] ns'bdf gof“ k': tfsf] cfsif{0f a9\b} uPsf] a] nf : yfgLo ;/ sf/ sf] v] ns'b k|a4{gsf nflu ;fy ;xof] u ckl/ xfo{ / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . bfª lhNnf t] SjfGbf] ;+3df klxnf] k6s o;/ L v] n ;fdu|L x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] xf] . bfª lhNnf t] SjfGbf] ;+3sf pkfWoIf ltns emf“qmL, k|lzIfsx? / fs] z kl/ of/ , lj?efO ah|frfo{, t] haxfb'/ kl/ of/ nufotsf] pkl: yltdf ;xof] u x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] xf] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f lhG;L zfvf k|d'v pd] z zdf{n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

;dfrf/

afnaflnsfdf yl/yl/sf SofG;/ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, @! c;f/ . g] kfndf jflif{s b'O{ xhf/ eGbf a9L afnaflnsfnfO{ ljleGg lsl;dsf] SofG;/ x'g] u/ ] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . sf7df8f} +df ePsf] …afnaflnsfnfO{ x'g] SofG;/ / f] usf] / f] syfd;DaGwL ;r] tgf sfo{qmdÚ df jQmfx¿n] a;] {lg ljZje/ tLg nfv tyf g] kfndf b'O{ xhf/ eGbf a9L afnaflnsfnfO{ ljleGg lsl;dsf SofG;/ x'g] u/ ] sf] atfPsf x'g\ . sfo{qmddf xl/ l;l4l: yt g] kfn SofG;/ xl: k6n PG8 l/ ;r{ ;] G6/ sL 8f= c~hnL kl08tn] afnaflnsfnfO{ a9L dfqfdf / utsf] SofG;/ x'g] u/ ] sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] / utafx] s dl: tis tyf 9f8, u|GyL, cf“vf, x8\8L, lduf{} nf, df+;k] zLnufotdf SofG;/ x'g] b] lvPsf] atfpg'eof] .

8f= kl08tn] 3f“6Ldf uf“7f]

b] lvg', lu+hfaf6 / ut cfpg', cf“vfdf wAafx¿ b] lvg', ufnfdf 6\o'd/ b] lvg'nufot SofG;/ sf nIf0fx¿ ePsfn] o;sf] ;dod} pkrf/ ug'{kg] {df hf] 8 lbg'eof] . pxf“n] ;dod} SofG;/ kQf nufpg ;s] pkrf/ n] lgsf] x'g] ;d] t hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

8f= kl08tn] afnaflnsfdf x'g] SofG;/ dWo] afnsnfO{ tLg jif{ / aflnsfnfO{ b'O{ jif{df pkrf/ u/ L lgsf] kfg{ ;lsg] pNn] v ug'{eof] . sf7df8f} + d] l8sn sn] h PG8 lzIf0f c: ktfnsf 8f= cflzifnfn >] i7n] afnaflnsfdf x'g] SofG;/ sf] pkrf/ g] kfndf g} ;Dej 5 eGg'eof] ] . …a] n} df / f] usf] hf“r / lgbfg ePdf afn SofG;/ k"0f{ ¿kdf lgsf] x'G5,Ú pxf“n] hf] 8 lbg''eof] .

8fS6/ >] i7n] ue{jtL cj: yfdf dBkfg tyf w'd|kfg ugf{n] , ljsL/ 0f tyf / ;fogsf sf/ 0fn] , k|b"lift jftfj/ 0f tyf

cTolws sL6gfzssf] k|of] un] / uef{j: yfdf e|"0fdf b] vf k/ ] sf] j+zf0f'ut c;Gt'ngn] afnaflnsfdf SofG;/ sf] ;d: of x'g] u/ ] sf] b] lvG5 eGg'eof] . pxf“n] SofG;/ ePsf afnaflnsfsf cleefjsdf hgr] tgf km} nfpg g;Sbf o;sf] pkrf/ df sdL cfPsf] pNn] v ug'{eof] . nfoG; Sna ckm OG6/ g] zgn l8li6«s #@% Prsf l8li6«s ueg{/ lbg] zk|;fb >] i7n] afnaflnsfdf x'g] SofG;/ nfO{ ;dodf klxrfg ug{ ;s] pkrf/ ;Dej 5 eGg'eof] ] . ;f] xL ;+: yfsf afNo cj: yfsf] SofG;/ ;r] tgf sfo{qmdsf ;+of] hs ljsf;dfg l;+xn] g] kfndf afn SofG;/ sf] cj: yf eofjx / x] sf] t/ pkrf/ sf nflu lgs} sd dfqfdf : jf: Yo ;+: yfdf k'Ug] u/ ] sf] / k'u] sfx¿dWo] klg #) k|ltztn] dfq pkrf/ df lg/ Gt/ tf lbg] u/ ] sf] atfpg'eof] .

ljkb\kLl8tnfO{ aLdf /sd e'QmfgL o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

%# ljkb\kLl8tdWo] #( hgfn] / sd k|fKt ul/ ;s] sf 5g\Ú, pxf“n] s0ff{nL, @! c;f/ . eGg'eof] – …!$ d[ts kl/ jf/ nfO{ s0ff{nL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] / fli6«o lbg af“sL 5 / pgLx¿sf] klg aLdf sDkgLdfkm{t oxf“sf ca l5§} e'QmfgL x'“b} 5 .Ú d[ts ljkb\kLl8tnfO{ &* nfv aLdf kl/ jf/ tyf : yfgLo txaf6} / sd pknAw u/ fPsf] 5 . sltko kmfOn l9nf cfp“bf / k|b] z ;/ sf/ cfGtl/ s ljkb\af6 d[To' x'g] sf] ;+Vof ylk+b} dfldnf tyf sfg'g dGqfnon] hf“bf kLl8t ;a} sf] Ps} rf] 6L rfn' cfly{s @)&*÷&( e'QmfgL x'g g;s] sf] pxf“n] sf] ut ;fpg ! ut] b] lv atfpg'eof] . / fli6«o aLdf sDkgL c;f/ ;Dd af9L–klx/ f] , r6] ofª, s0ff{nL k|b] zsf k|d'v lzj/ fh cfunfuLh: tf ljleGg ljkb\af6 la;Ln] #( d[tssf ;a} v'Ng] Hofg u'dfpg] d[ts kl/ jf/ sf sfuhft cfO;s] sfn] ;DalGwt #( hgf xsjfnfnfO{ &* nfv xsjfnfnfO{ e'QmfgL ul/ Psf] / e'QmfgL u/ ] sf] xf] . oxf“sf kf“rhgfsf] s] xL sfuhft gk'u] sf] !& nfv gful/ snfO{ ljkb\ atfpg'eof] . cf7hgfsf] ev{/ } ;fd"lxs b'3{6gf aLdf u/ ] cg';f/ cfjZos sfuhft k|fKt ePsfn] aLdf / sd pknAw u/ fOPsf] ;a} k|df0f x] / ] / hlt;Sbf] rf“8f] dGqfnosf ;lrj lbg] z;fu/ e'QmfgL lbOg] k|b] z k|d'v la;Ln] e';fnn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . hgfpg'eof] . …clxn] ;Dd xfdLsxf“ cfPsf cfGtl/ s dfldnf dGqfno

ljkb\ Joj: yfkg zfvfsf k|d'v s[i0faxfb'/ / f] sfon] rfn' cfj @)&*÷&( df ljkb\af6 ;a} eGbf a9L hfh/ sf] 6df !& hgfsf] af9L / klx/ f] af6 Hofg uPsf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . To: t} x'Dnfdf af9L, klx/ f] / xfjfx'/ Laf6 ;ft, sflnsf] 6df klx/ f] / eL/ af6 v;] / kf“rhgfsf] d[To' ePsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . zfvf k|d'v / f] sfosf cg';f/ ;'v] {tdf af9Laf6 kf“r, h'Dnfdf cfunfuLaf6 rf/ / ?s'dklZrddf af9Laf6 tLg, b} n] v b'O{, 8f] Nkfdf klx/ f] , d'u'df lxdklx/ f] / ;Nofgdf r6\ofªaf6 Ps–Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] …ljkb\ hf] lvd aLdf;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&^Ú cg';f/ ljkb\af6 d[To' ePsf kl/ jf/ sf nflu ?= b'O{ nfv / cfjf; aLdfcGtu{t ?= kf“r nfv pknAw u/ fpg] pNn] v 5 .

!( lbgdf===

n] vf lgoGqssf] sfof{nosf] tYofªsjf6 b] lvPsf] 5 .

@(( ah] 6 vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . !! dlxgfdf @& s/ f] 8 ## nfv &! xhf/ vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . :jf:Yo, hg;+Vof tyf kl/ jf/ sNof0f dGqfnon] %$ s/ f] 8 () nfv ^( xhf/ , phf{, hn;|f] t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno $$ s/ f] 8 # nfv %^ xhf/ , lzIff, lj1fg, o'jftyf v] ns'b dGqfnon] #^ s/ f] 8 $^ nfv #! xhf/ / s[lif, vfB k|ljlw tyf e"ld ;'wf/ dGqfnon] @* s/ f] 8 !& nfv #) xhf/ (#& ?k} ofF c;f/ sf] !( lbgdf vr{ u/ ] sf 5g\ . ;f] xL cjlwdf jg, jftfj/ 0f tyf e"–;+/ If0f

of}g tyf k|hgg\ / lgM;Gtfgkg ;DaGwL la/fdLx?sf] nflu v'zLsf] vj/ s] tkfOFx? of}g /f]u tyf dlxnfx?df b]vf kg]{ k|hgg\ ;DaGwL ;d:ofx?, lgM;Gtfgkg Pj+ afhf]kg ;DaGwL ;d:ofx?df x'g'x'G5 < obL To:tf ;d:ofx? 5g\ eg] ç wgjGt/L cfo'j]{b xl:k6n k|f=ln= sf7df8f}+sf tyf rlr{t 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd /ft k/]kl5sf k/fd;{bftf 8f= lj=s]= ld>fåf/f oxL c;f/ @! ut]sf lbg :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/g] x'Fbf ;dod} gfd n]vfO{ cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ . pkrf/ ;]jfx? M of}g /f]u M zL3| ktg, wft' v:g] , of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL , of}g c+usf] ljsf; gePsf] , of}g OR5fdf sdL, ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of}gL lrnfpg], tNnf] k]6 b'Vg], dlxgfjf/L u8j8L, l;kmln;, ugf]l/of tyf cGo of}ghGo /f]ux? / xdf]g{ n ;d:ofx?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ ;]jf . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg tyf afemf]kgsf] ljz]if k|f/fd;{ tyf pkrf/ ;]jf lj/fdL hf“Rg] ldlt M @)&( c;f/ @! ut] ;do M laxfg !) ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd

dftf dgsfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb|

dGqfnon] @) s/ f] 8 ## nfv !% xhf/ , pBf] u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] $ s/ f] 8 ^$ nfv % xhf/ , cfGtl/ s dfldnf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnon] # s/ f] 8 &% nfv #& xhf/ , >d / f] huf/ tyf oftfoft Joj:yfdGqfnon] @ s/ f] 8 *@ xhf/ / cfly{s dfldnf tyf ;xsf/ L dGqfnon] ! s/ f] 8 #% nfv !! xhf/ ah] 6 vr{ u/ ] sf 5g\ . otf sfg'g, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf h] i7 gful/ s dGqfnon] eg] ;a} eGbf sd c;f/ sf] !( lbgdf !^ nfv *# xhf/ dfq} ah] 6 vr{ u/ ] sf] k|b] z

e}+;LnfO{===

ufp“kflnsf, lqa] 0fL ufp“kflnsf nufotsf laleGg kflnsfx?df e} +;LkfngnfO{ Jofj;flos agfp“b} b"wdf cfTdlge{/ agfpgsf nflu pGgt hftsf e} +;L ljt/ 0f nufotsf ljleGg sfo{ ub} { cfPsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] e} +;Lsf] 3f“;, bfgfkfgL, uf] 7sf] plrt Joj: yfkg, : ofxf/ nufotsf laleGg kIfdf Wofg lbg ;lsPdf b"w pTkfbgdf yk a[l4 ug{ ;lsg] atfpg'eof] .

;Dk"0f{ pkef]Qmf ju{x?df 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no bfªsf] cg'/f]w tkfOFn] s'g} j:t' jf ;]jf vl/b ub}{ x'g'x'G5 eg] vl/b ug'{ k"j{ oL s'/fx?df Wofg lbg'xf]; l btf{jfnf Joj;foLx?af6 dfq lrh j:t' vl/b ug'{xf];\ . l pBf]u Joj;fosf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ :yfgdf ;fOgaf]8{, pTkfbssf] gfd 7]ufgf, Kofg÷Eof6 cflb btf{ sfuhft 5g\ 5}gg\ x]/f}+ . l cf}iflw, cf}iflwhGo kbfy{ Pj+ cGo pkef]Uo j:t'df n]an, j:t'sf] d"No;"rL, gfktf}n, pkef]Uo ldlt cflb hfFra'em u/]/ dfq vl/b laqmL u/f}+ . l j:t' pTkfbg lznlznfdf k|of]u ePsf sRrf kbfy{ e08f/0f ljlw pkef]u tl/sf / ;/;kmfO 5, 5}g x]/f}+ . l j:t' tyf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ lan kfpg' pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ xf] clgjfo{ ?kdf Kofg jf Eof6 lan lng], lbg] u/f}+ . l cvfB jf sD;n pkef]Uo j:t'af6 xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] ePdf ;DalGwt lhNnf Ifltk"lt{ ;ldlt, :yfgLo k|x/L sfof{no, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no jf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{nodf ph'/L u/f}+ . l pkef]Qmf lxt ljk/Lt sfo{ ePsf] yfxf kfPdf gful/s vj/bf/L u/L c;n pkef]Qmfsf] klxrfg lbnfcf}+ . l pBf]uL Jofj;foLn] klg Jofkf/;Fu} s';n Jojxf/ u/L c;n Jofj;foLsf] klxrfg lbnfcf}+ .

3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, bfª

lxdfnog a}+s;Fu Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, (*%&*@#@**, (*$&*&&!!$ g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf] t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;fljs r}nfxL uf=lj=;= j8f g+= % xfn u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= & a: g] 7fu'/fd rf}w/Lsf] gflt g]kfn' rf}w/Lsf] kTgL tyf 5f]/f÷a'xf/Lx? qmdzM b/af/L rf}w/L, t]h/fd rf}w/L, lzanIdL rf}w/L, dfof/fd rf}w/L, laGb'/fd rf}w/L, cfzf/fd rf}w/L, /fdbofn rf}w/L / Zofdaxfb'/ rf}w/L ;d]t hgf–* n] klt tyf afa' g]kfn' rf}w/Lsf] gfddf ePsf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] hUuf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfuhgL eO hnL gi6 ePsfn] >]:tfsfod u/L xfdL lgj]bsx?sf gfddf ;+oQ ' m gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)&*.!!.!* df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' ePsf] x'bF f pQm hUufsf] lgj]bs / c? s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP jf lgj]bssf] gfddf gfd;f/L x'g' gkg{] eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] #% -k} lt;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;r" gf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n

uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd r}nfxL %s ^^# )–)–* g]kfn' rf}w/L ;fy} o;df lgj]bsx?sf] klt tyf afa' g]kfn' rf}w/Lsf] ldlt @)^&.)%.)% df d[To' ePsf] d[ts h=w=sf h]7L kTgL k|;lbof rf}w/Lsf] ldlt @)^&.)^.@% df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] dfOnf 5f]/f dgL/fd rf}w/Lsf] ldlt @)&^.)*.)( df d[To' ePsf] ;Ssn h=w= k|=k"hf{ gePsf] d[ts h=w=sf kTgL tyf 5f]/fa'xf/Lx? qmdz M b/af/L rf}w/L, t]h/fd rf}w/L, lzanIdL rf}w/L, dfof/fd rf}w/L, laGb'/fd rf}w/L, cfzf/fd rf}w/L, /fdbofn rf}w/L / Zofdaxfb'/ rf}w/L ;d]t hgf–* sf gfddf ;+oQ ' m gfd;f/L x'g' kg]{ xf] jf xf]Og ;f] ;DaGwdf sf]xL s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

3f]/fxL, bfª -3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]s dx/f k]6«f]n kDkaf6 leqhfg] uNnLdf_

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_

CMYK

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@)&( ;fn c;f/ @@ ut] a'wjf/ (Jul 6, 2022)

s'/fsfgL

3f]/fxL vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yfsf] oxL c;f/ @% ut] lgjf{rg x'“b}5 . o;} ;Gbe{df k|:t't 5, cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ b]jLaxfb'/ l8=;L= / gf/fo0fk|;fb e';fn;“u ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k .

@$ ;} 306f wf/fdf kfgL Ps k6s df}sf lbg';\, cfpg] u/fpg d]/f] pDd]bjf/L xfdL u/]/ b]vfp“5f}+

vf;df d} n] pDd] bjf/ L lbg nfu] sf] ;a} sf wf/ fdf @$ ;} 306f kfgL cfpg] u/ fpg xf] . klxnf oxf“ kfgL lyPg . b'O jif{ cl3;Dd klg 3f] / fxL– !$ sf ljleGg 6f] ndf kfgL cefj lyof] . clxn] vfg k'Ug] kfgL ;a} sf wf/ fdf cfPsf] 5 . z'?df !# s/ f] 8sf] of] hgf ;DkGg eof] kfgL k|z: t k'u] g . km] l/ ;ft s/ f] 8sf] of] hgf ;DkGg ul/ of] , To;n] klg a9\bf] zx/ Ls/ 0fsf sf/ 0f kfgL 5fNbf] kmfNbf] x'g ;s] g . olta] nf ajO{ lnkm\l6ªsf] of] hgf cl3 a9] sf] 5 . Toxf“ kf“rj6f ;ej] n agfOg] 5 . Pp6f af] l/ ª ;kmn eO;Sof] . Ps ;] s] 08df #% ln6/ kfgL cfPsf] 5 . kf“rj6faf6 Ps ;o &% ln6/ kfgL cfpg] 5 .

To;nfO{ lkmN6/ k|zf] wg ug] { ;+/ rgfsf nflu 3f] / fxL ;ftn] hldg lbO;s] sf] 5 . aaO{sf] kfgL hDdf ug{ / fjtufp“ : s'n glhs cf7– bz nfv ln6/ Ifdtfsf] c08/ u|fp08 6+sL aGg] 5 . Toxf“sf] kfgL lnkm\6af6 lem+uf} / f kmflng] 5 . Toxf“af6 kf“rj6f k'/ fgf / Pp6f rf/ nfv %) xhf/ ln6/ sf] gof“ cf] e/ x] 8 6+sLdf k7fOg] 5 . ?s'dsf] 6 k'l8of 3/ k5fl8sf] 6+sLdf tLg nfv ln6/ xflnG5 . 9f] 8] gL 6+sLdf klg xflng] 5 . ;] jf/ vf] nf ;ej] naf6 k|lt;] s] 08 @) ln6/ kfgL cfPsf] 5 . s6'jf vf] nfsf] clxn] sf] ;|f] t sd eof] eg] jf ;'Sof] e] g] klg ca km/ s kg] {5} g . s6'jf vf] nfdf ldgL xfO8\ofd x'“b} 5 . ;ej] nsf] l8hfOg ePsf] 5 . k|lt;] s] 08 %) ln6/ kfgL cfpg] 5 .

To;f] ubf{ b'O{ ;o %) ln6/ hDdf x'G5 . clxn] Ps ;o #) ln6/ cfO/ x] sf] 5 . o;/ L ;a} ;|f] tsf] kfgL of] hgfdf xfNbf k|lt;] s] 08 tLg ;o *) ln6/ x'g] 5 . of] kfgLn] 3f] / fxLdf k|z: t k'Ug] 5 . of] of] hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 $) jif{;Dd s'g} ;d: of cfp“b} g . hlt g} a: tL a9] klg 9'Ss;“u @$ ;} 306f kfgL lbg ;lsG5 . of] d} n] u/ fPsf] l8hfOg xf] . of] of] hgf k"/ f u/ ] / dfq} dg{ kfP x'GYof] eGof 5' .

b] jLaxfb'/ l8;L

d} n] pkef] QmfnfO{ kfgL v'jfP/ dfq} c?nfO{ ;'lDkG5' eg] sf] 5' . o; afx] s dnfO{ c? s'g} : jfy{ 5} g . olt 7"nf] cfof] hgf k"/ f ug{ kfP x'g] lyof] . d] / f] sfo{sfndf ;Demf} tf, Sjfln6L o'Qm kfgL v'jfPkl5 5f] 8\5' . d af“r'Gh] n kbdf g/ x] klg 3f] / fxLsf] vfg] kfgLdf Wofg / xG5 . dnfO{ ;a} yfxf 5 . hf“Rg] , kfOk s'g cj: yfdf 5 sxf“sxf“ 5 dnfO{ yfx 5 . dnfO{ lghL : jfy{sf] nf] e x'g] eP t dfl;s ;'ljwf lng] ;+: yfsf] ljwfgdf Joj: yf ul/ Psf] 5 . d}n] lng ;Sy] . d} n] vfPkl5 c? kbflwsf/ L / ;b: onfO{ klg lbg'kb{Yof] .

To;/ L vfP dfl;s tLg÷rf/ nfv ef/ ylkGYof] . d} n] @)^) ;fnd} kbflwsf/ Ln] dfl;s ;'ljwf glng] eg] / lg0f{o u/ fP“ .

To;/ L vfg' pkef] Qmfdf cGofo cTofrf/ u/ ] sf] x'GYof] . k} ;f t pkef] Qmfsf] xf] lg < lg:jfy{ eP/ kIfkft gu/ L sfd u/ ] sf] 5' . clxn] !* jif{ eof] df] jfOndf Ps ?k} of“sf] l/ rfh{ ;+: yfsf] k} ;fn] u/ ] sf] 5} g . / flt !@ ah] kmf] g cfP klg p7fp“5' ;] jf lbG5' . wf/ fdf kfgL cfOg eg] 6\of+s/ df af] sfP/ eP klg kfgL v'jfPsf] 5' . Sjfln6Lo'Qm kfgL ;a} sf] wf/ fdf @$ ;} 306f cfpg] agfpg] afx] s d]/f] csf] { : jfy{ 5} g .

3/ 38]/L laqmLdf 3f] / fxL–!% l8=s] = k] 6«f] n kDkb] lv afndlGb/ hfg] af6f] df leqkl§ ^ ld6/ lkraf6f] ePsf] gj laxfgL 6f] ndf / x] sf] cfsif{s 3/ 38] / L laqmLdf====== @) xftdf ag] sf] 3/ / @) xft vfnL 38] / L lk5jf8 %) xft ePsf] If] qkmn nueu ! s7\7f * w'/ 3/ / 38] / L 5'§f5'§} klg laqmL ug{ ;lsg] . kfls{ªsf] ;'ljwf ePsf] 3/ 38] / L laqmLdf .

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