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zf;g ;~rfngdf d]xgt / g}lts lhDd]jf/L /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgnfO{ ult b]pm n'lDagL kb] zsf] /fhwfgL 3f] if0ff ePsf] Ps jif{ k'Ub} 5 . ut jif{ c;f] h @) ut] kb] zsf] gfdfs/0f n'lDagL / /fhwfgL /fKtL pkTosf -b] pv'/ L_ tf] lsPsf] lyof] . /fhwfgL 3f] if0ffsf] Ps jif{ k'Ug} nfUbf klg :yfoL /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgn] vf;} ult lng ;ls/x] sf] 5} g . clxn] b] pv'/ Ldf kb] z /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkg sfof{no v'n] sf] 5 eg] Pp6f dGqfno klg cfPsf] 5 . ut c;f/df :yfkgf ul/Psf] ufdL0f tyf zx/L ljsf; dGqfno sfdljxLg x'Fbf ;'g;fg /x] sf] / clwsf+z sd{rf/L a'6jn uP/} sfdsfh ul//x] sf] va/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . ah] 6 lgdf{0fsf nflu dGqfnosf clwsf/L / sd{rf/Lx? a'6jn uPsf] elgPsf] 5 . :yfoL /fhwfgL:yndf al;;s] sf] dGqfnosf sfdsfd d'sfdaf6 ug'{nfO{ /fdf] eGg ;lsb} g . o;n] st} /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgdf ljnDa x'g] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf klg l;h{gf u/] sf] 5 . oBlk kb] z;efsf] ;efxn lgdf{0f eO/x] sf] / kb] z ;/sf/n] ev{/ } dfq} ufdL0f tyf zx/L ljsf; dGqLnfO{ /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;+of] hs klg tf] s] sfn] of] dGqfnonfO{ k'gM :yfoL /fhwfgL:ynd} ;lqmo agfpFb} /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgsf] sfdnfO{ ult lbg h?/L 5 . kb] z;ef, d'VodGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no, ;Dk"0f{ dGqfno, ljefu tyf lgb] {zgfnox? a'6jnd} /x] sfn] Pp6} dGqfno dfq :yfoL /fhwfgLdf /fVg' vf;} Aofjxfl/s lg0f{o lyPg . of] ;Fu} cGo b'O{ tLgj6f dGqfno / ;a} dGqfnosf slDtdf Ps÷Psj6f lgb] {zgfno b] pv'/ L Nofpg ;s] sf] eP of] dGqfnonfO{ sfd ug{ klg ;xh x'g] lyof] . To;tkm{ cl3Nnf] / clxn] sf] b'a} ;/sf/sf] Wofg hfg ;s] sf] b] lvPg . /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkg sfof{no b] pv'/ Ldf /flvPsf] 5 t/ Tof] ufdL0f tyf zx/L ljsf; dGqfnosf] dftxt g/fv] / d'VodGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nodftxt /flvPsfn] ufdL0f tyf zx/L ljsf; dGqfno sfdljxLg ag] sf] kSsf xf] . ca o;af6 kf7 l;s] / slDtdf b] pv'/ Ldf /x] sf sfof{nonfO{ b] pv'/ Ldf /x] sf] dGqfnodftxt Nofpg] / k'gM dGqfnosf clwsf/L tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ b] pv'/ Ld} kmsf{P/ sfdsfh cl3 a9fpg l9nf ug'{x'Fb} g . /fKtL kfljlws lzIffno nfndl6ofaf6 cGoq x:tfGt/0f ug] { gLltut lg0f{o ul/Psf] eP klg o;sf] klqmofn] ult lng ;s] sf] 5} g . z} lIfs If] qnfO{ cGoq ;f/] / kb] z /fhwfgL /fVg x'GYof] ls x'GgYof] eGg] ax; klg 3'O/f] –3'O/f] gp7] sf] xf] Og t/ /fHon] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ h'g sfdsf nflu nufpFbf kmfObf b] V5, To;df nufpg kfpF5 . To;f] t of] ax; ca k'/ fgf] klg eO;s] sf] 5 . ca hlt;Sbf] rfF8f] /fKtL kfb] lzs lzIffnosf] :yfgfGt/0f klqmof k"/ f u/] / :yfoL /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgnfO{ ult lbg'k5{ . o;sf nflu /fhwfgL:yn If] qsf :yfgLo txx? uDeL/tfsf ;fy nfu] sf 5g\ . /fKtL, u9jf / zLtu+ufn] ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] vf] hL / x:tfGt/0fsf nflu cfjZos klqmof k"/ f ul/;s] sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] klg cem} ug'{kg] { sfd 5 eg] s'g} sdL cfpg lbg'x'Fb} g / :yfoL /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgnfO{ ult lbg ;xof] u ug'{k5{ . :yfgLo hgtfsf] tkm{af6 klg cfjZos va/bf/L / ;xof] u hf/L /fVg'k5{ . kb] z;efsf] cfufdL lxpFb] clwj] zg b] pv'/ Ld} /fVg] u/L kb] z /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgnfO{ kfyldstf lbg h?/L 5 . To;sf ;fy} k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fnfO{ tLatf lbP/ dGqfnox? klg hlt;Sbf] rfF8f] :yfoL /fhwfgLdf ;fg'{ cfjZos 5, h;n] kb] z /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgnfO{ :yfloTj lbg ;Sg] 5 . h;/L n'lDagL kb] zdf /fhwfgL 3f] if0ff ug{ h'g j} wflgs ljlw ckgfOPsf] 5, h;/L kb] zsf] kfoskg] { :yfgdf /fhwfgL tf] lsPsf] 5, ToxL ultnfO{ sfod /fVb} :yfoL /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgdf klg sdL cfpg lbg'x'Fb} g . To;f] t /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgsf] ;jfndf kb] z ;/sf/;Fu b'O{vfnsf r'gf} tL 5g\ .

Psflt/ hlt;Sof] rfF8f] :yfoL /fhwfgLaf6 sfdsfh yfNg'kg] { bfloTj 5 eg] csf] {lt/ gofF e"uf] n ePsfn] oxfFsf] e"ld Aoj:yfkg, jftfj/0f ;+/ If0fnufot j:tL ljsf;sf dfkb08 kfngf u/] / gd"gf /fhwfgL agfpg'kg] { cfjZostf klg plQs} 5 . rfx] ;+3Lo /fhwfgL sf7df8f} +sf] ;jfn xf] ;\, rfx] cGo b] z / kb] zsf /fhwfgL lsg gxf] pg\, /fhwfgLnfO{ /fhwfgLh:tf] agfpg] lgs} 7"nf] r'gf} tL x'G5 . /fhwfgL :yfkgf;Fu} :jtM hg3gTj a9\g] ePsfn] Aojl:yt j:tL ljsf; o;sf] dxTjk"0f{ zt{ xf] . hlt 7"nf] a:tL a;] klg vfg] kfgL, cfjf;, kmf] xf] / d} nf Aoj:yfkgnufosf If] qdf Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 . ef] ln a:tL al;;s] kl5 lrGtf jf u'gf;f] ug'{eGbf clxn] b] lv g} slDtdf cfufdL ;o jif{;Ddsf] hg3gTjnfO{ Wofg lbP/ kfb] lzs /fhwfgL Aoj:yfkgsf] sfd cl3 a9fpg'k5{ . /fdf] agfpg] gfddf l9nf eP/ hgtfdf lg/fzf pTkGg x'g] / rfF8f] ug] { gfddf h:tf] kfof] To:t} ;+/ rgf agfpFb} hfg] b'a} unt kj[lQaf6 hf] luP/ ag] sf hlt ;+/ rgfdf dGqfno / ljefux? ;fb} { hfg] , cfPsf hlt dGqfno / sfof{nonfO{ ;lqmo agfpFb} hfg] / afFsL k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ klg tLatf lbg] u/L kb] z ;/sf/n] of] hgf agfpg' h?/L 5 .

s;n] s] eg] < hol;+x wfdL ks/0fdf ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff s] xf] < To;af/] kltj] bg lbg lsg l9nf ePsf] xf] < – gf/fo0fsfhL >] i7 -g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf g] tf_ q'l6k"0f{ / lje] bsf/L ;+ljwfg ;+zf] wg ug'{k5{, ;ft kb] zsf] ;+/ rgf abNg'k5{ . lxGbLdf af] Nbf kxf8sf ;fyLx?n] , g] kfnLdf af] Nbf dw] zsf ;fyLx?nfO{ efiff a'em\g ufxf] x'G5, of] /fHo k'g;{/+ rgf unt x'bF f ePsf] xf] .

– pk] Gb ofbj -hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf cWoIf_ lg0ff{os txd} blnt, hghflt, dlxnf, d'l:nd / cNk;+Vossf] pkl:ylt a9fpg'k5{ .

– nIdL kl/of/ -sf+u] ; ;f+;b_ bnx?sf] dfgl;stf k'/ fg} 5 . ;dfj] zL gf/fdf dfq} ;Lldt 5 – nId0fnfn s0f{ -nf] ;kf g] tf_ ;j] {If0fsf] kf/lDes glthfcg';f/ b] ze/L b'O{ ltxfOeGbf a9L JolQmdf sf] le8lj?4sf] PlG6a8L ljsf; ePsf] b] lvG5 .

– 8f= s[i0fk;fb kf} 8] n -Olkl8ldof] nf] hL tyf /f] u lgoGq0f dxfzfvfsf lgb] {zs_

zf;g ;~rfngdf tLg s'/ f cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . tL tLg dxTjk"0f{ s'/ fdf klxnf] ;do xf] . ;do Hofb} b'n{e >f] t xf] . lsgls ;donfO{ g ;~ro ug{ ;lsG5, g ;fk6L lng ;lsG5 . ;donfO{ ;b'kof] u u/] nfe ldN5 gu/] To;} aaf{b x'G5 . ;donfO{ v] / hfg glbg' g} a'l4dfgL xf] . bf] ;f] dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f ;f] t xf] . ;f] tdf k"“hL, kljlw / ;fduLx? kb{5g\ . logsf] kl/rfngn] zf;gnfO{ zlQm / ult kbfg ub{5 . t] ;f] dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f d] xgt xf] . d] xgt eGgfn] dfgjLo hgzlQmn] ;do / ;f] tsf] pkof] udf no / tfn ldnfP/ pTkfbgzLn tl/sfn] sfo{ ub} { ck] lIft glthf kflKtsf nflu lg/Gt/ sfo{;Dkfbg ug'{ xf] . o;/L d] xgt ug] {df 7"nf] ;+Vofsf] dfgjLo hgzlQm ;+nUg x'g] ePsfn] kb;f] kfgdf /xg] hgzlQmsf aLrdf g} lts lhDd] jf/L axgsf] ;Gbe{ klg hf] l8g cfp“5 . To;} n] cfh rrf{ ug{ nfu] sf] ;Gbe{ zf;g ;~rfngdf d] xgt / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg;“u ;DalGwt 5 . zf;gdf d] xgt s;n] ug] { / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg s;/L ug] { kZg Hofb} cx+ 5 . xfdf] b] zsf] ;Gbe{df ;+3fTds zf;g k0ffnL ePsfn] tLg txsf ;/sf/ lqmofzLn 5g\ . To;} n] tLg} txdf ;/sf/ kd'v b] lv ;a} eGbf tNnf] txsf] sfof{nosf sfof{no ;xof] uL;Ddsf kbdf /x] sfx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] lhDd] jf/L ;Dkfbgsf nflu d] xgt ug] { / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg ug] { eGg] ?kdf a'em\g'kb{5 . tLg txsf ;/sf/nfO{ Pp6} km] ddf /fv] / eGg' kbf{ b] zsf kwfgdGqLb] lv ;a} eGbf tNnf] txsf] ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] sfof{no ;xof] uLn] ug] { d] xgt / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axgnfO{ a'em\g ;lsG5 . zf;g ;~rfngdf d] xgt ug] { kª\ ltdf g] t[Tj tx, Joj:yfkg tx / pTkfbg tx u/L tLg txsf hgzlQm kb{5g\ . lgjf{rg lht] / cfPsf] hgzlQmnfO{ g] t[Tj tx elgG5 . of] txdf kwfgdGqL ;a} eGbf dflyNnf] sfo{sf/L kb xf] . klt:kwf{df cAan ;fljt eP/ lgo'lQm kfPsf] pkNnf] txsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ Joj:yfkg tx / tNnf] txsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ pTkfbg tx elgG5 . Joj:yfkg txsf] dflyNnf] kb d'Vo ;lrj xf] . clws[t:t/b] lv d'Vo ;lrj;Ddsf] kbnfO{ Joj:yfkg txdf u0fgf ug{ ;lsG5 . pTkfbg tx eGgfn] clws[t :t/ eGbf tnsf kbx? kb{5g\ . o;/L g] t[Tj tx, Joj:yfkg tx / pTkfbg txdf /x] sf kTo] s hgzlQm cfkm"nfO{ sfg'gn] tf] s] adf] lhdsf] lhDd] jf/L ;Dkfbgdf ;l/s x'G5g\ . Joj:yfkg tx / pTkfbg txsf hgzlQmsf nflu pgLx?n] rng ug] { kb gfd / lj:t[t sfo{ljj/0f ;d] t pknAw u/fOPsf] x'G5 . zf;g ;~rfngsf lgldQ v8f ul/Psf kbx?df clwsf/ / cfb] zsf] >[+vnf dflyaf6 tn emb{5 . o;sf] dtnj

;/sf/n] ;Dkfbg u/] sf sfdx?klt ;/f] sf/jfnfsf] gh/ nflu/x] sf] x'G5 . To;} n] ;/sf/n] d'vn] af] n] / bfaL k:t't ul//fVg'kb} {g . sfdsf] glthfn] g} af] Nbf plrt x'G5 . glthf lgsfNgsf nflu z'?df rrf{ ul/P h:t} ;do, >f] t / d] xgtsf] vf“rf] kb{5 . /fhgLlts g] t[Tj efif0fdf w] / } /dfpg] t/ sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu rflxg] ;do / d] xgt gnufpg] rl/qn] ubf{ ;/sf/sf] egfO / u/fOdf cGt/ b] lvg] ub{5 .

 /d]zs'df/ clwsf/L clwsf/sf] d"n ;f] t ;/sf/ kd'v xf] . ;/sf/sf kbx?df dflyaf6 tn em/] sf] clwsf/ adf] lhd tnsf kbaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/Psf sfo{x? qmdzM dfly pSnb} ;/sf/ kd'vsf] lhDd] jf/Ldf hf] l8G5g\ . oxL /Ltn] /fli6«o nIox? kfKt x'G5g\ . To;} n] pTkfbg tx;Ddsf hgzlQmn] ;Dkfbg ug] { sfo{sf] ;DaGw ;/sf/ kd'vdf uP/ hf] l8G5 . o;/L hf] l8g] ;DaGw c6'6 /xf] ;\ eGgsf nflu tnaf6 ePsf] sfdsf] g} lts lhDd] jf/L dflysfn] axg ub} { uO{ ;/sf/ kd'v ;d] t;Ddn] axg ug{'kb{5 eGg] o; n] vsf] cf;o xf] . o;/L g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg ug] { k0ffnL :yflkt eof] eg] dfq c;n zf;gsf] cg'ej x'g yfN5 . olb of] s'/ fsf] r] t ePg / kfngf ul/Pg eg] tNnf] kbsf] hjfkmb] xLtf dflylt/ gx'g] eO{ clwsf/sf] kof] udf :j] R5frfl/tf / cg'zf;gdf 5f8fkg x'g] x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfn] ei6frf/nfO{ dnhn ub{5 . tNnf] txsf ;] jsx?n] u/] sf] sfdsf] g} lts lhDd] jf/L dflysfn] lng'kb{5 eGg] s'/ fsf] dfld{s b[i6fGt >Ldb\efujtsf] t[tLo :sGwdf j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] syf k;Ën] hf] sf] xLnfO{ klg g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg ug{'kg] { cfjZostfsf] af] w u/fp“5 . syf k;Ë o; ksf/ 5– Psk6s aDxfhLsf dfg;k'q ;gs, ;gGbg, ;gftg / ;gts'df/ -;gts'df/x?_ eujfg lji0f'sf] bz{gfy{ a} s'07wfd hfg'eof] . a} s'07sf 5j6f 9f] sf kf/ u/] / ;ftf+} 9f] sfdf k'Ubf Toxf“ ho–ljho gfdsf åf/kfn pleO/x] sf lyP . ;gts'df/x?n] ho–ljhonfO{ a] jf:tf ub} { eujfgsf] kf;fb -b/jf/df_ kj] z ug{ cf“6\bf ho–ljhon] /f] s] . ;gts'df/x?n] eg] – xfdL dftf nIdL / lktf gf/fo0fnfO{ e] 6\g uO/x] sf 5f} + . åf/kfnx?n] ;gts'df/x?nfO{ eg] – leqaf6 cf1f kfPkl5 dfq xfdL tkfO+{x?nfO{ kj] z ug{ lbG5f} + . Tolt~h] n tkfO+{ oxL kv{g'xf] ;\ . of] ;'g] / ;gts'df/ l/;fP . ;gts'df/n] qmf] lwt eP/ ho–ljhonfO{ ltdLx? /fIf; eOhfcf] . ltdLx?nfO{ b} Tosf] vdf tLgk6s hGd lng k/f] ;\ eGg] ;fk lbP . eujfg lji0f' cGtof{dL x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“n] ;f] Rg'eof] ;gts'df/x?n] qmf] w pk/ cem} ljho kfPsf 5} gg\ . To;} n] d] / f]

cf“ugdf cfP/ klg d] / f] wfddf kj] z ug{ of] Uo ePgg\ . t/ logLx? ;flTjs 5g\ . To;} n] aflx/ uP/ bz{g lbp“ . eujfg 9f] sfdf cfP/ ;gts'df/x?nfO{ bz{g lbg'eof] . ;gts'df/x? eujfgsf] bz{g kfP/ ub\ub\ eP . eujfgn] ;gts'df/x?nfO{ eGg'eof] – ho–ljho d] / f kfif{b x'g\ . logLx?n] d] / f] k/jfx gu/] / tkfO{+x?klt ck/fw u/] sf 5g\ . tkfO+{x? d] / f cgGo eQm x'g'x'G5 . d] / f ;xof] uLx?n] tkfO{+x?klt b] vfPsf] lt/:sf/ d cfkm} n] u/] ;/x 7fg] sf] 5' . ;] jsx?n] ck/fw ubf{ dflnss} gfd lng] ;+;f/sf] /Llt 5 . oxL /Lltn] ubf{ dflnsx?n] abgfd Joxf] 5{g\ . d] / f ;] jsx?n] d] / f] clekfosf] Vofn gu/] / tkfO{+x?klt ckdfg u/] sf 5g\ . To;} n] tkfO+{x?n] ho–ljhonfO{ lbPsf] >fkdf d ;xdt 5' . d] / f] cg'/ f] w 5 tkfO{+x? k;Gg x'g'xf] ; . logLx? cfkm"n] u/] sf] ck/fw cg';f/ cwd ult e'Qmfg u/] / l5§} d] / f] ;] jfdf kmls{cfpg\ . ;gts'df/x? eujfgsf] bz{g kfp“bf v'zL eP . eujfgsf] k:tfjdf ;xdlt hgfP . l/;sf sf/0f lbJowfdsf] kj] z kfpg g;s] sf] klg r] t v'Nof] . o;/L ;gts'df/x? a} s'07af6 kmls{P . ptf ho–ljhosf] b} Tos'ndf hGde'Qmfgsf] l;nl;nf kf/De eof] . klxnf] hGddf lx/0osZok / lx/0ofIf, bf] ;f] hGddf /fj0f / s'Des0f{ / t] ;f] hGddf lzz'kfn / bGtaSq eP . eujfgn] ljleGg cjtf/ lnP/ pgLx?sf] p4f/ ug'{eof] . . syf nfdf] 5 . syfsf] ;Gbe{ oxf“ hf] 8\g'sf] d'Vo p2] Zo h;/L eujfg lji0f'n] cfkm\gf kfif{b ho–ljhon] u/] sf] uNtLsf] g} lts lhDd] jf/L lng'eof] To;/L g} zf;g ;~rfngsf] lhDd] jf/Ldf /x] sf tNnf] eGbf tNnf] txsf sfof{no ;xof] uL ;d] tn] u/] sf] sfdsf] g} lts lhDd] jf/L ;/sf/ kd'vn] ;d] t lng'kb{5 eGg] xf] . clxn] ;'zf;gsf] hdfgf 5 . zf;gdf ljlzi6 l;4fGtx?, d"NodfGotfx? / hgtfsf] kIfdf ;dlk{t /xg] ljz] iftfx? :yflkt eP/ ;'zf;gsf] cg'e"lt ug] { cj:yf k} bf x'G5 . ljlwsf] zf;g, lhDd] jf/L axg, hjfkmb] xLtf, kf/blz{tf, ;dfj] lztf, ;xeflutf, ;dfgtf, ;xdlt

h:tf ljz] iftfx? ;'zf;gdf ljBdfg x'G5g\ t/ xfdf] ;~rf/ dfWodn] ;+k] if0f u/] sf ;'/ Iff, Gofo / ljsf; ;Da4 clko ;dfrf/x?sf] >+[vnf, clVtof/ b'?kof] u cg';Gwfg cfof] udf k/] sf ph'/ Lsf] ;+Vof / dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non] cf} +NofPsf a] ?h'sf] ef/sf cfwf/df d'n'ssf] zf;g k0ffnLnfO{ s;L nufp“bf ;'zf;go'Qm 5 eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5} g . tNnf] txsf] kbsf sd{rf/Ln] u/] sf] sfdsf] g} lts lhDd] jf/L dflyNnf] kbdf /x] sfn] axg ug] { kl/kf6L emg kl5 emg sdhf] / x“'b} uPsf] b] lvG5 . dGqLn] u/] sf sfdsf] kwfgdGqLn] g} lts lhDd] jf/L lng] ubf{ klg zf;g w] / } xb;Dd ;'b[9 x'g ;S5 . To;} n] dggLo s'/ f s] xf] eg] zf;g ;~rfngdf g] t[Tj txb] lv Joj:yfkg tx x'“b} pTkfbg tx;Ddsf aLrdf g} lts lhDd] jf/L axgsf] r] g ckm sdf08 :yflkt x'g clgjfo{ 5 . cGoyf zf;g sdhf] / aGg hfG5 / sfo{;Dkfbgn] glthf lbg ;Sb} g . ;/sf/nfO{ 5lt/af6 x] l/Psf] x'G5 elgG5 . dflyaf6, tnaf6, cl3af6, kl5af6, leq} af6 / afx\o b'lgofaf6 . o;/L d"Nofs+g eO/xg] ePsfn] zf;g ;~rfngdf ;+sNk, ;Lk, ;ts{tf / ;fx;sf] vf“rf] kb{5 . h;/L ;+uLt ;d"xn] l/bd ldnfP/ ;+uL:tsf] ;'dw'/ u'~hg tof/ kfb{5g\ To;/L g} ;/sf/sf hgzlQmn] bL3{sfnLg ;f] r, nIo / p2] Zoaf6 clek] l/t eP/ /x/, pT;fx / hf“u/sf ;fy sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;l/s eP/ glthf lgsfNg ;Sg'kb{5 . hgzlQmnfO{ Psl9Ssf /fVg d] xgt / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axgsf] cEof;n] ;w} ;hu agfp“5 . ;/sf/n] ;Dkfbg u/] sf sfdx?klt ;/f] sf/jfnfsf] gh/ nflu/x] sf] x'G5 .

To;} n] ;/sf/n] d'vn] af] n] / bfaL k:t't ul//fVg'kb} {g . sfdsf] glthfn] g} af] Nbf plrt x'G5 . glthf lgsfNgsf nflu z'?df rrf{ ul/P h:t} ;do, >f] t / d] xgtsf] vf“rf] kb{5 . /fhgLlts g] t[Tj efif0fdf w] / } /dfpg] t/ sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu rflxg] ;do / d] xgt gnufpg] rl/qn] ubf{ ;/sf/sf] egfO / u/fOdf cGt/ b] lvg] ub{5 . o:tf] cj:yf x'g' eg] sf] d] xgt sd x'g', r] g ckm sdf08 sdhf] / x'g' / hjfkmb] lxtf axg gx'g' xf] . hgzlQmsf] l;Ëf] kª\lt d] xgtL eof] / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg ug] { kl/kf6L ;'b[9 eof] eg] dflyb] lv tn;Dd clwsf/, cfb] z / cg'zf;gnfO{ j/s/f/ /fVg / dflysf] gh/ tn;Dd k'Ug] / tnsfn] dflynfO{ x] / ] / q'l6/lxt sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug] { k0ffnL alnof] x'G5 . ctMzf;g ;~rfngdf ;+nUg g] t[Tj tx, Joj:yfkg tx / pTkfbg txsf hgzlQmdf d] xgt ug] { / g} lts lhDd] jf/L axg ug] { cfbt a;fpg >Ldb\efujtsf] syf b[i6fGtn] k] l/t ug{ ;sf] ;\ eGg] z'e] R5fsf ;fy n] vsf] lj6 dfb{5' .

sf]le8–!( M cfz+sf / ;ts{tf sl/a b'O{ jif{ cl3b] lv km} lnPsf] sf] le8–!( sf] dxfdf/Ln] ljZjsf x/] s s'gfsfKrfnfO{ tx;gx; agfO/x] sf] 5 . ljZjsf sl/a aofnL; nfv dflg;n] Hofg u'dfO;s] sf 5g\ eg] s/f] 8f} + dflg; ;+qmd0faf6 ul;t 5g\ . nfvf} + dflg; cfO;Lo' / e] lG6n] 6/sf] ;xfotfn] d[To';“u h'lw/x] sf 5g\ . sf] / f] gf ksf] ksf] a9\bf] ;d:ofn] ljZjnfO{ g} cfqmfGt kfl//x] sf] cj:yfdf g] kfnh:tf] ul/a d'n'ssf nflu t emg\ of] dxfdf/L 7"nf] r'gf} tLsf] ¿kdf b] vfk/] sf] 5 . cTofw'lgs kljlw / u'0f:t/Lo pkrf/ tyf cf} iflwsf] plrt kof] u ul//x] sf] ljZjnfO{ t o;n] tx;gx; agfO/x] sf] 5 eg] k/lge{/ cg] sf} + b] zsf nflu of] ;d:of lgs} hl6n / eofjx ag] sf] 5 . kL;Lcf/ 6] i6sf] ;': t ult, sf] / f] gf kf] h] l6esf] ;+Vofdf cTolws a[l4, c:ktfn, cfO;f] n] ;g jf8{sf] cefj, clS;hgsf] sdL, bIf hgzlQmsf] vf“rf] cflb sf/0fn] klg clxn] g] kfn pRr hf] lvdf kg{' cgf} 7f] xf] Og . ks[lt / dfgjaLr c;Gt'ngsf] l:ylt k} bf eO{ ps';d's;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ePkl5 cg] syl/sf dxfdf/Ln] dfgjLo Iflt k'¥ofO/x] sf 5g\ . ;do– ;dodf km/s–km/s ¿ksf 3fts dxfdf/L b] lvg' / o;n] dfgj hLjgnfO{ Ps} rf] l6 tx;gx; kfg{' ljZjs} nflu lgs} 7"nf] r'gf} tL xf] . jftfj/0f hf] ufpg ul/g'kg] { :yfoL ks[ltsf sfdx¿ dflg;af6 x'g g;ls/x] sf] cj:yfdf o;/L dxfdf/Ln] t;f{p“bf ef] u] sf ;d:of / cg'ejaf6 hLjgf] kof] uL lzIff lng'k5{ . ks[ltsf kf“r} tTj -hn, hldg, jfo', cfsfz / clUg_ sf] ultzLn ;Gt'ng / ;xsfo{lagf dfgjhLjg PSn} cufl8 a9\g ;Sb} g . of] zfZjt ;To s;} n] klg e'Ng' x'“b} g . sf] / f] gf dxfdf/Ln] klg of] s'/ f l;4 u/] sf] 5 . nfvf} + dflg;sf] Hofg lnO/x] sf] sf] / f] gf efO/;sf] pTklQ s[lqd jf kfs[lts eGg] ax; ;txdf NofP/ dflg;sf] Wofg cGt} lt/ df] 8\g vf] lhPsf] 5 . clxn] To;/L cNdlng] / cNdNofpg] ;do xf] Og . dflg;sf] Hofg arfpg] s'/ f klxnf] / d'Vo xf] . ;To / tYo n'sfP/ n'Sb} g . s'g} g s'g} lbg

o;sf] gfnLa] nL ;txdf cfOxfN5 . 1fg– lj1fg / kljlwn] ;DkGg cfhsf] PSsfO;f} + ztfAbLsf] dfgj g} cfkm\gf] Ifl0fs nfesf nflu kfs[lts ;Gt'ng layf] Ng pBt b] lvG5 . p;sf x/] s ultljlw kfs[lts bf] xglt/ a9L pGd'v eO/x] sf] cj:yf 5 . cfkm\gf] JolQmut :jfy{k"lt{sf nflu ks[ltnfO{ crfgf] agfP/ dflg;n] cfkm} cfkm\gf] ljgfzsf] af6f] vlg/x] 5 . cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] cfwf/ eTsfpg cu;/ 5 . clxn] ks[lt dflg;sf] rf} tkmL{ bafa / kefjdf k/] sf] cj:yf 5 . rfx] Tof] xfjf xf] ;\ of kfgL . df6f] xf] ;\ of cfsfz / ksfz . cTolws dfqfdf hg;+Vof a[l4, a9\bf] e"d08nLs/0f / o;n] ;d'bfodf NofPsf] xnrn, ;“u;“u} pRr hf] lvdsf ;fy km} lnPsf] hnjfo' kl/jt{g, uf] nfaf?b, w'jf“w'nf] / ad lj:kmf] 6h:tf qf;bLsf] ;fdgf ul//x] sf] k[YjLdf km] l/ s'g a] nf sxf“ s:tf] ah v:g] xf] , o;} eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5} g . dflg;sf ks[lt lj/f] wL ofjt lqmofsnfknfO{ ca ;dod} g/f] Sg] xf] eg] km] l/ ks[ltn] csf] { ljs/fn ¿k gn] nf eGg ;lsGg . clxn] sf] cj:yfdf dflg; g} ks[ltsf] ;a} eGbf glhssf] / 8/nfUbf] zq' ;fljt ePsf] 5 . dflg;n] cfkm" af“Rg cfkm\ gf zq'nfO{ 7] ufg nufPh:t} ks[ltn] klg cfkm" af“Rg cfkm\gf lj/f] wLnfO{ 7] ufg nufp“5 g} . To;sf] ;a} eGbf a9L c;/ t cflv/ dflg;nfO{ g} k5{ . To;} n] ljZjsf dfgj ;d'bfon] of] dfgjsf] dfq ;d:of xf] Og, ks[ltsf] klg xf] eGg] s'/ f a'‰g'k5{ . dfgj / ks[ltsf] of] ;femf ;d:ofsf nflu ;a} If] qaf6 ;dod} ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' lgtfGt cfjZos 5 . sf] / f] gf dxfdf/L z'? ePotfsf sl/a b'O{ jif{ sf] / f] gfs} sf/0f ;+;f/df h] h:tf 36gfx¿ eP, ;fob oL csNkgLo lyP . dflg;sf] ;f] rfOeGbf lgtfGt leGg lyP . cem} klg dflg;sf] lgoGq0feGbf aflx/} /x] sf] of] dxfdf/L rf“8} /f] lsg] ki6 ;Í] t b] lvPsf] 5} g . ljleGg sf] 0faf6 of] dxfdf/Llj?4 j} 1flgsx¿sf vf] h / cg';Gwfg eg] tLa ultdf eO/x] sf 5g\ . oBlk, 7f] ; j} 1flgs cfwf/ / tYo km] nf

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t'n;Lk'/ , !$ ebf} . t'n;Lk'/ – !( lahf} / Lsf gjLg l;+x s] ;Ln] !% jif{sf] cjlwdf ;ft ;o a9LnfO{ ;Lk l;sfpg'eof] . s] ;Ln] Jofj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Pj+ tflnd s] Gbsf On] lS6«s klzIfssf ?kdf sfd ubf{ l;sfPsf ;ft ;odWo] &) kltztn] >d ahf/df sfd ul//x] sf 5g\ t/ pxf“sf] klzIfs kb eg] b'O{ jif{cl3 g} n'lDagL kb] z ;/sf/n] vf] l;lbPsf] 5 . s] ;Ln] eGg'eof] – …;ftj6f kb] zdf /x] sf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s] Gb n'lDagLdf dfq} vf/] h eof] , sfof{no;“u} xfdL sd{rf/L ;d] t vf/] hLdf k¥of} + .Ú ca pd] / klg uof] . xfdf] bIftf sxf“ uP/ l;sfpg] <Ú n'lDagL kb] zdf t'n;Lk'/ df /x] sf] Jofj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Pj+ tflnd s] Gb / g] kfnu~h sf/sf“bf] df /x] sf] tflnd s] Gbsf #! hgf c:yfoL s/f/ sd{rf/L / a'6jndf /x] sf] /f] huf/ ;"rgf s] Gbdf sfo{/ t tLghgf u/L #$ hgf sd{rf/L sfof{no vf/] hL;“u} 3/ kmls{Psf] s] ;Ln] atfpg'eof] . s] Gbn] /fKtLsf ;fljs kf“rj6f lhNnf ?s'd, /f] Nkf, ;Nofg, Ko'7fg / bfªdf sDKo'6/, KnlDaª, ljB't h8fg, df] 6/;fOsn, c6f] d] sflgS;, j] lN8ª, On] S6«f] lgS;, s] z >[ª\uf/sf tflnd lbg] ub{Yof] . s] ;L dfq} xf] Og @)%& ;fnb] lv t'n;Lk'/ df /x] sf] ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s] Gbsf] j] lN8ª klzIfssf ?kdf /x] sf /fdaxfb'/ v8\sfsf] ;d] t p:t} u'gf;f] 5 . v8\sfn] eGg'eof] – …@)%& ;fnb] lv @)&^ ;fn;Dd klzIfssf ?kdf sfd ul/of] .

xfdL;“u ePsf] ;LknfO{ ;/sf/n] pkof] u ug'{kg]{ t/ nTofP/ km\of“lslbof] . ;+3Lo ;/sf/dfkm{t /x] sf]tflnd s] GbnfO{ ;zt{ cg'bfg lbP/ kb] zcGtu{t /x] sf] ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnodfkm{t\ tL sfof{nox? cGo 5j6f kb] zdf x:tfGt/0f u/] klg n'lDagL kb] z ;/sf/n] eg] sfof{no g} vf/] h u/] sf] lyof] . j] lN8ª klzIfs v8\sfn] eGg'eof] – …d} n] @) jif{;Dd klzIfs x'‘bf cf7 ;o a9LnfO{ j] lN8ª ;DaGwL klzIf0f lbP“ . ;/sf/n] sfof{no t vf/] h u¥of] g} xfdL;“u ePsf] ;LknfO{ ;d] t vf/] hLsf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofof] .Ú v8\sfn] yKg'eof] – …xfdL dfq} c:yfoL s/f/sf sd{rf/L lyPgf+} . xfdLdfly lsg o:tf] Jojxf/ ul/of] <Ú cfh kb] z ;/sf/n] kfljlws lzIffno jf s'g} sfo{qmdsf gfddf lxhf] ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s] Gbn] lbg] sfo{qmdx? l8Knf] df txdf cl3 a9fPsf] 5 t/ lxhf] hgzlQmnfO{ kl/rfng

u/] sf] eP ;'gdf ;'uGw x'g] lyof] t/ To;f] b] lvPg .Ú v8\sfn] eGg'eof] – …rflxbf ef“8f] gq 7f“8f] eg] h:t} eof] . pd] / x'“bf;Dd ;Lk kof] u ul/of] . pd] / 36\lsPkl5 labfO ul/of] .Ú g] kfnu~h sf/sf“bf] tflnd s] Gbsf kd'v h] lG6n uf} tdsf] ;d] t p:t} b'v] ;f] 5 . …xfdL lgo'Qm x'“bf s'g} ljrf/ cf:yfsf cfwf/df ePsf lyPgf+} . ;Lk / bIftfsf cfwf/df eof} + t/ xfdLnfO{ km/s cf:yf ePs} sf/0f x6fOof] Ú– uf} tdn] eGg'eof] . cfkm" s] Gb kd'vdf /x“bf @)^^ b] lv @)&^ ;fn;Dd @@ xhf/ a9LnfO{ ;Lko'Qm tflnd kbfg u/] sf] / tL hgzlQm >d ahf/df /x] sf] uf} tdn] atfpg'eof] . cGo 5j6f kb] zdf tL sfof{nox? oyfjt /x] klg n'lDagL kb] zdf dfq} x6fOPsf] / Toxf“ sfo{/ t sd{rf/Lx?sf af/] df ;d] t tTsfnLg kb] z ;/sf/n] a] jf:tf u/] sf] uf} tdn] cf/f] k nufpg'eof] .

:jf:Yo rf}sLsf] Go"gtd ;]jf dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ul/g] q tLy{/ fh 1jfnL d;'l/of, !$ ebf} . /fKtL ufp“kflnsf If] qsf b'O{ :jf:Yo rf} sLsf] Go"gtd ;] jfsf af/] df dfkb08 lgwf{/ 0f ul/g] ePsf] 5 . cfOtaf/ /fKtL ufp“kflnsf :jf:Yo zfvfsf] cfof] hgfdf :jf:Yo rf} sLsf] Go"gtd ;] jfsf af/] df dfkb08 lgwf{/ 0faf/] cled'vLs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] ] . /fKtL ufp“kflnsf If] qdf /x] sf] l;;xlgof :jf:Yo rf} sL / nfndl6of :jf:Yo rf} sLsf] ;] jfdf yk kefjsfl/tf Nofpg cled'vLs/0f ul/Psf] ] xf] .

Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08cg';f/ sfd ug{ ;lsPdf :jf:Yo rf} sLx?sf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ x'g] , ;] jf kefjsf/L x'g] / :jf:Yo ;] jfsf ;"rsf+sx? dfly psf:g ;lsg] ePsfn] :jf:Yo ;+: yfsf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 dfkg ug{

cfjZos /x] sf] atfOPsf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;] jfx¿sf] Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0fdfkm{t ;] jfx?sf] u0f': t/ ;'lglZrttfsf nflu lgwf{l/t Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08;DaGwL hg:jf:Yo ;] jf P] g, @)&% sf] bkmf @% sf] pkbkmf -@_ / bkmf @& sf] Joj:yf sfof{Gjog ug{ :jf:Yo ;+: yfsf] Go"gtd ;] jf dfkb08 sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw @)&& cg';f/ :jf:Yo ;+: yfsf] Go"gtd dfk808af/] ;/f] sf/jfnfx?nfO{ cled'vLs/0f ul/Psf] xf] . ;] jfufxL / ;] jf kbfosx?sf] aLrsf] ;DaGw, :jf:Yo ;+: yf tyf c:ktfn;DaGwL ;'zf;g, lrlsT;sLo ;] jf tyf ;xof] ufTds ;] jfsf] Joj:yfkg kefjsf/L?kdf sfof{Gjog h:tf ljifo dfkb08df kg] { atfOPsf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;] jfsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;'wf/ ug'{kg] { If] qx?sf] klxrfg u/L ;dod} ;dfwfg ug{ cfjZos

>4f~hnL;ef 3f] / fxL, !$ ebf} -o';_– yfkf tyf /fjt If] qL ;dfh bfªn] lbj+ut g/axfb'/ /fjtsf] :d[ltdf >bf~hnL;ef ;DkGg u/] sf] 5 . ;dfhsf cWoIf bof/fd yfkfsf] cWoIftf Pj+ jl/i7 ;Nnfxsf/ dfgaxfb'/ yfkfsf] kd'v cfltYotfdf

ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;dfhsf pkfWoIf uLtf yfkf, cfly{s ;ldltsf ;+of] hs ljdn yfkf, ;b:o 6f] kaxfb'/ yfkf nufotn] >4f~hnL JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;dfhsf ;lrj 3gaxfb'/ /fjtn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

An'a's x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] df]6/;fOsnsf] An'a's ldlt @)&* ebf} !# ut]sf lbg ndxLaf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ u/L lbg'xf]nf . gfd M u0f]zs'df/ >]i7 df]=;f= g+= M /f= ! k= ^^%% 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf=–$ k;]{gL, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*(^($@(

0

cfhsf] /fzLkmn @)&*.)%.!% ut] d+unaf/ ltlyM efb s[i0f gjdL, gIfqM /f]lx0fL

k4ltsf] ljsf; ug] {, klxrfg ePsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ljQLo Aoj:yfnufot ;f] t ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu ;xhLs/0f ug] { tof/Lsf nflu ;d] t of] hgf lgdf{0f ul/g] ePsf] 5 . /fKtL ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf g'dfgGb ;'j] bL, pkfWoIf hubDafs'df/L rf} w/L, kd'v kzf;sLo clws[t zf] ef/fd l/hfn, ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of] hs ljBfz/0f rf} w/L, :jf:Yo zfvf ;+of] hs gf/fo0f /fjtnufotsf] ;xeflutf /x] sf] cled'vLs/0fsf] :jf:Yo sfof{no bfªsf cr{gf cof{n, xl/h+u /fodfemL / ;Ltf s'“j/n] ;xhLs/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . l;;xlgof :jf:Yo rf} sL / nfndl6of :jf:Yo rf} sLsf sd{rf/L tyf ;] jfufxLaLr ;dGjo u/L Go"gtd ;] jfsf] cj:yfsf] af/] df cg'udg ;d] t ul/g] ePsf] 5 .

3f] / fxL, !$ ebf} -o';_– cf] 8LPd klAns :s"n ef/tn] cgnfOgdfkm{t cfof] hgf u/] sf] …b ;fOG; sGSn] eÚ df bfªsf] u'?s'n Ps] 8] dLsf x] d/fh vgfn / cg'/ fwf kf] v] n pTs[i6 ePsf 5g\ . er'{cn dfWodaf6 ul/Psf] ;fOG; sGSn] esf] …kmf] 6] S;Ú df u'?s'n Ps] 8] dLdf cWoog/t x] d/fh vgfn bf] ;f] ePsf 5g\ eg] …lSng 6] sÚdf cg'/ fwf kf] v] n t[tLo ePsL x'g\ . kltof] lutdf ljleGg d'n'snsf ljBfnox?n] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf] tkm{af6 cfP;cf] sf] l8{g] 6/ OGb kf] v] nn] ;xeflutf hgfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t x'g] ;"rgf

u9jf, !$ ebf} -o';_– u9jf ufp“kflnsf j8f g+= ^ xf“;Lk'/ sf] kf} / vL o'jf ;d"xåf/f zlgaf/ u9jf–* l:yt /fdhfgsL dlGb/nfO{ ;fduL ;xof] u ul/Psf] ;d"xsf cWoIf 6f] knfn ;'j] bL -;fu/_ n] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] 5 . ;d"xsf kbflwsf/L ;'j] bL / sdn cfrfo{nufotsf] 6f] nLn] dlGb/ kl/;/df Ps sfo{qmd cfof] hgf u/L !) yfg s';L{ kbfg u/] sf] dlGb/ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf laPd /Tg t'nfw/n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o'jf ;d"xn] u9jf ufp“kflnsf j8f g+= * sf] Onfaf;sf cWoIf ;2fd l;l2sL, Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf laPd /Tg t' nfw/ / dlGb/sf k'hf/L

lgz'Ns tflndsf] ;'j0f{ cj;/

o; >L dfWolds ljBfno 8fF8fufpF uf]UnL, 3f]/fxL–$ bfªsf] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&*.)%.)@ ut]sf] j}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ cf=j= @)&*.)&( df o; ljBfnosf nflu cfjZos x'g] tkl;ndf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf ;fduL tyf ;]jfx? pknAw u/fpg ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq kmd{ btf{sf] kdf0fkq, s/r'Qmfsf] kdf0f tyf Eof6÷Kofg btf{sf] kdf0fkqsf] 5fofFklt ;d]t ;+nUg u/L lgodfg';f/ df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t x'g lgj]bg btf{sf nflu ;"rgf ksfzg ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;n != d;nGb @= 5kfO{ #= lgdf{0f ;fduL $= s[lif kof]uzfnfsf ;fduLx? %= lj1fg kof]uzfnfsf ;fduLx? ^= Ol~hlgol/ª kof]uzfnfsf ;fduLx? &= ljp ljhg *= lj1fkg tyf ;"rgf (= v]ns'b ;fduL !)= ljB't ;fduL !!= sDKo'6/ tyf sDKo'6/sf kf6{k"hf{ !@= On]lS6«s tyf On]S6«f]lgs ;fdfg !#= kmlg{r/ !$= :6]zg/L !%= sDKo'6/ tyf On]lS6«s / On]S6«f]lgs ;fdfgx?sf] dd{t ;]jf !^= :jf:Yo ;'/Iff ;fduLx? !&= kf7\ok':ts tyf ;Gbe{ ;fduL !*= z}lIfs ;fduL .

kwfgfWofks

>L dfWolds ljBfno

b]p/fnL hgtf kfljlBs lzIffno

8fF8fufpF uf]UnL, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–$!*)#@

nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M cfly{s ;kmntf /x] klg :jf:Yodf klts"ntf cfpg ;S5 .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j",j] ,jf] _M cfTd ;Ddfg a9\g]5 . kfx'gfsf] cfudg x'g ;Sg]5 .

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M dlzg/L ;fdfgdf klts"ntf /xg]5 . wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M Jofjxfl/s ;d:ofx? ;'Nemfpg ;lsg]5 . ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M kfl/jfl/s sfo{x?df Wofg lbg' h?/L /xg]5 . s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M bf}8w'k / Jo:ttf clws ysfg /xg ;Sg]5 . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M pGgltsf] dfu{ kz:t ug{ ;lsg]5 .

a'6jn–!# lhtu8L, ?kGb]xL ;Dks{ g+= (*$$(#%%&!

t'= cfjZostf

sf7df8f} +af6 @)%* ;fn c;f] h !* ut] ;f“em * ah] tTsfnLg ljbf] xL kIfn] zf] efsf kltnfO{ nu] sf lyP . cfkm\ gf klt cfh cfpnfg\, ef] ln cfpnfg\ eGbf eGb} oltsf jif{ lat] t/ klt 3/ kmls{Pgg\ . cem} klg cfkm\gf klt kmls{G5g\ eGg] cfzf zf] efdf af“sL g} 5 . …Tof] a] nf a] kQf ePsf slt e] l6P eGg] va/ cfp“5, dnfO{ d] / f >Ldfg\ klg cfpg'xf] nf ls h:tf] nfU5Ú– e§n] eSsflgP/ cfkm"nfO{ ;DxfNb} s] xLa] / kl5 eGGf'eof] – …/fHon] ls ;f; b] cf] ;\ ls nfz .Ú g] kfndf !) jif] { ;z:q åGåh:t} ljZjdf ank"j{s a] kQf x'g] sf] ;+Vof 7"nf] 5 . cfO;Lcf/;Lsf] ;g\ @)@) sf] kltj] bgcg';f/ ljZje/ Ps nfv $% xhf/ JolQm a] kQf ePsf lyP . tL a] kQf x'g] dWo] vf;u/L, cfGtfl/s åGå, /fhgLltdfly km/s wf/0ff /fVg] ;d"xn] JolQm a] kQf kfg] { u/] sf] kltj] bgdf pNn] v 5 . ank"j{s a] kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] ;Demgfdf ljZje/ g} cui6 #) nfO{ ljZj a] kQflj?4sf] lbj;sf ?kdf dgfpg] ul/Psf] 5 . g] kfndf klg !) jif] { ;z:q åGåsf a] nfdf a] kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] cj:yf cem} ;fj{hlgs x'g ;s] sf] 5} g . kLl8tn] ls ;f;, lst nfz rflxof] eg] / cfjfh p7fO/x] sf 5g\ . kLl8tnfO{ Gofosf] cg'ej x'g] u/L ;/sf/n] kLl8tsf] ;Daf] wg ug{ h?/L b] lvG5 . -/f;;_

gfGxsk;fb z'SnfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] hfgsf/L kfKt ePsf] 5 . g] kfns} hgsk'/ kl5sf] k'/ fgf] / bf] ;f] 7"nf] sf] Onfaf;sf] /fdhfgsL dlGb/sf] ;+/ If0f, ;Dj4{g / ef} lts ;'wf/df ;a} kIfsf] ;xof] u cfjZos /x] sf] sfo{qmddf rrf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . o'jf ;d"xn] dlGb/df cfpg] ko{6s / kfx'gfnfO{ a:g

s';L{sf] cfjZostf b] v] sf] n] !) xhf/ a/fa/sf s';L{ lsg] / dlGb/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/] sf] atfPsf] 5 . o'jf ;d"xn] s] xL ;dokl5 Toxf“l:yt db/;fnfO{ klg s] xL ;fduL kbfg ug] { klta4tf hgfPsf] 5 . cfjZostf klxrfg u/L dlGb/nfO{ s';L{ kbfg u/] sf] df j8fWoIf l;l2sLn] o'jf ;d"xnfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;dj] bgf d[To' M @)&*.%.#

hGd M !(*$ ;fn

o; /fi6«;]js ax'd'vL ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= 3f]/fxL, bfªsf z]o/ ;b:o t]haxfb'/ s]=;L= sL ddtfdoL cfdf 3f]/fxL–( ds'g8fF8f lgjf;L lrqfb]jL vqLsf] oxL @)&* efb # ut]sf lbg ($ jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL cToGt ddf{xt Pj+ :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . cfh !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ . ;fy} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgklt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ .

;'/]zs'df/ zdf{ ;lrj Pj+

x]d/fh zdf{ clwsf/L sf=jf=–cWoIf

/fi6«;]js ax'd'vL ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ 3f]/fxL, bfª

;dj] bgf

hGd M !(($.!.!*

d[To' M @)&*.%.$

o; l3ld/] ;dfh bfªsf ;Nnfxsf/ s[i0flszf]/ l3ld/] tyf z'elrGtsx? slknlszf]/ l3ld/], ls/0flszf]/ l3ld/] / sdnlszf]/ l3ld/]sL ddtfdoL cfdf ojfb]jL zdf{ l3ld/]sf] @)&* efb $ ut]sf lbg *% jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] b'Mvb lgwgn] xfdL cToGt ddf{xt Pj+ :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgklt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ .

dfs{]l6ª clkm;/ M % hgf 8f6f sn]S;g ug{] M $ hgf ;fwf/0f n]vk9 # hgf tna M !),%)) b]lv @%,))) .– ;Dd M.M.E. sDkgL 3f]/fxL la=lk= rf]s ;Dks{M 9868622811/ 9813709408 of]Uotf M SEE, +2 above gf]6 M ch{]G6L ePsf] x'Fbf a'em\g cfpFbf cf]l/lhgn 8s'd]G6;lxt cfpg'xf]nf .

xl/x/ zdf{ l3ld/] -cWoIf_ Pj+

l3ld/] ;dfh bfª g]kfn kl/jf/

k]G;gk§f / gful/stf x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

tflnd;“u} /f]huf/L S.D.I. sDkgLnfO{ sd{rf/L cfjZostf

;+Vof M 21 of]Uotf M ;fdfGo n]vfk9L tna M 32500/– ;Dd nf]s]zg M bfª lhNnf e/L ;Dks{ g+= 9851167639, 9813380144 ;do M !) b]lv ^ ah];Dd .

ug] { of] hgf 5 . cfof] un] kLl8tsf] ph'/ Lsf cfwf/df kL8ssf] tflnsf agfO{ sfd z'? ug] { tof/L u/] sf] 5 . …cfof] un] kl/rokq ljt/0fsf] sfd ;“u;“u} kLl8tsf] ph'/ Lsf cfwf/df kL8s klxrfg u/] / tflnsLs/0f u/L ph'/ Lpk/ aofg lng] tof/L u/] sf] 5Ú– cfof] usf kjQmf clwsf/Ln] eGg'eof] – …b'O{÷tLg dlxgfdf of] sfd kf/De x'G5 .Ú cfof] un] kLl8tnfO{ kl/rokq ljt/0f u/] klg Tof] kl/rokqn] s] –s] ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot kfpg] ] eGg] :ki6?kdf s] xL klg gv'n] sf] x'gfn] To;sf] s'g} dxTj gePsf] kLl8tsf] b'v] sf] 5 . …d] / f] @( jif{sf] hjfg >Ldfg\ a] kQf kf/] sf] clxn] @! jif{ eof] , olta] nf cfP/ cfof] un] a] kQf ePsf] kl/rokq lbPsf] 5 .Ú a] kQf kLl8t zf] ef e§n] eGg'eof] – …Tof] kl/rokqn] s] ug'{ < g aRrf k9fpg kfpg', g hflu/ v'jfpg kfpg', g uf8L r9\bf 5'6 kfpg', s] sfd Tof] <Ú kZgsf] z} nLn] pxf“n] a] kQf kl/jf/nfO{ lbPsf] kl/rokqsf] s'g} cf} lrTo gePsf] ;'gfpg'eof] . cfkm\ gf hLjg ;f/ly sfvdf /x] sf slnnf b'O{ ;GtfgnfO{ x'sf{pg] , k9fpg] , a9fpg] lhDd] jf/L PSn} k"/ f ug'{kg] { kl/aGw zf] efnfO{ cfOnfUof] . ;/sf/n] k6s– k6s u/L cGtl/d /fxt:j?k kLl8tnfO{ lbPsf] !) nfvn] pxf“n] 5f] / f5f] / L k9fpg] ug'{ePsf] 5 . rGbflul/ gu/kflnsf–!#

o'jfx?åf/f /fdhfgsL dlGb/nfO{ ;xof] u

g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff lj1fg tyf kljlw dGqfno Oe]G6 kl/of]hgf bf]>f]sf] ;xof]udf o; b]p/fnL hgtf kfljlws lzIffno a'6jn4f/f tkl;nsf ljifox?df /f]huf/Lsf] ;'lglZrttf ;lxt CTEVT sf] kf7\qmd cg';f/ #() 306] lgMz'Ns tflnd vfhf;lxt ;~rfng ul/g] ePsfn] tflnd lng OR5's JolQmx?n] o; ;+:yfsf] ;Dks{ sfof{no jf ;+:yfdf ldlt @)&*÷)%÷@! ut] ;Dddf cfj]bg lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . tx ! sf tflnd ;~rfng x'g] ljifox? qm=; tflndsf] gfd ;+Vof :yfg ! h'lgo/ knDa/ @) hgf t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª @ h'lgo/ ljlN8ª, On]S6Ll;og @) hgf t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª # df]jfO{n kmf]g l/kLo/ -dlxnf dfq_ @) hgf t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª $ dG6]Zj/L -ECDF_ @) hgf t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª % h'lgo/ knDa/ @) hgf ;'lnrf}/–$ /f]Nkf cfj]bg eg]{ :yfg M t'n;Lk'/–& /fhfk'/, bfª -3f]/fxL /f]8sf] pQ/tkm{_ pd]/ M !^ aif{ b]lv $) aif{ ggf3]sf] cfjZos sfuhftx? M g]kfnL gful/stfsf] kdf0fkq / PP ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] $ j6f gf]6 M bfªsf nflu ;Dks{ g+= (*$$(#%%&! / /f]Nkfsf] nflu M (*$&($!%*), (*%&*@$&() df ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu lhj/fh clwsf/L– bfª tflnd ;+of]hs

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M n]gb]gsf] ljifodf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg pQd /xg]5 .

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M vr{ a9L x'g]5 . s';+utn] xfgL k'¥ofpg ;Sg]5 . ss{6 -xL,x",x],xf],8f,8L,8",8],8f]_M Jofjxfl/s Pj+ sfo{If]qx?df ;'wf/ x'g5] . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M Goflos If]q kIfdf /xg]5 . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M wfld{s ?lr / ckTofl;t nfe ;Dej 5 .

;fOG; sGSn] edf u'?s'nsf vgfn / kf] v/]n pTs[i6

sf7df8f} +, !$ ebf} . g] kfndf ePsf] !) jif] { ;z:q åGåkl5sf] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf} tfsf] a'“bf gDa/ %, @ / # df b'a} kIfåf/f a] kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] tyf o'4sf] ;dodf dfl/Psfsf] jf:tljs gfd, y/ / 3/sf] 7] ufgf ;Demf} tf ePsf] ldltn] ^) lbgleq ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs u/L kl/jf/hgnfO{ a'emfpg] pNn] v 5 . ;Demf} tfd} cfkm\gf sAhfdf /x] sf dflg;sf af/] df hfgsf/L ;fj{hlgs u/L !% lbgleq ;a} nfO{ d'Qm ug{ b'a} kIf d~h'/ ub{5g\ elgPsf] 5 . lj;+ @)%@ kmfu'g ! ut] b] lv rn] sf] !) jif] { ;z:q åGånfO{ zflGt ofqfdf Nofpg @)^# ;fn d+l;/ % ut] tTsfnLg kwfgdGqL lul/hfk;fb sf] O/fnf / g] skf -dfcf] jfbL_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn …kr08Ú aLr !@ a“'b] lj:t[t zflGt, ;Demf} tf ePsf] lyof] . clxn] lj:t[t zflGt, ;Demf} tf ePsf] !$ jif{ k'lu;s] sf] 5 t/ clxn] ;Dd ;Demf} tfcg'?k a] kQf ;fj{hlgs x'g ;s] sf 5} gg\ . zflGt, ;Demf} tfcg'?k g} b'a} kIf ;z:q åGåaf6 pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ ;fdfGoLs/0f ub} { ;dfhdf zflGt sfod ug{sf nflu dfgjtflj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUgsf] ;To cGj] if0f u/L bf] ifLnfO{ sf/jfxL ug] { p2] Zon] ;/sf/n] a] kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof] u / ;Tolg?k0f tyf d] nldnfk cfof] usf] @)&! Dff3 @& ut] u7g u¥of] . ;/sf/ / åGå/t kIfaLr ;Demf} tf ePsf] ;f9] cf7 jif{kl5 oL b'O{ cfof] u ag] . g] kfnsf] ;+ljwfgcg';f/ b'O{ jif{leq ;Dk"0f{ sfd ;Sg] eg] / u7g ul/Psf oL b'O{ cfof] udf klxnf] kbflwsf/Ln] rf/ jif{;Dd klg sfd k"/ f ug{ g;s] kl5 tL kbflwsf/LnfO{ labfO u/] / gof“ kbflwsf/L NofPsf] klg sl/a b'O{ jif{ x'g nfUof] t/ kLl8tn] Gofo kfPsf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;s] sf 5} gg\ . cfof] un] bf] ;f] k6s @)^& df3 ( ut] gof“ kbflwsf/L kfPsf] xf] . Ps jif{sf nflu eg] / u7g ul/Psf] cfof] un] bf] ;f] jif{;Dd klg sfd k"/ f ug] { b] lvPsf] 5} g . cfof] usf klxnf] kbflwsf/Ln] tYof+s ;+sng ug] { sfd u/] . cfof] udf tLg xhf/ b'O{ $# ph'/ LdWo] b'O{ ;o #& ph'/ L ;Tolg?k0f tyf d] nldnfk cfof] u;“u ;DalGwt ePsfn] Toxf“ k7fPsf] lyof] .

To;dWo] Ps ;o #! ph'/ L bf] xf] / f] k/] sf] b] lvPsfn] nut s§f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} b'O{ ;o *( ph'/ Ldf ;z:q åGåsf qmddf JolQm a] kQf kf/] sf eGg] g} cfwf/ kdf0f gb] lvPsfn] tfd] nLdf /flvPsf] 5 . cfof] un] b'O{ xhf/ rf/ ;o (^ ph'/ Ldf lj:t[t 5fglag ul//x] sf] 5 . ph'/ Lsf cfwf/df b'O{ xhf/ kf“r ;o !# JolQm a] kQf kfl/Psf] egL cfof] usf] tYof+sdf pNn] v 5 . cfof] usf cg';f/ b'O{ ;o &$ ph'/ Ldf ph'/ Lstf{ a'‰g] nufot sfd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ph'/ L k/] sf &% lhNnfdWo] &# lhNnfsf] :ynut ed0f u/L cfof] un] cg';Gwfg ul/;s] sf] 5 eg] !% lhNnfsf Ps ;o ** kl/jf/sf kf“r ;o $) hgfnfO{ kLl8t kl/rokkq ljt/0f;d] t ul/;s] sf] 5 . … cfof] un] cl3Nnf] kbflwsf/Ln] ;+sng u/] sf] ph'/ L / cl3 a9fPsf] cg';Gwfgsf cfwf/df sfd cl3 a9fPsf] 5Ú– a] kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof] usf kjQmf 8f= u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] eGg'eof] – …a] kQf kl/jf/ klxrfg eO;s] sf] kl/jf/nfO{ kl/rokq af“8\g] sfd eO/x] sf] 5, xfn;Dd b'O{ ;o $# kl/jf/sf ^#( JolQmn] kl/rokq kfO;s] sf 5g\ .Ú cfof] un] @)&& df3 !$ ut] b] lv kLl8t klxrfg u/L kl/rokq af“8\g z'? u/] sf] lyof] . cfof] usf kjQmf clwsf/Lsf cg';f/ of] jif{ *) kltztnfO{ kl/rokq ljt/0f

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_

d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfno kx/L lstfj vfgf lgj[Qe/0fsf] clwsf/kq -k]G;gk§f_ / lhNnf kzf;g sfof{no Ko'7fgaf6 kfKt gful/stfsf] kdf0fkq ldlt @)&* ebf} !# ut]sf lbg ndxLaf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ u/L lbg'xf]nf . gfd M u0f]zs'df/ >]i7 k]G;gk§f g+= M !))*&!( 7]ufgf M u9jf uf=kf=–$ k;]{gL, bfª gful/stf g+= M @**@–$#( ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*(^($@(

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(Aug 31, 2021)

a]nem'08Ldf ufO{ ;+/If0f s]Gb ;~rfng o'uaf] w ;drf/bftf 3f] / fxL, !$ ebf} . bfªdf 5f8f 5f] l8Psf ufO{uf] ?nfO{ ;+/ If0f ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . of] uL cflbTogfy kmfp08] zgsf] gfdaf6 t'n;Lk'/–!* a] nem'08Ldf ;f] daf/b] lv ufO{ ;+/ If0f s] Gb ;~rfng ul/Psf] xf] . g] kfn ;+: s[t ljZjljBfnosf] sl/a $% ljufx hldg ef8fdf lnP/ ufO{ ;+/ If0f ug{ yflnPsf] kmfp08] zgsf ;+/ Ifs e/tgfy of] uLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

b"w lbbf;Dd / hf] Tg] cj:yf x'“bf;Dd kfNg] To;kl5 ufO{uf] ?nfO{ 5f] 8\g] ubf{ zx/ / ;8sdf cfPsfnfO{ pQm ;+/ If0f s] Gbdf /fVg] of] hgf /x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . ;8s tyf ahf/df ufO{uf] ? cfp“bf b'3{6gf x'g] / To;n] hl6n ;d:of lglDtg] u/] sf] eGb} pxf“n] ;+/ If0fdf rf;f] lbOPsf] atfpg'eof] . jflif{s?kdf ljZjljBfnonfO{ !) nfv ?k} of“ ef8f a'emfpg] u/L ;Demf} tf ePsf] kmfp08] zgsf

cWoIf clgn lji6n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /fli6«o hgfj/nfO{ /fdf] ;“u kfngkf] if0f ug{'k5{ eGg] ;Gb] z lbg klg ufO{ ;+/ If0f yflnPsf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . o;} aLr 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf kd'v g?nfn rf} w/Ln] ufO{uf] ?nfO{ a] jfl/;] agfpg] qmd a9] sf] eGb} ;+/ If0ftkm{ ;a} n] Wofg lbg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . 3/d} ;+/ If0f ug'{kg] { ufO{uf] ?nfO{ 5f8f?kdf 5f] 8\g] ka[lQ 7Ls gePsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . ufO{ ;+/ If0f s] Gbsf] ;f] daf/ cjnf] sg ub} { gu/ kd'v rf} w/Ln] ls;fgn] ufO{uf] ? 5f] 8\bf ahf/ / ;8sdf ;d:of lglDtPsf] / ;+/ If0fdf Wofg hfg' ;'vb kIf ePsf] atfpg'eof] . ufO{uf] ? ;8sdf cfp“bf lglDtg] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ cfkm"x?n] j8f g+= @ sf] rfSnL3f6df uf} zfnf :yfkgf u/] sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

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Pdfn] sf] ;dfgfGt/ sld6L ;~rfng ub} { cfPsf] dfwjs'df/ g] kfn kIfsf] l;+uf] ;Nofg lhNnf sld6L g] kfn g] t[Tjsf] g] skf -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ df ;dflxt ePsf] xf] . g] skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL lhNnf sld6L ;Nofgsf kbflwsf/L / ;Nofgaf6 kltlglwTj ug] { s0ff{nL kb] z sld6Lsf ;b:osf] vn+ufdf ;DkGg ;+o'Qm a} 7sn] ;dfgfGt/ sld6LnfO{ g] skf -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ df

q uf] ljGb v8\sf 3f] / fxL, !$ ebf} . ;fd;'ª df] afOnn] ;f] daf/ 3f] / fxLdf l/6] n ld6 sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/] sf] 5 . /fKtL c~rnsf] l8n/ Unf] an 6] «8 3f] / fxLsf] cfof] hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljleGg lhNnfsf df] afOn Joj;foLx?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . df] afOn l8n/ Pzf] l;Pzgsf cWoIf /fheQm

;dflxt ug] { lg0f{o u/] sf] xf] .

To:t} lhNnfdf u7g ePsf ;a} hgjuL{o ;+u7gnfO{ klg g] skf -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ df ;dflxt ug] { lg0f{o u/] sf] kf6L{ cWoIf pbo af] x/f / ;lrj /d] z uf} tdåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfdf kf6L{sf ;f+u7lgs ultljlwx¿ cufl8 a9fpg] u/L bzj6} kflnsfdf kf6L{sf e] nf, klzIf0fnufotsf sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 . ;dflxt kf6L{sf] cWoIfdf pbo af] x/f, pkfWoIfdf /fd v8\uL, ;lrjdf /d] z uf} td / pk;lrjdf ef] nf s] ;L /xg'ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 lhNnfdf u7g ePsf] Ps ;o #% ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L g} ;dflxt ePsf] 5 .

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;ljg lkof;gnufotn] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f sDkgLsf /fKtL ;] N; clkm;/ 8fod08 ;'j] bLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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s[i0faxfb'/ 3tL{ o; bfª lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+3sf ;fwf/0f ;b:o lqzlQm ljN8;{ P08 ;Knfo;{sf kf]= s[i0faxfb'/ 3tL{ ejg lgdf{0f ;ldlt bfªsf] t];f] clwj]zgaf6 cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df / o; ;+3sf z'elrGtsx? nLnfaxfb'/ k'g -nfnWjh_ pkfWoIf, hLjg >]i7 ;lrj, lzjk;fb b]jsf]6f -s'zn_ ;x;lrj, /]uaxfb'/ s]=;L= sf]iffWoIf ;fy} ;b:ox?df 6Lsf/fd g]kfnL, jL/]Gb ;fxgL, wlgif/fd rf}w/L, ;'/]Gb 3tL{, kl/df0f a'9f / z+s/k;fb ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df pxfFx?sf] ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf;lxt xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ .

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klg dflg;af6} x'G5 . ca yk hf] lvd cfpg] vt/f klg o:t} nfk/jfxLaf6} xf] Ú– ;fdflhs cleoGtf u+uf/fd e§/fO{n] eGg'eof] – …:jf:Yo dfkb08sf] kfngf ug{ cem} cleofgsf] vf“rf] 5 .Ú ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ;d] t nfk/jfxL a9] sf] 5 . ;a} ofq'nfO{ clgjfo{ df:s nufpg'kg{] lgod s8fOsf ;fy sfof{Gjog ug{'kg{] xf] . oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt tyf uf8LwgLn] dfkb08 sfof{Gjogdf Wofg lbPsf 5} gg\ . df:s gnufPsf ofq'nfO{ uf8Ldf ga;fNg] lgod s8fOsf ;fy nfu' ug{'kg{] cfjfh p7] sf] 5 . kx/Ln] aLr–aLrdf ;jf/L ;fwg r] s ug{] u/] klg dfkb08 sfof{Gjogdf Wofg glbPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . k"j{–klZrd /fhdfu{df u'8\g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] sfuhkq hf“r ug{] ul/Psf] eP klg :jf:Yo dfkb08nfO{ Vofn ul/Psf] 5} g . vf] k nufpg] cleofgn] :jf:Yo dfkb08 kfngfdf lkmtnf] u/fpg vf] h] sf] b] lvG5 t/ vf] k nufp“b} df sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd 5} g eGg] 7fGg' unt a'emfO ePsf] :jf:Yo sfof{nosf kd'v zfxLn] atfpg'eof] . …vf] k nufPsf] dflg;nfO{ s] xL xb;Dd ;'/ lIft u/] klg p;sf] sf/0fn] cGo :j:y dflg; hf] lvddf kg{] x'“bf nfk/jfxL ug{'x'“b} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;a} dflg;nfO{ vf] k nufpg ;lsPsf] 5} g . clxn] ;Dd lhNnfdf sl/a #% kltzt vf] k nufO;lsPsf] 5 .Ú

xflb{s awfO{ 3gZofd clwsf/L

ljgf]bs'df/ kf08]

6LsfbQ vgfn

d'lQm v/]n

nIdL clwsf/L

oxL ldlt @)&* ebf} !@ ut] ;DkGg bfª r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf] clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf g]kfn /fli6«o pBf]u Joj;foL dxf;+3sf s]GbLo ;b:ox? 3gZofd clwsf/L jl/i7 pkfWoIf, ljgf]bs'df/ kf08] sf]iffWoIf, d'lQm v/]n ;b:o ;fy} dxf;+3sf lhNnf ;b:ox?

6LsfbQ vgfn pkfWoIf / nIdL clwsf/L ;lrj kbdf ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]n] xflb{s awfO{sf ;fy sfo{sfnsf] ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

?b 8fFuL ;+of]hs

w'js'df/ >]i7 ‘ef/L’ Pj+

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g]kfn /fli6«o pBf]u Joj;foL dxf;+3 kl/jf/ lhNnf zfvf, bfª

;fwf/0f;ef x'g]af/] ;"rgf †

egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † †

ldlt @)&*.%.!! ut]sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ o; u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3 g]kfn bfªsf] ;fwf/0f;ef Pj+ clwj]zg lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf]n] cfj4tf lnO{ gjLs/0f ePsf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] ;+:yfaf6 Pshgf dlxnf;lxt b'O{hgf kltlglwsf] ?kdf k7fOlbg'x'g cg'/ f]w ub}{ kqfrf/ ul/Psf] 5 . pQm kq kfKt gePdf o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/dfgL pkl:yltsf] nflu cg'/ f]w 5 . ldltM @)&*.)%.#! ut] ;doM laxfg !! ah] :yfgM 3f]/ fxL–!) -kmgkfs{_ cd/fO{, bfª ;Dks{ g+=M (*%&*$)@%(, (*%&*@!&%&, (*$$()@(#*

kfljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd kl/ifb\ -CTEVT_ af6 ;DaGwg kfKt o; Od] h Ol~hlgol/ª sn] h kf=ln= 3f] / fxL–!% /tgk'/ , bfªdf z} lIfs ;q @)&*÷)&( sf] nflu lk–l8Knf] df Og l;len / ;e] { Ol~hlgol/ª sfo{qmddf egf{ v'n] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f} + . kmf/fd ljt/0fM @)&* ebf} @ ut] b] lv kmf/fd kfOg] :yfgM Od] h Ol~hlgol/ª sn] h 3f] / fxL–!% /tgk'/ , bfª kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM @)&* ebf} @# ut] ;Dd ;doM laxfg & ah] b] lv a] n'sf % ah] ;Dd ;Dks{M

cWoIf

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3 g]kfn, bfª df]=M (*%&*@#@)%

/fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h 3f]/fxL, bfªsf] egf{;DaGwL ;"rgf Û @)^% ;fnb] lv u'0ffTds kfljlws lzIff kbfg ub} { cfO/x] sf] /fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn] h 3f] / fxL, bfªdf z} lIfs ;q @)&*÷)&( sf] nflu lgDg sfo{qmddf egf{ v'n] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f} + . k9\g OR5's ljBfyL{x?n] ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf . sfo{qmdM F l8Knf]df Og sDKo"6/ Ol~hlgol/ª -# jif]{_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og ;e]{ -cldg_ Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og On]lS6«sn Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og l;len Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_

kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM

l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} !* ut];Dd lk–l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} @# ut];Dd ;Dks{M

/fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h ;fgLcDafk'/ ;/f{, bfª df]=g+=M (*%&*#!^*$, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#)@&), (*%&*#&@%%

kf]= xl/k;fb kf]v]n

uf} d'vL xf]d 8]sf]/

3f]/fxL, bfª -xf]08f zf]?dsf] cufl8_ df]= (*$$(&#!*@, (*)(%(&!(*

Od]h Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h

3f]/fxL–!% /tgk'/, bfª kmf]gM )*@–%^#^&(, (*%&*#)!#@, (*%&*^)!)!, (*%&*#@(%#, (*%&*#$!!@

egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] †† egf{ v'Nof] ††† kfljlws lzIff If] qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg lbg ;kmn, cg'ejL / bIf klzIfsx?åf/f u'0f:t/Lo lzIff kbfg ub}{ cfPsf] ;fy} CTEVT åf/f lnOg] k/LIffx?df o; If] qd} pTs[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn o; g] zgn OlGhlgol/ª sn] h -NEC_ df z}=;= @)&*÷)&( sf] nflu # jif] { l8Knf] df Og l;len OlGhlgol/ª -l;len cf] e/l;o/_ sfo{qmd !# cf}+ Aofrdf / !* dlxg] lk– l8Knf] df l;len -;j–cf] e/l;o/_ df gofF egf{ v'n] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . z}lIfs of]Uotf M l;len cf]e/l;o/tkm{ SEE Result df  ul0ft, lj1fgdf C / c+u]hL ljifodf D+ u]8 kfKt x'g'kg]{ .  kmf/fd ljt/0f ldlt M @)&*.)$.#! ut]b]lv  kmf/fd eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&*.)%.!* ut];Dd lk–l8Knf]dftkm{ -;fljssf] kfljlws P;=Pn=;L=_ TSLC sfo{qmddf  h'g;'s} u]8df SEE k/LIffdf pQL0f{ zlgjf/ klg  kmf/fd ljt/0f ldlt @)&*.)%.)@ ut]b]lv sfof{ no v'nf  kmf/fd eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&*.)%.@# ut];Dd /xg] 5. ;Dks{M

g]zgn OlGhlgol/ª sn]h

g]kfnu~h–!) lztngu/, afFs] -g]kfnu~h cfFvf c:ktfn ;'v]{t/f]8sf] k"j{tkm{_

Website: nationalengineeringcollege.com Email:collegenationalengineering@gmail.com

kmf]g M )*!–%#%&#^, (*%*)@)$%^, (*$*@%!&##, (*$$*@)((%

o;sf ljz]iftfx?M v ! jif{sf] jif{sf] jf/]G6L ePsf], cfsif{0f Pj+ jiff} {+ vkt x'g] v km]d kNnf grflxg] x'Fbf *)Ü ;Dd k} ;fsf] art v lkml6ª ug{ ;lhnf] v lvof tyf wld/f gnfUg] v ;lhn} dd{t ug{ ;lsg] v xfjf tyf 3fd g5]Sg] .

gofF o'uaf]w ksfzg kf=ln= åf/f ksflzt, ;+:yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf kaGw lgb]{zs M ktfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;x–;Dkfbs M g/]Gb s];L ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/ d'bs M kltef ckm;]6 k];, sfof{noM 3f]/ fxL bfª, n'lDagL kb]z, g]kfn kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M t'n;Lk'/ – %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK