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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Aug 28, 2021)

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b] pv'/ L, !! ebf} . nIdLk;fb rf} w/LnfO{ cfsfzaf6 w] / } a] / kfgL kl//x\\ of] eg] Ps ksf/sf] 56\k6L 5'6\5 . Tof] 56\k6L /fKtL gbLdf cfpg] af9L;“u ;DalGwt 5 . ndxL gu/kflnsf–* wgk'?jf ufp“df a:b} cfpg'ePsf nIdLk;fbnfO{ af9Lsf] huhuLn] ;w} + ;tfpg] u5{ . …gbL lsgf/df a:tL 5 . ;a} 5f] 8\g klg ;lsb} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …cfsfzaf6 kfgL kg{ yfNof] eg] af9L cfp“5 ls eGg] lrGtf x'G5 .Ú nIdLk;fb h:t} w] / } dflg;sf] 3/ /fKtL gbLsf] t6df 5 . /fKtL gbLdf cfpg] af9Ln] ubf{ 8'afgsf] hf] lvd x/] s jif{ /lx/xG5 . o;kfln nuftf/ kfgL kl//x] sf sf/0f af9L / 8'afgsf 36gf x'g ;Sg] eGb} bfª lhNnfdf gbL t6Lo If] qdf pRr ;ts{tf ckgfOPsf] 5 . of] ;ts{tf ckgfpg'kg{] ;Gb] z wgk'?jf ufp“df klg cfOk'u] sf] 5 . gbLdf af9L a9] sf] ;"rgf yfxf kfpg u] h l/8/ klg /flvPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ hf] lvdsf] cf“sng ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5 . &% 3/w'/ Ldf km} lnPsf] of] a:tLaf6 af9Ls} 8/n] a;fO ;/] / cGoq hfg] x?sf] ;+Vof klg a9\bf] 5 . ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= $ a'6sf} jf lgjf;L zflGtk;fb rf} w/L @)^) ;fndf /fKtL gbLdf cfPsf] af9Lsf sf/0f lj:yflkt x'g'eof] . Tolta] nf cfPsf] af9Ln] 3/ v] t ;a} aufof] . sl/a bz s6\7f hUufdf clxn] gbL alu/x] sf] 5 . ;w} + /fKtL gbLn] v] lb/x] sf] a'6sf} jfsf :yfgLonfO{ cem} + gbL ufp“df k:5 ls eGg] lrGtf 5 . a'6sf} jf ufp“sf @$ 3/w'/ L kl/jf/ /fKtL gbLs} sf/0f lj:yflkt ePsf x'g\ . a'6sf} jf / l5d] sL ufp“ 3'Dgfsf] sl/a *) ljufx hUufdf /fKtLn] s6fg ubf{ au/df kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . au/ / gbL lx8] sf] hUufsf] nfnk"hf{ :yfgLo;“u 5 . au/sf] hUuf psf; x'g]

cfzfdf cem} + ;/sf/nfO{ /fhZj a'emfpg] ul/Psf] 5 t/ /fKtL gbLsf sf/0f gbL t6Lo If] qdf a;f] jf; ug{] gful/s cem} klg /fKtL gbLs} sf/0f ;tfOPsf 5g\ . /fKtL gbLdf cfpg] af9Ln] ;d:of yKg] u/] sf] :yfgLo /] 0f' rf} w/Ln] atfpg'eof] . gbL t6Lo If] qdf ;ts{tf lhNnfsf] /fKtL / aaO{ hnfwf/ If] q af9L / 8'afgsf] pRr hf] lvddf kg{] ePsfn] kzf;g tyf ;'/ Iff lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L u/] / gbL t6Lo If] qdf pRr ;ts{tf tyf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg clkn u/] sf] 5 . kd'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fdaxfb'/ s'?Djfªn] ;"rgf hf/L ub{} ;ts{ /xg clkn ug{'ePsf] xf] . s] xL lbg ef/L jiff{sf] ;Defjgf /x] sfn] af9L / 8'afgsf 36gf x'g ;Sg] eGb} ;ts{ /xg clkn ul/Psf] xf] . bfª lhNnf af9L / 8'afgsf] pRr hf] lvddf 5 . lhNnf ljkt\ Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] tof/ kf/] sf] dg;'g k"j{tof/L sfo{of] hgf cg';f/ af9LhGo ljktsf sf/0f kTo] s jif{ dfgjLo Iflt x'g] u/] sf] 5 . @)&$ ;fn ;fpg dlxgfdf cfPsf] af9LhGo ljkt\df k/] / ;fthgfsf] d[To' ePsf] , b'O{hgf 3fOt] ePsf / Pshgf j] kQf ePsf lyP .

8'afgsf sf/0f tLg ;o %( 3/ k"0f{?kdf Iflt ePsf lyP eg] b'O{ ;o *@ 3/df cf+lzs Iflt k'u] sf] tYof+s 5 . dg;'g k"j{tof/L tyf kltsfo{ of] hgf @)&* n] /fKtL / aaO{ gbL hnfwf/ If] qdf kg{] clwsf+z j8f tyf j:tLx? kefljt x'g] pNn] v u/] sf] 5 . /fKtL hnfwf/ If] q cGt/ut kg{] /fKtL ufp“kflnsf, u9jf ufp“kflnsf, ndxL gu/kflnsf / /fhk'/ ufp“kflnsfsf clwsf+z j8f af9Lsf] pRr hf] lvddf 5g\ . o:t} aaO{ hnfwf/ If] qleq kg{] b+uLz/0f ufp“kflnsf, zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf, t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf / 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf clwsf+z j8f af9Lsf] hf] lvddf kg{] cf“sng ul/Psf] 5 .

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af“s] , !! ebf} . 8'8'jf–! sw} k'?jfsf ;'Gb/ nf] lgof laxfg kf“r ah] p7\bf;Dd 8'8'jfvf] nf 6f9f g} lyof] . h;} 38Lsf] ;'O{ cufl8 a9\b} uof] 8'8'jfsf] wf/ ;'Gb/sf] 3/ glhs cfp“b} u¥of] . 8'8'jfsf] s6fg tLaultdf a9] / cfkm\g} 3/lt/ cfO/x] kl5 ;'Gb/sf kl/jf/ vfBfGg / ;fdfg hf] ufpg nfluk/] . z'qmaf/ lbp“;f] Ps ah] sw} +k'?jfdf k'Ubf ;'Gb/sf kl/jf/ 3/leqsf ;fdfg cf] ;fb} { lyP . vf] nf s6fgh:t} ;'Gb/sf kl/jf/sf] ;fdfg cf] ;fg] { sfd tLa g} lyof] . ;fdfg yGsfPkl5 ;'Gb/n] 3/ cufl8 a;] / /f] 6L / t/sf/L vfP . s] xLa] / df pgsf] 3/sf] Pp6f vfaf] aufof] . 3/ s6fgdf kb} { uof] . cf7 jif{cl3 ;''Gb/sf] 3/ clxn] 8'8'jf alu/x] sf] 7fp“ eGbf klg pt} lyof] . hf] /fKtL gbLsf] 5] p5fpdf kYof] { . clxn] /fKtLn] wf/ abn] / w] / } 6f9f uof] . 8'8'jf vf] nfn] ;'Gb/sf] 3/ phf8\b} cfO/x] sf] 5 . ;'Gb/sf] c9fO{ s7\7fhlt hldg lyof] . 8'8'jfsf] s6fg jif] {lg a9\b} ubf{ clxn] k"/ } hUuf vf] nfdf k'lu;s] sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ elTsPsf] ;'Gb/sf] 3/ cfkm\gf] hUufsf] clGtd lyof] . ca o;kl5 pgsf] hUuf 5} g . pgsf efO{ ljhf{ nf] lgofsf] k5{ . …laxfg % ah] p7\bf;Dd 7Ls} lyof] . bz ah] kl5 s6fg tLaultdf cl3 a9\of] .

Ps ah] ;Ddd} 3/sf] vfaf vf] nf aufpg yfNof] Ú– ;'Gb/n] eGg'eof] – …klxnf /fKtL gbLn] clxn] 8'8'jf vf] nfn] b'Mv lbO/x] sf] 5 . vf] nfsf] s6fgn] ubf{ cfkm\gf] hUuf ;a} vf] nfdf kl/;Sof] . oxL 3/ klg elTsof] . ca t a:g] af; klg 5} g . efOsf] hUufdf z/0f lng' kg] { ePsf] 5 .Ú sw} k'?jfsf tLy{/ fd nf] lgofsf]

3/kl/jf/ klg ;fdfg cf] ;fb} { lyP .

3/ elTsg] kSsf ePsfn] 3/sf ;fdfg dfq} xf] Og, 6Lg;d] t lgsfNg] kof; ub} { lyP . 8'8'jfsf] s6fg tLaultdf ePsf] /flt oxf“ ;'Tg ;lsb} g eGg] pgLx?sf] lgisif{ lyof] . /flt k/] sf] kfgLn] af“s] df ;'Gb/sf] h:tf P3f/hgfsf] 3/ eTsfPsf] 5 . s] xL 3/kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . /fKtL gbLdf 7"nf] af9L gcfP klg 8'8'jfnufotsf vf] nfn] 8'afg / s6fgdf kf/] sf] 5 . af“s] kx/Lsf cg';f/, 8'8'jfsf ;'Gb/ nf] lgof, u0f] z vl6s, nId0f rdf/, cfndhxf“, sG6' sxf/, glkm; vf“, /fKtL;f] gf/L ufp“kflnsfsf uf] n' yf?, sf] 6L n'xf/L, cfzf/fd yf?, ;'dg bdfO{, kfj{tL cf] nLsf] sRrL 3/÷uf] 7 elTsPsf] 5 .

7"nf] dfqfdf k/] sf] kfgLn] g] kfnu~h If] q hndUg ePsf] 5 . af9Ln] aufp“bf tLghgfsf] d[To' nuftf/sf] jiff{kl5 cfPsf] af9Lsf sf/0f ?kGb] xL / gjnk/f;Ldf tLghgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] b'O{hgf j] kQf ePsf 5g\ . af9Ln] aufp“bf gjnk/f;L klZrddf b'O{hgfsf] / ?kGb] xLdf Pshgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . d[To' x'g] df gjnk/f;L klZrd /fdufd gu/kflnsf–!* aGhl/ofsf #& jifL{o ljgf] b Kof;L / pgsf 5f] / f !# jif{sf kbLk /x] sf lhNnf kx/L sfof{no k/f;Lsf kx/L gfoj pk/LIfs /fh' nfdfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 3/df af9L k;] kl5 Hofg arfpg lgl:sbf v] tdf 8'a] / pgLx¿sf] d[To' ePsf] nfdfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pgLx¿sf] zj s] xL tn v] tdf km] nf k/] sf] lyof] . o:t} ?kGb] xLsf] cf] d;ltof ufp“kflnsf–$ sf %) jifL{o /fd] Zj/ sxf/sf] /f] x0fL vf] nfn] aufp‘“bf d[To' ePsf] kx/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

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;+/ If0fdf hfUb} ;fd'bflos jg t'n;Lk'/, !! ebf} . ut jif{ g]kfne/ 8+u/ lu4sf] ;+Vof ^) j6f dfq} lyof] . 8+u/ ljZjaf6 g} nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf k'u]sf] lu4 xf] . bfª lhNnfdf ul/Psf] u0fgfcg';f/ b]pv'/L If]qdf Pp6f, zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf–@ sf] ;fd'bflos jgdf Pp6f / /fdk'/sf] rl/ª\u] bx /x]sf] ;fd'bflos jgdf b'Oj{ 6f u/L lhNnfe/ rf/j6f /x]sf] kof{j/0fLo lbuf] ljsf; Pj+ cg';Gwfg s]Gbsf cWoIf l8NnLaxfb'/ /fjtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cWoIf /fjtsf cg';f/ zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf–@ df /x]sf] lji0f'k/' f ;fd'bflos jgdf #@ j6f lu4sf vf]/ lyP . Pp6f lu4n] Ps k6sdf Pp6f c08f kf5{ . To;}u/L t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf–* sf] ;Demgf ;fd'bflos jgdf !* j6f, 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] /fdk'/df /x]sf ;fd'bflos jgdf %) j6f, ndxL gu/kflnsfsf] sKtfgu~hdf lu4sf vf]/ km]nf k/]sf] cWoIf /fjtn]

;'ky d"Nodf af]On/ s'v'/ fsf] tfhf df;'sf ;fy} lhpFbf] af]On/ / ljleGg ksf/sf df5f yf]s tyf km'6s/df kfOG5 .

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hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . bfª lhNnfdf lxdfnL, ;'g, 8+u/, ;fgf] v}/f] khfltsf lu4 kfOg] cWoIf /fjtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 8+u/ / ;fgf] v}/f] khfltsf] lu4 xf] . lu4 ;+/If0fsf nflu kof{j/0fLo lbuf] ljsf; Pj+ cg';Gwfg s]Gbn] lhNnfsf ljleGg ;fd'bflos jg / vfnL If]qdf kf“r

xhf/ l;dnsf la?jf /f]k]sf] cWoIf /fjtn] atfpg'eof] . lu4 ;+/If0fsf nflu bfª lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf klxn] e'Ns] ;fd'bflos jgn] lu4sf u'8“ ;+/If0f, lu4 ;+/If0fsf nflu sfo{of]hgfdf ;dfj]z u/L sfof{Gjgodf NofPsf] ;fd'bflos jgsf cWoIf gGb/fd /f]sfn] atfpg'eof] .

To;}u/L ;fd'bflos jgdf Ps ;o a9L

l;dnsf la?jf /f]k]/ arfPsf] ks/]{ ;fd'bflos jgsf cWoIf nf]saxfb'/ /f]sfn] atfpg'eof] . ptf lu4sf] u'8“ kfOPsf] zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf–@ df /x]sf] lji0f'k/' f ;fd'bflos jgsf cWoIf nId0f vqLn] casf] ;fd'bflos jgsf] sfo{of]hgfd} nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf k'u]sf] lu4 ;+/If0fsf nflu sfo{of]hgfd} ;dfj]z ul/g] atfpg'eof] . zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf–@ sf cWoIf km;f{/fd 8f“uLn] ufp“kflnsfn] lu4 ;+/If0fsf sfo{qmd ;dfj]z ug]{ atfpg'eof] . ;fy} cWoIf 8f“uLn] lu4 cg';Gwfg s]Gbsf ?kdf af3df/] If]qnfO{ agfpg ;a} cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 nfUGf'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . o;}aLr kof{j/0fLo lbuf] ljsf; Pj+ cg';Gwfg s]Gbn] laxLaf/ lu4sf u'8“ km]nf k/]sf] zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsfsf] lji0f'k/' f ;fd'bflos jg If]qdf k'u]/ lu4 ;+/If0fsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;“u 5nkmn u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf l8NnLaxfb'/ /fjtsf] cWoIftfdf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

t'n;Lk'/ , !! ebf} . /fKtL kfb] lzs c:ktfn t'n;Lk'/ sf d] l8sn ;'kl/6] G8] G6 8f= ljgf] b l;+xnfO{ o'jfx?sf] Ps ;d"xn] df] ;f] 5\ofk] / b'Jo{jxf/ u/] sf] 5 . cg] / f:jljo'sf ;+of] hs ;h{g kl/of/sf] g] t[Tjdf uPsf] #÷$ hgfsf] ;d"xn] z'qmaf/ lbp“;f] d] ;'sf] sfo{sIfd} df] ;f] bn] sf] lhNnf kx/L sfof{no bfªsf P;kL ;'/ ] z sfkm\n] n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx?sf] vf] hL eO/x] sf] P;kL sfkm\n] n] atfpg'eof] . kLl8t l;+xn] z'qmaf/ g} Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ df ;h{g kl/of/, lbj; If] qL / u0f] z v8\sflj?4 ph'/ L lbg' ePsf] 5.

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la/fdLsf] sNr/ hf‘“rsf] Joj:yf gePsf] atfPkl5 8f= l;+xnfO{ sfo{sIfd} k'u] / df] ;f] bn] sf] P;kL sfkm\n] n] atfpg'eof] .

36gfnuQ} c:ktfn k'Ug' ePsf kd'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fdaxfb'/ s'?Djfªn] 36gfsf] eT;{gf ub} { bf] ifLdfly sf/jfxL x'g] atfpg'eof] . o;} aLr c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldltn] lj/fdLsf] ;] jfdf vl6Psf lrlsT;snfO{ b'Jo{jxf/ ug] {x?dfly xb} ;Ddsf] sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/] sf] 5 . 36gfnuQ} a;] sf] c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldltsf] a} 7sn] 36gfdf ;+nUgnfO{ xb} ;Ddsf] sf/jfxL ug{ dfu u/] sf] ;ldltsf cWoIf kbdk;fb Gof} kfg] n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kqmfp gu/] ;] jf /f] Sg] :jf:YosdL{sf] r] tfjgL 36gfdf ;+nUgnfO{

kqmfp gu/] c:ktfndf sfo{/ t :jf:YosdL{x?n] zlgjf/af6 c:ktfnaf6 lbOg] ;] jf 7Kk kfg] { r] tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . c:ktfndf sfd ug] { jftfj/0f gePsf] eGb} 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx?nfO{ zlgaf/ laxfg ( ah] leq kqmfp gu/] Od/h] G;L, k;"tL, 8fonfOl;; ;] jfafx] s c? ;a} ;] jf 7Kk kfg] { r] tfjgL lbPsf] c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIf kbdk;fb Gof} kfg] n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

To;} u/L g] kfn lrlsT;s ;+3 bfªsf cWoIf s'a] / /] UdL / pkfWoIf 8f= lszf] / vqLn] lj1lKt lgsfn] / tTsfn bf] ifLnfO{ sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . z'qmaf/ lj1lKtdfkm{t\ 36gfdf ;+nUgnfO{ @$ 306fleq af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

lhNnf ;efkltsf dfu ;Daf]wgkl5 dfq} j8f clwj]zg M kf}8]n ;d"x o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, !! ebf} . g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf jl/i7 g] tf /fdrGb kf} 8] n ;d"xn] 5 xhf/ ;ft ;o $# j6} j8fdf Ps} lbg clwj] zg x'g'kg] { dfu cl3 ;f/] sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ laxfg k"j{dxfdGqL ksfzdfg l;+xsf] lgjf;df a;] sf] kf} 8] n ;d"xsf zLif{ g] tfx¿sf] a} 7sn] lhNnf ;efkltx¿n] p7fPsf dfux¿sf] ;Daf] wgkl5 dfq} Ps} lbg clwj] zg x'g] jftfj/0f ;'lglZrt x'g] eGb} klxn] tL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;efkltsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg] lg0f{o u/] sf] xf] . ljleGg tLga'b“ ] dfu /fv]/ lhNnf ;efkltx¿ a'waf/b]lv sf+u]; d'Vofnodf l/n] cg;g al;/x]sf 5g\ . lqmofzLn ;b:otfsf] gfdfjnL ;fj{hlgs ug{k' g]{ / To;df ;Rofpg] ;do lbg'kg],{ lhNnf ;efkltsf] pDd]bjf/ aGg tf]lsPsf] km/s–km/s dfkb08nfO{ Ps¿ktf

lbg'kg]n { ufotsf dfu cgzgsf/Ln] /fv]sf 5g\ . lhNnf ;efkltx¿sf] dfu ;Daf]wg gu/L #* lhNnfsf] dfq} lqmofzLn ;b:otfsf] gfdfjnL ;fj{hlgs u/]/ lgjf{rg klqmof cl3 a9fPkl5 kf}8]n ;d"xn] ebf} !* ut] && j6} lhNnfdf Ps}k6s j8f clwj]zg x'g]af/] cfz+sf JoQm u/]sf] xf] . ;efklt z] / axfb'/ b] pjfn] laxLaf/ #* lhNnfsf] dtbftf gfdfjnL ;fj{hlgs ub} { Tof] gfdfjnL lgjf{rg ;ldltnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;ldltn] tL lhNnfsf nflu lgjf{rg clws[t;d] t v6fO;s] sf] 5 . gfdfjnL kfPkl5 tL lhNnfdf clwj] zgsf] tof/L cl3 a9fOPsf] ;ldltsf ;+of] hs dxfb] j ofbjn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kf} 8] n ;d"xn] eg] #* lhNnfdf dfq} clwj] zgsf] klqmof cl3 a9fp“bf cGo lhNnfdf j8f clwj] zg x'g] ls gx'g] < jf slxn] x'g] < eGg] cGof] n

ePsf] eGb} ;a} lhNnfdf Ps} k6s clwj] zg ug] { s'/ fsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ dfu ug] { lg0f{o u/] sf] 5 . pk;efklt lglwsf] ;Dks{ sfof{no :yfkgf g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf pk;efklt ljdn] Gb lglwn] kf6L{sf] cf;Gg !$ cf} + dxflwj] zgsf nflu ;efklt kbdf pDd] bjf/L lbg] 3f] if0ff ub{} ;Dks{ sfof{no :yfkgf ug{'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] g] tf sfo{stf{;“u e] 63f6sf nflu gof“ afg] Zj/l:yt yfkf ufp“df ;Dks{ sfof{nosf] z'qmaf/ z'ef/De ug{'ePsf] xf] . ;f] cj;/df pxf“n] cfkm" s;} nfO{ k/flht ug{ / …l/6fP/Ú ug{ tyf c;Ifd 3f] if0ff ug{ kf6L{ ;efklt kbdf pDd] bjf/Lsf] 3f] if0ff gu/] sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …sf+u] ;nfO{ alnof] agfpg / cfufdL ;a} txsf lgjf{rgdf kf6L{nfO{ ax'dt xfl;n ug{{] d] / f] rfxgf xf] . o;} sf nflu kf6L{ ;efkltsf] pDd] bjf/L 3f] if0ff u/] sf] x'‘“ .Ú

d'6' tyf afy /f]u;DaGwL 8fS6/ cfpg]af/] ;"rgf Û

s] tkfOFnfO{ d'6' tyf afy /f]u;DaGwL s]xL ;d:of 5 < olb 5 eg] 3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/ rf]sglhs Go"/f]8df /x]sf] kNnjL :jf:Yo lSnlgsdf g]kfnsf] VofltkfKt xl:k6nx? tyf jL/ xl:k6ndf cg'ejkfKt ug'{ePsf tyf xfn gf]a]n xl:k6ndf sfo{/t jl/i7 sG;N6]G6 MBBS MD Cardiologist Rheumotologist -d'6' tyf afy/f]u ljz]if1_ 8f= dx]Zj/ s'df/ x}Ho'åf/f oxL ldlt @)&* ebf} !! z'qmjf/ ! ah]b]lv / !@ ut] zlgjf/laxfg * ah]b]lv r]shfFr x'Fb}5 .

8fS6/åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M != 5ftL b'Vg' -b]a] s'dsf] ;fO8tkm{ b'vfO{ x'g'_ lx8\bf rNbf b'vfO a9\g], cf/fd ubf{ a:bf b'vfO sd x'G5 eg] d'6' jf k];/sf] b'vfO x'g ;S5 . @= d'6'sf] w8\sg a9\g' . #= ysfg dx;'z x'g' -;fdfGo lx+88'n ubf{ ;d]t :jfF–:jfF x'g' ._ $= a]xf]; x'g' . %= v'§f ;'lGgg' . ^= cg'xf/ ;'lGgg' . &= lk;fa sd x'g' . *= l/+uf6f nfUg' . (= lr;f] kl;gf cfpg' . !)= pN6L -af]ld6_ xf]nf h:tf] e}/xg' . !!= z/L/sf c+ux?df c;lhnf] dx;'; x'g' . !@= z/L/sf hf]gL{x? b'Vg', ufF7fu'7L cfpg', kfgL ;ª\lng'nufotsf ;d:ofx?sf] lgbfgsf nflu Ecg d]l;gaf6 r]shfFr -Eco eg]sf] d'6'sf] lel8of] PS;/]_ af6 /f]usf] lgbfg tyf pkrf/ ul/G5 . ;fy} Kofyf]nf]hL ;]jf Pj+ kmfd]{;L ;]jf klg pknAw 5 .

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t'n;Lk'/rf]s Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]gM )*@–%^!^*#, (*$&(@%&)) gf]6M oxL ebf} !* ut] 5fnf, of}g tyf n]h/ /f]u ljz]if1 8f= ;'dg l3ld/] cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 .

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h'Qf l;pg] ;fsL{, n'uf l;pg] bdfO, kmnfd lk6\g] nf] xf/, ;'gsf] uxgf agfpg] ;'gf/ ;anfO{ ;f] W5 t/ s;} n] eGg ;s] sf x'Fb} g . cGTodf n'uf w'g] wf] aLsxfF k'U5 / wf] aLn] ;'8] gLsf] 3/ atfOlbP kl5, pgL ;'8] gL sxfF k'U5g\ . k'u] / ;'8gLnfO{ O;¿n] lng k7fPsf] ;'gfpF5 . t/ ;'8] gLn] ;;Ddfg dnfO{ xfQL lnP/ cfP dfq} hfg] ;'gfpFl5g\ . 8] luof kmls{G5 / O;'?nfO{ ;'8] gLsf] ;Gb] z ;'gfpF5 . O;¿ xfQL lnP/ 8] luofnfO{ k7fpF5g\ . xfQL lnP/ ;'8gLsf] 3/ k'u] kl5 xfQLsf] ;'kf h:tf] sfg ch+usf] z/L/ b] v] / pgL d'5f{ kl5{g\ . csf] {kfln 3f] 8f lnP/ cfpg] cfux ul5{g\ . 3f] 8f lnP/ hfFbf 3f] 8f s/fPsf] ;'g] / 3f] 8fdf klg gcfpg] s'/ f ul5{g\ . Pj+ ksf/n] pmF6 nufotsf ;jf/Lsf] dfu u5{g clGtddf pgL ;'gsf] vft;lxtsf] 8f] nLdf hfg dGh'/ x'lG5g\ . pgL O;¿sf] 3/ k'u] / cfˆgf] st{Jo kfngf ul5{g\ . O;¿ / hf;'sf] klxnf] ;Gtfgsf] ?kdf sfGxf hlGdG5 . ;': t–;': t sfGxf a9\b} hfG5g\ . ufpFsf s] 6fs] 6Lx¿;Fu v] Ng yfN5g\ . afvf r/fpg ;Sg] ePkl5 cfdfn] pgnfO{ afvf, ufO{–uf] ? r/fpg hfg] cfux ubf{ pgn] cfkm";Fu sf7sf] kf} jf, n6\7L, 5ftf gePsf] n] ghfg] c8fg lnG5g\ . pgsL cfdfn] cfh t] / f] dfdfnfO{ agfpg eG5', agfof] eg] lbG5' eg] / ;DemfP/ k7fpFl5g\ . pgL dfdfsf] ;a} eGbf Kof/f] efGhf lyP . pgsf] dfdfn] pgn] dfu] sf] ;a} lrh agfP/ k7fOlbG5g\ . pgL s] xL ;dodf hjfg x'G5g\ . ufO{ uf] 7fnf;Fu /dfpg yfN5g\ . p;nfO{ afF;'/ L ahfpg] /x/ hfU5 t/ pgsf] cfˆgf] af;'/ L x'Fb} g . of] s'/ f cfˆgf] cfdfnfO{ ;'gfpF5g\ . cfdfn] pgsf] dfdfnfO{ elG5g\ . dfdfn] cfˆgf] Kof/f] efGhfsf] nflu ;'gsf] afF;'/ L agfP/ k7fOlbG5g\ . ca sfGxf afF;'/ L lnP/ v';L x'Fb} uf] 7fnf] hfg yfN5g\ . pgL cAan afF;'/ L afbs lgl:sP . pgsf] afF;'/ Lsf] ;'l/nf] w'gn] pgs} dfOh" pgsf] k] ddf kml:5g\ . cfˆg} dfOh";Fu pgsf] ulx/f] k] d ;DaGw ufFl;G5 . cfˆg} efGhf;Fu >LdtL k] dhfndf kmF;] sf] s'/ f rfn kfPkl5 dfdfnfO{ c;}Xo x'G5 . t/ clt dfof ug] { efGhfnfO{ s'g} klg axfgfdf s] xL ug] { cj:yfdf lyPgg\ . ef~hf df/] afx'g df/] a/fa/ kfk xf] eGg] 7fg] / pgn] Ps lbg efGhf sfGxfnfO{ gfu/fhsf] lgu/fgLdf /x] sf] km"n l6Kg k7fpF5g\ . dfdfn] km"n l6Kg hfFbf gfu/fhn] 8;] kl5 pgL d5{g\ / dfq d d] / f] >LdtL kfpF5' eg] / . dfg{sf nflu if8oGqk"j{s km"n l6Kg k7fpF5g\ . dfdfsf] OR5fljk/Lt sfGxfn] c:jLsf/ ug{ ;s] gg\ . /, pgL v'zL ;fy km"n lng lx8] . k'u] / ha pgL km'n l6Kg vf] H5g\ To;} a] nf gfu/fhn] 8:5 . pgL d'5f{ k5{g\ . t/ sfGxfnfO{ pgs} k] ldsf dfOh"n] gfu/fh 8;] sf] pkrf/ l;sfP/ k7fPsL lyOg . sfGxfn] dfOh"n] l;sfPsf] ljlw k"/ f u/] . pgL km] l/ Ao"FlemP / km"n NofP/ cfˆgf] dfdfnfO{ k"hfsf] nflu lbP . dfdfsf] if8oGq klg sfGxfnfO{ yfxf lyof] . To;} n] dfdf ha pgn] NofPsf] km"n r9fP/ k"hf u/L 9f] lu/xFbf sfGxfn] t/jf/n] cfˆgf] dfdfsf] aw u/] . cGTodf pgL cfˆgL dfOh";Fu ljjfx u/] . x:tlrq M cli6DsLdf 3/sf] ax/L -kj] zåf/sf] klxnf] sf] 7f, a} 7s sf] 7f_ sf] pQ/kl§sf] leQfdf x:tlrq agfpg] rng 5 . h;df ljleGg dfgjfs[lt / kfs[lts lrqx¿ agfPsf x'G5g\ . h'g dfgj hLjgz} nLnfO{ kltsfTds ?kdf k:t't ul/Psf] x'G5 . plxn] , clxn] sf] h:tf] lrq agfpgsf nflu kof{Kt?kdf /+ux¿ kfOFb} gYof] . lrq agfpgsf nflu ;] dLsf] kft lgrf] / ] / xl/of] / kf] O eGg] hftsf] kfs] sf] kmn lgrf] / ] / /ftf] /ª agfOGYof] . To;} u/L cGo /ªx¿ klg agfOGYof] . lrq agfpg' eGbf klxn] …9f} / fÚ eGg] Ps ljz] if ksf/sf] df6f] n] leQf kf] ltG5 . lrq agfpg'eGbf klxn] ljleGg /+ux¿sf] a'§fn] 3] / f agfOG5 / ToxL 3] / fleQ/ lrq agfOG5 . of] lrq agfpgsf] nflu s'g} ljz] if sfnLu9sf] h?/t k5{ eGg] 5} g . of] lrq l;sf?x¿n] klg agfpg ;S5g\ . 3] / fleq klg tLgj6f sf] 7f x'G5 .

To;sf] dfly csf] { ;fgf] sf] 7f x'G5 . h;df u'af{afsf] ktLs agfOPsf] x'G5 . h'g pN6f] kf/] / agfOG5 . tLgj6f sf] 7fdWo] dflyNnf] sf] 7fdf ljhf] / ;+Vofdf k'?iffs[lt agfOPsf] x'G5 . o;df tLgb] lv ;ft j6f;Ddsf] lrq agfpg ;lsG5 . t/ s] xL 7fpFdf ;f] eGbf klg a9L agfPsf] kfOG5 . w] / } d] xgt nfUg] x'gfn] w] / } ;+Vofdf lrq agfpg g;s] sf] xf] . ;+Vofdf 5] saf/ 5} g . t/ of] ljhf] / ;+Vofdf x'g'kg] { s'/ fdf eg] ;a} sf] Ps?ktf b] lvG5 . ;a} eGbf dflyNnf] sf] 7f k'?ifx¿sf] lrq agfOG5 . agfOPsf lrqdf dfbn le/] sf, afF;'/ L ahfO/x] sf] , aGb"s af] s] sf] tyf 5ftf cf] 9] sf] kfOG5 . o; lrqn] k'?ifx¿sf] ljleGg lqmofsnfk / cj:yfsf] af/] df ;Daf] wg u5{ . To;sf] afofF s'gfdf rGbdf / bfofF s'gfdf ;"o{sf] klg lrq agfOPsf] x'G5 . yf¿ ks[lt k'hs x'g\ eGg] s'/ f afofFkl§ rGbdf / bfofFkl§ ;"o{sf] lrqn] kdfl0ft u5{ .

To;} u/L To;sf] 7Ls tNnf] sf] 7f cyjf aLrsf] sf] 7fdf klg dflyNnf] sf] 7fdf agfOPsf] k'?iffs[lt ;+Vofsf] a/fa/df dlxnfs[lt agfOG5 . pgLx¿sf] b'a} 5] pdf hf] Ss/sf] klg lrq agfOPsf] x'G5 . gfrdf hf] Ss/sf] klg 7"nf] e"ldsf x'g]

ePsf] n] tL lrq agfOPsf] x'g'k5{ . ;a} eGbf tNnf] sf] 7f dflysf] b'a} sf] 7feGbf 7"nf] x'G5 . o;df ljleGg ks[lt;Fu ;DalGwt cfs[ltx¿ agfOPsf] x'G5 . h'g oxfF a"Fbfut?kdf k:t't ul/Psf] 5 . /f] Ogf M tNnf] sf] 7fsf] klZrdkl§ /f] Ogfsf] lrq agfOPsf] x'G5 h;sf] afx j6f 6fpsf x'G5g\ .

To;} n o;nfO{ a/d'jf{ klg elgG5 . s;} s;} n] o;nfO{ /f} gf -/fj0f_ sf] ktLs klg eGg] u/] sf 5g\ . t/ /fj0fsf] hLjg / cfr/0f;Fusf] b'a} 36gf kl/36gf cl:6DsLsf] g uLtdf kfOG5, g s'g} nf] sf] lSt, syf, lsDablGtdf kfOG5 . To;sf/0f /f] Ogf /fj0f geP/ yf? ;d'bfosf] cfˆg} df} lns kfq xf] eGg] s'/ fsf] k'li6 x'G5 . pgsf] lrq agfP klg pgnfO{ k"hf ug] { rng eg] 5} g . pgsf] lrqdf 6Lsf nufPdf nufpg] sf] aRrf aRrL ?g] h:tf rl/qsf hlGdg] hgljZjf; 5 .

8f] nL M dfgj dfq} xf] Og kz'kG5Lx¿df Ps csf{ cfTdLo ;DaGw /xG5 . t/ dflg; af} l4s kf0fL ePsf] n] ;doqmd;Fu} ;DaGwnfO{ cf} krfl/s ?k lbg yfNof] . h;nfO{ ljjfx eg] / elgof] . ljjfx ;[li6sf] cf} krfl/s?kdf klg lnOG5 . ljjfxsf] klxnf] lbg 8f] nL r9] / cfˆgf] >Ldfg\sf] 3/ hfg'kg] { ePsf] n] 8f] nL clgjfo{ x'G5 . shl/s agjf M 3gf h+unnfO{ shl/s jgjf eGg] a'emfpF5 . h+undf sf7, aGohGt', kz'kG5L /xg] af;:yfgsf] ?kdf lnOG5 . sdnsf] km"n M km"n ;'Gb/tfsf] ktLssf] ?kdf lnOG5 . o;sf] kft vfg vfgfsf nflu klg kof] u ul/G5 . cl: 6DsLsf] nf] ssyfdf h+un uPsf ;ft efO 5f] / fx¿n] y f n s f ] cefjdf o;} sf] kftdf vfg vfg] ub{y] . do"/ M do"/ gf} / +uL ;'Gb/ r/f xf] . n f p -8'ª\uf_ M cli6DsLdf 8'ª\ uf oftfoftsf] ;fwgsf] k ltsfTds lrq0f ul/Psf] 5. / } gL d5l/of M /} gL df5f Ps cb\e"t df5f xf] h'g hn–yn b'a} 7fpFdf a:g ;S5 . ;[li6stf{n] ha of] k[YjL ;[li6 ug] {a] nf hn -kfgL_ / yn -hldg_ agfof] / k[YjLdf dT:o cjtf/sf] ?kdf /} gL df5fsf] hGd eof] . / cli6DsLdf klg o;sf] lrq agfpg] ul/Psf] 5 . xnf] hf] Tb} u/] sf] dfG5] M ljleGg ;do;Fu} dfgj hLjgofkgsf nflu v] tLkftL ug'{kg] { ePsf] n] dfgj hLjgz} nL / s[lif k0ffnLsf] laDa . efn] M ;doaf] ws kG5L h;sf] af] nL ;'g] / dflg;n] ;do lgwf{/ 0f u5{g\ . cli6DsLdf klg ;doleq ;a} sfd ug'{kg] { ePsf] n] efn] sf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /x] sf] 5 . ;VnL s'slgof M ;'/ Iffsf] nflu ;VnL s'slgofFsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf 5 . s's'/ Ps akmfbf/ kx/] bf/ hgfj/ xf] . To;sf/0f kx/] bf/ ;'/ Iffsf] nflu ;VnL s'slgofF cFugfdf /x] sf] 7"nf] ?vd'lg afFlwPsf x'G5 .

To;} u/L xfQL, 3f] 8f, afFb/, r/fr'?+uL, df5f, s5'jf, uf] xL, laR5L, ;k{ nufotsf hgfj/x¿ kfs[lts ;Dkbfsf] ?kdf /x] sf] n] cl:6DsLdf ;a} r/fr'?+uL, kz'nufotsf] lrqn] :yfg kfpF5 . cli6DsL b'O{ lsl;dsf] x'G5 . asf{ / 5'6\ sL b'a} df lrq pxL g} x'G5g\ . t/ cfsf/df eg] ;fgf–7"nf x'G5g\ . lbgel/ ef] s} at a;] sfx¿n] asf{ cli6DsLdf k"hf u5{g\ eg] ;–;fgf aRrfx¿ eg] 5'6\sL cli6DsLdf k"hf u5{g\ . hf] ef] s} at a:g'kb} {g . pgLx¿ s] xL s'/ f vfP/ klg a:g ;S5g\ . ;fdf–hfdf M ha ;fFemf ePkl5 cli6DsL agfPsf] 3/sf d'nL dlxnf -cu'lgofF, dxl6lgofF_ cli6DsL agfPsf] ax/LnfO{ /fd/L ufO{sf] uf] a/n] lnkkf] t u/] / ;t/+uL u'bL, k6sL, 9fFlrof u'bL la5\ofpg', hxfF k"hf ug{ NofPsf rdfn /fV5g\ . To:t} cfjZostf cg';f/sf ;fdfgx¿ h'/ fpF5g\ . ;Nnfsf] w"k, gf} gL ldnfP/, l;+b'/ , nf] 6fdf kfgL / b'O{ 3f] 3f;lxtsf] t/f ;lxtsf] ds} cli6DsL agfPsf] klZrdk§L /flvPsf] x'G5 .

86\s§g M cli6DsLsf] klxnf] lbg of at a:g'eGbf klxnf] e6f} / v} gf -b/ vfg] _ sf nflu lbgel/ df5f dfg] { rng 5 . df5f c? lbg klg dfl/G5 . t/ To; lbgsf] df5f dfg] { sfdnfO{ laz] if dflgG5 . lbgel/ nufP/ df/] / NofPsf] df5f w] / } eP ;fFemfsf] vfgf;Fu vfOG5 eg] s] xL /flt e6f} / ;Fu vfgfsf nflu arfOG5 . olb sf/0fjz To; lbg df5f dfg{ ;lsPg eg] e6f} / g} vNnf] dflgG5 . e6f} / ;fFemsf] vfgfkl5 cfˆgf] sfd ;s] / ;'t] sf] s] xL a] / kl5 cyjf efn] af:g'eGbf klxn] vfOG5 . of] vfgf c? lbgsf] eGbf ljz] if x'G5 . df5f;Fu} cGo dL7f–dL7f kl/sf/x¿ klg agfOPsf] x'G5 . h'g a] ;dodf vfFbf dL7f] dfg] / vfg ;lsof] ;\ eg] / To; lsl;dsf kl/sf/x¿ tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . of] vfg] sfd efn] af:g'eGbf klxn] x'G5 . olb s;} n] efn] af;] kl5 vfof] eg] pm h'7f] k/] sf] 7xl/G5 / at a:g kfpFb} g . k"hf M ;fFem k/] kl5 at a:g] x¿ gofF–gofF sk8f nufP/ cli6DsL agfPsf] 3/df hfG5g\ . ;fydf yfndf Ps dfgf rfdn, xl/of] sfFqmf, sfFqmf geP Hofd'/ , ef] u6] , :ofpnufotsf kmnkm"n lnP/ uPsf x'G5g\ . yfnsf] rfdndfly df6f] sf] bLof] klg afn] / nu] sf x'G5g\ . ToxfF ufpFel/sf of 6f] nel/sf dlxnfx¿ hDdf x'G5g\ . atfn' dfq} geP/ ToxfF x] / fn'x¿sf] klg p:t} eL8 nfu] sf]

x'G5 . ha ;a} hgf hDdf eO;s] kl5 To; 3/sf] cu'lgofF k"hf z'? u5{ . cli6DsLsf] ;a} eGbf dfly cyjf 6fpsf] df u'af{afsf] lrq agfPsf] x'G5 .

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8';/] 6] l;l/hn cGg sO k] / ] + . l;l/ 6] u} nfF xf] cGg sO la/f] u .. l6;/] 6] l;l/hn cGg sO 8fF/ ] . l;l/ 6] u} nfF cGg sO kf6 .. rf} 6] 6] l;l/nh cGg sO km'nf . l;l/ 6] u} nfF cGg sO kmn .. c:/fO{ h} gf M laxfg efn] af;] kl5 3/sf] cu'lgofF cli6DsLsf] 8f] nLdf agfOn ck"0f{ sfGxfnfO{ k"0f{tf lbgsf nflu c?s} af/Lsf] s+} 7f -lrlr08f] _ rf] / ] / Nofpg'k5{ . rf] / ] / NofPsf] s} +7fsf] k"hf u/] / k"0f{ ul/G5 . o;/L k"0f{ ePkl5 sfGxfsf] hGd ePsf] dflgG5 . otf efn] af;] kl5 atfn'x¿sf] vfg] lkpg] sfo{ aGb x'G5 . pgLx¿n] cli6DsL lj;h{gsf nflu 6k/L v'6\g yfN5g\ . 6k/L ;fwf/0f 6k/LeGbf laz] if ksf/sf] x'G5 . 6k/Ldf kfts} kfFr of ;ftj6f bLof hf] l8Psf] x'G5 . laxfg ePkl5 hDdf eO;s] kl5 cfˆgf] rfdndfly /flvPsf] sfFqmf] sf] e] 6\gf] / kft klg ToxL 6k/Ldf /fV5g\ / k'gM bLof] afN5g\ . ha cu'lgofF cfˆgf] ;a} ;fdfg tof/ u/] / lgl:sPkl5 c? klg ;Fu} nfU5g\ 3f6, gbL, s'nf] lt/ . ToxL lj;h{g u/] / lgxfO{ 3/ kmlsG5g\ . km/xf/ M lj;h{gkl5 cfˆgf] lt/ nfU5g\ . 3/df vFl/of, km'nf} / L, kf] FO / lemn+uLsf] 7';f, ;'s] sf] df5f, eft tof/ u5{g\ . ha tof/ x'G5, ta …km/xf/Ú ug{sf nflu tof/ x'G5g\ . km/xf/ ug] {a] nf klg ;fFemf u/] h:t} cluof/L lbO{ cfˆgf] r] nLa] 6Lsf] nflu cuf;g lgsfNg] rng 5 . cuf;g M r] nLa] 6Lx¿sf] gfddf lgsflnPsf] vfg] s'/ fnfO{ cuf;g elgG5 . ;a} sfd ;lsPkl5 cfˆgf r] nLa] 6Lx¿nfO{ cuf;g lbg hfG5g\ . of] w] / } lbgkl5 lbbL alxgLx¿;Fusf] e] 6n] ;b\efj cfTdLo a9fpF5 . r] nLx¿ cfˆgf] bfh'–efOnfO{ ;Ddfg u5{g\ . yf¿ ;d'bfodf bf? hfF8, df;' v'jfP/ ;Ddfg u5{g\ . e] 63f6af6 dgdf nfu] sf] kL/–Joyf ;'Gg] ;'gfpg] cj;/sf] ?kdf klg lnOG5 . o;/L ljlwjt?kdf cli6DsL ;lsG5 . lxhf] eGbf cfh cli6DsL w] / } km] / abn eO;s] sf] 5 . ks[lt k"hs yf? ;d'bfosf] of] df} lns kj{ eP klg sfnfGt/df cfP/ of] o;sf] afXo kefj klg kl//x] sf] 5 . klxNnf] ;do o; kj{nfO{ s[i0fsf] ufyf;Fu hf] 8] / j0f{g ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . / ha/h:t lxGb"s/0f ug{ yflnPsf] klg kfOG5 . cfd dflg;x¿sf] a'emfOdf cl:6DsL / s[i0f hGdfi6dL Pp6} xf] eGg] unt a'emfO /x] sf] kfOG5 . t/ o;sf] ulx/fO / jf:tljs To;f] geP/ cl:6DsL ks[lt, ;[li6 / dfgj hLjgz} nLsf] ufyf ufOG5 . h'g uLt yf? ;d'bfosf] ;a} eGbf k'/ fgf] dflgg] …u'af{as hNdf} l6Ú uLtsf] x'ax' syfa:t'df cfwfl/t nofGt/ ul/Psf] ult xf] . of] rf8 c? rf8kj{ h:t} ljs[t aGb} uPsf] 5 . w] / } n] cfw'lgstfsf] gfddf kmh'n vr{ ug] {, ;Ddfgsf] gfddf dx+uf /S;L, /+ux¿sf] kof] u, df} lns kl/sf/eGbf afXo kl/sf/sf] kof] u h'g cTolws?kdf kof] u ul/Psf] x'G5 . cfhsf] cj:yf ?9 ;+: sf/nfO{ kl/dfh{g u/] / kultzLn ;+: sf/ lgdf{0f ug'{ :jfefljs xf] . t/ ;+: sf/ kl/dfh{gsf] gfpFdf To;nfO{ cem vlr{nf] , dx+uf, e8\sfjk"0f{, ;dfhdf gsf/fTds kefj kf5{ .

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5ljnfn sf]lknf ;d'bfodf /x] sf] rf8jf8, x/] s pT;jnufotsf ;+: s[lt;Fu hf] l8P/ /x] sf] ljljwtfn] Tof] ;d'bfosf] klxrfg emNsfpF5 . g] kfn o:tf] b] z xf] hxfF ljleGg hflt ;d'bfosf] cfcfˆg} snf ;+: s[ltx¿ /x] sf 5g\ . rf8 kj{, rfnrng /x] sf] 5g\ . o;n] b] zsf] ;f+: s[lts dxTjnfO{ lhjGt agfpF5 / Psfsf{] ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;f+: s[lts dxTjnfO{ a'‰g] cj;/ klg kbfg u5{ . cfh yf¿ ;d'bfodf dgfOg] Ps dxTjk"0f{ rf8 … cl:6DsLÚ sf] af/] df s] xL rrf{ ul/g] 5 . cli6DsL d"ntM yf¿ ;d'bfodf dlxnfx¿sf] kj{ xf] . / :j] R5f cg';f/ k'?ifx¿ klg at a:g ;S5g\ . of] kj{df lbgel/ at a:g] rng 5 . ca nfuf} + of] kj{ s] xf] < lsg dgfOG5 < s;/L dflgG5 eGg] lt/ . x/] s kj{;Fu kf} / fl0fs, P] ltxfl;s cyjf nf] s dfGotfx¿ hf] l8Psf x'G5g\ / log} dfGotfx¿ g} rf8 kj{sf vf; cfwf/x¿ klg x'g\ . o;sf/0f cl:6lDsLsf nf] s dfGotfx¿ s] s] x'g\ o; af/] df hfGg h?/L 5 . vf; u/] / cl:6DsLnfO{ tLgj6f ldysLo dfGotfx¿ krngdf /x] sf 5g\ . != nf] ssyf, @= cl:6lDss uLt / s[i0f lnnf . o;} n] cl:6DsL a'‰gsf nflu oL tLgj6f ldysx¿sf af/] df rrf{ u/f} + . nf] ssyf ha u'af{af -;[li6stf{_ n] hn, ynsf] ;[li6 ul/;s] kl5 jg:klt x'Fb} hLjhGt'x¿sf] pTklQ eof] . k[YjLdf dflg; ;j{>] i7 kf0fLsf] ?kdf b] vf k¥of] . ljleGg r/0f kf/ ub} { ha s[lif k0ffnLdf kj] z u5{ . To;} a] nf Ps Pp6f ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ lyof] . pgLx¿ ;ft efO 5f] / fx¿ lyP . ;a} efOx¿ ldn] / sfd uy] { / aif{el/nfO{ v] taf6 cGg pTkfbg uy] { . pgLx¿ v] tLkftL ;lsPkl5 kTo] s jif{ xnf] , h'jf sf6\g h+un hfGy] .

Ps k6s ;fpg–ebf} df v] tL ;lsPkl5 pgLx¿ ;ft} efO xnf] –h'jf sf6\g h+un lgl:sP . h+un 6f9f lyof] , o;sf/0f pgLx¿n] Ps b'Olbgsf] vr{ af] s] / uPsf lyP . o;/L h+un uPsf >Ldfg\x¿ ;dodf gcfPkl5 ltgLx¿sf >LdtLx¿ klg cflQg yfn] . pgLx¿ uPs} lbgb] lv kTo] s lbg 3/ leQfdf wsf] { tfg] / lrgf] rnfpFy] . lbg lal;{G5 eg] / klxn] 3/sf] leQfdf wsf] { tfGg] rng lyof] . ha ;ftf} + lbg;Dd klg sf] xL gcfPkl5 pgLx¿ lrGtfdf k/] / pgLx¿sf] cfz klg 6'6\of] . lrGtfn] ubf{ cf7f} + lbg pgLx¿n] r'nf] af/] . s'g} vfgf kfs] g, kfgL ;d] t vfPgg\ . afnaRrfx¿ af;L eft / af/Ldf kmn] sf sfFqmf vfP/ /x] .

7Ls To;} ;fFem ;ft} efO 5f] / fx¿ 6'kn'Ss cfOk'u] . 3/df lgs} v'lzofnL 5fof] . ;a} n] vfgf, eft–efG;f klg jf:tf u/] gg\ . ;a} j[QfGt ;'Gg / ;'gfpgd} d:t /x] . /ft To;} laTof] . t/ 3/df Pshgf sfg g;'Gg] a'9Lcfdf lyOg\ . pgn] cfFvfn] b] v] klg sfgn] eg] s] xL ;'Gb} g lyOg\ .

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O;¿ kd'v kfq . pgL Pp6f ls;fg kl/jf/df hlGdG5g\ . pgsf] ljjfx hf;';Fu x'G5 . v] tLls;fgL ePsf] n] Ps lbg xnf] h'jf sf6\g h+un hfG5g\ . ha sf7 lnP/ cfPkl5 xnf] s;/L agfpg] pgnfO{ yfxf x'Fb} g pgsL >Ldlt hf;'n] l;sfPkl5 pgL xnf] tof/ u5{g / To;} n] v] tLkftL u5{g . ;do qmd cg';f/ hf;' ue{jtL x'G5g\ . ue{jtL ePkl5 ufpFsf] Pshgf 8] luof eGg] nfO{ O;¿n] ;f] 8] gL af] nfpg k7fpF5g\ . ;f] 8] gLsf] 3/ pgnfO{ yfxf x'Fb} g . af] nfpg hfg] cfb] z ePkl5 pm ;f] Wb} –;f] Wb} hfG5 . af6f] df ;'?df afvf r/fpg] nfO{ ;f] W5, p;nfO{ yfxf x'Fb} g, p;n] e] 8f r/fpg] nfO{ ;f] Wg k7fpF5, e] 8f r/fpg] nfO{ klg yfxf x'Fb} g p;n] ;'Fu'/ r/fpg] nfO{ k7fpF5 . o:t} ufO{–uf] ?, e} ;L, 3f] 8f, pmF6, xfQL r/fpg] ;a} ;Fu ;f] Wb} , p;n] s'jfFdf kfgL lng cfPsf dlxnf,

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lyP . kfFrj6f sf]6x?dWo] clxn] tLyf{6g ko{6sx?sf nflu ;a}eGbf w]/} k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ePsf] tf/fhfnsf]6 xf] . k~rsf]6 hfbf kbdfu{df /dfpg] ko{6sx?sf nflu sfl/sf]6 klg k'Ug ;lsG5 . tf/fhfnsf]6df /x]sf] xg'dfgsf] d"lt{eGbf dflyNnf] 8fF8fsf] y'Dsfdf sfl/sf]6sf] dlGb/ kb{5 . sfl/sf]6 dlGb/df e"/] 6fs'/] /fhfx?sf] kfnfdf r9fPsf t/jf/ / bfpx? klg b]Vg kfOG5 . sfl/sf]6df klg e'/] 6fs'/] /fhfx?n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] eujtLsf] dlGb/ /x]sf] 5 . 8fF8fsf] y'Dsfdf /x]sfn] sfl/sf]6 dlGb/sf] kl/;/af6 ko{6sx?n] lxdfn / cGo /d0fLo b[Zox? cjnf]sg ug{ ;Sb5g\ . sfl/sf]6 eGbf s]xL ldg]6 psfnf]sf] ofqfdf dfemsf]6 /x]sf] 5 . dfemsf]6af6 sl/jg ! 3G6fsf] k}bn ofqfdf k'lug] /fo+/fo+sf]6df afxf+} / t]xf+} ztfAbLlt/sf /fhf;u hf]l8Psf] Oltxf; 5 . k~rsf]6sf] clGtd sf]6 ;+;f/sf]6 xf] . afUn'ª lhNnfsf] bf];f] cUnf] kxf8 klg ;+;f/sf]6 xf] . ;+;f/sf]6df e'/] 6fs'/] /fhf /hf}6fsf b/af/sf s]xL eUgfjz]if, wfg s'6\g] l9sL, cf]vn h:tf s]xL 9'+ufx? b]Vg ;lsG5 . k~rsf]6af6 sl/a 8]8 3G6fsf] psfnf] ofqfdf k'lug] ;+;f/sf]6sf] r'r/' f] ko{6ssf nflu /d0fLo dflgG5 . ;+;f/sf]6sf] r'r/' f]af6 x]bf{ jl/k/L xl/of kxf8x?, kfvf kv]/f, em/gfx? / pQ/df /x]sf wjnflu/L, gLnlu/L, df5fk'R5], cGgk"0f{ h:tf ;'Gb/ lxd>+[vnfx? cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;+;f/sf]6af6 ko{6ssf] ;fydf b'/ljg 5 eg] kj{tsf] sfls{g]6f, DofUbL, u'NdLsf s]xL kxf8L y'Dsf, sf:sL / d':tfªsf s]xL ufpFx?sf / sf:sLsf] km]jftfn, klZrdsf] 3'D6]sf] n]s / zf]n]sf] w'/L, 9f]/kf6gsf] w'/L / blIf0fsf] ufFhfsf] w'/L ;d]t b]Vg ;lsG5 . afUn'ª lhNnfsf] 3'dlkm/df ;do eof] eg] k'/fgf vfgLx? klg cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 . uNsf]6sf /fhfsf] kfnfdf tLgj6f tfdf / Pp6f kmnfd vfgL ;~rfng u/L /fHonfO{ cfly{s pTkfbgdf nufPsf lyP . afUn'ª hfg] ufdL0f ko{6sx? uNsf]6 b/af/sf] af/]df rf;f] /fV5g\ . sltko ko{6s unsf]6 k'Ug] clenfiff ;d]t /fV5g\ . unsf]6 b/af/ unsf]6 gu/kflnsfsf] xl/rf}/df kb{5 . afUn'ª ahf/b]lv xl/rf}/;Ddsf] b"/L sl/j $* lsnf]ld6/ kb{5 . ;fgf ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 xl/rf}/ k'Ug sl/j @ 3G6f nfU5 . uNsf]6sf /fhf udL{sf] ;dodf 9f]/kf6g If]qdf / hf8f]sf] ;dodf tfsddf a;L /fHo rnfpg] ub{y] . ko{6sx?sf nflu uNsf]6sf vfgLsf If]q k'Ug ;s] w]/} cWoog cjnf]sg x'G5 . ko{6sx? afUn'ª 3'dlkm/df hfFbf 3'D6]sf] n]s k'u]gg\ eg] 3'dlkm/ cw'/f] h:t} x'G5 . afUn'ªsf] dWoefusf] klxrfg xf] 3'D6]sf] n]s . h'g n]snfO{ k[i7e"lddf /fv]/ s}of}+ snfsf/n] uLt agfPsf 5g\ . unsf]6 gu/kflnsfdf kg]{ 3'D6] n]s ;d'›L ;txb]lv ! xhf/ # ;o (# lkm6 prfOdf /x]sf] 5 . afUn'ª ;b/d'sfdb]lv sl/a %)=lsnf] ld6/sf] b"/Ldf kg]{ 3'D6] n]s hfg vf; u/L # j6f af6fx? kof]u ug{ ;lsG5 . unsf]6 kf08jvfgL, xl/rf}/ / tf/fvf]nfaf6 3'D6]sf] n]s hfg ;lsG5 . 3'D6]af6 b]lvg] ;'Gb/ lxd>[+vnf, ljleGg khfltsf nfnLu'/fF; ko{6sx?n] b]Vg ;S5g\ . 3'D6]sf] lz/df l;4 / e}/jsf] dlGb/ klg 5 . jfUn'ª lhNnfsf] clwsf+z e"–efu k"jL{ efudf 9Ns]sf] 5 . k"jL{ e]usf] l;dfgf kljq sfnLu08sLn] lbPsf] 5 . DofUbL, kj{t / jfUn'ªsf] aLrdf sfnLu08sL axg] x'Fbf jftfj/0fLo lx;fjn] klg afUn'ª /fdf] 7fpF dflgG5 . afUn'ª lhNnfdf 3'dlkm/ ubf{ kfoM ;a} 7fpFdf sRrL eP klg ;8s dfu{ k'u]sf] 5 . s'g} klg ufpFdf vfgf a:g ko{6sx?nfO{ c;'ljwf x'Fb}g . afUn'ªdf dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ !$) lsnf]ld6/ kb{5 . afUn'ª kj{tsf] l;dfgf sflnu08sL lsgf/sf] dfn9'ª\ufb]lv nf]sdfu{n] hf]l8G5 . dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{n] afUn'ª lhNnfdf afUn'ª ahf/, cIf]t], lj?sf] l/hfnrf]s, unsf]6 xl6of ahf/, g/]7f6L, vjf{ª ahf/, Gjf/f vf}nf/, vf/fahf/, led3f6, a'lt{jfª ahf/ eP/ k"jL{ ?s'dsf] l;dfgf kfltxfNg] :yfg kf/ ePkl5 nf]sdfu{n] n'lDagL kb]zdf hf]l8G5 . nf]sdfu{df afUn'ªdf afUn'ª–a]gL ;8s, afUn'ª gu/kflnsfsf] laleGg jf8sf ;8s, cIf]t] / tf/fvf]nfsf] ufdL0f ;8s, b'lnofdf6L, g/]7fF6L, xl/rf}/, dNdkf08vfgL, l/3f, vjf{ª l;;fvfgLsf ufdL0f ;8s klg hf]l8Psf 5g\ . To;}u/L Hofª\gf, UjfnLrf}/, ledlu7] bln{ª / 9f]/kf6gsf] ;8s ;d]t hf]l8Psf] 5 . a'lt{jfª eGbf cufl8 tdfgsf] ufdL0f ;8s / b]jL:yfgdf ;fnem'08L–9f]/kf6gsf] ;8s klg dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{df hf]l8Pkl5 kb]zsf] l;dfgf kfltxfNg] k'U5 . ufdL0f ko{6sx?sf] nflu afUn'ª lhNnf 3'dlkm/sf] nflu /fdf] dflgG5 . kfoM ;j} hflt hghfltx?sf] a;f]af; ePsf] lhNnf xf] afUn'ª . ufdL0f If]qdf af]nLg] ld7f] :yfgLo efiffsf] dfWodaf6 kfx'gfx?sf] :jfut ug{df kl5 kb}{gg afUn'ªsf b"/b/fh a:tLsf dflg; . afUn'ª k'Ug] ko{6sx?n] clxNo g;'g]sf] :yfgLo efiffsf] :j/ e}Rr, vfORr, elgRr, xgt, eGg] h:tf w]/} gofF :yfgLo efiffsf] cg'e"t ug{ kfpF5g\ . cfhef]ln afUn'ªdf ufdL0fIf]qdf ;d]t Aofkf/L s]Gbx?sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] a'lt{jfª ahf/ la:tf/ ePsf] 5 . ;8s oftfoftn] 5f]Psf b"/b/fhsf j:tLdf ;d]t Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/ a9\b} uPsf] 5 . vjf{ª ahf/, z]/f ahf/ / vf/ ahf/n] ufdL0f a:tLdf k'Ug] ko{6sx?nfO{ cfjZos ;fdfg lsgd]n / vfgfa:g ;xh ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L xl6of ahf/, xl/rf}/, l/hfnrf]s lax" j/]ª ahf/ x'DbLlz/, vfn ahf/ ledlu7]n] klg ufdL0f ahf/sf] la:tf/ ePsf] 5 . afUn'ª lhNnfaf6 wf}/flu/L, dfR5fk'5«] h:tf kfs[lts b[ion] dgdf]xs agfpg] lxdfn b]lvP klg afUn'ª lhNnfdf eg] lxdfn 5}g . t/ klg lxdfnL xfjfkfgL, lxdfnL e]udf kfOg] jGohGt'sf] af/]df cWoog ug{ / b[iofjnf]sg ug{nfO{ eg] 9f]/kf6g 5 . jfUn'ª, DofUbL, ?s'd / 8f]Nkf lhNnfsf] aLrdf kg]{ 9f]/kf6gdf kfdL{ tfn, pQ/ u+uf gbLsf] pb\ud If]q / 9f]/kf6g lzsf/ cf/If kb{5 . ;fd'lGbs ;txaf6 rf/ xhf/ rf/ /o &* ld6/sf] prfOdf /x]sf] 9f]/kf6g afUn'ª lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd afUn'ª ahf/b]lv *) lsld klZrddf kb{5 .

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bfª / emfkfnfO{ hf]8\g e"ldsf v]n]+ u uf] kL/d0f pkfWofo -uf] kL u'?_, jl/i7 pkfWoIf, kultzLn n] vs ;+3 g] kfn lj=;+= @))# ;fn h] i7 !! ut] dftf pdfb] jL pkfWofo / lktf xl/k;fb pkfWofosf] sf] vdf ;fdfGo lgDgdWod juL{o ls;fg kl/jf/df hGdg'ePsf uf] kL/d0f pkfWofo -uf] kL u'?_ bz{g, /fhgLlt / ;flxTosf Pshgf uDeL/ cWootf, klzIfs / l;4:t n] vs x'g'x'G5 . ;+: s[tdf ;flxTofrfo{ pkfWofosf] :yfoL a;f] af; a'6jn eP klg clxn] /fhwfgLdf /x] / ;fwgf/t x'g'x'G5 . k"jL{o ef} ltsjfb, kfs[lts ef} ltsjfb, af} 4 bz{g ;/n cWoog, if8bz{g ;d'Rro, s] xL bfz{lgs lgaGwx?nufot bh{gf} s[lt tyf bh{gf} cg'lbt pxfFsf s[ltx? ksflzt 5g\ . af} l4s ;fDojfb / j} 1flgs ;fDojfb Ps t'ngfTds cWoog gfds dxTjk"0f{ s[lt ahf/df cfpFb} 5 . lj=;+= @)#^ af6 kqsfl/tfdf klg kj] z ug'{ePsf pkfWofon] w] / } ;flxlTos tyf /fhgLlts klqsfsf] klg ;Dkfbg ug'{ePsf] 5 . lzIff If] qdf klg dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg k'¥ofpg'ePsf cxf] / fq sfddf v6\g] kf1 uf] kL/d0f pkfWofo g] kfnsf] n] vg / ;flxTosf] If] qdf uf] kL u'?sf gfpFn] kVoft x'g'x'G5 . ;f+u7lgs lhDd] jf/Lsf y'k} cg'ej ;+ufNg'ePsf uf] kL/d0f pkfWofo kultzLn n] vs ;+3 g] kfnsf] jl/i7 pkfWoIf x'g'x'G5 . k:t't 5– pxfF;Fu ul/Psf] s'/ fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If] k .

– ;Dkfbs tkfO“ ;+: s[t ;flxTo k9] sf] Pshgf kfl1s JolQmTj x'g'x'G5 . of] If] qsf ljåfgx? ef} ltsjfbL bz{gsf] kIfkftL ePsf] lj/n} kfOG5 . t/ tkfO“ åGåfTds ef} ltsjfbsf] JofVoftf / dfS;{jfbL ljrf/s x'g] k] / 0ff s;/L kfKt ug'{eof] < d afnssfnb] lv g} lh1f;' / tfls{s vfnsf] lyPF . !! jif{sf] pd] / df lktfhLn] dnfO{ jtaGw ul/lbg'eof] . hg} wf/0f u/] kl5 g'xfP/ vfg'kg] { ef] . hg} z/L/af6 5'6fpg} x'Fb} g eGg] lyof] . dnfO{ s] x'Fbf] / x] 5 t < eGg] lh1f;f hfUof] . hg} lems] F, gg'xfOsg vfPF, s] xL klg ePg .

To;kl5 afDx0f kl/jf/df h] ug{ x'Fb} g eGg] lyof] ToxL ToxL u/] F . s] xL ePg . ljZjf; 36\b} uof] . kl5 agf/;df k9\g uOof] . Tolta] nf of] ljifo k9\g] eGg] x'Fb} gYof] . d} n] of] hgf agfP/ ;+: s[t k9] sf] xf] Og . agf/; uPkl5 ToxL+ ;+: s[t kl9of] . d bfOsf] kl5 nfu] / agf/; uPsf] lyPF . ;g\ !(^% df d} n] pQ/ dWodf ;s] sf] lyPF . ;g\ !(&& ;Dd agf/;df a;] / k9] F . kbLk lu/Lnufot sltko ;xkf7Lx? sf+u] ; lyP . :jtGq} lyP . t/ ;+ut b] v] / dnfO{ sltko ;fyLx?n] sf+u] ; eg] / tbg'?k Jojxf/ ub{y] . dnfO{ agfPsf] agf/;n] xf] . @)@& df d} n] g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;b:otf lnPF . k"/ f rf/ jif{ agf/;df s= k'iknfn;Fu a;] F . pxfFn] nuftf/ k9\g] s'/ fdf hf] 8 lbO/xg'x'GYof] . gk9\g] dfG5] sDo'lgi6 ag] / gofF ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb} g eGg'x'GYof] . s= k'iknfn cToGt Jofjxfl/s g] tf x'g'x'GYof] . sDo'lgi6 3f] if0ffkq nufot dfS;{jfbL bz{g kl9of] . cWoogs} cfwf/df kl5 k"jL{o bz{gnfO{ klg cfnf] rgfTds ljj] ssf ;fy x] g{ yfn] F . o;/L d sDo'lgi6 ePsf] x'F . /fx'n ;f+s[Tofg, cd[t 8fFu] cflbsf k': tsx?n] lgs} kefj kf/] . lgDg dWod eGbf lgDg ju{sf] ] kl/jf/df hGd] sf] atfpg'x'G5, oqf] lzIff cfh{g ug{ Tof] klg ef/tdf a;] / s;/L ;Dej eof] < 3/ cln b'u{ddf lyof] . ;b/d'sfddf vr{ af] s] / k9\g klg ;lhnf] lyPg . To;} n] agf/;lt/ nfu] sf] lyPF .

Tolta] nf lkmdf vfgf vfP/ 5fqa[lQdf k9\g kfOGYof] .

To;/L k9] sf] lyPF . hLjg ;+3if{do /Xof] . agf/; k9\bf lk=Pr=8L= ug] { eg] / ;Dk"0ff{gGb ljZjljBfnodf d} n] k:tfj u/] sf] zLif{s gfl:ts eof] eg] / :jLs[t ul/lbPg . lzIf0f k] zfdf nfu] / cfGtl/s?kdf sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf nflu/x] F . kl/jf/ kfNg] ;d:ofn] xf] n6fOd/ x'g ;lsg . k'iknfnl;t 3lgi7tf cfh klg k'iknfnsf] ljrf/nfO{ pRr d"Nof+sg ug'{x'G5 . dfn] df s;/L cfpg'eof] ] < lj=;+= @)@& ;fndf xfdf] kl/jf/ :ofª\hfaf6 ?kGb] xL em/] sf] xf] . @)## lt/ emfkf ljbf] xsf s] xL ;fyLx?n] gVv' h] n a] s u/] / aflx/ cfP . kbLk g] kfn, l;=kL= d} gfnL, uf] kfn zfSox?l;t ;Dks{ eof] . pxfFx?n] qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngnfO{ ;+of] hg u/] / cufl8 a9\g] s'/ f ug'{eof] . s= k'iknfnsf] sfo{lbzfdf g} cl8u lyPF . d} n] tkfOFx?sf] pujfdkGyL nfOg xf] eg] F . Tolta] nf sf] –cl8{g] zg s] Gb ag] sf] lyof] . ;+ut a9\b} uof] . ;a} nfO{ hf] 8] / ljzfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ agfpg] p2] Zodf k"0f{ ;xdlt eof] . bfªsf] ;Gb] z ;d"xsf g] tf g] qnfn cefuL / kbLk g] kfnx?nfO{ d} n] d] ] / } 3/df e] 6 u/fP/ emfkfnL / bªfnLnfO{{ ldnfpg e"ldsf v] n] sf] lyPF . kl5 s] xL ;d"x ldnfP/ g] =s=kf= -dfn] _ aGof] . o;/L otf sfd ub} { cfOof] . kf6L{df d] / f] sfd k9\g] –k9fpg] , n] Vg] o:t} sfd eof] . tkfO“ bz{g, /fhgLlt / ;flxTosf] uDeL/ cWootf x'g'x'G5 . dfS;{jfbL bz{g, /fhgLlt, g] kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] ;Qf /fhgLltsf]

;vf/} glx8f] ;\ eG5, af] sL clS;hg d] / } 5ftL 6] sL gfs eP/ axg] xfjf / eG5 cfsfzdf pl8hfg] r/fn] gla:6\of] ;\ / g pldof] ;\ a/ / kLkn ;'G5', blIf0faf6 rn] sf] l;/] 6f] 7f] lsG5 pQ/lt/ / cfdfsf] cfF;' em} klVn/xG5 ;u/dfyf . clg x8Kg vf] Hb} 5 /] ;Ldf Jofkf/L / ltyf{6gsf gfOs] x? ;': tf, sfnfkfgL / lnk'x? / t nflu/x] 5 s] xL em's] em} lz/ s] xL /f] s] em} Zjf; s] xL v'lDrPem} 5ftL To;} n] , cfuf] cf] sNb} zs'lg kv] 6f 5] Sg vf] Hb} 5, d] / } 3/sf] 5fgf] eP/ pbfpg] 3fd .

tf/tDotf ldn] sf] b] Vg'x'G5 < bz{g eg] sf] ;fdflhs Pj+ Jofjxfl/s r] tgfsf] ;jf] {Rr cleJolQm xf] . bz{g o'usf] af} l4s ;f/tTj xf] . of] juL{o x'G5 . g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6nfO{ ax'dt lbP/ g] kfnL hgtfn] u/] / b] vfpg] cj;/ lbPsf x'g\ . t/ s] bz{gsf s'/ f ug'{x'G5 < sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;/sf/sf] g] t[Tjn] t Pp6f ;fdfGo a'l4 klg gePsf] ] d"v{ dfG5] n] ug] { h:tf] sfd kf] u¥of] . g] t[Tj cx+sf/L eof] . kf6L{sf] ;Nnfx grflxg] , ljwfg dfq xf] Og, ;+ljwfg g} ldRg] kltufdL sfd u/] . ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ 9Nof] , sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng g} aaf{b eof] . ca n] vs, ;flxTosf/sf] bfloTj s] x'G5 < ;dfh cuudg / kltudg x'Fb} cufl8 a9\5 . o:tf] x'G5 t/ ;dfh cuudgsf] lbzfdf cufl8 a9\5 . ;dfhjfbsf] lbzfdf cufl8 a9\b5 . ?;df kltqmflGt eP klg ;dfhjfbsf] kIfdf dfqfTds?kdf sfd t eO/x] s} ] 5 . o:tf 36gfnfO{ ;fdfGo?kdf ux0f u/] / hgtfnfO{ lg/fz x'g glbg] ;fduL k:sg'kb{5 . Oltxf;sf] rqm o:t} x'G5 . ;dfhjfbleq kltqmflGtsf/Lx? hGdG5g\ . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{df klg hGd] sf 5g\ . t/ ltgsf] k/fho c;DefjL 5 . ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] Oltxf;df klg n] vs, ;flxTosf/x? ;Qfsf] kfoM afuL lsQfdf pleG5g\, lsg xf] nf < /fhgLlt / ;flxTo b'a} juL{o x'G5g\ . /fhgLltsf] efiff s7f] / x'G5 . ;flxTosf] efiff gd / 3'dfp/f] x'G5 . ;fFRr} n] vs ;flxTosf/x?df cWoogsf] / lrGtgsf] bfo/f km/flsnf] x'G5 . /fhgLltdf ;Qf:jfy{sf] , kbsf] , ;''ljwfsf] s'/ f cfpF5 . /fhgLlt s] xL ;+sL0f{, ;fFu'/ f] eOxfNbf] /x] 5 . egfO / sfd u/fOdf Ps?ktf gx'Fbf n] vs, ;flxTosf/nfO{ afuL wf/df pleg''kg] { afWotf klg l;h{gf x'G5 . ePsf] ToxL xf] . kultzLn n] vs ;+3 g] kfn s] ub} {5 < tTsfnLg kwfgdGqL s] =kL= zdf{ cf] nLn] ;+j} wflgs s' u/] / kltufdL sbd rfn] . To;sf lj?4df jQmJo lgsfnf} + eGg] xfdf] k:tfjdf cWoIf ;xdt x'g' ePg . of] lj8Dagf g} xf] . t;y{ d kn] ;sf] jl/i7 pkfWoIf ePsf] gftfn] d] / f] g] t[Tjdf %! hgf s] GbLo ;ldltsf ;fyLx? ldn] / jQmJo lgsfNof} F / kultzLn n] vs ;+3n] ug'{kg] { / lgefpg'kg] { e"ldsf lgefof} F . g] kfndf jfd lzlj/sf] Pp6f cljeflht ;+: yfsf ?kdf kn] ; dfq afFr] sf] 5 . s] ug] { km'6\g lbg'ePg . c? o:t} rln/x] sf] 5 . k:t'ltM zlzw/ e08f/L

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c?nfO{ lbPsf] wgdfn kl5 cfkm}nfO{ cfjZos kg{ ;Sg]5 . s;}sf] Jojxf/n] z+sf plAhg ;Sg]5 . cfnf]rgfaf6 aRgf];\ .

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nfU5 vf] Hb} 5, xfQLnfO{ dfpt] n] nufpg] c+s'z em} c+s'z nufpg, clg kf] x'g pldPsf 5ftLsf leQfx?df s7f] / / /fi6«jfbL ltvf ;'O/fx? / kf] eGg dg nfU5 5f] l8b] p ;f} t] gL cfdfem} kultdf 8fxf ug] {x? dnfO{ d] / } g] kfn aGg b] pm dnfO{ d] / } g] kfn eGg b] pm d g] kfn x'F g] kfn / t, ;': tf, sfnfkfgL / lnk' x'F / kf] g] kfn x'F ag] sf] xf] k'vf{x?s} lz/af6 ;u/dfyf cl:tk~h/af6 kxf8 df+;k] zLaf6 t/fO{ s] egf} + < ldl;Psf] 5 oxL df6f] df gfeLsf] uGw / kf] Ao"lemPsf x'g\ wldnf] ;kgfleq 8'a'NsL dfb} { ;': tf, sfnfkfgL / lnk'x? ..

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Pdfn] bfªsf cWoIf x'sd' a:g]t / ;lrj dgf]x/ a'9fyf]sLn] lj1lKt lgsfn]/ :jf:YosdL{x?sf] dgf]jn a9fpg'sf] ;f6f] b'Jo{jxf/ ug]{ unt sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf] eGb} cg]/f:jljo'sf ;+of]hs ;h{g kl/of/;lxt tLg}hgfnfO{ lhDd]jf/Laf6 lg:sflzt u/L kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:o;d]t g/xg]u/L sf/jfxL ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . lj1lKtdf unt sfo{df ;+nUgx?nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ kf6L{n] ;xof]u ug]{ pNn]v 5 .

dnfdL uPsf b]jsf]6fnfO{ ;fnsf ca}w sf7;lxt tLghgf kqmfp aaO{n] aufpF“bf d[To' o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf

;Nofg, !! ebf} . ;Nofgdf Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf ^* kltzt d'2f km5\of} {6 ePsf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* sf] c;f/ d;fGt;Dd lhNnf cbfnt ;Nofgdf btf{ ePsf dWo] ^* kltzt d'2f km5\of} {6 ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . z'qmaf/ cbfntn] jflif{s sfo{ kult ;fj{hlgs ub} { Ps jif{df lhDd] jf/L ;/L cfPsf / gof“ btf{ ePsf u/L hDdf kf“r ;o &@ dWo] tLg ;o (! d'2f km5\of} {6 ul/Psf] hgfPsf] 5 . ljut kf“r jif{sf] tYof+snfO{ t'ngf ubf{ kl5Nnf jif{x?df sd d'2f km5\of} {6 ul/Psf] eP klg jflif{s nIoeGbf a9L g} km5\of} {6 ug{ ;kmn ePsf] cbfntn] hgfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ df tLg ;o ## dWo] b'O{ ;o %* j6f d'2f km5\of} {6 ubf{ && kltzt kult b] lvPsf] lyof] . o:t} )&$÷)&% df tLg ;o $^ d'2fdWo] b'O{ ;o &! j6f km5\of} {6 ubf{ &* kltzt, cfly{s aif{ @)&%÷)&^ df rf/ ;o &( j6f d'2fdWo] tLg ;o ($ j6f km5\of} {6 x'‘“bf *@ kltzt, cfj @)&^÷)&& df tLg ;o *$ dWo] b'O{ ;o @$ j6f d'2f km5\of} {6 x'“bf %* kltzt kult ePsf] lyof] . ut jif{ cbfntsf] nIoeGbf a9L d'2f km5\of} {6 ePsf 5g\ . h;df kf“r ;o #$ d'2f btf{ x'g] / tLg ;o $&

j6f km5\of} {6 ug] { nIo /x] sf] df kf“r ;o &@ j6f btf{ ePsf / tLg ;o (! j6f km5\of} {6 ePsf] lhNnf cbfnt ;Nofgn] hgfPsf] 5 . cbfntsf >] : t] bf/ x] dGt 1jfnLn] o; cjlwdf b] jfgL d'2f tLg ;o @& j6fdf b'O{ ;o @^ j6f km5\of} {6 ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o:t} kmf} hbf/Ltkm{ b'O{ ;o $% j6fdf Ps ;o ^% j6f km5\of} {6 ePsf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . o:t} Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf ;DaGw laR5] bsf b'O{ ;o @( d'2fdWo] Ps ;o ^# j6f km5\of} {6 ePsf 5g\ . c+zsf $@ dWo] @* j6f, n] gb] gsf @# dWo] !( j6f, ax'ljjfxsf #& dWo] #@ j6f, afnljjfxsf !! dWo] !! j6f, st{Jo Hofgsf !! dWo] 5 j6f / hah{: tL

n}+lus lx+;f Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f b] pv'/ L, !! ebf} -o';_– n} +lus lx+;f Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL tLglbg] cled'vLs/0f ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] ;fO6L a] nkm] o/ PS;g g] kfn -:jfg_ n] cfOPd :jLl8; 8] enkd] G6 kf6\g/sf] ;xof] udf cled'vLs/0f ;~rfng u/] sf] xf] . kfj/ kl/of] hgfsf ;xhstf{nfO{ n} +lus lx+;f Go"gLs/0fsf] af/] df tflnd lbOPsf] xf] . tflndsf klzIfsdf cf] / ] s g] kfnsf O{Zj/L yfkf / ;'ifdf l5gfn /xg'ePsf] lyof] . :jfg ;+: yfsf cWoIf s[i0fs'df/ rf} w/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] tflnd ;dfkg sfo{qmddf ;xefuL l;h{gf rf} w/L, klzIfs

;"rgf † ;"rgf †† ;"rgf ††† g] kfn ;/sf/ lzIff lj1fg tyf kljlw dGqfno cGtu{t lzIff tyf tflnd clej[l4 kl/of] hgf -Event-11_ bf] ] >f] åf/f ljZj a} ssf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf a] / f]huf/ o'jf / o'jtLx?nfO{ nlIft /f] huf/ :j/f] huf/ tflnd ;+rfng ug] { nIo cg';f/ o; l;4fy{ sn]h ckm 6] lSgsn ;fOG; kf=ln= sf7df08f} n] lgDg ljifo / :yfgdf glthfdf cfwfl/t 5f] 6f] cjlwsf] ltg dlxg] -#() 306f_ lgMz'Ns tflnd ;+~rfng ug{sf nflu cfj] bg kmf/fd v'Nnf ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

Tfflnd x'g] ljifox? !_ df]afOn l/k]ol/ª n]an –! $) hgf dlxnf @_ df]6/;fOsn dd{t n]an –! @) hgf k'?if cfj]bg kmd{ ldlt M @)&*.)%.!% ut];Dd

/fd k;fb kGyL

s/0fLsf $^ dWo] @^ j6f d'2f km5\of} {6 ePsf 5g\ . cjlwdf afnaflnsf ;f] xL ;DaGwLsf #@ dWo] @% j6f, dlxnf ;DaGwLsf Ps ;o () dWo] Ps ;o %) j6f / Ho] i7 gful/ssf] Pp 6f btf{ ePsf] df Pp6f g} km5\of} {6 ePsf] cbfntn] hgfPsf] 5 . o:t} rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( sf nflu ;/L cfPsf Ps ;o *! / gof“ btf{ x'g] rf/ ;o @* u/] / 5 ;o gf} j6f d'2f x'g] nIo /x] sf] 5 . h;df tLg ;o (% j6f km5\of} {6 ug] { nIo /x] sf] lhNnf cbfnt ;Nofgn] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnf GofofwLz s'nk;fb kf08] n] sf] / f] gf sx/sf a] nfdf klg nIo eGbf a9L kult xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

dxf;+3n] cgnfOg / o'6\o'j/x?sf] ljj/0f ;+sng ug]{ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf 3f] / fxL, !! ebf} . g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfªn] lhNnfaf6 ;~rflnt cgnfOg / o'6\o'j Rofgnx?sf] ljj/0f ;+sng ug] { ePsf] 5 . dxf;+3sf] z'qmaf/ 3f] / fxLdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] o:tf] lg0f{o u/] sf] xf] . dxf;+3sf cWoIf b'uf{nfn s] ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfªsf] cfufdL sfo{of] ] hgf tof/ ug{ lhNnfsf cuh kqsf/ Pj+ ldl8of ;~rfnsx?;“u

ebf} !% ut] ;Nnfx ;'emfj ;+sng sfo{qmd ug] {, kqsf/ dxf;+3 dlxnf ljefusf] cfof] hgfdf ebf} !( ut] …;+: s[lt ;+/ If0fdf ldl8ofsf] e"ldsfÚ ljifos cGtlq{mof Pj+ z'esfdgf cfbfgkbfg sfo{qmd ug] { lg0f{o u/] sf] 5 . ;fy} a} 7sn] dxf;+3sf ;fwf/0f ;b:o hof kf08] sL cfdf cd[tf kf08] / ;fwf/0f ;b:o ch{'g clwsf/LsL cfdf s[i0ff clwsf/Lsf] lgwgklt b'Mv JoQm ub} { kl/jf/hgdf ;dj] bgf JoQm u/] sf] 5 .

O{Zj/L yfkf, ;'ifdf l5gfn, :jfg ;+: yfsf ;b:o /fddf] tL rf} w/Lnufotn] dGtAo JoQm ug{'ePsf]

lyof] . tflndsf] ;xhLs/0f sfo{qmd ;+of] hs /] dGt rf} w/Ln] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof] † †

t'n;Lk'/ , !! ebf} . aaO{ gbLn] aufp“bf Pshgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . clj/n jiff{;“u} cfPsf] af9Ln] z'qmaf/ aufp“bf b+uLz/0f ufp“kflnsf–! lgjf;L %) jifL{o afdb] j b] jsf] 6fsf] d[To' ePsf] bfªsf kd'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fdaxfb'/ s'?Djfªn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ufp“s} Pshgf dflg;sf] d[To'kl5 b] jsf] 6f c? ufp“n] ;“u} aaO{df dnfdL hfg'ePsf] lyof] . sf7 lbP/ 3/ kmls{g' eGbf klxnf pxf“ aaO{df g'xfpg eg] / k;] kl5 af9Ln] aufPsf] lyof] . otf /fKtL gbLdf

au] / Ps hgf j] kQf ePsf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] 5 . e} +;L r/fpg /fKtL gbL lsgf/df uPsf ndxL gu/kflnsf–& lgjf;L $% jifL{o ;'Gb//fd rf} w/L e} +;L r/fpg uPsf] t/ 3/ gkmls{Pkl5 gbLdf au] sf] cfz+sfdf vf] hL hf/L /flvPsf] 5 . e} +;L 3/ kmls{P klg dfG5] gkmls{Pkl5 kl/jf/n] vf] hL ul/lbg kx/L sfof{nodf lgj] bg lbPsf lyP . To;kl5 Onfsf kx/L sfof{no cldlnofsf] 6f] nL / :yfgLoaf;L tL JolQmsf] vf] hLdf h'6] sf 5g\ . laxLaf/b] lv rf} w/Lsf] vf] hL hf/L /flvPsf] / clxn] ;Dd km] nf gk/] sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf

3f] / fxL, !! ebf} . a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsf–@ 6fs'/ fdf klx/f] sf] pRr hf] lvdn] kf“r 3/ kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ .

6fs'/ fsf] w/dkfgL 6f] ndf 3/ dflyaf6 / 3/ tnb] lv klx/f] hfg yfn] kl5 kf“r 3/ kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf x'g\ . b'O{ 3/ kl/jf/ o;cl3 g} a:g 5f] 8] sf / cGo kf“r 3/ kl/jf/ clxn] lj:yflkt ePsf j8f ;b:o eLds'df/ a'9fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . :yfgLo lbnaxfb'/ 3tL{, eLdaxfb'/ 3tL{, x'daxfb'/ 3tL{, kf/fZj/ k'g / r] taxfb'/ g] kfnLsf] kl/jf/nfO{ ljBfno / hgtf cfjf;sf] ejgdf a;flnPsf] 5. lbnaxfb'/ sf] kl/jf/nfO{ ut h] 7d} j8f g+=@ sf] al8kf] v/fl:yt hgtf cfjf; sfo{qmddfkm{t

agfOPsf] ejgdf /flvPsf] 5 eg] cGo rf/ 3/sf kl/jf/nfO{ eujtL kflj 6fs'/ fsf] ejgdf /flvPsf] j8f ;b:o a'9fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 3/ dflysf] le/af6 9'+uf v:g] u/] sf] / 3/b] lv tnsf] efuaf6 n] bf] aUg z'? u/] sfn] 3/ rls{g] tyf cf“ug lr/flr/f ug{ yfn] sf] :yfgLox?n] atfPsf 5g\ . laxLjf/ /fltb] lv ePsf] jiff{n] emg} hf] lvd a9] kl5 ;'/ lIft 7fp“df ;g'{ k/] sf] lbnaxfb'/ 3tL{n] atfpg'eof] . 3/leqsf ;a} ;fdfg lgsflnPsf] 5 . 3/ dflyaf6 s] xL jif{ klxn] b] lv g} 9'+uf v;] klg 3/ tnsf] klx/f] eg] o;} jif{b] lv hfg yfn] sf] pgLx?sf] egfO 5 . ufp“kflnsfn] ufp“df ;8s vGg] qmddf a] s/ d] l;g nufPkl5 klx/f] hfg yfn] sf] ufp“n] x?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

/fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h 3f]/fxL, bfªsf] egf{;DaGwL ;"rgf Û @)^% ;fnb] lv u'0ffTds kfljlws lzIff kbfg ub} { cfO/x] sf] /fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn] h 3f] / fxL, bfªdf z} lIfs ;q @)&*÷)&( sf] nflu lgDg sfo{qmddf egf{ v'n] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f} + . k9\g OR5's ljBfyL{x?n] ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf . sfo{qmdM F l8Knf]df Og sDKo"6/ Ol~hlgol/ª -# jif]{_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og ;e]{ -cldg_ Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og On]lS6«sn Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_ F lk–l8Knf]df Og l;len Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_

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Website: nationalengineeringcollege.com Email:collegenationalengineering@gmail.com

kmf]g M )*!–%#%&#^, (*%*)@)$%^, (*$*@%!&##, (*$$*@)((%

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l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} !* ut];Dd lk–l8Knf]dftkm{ M @)&* ebf} @# ut];Dd ;Dks{M df]=g+=M (*%&*#!^*$, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#)@&), (*%&*#&@%%

3f]/fxL, !! ebf} . ;flxTosf/ u+ufgfy sf]O/fnfsf] Psn sljtf jfrg sfo{qmd ul/Psf] 5 . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ bfªsf] #& cf}+ lgoldt Psn /rgf jfrg >[v + nf cGtu{t ;flxTosf/ sf]O/fnfsf] Psn sljtf jfrg sfo{qmd ul/Psf] xf] . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ bfªsf cWoIf bLks zdf{ ;ld/sf] cWoIftf Pj+ g]kfn k1f klti7fg k1f kl/ifb\ ;b:o 8f= uf]ljGb cfrfo{sf] kd'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;flxTosf/ sf]O/fnfn] bh{g a9L sljtfx? jfrg ug'e { Psf] lyof]] . kd'v cltly 8f=

cfrfo{n] sf]O/fnfsf sljtf zflGt, ;f}Gbo{ / l;h{gfTds s'/fx?sf kIfx?df /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . …sljtfx? zflGtsf kIfdf 5g\ . sljtfx? cfzfsf kIfdf 5g\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] . ljlzi6 cltly jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ pQds[i0f dhu}of“n] sf]O/fnfsf sljtf ;fdflhs / cfly{s lj;+ult lj?4 plePsf] atfpg'eof] . kl/ifb\sf lhNnf ;b:o cfzLif laPd …sNkj[IfÚsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\sf cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfn, kultzLn n]vs ;+3sf ;Nnfxsf/ kßk;fb zdf{nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;lrj ksfz s];Ln] ug'e{ Psf] lyof] .

jl/i7 5fnf tyf of}g /f]u ljz]if1 8f= cf/=s]= emf bfª lgdfxn /f]8l:yt z+s/ d]l8sn xndf @)&* ebf} !@ ut] zlgjf/ e]/L c~rn c:ktfndf sfo{/t ljefuLo kd'v jl/i7 5fnf tyf of}g /f]u ljz]if1 8f= cf/=s]= emf“ lgdfxn /f]8l:yt z+s/ d]l8sn xndf cfpg] ePsfn] cfkm\gf] 5fnf tyf of}g /f]u;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ /f]usf] r]shfFr u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

8fS6/åf/f lbOg] ;] jfx? M dlxnf tyf k'?ifx?df b] lvg] 5fnf;DaGwL rfofF, sfnf] kf] tf] , 8l08kmf] / , b'wL, ;] tf] bfu, 5fnf lrnfpg] , 5fnfdf b] lvg] vl6/f, d';f, PShLdf, ;] / fOl;;, kmª\un, dlxnf tyf k'?ifx?df b] lvg] of} g /f] u h:t} M lel/ª\uL, l;kmln;, lk;fa kf] Ng] , lk;fadf lkk b] lvg] , pQ] hgfdf sdL, zL3ktg x'g] , of} g OR5fdf sdL, dlxnfx?df b] lvg] afFemf] kg, ;] tf] kfgL aUg] , kf7] 3/ b'Vg] , of} gL lrnfpg] , lk;fa kf] Ng] cflb hl6n /f] ux?sf] r] shf“r tyf k/fdz{ ul/g] ePsf] n] ;dod} cfkm\gf] /f] usf] lgbfg u/fO{ ljz] if1 ;] jf lng'x'g cg'/ f] w ub{5f} + . gf]6 M kTo]s dlxgfsf] bf];f] zlgjf/ 8fS6/ cfO/xg] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

kmf]gaf6 klg gfd ;Dks{M z+s/ d]l8sn xn btf{ ug{ ;lsg] 5. lgdfxn /f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^@)@#, (*$&*!*^!&, (*$&*#%^$%

ladfn]v x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Aoxf]/fsf] g]kfn nfOkm OG:of]/]G; ndxL zfvfaf6 kfKt ljdfn]v ldlt @)&*.)@.!& ut]sf lbg ndxLaf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfFb} ubf{ x/fPsf]n] e]6fpg'x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . gfd M k]ds'df/L zdf{ ladfn]v g+= M $#@)))%&# ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&(*#*() 7]ufgf M ndxL g=kf=–%, bfª

lhNnf bfª ;fljs ;tal/of– ( xfn ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( a:g] sdnfb]jL af]6]n] lgDg lnlvt hUuf btf{÷>]:tf÷gfd;f/L÷gfd, y/÷lsQf g+= ;+zf]wg÷z]=c= bf=vf= ul/kfpF egL lgj]bg lbg'ePsf] x'bF f ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . d[tssf] gfddf >]:tf sfod / lgj]bssf] gfddf gfd;f/L ug'{ gkg]{ sf/0f eP jf c? s;}sf] gfddf ;d]t >]:tf sfod / gfd;f/L x'gk' g]{ eP jf lgj]bs jfx]s c? xsjfnf klg eP sf/0f / kdf0f;lxt of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lblgeq d[ts / lgj]bssf] gfddf >]:tf sfod / gfd;f/L x'g' gkg]{ sf/0f v'nfO{ c?sf] klg xs nfUg] eP kdf0f;lxt >]:tf sfod / gfd;f/L ug'k{ g]{ jf c? klg xsjfnf eP xsjfnfn] cfkm\gf] lhsL/;lxt lgj]bg ug{ cfpg'xf]nf . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd e}hfg] Aoxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

o; pBf] uaf6 pTkflbt lgDg dlb/fx? ldlt @)&*.)%.!! utb] lv g] kfnel/sf nflu csf] { ;"rgf ksflzt geP;Dd nfu' x'g] u/L tn pNn] lvt ljj/0f cg';f/ laqmL ljt/0f ul/g] x'Fbf ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu gofF o'uaf] w /fli6«o b} lgs klqsfdf of] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ul/g] x'Fbf ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu gofF o'uaf]w /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf of] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . a|f08sf] gfd

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b] pv'/ L, !! ebf} . Onfsf kx/L sfof{no u9jfn] %# bzdnj *( So'lkm6 ;fnsf] lr/fg sf7;lxt tLghgfnfO{ kqmfp u/] sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ laxfg sl/a tLg ah] u9jf–^ qmsxjfaf6 ndxLtkm{ n' @ r &&$! gDa/sf] lksck hLkdf !@ yfg ;fnsf] lr/fg sf7;lxt tLghgfnfO{ Onfsf kx/L sfof{no u9jfn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] lyof] . u9jf ufp“kflnsf j8f g+=$ v8sk'/ lgjf;L @$ jifL{o

;flxb d';ndfg, /fKtL ufp“kflnsf–% sfnfkfgL lgjf;L @^ jifL{o kbLks'df/ rf} w/L / j8f g+= * lkk/f lgjf;L #& jifL{o ljgf] b rf} w/LnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnOPsf] 5 . kqmfp k/] sf JolQm, lr/fg sf7 / cf] ;f/k;f/df kof] u ul/Psf] uf8L l8lehg jg sfof{no b] pv'/ LnfO{ a'emfOPsf] lhNnf kx/L sfof{no bfªsf l8P;kL d's'Gbk;fb l/hfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 36gfsf] af/] df jg l8lehg sfof{non] cg';Gwfg yfn] sf] hgfPsf] 5 .

dfnkf] t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf †

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klx/f]sf] hf]lvdn] kf“r 3/ lj:yflkt sf]O/fnfsf] Psn sljtf jfrg

kfljlws lzIff If] qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg lbg ;kmn, cg'ejL / bIf klzIfsx?åf/f u'0f:t/Lo lzIff kbfg ub}{ cfPsf] ;fy} CTEVT åf/f lnOg] k/LIffx?df o; If] qd} pTs[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn o; g] zgn OlGhlgol/ª sn] h -NEC_ df z}=;= @)&*÷)&( sf] nflu # jif] { l8Knf] df Og l;len OlGhlgol/ª -l;len cf] e/l;o/_ sfo{qmd !# cf}+ Aofrdf / !* dlxg] lk– l8Knf] df l;len -;j–cf] e/l;o/_ df gofF egf{ v'n] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . z}lIfs of]Uotf M l;len cf]e/l;o/tkm{ SEE Result df  ul0ft, lj1fgdf C / c+u]hL ljifodf D+ u]8 kfKt x'g'kg]{ .  kmf/fd ljt/0f ldlt M @)&*.)$.#! ut]b]lv  kmf/fd eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&*.)%.!* ut];Dd lk–l8Knf]dftkm{ -;fljssf] kfljlws P;=Pn=;L=_ TSLC sfo{qmddf  h'g;'s} u]8df SEE k/LIffdf pQL0f{ zlgjf/ klg  kmf/fd ljt/0f ldlt @)&*.)%.)@ ut]b]lv sfof{ no v'nf  kmf/fd eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&*.)%.@# ut];Dd /xg] 5. ;Dks{M g]kfnu~h–!) lztngu/, afFs] -g]kfnu~h cfFvf c:ktfn ;'v]{t/f]8sf] k"j{tkm{_

t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf–(, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M )!–$(!&*#!, (*!)$%@&*%

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uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn lsl;d hUufwgLsf] gfd km"naf/L ^s *& )–*–!! – uf]s'n af]6] lhNnf bfª ;fljs ;tal/of–( xfn ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( a:g] sdnfb] jL af] 6] n] d] / f ;;'/ f uf] s'n af] 6] sf] ldlt @)%*.)#.@) df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] Psdfq kTgL km"ndtL af] 6] sf] klg d[To' ePsf] , d[ts bDklQsf] zf] ifkl5sf] xsjfnf Psdfq 5f] / f rGbaxfb'/ af] 6] sf] ldlt @)&&.)*.!* df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] Psdfq kTgL sdnfb] jL af] 6] ePsf] 5f] / fx? tLg efO{ 3gZofd, ;Ltf/fd / /fdaxfb'/ af] 6] ePsf] cljjflxtf 5f] / L sf] xL klg gePsf] , d[ts uf] s'n af] 6] sf] gfddf btf{ >] : tf ePsf] pNn] lvt hUufsf] >] : tf dfnkf] t sfof{no 3f] / fxL bfªdf @)%* ;fndf cfunfuL eO{ hn] / g:6 ePsf] xfn;Dd pQm hUuf sf] xL s;} nfO{ s'g} klg lnvtn] x:tfGt/0f gePsf] / hf] tef] u cfkm} n] ub} { cfPsf] ;fy} d[tssf] kfngkf] if0f cf} iflw pkrf/ sfulqmof sdnfb] jL af] 6] n] u/] sf] egL ls6fgL l;kmfl/; ;h{ldg eO{ cfPsf] x'Fbf pNn] lvt hUufsf] >] : tf ;fljs hUufwgL uf] s'n af] 6] sf gfddf sfod u/L xsjfnf d] / f gfddf Psnf} 6L gfd;f/L u/L hUufwgL kdf0f k"hf{ kfpF egL lgj] bg dfu u/] sf] x'Fbf >] : tf sfod / gfd;f/L ug'{ kg] { xf] jf xf] Og jf c? s;} df >] : tf sfod gfd;f/L x'g'kg] { eP #% lbgleq ;a't kdf0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xf] nf egL of] ;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0f ;/f] sf/jfnf ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ksfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

o;sf ljz]iftfx?M v ! jif{sf] jif{sf] jf/]G6L ePsf], cfsif{0f Pj+ jiff} {+ vkt x'g] v km]d kNnf grflxg] x'Fbf *)Ü ;Dd k} ;fsf] art v lkml6ª ug{ ;lhnf] v lvof tyf wld/f gnfUg] v ;lhn} dd{t ug{ ;lsg] v xfjf tyf 3fd g5]Sg] .

gofF o'uaf]w ksfzg kf=ln= åf/f ksflzt, ;+:yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf kaGw lgb]{zs M ktfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;x–;Dkfbs M g/]Gb s];L ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/ d'bs M kltef ckm;]6 k];, sfof{noM 3f]/ fxL bfª, n'lDagL kb]z, g]kfn kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M t'n;Lk'/ – %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK