University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Architecture Resilience Community
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Project Summary ARC: Architecture, Resilience & Community Team ILLennials ● ●
Mixed-use multifamily (MM) building Austin, TX
● ●
Target market: Millennials High-density urban living
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Design Goals Sustainable Community Living
ARC Flash-Flood Resilience
Drought Resilience
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Design Constraints Climate & Site ● ● ● ●
Hot, humid climate with highly variable rainfall Zoning district: Downtown Mixed Use (DMU) Site Lot Size: 33,358 sq ft Waller Creek
1. Religious 2. Multi family apartment 3. Single family house 4. Restaurants/ Bars 5. Commercial/ Shopping 6. Offices/ Industry 7. Project Footprint 8. Parking (building)
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Standards
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Contest Narratives Market Potential
Financial Feasibility
Operations
Engineering
Resilience
Energy Performance
Architecture
Comfort & Env. Quality
Innovation
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Market Potential â—?
Millennials: prefer living in cities & are more likely to rent than own homes.
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Market Potential Austin is prone to flash-floods and droughts: ● ●
ARC located on a 100-year floodplain Austin also prone to droughts
Accessible to alternative transport: ● ● ●
Transit-oriented design Promotes use of active modes of transport Encourages healthier, sustainable living
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Market Potential ● ● ●
Zoning district: Downtown Mixed Use 50% of the population in 20’s or 30’s (58.8% one-person households) Median income: $125,965/yr
One-person Household in Downtown Austin
Household Income in Downtown Austin
58.8%
$125k/yr
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Financial Feasibility
The ARC (baseline)
$61.28 per sq ft
Austin average
~$200 per sq ft
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Financial Feasibility
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Concept: Community, Resilience, Environment Minimize Isolation
Allow Direct Environmental Connection
Promote Healthy Living
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Concept: Creating Interaction Through Thresholds â—?
Providing transition spaces between public and private
Allow Individuality
Encourage Interaction
2nd Floor Plan
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Concept: Providing Inviting Spaces â—?
All circulation within the building allows direct connection to the outdoors
â—?
Vegetation is seen at each stair promote an environmentally conscious building
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Concept: Providing Engaging Spaces
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Site Design: Design Progression â—?
Main goal of minimizing the site footprint
â—?
Created through carving pathways and circulation paths
3. Provide circulation connection
1. Guide Pedestrian to Waller Creek
4. Create variety on street edge
2. Carve Courtyard
5. Transition nature to pedestrians
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Courtyard Design Healthy Living Commercial A. Gardening Shop
C B
D
A
B. Food Hall/ Farmers Market C. Bike Repair Shop
E
D. Administration
E. Community BookShare Library
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Courtyard Design Courtyard Amenities 5
4
2
3
1. Grills with Tables & Seating 2. Raised Planters for Seating
1 2 6
2
3. Tables for Garden Shop 4. Outdoor Seating for Food Hall 5. Bike Storage 6. Community Garden
R4
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Unit Plans
R3
R2
R1
R1 2nd Floor Legend
R-1
R-2
R-3
R-4
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Architecture: Unit Plans- Lofts
EfďŹ ciency
Daylighting
3rd Floor
3rd Floor
Loft
Loft
R-1 Lofted
R-2 Lofted
Cross- Ventilation
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Interior Design: Unit Axons
R-1 Lofted
R-2 Lofted
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Interior Design: Interior Renderings
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Interior Design: Unit Axons
R-3 Unit
R-4 Unit
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Building Envelope Keeping unit types to a minimum to encourage prefabrication
Material choices allow resilience
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Building Envelope ●
Main goal of resilience and appropriateness to a hot, humid climate
●
Fully vented lofted ceiling construction
●
Built in gutter enhances modern aesthetic
●
Roof Designed at optimal tilt to improve PV performance
ZIP Sheathing (Air, Vapor, Thermal) Thermal Air Bulk Water
Typical Roof Detail
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Building Envelope â—?
2x6 walls with insulated sheathing- R 21
â—?
Wood trusses to allow MEP integration
ZIP Sheathing (Air, Vapor, Thermal) Thermal Air Bulk Water
Typical Floor to Balcony Detail
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Operations ➔ ➔ ➔
Lighting Appliances Home Automation
EVALUATION CRITERIA 1
ENERGY STAR Certification
2
Smart Compatibility
3
Unit Costs
4
Additional Features
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Operations ➔ ➔ ➔
Lighting Appliances Home Automation
EVALUATION CRITERIA 1
ENERGY STAR Certification
2
Smart Compatibility
3
Unit Costs
4
Additional Features
INDOOR color-changing
standard use for hallways
garden (tall)
OUTDOOR garden ( pathway)
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Operations ➔ ➔ ➔
Lighting Appliances Home Automation
dishwasher
EVALUATION CRITERIA 1
ENERGY STAR Certification
refrigerator
induction range 2
Smart Compatibility
3
Unit Costs
4
Additional Features
television
microwave washer dryer
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Operations ➔ ➔ ➔
Lighting Appliances Home Automation smart sprinkler
doorbell Further automation & smart technology used for: ● Hot water delivery system ● Landscaping ● Metering & submetering
Amazon Alexa
active outlet thermostat
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Photovoltaics & Electric Research
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Photovoltaics & Electric Research Analysis
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Photovoltaics & Electric Research Analysis Design
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Photovoltaics & Electric Research Analysis Design Electrical System
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Water System 03
Reduction of Water Demand
Reduction of Distribution Losses
TARGETS 01
02 Reduction of Heating Inefficiency
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Water System: fixture savings
● ●
77
20
18
31
American Standard Reliant 3.4in Centerset
Waterpik Easy Select with Eco Switch
Glacier Bay Nottely Touchless
American Standard Cadet Ultra Dual Flush
All fixtures meet EPA WaterSense guidelines; savings derived from LEED v4 baselines Building level water metering & submetering will also be implemented
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Water System: ďŹ xture savings 6880 gal/day
2800 gal/day
Austin Guidelines for mixed-use multifamily dwellings
ARC water demand
60% water demand reduction
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Water System: water heating & delivery ➔
Sourcing ◆ WSHP integrates water heating using a desuperheater ◆ Buffer tank in each unit for storage & recirculation
➔
Supply ◆ Demand-initiated recirculation ◆ PEX-AI-PEX piping, ½” with R-4 insulation ◆ Adaptive scheduling for hot water delivery
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Water System: landscaping Community Space
Rain Gardens
Stormwater Channel
GUTTERING SYSTEM ● seamless 10” x 5” recycled aluminium gutter ● Seven Rain Harvest 4” first flush filtration devices
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Space Conditioning Resilience → Centralized Geo-exchange water loops
Decentralized water-source heat pumps (WSHPs) → Individual control & metering
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Space Conditioning: product WaterFurnace® 7 Series 700A11 Model 036 Superior efficiency
Clean air
41 EER & 5.3 COP Optimal part-load performance: variable capacity
MERV 11 filter More frequent air circulation
Maximal comfort
Hot water supply
Integrated humidity control
Integrated
Long lifespan
Cost effective
WSHP: ~25 years Ground loop: ~100 years
Energy savings Less maintenance
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Space Conditioning: annual energy cost savings -33% -8%
Annual savings
$315 per unit
Electric resistance space heating Geo-exchange + WSHP Geo-exchange + WSHP w. EnergyStarÂŽ appliances
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Comfort & Environmental Quality Humidity Control - Ducted supply - Integrated dehumidiďŹ cation control - Reduced equipment sizing
R1 unit duct plan
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Comfort & Environmental Quality Humidity Control Thermal Comfort - Commercial space: Predicted Percentage DissatisďŹ ed (PPD) < 10%
Sitting with winter clothing in living space
Light activity with summer clothing in bike shop
Thermal comfort on psychrometric charts
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Comfort & Environmental Quality Humidity Control Thermal Comfort Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Materiality Natural ventilation SufďŹ cient exhaust Air ďŹ ltration
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Comfort & Environmental Quality Humidity Control Thermal Comfort Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Acoustic comfort
Balcony as a barrier Sound insulation between units Quiet MEP systems
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Resilience Architectural and MEP features chosen to promote resilience
Use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS)
Rainwater harvesting integrated with smart irrigation
Community garden & food hall
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Resilience: sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔
Attenuation ◆ Rain gardens Harvesting ◆ Rainwater harvesting for irrigation Conveyance ◆ Vegetated swale discharging to Waller Creek Infiltration ◆ Permeable spaces & soils Filtering & Sedimentation ◆ Rain gardens; vegetated swale
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Resilience: smart irrigation
41%
Decreased Runoff
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Energy Performance
EUI
Target
<40 kBtu/ft2/yr
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Energy Performance EUI 31.2 kBtu/ft2/yr HERS -2.1
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Innovation Sustainable Urban Drainage System
Community Garden
Use of green infrastructure solutions to improve design resilience
Encourages interaction with the environment & the community while providing resources
Geo-exchange water loop + WSHP
Smart Technology
Resilient, eďŹ&#x192;cient, effective
Integrating innovative intelligent methods to improve desirability and building operations
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Innovation Strong adaptation to target market Long-term impact Goals met Constant engagement with industry partners & faculty
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Conclusion
Architecture Resilience Community
University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
Lei Zhao
Robert Devine
Arijit Banerjee
Ashlynn Stillwell
Angela Green-Miller
Special thanks to our advisors & sponsors!