STUDIO AIR 2016, SEMESTER 1, TUTORS: #7 Sonya Yiyun Xu (Linda) - 691954
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TABLE OF CONTENT Part A: COMCEPTUALISATION
INTRODUCTION A.1 DESIGN FUTURING
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- Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia - Heydar Aliyev center
A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION
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- Canton tower - New Milan Trade Fair
A.3 COMPOSITION/GENERATION
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- China Wood Sculpture Museum - Dalian International Conference Centre
A.4 & A.5 CONCLUSION & LEARNING OUTCOMES
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REFERENCES
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A.6 APPENDIX
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Introduction
My name is Yiyun Xu and I come from Xinjiang which is located at the northern west of China. I have came to Melbourne a few years ago. I am the third year’s architecture student. The first time I touched the digital design was during my high school period. I chose a subject called visualizing communications. That was my first time getting touch with both designing and digital design. At the meantime, that was the first time I played with the digital software which contain Illustrator and Photoshop. Refer in digital architecture, the software I used to use contain Auto CAD and Rhino. Auto CAD is 2D software, but Rhino is 3D software. These software make people more convenient and quicker to do their works instead by hands. The another important aspect is, what you did on the computer are reversible. Therefore, it would be easy you make the change over and over again. For some very complex architecture, for instance the Bird’s Nest in Beijing, digital architecture tool can work that concept out. Digital architecture tool help people do some complex form architecture people cannot made before. It help people build more complex and aesthetic buildings. On the right side of the page is my pervious design works. Figure one is a conceptual model which was consruct by using Rhino and 3D printing. Figure two is a design poject from my water studio.
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FIG.1: CONCEPTUAL MODEL
FIG.2: DESIGN PROJECT FROM WATER STUDIO CONCEPTUALISATION 5
PART A CONCEPTUALISATION
A.1 DESIGN FUTURING
PALAU DE LES ARTS REINA SOFIA
VALENCIA, SPAIN BY SANTIAGO CALATRAVA
Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia is an opera house designed by Santiago Calatrava which is a spinach architect who has born in Valencia. The concept is known as the city of Arts and Sciences. To combine this context with his style of neo futuristic, the Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia is presented in a creative, modern and unique aesthetic way. It opened on 8 October 2005. People describe this architecture as ‘a blend of seagoing vessel and spacecraft’. (“Valence Opera House,“ 2016) The opera house is complex design which shows on it geometrical form. The architecture consists by smooth curve form and the sharp lines which would make the contrast, but it still looks very harmonious. The most outstanding idea is its roof; the roof acts as two ‘shell’ which independent with the body structure. It creates a dynamic feeling to people. Due to the Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia is located at the site of cultural injection; therefore it should be representative. On another hand, in the 20th century, people never believer that this highly difficult roof structure could be constructed. Calatrava started challenging this complex form cooperating with
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engineering knowledge. Nowadays, this architecture is still used as the functions of opera house such as performances, music staff and so on. No doubt Calatrava is successful that let Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia became the biggest landmark and the ‘most important and relevant modern tourist destination in Spain.’(“Valencia, city of Arts and Sciences,“ 2015) This affirm by audience reinforce the theme of the city of Arts and Sciences. In addition, when people think about the Arts of the world, the Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia would appear in there head; conversely is same affect. The theme of this week is sustainability, which is an important topic of the world and should be apply in every realm. However Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia is an opposite example of sustainability. Because of its ‘floating’ roof is flimsy under the weather condition; it was falling off only after 8 years. It would cost a lot of money and energy to fix it frequently. Even though Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia is an impressive and meaningful architecture, architect should also think into its sustainable aspect. Then this architecture would exist in the long period of time.
FIG.1 PALAU DE LES ARTS REINA SOFIA (WILLWHITEN, 2013)
FIG.2 PALAU DE LES ARTS REINA SOFIA (Valencia, city of Arts and Sciences,“ 2015)
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HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER BAKU, AZERBAIJAN BY ZAHA HADID
Heydar Aliyev center is a very different architectural form to compare with the Soviet architecture in Baku. The Soviet architecture is rigid and monumental. However Heydar Aliyev center is located at the city center. The new modern type is aim to redevelop the city. ‘Aspiring instead to express the sensibility of Azeri culture and optimism of a nation that looks to the future.’(“Heydar Allyev Center,“ 2013) Therefore Heydar Aliyev plays an important role in it. It is officially opened on 29 June 2012. Heydar Aliyev center is emphasized on the dynamic, fluid and continuous feather. There is other concept I find interesting is that this architecture seem to be consisted by the surfaces rather than a ‘structure’. The design blends the architecture with surrounding topography integrally; it seems formed by the folding the landscape. People use ‘undulation, bifurcation, folds’ to describe visually. Each fluid curve surface is an entrance to direct victors to the different level inside.
FIG.1 HEYDAR ALLEYV CENTER (“Heydar Allyev Center,“ 2013)
As I mentioned Heydar Aliyev center is a symbol of the future architecture of Baku. It completes this mission successfully; people evaluate that ‘instantly identify this as one of the globe’s newest icons of advanced experimental architecture.’(“Heydar Allyev Center,“ 2014) At the meantime, Heydar Aliyev center is still used in the original purpose which acts as the cultural center contains conference hall, gallery and a museum. Considering the sustainability issue and sustainable city, this project creates an ecological balance relationship between the environment and architecture. For instance the natural flora planning of the plaza surrounded. The combinations of utilizing materials with technologies also provide the environmental benefit.
FIG.2 HEYDAR ALLEYV CENTER (“Heydar Allyev Center,“ 2013) 10
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FIG.3 HEYDAR ALLEYV CENTER (“Heydar Allyev Center,“ 2013)
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A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION
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FIG.1 CANTON TOWER (CANTON TOWER, 2013)
THE CANTON TOWER GUANGZHOU, CHINA BY MARK HEMEL AND BARBARA KUIT
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Canton tower is a TV tower of the city which the height is 600 meters. The Canton tower presented in a unique complex form that made of a twisted and tapering tube. The façade is using the steel grid framing structure. It ‘consists of 24 steel columns with concrete infill a series of 46 oval shaped rings of different sizes and single direction diagonals throughout the structure.’ (“Canton Tower, China,“ 2016) Due to Canton Tower is a very complex architecture; the computer plays an important role during the design process. The parametric software such as grasshopper is useful for this architecture. ‘The parametric design thinking focuses upon a logic of associative and dependency relationships between objects and their parts and whole relationship.’ (Oxman, Rivka, & Robert Oxman, 2014) This is relating with the steel grid frame structure, because it touches the engineering realm that the variation of the geometry decides the stability of the façade structure
Therefore the engineers could set up a series of variable parameters to control and modulate the parametric modeling to a satisfied outcome. The most success part of the Canton Tower collaborate with parametric software is its twisted area which is the waist. The waist is the weakness area of a twisted structure. Many architects used to design the twisted forms, but rarely build with the technical difficulties in the past. Nowadays the parametric algorithmic could reduce the resistance of it. On the other hand, cooperating with the compute the weakness area of a twisted structure. Many aided, the engineers and architects will not work separately anymore in the future.
FIG.2 CANTON TOWER (CANTON TOWER, 2013) CONCEPTUALISATION 15
FIG.1 NEW MILAN TRADE FAIR (NEW MILAN TRADE FAIR, 2012)
NEW MILAN TRADE FAIR MILAN, ITALY BY STUDIO FUKSAS (MASSIMILIANO FUKSAS IN CHARGE)
New Milan Trade Fair is a various functional construction connects with the service centers, offices, and exhibition hall. Fuksas conceptualizes to combine the design with topography directly and indirectly. It is focu demonstrating on the canopy of the buildin
The canopy uses the elements of th natural topography of volcano, the waves, a dunes. In addition the freestanding form ha physical in touch with the topography. Fuks expresses this idea into a dynamic reticular rhomboidal mesh structure in steel profiles The use of computation helps this architecture from the free hand drawing 16
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l
h the used ng.
he and as the sas r s.
transform to a physical modeling. The concept of the mesh structure is easily to make by digital software such as Rhinoceros; the software could cut out the structure grid line by computational algorithm to instead of long cost hours of human calculations. The Rhinoceros is also convenient to make the curvilinear forms to imitate the wave of topography. For instance the pliable curve of by computational algorithm to instead of long cost hours of human calculations. The Rhinoceros is also convenient to make the curvilinear forms to imitate the wave of topography. For instance the pliable curve of connection between the roof to the ground of the volcano structure and the pliable edges of the roof.
When the software modeling the structure like this, it would divide the surface in to many parts to reach the goal of smooth curve. In the construction of the canopy, we can see there are triangular panes consisting the curved section different to other rectangular pane section. The computation liberates the architecture to the free form. Plenty of unique architectures stop to the hinder of constructing difficulties. The computation help to construct the complex form architecture from the paper to the earth.
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A.3 COMPOSITION/ GENERATION
CONCEPTUALISATION 19
FIG.1 CHINA WOOD SCULPTURE MUSEUM (CHINA WOOD SCULPTURE MUSEUM, 2012) 20
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CHINA WOOD SCULPTURE MUSEUM HARBIN, CHINA BY MAD ARCHITECTS
This is the example of an algorithmic design which is aimed interpret a connection between environment and architecture. In terms of the specific local winter landscape, the winter climate and the relationship between solid with liquid is the inspiration of architects designing the form of ‘shaped as frozen in time.’ (“China Wood Sculpture Museum,” 2012) Time is another element used in the design to show the time passing and quotidian. According to these rule China Wood Sculpture is showed as a horizontal twisted fluid form with 200 meters long body. The computation is important in the design process to deal with this complex and large form. For instance during the generating stage, the unconscious activities could find the potential of the design, on the other hand computational design is more flexible allow large extent of changing. The computing simulation section is my favourite part of computation process. It would combine the materials and the tectonics together which create the opportunity to find out the structure issue or opportunities. The material used I find really smart is utilize of polished steel plates to reflect people’s quotidian which echo to the theme. The architects could try a lot of plans of computing simulation to get the satisfied result without making the physically model. At last simulate the design with the winter environmental surrounding to check.
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DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER DALIAN, CHINA BY COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
FIG.1 DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER (DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER, 2013)
FIG.3 DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER (DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER, 2013) 22
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FIG.2 DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERE
ENCE CENTER (DALIAN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER, 2013)
Dalian International Conference Centre is another example of algorithmic thought example. ‘Dalian is undergoing a wave of transformation on coastal brownfield and reclaimed land which will entirely change the city’s face within the next decade.’ In this situation, the architecture began their project. Since the architecture is extremely big and complex, the computation plays the role during design process. The architecture is aimed to ‘anchored in the metal landscape of the population and the international community.’ In this project, they have the consultancy of computational designers to help them complete the design. They simulate series of simulations of the structures to communicate and interpret the complex structure with materials choices and how is constructability of the project. The façade of Dalian International Conference Center could use computation fabrication to delivery to the virtual environment to decide the distribution of different styles of screen in order
to maximize the daylight received; the cone shaped roof screen presents in several ways such as closed, opened raised planes, and lump geometrical. It is not only decorated the façade, but also reach its own propose. The internal space is also complicated which could use the computational simulation to present the fluid spatial relationship in digital 3D modeling. In summary, the generative approach in design process is a development in architecture realm. It reduces the time cost of the complex structure and change the impossible to the possible. The algorithmic thinking explores more design potentials and overcome some technical difficulties. The computing performance and simulation set a communication toward constructional aspect. Computation fabrication helps get the best solution and create the future condition by cooperating with the virtual environment. The only shortcoming of generation the technologies could benumb human’s creativity.
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A.4 CONCLUSION & A.5 LEARNING OUTCOMES
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CONCLUSION Though the part A, I explore the composition and generation approaches during the design process. There is a development from composition which is traditional way of design develop to generation which is digital design. Computation is representation of generation design; it is my intentional design method.
Parametric design is one of computation design which is using the parameter algorithmic to set up the relationship of each element and modulation to the whole thing. The complex form and smooth curve surface also adept by computation, it liberates more elegant architecture to build. The simulation modeling help to build the communications to the context and material using in virtual until the best outcome appears.
Therefore, computation is significant to the process of the design from thinking to the design outcome. It reduces a lot of load of human hand working which should integral to the design; in addition the sustainability issue should integral to design. All of us can get benefit from the computation design, especially architects and engineers; the cutting edge design will not be stay on the paper anymore with the computation.
LEARNING OUTCOMES Ai the meantime, I am doing the Grasshopper excises, it is supervised me. I find interested in creation of parametric variables and use the parameter to create object, which can be modulate whenever and how many steps I did afterwards. Before using the Grasshopper, I never image that we could use parameter to create the objects or architecture. Grasshopper also let me understand the structure of an object. Computation is a new, but significant realm of architecture. Relate to my pervious design I also use the traditional way to think and do hand drawing. However, after the learning of computation design, I find it is very good integral to design. I would try to find the opportunities and inspiration during the manipulating the computational program. In the past I would not like to design the complex form architecture which I found quiet hard to express it. I think I could use the computation software to help me deal with the complex form.
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REFERENCES Canton Tower, China. Designbuild-network.com. (2016). Retrieved from http:// www.designbuild-network.com/projects/guangzhou-tv-tower/ Canton Tower. (2010, November). retrieved from http://www.archdaily. com/89849/canton-tower-information-based-architecture China Wood Sculpture Museum. Arch20 (2012). Retrieved from http://www. arch2o.com/china-wood-sculpture-museum-mad-architects/ Dalian International Conference Center. (2013, July). Retrieved from http://www. archdaily.com/405787/dalian-international-conference-center-coop-himmelb-l-au Heydar Aliyev Center. Arch daily (2013, November). Retrieved from http://www. archdaily.com/448774/heydar-aliyev-center-zaha-hadid-architects Heydar Aliter Center. Arcspace.com (2014, February). Retrieved from http://www. arcspace.com/features/zaha-hadid-architects/heydar-aliyev-center/ New Milan Trade Fair. (2012, July). retrieved from http://www. archdaily.com/248138/new-milan-trade-fair-studio-fuksas Oxman, Rivka and Robert Oxman, eds (2014). Theories of the Digital in Architecture (London; New York: Routledge), pp. 1–10 Valencia Opera House, El Palau de le Arts Rein Sofia, Spain. Designbuild-nework.com, (2016) Retrieved from http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/valencia-opera/ Valencia, City of Arts and Science. In buildings on water, (2015, December) Retrieved from http://allarchitecturedesigns.com/valencia-city-of-arts-and-sciences/ Willwhiten. (2013). A Beautiful Elephant. Retrieved from https:// latitudetravel.wordpress.com/2013/09/24/a-beautiful-elephant/
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A.6 APPENDIX
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ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES
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CONCEPTUALISATION 31
PART B CRITERIA DESIGN
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B.1. RESEARCH FIELD
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GEOMETRY
Figure 1: Shapes of parametric architecture (Sushant, 2016)
Geometry is always be used in architecture; every architecture is expressed in the geometry forms. However the parametric design creates lots of opportunities of geometries. It enriches variety complex geometric forms, such as freeform, irrational form, or any shapes that people can create. Geometries satisfy the aesthetics requirement in some aspects. Geometry is not only expressed on its form, but also shows on the patterning manner. The architectural pattern is the potent device for architectural articulation. Parametric design helps the repeating pattern or pattern surface design reflect in the simulating modeling which is more convenient and ability of fabrication. The computation could also make the pattern for both ornament and structure proposes. Complex geometry pattern structure could be used in many proposes or specific field rather than ordinary design. It is not restricted in buildings types. I choose to explore the geometry because I am more interested in the patterning manner of architecture. For instance the interaction between the architecture and pattern and the expression of integrated of pattern with architecture. Figure 2: Parametric & Generative Architecture & design
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Figure 3: Volta Dom by Skylar Tibbits (Luis, 2016)
The figure three is Volta Dom by Skylar Tibbits, which is the insulation of the corridor. This design has characteristics of both functional and aesthetic. The irregular repeating vaults structures the Volta Dom, which relates with the geometry pattern structure. It demonstrates how could computation tool help with the complex geometries and the composition of this geometric structure. This design modifies the shapes instead the ordinary insulation which is a layer of rectangle. This composition of three dimensitional pattern structured together to reflect the sense of volume and strength. The materials choose also reflect the attributes of insulation, which is thickness, flexible and moveable. This design shows the composition of the parametric tools corporate with materials and fabrication.
Figure 3: Volta Dom by Skylar Tibbits (Luis, 2016)
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B.2. CASE STUDY 1.0
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VOLTA DOM
SPECIES
SPECIES 1: 2D POPUL ATE BY USING CONE
SPECIES 2: 2D POPUL ATE BY USING SPHERE
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ITER
RATIONS
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VOLTA DOM
SPECIES
SPECIES 3: 3D POPUL ATE GEOMETRY
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SPECIES 4: 3D POPUL ATE GEOMETRY ON THE RANDOM SURFACE
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ITER
RATIONS
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SELECTION CRITERIA:
Criteria one: aesthetic Merri Creek is a public open space for people, which people always use the site as relaxing space to do the exercises. Therefore the design should have the characteristic of aesthetics for visitors to watch. However comparing with other open space, there are not many visitors there. In order to attract more visitors, the aesthetic element could be a good attractor. When more people come and use this site; it would facilitate the development of the site.
Criteria two: functionality The functionality of a design is very important; it decides the ability of function of the design using in the particle. If it cannot play its role in particle then it would be useless. The propose of this design is to filter the rubbish of Merri Creek. The first function is that the design should have the volume structure to trap the rubbish. The enough volume could keep the rubbish to avoid the rubbish floating everywhere. The second function is that the design should suit with the surrounding content. For instance, the design would be put under the water; therefore the structure would match with the conditions of water level, water flow and the pressure of the water.
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Criteria three: porosity The main theme of the brief is the filtration which shows the importance of filter system. No matter how does the structure be designed, there should have gaps which allow the water or wildlife pass through. In the other aspect, the porosity would also show the spatial relationship between the interior space and exterior space.
Criteria four: composition of the geometry pattern Due to the geometry is the main concept through my whole design, the arrangement of geometry pattern is the most important factor to reflect the design idea. The arrangement could be divided into many aspects, such as using the different distribution of geometry pattern to satisfied the different requirements or how to use pattern to achieve the goal of filtration. The desirable composition is that the pattern structure would contain both functional and aesthetic features.
SUCCESSFUL SPECIES: S1-3 Criteria rating: C1: 0.5 C2: 0.5 C3: 0.9 C4:0.5
Criteria rating: C1: 0.5 C2: 0.65 C3: 0.9 C4:0.5
Criteria rating: C1: 0.75 C2: 0.65 C3: 0.8 C4:0.65
Criteria rating: C1: 0.2 C2: 0.7 C3: 0.2 C4:0.6
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SELECTION ANALYSIS:
S1-3 C1: 0.5 C2: 0.5 C3: 0.9 C4: 0.5
S3-2
For this iteration, the composition of cone structure random combine to each other shows the sense of dynamic. The geometries form the structure that creates two ways of filtration; the first one is the hole of the cone and others are the gaps between cones. The small holes are aimed for water or small rubbish filtrating, and the gaps are for big rubbish or wildlife. The smooth surface of cone could match with fluid water. In addition, the surface of cones expand from small to bigger area also benefit with the water flow and reduce the water pressure.
C1: 0.75 C2: 0.65 C3: 0.8 C4: 0.65
S2-1
S4-5
C1: 0.5 C2: 0.65 C3: 0.9 C4: 0.5 To compare this iteration with S1-3, it changes the geometry from cone to sphere. I consider use the sphere geometry to create the individual spatial volume. These two iterations reflect two different functions of trapping rubbish. The cones intersect with each other which would create a big surface to trap rubbish. However, when the rubbish come into the sphere from the little hole into a large space which keep the rubbish individually for each cell.
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For this iteration, I change the composition from intersection to overlapping. The cones may not touch each other, but the irregular distribution of each layer would be the shelter for the large gaps from previous layer. This is another way of filtration.
C1: 0.2 C2: 0.7 C3: 0.3 C4: 0.6 This iteration establish on the weaving surface which focus on the functionality of suitable in the surrounding context. What composition could be when the design is under the water with weaves that water flow creates. In addition, I do not leave any holes, but be instead of cutting a strip of gap. However, this form is not effective in trapping aspect.
SPECULATE UPON DESIGN POTENTIAL:
According to play with the algorithmic definition of Volta Dom, I mainly focus on its functionality and make the change to test. This is very potential to use this kind of design into sculptural or faรงade field. The repeating geometric design is very flexible and simply to create different effects by doing the different arrangement of geometries. When I experiment the definition apply on the effect that I need, what I need to do is to choose the geometry I want to use and change the arrangement of it. For instance, the massive design is required, so the arrangement could be compressive with geometries; if the flexible design is required, then the geometric structure arrangement could be twisted or make the different forms etc.
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B.3. CASE STUDY 2.0
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Figure 1: San Gennaro North Gate (San Gennaro North Gate by Softlab, 2016)
Figure : San Gennaro North Gate (Admda, 2011)
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SAN GENNARO NORTH GATE BY SOFTLAB
San Gennaro North Gate is an out door sculpture which is suspended by using the surrounded building and street lamp as support. The structure itself is a lightweight and flexible structure. ‘This sculpture is 25-foot tall, but only 120 pounds.’ (Amada, 2011) The materials it used include ‘Mylar, Aluminum Grommets, Photo Gels and aluminum Pipe.’ (“Installation by Softlab at the Annual San Gennaro Festival in NYC,” 2012) The San Gennaro North Gate was built for the Annual San Gennaro Festival. The idea of this sculpture is ‘two oculi form the piece; one pointing up and the other facing the ground defining where pedestrians pass.’ (Amada, 2011)
This sculpture used minimal patterns as the surface. The most success thing in this sculpture design I think is to fabricate it out. The fabrication of San Gennaro North Gate is using laser cut to make the minimal panels and assemble the panels together by grommets to connect. The computation plays a significant role in this stage to calculate and make it out. When install the sculpture, the tension force apply on the sculpture and using cable and tubes to connect with surrounding construction.
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Case Study 2 Reverse engineer use Grasshopper
Step 1: Make base surface Make the surface in Rhino and rebuild the surface in three degree, tem points. After rebuild, I open the control points and drag the control point form the shape I want.
Step 4: Make surface box Create the boxes of the surface by using ‘surface box’ component. The boxes are the boundaries of the geometry to put into.
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Step 2: Trim the hole Firstly, I set up two surface in the position Then trim the base surfaces to make two wh
surfaces and locate the of where I want to trim. surface with two plane holes of the base surface.
Step 3: Divide surface Divide the surface by points that allow to set up the position of boxes.
Step 5: Morph the pattern on the surface Using ‘box morph’ c omponent to morph the geometry onto the surface.
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B.4. TECHNIQUE: DEVELOPMENT
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ITERAT SPECIES 1: THE LINEAR WORK
SPECIES
SPECIES 2: PLAY WITH CONTOUR
SPECIES 3: OLAY WITH CULL PATTERN
SPECIES 4: PLAY WITH VORONOI
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TIONS
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ITERATIO SPECIES 5: PLAY WITH THREE DIMENSIONAL PATTERN
SPECIES
SPECIES 6: PLAY WITH STRUCTURE BY USING KANGAROO (GRID)
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SPECIES 7: PLAY WITH STRUCTURE BY USING KANGAROO (SURFACE )
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ONS
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SUCCESSFUL SPECIES: S2-3
S2-3: C1:0.75 C2: 0.9 C3: 0.6 C4: 0.5
This iteration is expressed in a simple form that is constructed by the linear strips. In this iteration, the strip is the pattern of the design. The composition of combination of curve and straight line and arrange them in order to present an aesthetic way. This arrangement also satisfied with the function of trap rubbish and suit for the context. The entire design looks like the cage; the big whole is aimed for the wildlife come and out. However when the rubbish is trapped into the structure, most of rubbish would not find the way out. This design is not only for trap the rubbish, but also used to keep the rubbish to avoid rubbish floating with river. For overcome the water pressure and water flow aspect, the design would put the thinnest side with the same direction of water flow in order to reduce the resistance force of water.
S2-7
S2-7: C1:0.8 C2: 0.6 C3: 0.6 C4: 0.8
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The pattern of this iteration is plane; the main focus point of this iteration of the aesthetic aspect. Firstly, design the board direction of the design such as the curvier form which used to match with the water flow. Under the condition of curvier form, make the tiny difference of each plane in order. The arrangement of this design creates a dynamic fluid curvilinear shape. This is the aesthetic aspect of this design to use for attracting visitors. The gaps between each plane is very tiny which suit for both little and large rubbish. In addition, there is the hole trimmed out in the structure is the pass way for wildlife.
S4-6 This iteration is focused on the porosity aspect of design. The shape and distribution of pattern is created by voronoi. Voronoi creates the different shapes of every hole on one surface. However the shapes should be develop if using this idea for later design. Although every shape is different which satisfied both large rubbish and small rubbish, most of holes are expressed in the similar area. Therefore, the potential development of this iteration of to make the big different of size between the holes or add the net for some holes.
S4-6: C1:0.8 C2: 0.5 C3: 0.9 C4: 0.75
S4-7 This iteration is developed base on the S4-6 iteration. The large holes are for the wildlife and the tiny holes for the rubbish. There are also extruding item of the edges of big hole. The reason to design the extrude surface is to avoid the rubbish which filter by small holes and then turn pass into the big hole. Due to the base surface of this design is quiet flat, which does have enough volume to trap the rubbish. The pattern of this iteration is the minimal pattern which acts the connection role of this structure.
S4-6: C1:0.8 C2: 0.8 C3: 0.9 C4: 0.7
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B.5. TECHNIQUE: PROTOTYPES
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POTOTYPES:
1
First prototype: The first prototype I used the joints as my connection. Every shape leaves the gaps for joints to assemble the pattern into the structure. After fabricate the physical model, I found that only one angle of joint cannot satisfy the requirement of curvier structure. Therefore, this type of joint only allows me to assemble the pattern in straight plane. In order to avoid the structure collapsing, I used the double joints to stable the structure. For the criteria of my prototype, I want the structure could be more flexible to corresponding to the conditions under the river. The material I would choose for this prototype can be either cardboard or polypropylene which contain the both characteristics of flexile and hardness.
Third prototype: The third connection of prototype is the using hard structure to fix the structure from the interior. When I fabricated it out, I found it has the same issue with the first prototype which is cannot blend into curvier structure. The development of this prototype could be make different types of curve structure or have the angles that allow the pattern can be assembled in the curve form. the material of this connection should be very hard and I would choose the steel strip or the tubes.
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2
Second prototype: The connection of my second prototype is the steel string. I blend the pattern into the symmetric curvier structure and make the little holes at the edge of surface allow the string to across. Due to the flexibility and hardness of steel strings, I could use it to fixed the position and the curve form of the pattern. This prototype could rotate in any angles or forms which satisfy my criteria of flexibility. However, the materials choose of this prototype I don’t recommend the polypropylene. The reason is the polypropylene is weak for bearing the force when you blend it.
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B.B.6. PROPOSAL
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Brief: The brief is to design a structure aim to the pollution of Merri Creek. Merri Creek has the serious pollution issues. The design should also incorporate with the pattern in both functional and aesthetic way.
Site analysis: Merri Creek is the creek divided from Yarra River flows from northern to southern of Melbourne. I would choose Dight Fall as my site. I would explore to design a filteration system of Merri Creek to filter the rubbish. The rubbish are mainly from two scources; the first one is from human. people throw when they visit the site. The second scources is the factories which outfall the properly disposing of chemicals, oils and paints. When I went to the site, I can see the fuel floating on the river and the colour of river is very dirty; that I hardly see through the river. There are many rubbish sinking in the bottom part of river. 'Last year Melbourne Water removed around 2,300 cubic metres of rubbish and debris from the Yarra catchment, including Merri Creek.' ("Works to improve Merri Creek", 2012) That is the huge amount of rubbish pollution. Trace back to the 20th century, the neighbouring factories run off their waste water into the Merri Creek; that cause the huge damage of the Merri Creek. The design concept: I would like to design the net structure by using the patterns to structure it. The design would contain the large holes and small holes. The large holes are used for wildlife and small holes are used for filtering the rubbish. The design should also gather the functionality and aesthetic. The design is put into the water, but the design would expand out the river level to let visitors watch it. I would also want to use my design to attract visitors; therefore, more people pay attention to this site, more contribution would pay to it to solve the pollution issue.
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PHOTOMONTAGE OF THE SITE
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B.7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME:
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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Through the part b, I have understood the significant role that computation play in the current architecture realm. The parametric design is generally used in the design processing. It has the benefit of some specific that physical model hard to solve. Especially the Kangaroo plug in to play with the surface, force, strength etc. The computation tool really helps me play with the patterning structure. I also play with the components during the parametric modeling. I tried to combine different definitions together to get some unique outcomes. For instance, when I was doing the species of voronoi component and I was thinking how about I add the cull pattern or list item into the definition to see what could I get of the structures. The result is very useful and I put several different structures into my iteration matrix. Sometimes, I also play the components unconsciously and I could get the surprise of the final outcome. Computation is a really useful tool to help with the design in both modeling and inspiring. Another thing I learnt from part b is the digital fabrication. I used to know that physical model is very important in the design process, but I always do it by hand. After exploring the prototype exercises, I realized that digital fabrication useful and easily to find the limitations of the design.
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REFERENCES:
Amada, C. (2011). Softlab’s Colorful Sculpture Brings a Modern Twist to Little Italy’s San Gennaro Festival. Retrieved from: http://inhabitat.com/nyc/softlabs-colorfulsculpture-brings-a-modern-twist-to-little-italys-san-gennaro-festival/ Installation by Softlab at the Annual San Gennaro Festival in NYC. (2012, October). Retrieved from: http://dzinetrip.com/installation-by-softlab-at-the-annual-sangennaro-festival-in-nyc/ Luis, L. (2016). Volta Dom by Skylar Tibbits. Retrieved from: http://www.arch2o. com/voltadom-by-skylar-tibbits-skylar-tibbits/ Parametric & Generative Architecture & design. Retrieved from: https://au.pinterest. com/pin/303148618637607413/ San Gennaro North Gate by Softlab [online image]. Retrieved from: http:// designplaygrounds.com/deviants/san-gennaro-north-gate-by-softlab/ Sushant, (2016) Shapes of parametric architecture. Retrieved from: http://www.arch2o. com/shapes-of-parametric-architecture/ Works to improve Merri Creek. (2012, Febury). Retrieved from: http://melbournewater. com.au/aboutus/news/Pages/Works-to-improve-Merri-Creek.aspx
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B.8. APPENDIX
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PART C DETAILED DESIGN
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C.1. DESIGN CONCEPT
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SITE ANALYSIS:
Our chosen site is Dights fall, which is located at the junction of Yarra River and Merri Creek. The site is surrounded by residential area and Eastern Freeway. The topography of northern riverbank is flat and much lower than the opposite river bank. Visitors could have a good view of Dights fall and feel close to the nature which provide the opportunities to connect human with nature. In the other hand, the site is also a natural green open space. Therefore, most visitors come to this site to do the exercises such as jogging; biking activates and so on.
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FISHWAY: There is an existing concrete structure fishway in the site. ‘Fishway is an artificial pathway that allows for fish species to pass through barrier in Merri Creek’ (Melbourne water, 2016). The barriers help fish move from downstream to upstream by reducing the speed of water flow. The current fishway of Dights Fall consist of vertical slots that are gradually sloped. In addition, the whole structure is fit in the topography of the riverbank. According to the research that Merri Creek supports ‘17 species of native fish and 11 species migrate downstream and upstream during their lifecycle.’ (Melbourne, 2016)
Figure 1: Fish Species (Melbourne water, 2016)
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Figure 2; Fishways (2016)
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Our brief is: to redesign the fishway human observation of the migration p and care for our na
DESIGN PROPOSAL:
n part C, our group decides to design a fishway by using pat The structure of fish way is consisting by ‘a series of int 2016) Each unit of interconnected pools acts as a barrier t the upstream to downstream. We think patterning techni patterning could consist the barrier system. In the other h space allow fish pass though. For the clients’ aspect, the int to educate clients to protect fauna, we also design a platform under the platform. We mainly design two shapes of patter purposes. For instance, the shape we used for platform and b and human observation; conversely, the shape used for side o resistance for water flow. In addition the circular shape is u allow visitors stand on the platform. The patterning techniq aspect. For the form of fishway redesign, we would design t of our brief. The curvy shape also has the relationship with
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and integrate a viewing platform for process in order to evoke appreciation atural surrounding.
atterning technique instead of strips and folding technique. terconnected pools bypassing an obstruction.’ (Fishways, to slow down the water flow, therefore fish can pass from ique is more suitable in this design; in the one hand, the hand, the gaps between each pattern could create enough terest patterning design could get their attention. In order m that people can stand on it to observe the fish movement rn that could create the different size of gaps for different barriers would make bigger gaps to allow the fish migration of fishway would make smaller gaps that would make more used to reinforce the framing structure and provide space que gives the opportunities of both aesthetic and functional the integral structure like a fish which echo with the theme the shape that water flowing.
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WORK FLOW:
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Geometry patterns
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C.2. TECTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPES
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During the fabrication processes, we start to think how can we connect each pattern to reflect different feelings and show the continuity. Therefore, we divided our design into two parts; first part is the outer structure which should be rigid to have ability to bear the force from platform and water. The second part is the inner barriers that should be flexible and loose to allow the structure have the same movement with water flow. Then we initial decided two kinds of connections for rigid and loose. However, after we made one prototype, there emerged a problem made us add an additional connection.
FIRST CONNECTION:
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This connection is for the inner structure which show the flexibility that could swing with water flow. We prefer to use steel chains to connect the panels.
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SECOND CONNECTION:
This connection is for the outer structure which shows the rigidity. Using bolts connect the panels and using nuts to fix it at the back. Therefore, in the reality we prefer using steel materials.
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THIRD CONNECTION:
This connection is for connecting the platform with side structure. This connection is blend into 90degree which is used in the concern sections. The material we also prefer steel plate.
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BASE CONNECTION:
This is for the base connection which connect the fishway structure with river bed.
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FIRST PROTOTYPE
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This is our first prototype; it failed to show our model. There are two main failures; the first failure is the model is hardly standing. The second failure is the model does not have the clear boundary at the transition from the top to the side.
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SECOND PROTOTYPE
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After the first prototype, we solved our first problem by add the additional strip framing to support and fix the structure. The solution of our second failure is adding the additional connection to make the 90-degree angles.
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C.3. FINAL DETAIL MODEL
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SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS：
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SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS：
This is the sunlight in 10.00am of Februry
This is the sunlight in 14:00pm of Februry
This is the sunlight in 14:00pm of June
This is the sunlight in 10:00am of september
This is the sunlight in 14:00pm of september
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PROCESS:
Step one: connect the side structure by using bolts and nuts and set up the patterning framing system. using strips to support.
S t e p t w o : m a ke t h e i n n e r patterning framing system by using strings and connect to the outer structure by using bolts and nuts.
Step three: make the platform by using bolts and nuts and connect with side by using 90-degree plate.
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FINAL MODEL:
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MATERIALITY:
For the material of this design, our group consider the fibre reinforced plastic. In one aspect, Fibre reinforced plastic is made by recycled plastic. In addition, our theme relates with the natural and evokes human’s appreciation, the recycled plastic is a sustainable product which has the high efficacy. In the other aspect, plastic is a flexible material that is suitable for the water resistance. However, ‘recycled plastic is resistant to termites, microorganisms and moisture, and will never split, rot, crack or need painting.’ ('Who is replas', 2015) These characteristics fit with our structure that is underwater structure.
SITE MODEL:
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B.7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME:
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LEARNING OUTCOME: From the beginning of this semester, I have just touched with rhino for a while and never touched with the Grasshopper. Parametric modeling is totally different with the normal way I simulate model. I get used to simulate model by composing the geometries or shapes. I was not used to using parametric to simulating the models at the beginning. However, during the practices for this whole semester, I have not only play the grasshopper, but also play several plug-in such as kangaroo, Weaverbird and Ladybug. I found the parametric design is really useful and convenient. I could use kangaroo plug-in to show the force; using Weaverbird plugin play with the mesh and using Ladybug to demonstrate the sunlight etc. Parametric tool and fabrication gave me new experiences in architecture. Before, I like handmaking model; however, the fabrication let me think the each structures and how to connect each part. Even through I encountered many problems during the fabrication, but when I finished it I totally understand my project. Nowadays parametric tools and fabrication stand an important role during the design process.
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REFERENCE： Fishways. (2016). Retrieved from: http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/fishing/habitat/ rehabilitating/fishways Melbourne Water (2016). Fishways Fact Sheet. Victoria: The Place to Be. Who is Replas. (2015). Retrieved from: http://www.replas.com.au
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