SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORY

Emile Durkheim’s theory of social disorganization

This theory is a foundational concept in criminology that explores the social order, crime and breakdown of social norms within a community.

Durkheim introduced the ANOMIE.

Anomie refers to a state of breakdown of social norms within a society due to lack of clear norms and rules that individuals resulting prone more to engage in criminal activities.

Durkheim believed that a shard set of morals values can act as a social mechanism to disconnect individuals from engaging into criminal activities.

According to Durkheim rapid social change and economic upheaval can lead to social disorganization.

MERTON’S STRAIN THEORY

It is apartofsocialdisorganizationtheory, which focussesonhow cultural goals andthesocial structures can lead to social disorganization.

As when individuals feels a disconnect between their goals and means to achieve their goals which can create a strain between them causing social disorganization.

Merton says that structural factors such as poverty and limited access to resources to achieve personal goals may create a strain between the society causing social disorganization.

Psychodynamic Theory

This theory is of Sigmund freud. This theory is about human psyche has had an influence on the field of criminology.

Thistheoryfocusesontheunconsciousmindandtheinterplayofofpsychologicalforces which accounts in committing of criminal activities.

There is ID, SUPEREGO ,EGO

The ID represents primitive desires seeking inadequate immediate gratification .

The EGO represents that it mediates between the ID and SUPEREGO.

The SUPEREGO represents internalized societal norms and moral values.

This theory suggests that criminal behavior can be understood as a result of conflicts within the individuals.Freud believed that early childhood experiences and the development of the personality during the formative years could impact adult behavior.

Traumatic experiences during childhood might contribute to criminal tendencies later in use.

Freudian concepts can offer valuable insights into the psychological factors that influence crime.

Importance Of Criminology

• Criminology provides valuable insights into the causes behind criminal behaviors.

• This understanding is very crucial for law enforcement agencies , judges and lawyers to deal with the criminal minds and criminals.

• Criminology also considers the experiences of the crime victims and the impact of crime on the communities, on the society , on different individuals.

• By understanding criminology better and by understanding crime and criminals and their behavior and geographical conditions of criminals when they committed crime helps develop the strategies to reform these criminals or to make strategies to tackle these criminal minds to protect the individuals , the society and the communities from harm.

• Ultimately the goal of criminology is to enhance public safety.

Conclusion

Criminology is basically the scientific study of crime and criminals. In this, welearnt about howcriminologyhelps us to reformthesocietyfrom crimeand criminal minds.

These theories tells us about different type of criminal behavior’s and criminal psyche.

By studying criminology we can make measures to reform the society.

We can divide the criminals on the basis of the intensity of their crime and on the basis of their passion towards committing crime and keep them according to these divided sections in jails to reform them and save them from getting more influenced by another criminals to commit crime.

As we discussed it is the free will of a person or geographical conditions and different situations that create a criminal mind, so by studying about them we can create measures to stop the criminals from committing crime by teaching the society more moral values.

We can stop crime by reducing the level of strain that comes between the different sections of the society due to lack of means to achieve their aspirations and this can be done when ever person will be provided with suitable means to achieve their aspirations without any discrimination based on caste, status, or gender.