WORK SAMPLES by Xinru Liu

Selected Work Samples Xinru Liu Hybridization of Physical/Digital Urban/Rural

Selected works of Xinru Liu

P.4

Architecture 1) Undergraduate Thesis: Transformation 2) Climate Change Musuem 3) Village X School (K-12 School Competition) 4) Adaptive Reuse: Lishijia House Renovation 5) Hospitality: Dali Well House Hotel 6) Residential: California Pool House 7) Commercial: Blue Marble Ice Cream Flagship 8) Public Library: Queens Library Elmhusrt Branch 9) Landscape: Queens Library Outdoor Space

P.42

Research 10) Master Degree Thesis: Alternative Rural Development in the Age of Internet: a close look at e-Commerce village typologies in rural China

P.48

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Technology 11) Exhibition: Incense Culture & The Philosopgy of Smell 12) Installation: Soundscape and Light Installation 13) Installation: Eyes See You 14) Computational Hair 15) Interactive Bench

Transformation

The project Transformation is driven by my curiosity of the content-form relation in finding how form relates to content and whether there is a derivative relation in between. Strongly influenced by contemporary critical thinking and philosophy, I juxtaposed language with architecture, comparing the semanticssyntax relation to content-form relation. In the process of finding what is the “being” of architecture, I encountered the concept of “Différance” developed by Derrida and adopted this concept in an experimental process of making architecture, which became the project Transformation.

Architecture

Glacier arrives naturally as an embodiment of “Différance”

fig 1 Columbia Glacier, 1986 Alaska

fig 2 Columbia Glacier, 2014 Alaska

Collage composed of multiple photos of the edge of Columbia Glacier over time.

The formation of glacier, which has been through centuries of snow accumulation, is a process of transformation. The physicality of glacier is also in constant transformation, which results from the changes of temperature and collision. Columbia glacier is one of the most rapidly changing glaciers on this planet; It retreats over 12 miles since the 80s. Figure 1 and 2 show the aerial view of the drastic difference of Columbia Glacier over time. Composed area map

Site model detail

Model making is beyond pure representation in this project; it stands by itself as a piece of creation, and a way of subjective representation.

Site is modeled as an assemblage of small fragments to show the mechanics of the movement of water and glacier. Site model detail

Both the water body and the glacier body are fundamentally the same thing—H2O. In molecule level, they are different configuration of H2O. In another word, both the glacier and the water are the signifiers of the H2O. The site model is an abstraction; water is represented by a field of paper seesaws, and ice is represented with clear plastic tubes. By using similar lanaguge in constructing the water body and the glacier, the site model synchronizes the solid and the liquid forms of water into the same form of being - the massing of modules.

This is a non-full, non-simple, non-complete and non-hierarchy space. This is a space that loses its identity in its translation of the context; however, an endless chain of different identities in the process gets revealed. This is a space sited in the process of emerging and dissolving; it is also a metaphor of the process of sound transforming into language. Language emerges out of sound; it displaces and differentiates itself from the others.

Ice emerges out of water; it displaces and differentiates itself via the change of density. Form emerges out of the landscape; water levitates it, wind displaces it, ice breaks it and gravity expands it. Program emerges from the moving body; we walk and transitional space appears; we gather and private space arrives; we dance, run and jump so the space also gets excited and intoxicated. This is a space that ultimately connects our body with the nature.

Axonometric exploded diagram (left) Perspective drawing (middle) Perspective drawing (right)

Inspired by Paper-Cutting Art, this model is designed in grasshopper in order to achieve the complex cutting pattern generated by the water surface analysis of the site.

Plan diagram

Framing Climate Change In partial collaboration with Evelyn Zeng

“Moving climate to the center of culture, ethics, and public life” is the core mission of the Climate Museum Launch Project, The challenge of our studio is to unpack the complex set of issues surrounding climate change, develop architectural projects that will demonstrate resiliency, innovation, urgency and common purpose in understanding the role climate plays in our lives. My project, collaborating with Evelyn Zeng, is about creating a series of moments that can frame the relationships among different factors lead to Climage Change. We want to create a space that can imply the complexity of the issue meanwhile communicating with the audience through its spatial experience. The circulation paths acted as docents for visitors and revealed the complexity of climate change. In this case, my museum proposal became a manifesto of my critique to the present oversimplified approach to the issue of climate change; different exhibit rooms are arranged in juxtaposition to each other around a central circulation core, breaking through the traditional linear and hierarchical spatial arrangement Via the the strategy of view framing, moments of the concurrence and divergence of different exhibit spaces are captured.

Architecture

Located within the flood zone, stormwater management is a big concern of the site. Landscape plays a vital role for its ability of absorbing overflow water and of balancing the exhibit space and the public space. The ground level landscape functions as a public space for play and rest; restoring the original wetland eco-system strengthen the resiliency of the site.

Axon drawings of the elevated gallery space and the landscape 2

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Axon drawings of landscape plan

Study of Urban wetland I

Study of Urban wetland III

Small landscape groups are placed in relation to each exhibit space, creating moments of indoor-outdoor ambiguity.

Study of Urban wetland II

Study of Urban wetland IV

Mezzanine is the core for the interlocked frames, the concurrence of frames

15 Framing plays different roles in the space; it opens up view to the urban context and exterior landscape; it creates access between different exhibit spaces; it visually places together two or more exhibit spaces.

Rendering of the entrance hall

Rendering of the exhibit space

School X Village shenzhen school design competition

This project is a proposal responding to the open call of a K-12 school design in Buji Town, Shenzhen, China. The open call asks a proposal that could reinvent school and redefine the local Hakka Culture. My Proposal is trying use the logic of village space to create a campus that could foster close connection between the students and the community. Driven by the concept, the campus is designed by orchestrating a year-long events that could take place on campus. Therefore, the whole proposal is showcasing the production of school space in a year. Centered around these affinities,

Affinity to Nature Affinity to Community

School Village

Affinity to Peers

Affinity to Knowledge The four “affinities “ that a school could provide: the affinity to nature, the affinity to peers, the affinity to knowledge, and the affinity to community.

19 Affinity to Nature

Affinity to Peers

Form a continuous ground all across the campus with native plants landscaping.

Classrooms are arranged not by year, but by community. Each block is a small community that houses a cluster of classrooms. Students from different years are put within the same community to form a cross-age collaboraation. In project-based classroom, such as handcrafts, science lab, students from different year will study together.

Affinity to Community

Affinity to Knowledge

Part of the ground space is dedicatedd to a community garden. Students nad community members will work together in the garden. .

Other than Project-based classroom, subject-based classroom are arranged on the second level, scattered around the campus to encourage students interaction.

To bring community to school, I leveraging the multifunctionality of the playground so that it could become a public space to enhance local network and community bounding. In this proposal, school as a public ground has four purposes: 1) connect students with the local community. 2) Invite community to school. 3) Pave long term community bounding. 4) Promote public helath and active liftstyle.

School, in the traditional culture, is more than just an educational place, it is als a place to bound the local young generation and inherit local spirit. In the metropolitan Shenzhen, clan is disappearing, yet a new form of community, a community of heterogeneous culture and demographic, is coming to about. In this context, school should carry out the essence of the traditional shuyuan culture to perform as a new community bounding adhesive. 21

Adaptive Reuse/Renovation

Lishijia House Adaptive Reuse in collaboration with ATLAS studio

The project aims to renovate a 19th century 8,000 sf traditional Qing dynasty house into a gallery space. The project contains a renovation of the old wood structure house, a 800 sf light steel structure addition for workshop and admin use, and an atrium space in the center for conference and large-size gathering. In order to maintain the original wood structure and furnishing, we created a modular system for exhibition. Prefabricated steel structure modular display partitions are inserted into the old traditional rooms to create a flexible and modern exhibition space. The new addition structure utilizes perforated steel panel as the main facade material in order to maximize the natural ventilation as the site is located in warm climate zone. Through the semitransluscent surface, the new addition is visually connected with the old house.

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Incenses popular in Song

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Hospitality

Dali Well House Hotel in collaboration with ATLAS studio

The project aims to provide a special hotel space centered around the concept of Living At the Rice Field. The site is originally a rice terrace patio with a total elevation change of 11 meter. The complex is composed of a reception builidng and three hotel buildings, each of which has four luxurious units. All buildings are designed with close collaboration with local carpenter using local wood building technics. 27

Hospitality

California Pool House

A 300 sf pool house with a 4’x10’ pool addition to a single family house in Placerville, CA. The design is aim to provide privacy while providing maximum patio space. The 300 sf indoor pool house is made to be flexible for alternative office use and gym use.

Adaptive Reuse/Renovation

Blue Marble Ice Cream Flagship Renovation Marpillero Pollak Architects

The project aims to renovate a 1000 sf ice cream shop into a multi purpose commercial/community hub. Work closely with the client, this renovation addresses the need of having an efficient layout with flexible seating space that can be easily converted into a community gathering space. Through rearranging the layout, it adds a ADA bathroom while leaving space for a destinated kid’s area. 31

Diagrams illustrating how the space can be used in different scenairos.

Top: Rendering of the front of the shop. Bottom: photo of the renovated space.

Adaptive Reuse/Renovation

Queens Library Elmhurst Branch Marpillero Pollak Architects

With 80,000+ users, speaking more than 57 languages in their homes, Elmhurst Library serves the most diverse community in New York City. The new library is now the busiest branch in Queens Library’s network of 64 community libraries, with an expected circulation of more than 1.2 million items per year. The new 30,500-sf facility replaces the 1904 Carnegie building and its multiple additions, doubling its size and more than tripling program space, as well as enabling the possibility of a future 16,000-sf addition. As neighborhood anchor and community hub, the new library fulfills Queens Library’s mission of access, transparency, and technology. We worked closely with Queens Library Operations and Maintenance during the design process to support new operational procedures and expanded services, including automated book processing. Double height spaces create unique reading areas. Two suspended structural-glass reading rooms position patrons in the larger environment, glowing as luminous beacons after dark. The Broadway Cube is above an urban thoroughfare; the Park Cube sits within the renewed Community Park. The two Cubes are calibrated to relate with the scale of the historical fabric. Through use of innovative materials and systems, and inclusion of public art, the Cubes invite people to consider themselves as participants in the process of supporting and enhancing the Elmhurst community’s rich ethnic diversity.

Landscape

Queens Library Outdoor Space Marpillero Pollak Architects

Several small outdoor landscaping projects are included in this project. The design goal is to create a pedestrain friendly, livable, and community oriented outdoor spaces in the currently under utilized outdoor garden spaces of the branches of Queens Library.

Top Left: Rendering of the entrance of the library Bottom Left: Plan of the outdoor space. Top Right: an example of the construction documents. Bottom Right: Bird eye view of the outdoor space.

Alternative Rural Development in the Age of Internet: a close look at e-Commerce village typologies in rural China

Taobao Village, a name created by Alibaba Group in 2009 to mark three Chinese villages heavily engaged in e-Commerce, has exceeded 5400 in number by 2020. The exponential growth of Taobao Village suggests that e-commerce is a generally applicable solution to alleviate rural poverty. Through data gathering and data analysis of the site information of 5400+ Taobao Villages, my research for this thesis project identifies 16 different types of Taobao villages; each represents a unique combination of product type, location, and power structure. This research looks at the road network connectivity of these villages, which shows that most of these villages are located within close proximity to cities and small towns despite the expanding internet network coverage. My research further identifies villages producing products related to local culture and heritage. Through a comparative study of the morphology of villages producing locally-based products vs. villages producing non-local standard commodities, the study reveals that immaterial resource, such as local culture, crafts, and heritage, often engenders a more diversified local industry, which may help maintain the original village form while contributing to local economic growth.

Design Research

Today, the internet starts to become the dominant power; fiber optic cables, servers, and cellular towers are the new infrastructure. Since space, as geographer Doreen Massey said, is essentially about human relations and urban is ultimately about the political economy, an internet-based economy might bring about a radical change of urban space. As the virtual network helps us achieve an urban mode of living regardless of the physical space, it may seem redundant to expand urban fabric by building more. Indeed as Brenner and Schmid have postulated, the entire world has become urban. This research started with an overarching question: how do internet-based activities impact our physical space? What could be a non-binary urban-rural space in the age of the internet? The topic of the e-Commerce villages is an ideal research subject as it embodies both the hybridization of digital and physical and the hybridization of the rural and the urban. The conceptual framework of this research is summarized in three groups. Urban life in modern age, in which I studied the both the early and contemporary definition of urban life and the characteristics of modernity. Non binary urban rural space, in which I studied the industrialization-centered space formation, and Chinese urban rural relation which critiques the urban-rural being a western made concept that does not explain the complicated Chinese urbanrural relation. The third is the hybridized physical and digital space, which is center around Taobao Village study. This research utilizes data collection, data analysis, mapping, and visualization as the main research methodology.

Because of the lack of open-sourced data about Chinese E-Commerce villages, my research has utilized data collection and analysis to construct a catalog of Chinese E-Commerce villages. Through big data analysis, geo-mapping, and satellite image analysis, this research discovers that the Chinese E-Commerce village is not a distinctive village typology; instead, it comprises a diverse range of village types. This research sampled 418823 Taobao Villages as the base material for analysis and from this data identified 16 distinctive types of Taobao Villages based on their road network connectivity, their primary products, and their developmental drivers. Despite being categorized as E-Commerce villages, these Taobao Villages are very diverse in many aspects. Based on the production type, there is a spectrum between the highly industrialized production lines and the primitive small-scale handcraft production. Based on the product type, there are villages producing agriculture products, standardized industrial products, and finally there are a tiny number of villages producing culture, heritage, and crafts related products. Based on the developmental drivers, there are top-down government-led villages, bottom-up grassroots-led villages, and platform-led 44 villages (primarily led by Alibaba Group). Based on their locations, there are urban villages situated right at the heart of the municipality; there are also villages located far from convenient road networks. In general, there is a correlation between the village location and its primary products; villages located in close proximity to the road network and urbanized

Physical/Digital Urban/Rural

This research started with a hypothesis that an E-Commerce village is a new type of rural urban framework. However, once I started to collect the detailed data of every single Taobao Villages, I soon realized that the 4188 villages are a body comprised of of many types of village form. Studying it also reveals that Chinese E-Commerce villages reflect all types of alternative rural development that have emerged along the process of rural modernization since the 1950s. Through data analysis, national scale mapping, and village scale case study, I summarize four major findings: 1) There is a great diversity in the list of Taobao Village, and the majority of Taobao Villages have industrial history. I created 16 different E-Commerce village typologies to further summarize such diversity; 2) There is a correlation between the village location and its primary products: villages located closer to the road network and townships tend to produce the standardized industrial product, whilst villages located further away from the road network produce agricultural products. Villages that produce culture, heritage, and crafts products are less 46 impacted by location factor; 3) There is a correlation between location and the distribution of the public assets of the village; villages closer to road network and township, in general, have better public assets such as school, hospital, park, and bus station; 4) Virtual activities, such as E-Commerce, do not necessarily engender large-scale development;

Xidong Village layout in 2006

Xiaying Village layout in 2009

Xidong Village layout in 2020

Xidong Village remained village fabric

Xiaying Village layout in 2020

Xiaying Village remained village fabric

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Exhibition

Incense Culture & The Philosophy of Smell in collaboration with ATLAS studio part of A Day In An Open City: A Journey Through Springtime Along The River

In this multi-layered and pluri-faceted research, ATLAS studio and I have excavated data of economic, social and cultural relevance to historically contextualize the function of incense and the less tangible aspects of its wide production and circulation in Song times. Incense culture is an area of knowledge that encompasses a vast system of philosophical and ritual canons directly connected to its material and sensorial composition. The installation includes abridged historiography of commercial trade routes that unprecedentedly connected the Song to far lands in the southeast and west, places which many of the rare and expensive natural ingredients used to make incense come from. These geopolitical entanglements and their anthropological connotations-the lure of the exotic, the want for access to unordinary realms for “experiencing“ the world-all contribute to locate incense culture in an intermediate terrain between aesthetic and holistic practice.

The installation explores the complexity of incense as both material and process to unpack the subtending economic and social implications around its trade, ritualistic use and its mediating function as a meditative tool for creation and imagination. A video that investigates the process of incense burning and its olfactory ritual accompanies the core of this sensory installation which features a selection of key ingredients that compose incense in its purest form augmented by sonic and textual components explaining their texture, nature, and provenience

Incenses popular in Song

Ineractive incense holders, 3d printed

Entrance of the exhibit space

51 Exhibit space

Exhibit space

Soundscape and Light Installation in collaboration with Sayler/Morris part of the proposal for Arnold Arboretum

This concept consists of two main elements: sound and light. First, we propose to create a soundscape to encourage reflection and deep listening. The audio piece will be generated via sensors that “listen” to the individual trees in the grove and translate the data for human ears using an algorithm. Each tree will be equipped with a speaker. Our sound translation of the trees will not seek to make music per se. Rather, it will operate with the principals of poetic translation as articulated by Richard Howard, whereby “poetry [in translation] concerns us much more, and much more valuably, by its strangeness than by its familiarity: its authentic relation to us is its remoteness.” The second key element will consist of mirrors placed among the Metasequoia branches, along with a large mirrored disc near the center of the grove. The center mirror will be placed to reflect the sky and emphasize the sunlight, which is essential to the trees’ sustenance. As a reflective surface the mirror will also be in dialog with water, another essential element in the trees’ lifeworld. Smaller semi-reflective shapes will be delicately attached to the trees themselves, creating a kind of visual echo chamber in the grove wherein visitors will catch glimpses of themselves amongst the trees.

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Exhibition

Eyes See You in collaboration with Maria Roldan

I see you! is a playgful yet creepy installation that lures users with a vibrant array of eyes and stares at them. Conceptually, the project deals with objectification, social pressure, and eye geometry and movement. Design wise, it is split into three areas: the creation of eyes in a parametric manner, the arrangement of the eyes, and the sensors that control movement, The eyes consist of two parametric Bezier curves. Just like regulr eyes, they each contain an iris, which has a subtle gradient of colors to make it look more realistic, a pupil, eyelashes, which are the connection between corresponding points along scaled curves, and eyelids, with some fashionable eyeshadow that matches the eye color. Fills and line weights add other make up accents, like masara and eyeliner. The eyes are arranged in a canvas that adjusts to the projector. Using nested classes, they are created in pairs, so they blink and move together, just like your eyes do! The movement is controlled by two UNO sensors, One sensor tracks side-to-side movement and controls the pupils and irises. The other sensor tracks depth, and controls blinking, jittering and squeezing.

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Exhibition

Computational Hair in collaboration with Maria Roldan

How to recreate the organic and dyanmic hair is the key question in this project. Through understanding the geometry of hair, and the biological logic of its growth, we construct a two-phase representation of hair. Phase one is the digital hair, in which we wrote a C# script in Grasshopper to imitate the distribution of hair and the growth of differenet type of hair, as well as the movement hair under different type of wind sceniaro. Phase two is the physical hair, in which we constructed a pipeline to 3D print hair-like structure.

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Exhibition

Computational Bench Sosolimited

The concept design of this interactive bench is done by Sosolimited, I was hired as a 3D designer to realize the envision its fabrication method, details of the bench, and various construction related technical issues. The form of the bench is generated with a well thought-out grasshopper script to accomodate various design iteration. Subsequently, all components of the bench are generated in grasshopper, derived from the core scripta

Hybrid Experience, Art, and Exhibition