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Buckley Vann TOWN PLANNING CONSULTANTS
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES STRATEGIC PUNNING SPECIALIST PLANNING
E rl° AN VII- 0 S JSTA[NA; LE EVELO MENT DIRECTORATE (ESDD): ACT GOVE' N ,Ei WODEN, ATHLLON, MAWSON (WA M) COMMUNITY, SPORT AND RECREATION (CSR) STUDY P h a s e 2: N a r r a t i v e Report
DECEMBER 2012
atlas@buckleyvann,com.au vombuckleyvann.comaLF
Prepared by: Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd and Strategic Leisure Group
Document Management Author/s:
Kylie Rolley, Amanda Jordan
Reviewer/s:
Sharyn Briggs, Martin Lambert, Kylie Rolley, Liza Valks
Date:
21.12.12
Revision History Revision
Revision Date
Approved By
Details of Revision
A
11.10.12
Amanda Jordan
Draft for review by Briggs & Mortar
B
16.10.12
Sharyn Briggs
Review of draft report
C
17.10.12
Kim Amos
Additions from SLG and formatting of draft report
D
18.10.12
Amanda Jordan
Final changes to draft report
E
19.10.12
Liza Valks
Review of draft report
F
19.11.12
Amanda Jordan
Amendments based on client feedback
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction
1.1
Introduction to the WAM CSR Study
1.2
Purpose of this Report
1
1 1
2.0 Context
2
2.1
Aim
2
2.2
Key Considerations for CSR facility provision
3
2.3
Selection of Case Studies
5
3.0 Green Square Case Study
3.1 3.2
7
Case Study Overview and Background
7
Population and workforce
9
3.2.1
Resident Population
9
3.2.2
Employment and Workforce
9
3.3
Past and Present Development and Density
10
3.4
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply
11
Provision of Community Sport and Recreation Facilities
16
3.5
3.6
3.5.1
Existing CSR Facility Provision
16
3.5.2
Proposed CSR Facility Provision
18
Key Learnings from Green Square Town Centre
25 30
4.0 False Creek North Case Study
4.1
Case Study Overview and Background
30
4.2
Population and Workforce
31
4.3
Past and Present Development and Density
32
4.4
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply
32
4.5
4.4.1
Residential Development
32
4.4.2
Retail and Commercial Development
35
Provision of Community Sport and Recreation Facilities Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre
39
4.5.2
43
4.5.4
Turntable Plaza False Creek Community Centre David Lam Park
4.5.5
Andy Livingstone Park
44
4.5.6
George Wainbome Park Coopers' Park BC Place Stadium
44
Key Learnings from False Creek North
45
4.5.3
4.5.7 4.5.6
4.6
36
4.5.1
5.0 Pen rith City Centre Case Study
42 44 44 45 51
5.1
Case Study Overview and Background
51
5.2
Population and Workforce
54
5.2.1
Page i
Resident Population
54
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5.2.2 5.3
56
Past and Present Development and Density Commercial and Retail Development 5.3.1
5.4
Employment and Workforce Residential Development
57
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply 5.4.1
5.5
57
5.4.2
Overall Strategy City Centre
57 59
5.4.3
Future Development Expectations
60
Provision of Community, Sport and Recreation Facilities . . . . Existing CSR Facility Provision
5.5.1. 5.5.2 5.6
56
.
.
.
64 . 64
Proposed CSR Facility Provision
68
Key Learnings from Penrith City Centre
69
6.0 Summary of Findings
75
TABLES Table 1: Key Lessons from Elton Case Study Research Table 2: Case Study Matrix
3 5
Table 3: Key Elements and Learnings Table 4: Overview of CSR Facility Requirements and Provision
25
Table 5: Approximate gross floor area of Roundhouse and specific components Table 6: Key Elements and Learnings T a b l e ] : Key Elements and Learnings
41 69
Table 8: Case Study Comparison Table
75
36 47
FIGURES Figure 1: Location Map
8
Figure 2: Aerial Plan showing Green Square Town Centre Area Figure 3: Aerial Image of Green Square Town Centre and former South Sydney Hospital
8 10
Figure 4: Green Square Town Centre Structure Plan
12
Figure 5: Development Precincts Figure 6: Maximum Building Heights Figure 7: Anticipated Development Form
14
13 15 18
Figure 8: Current Facility Provision Figure 9: Location of future Library and Cultural Facility
20
Figure 10: Reuse of Heritage Buildings on South Sydney Hospital Site Figure 11: Existing and proposed open space in Green Square (City of Sydney, 2008, p.27) Figure 12: Location Map Figure 13: Maximum allowable heights in False Creek North as per City of Vancouver's Official Development Plan for False Creek North Figure 14: False Creek North residential unit development as at 2004 Figure 15: Development styles in False Creek North as viewed from the seawall Figure 16: Office and Mixed Use development locations and densities Figure 17: Location of Key CSR Facilities in False Creek North
Page ii
22 24 30 33 34 34 35 38
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Figure 18: Proposed phasing of Parks and Community Facilities (Official Development Plan) 38 Figure 19: Lower and Upper Floor Plans of the Roundhouse Figure 20: Views of the Roundhouse facility
40 42
Figure 21: Photograph of Turntable Plaza and False Creek North Figure 22: Location Map
43 52
Figure 23: Aerial image of the Penrith city centre Figure 24: Penrith City Centre Precincts (DP 2007, p.45) Figure 25: Penrith Community Profile Catchment
53 54 55
Figure 26: Penrith City Centre Urban Design Study — 2006 Figure 27: Proposed City Park at Allen Place — Penrith City Centre Vision * Figure 2-8: Riverlinkr Precinct and .Penrith CRY Centre
proximity to
59 "
•
Figure 29: Penrith City Centre and.current CSR facility provision Figure 30: DCP Character Areas
•
61 63 65 67
ACRONYMS CSR
Community, Sport and Recreation
DCP
Development Control Plan
DP
NSW Department of Planning
ESDD
Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate
FCN
False Creek North
GFA
Gross Floor Area
FCCA
False Creek Community Association
LEP
Local Environmental Plan
ODP
Official Development Plan (for FCN)
RCARS
Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Society
WAM
Woden, Athllon, Mawson (Woden Town Centre, Athllon Drive Corridor and Mawson Group Centre)
DEFINITIONS Urban Intensification
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An increase in density o f dwellings, activity/employment areas and population over an existing density, within a defined area.
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1.0 Introduction 1.1
Introduction to the WAM CSR Study
This narrative report has been prepared by Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd and Strategic Leisure Group in fulfilment of a deliverable for The Woden, Athllon, Mawson (Woden Town Centre, Athlion Drive Corridor and Mawson Group Centre) Community Sport and Recreation Study (hereafter termed the `WAM CSR Study'), for the Strategic City Planning and Design Branch of the Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate • • • • • (ESDD), of the ACT Government The aim of the WAM CSR Study is provide a background technical report that will inform a review of the Woden Town Centre Master Plan (2004) and preparation of a Master Plan for the Mawson Group Centre and Athllon Drive to occur in 2013 (the 'parent projects'). The Master Plans will inform the development of ACT Government Territory Plan Precinct Codes, guiding land use and providing development controls for these Centres.
1.2
Purpose of this Report
This report provides a narrative documentation of the findings of Phase 2 of the project in accordance with the overall project plan prepared by the project team and approved by ESDD in response to the study brief. The following provides an excerpt from the methodology section of the consultant team proposal report outlining the best practice comparative analysis task:
Phase 2, item 2.1 Undertake a high level comparative analysis of two (2) or three (3)1 best practice examples of Town Centre urban intensification, particularly in relation to demand and supply of
A narrative description of comparative examples and accompanying visual
CSR facilities and land and potentially also considering soci o-economi c
representations (this
characteristics, employment and residential trends, urban intensification management techniques, and techniques to promote a 'social city' environment. The assessment will draw
narrative will form a chapter Of the final issues paper)
on the social city framework as described in the Grattan Institute report, supplemented with other relevant literature as required. Phase 7, item 7.2 (d) How comparative urban intensification 'best practice' in CSR facility and land provision (site size and GFA) can be applied to the study area.
A sub-section of the draft and final Options and Recommendations Report
I Noted three preferred by the client
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
2.0 Context 2.1
Aim
The aim of the best practice case study comparative analysis is to understand current approaches and !earnings with respect to the provision of CSR facilities and associated land within areas experiencing urban intensification that may be applied to, and assist in the master planning of the WAM study area. When urban intensification occurs and there are an -increased "number o f residents, 'workers a-hd visitors to an area, the requirement for CSR facilities and associated land increases and changes. Given that urban intensification also alters the built form and physical dimension of an area, the approach to providing CSR facilities and associated land also needs to respond to this in order to facilitate community integration, diversity and sense of place. Analysing current approaches to CSR facility and associated land provision in urban intensification areas aims to generate understanding and insight into the types, location, size and nature of facilities provided and how these are implemented and managed. The approach for the comparative analysis study involved the selection of three (3) case studies of areas that have experienced/are experiencing urban intensification, where adequate documentation exists with respect to CSR facility and associated land provision. Attempts were made to select case studies which most closely reflected the likely physical, demographic and functional characteristics of Woden Town Centre; however this proved difficult in some cases, particularly in relation to the availability of adequate published information. Further information on the case study selection process is provided in Section 2.3. The analysis aimed to initially identify and understand the following elements of each case study: • • •
development and density (past, present and proposed); range and nature of CSR facilities and associated land provided, land supply provision levels and catchment populations (past, present and proposed); and range and nature of urban intensification (economic, employment, and residential) that occurred (or is occurring), and its effect, trends and patterns of demand on CSR facilities and associated land provision;
in order to identify key learn ings with respect to: • • • •
innovations in provision of facilities; opportunities for staging/delivery and re-use/upgrading of facilities; political and financial considerations; and approaches to governance and management of facilities.
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Further to the specific case study reviews, additional documentation considered to provide best practice for CSR facility provision in urban intensification areas has also been reviewed. Information that was drawn upon in the analysis included: (i)
Planning Social Infrastructure and Community Services for Urban Growth Areas project prepared by Brian Elton and Associates, 2011; (ii) Case Studies — Social Infrastructure in Urban Growth Areas is prepared by Elton Consulting
on behalf of the City of Charles Sturt and others dated 27 May 2011; (iii) Service Planning Model prepared by Elton Consulting on behalf of the City of Charles Sturt and others 10 November 2011; and • • (iv) Grattan Institute "Social City" report prepared by Jane-Frances Kelly in 2012.
2.2
Key considerations for CSR facility provision
The 'Social City' report produced by the Grattan Institute in 2012 considers how cities are built and organised can impact on social connection, which establishes a useful context for CSR facility provision in urban areas (Kelly, 2012). Three key guiding principles can be drawn out of this research and these are: • • •
changing the urban landscape through making better use of and increasing activities within under-utilised spaces and providing active street frontages with mixed uses; bringing people together in key areas and through concepts like community gardens; and enhancing access (and mobility levels) to facilities to increase levels of participation
Undertaken in late 2011, the 'Planning Social Infrastructure and Community Services for Urban Growth Areas project' (City of Charles Sturt et al, 2011) for a number of local governments in South Australia presents the outcomes of a review of best practice research on social infrastructure provision in urban growth areas. This research involved an extensive case study analysis of 15 areas and has provided detailed documentation on the overall findings. Based on this research a number of key lessons have been identified, which bear relevance to the WAM study. These lessons have been summarised and adapted in the Table 1.
Table 1: Key Lessons from Elton Case Study Research 'key Trends
ldentifiediBest'Peactice Rtquirements
Number Size and
•
Scale
• • •
Page 3
a more urban, compact form of social infrastructure fewer, better appointed, more centrally located, multi-purpose facilities larger facilities that provide a higher quality and wider range of spaces development that is sensitive to and integrated with the local setting
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.1;
effective links with the transport system clustering of community facilities in centres to enhance accessibility and connectivity location within town/village centre of urban infill projects important for users to combine visits to community facilities with other activities consideration of options such as community space within mixed use buildings or leasing spaces for community.use _ location and of facilities within joint integration community use co mixed use development can address challenges associated with high land values in urban intensification areas move away from building stand alone facilities pooling resources to provide better facilities important for urban infill projects where land is scarce and expensive
Location
CO-location
Multipurpose and multifunction
IdentifiecatostoPiadticeRequiremOhts
•
flexible and able to respond to changing needs provide for multiple uses and serve a range of population groups capable of adapting as needs change over time design can enhance the physical quality and appearance of public places and reinforce a place's identity when located in or within retail and commercial uses, community facilities can help reinforce the role of these areas for public gathering, meeting and information sharing
Place making and community identity
Community building and social gathering
•
more places for social gathering and meeting as a result of smaller household sizes and higher densities
Sustainability
•
income-generating activities to ensure the long term sustainability of facilities (examples include commercial cafes, fitness activities, monthly markets or including retail outlets) capacity for commercial operations should be built into the design of facilities
• Resourcing
•
well-resourced well-used, active and vibrant facilities tend to be the most
•
income generating space (outlined above) assists with long term: resourcing fewer, larger facilities increases levels of activity and utilisation joint bidding for funds, cross-agency collaboration
• •
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
.0Y IllFef10...
.eritiftediaeaPradtic0 Rettairenlents
Management
• • • •
Technology
• •
2.3
coordination of infrastructure delivery through an overall coordination •unit or body cross-agency collaboration and a partnership approach a multi-agency approach allows for integrated planning for joint-use models and efficiencies strategic asset management using asset management plans — provides benefits for long term management of facilities , . which may influence the floor space increasing role of technology requirements for facilities like libraries n i some cases less floor space is required for some functions but the same or more for other functions or meeting/gathering spaces
Selection of Case Studies
The following criteria were identified and used to select the case studies: (i) established town centre area and with a similar public transport function and possibly a transport corridor area that links to a centre/links two centres; i undergoing) urban intensification; (ii) area that has undergone (or s (iii) is relatively comparable in projected population size for the district and town centre; (iv) involves/will involve mixed use and medium to high density housing development; (v) involves/will involve comparable levels of employment if possible; (vi) availability of documentation, particularly post-occupancy evaluation. Based on these criteria, research was undertaken to identify a number of areas that may have been appropriate for undertaking a case study analysis. Table 2 below identifies the short list of case study areas and the matrix that was used to determine the final three case study selections. Table 2: Case Study Matrix !MI
1 Town ,I centre and , transport I corridor
I : •:::
I : ' .'
ete:016Welitetiao
1 Comparable Urban i Similar i ! Involves i public ! 1 population mixed , ( II intensification , size use I I transport I ' 1 i function. I" Medium i i.: 1' 1 fo tii-h- " ,1
il
'',"d
.
: .
)1
.:
I
r
:
Comparable employment levels2
Available documentation
t ' tiot!silld :
Green Square, Sydney NSW 2
This column has been left blank as employment levels for the WAM study area are still to be confirmed.
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Town centre and transport corridOr
Urban intensification
Similar public transport function
Involves mixed use / medium to high density housing
Comparable I 1 Comparable population employment i levels2 size
Available '! documentation
unknown
False Creek North, Vancouver, Canada Bowen Hills, Brisbane OLD Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, OLD Claisebrook Village, East Perth, WA Chermside, Brisbane, OLD Penrith City, NSW
Yr
Following discussion with the client, the case studies that were selected for a more detailed review included:
•
Green Square Town Centre, Sydney; Penrith City, Sydney; and
•
False Creek North, Vancouver.
•
The case study investigations are presented in sections 3-5. See section 6 for a summary table of the selected case studies.
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3.0 Green Square Case Study GREEN SQUARE Why it was selected? * Similar locational and population characteristics to Woden Town Centre •
Ability to understand how the use of existing facilities vs new facilities has played out
e
Significant workforce as well as residential population Available post-occupancy evaluation
•
Available information with respect to social infrastructure provision in an established area undergoing urban intensification/revitalisation
•
Similar size and development nature to WAM study area Similar distance to Sydney CBD as WAM is to Canberra
•
3.1
Case Study Overview and Background
The Green Square redevelopment area encompasses 278 hectares in South Sydney, located 4.5 kilometres south of the Sydney CBD, and is 'considered to be the largest urban renewal project in Australia' (Harrison, 2008). The overall Green Square redevelopment area is intended to accommodate approximately 40,000 residents by 2031. Green Square is part of the 'global arc' corridor of Sydney which encompasses industries and businesses that are 'important drivers in the global competitiveness and prosperity o f Sydney' (Architectus, 2012). The 13.74 hectare Green Square Town Centre is the redevelopment area's emerging commercial, retail and cultural hub and is expected to accommodate 5,500 residents and 7,000 workers by 2031. The town centre is located in the existing suburb of Zetland at the intersection of Botany Road, Bourke Street and O'Riordan Street and focused around the Green Square Station and Airport Link Railway. Figure 1 shows the location of the Green Square redevelopment area and town centre within the context of the greater Sydney region. Green Square is currently served by a network of bus routes and the passenger rail line that connects directly with Central station (in the CBD) and Redfern, as well as being on the rail line that connects Central station with the domestic and international airports. The Eastern Distributor passes by the eastern edge of Green Square giving Green Square providing access to Sydney's motorway route that serves the metropolitan area (Architectus, 2012). Green Square is in close proximity (and accessible by public transport) to three major universities, regional attractions such as Moore Park and the Entertainment Quarter, hospitals, and schools. The Sydney Metropolitan Strategy 2006 (regional level plan) identified the Green Square Town Centre as a 'Planned Major Centre' (of a typology comparable to Bondi Junction and Chatswood) and which is intended to play a key role in achieving housing targets for the overall City of Sydney (City of Sydney, 2008). This is echoed in the current Metropolitan Plan for Sydney 2036 which retains the Green Square Town Centre's status as a 'Planned Major Centre' (NSW Planning and Infrastructure, 2012). Figure 2 shows the Green Square town centre in the context of the surrounding Green Square redevelopment/urban renewal area.
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Figure 1: Location Map
P Gentra
AIRPORT LINK RAIL —
—EASTERN DISTRIBUTOR
-GREEN SQUARE REDEVELOPMENT AREA
Green Squire
•
GREEN SQUARE TOWN CENTRE
tiMascot /0111 Creek e. —CITY TO AIRPORT CORRIDOR M5
PORT BOTANY N.
Figure 2: Aerial Plan showing Green Square Town Centre Area
Page 8
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The Green Square Town Centre is intended to be a place 'where people can live, work, and go out either during the day o r at night for entertainment, cultural and community activities'. The vision for the town centre is for it to become a 'vibrant residential, commercial, retail and cultural centre for the Green Square urban renewal area' and suggests that 'high quality public spaces, including civic plazas totaling 4,200sgm, a centrally located park and new community facilities, will provide a new community hub for this emerging urban place' (City of Sydney, 2008). The majority of landholdings in the town centre are in public ownership (with some private ownership),
3.2
Population and workforce
3.2.1
Resident Population
In 2011 the population of the Green Square redevelopment area was 18,839. In 2016 the population is expected to increase to 26,798, 35,449 by 2021 and ultimately 48,852 people by 2031 with a working population of 26,987 workers (forecast.id, 2010). Notably this growth is the highest proportionally and absolutely than in any other part of the City of Sydney (City of Sydney, 2012). When compared with the other areas within the City of Sydney, Green Square is also the fastest growing area in the City with an average annual growth rate of 4.9% and has the highest proportion of home owners (forecast.id, 2010 and City of Sydney, 2012). The Green Square area currently has a large proportion of 25-34 year olds (more than double the Sydney average) and also has the highest proportion of children in the City (City of Sydney, 2012). In addition, there are a range of cultural and ethnic groups including a high proportion of Asian immigrants in the South Sydney area and part of the Green Square redevelopment area (Green Square and City South — Sydney 2030). Projected changes in age distribution to 2021 include:
•
largest proportional increase will be in 10-14 year olds; similar number of people aged 0-9 years and 20-29 years as the existing situation; significant increase in people aged 30-39 years; and
•
reasonable increase in people aged over 65 (forecast.id, 2012).
• •
The dominant household type has been couples without dependents and the main changes are expected to be in one parent families. A high proportion of households are projected to be small, with 55% expected to be single person or couple households with no dependents (forecast.id, 2012). 3.2.2
Employment and Workforce
Currently, Green Square residents are highly educated, with high employment levels (City of Sydney, 2012). Increasing numbers of young professionals have moved into the area, given the area's proximity to the CBD and access to public transport.
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In 2006, the key employment industries within Green Square (entire redevelopment area, not just the town centre) included manufacturing, retail, wholesale trade, business, storage and transport (Architectus, 2012). The vision for Green Square Town Centre envisages that young singles, couples and empty nesters will be the demographic focus for the development (Landcom undated).
3.3
Past and Present Development and Density
The South Sydney region, including the Green Square redevelopment area, has a history of diverse socio-economic and cultural groups, and an industrial past: Of recent timeยง there have been many changes in the area south of the Sydney CBD where industry began to move out, and new commercial and government premises moved in. 3.3.1
Commercial and Retail Development
The Green Square redevelopment area is currently characterised by a mix of uses including 1-2 storey commercial and warehouse buildings, office buildings of up to 10 storeys, commercial heritage buildings, traditional terrace housing and more recent/newer styles of multiple unit development along with lower density housing. Overall the area would be considered to have a medium density development form. The Green Square town centre currently has a similar medium density form and currently includes the former South Sydney Hospital site. An aerial image of the town centre (including the former hospital) and its immediate surrounds is provided in Figure 3. Figure 3: Aerial Image of Green Square Town Centre and former South Sydney Hospital
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
3.3.2
Residential Development
The area has a higher proportion of non-residential properties than most of the City of Sydney, other than the CBD (City of Sydney, 2012). Notwithstanding this, there has been significant development within the Green Square area since 2001 in the housing sector (Architectus, 2012) and currently more than three-quarters of homes are in multi-storey apartments (City of Sydney, 2012). Furthermore, it is understood that approximately 5,700 new dwellings have been built since the year 2000, bringing in close to 11,000 new residents (City of Sydney, 2011). The established neighbourhoods of Zetland, Rosebery and Beaconsfield (which form part of the broader Green Square redevelopment area) are characterised by tree-lined streets and historic terrace and cottage homes. In the suburbs of Alexandria and St Peters the development form involves heritage homes and new apartments along with existing industrial warehouses, factory outlets and car yards (City of Sydney, 2012). In the northern portion of the redevelopment area, a food and arts precinct has been established on Danks Street, referred to as the Danks Street Depot' and has emerged as a new food and arts precinct.
3.4
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply
The 2012 Development Control Plan for Green Square intends for the Green Square redevelopment area to become 'an attractive, vibrant and sustainable urban place' (City of Sydney, 2012). The planning for the Green Square redevelopment area commenced in the 1990s as the local and state governments sought to create growth and economic development within an established community, to provide new facilities and improve connections between this community and the Sydney CBD. The City of Sydney sought to have social sustainability principles as a key focus for the redevelopment including the protection of heritage, delivery of good transport connections, infrastructure to current and future residents and workers.
quality community facilities,
parks and open spaces and
Through the community facility planning a 'green kids wonderland' vision emerged along with other key concepts of: •
'forward-looking,
•
learning,
•
sustainable,
• •
generous, quality,
•
welcoming and safe,
•
community strength and productive'
• (City of Sydney, 2008)
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The anticipated floorspace has been identified at 410,00sqm of floorspace within the town centre (Landcom, 2012) and (Architectus, 2012). An analysis by Architectus of potential yields for the Green Square town centre identifies: • • •
2,867 dwellings at 100sqm per dwelling; 5,447 residents (within the core3); 4,931 jobs (within the core).
The anticipated 410,000sqnn of expected GFA will be comprised of4: .• • •
106,822sqm commercial use; 16,464sqm retail use; 286,714sqm residential use.
_
.
Figures 4 to 7 outline the way in which the Green Square town centre is proposed to be redeveloped to accommodate the redevelopment expectations. Figure 4: Green Square Town Centre Structure Plan
.1
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The core area is that identified as The Green Square Town Centre' on Figure 2. GFA breakdowns for community, sport and/or recreation uses were not available.
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Figure 5: Development Precincts
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B u c k l e y V a n n T o w n P l a n n i n g Consultants, B r i g g s & M o r t a r P t y Ltd, S t r a t e g i c L e i s u r e Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAIN CSR Facility Study
Figure 6: Maximum Building Heights
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Bucke l y Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pyt Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Figure 7: Anticipated Development Form
http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.qov.au/development/cityimprovements/GreenSquare/documents/2012Remai ninqsitesofTownCentrePlanninqProposal.pdf
The vision identified through the structure plan envisages a new community, at its heart: "a stunning new public domain that creates the foundation for an abundance o f life. A civic plaza for community gatherings, markets and public events is complemented by a more intimate neighbourhood plaza for taking a break and watching the passing scene. A new park provides stimulating areas to play or simply relax in the sun. And an urban stream forms a playful watercourse that dances with light, a reminder o f the creek that once ran through this place. Planning will create streets that make for easy cycling and walking, accessible parking for business and trouble free access to transport. A focus and commitment to design excellence will also provide the right environment for inspiring architecture to flourish.5 Progressive environmental initiatives to conserve water and reduce greenhouse gas emissions will underpin all facets o f the community, ensuring the Town Centre becomes a flagship for sustainable development".
5
See: http://www.landcom.nsw.qov.au/downloads/uploaded/GS Vision broc 6602.pdf
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Overall the vision is that: "Green Square Town Centre is the ultimate destination for lifestyle and business. A place where commercial and cultural worlds converge. Residential, office and retail space will combine with entertainment and community facilities, while dynamic piazzas and parks come alive with restaurants, concerts, markets and street festivals. A place to delight, inspire and reconnect with others, it is both the designated town centre and a major new regional destination for the people of the Inner South." Socially the vision includes:6 A Portrait of Intimacy "Things will be different here. This will be a village style community. Intimate, not empty. A place of European-style piazzas buzzing with life. Bars and restaurants that spill onto the street, as well as quieter spaces. Here, space is crafted and sculpted into a series of rooms for you to discover, one by one. It's a place to stop and enjoy life's journey." A Melting Pot of Culture "...an environment that stimulates all five senses at once. The colour and movement of Chinese New Year. The sound of live jazz. The aroma of bread from an artisan bakery. It's a cultural mosaic that taps into Green Square's working class roots to create a unique sense of place. Authentic, unmistakable soul. The perfect platform for creativity and commerce to flourish." Here, People Talk To Each Other "This is a new way of living: a unique urban village built to bring people together, not drive them apart. Where public spaces encourage you to stop and simply say hello. Where people know and trust their neighbours, just as in the past, when workers in local factories shared a strong camaraderie. A values-laden community based on inclusiveness, concern for others and respect for different cultures. A collective spirit that adds joy to life. So go on... Break down the barriers. Seek a better world."
3.5
Provision of Community Sport and Recreation Facilities
3.5.1
Existing CSR Facility Provision
As a result of its history as an employment/industry area and lack of an established town centre heart, existing community facilities appear to be spread throughout the Green Square redevelopment area within the established residential areas, rather than focused in any key location.
6
As above
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The current facilities include: • • • • • • • • •
4 schools, 3 public schools and 1 private school; 2 community centres — at Beaconsfield and Roseberry; 1 library and customer service centre — Green Square;
1 community hall — Green Square; 1 child care centre — Roseberry; various community facilities supporting services such as Meals on Wheels, Youth Services etc; several local parks; tennis and basketball facilities (at Separate lotations); current provision of open space across the city of Sydney LGA is estimated at 2.36ha per 1000 people which is below the standard benchmark of 2.43ha of open space per 1000 people (City of Sydney, 2008, p. 31). The Green Square area is included in three Planning Districts within the LGA which have varying rates of open space provision based on Council-owned space: Inner South 0.69ha per 1000 people, South East 0.86ha per 1000 people, and South West 7.8ha per 1000 people (high ratio due to low residential population
•
in a predominantly employment area) (City of Sydney, 2008, p.31); Sydney Park which contains 44 hectares of parkland in St Peters and includes a sports oval and playground. It is located approximately 1,200m from the Green Square Town Centre and approximately 500m from the edge of the Green Square Development Area. The site was converted from former industrial usage into the city's largest park in 1991 (City of Sydney, 2010);
•
Moore Park is located directly adjacent to the north east corner of the Green Square Development Area and approximately 1km from the Town Centre. The site was dedicated in 1866 for recreation purposes by Sydney City Council. It comprises of 115 hectares of parkland providing a range of leisure opportunities including an 18-hole golf course, tennis courts and netball courts, athletics track, equestrian facilities as well as the Sydney Football Stadium and Sydney Cricket Ground. Moore Park also connects with the 189 hectare Centennial Park comprising gardens, ponds, grand avenues, status, historic buildings and sporting fields.
Figure 8 shows the location and spread of the existing community facilities within the Green Square redevelopment area.
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Figure 8: Current Facility Provision
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3.5.2
Proposed CSR Facility Provision
A comprehensive community facility needs assessment was undertaken in 2002 to establish community facility requirements for the projected Green Square resident and workforce populations. Based on a report prepared by Michael Harrison, Director City Strategy and Design for the City of Sydney 'Cultural and Community Services Committee' on 5 May 2008, the identified 'needs' as at 2002 included: • • • •
a ' library, cultural and community centre (including space for older people); a multipurpose recreation and community centre; a child care centre (capable of providing long day care for approximately 65 children); and; a local neighbourhood centre'.
'Community Centre' The Green Square Town Centre Community Facilities Planning Report undertaken by Environmetrics in 2008 'confirmed the following community facilities components, with an approximate gross floor area o f 6,000m2' for the community centre with preliminary costs at $35 million to include: • •
a library component of 2,190sqm; arts and cultural space of 1,418sqm, including: o community gallery; o performance space (theatrette); O art workshops;
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•
•
general community spaces of 1,250sqm, including: community hall and meeting spaces; O older peoples' space (for healthy ageing programs and a frail aged day centre); o community office/service delivery space; o o one stop shop counter; coffee shop and complimentary retail (income generating component).
Principles underpinning the location and design of the library, cultural and community centre include:
•
consultation and -collaboration; identity and presence;
•
equity and diversity;
•
access; safety;
•
• •
flexibility and innovation;
•
amenity and compatibility;
•
integration.
The provision of the library and cultural centre is 'considered integral to the renewal of the Green Square area' and its recommended location was within the town centre plaza (western end) to 'provide a focus and identity for the Green Square town centre and a catalyst for its development' and for the centre to 'operate as a vehicle for cultural tourism and economic development'. Funding is anticipated to be via a combination of developer contributions (approximately $3 million), general funds, and possibly State and Federal government grant funding (such as through the NSW Department of Ageing Disability and Home Care). It is understood that the City of Sydney has allocated $25 million for the library works, and a further $15 million for the public domain and plaza works for the Green Square Town Centre. The design of the community centre has been through a competition approach. A significant number of entries have been received and are in the process of being judged by a panel. This approach engenders creativity and community ownership. The location of the future library and cultural centre is shown in the aerial image below (Figure 9):
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Figure 9: Location of future Library and Cultural Facility
Examples of two of the (five) final designs being judged in the competition are shown below:
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Community facilities within the Former South Sydney Hospital Site Four heritage buildings retained as part of the former South Sydney Hospital site (on Joynton Avenue) will be restored and used as a community hall, theatrette, artists' studios, exhibition spaces, a "community shed" and meeting rooms. The City has allocated a budget of $12 million in its Corporate Plan and Long Term Financial Plan to provide these'. These are shown on Figure 10. • The former South Sydney Hospital site is to include public open space in the new Matron Ruby
Grant Park. The park is identified as essential infrastructure under the Infrastructure Strategy (referred to as Hospital/Heritage Park) and will be funded through the essential infrastructure contributions, including that required by the un-deferral of the site.
7
See http://www.cityofsvdnev.nsw.goy.au/Council/documents/meetinqs/2011/Committee/Planninq/281111/111128 PDTCTEM04.odf (meeting report for Planning Policy Sub committee 28 Nov 2011 and http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/demolition-marks-the-start-of-cireen-square-redeyelopment-201110311msc5.html#ixzz28xuMB7D3
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Figure 10: Reuse of Heritage Buildings on South Sydney Hospital Site
COMMUNITY BUILDINGS SOUTH SYDNEY HOSPITAL SITE DEVELOPMENT .ITE
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•
Other Community Facilities Identified Community facilities as part of the broader Green Square redevelopment area include: •
•
a $2.4 million refurbishment of the Waterloo Oval Youth Facility, now modernised and including a 'green roof', next to the 'Fernside' Waterloo Skate Park, Sydney's first skate park to copy an urban streetscape; and the iconic Tote building in Zetland providing a temporary library and neighbourhood service centre.
Sport and Recreation Facilities City o f Sydney Green Square Urban Renewal Area Background Paper outlines the identified
requirements for provision of open space for Green Square based on the controls of the Green Square Development Control Plan (DCP) and the provisions of the Section 94 Plan.
Green Square is contained within the Section 94 Plan's 'Southern Precinct' for which the plan designates 143,004sqm of open space for the whole precinct, to be provided by 2021. Nine 'open space catchment areas' are identified within Green Square in the Open Space and Recreation Needs Study 2007, under which a quantity of open space is designated, including a minimum size for the main park within each catchment area. 73,000sqm of open space is required across these catchment areas, as well as 24,340sqm in the Town Centre to be provided in two civic plazas and two local parks. Although some areas do not currently comply, Green Square DCP and Section 94 Plan seek to ensure the standard of 500m distance to open
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space is rectified in areas within Green Square that it are not compliant with this standard. Further, the Section 94 Plan highlighted a need to achieve funding to upgrade 'Beaconsfield Park' and 'Waterloo Oval and Skate Park' to meet new needs within Green Square. (City of Sydney, 2008; Stratcorp and Clouston, 2007) Redevelopment of two major sites within Green Square, Victoria Park and Crown Square, has provided new parks and detention basins. Provision of additional public open space and stormwater detention basins is to be achieved at new development sites throughout Green Square. . public . Green Square design connects spaces to each other in an "accessible, safe and convenient manner", including: • • • •
Transport Place; Green Square Plaza; Neilson Square; The Drying Green.
The Drying Green is a proposed central 5,500sqm (minimum) public open space charactised by soft landscaping and deep soil planting, seating areas, public amenities, BBQs, shade structures, playground and integrated play elements and will also double as a stormwater retention basin. A sunlight measure of 50% of the park receiving direct sunlight between 11am and 2pm is identified. Neilson Square is a 1,559sqm (minimum) neighbourhood plaza intended to act as an entry to the Town Centre core which is proposed to be fronted by retail and cafe/restaurant uses, support small public gatherings, enable small temporary markets incorporate integrated play , elements, and have landscaping providing shade. A measure of sunlight is sought that sees 50% of a 4m wide strip along the southern edge receive sunlight between 12 midday and 2pm. Green Square Plaza is proposed to be a minimum 6,257sqm public open space which acts as a principal gathering space for the Town Centre. Green Square Plaza is intended to include a range of outdoor spaces, integrated play elements, be fronted by retail and café/ restaurant uses and support community events and large temporary markets. A sunlight measure of 'consolidated areas of direct sunlight between 12 midday and 2pm on 21 June' is sought. Matron Ruby Grant Park is proposed to be a small park (750sqm) providing local passive recreation opportunities. Matron Ruby Grant Park will include deep soil planting providing shade, seating, skateable elements and will enable small scale events. The 2007 Open Space and Recreation Needs Study for City of Sydney highlighted the need for a 'recreation precinct' in Green Square which provides for a range of structured and unstructured recreation opportunities and incorporates an integrated aquatic (with hydroptherapy pool/ program pool), indoor multipurpose space and health and fitness facility, and outdoor family recreation areas (playground, skate and BBQ/picnic areas) and sports field(s), as well as a possible youth centre. In addition, the study recommends investigation of
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the feasibility of developing a key open space connection from Sydney Park to Alexandria and Green Square. (City of Sydney, 2008; Stratcorp and Clouston, 2007). Both Moore Park and Sydney Park are located in close proximity to the Green Square Development Area, providing accessibility by walking or cycling. It is estimated it would take approximately 15 minutes to walk from Green Square Town Centre to Sydney Park and approximately 10 minutes to walk from the Town Centre to Moore Park, acceptable distances for these park types (Stratcorp and Clouston, 2007, p. 23). Public transport to these parks from Green Square Development Area is limited however a bus route connects the Town Centre to Sydney Park. . . Figure 11: Existing and proposed open space in Green Square (City of Sydney, 2008, p.27)
Map A. .Green . . . I . G . 1 1 .Square 6 7 9 U.1 Open Space
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1„..ti Open Space Catchment areas I M I Existing 'M 6 C Z ] Proposed Refer to South Sydney OOP 1997-Pee i t Green Square Town Centm • - ,,,„ Landscape setbacks = I Green Square Boundary o en 103203 33o ‘oo ICIIIIMICII■Meter - - - Canal Open Space Link
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3.6
Key Learnings from Green Square Town Centre
Although much of the development of community facilities has not yet occurred in Green Square, there are several findings that could potentially be applied to the redevelopment of 3.4 Town Centre. Table 3 summarises the key elements and learnings from the case study for the provision of CSR facilities in a redeveloping town centre. Table 3: Key Elements and Learnings Area Of ‘denSidraticm General provision of
Greebo`tquare_Tbwri Centre •
facilities
•
berience.-
The aim has been to provide centrally-located and consolidated multi-purpose facilities to provide better levels of service to more community members — urban renewal is seen as an opportunity to
create this; The proposed location of the library and cultural centres in the central plaza of the town centre were 'considered integral to the renewal of the Green Square area' to 'provide a focus and identity for the Green Square town centre and a catalyst for its development' and for the centre to 'operate as a vehicle for cultural tourism and economic development';
•
There has been a focus on providing facilities that are 'main street', highly useable and accessible, flexible and adaptable to changing community needs over time.
Innovations in Provision of CSR
•
The town centre itself has been seen as a place where people can interact either during the day or at night for entertainment, cultural and community activities;
•
High quality public spaces, including civic plazas totaling 4,200sqm, a centrally located park and new community, sport and recreation
•
facilities, have been considered integral in establishing a new community hub for this emerging urban place; Public plazas were designed to create interaction, including:
•
a new public park featuring a landscaped lawn and a children's play room; and public art that creates a dialogue with the area's past; o Social sustainability principles identified as a key focus for the o
redevelopment have included the protection of heritage, delivery of quality community, sport and recreation facilities, good transport connections, parks and open spaces and infrastructure to current •
and future residents and workers; A planning and development approach focused on engaging the local community members and encouraging civic participation has
8
Original Council reporting and needs assessment identified the need for a 'community centre' to include various components. This is now referred to as the library/cultural centre.
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--,7Are;o1
reentS' cliia re pTow,riCentre EXperience
Consideration
•
•
•
•
•
Staging/Delivery
•
•
•
Political and Governance Arrangements
•
•
•
Page 26
been supported — example of this is in the 'competition for design of a the library and cultural centre; Extensive consultation with services and local communities has been• seen as a more effective way of determining the requirements for facilities rather than relying primarily on benchmarks and standards; Re-use of four heritage buildings as part of the former South Sydney _Hospital site has provided an opportunity to accommodate a range of community uses and community managed spaces which has linkages to other key facilities and directly into the town centre. a Combining open space and retention basins maximizes space but introduces some risk in provision. Design to ensure functional recreation use is possible the majority of time and that recovery from rain events is rapid and low cost is essential. Providing a range of open spaces of varying scales, themes and• serving varying purposes creates diverse opportunities for recreation , and adds to the sense residents have of a richness in provision. To some extent the use of diverse themes, design styles and treatments " compensates for a lower quantum of space. Proximal location to major community sport and recreation facilities (Sydney Park & Moore Park) outside of the Town Centre supports the sport and recreation requirements of those that live and work in Green Square. Without these significant precincts, provision for community sport and active recreation would be regarded as poor in this development. Social infrastructure was considered early on in the planning for the redevelopment area to ensure a strategic focus and to encourage human service agencies to plan ahead; There has been a focus on the timely provision of social infrastructure (though no information is available to determine if this was successful or not, and indications are that the process has been seen by Council to be a long and arduous one); There has been a focus on utilising existing spaces, such as the Zetland Tote building, to provide temporary community services (prior to the establishment of the larger purpose-built community centre). Overall the project has had strong local government commitment and a whole of government approach has been facilitated by the City of Sydney; Cross-agency collaboration (and a multi-agency approach) in planning and delivery of community, sport and recreation facilities has been considered essential; A Social Infrastructure Working Group was established in 2009
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WA11/1 CSR Facility Study
rea'of
Green Square Town;;Centie,Experience
•Consicleration•
1■1•M2
through the Department of Premier and Cabinet, to specifically work on the strategic provision of social infrastructure including opportunities for partnerships and co-located services. The Group included: o
City of Sydney;
o o o
NSW Department of Education; NSW Health; . NSW Ageing, Disability and Home Care;
o
NSW Police;
.
„
NSW Department of Planning; Federal Department of Health and Ageing; o The City of Sydney employed a social planner to provide specific social planning advice and input on all of the City's urban renewal o
•
•
projects including Green Square; A significant amount of land in the Green Square Town Centre is within public ownership and in large landholdings which makes the• coordination of the redevelopment more straightforward than if smaller parcels in private ownership.
Financial
•
•
Current funding practices as facilitated by NSW legislation allow local government to utilise rates, usage charges, developer contributions, grants and State infrastructure contributions for CSR; It is understood that community, sport and recreation facilities will be funded through a combination of these mechanisms.
Management
•
•
• Implications for patterns of demand on CSR facilities /land in the area
•
• •
Page 27
State-owneoverall d The project is managed through Landcom, a NSW corporation to deliver the major projects as part of the Green Square redevelopment; Public programming in the plaza is recommended to be actively managed with the involvement of local community groups from the outset; The design of facilities for efficient staffing is recommended. Urban intensification within a town centre requires a centrally-located multi-purpose community facility, typically including a library and other cultural elemetns Such a facility is best supported by public plazas and park spaces to provide gathering spaces Typically these facilities should be provided `up-front' however temporary measures can be used whilst larger/more complex style developments are designed and constructed.
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References Architectus. 2012. Green Square Redevelopment Area Built Form Review— Final Report, Architectus: Sydney. Casey, S. (2005) Establishing Standards for Social Infrastructure, The University of Queensland: Brisbane. Centennial Parklands, NSW Government. 2012. Centennial Parklands— Centennial Park and Moore Park. Accessed October 12 2012. http://www.centennialparklands.com.au/our places/moore park City of Charles Sturt et al. 2011. Case Studies — Social Infrastructure in Urban Growth Areas, prepared for the City of Charles Sturt: Adelaide. City of Charles Sturt et al. 2011. Service Planning Model — Planning for Social Infrastructure and Community Services for Urban Growth Areas, prepared for the City of Charles Sturt: Adelaide. City of Sydney. 2008. Green Square — Urban Renewal Background Paper— Final Report, City of Sydney: Sydney. City of Sydney. 2008. City of Sydney Green Square Urban Renewal Area Background Paper Final Report, City of Sydney, Sydney. City of Sydney — Cultural and Community Services Committee. 2008. Green Square Town Centre Community Facilities Library, Cultural and Community Centre, City of Sydney: Sydney.
—
City of Sydney. 2010. Sydney Park, Alexandria. Accessed October 11, 2012. http://www.citvofsydnev.nsw.gov.au/aboutsvdnev/historvandarchives/SvdnevHistorv/ParksHi storv/SvdnevPark.asp City of Sydney. 2011. Public Exhibition of Planning Proposal— Green Square Town Centre, City of Sydney: Sydney. City of Sydney. 2012. Green Square Town Centre DCP 2012, City of Sydney: Sydney. City of Sydney. 2012. Planning Proposal — Sydney Local Environmental Plan 2010— Green of Sydney, Sydney. City Square Town Centre, City of Sydney. 2012. Green Square and City South — Sydney 2030. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.svdnev2030.com.au/in-vour-villaqe/green-square-villaqe City of Sydney. 2012. Green Square Development. Accessed October 5, 2012, http://www.cityofsvdnev.nsw.gov.au/Development/Citylmprovements/GreenSquare/Default.a s_g Department of Infrastructure and Planning. 2010. Transit oriented development: guide to community diversity case studies. The State of Queensland: Brisbane. Forecast.id. 2012. Community Profile — Green Square, City of Sydney. Accessed September 27, 2012. http://profile.id.com.au/svdnev/about?WebID=340
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Id.consulting. 2010 City of Sydney Population and Household Forecasts — Green Square — report (forecasts based on 2006 data). Accessed September 27, 2012. http://forecast2.id.conn.au/templates/forecast2/Clients/148Sydn/PDF/10.pdf Kelly, J. 2012. Social Cities. Grattan Institute: Carlton. Landcom. Undated. Green Square Town Centre Sydney, a unique urban village that's built to bring people together (undated). Available at http://www.landcom.nsw.pov.au/downloads/uploaded/GS Vision broc 6602.pdf. Accessed 15 10 12 Moore, M. 2011. Demolition marks the start o f Green Square redevelopment — The Sydney Morning Herald, 1 November 2011. NSW Government Planning and Infrastructure. 2012. Metropolitan Plan for Sydney 2036. Accessed on October 11,2012, http://metroplansvdnev.nsw.pov.au/Subrepions/SvdnevCitySubrepion.aspx Stratcorp and Clouston. 2007. Open Space and Recreation Needs Study City of Sydney: Volume 1 - The Strategy Amended Draft March 2007. City of Sydney: Sydney.
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4.0 False Creek North Case Study Why it was selected? An area o f redevelopment f o r high density living with affordable housing specifically 4 targeted, although a brown field site rather than an existing town centre per se Reasonably similar locational characteristics (i.e. close to a major city) though a • different population structure Significant
•
of
amount
development
occurred
and
post-evaluation
research'
conducted which will allow an understanding o f the implications o f making certain decisions/taking certain approaches f o r facility provision•A family-focus may provide useful insights into a possible population target group •
4.1
Case Study Overview and Background
False Creek is a 67 hectare precinct located south of, and in close proximity to, the Vancouver
CBD (British Columbia, Canada), on the southern portion of the 'downtown peninsular'. The planned urban intensification for False Creek North (FCN) is mostly complete, and in 2007 had a resident population of 10,570 people accommodated in high rise and medium density development forms at an approximate density of 390 dwellings/hectare. A key focus of the redevelopment project was on affordable housing and creating a diverse and inclusive community. Figure 12: Location Map '. .1%;,' It -4:t; ;7:--7-17:77. - - - " , — 1 ',71, .,P-i" 4 1 i I A qy 9 q- — •-. -1, ; "fla,,:',0_, ' ./.„,...,,, '4'.11•. ----cs ' -:. .' ,• OV; • . Por!sidn' ., „ V " A t .Ar'. ,..a. e' • ',I:, -1, 4 3 : • , • , •1 p,,,;.",..„ .k ,N.S.;? "•;114•P''.;-'-41 ' 041,-' t,..a,,,,,Hir st • ' N ' IP 04'4 " • . • 1 ! , s ' . . ';;,, coto...6.1 ,'.•-•,.-• tvI n,, . i i . „ ' , Aioxisrider St .: -.., V ...,,, . " / .-,,,,, ,. -4 ' ,2+1' - , , . - - '- 7'4- i Pews,/. St-, •22. t'A c.', k" m ' '• 0)- <.;`• o ‘...., ' • " - ,., ' --• A 4p • co%.* -4 . t,,,,tm • •i, .9.„ . N , • • , ,_• , _, 4, k. • • „0-i,., zoo 4 ' C. Cadqva 4',,. • , Sr' ; ,,,,,,,..,....- ,,, . ,.4...ts,----,,,......,,:.4, :-...-.. GA IllOy.al. A . .".,0 ..* . - - 3 •.'---•-.' L • , • . . . ->•• 4 \ I t : \ - •• .-,l i b , ;,:c2;b l i k , "(7 •!4r,;•.. c"?-' ' P0,,,, ,.• A ...1:1-2.72m-p„ t —3 Peflin; °;" — cronatown 414) 'il. 4 t i .'1 . • . ' .''''''''.1 St.- 6 , ' . .) . • 1 ?_9.I ' 4; 47dig.'-.T.'S.4 ' ''••,''S,' ,. F„.`' ,` • ' 0 - i ' i 7' l'i2 .--.•' -• •1 :.9 e, . ,".' .• Aenist st a -4 .4 zit% 4. ' c . 3 .t \ .-7\'20k. „ , ; " . ' ' 9 2 '. -* ' t' --..P.4 -""...1. ' . r - X• ; • -s, , I • ; 4 ;,,,,,,,,•-1,.., 11 a I ca ''-i>,,..-.:''"•% Ocy.i: o l p v,..,.;•=`,,,,_ ',s, 'lls/V* .r.k'tP-'.,4•,..,tt , V., ' S t . S t Lralgri ur:44 --tic!: "4-.„ t.-ri. ".g,-'•`/ t'13Cia ,! -, - ' k•-, 1E, a .7 4 :,,, (4-,. I ; 1 7 - - - ..... •-,". 4 v , -', > _ ,.„, 4' i -' • -•' 4 ' .1-!--”4............ L. At'• VaiPtOsMO . . t'. k I Z ' , ,, •I ' , : • • '''"'• . .1' ' . '• •' '. 2,,•' . -., 4, ailii 4c20, 1 •01-, .'•'''t_ij crAc' jlvis ;VI, % ,. . 4 , - r _.,. cc,
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4.2
Population and Workforce
4.2.1
Resident Population
The population figures based on the time of the post-occupancy evaluations are most relevant to this case study analysis. In 2007, False Creek North had a population of 10,570 people located within 5,450 households. The majority of households are accommodated in apartments within buildings of 5 or more storeys and 40% of households are rentals (Hofer, 2008). Based on the 2006 census data results, it is understood that: • • • •
. median age of residents at False Creek North was 38 years which is consistent with the overall Vancouver area; 13% of the population was under 19 years of age;
although only 8% were 10 years and younger, it is noted that False Creek North had a much higher proportion of children aged 4 years or younger than the remaining Vancouver area; close to 1/3 of residents, approximately 30%, were aged between 20 and 34 years;
• only 4% of the False Creek North residents were aged 70 or older. (Beasley et al, 2008) (Hofer, 2008) False Creek North also accommodated (and still accommodates) people from a range of cultural and linguistic groups and a variety of household incomes. The ethnic origins of residents as per the 2006 census included English, East/South-east Asian (primarily Chinese), European and Canadian with only 50% of residents speaking English as a first language (Hofer, 2008). The post occupancy evaluation provides useful information on the length of living in False Creek North. One-third of respondents to the survey had been at the same address for one to three years and slightly fewer for more than five years. About 20 percent have lived at their current dwelling for 3-5 years, while 17 percent indicated that they moved less than one year ago (Hofer, 2008). Further, about one-third of residents planned to stay in the area for 5 years; those who were 39 and younger were the most likely to move within 5 years. Families with children under the age of 12 were much more likely to move earlier than those without children; fewer than 27 percent of families with children intend to stay at their current address for more than 5 years, compared for 48 percent of those without young children. The overwhelming reason was the need for more space/lack of affordability of False Creek North. False Creek North is also projected to support a significant component of mixed use — office and street level/pedestrian-oriented retail and service uses. The redevelopment has been recognised for bringing families into the downtown core and for
particularly
bringing people closer to their place of work, which has greatly reduced their commuting times and need for a private vehicle. 4.2.2
Employment and Workforce
No information could be sourced on the current or projected workforce of False Creek North.
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4.3
Past and Present Development and Density
The False Creek North site was originally used by Canadian Pacific Rail until 1969 for the purposes of a terminal and railyards. In 1978 the land was sold to the British Columbia province and was used for the 1986 World Expo. The site was then on-sold to a developer and a company, Concord Pacific, prepared development plans through a collaborative planning process for the redevelopment of False Creek North as an area of high density living. As envisaged by the Official Development Plan for False Creek North in 1990, the master plan 'called for a comprehensive, mixed use, high-density development planned as a series of neighbourhoods along the north side of False Creek, each situated on a bay and separated by a large public park.. and integration of the development into the existing downtown street grid' (Hofer, 2008) (City of Vancouver, 1990). False Creek North has since been subject to a significant urban intensification and redevelopment project such that it has become one of the largest urban redevelopment projects in North America and has been recognised for bringing families into the downtown core and for bringing people closer to their place of work. False Creek North now contains a very dense residential population housed within a mix of high-rise and medium density style residential development, with some mixed use elements and other commercial/retail development. In 2006, the population density for FCN was approximately 18,857 people per sq kilometre and it is reported that it has most certainly increased since then9. False Creek North is almost 25 times denser than the rest of the Vancouver Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) which has a population density of only 736 persons per sq km. It is also a rapidly growing neighbourhood, compared to the rest of the City of Vancouver19. With a 2006 population of 10 570, False Creek North experienced a population growth rate of 47% between 2001 and 2006. This is also notably higher than the 6.5% average growth rate for Vancouver CMA and the 5.3% growth rate for British Columbia and reflects the high rate of residential development in the area.
4.4
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply
4.4.1
Residential Development
Section 3.3.1 of the Official Development Plan for False Creek North states that 'it is intended that False Creek North be developed as a predominantly residential area to achieve regional and City objectives and recognize the special amenity of the area as a place to live... Up to a maximum of 10,154 dwelling units, having a total floor area up to a maximum of 946,417 square metres, are permitted'.
9
See http://111.118.165.194/â&#x20AC;&#x201D;kiss/kts/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/FCN-P0E-Compilation-Report-FINALiodf 1° As above
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The high-riseOfficial Development Plan intended for this residential density to be achieved over 46 towers between 15-32 storeys and for 15% of dwelling units to be 'affordable housing'. Based on post-occupancy research it is understood that 'a demand for housing by young professionals and families and cultural acceptance o f high-rise living has contributed to the popularity o f FCN' (Hofer, 2008). Figure 13 contain the height limitation maps for residential towers in False Creek North as per the Official Development Plan 1990 requirements. Figure 13: Maximum allowable heights in False Creek North as per City of Vancouver's Official Development Plan for False Creek North
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Figure 14 shows the extent of unit development at 2004 at approximately 6,227 units (approximately 60% of the anticipated unit development yield). Figure 14: False Creek North residential unit development as at 2004
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Roundhouse 1996 = 2002 946 units
Figure 15 shows a photograph of the residential development styles in False Creek North. Figure 15: Development styles in False Creek North as viewed from the seawall
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4.4.2
Retail and Commercial Development
The Official Development Plan for False Creek North 1990 permitted a maximum of 145,872 square metres of office and street level/pedestrian-oriented retail and service uses. The Plan stated that 'the maximum amount o f retail and service uses permitted outside of the areas designated as office is 55,948 square metres. O f this total, the maximum amount of retail uses permitted is 36,420 square metres'. The following figure (Figure 16) from the Official Development Plan for False Creek North identifies the areas for office and mixed use development and their anticipated yield. Figure 16: Office and Mixed Use development locations and densities
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It is understood however that Vancouver City Council has been asked for a large number of amendments to the False Creek North Official Development Plan. One of those amendments included a proposal from the BC Pavilion Corp. (PavCo) for the largest casino in Western Canada and two hotel towers; a new district energy utility similar to one built in the Olympic Village neighbourhood; and social-inclusion agreements that would require area businesses to hire a certain number of low-income local residents and to buy locally.11 These changes have over time created the potential for additional jobs.
11See:http://www.century21.ca/CA/BCNancouyer East/Blog/Here we grow again Maybe Four new highrises propo sed for False Creek, 11 January 2011
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4.5
Provision of Community Sport and Recreation Facilities
The Official Development Plan for False Creek North (FCN ODP) approved in 1990 involved very specific design guidelines and policies. The organising principles for False Creek North were: • integrate with the city; • build on the setting; • maintain the sense of a substantial water basin; • use streets as an organising device; • create lively places having strong imageability; • create neighbourhoods; and • plan for all age groups with a particular emphasis on children. Section 2.2.5 of the Official Development Plan for False Creek North includes a section titled 'Create Lively Places Having Strong Imageability' This section states that 'open spaces, including streets, parks, plazas, and walkways, should be planned and designed to be identifiable, memorable, and lively'. Section 2.2.7 of the Plan is titled 'Plan For All Age Groups With A Particular Emphasis on Children' and states: 'To achieve robust neighbourhoods which have flexibility to accommodate all residents and to achieve the City objective of accommodating families with children, planning and designing for the needs of children should be emphasized. The following should be considered: • ...parks, school, day care and other facilities needs; and • public settings for socializing.' Further to this the CityPlan 1995 (whole of Vancouver City) called for a 'City of Neighbourhoods' and stated that `community services such as health and recreation programs, social programs and libraries will draw on the ideas of the people who use them, making those services widely accessible and responsive to different needs. Services will be located in the neighbourhood centres where they are easy to get to.' The Official Development Plan for False Creek North made provision for a number of community facilities as part of the area's redevelopment. Table 4 shows the required facilities along with commentary about what has been provided in response to this. Table 4: Overview of CSR Facility Requirements and Provision tcla.1:90yelopmer,d$Plan REactIlty Requirement
2 x primary schools, one with a 370sqrn community space and 560sqm school and community gymnasium facility
Page 36
Existing Elsie Roy Elementary School — is considered a very good facility but not large enough to accommodate the population and it is understood there is a long waiting list. School care was considered 'a challenge' within the post occupancy evaluation results..
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O f f i c i a l Davelopritent Nap CSRFacThtyRequireriierkt
arrant Provi$Ion.of +facilities
1 x community centre of 4,180sqm GFA to include a gymnasium facility
Roundhouse Community Centre fulfils this role.
8 x childcare facilities with a combined indoor area of 3,0003,5000sqm and combined outdoor
Existing known childcare centres include: Quayside Children's Centre (24 spaces); • •
Dorothy Lam Children's Centre;
area between 2,700-4,400sqm
•
Library Square Children's Centre (close to, but not within False Creek North)-; Sea Star Children's Centre (opened in 2009 after the post-occupancy evaluation was undertaken)
•
providing 93 spaces. Significantly less provision of childcare facilities than required/anticipated by the Official Development Plan. Post-occupancy evaluation has found a significant gap in the provision of childcare facilities. In 2009 it was documented that there were 2,200 families on the waiting list for childcare spaces. multi-purpose 1 to x room accommodate after school care of 190sqnn
Understood that the Roundhouse, Elsie Roy Elementary School and the False Creek Community Centre (located on the opposite side of the Granville Bridge) all provide out of school care.
1 x branch library facility of 460sqm
Vancouver Public Library, located just north of the False Creek North development area appears to fulfill this role post-occupancy however a library has been documented in the evaluation research as a community need.
17.05 park
hectares in
of neighbourhood identified locations, 1 x
1.0 hectare per 1000 residents (25% of total site area).
waterfront park and 2 x major parks Plaza of Nations complex - a family sports and entertainment centre may be permitted in Plaza of Nations Complex
This land is commercially owned and plans to redevelop the Plaza of Nations incorporate residential, commercial, retail, office space along with a sports science centre and ice rink as well as a waterfront public space and walkway/ bike paths.
Existing
stadium
and
arena functions as a city and regional facility for major sporting and other
No change other than upgrades and improvements.
public events References: (City of Vancouver, 1990) (Hofer, 2008) (Department of Infrastructure & Planning 2010) (Vancouver Sun, 2012).
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Figure 17 identifies the location of the Roundhouse Community Centre, Elsie Roy Elementary School and Dorothy Lam Children's Centre along with the park facilities which are provided at False Creek North. There was a phasing of the provision of CSR facilities in the initial development of False Creek North, as required by the Official Development Plan, and as shown on the Figure 18. Further to the above, the following provides a more specific analysis of some of the key community and sport and recreation facilities located at False Creek North. Figure 17: Location of Key CSR Facilities in False Creek North
Figure 18: Proposed phasing of Parks and Community Facilities (Official Development Plan) 149.1g: Minor shortfalls to park requirements during development process of west end of she to be balanced with excess park developed with International Village.
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Figure #7 Phasina of Parks and Community Facilities Page 38
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4.5.1
Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre
The Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre is a multi-purpose facility of 4,580sqm in area, built at a cost of $9 million, which aims to provide a focal point for the community involving community cultural development and recreation facilities for all ages (City of Charles Sturt et al, 2011. Roundhouse Community Arts & Recreation Centre, 2012). The Roundhouse is managed jointly by the Vancouver Park Board and the Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Society (RCARS) and it is understood that this centre was intended to serve all residents of Vancouver City, not only the immediate False Creek North residents (City of Charles Sturt et af, 2011. Roundhouse Community Arts & Recreation Centre, 2012). The Roundhouse utilises heritage buildings associated with the former Canadian Pacific rail usage over the site and features a Performance Centre, Exhibition Hall, woodworking, pottery, m urposedance studios, a full size gymnasium (indoor sports court), cafĂŠ area, and various artutl-ipand spaces. It is understood from post-occupancy research that residents highly value the Roundhouse facility as a 'well loved community hub' however note that it cannot adequately meet demand (Hofer, 2008). The following figures (Figure 19) and table (Table 5) provide an overview of the layout of uses at the Roundhouse and the breakdown of gross floor area across each room/area where this has been available.
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Figure 19: Lower and Upper Floor Plans of the Roundhouse
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Table 5 sets out the approximate gross floor area of the specific facilities provided at the Roundhouse:
Table 5: Approximate gross floor area of Roundhouse and specific components Eacility;tbmpOneht
-apaci
Lower Level Uses Exhibition Hall.
300 people theatre style.
5,800sqft / 539sqm
400 people standing Performance Centre lobby
Performance Centre (used for
2,000sqft / 186sqm
5,000sqft + / 464sqm +
diverse events, from meetings and lectures to weddings,
•
100 people theatre style
•
200 people standing
•
170 people Default seating 193 people with additional front
•
row
receptions and full-scale
•
250 people Smaller stage or thrust-style seating (seats on 3
•
200 people Collapsed Seats
•
(no theatre seating) with food 250 people Collapsed seats, no
theatre, dance and music performances)
sides of stage)
food •
300 people Seats completely removed
Gymnasium (with full sized
8,280sqft / 770 sqm
•
200 people standing
464sqft / 43sqm
•
20 people meeting style
•
30 people standing or theatre style
1,500sqft / 139sqm
•
30 people standing
315sqft / 30sqm
•
15 people meeting style 20 people standing/theatre
sprung hardwood floor) Arts and Craft Room
Dance Studio (sprung hardwood floor and sound system) Room A
• Room B (concrete floor)
1,230sqft / 114sqm
• •
Room C (carpet, white board)
700sqft / 65sqm
• •
50 people meeting style 100 people standing/theatre 25 people meeting style 30 people standing/theatre style
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FacilitrCcirripOneq:
ity
Kitchen and servery (commercial scale)
540 sqft / 50sqrn
Woodworking Studio, Pottery studio, Train Pavilion
Unknown
No information available
Upper level uses
Mezzanine Mezzanine -
,
—
-
1008sqft / 94sqm 94sqm .._1008sqft '' -
-
'• :i ••
'•
!_ Music Room (piano, carpet)
380sqft / 35sqm
Multimedia Room
770sqft / 72sqm
•
20 people
•
30 people meeting style 40 people theatre/standing
, •
Board Room (window, carpet, whiteboard)
266sqft / 25sqrn
35 people meeting style .'50 peOple theatre stile 60 people standing
15 people meeting style 20 people theatre/standing
Figure 20 shows a view of the Roundhouse (taken from Turntable Plaza). Figure 20: Views of the Roundhouse facility
4.5.2
Turntable Plaza
An outdoor urban plaza, 'Turntable Plaza' was officially opened in May 2012 and is located adjacent to the Roundhouse (as shown at Figure 21).
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At a cost of $1.8 million, the project has involved the revitalisation of the existing Turntable (associated with the former use of the site by Canadian Pacific Rail) into an outdoor public plaza that can be used for visual arts/performance space with a capacity of 500-750 people. Anticipated uses include markets, outdoor theatre, concerts and festivals. It is considered that 'the plaza will be a key gathering place for residents, tourists and the arts community for years to come' (Government of Canada, 2012). Figure 21: Photograph of Turntable Plaza and False Creek North
4.5.3
False Creek Community Centre
Accessible to False Creek North residents over the Granville Street bridge (located on Granville Island with access to the waterfront), False Creek Community Centre offers unique programming opportunities and events for all ages. While this facility is not located in False Creek North itself, it serves the wider community including False Creek North. Specialty programs and services include canoeing, kayaking, tennis, performing arts, licensed preschool and out of school care, and a well-equipped fitness centre. Proximity to Vancouver's seaside bicycle route makes it a starting point for cycling excursions. The False Creek Community Centre also includes the following facilities: • childcare; • dance studio; • • •
sauna; playground (Sutcliffe Park); water park;
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• • • •
2 x tennis courts; 1 x outdoor sport court; boating programs including dragonboating and kayaking; free public WiFi.
The False Creek Community Centre is jointly operated by the Vancouver Park Board and the False Creek Community Association (FCCA). The FCCA deals with all matters of concern to the Community Centre and is responsible for arranging recreation programs to suit the needs of the False Creek Community. 4.5.4
David Lam Park
A 4.34 hectare park located on the waterfront, David Lam Park offers a mix of passive and active recreation opportunities. Key elements include: • 1 x rectangular field; • 2 x outdoor basketball courts; • 2 x tennis courts; • 1 x playground. Source: City of Vancouver (c) 4.5.5
Andy Livingstone Park
4.21 hectares in size, Andy Livingstone Park is an important active sport and recreation park for False Creek. Key features of the park include: • 2 x hockey fields; • 2 x soccer fields; • 2 x ultimate fields; • 1 x football field; • 1 x field lighting; • 1 x softball field; • 2 x tennis courts; • 3 x playgrounds; • 1 x basketball court; • 1 x skateboard park; • 1 x clubhouse; • 1 x amenities. Source: City of Vancouver (a) 4.5.6
George Wain borne Park
This 2.5 hectare park is characterised by expansive lawns and a picturesque outlook to the waterfront, providing predominantly passive recreation opportunities. Source: City of Vancouver (d) 4.5.7
Coopers' Park
1.71 hectares in size, Coopers Park is located on the waterfront and provides the following elements:
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• 1 x dog off-leash area; • 1 x playground; • 1 x basketball court; • 1 x skateboard park; Source: City of Vancouver (b) 4.5.6
BC Place Stadium
Commercial Stadium with multi-purpose playing field and retractable roof. Used for sporting events, concerts and other major events. Source: BC Place
4.6
Key Learn ings from False Creek North
Overall, post-occupancy evaluation research has identified that there is a high level of satisfaction amongst False Creek North residents with respect to their living environment and was considered to have a 'suburban feel' not typically found in the inner city based on the quality of provision of open spaces and other facilities (City of Charles Sturt et al, 2011). The overall satisfaction rating of False Creek North by respondents to the post occupancy questionnaire found that 96% would recommend living in False Creek North. Interestingly, the very specific policies directed towards accommodating families with children in the development and bringing families, as well as non-families, into the downtown core, appear to have been quite successful12. The post occupancy evaluation of False Creek North showed that it was considered to cater well to the needs and preferences of children; and the children in the study were very positive towards social interaction, learning and satisfaction with the public spaces and built environment. They enjoyed having a mix of uses in their neighbourhood so they do not need to go outside of the neighbourhood; they like places where they can play freely, play sports, shop, hang out with friends and entertain themselves. Nevertheless, residents with children were more likely to move earlier than other residents; and a lack of sufficient space and programming for youth and problems experienced by many residents, not only with their units but also with local facilities and services present challenges to residents as children get older. A summary of the post-evaluation research states that, with respect to the specific provision of CSR facilities in False Creek North: the shops, services and facilities in FCN meet the needs of some respondents, but not a majority. Just over half of respondents reported walking beyond their neighbourhood to meet day-to-day needs. Reasons for doing so varied from affordability (a consequence of the project's own success), to availability, to personal preference. The primary outstanding needs are for a greater diversity of shops and services that are affordable and reflect the range of incomes in the neighbourhood. The greatest retail need identified in the community is a mid-sized grocery store. Other retail gaps frequently cited include a bakery, a hardware store, clothing shops, a dollar store and family and child oriented stores and restaurants.
•
'2E
g. One thing for sure: high-density housing does not discourage people from raising families, so long as they're planned for'. See http://www.planetizen.com/node/33793
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More entertainment for adults is also desired, such as closer and more diverse theatres and lectures with forums for discussion in the Roundhouse; •
the Roundhouse Community Centre is a well-loved community hub of False Creek North that provides valuable services to the community, although there are considered to be too few activities catering to some age ranges at the Roundhouse, especially seniors and youth;
•
most residents are overwhelmingly satisfied with local parks. Appreciated for their size, quantity and wide-open spaces, the parks are well used and are considered one of the neighbourhood's strongest attributes. The Seawall and open parks are reasons cited for choosing False Creek North over other neighbourhoods. Residents" complimented the overall aesthetic of the neighbourhood parks focusing particular praise on the quality landscaping and the design of the parks. Many residents note that the large size of the parks allows for flexibility and diversity of activities;
•
a relatively low percentage of families reported that access to public amenities (16%) and local facilities and services (15%) presented a challenge to raising a family in False Creek North. However, (access to) "School/daycare" was perceived as a challenge by more than half (53%) of respondents with children, and received a number of negative comments;
•
as the downtown residential community continues to grow and if families do remain downtown as their children age in place, there will be a need for more schools, including high schools;
•
residents value the public art because of its symbolic value and ability to instill 'community';
•
residents are overwhelmingly satisfied with open spaces provided;
•
areas of concern for open spaces and recreation included: o a need for more age-specific play and recreation spaces for youth and a need to consider recreation facilities in future developments e.g. swimming pool, skating rink, water park; o a need for more off-leash areas for dogs; o a need for more amenities for leisure activity (e.g. weather protection, barbecues, seating); there is a correlation between the distance people live from a park in False Creek and the frequency of visits to a park, with those residents living in neighbourhoods closest to major parks (David Lam and George Wainborn Parks) reporting more regular visits to parks than those living further away;
•
there is a relationship between unit type and frequency of use of parks, with those residents living in two or three bedroom units more likely to visit a park compared to those living in one bedroom units. (Hofer, 2008) •
It is noted that despite some issues associated with the provision of community facilities and school and childcare facilities not meeting demand, residents, including children, appear to be satisfied with the proximity of community facilities and the fact that everything is accessible on foot (Hofer, 2008) (City of Charles Sturt et al, 2011). There is also reported to be a 'sense of a complete community' within False Creek North (Beasley et al, 2008), and concerns about
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community safety were not reported to be a major problem. Respondents generally felt very safe in both indoor and outdoor space in False Creek North, and only slightly less safe at nighttime. Women felt no less safe than men, and families generally did not indicate that safety was a challenge. Table 6 summarises the key elements and !earnings from False Creek North drawing on the post-occupancy findings and other key experiences as expressed in the literature:
Table 6: Key Elements and Learnings Area of Consideration General provision of
- FalseCreekNortheigjettence •
facilities
Provision of schools and childcare has emerged as a key challenge in the False Creek North situation. Given the pressure on childcare facilities currently experienced at False Creek North, a key lesson is for urban redevelopment areas to ensure the allocation of space for childcare facilities is guided with a clear sense of demand and projected growth and implemented at appropriate times to meet demand;
•
•
•
Ensure implementation of key social infrastructure such as schools are facilitated through policy and are available for the 'first' residents and progress as concentration and ageing of families increases; The provision of an active community centre has been considered a critical element for future similar developments however a recommendation would be to broaden its approach to make it more youth-friendly and/or include designated youth spaces; A greater diversity of shops and services appears to be required that are affordable and reflect the range of incomes in the neighbourhood. The greatest retail need identified in the community is a mid-sized grocery store. Other retail gaps frequently cited include child oriented stores and restaurants. More entertainment for adults is also desired;
•
Residents value public art because of its symbolic value and ability to instill 'community;
•
Parks of extensive size,
• •
• •
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quantity and wide-open spaces are considered one of the neighbourhood's strongest attributes; The plaza will be a key gathering place for residents, tourists and the arts community for years to come; The need has been identified to design more diverse public spaces that cater for the recreation and play needs of both younger and older children rather than a homogenous approach; The need to consider pets in the public domain is important for high density development; Although the ratio of 1 hectare of open space per 1000 people would be considered low elsewhere, it works well in False Creek because
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ea;(if. Consideration
,alse'Creek,North.Experience open space represents 25% of the total site area and the open space is of high quality, located desirably, and is a key feature of the development; Proximity of residences to quality parkland is likely to influence the frequency of visits and therefore, standard distances to parkland of high quality should be sought; Use of smaller parks should be used to improve connections between larger green spaces and to break up density of tall buildings.
Innovation in Provision
•
•
, • •
Whilst policies toward urban intensification and attracting families to the redevelopment area have been successful, the provision of social infrastructure has not been provided at an appropriate time to meet demand and is currently not addressing all community needs, particularly for youth (schools, childcare, youth focused activities).
Staging/Delivery
Political and Governance Arrangements
•
•
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From the outset, the City of Vancouver have set out to ensure that the community, with a significant number of families and children, can have their needs met in a high density living environment; Heritage structure (old Canadian Pacific rail building) has been utilised to create the Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre which provides a true multi-purpose and flexible use of space which is adaptable for a range of uses and experiences. Key issue with this space is that it is not just a facility for False Creek North; residents, it attracts the broader Vancouver population and therefore• experiences pressure on capacity; The Turntable Plaza with direct linkage to the Roundhouse provides a positive outdoor flexible space and a focal point for the community; Providing a true pedestrian-friendly approach to community facility provision and building a community around established facilities to encourage and support walkability has resulted in a community that can access the available community facilities, where the facilities are well-used and frequented and where there is a clear sense of place, community identity and safety.
Development company, Concord Pacific was created to develop a significant part of the redevelopment area. Concord Pacific and City of Vancouver committed to a collaborative and cooperative planning process, which also meaningfully involved the general public — community was widely consulted about their vision for the area which contributed to its 'acceptance as it was considered that False ' Creek North was being designed and developed to meet the community needs; , There is a recognised need for political drivers to articulate more
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Area of onSideratiori
;False Creek-North Experience policy guidelines for the implementation of social infrastructure and to be accountable for the implementation of facilities. strongly
Financial
•
In the case of the Turntable Plaza, the Government of Canada committed $600,000 toward the project through the Infrastructure Stimulus Fund. The City of Vancouver and Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation invested $950,000 in the project and BC Hydro invested $250,000
•
Management
The City of Vancouver heavily invested in the Roundhouse facility as a City-wide facility. Retention of the Roundhouse centre in public ownership with a joint management approach by Vancouver Park Board and the Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Society (RCARS) appears to be a successful model for management that could successfully apply in other locations.
Implications for
•
pattern of demand on CSR facilities/land in the we-larea
Where urban intensification is intended to result in increased numbers of families there will be significant levels of demand placed
•
on school and day care facilities Multi-purpose community facility with associated public plaza is used and also a necessity for meeting community needs
•
CSR
facilities
need
to
be
provided
up-front
in
the
urban
intensification process References Administration Yaletown. 2012.) Sea Star Children's Centre Ready to Open. Accessed on October 10, 2012. http://valetown.ca/sea-star-childrens-centre-ready-to-open/ BC Place. 2012. BC Place, October 12, 2012. http://www.bcplacestadium.com/ Beasley, L. Hofer, N. Lancaster, J. Sarkissian, W. Wenman,C. 2008 Living in Fa/se Creek North: From the Resident's Perspective, College of Interdisciplinary Studies — School of Community and Regional Planning Vancouver.
City of Vancouver. 2008. Official Development Plan for False Creek North, City of Vancouver: Vancouver accessed on October 10, 2012 at http://former.vancouver.ca/commsvcs/BYLAWS/odp/fcn.pdf City of Vancouver. 2012.(a) Andy Livingstone Park, Accessed on October 12, 2012 http://cfapp.vancouver.ca/parkfinder wa/index.cfm?fuseaction=FAC.ParkDetails&park id=10 City of Vancouver. 2012(b). Cooper's Park, Accessed on October 12, 2012 http://cfapp.vancouver.ca/parkfinder wa/index.cfm?fuseactiorFFAC.ParkDetails&park id=14
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City of Vancouver. 2012 (c) David Lam Park, City of Vancouver, Accessed on October 12, 2012 http://cfapp.vancouver.ca/parkfinder wa/index.cfm?fuseaction=FAC.ParkDetails&park id=16 City of Vancouver. 2012 (d). George Wainbom Park, Accessed on October 12, 2012, http://cfapp.vancouver.ca/parkfinder watindex.cfm?fuseaction=FAC.ParkDetails&park id=22 5 City of Vancouver. 2012. Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre, Accessed on http://vancouver.calloarks-recreation-culturellroundhouse-community-arts-recreation-centre.aspx October 10 2012.
-- City of Vancouver. 2012. False Creek Community Centre http://vancouvercalparks-recreation-_ culture/false-creek-communitv-centre.aspx Department of Infrastructure and Planning. 2010. Transit oriented development: guide to community design, The State of Queensland, Brisbane. Department of Infrastructure and Planning. 2010. Transit oriented development: guide to community diversityâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; case studies. The State of Queensland: Brisbane. Government of Canada. 2012. 'Partnership Brings Roundhouse Turntable Plaza Back to Life' Accessed on 11/10/12 at http://news.gc.ca/web/article-eng.do?nid=675409 Hofer, N. (Editor). 2008. Compilation Report of the Process Findings and Recommendations from the False Creek North Post-Occupancy Evaluation, School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia: Vancouver. Lancaster, J. 2006. False Creek North Post-Occupancy Evaluation: Questionnaire Analysis and Findings, The University of British Columbia: Vancouver. Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre. 2012. Accessed on October 8, 2012 at http://www.roundhouse.ca/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE user op=view page&PA GE id=60 Vancouver Sun. 2012. The Turntable: Vancouver's newest public plaza. Accessed on October 11,2012 at http://www.vancouversun.com/sports/organization/nhl%20atlantic/Turntable+Vancouver+ne west+public+plaza/6652897/story.html Vancouver Sun. 2012. 'Vancouver's Expo 86 grounds and Plaza of Nations to get a facelift', The Vancouver Sun, Accessed on October 12, 2012. http:/www.vancouversun.com/business/commercial-real-estateNancouver+Expo+grounds+Plaza+Nations+facelift/6888055/storv.html
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5.0 Pen rith City Centre Case Study Why it was selected? a An existing town centre in decline, w i t h future urban intensification goals 0 Contains a community and education facility, as well as co-location with an arts centre and local government offices Significant research although limited implementation
a
An ageing demographic
5.1
Case Study OverVievir and Backgrouhd
Penrith is a regional centre located 54 kilometres west of Sydney on the Nepean River. Figure 22 below shows the location of Penrith city in context with the Sydney CBD and other key centres. The draft Metropolitan Plan 2036 Subregional Strategies remain a key planning tool for councils. Penrith is contained in the draft North West Subregional Strategy (DP, 2007) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; covering the Hills, Blacktown, Blue Mountains, Hawkesbury and Penrith local government areas13. `Penrith Regional City' is seen as an education & employment hub for the north west subregion. Major (district') centres in the subregion are Blacktown and Castle Hill, with a further planned Major Centre at Rouse Hill, a potential Major Centre at Mt Druitt and a Specialised Centre at the Norwest Business Park. A regional city is seen as providing a full range of business, government, retail, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities. They are intended to be a focal point where large, growing regions can access good jobs, shopping, health, education, recreation and other services and not have to travel more than one hour per day. The Penrith city centre is approximately 2.5 kilometres long and 1 kilometre wide, therefore approximately 250 hectares in area with the main thoroughfare being High Street, a continuation of the Great Western Highway (formerly the main road from Parramatta and Sydney to the Blue Mountains) (DP, 2007). The main city centre is bound by the Western Railway line to the north, the Nepean River to the west and several major arterial routes to both the east and south (DP 2007). The Penrith city centre's reliance on transport links for its development is evident in its elongated, east-west pattern with activity precincts dispersed across this large area (see Figure 23). The city centre is considered to have a clear grid pattern and a commercial/retail heart in High Street.
13
htto://www.metroplansydney.nsw.gov.au/Subreciions/NorthWestSubregion.aspx
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Figure 22: Location Map http://www.metrostratecw.nsw.qov.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=oU2UDOv0parad&tabi d=78
Source: http://www.metrostratecw.nsw.qov.aulLinkClick.aspx?fileticket=oU2UDOOpaY%3d&tabid=78
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Figure 23: Aerial image of the Penrith city centre
http://www.mca.com.au/artists-and-works/external-proiects/c3west/campement-urbain-future-penrith-penrith-futurel Source:
The relationship of the Penrith city centre to key precincts including the Nepean Hospital, University of Western Sydney, mixed business and industry areas and the Riverlink (recreational) precinct are shown on Figure 24. The Penrith City Centre is serviced by a number of public and active transport options. The Western Rail Line provides rail access to and from central Sydney, a high frequency service available during peak periods (PCC 2006). Private bus operators also provide services in the form of local trips and a feeder service for the rail network. The pedestrian network is reasonably well defined, although pedestrian and vehicular conflict is common at the bus and rail interchange. Cycle paths are limited and perform a minor role in the transport network. Penrith has experienced increasing employment and facility investment in retail, business, cultural, education and health. The city centre is projected to experience growth of 10,000 new residents and 10,000 new workers by 2031 (DP, 2007).
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Figure 24: Penrith City Centre Precincts (DP 2007, p.45) Penrith Lakes
Recreational Precinct
Penrith City Centre
Mulgoa Road Enterprise Corridor
North Penrith Business Development and Mixed Use
Nepean Hospital
University of Western Sydney
At the time of its preparation in 2007, the Penrith City Centre Plan Vision document identified Penrith as being a regional city in need of redevelopment due to: • • • • • •
its status as the largest centre in outer and north western Sydney; its large and growing regional catchment area; its location in relation to natural assets including the Nepean River and Blue Mountains; high forecast employment growth; its potential to attract further additional economic, cultural and social activity because of existing and new assets in and around the centre; and its focus for rail and other transport links (DP, 2007).
5.2
Population and Workforce
5.2.1
Resident Population
The population of the entire Penrith Local Government Area (LGA) doubled from 58,000 to 109,000 people between 1971 and 1981 and the LGA experienced consistent growth through to 2000 as urban areas became more established. Growth rates significantly reduced between 2001 and 2006, with the population remaining fairly steady at approximately 171,000 people during this time. Based on recently released 2011 census data it is understood the current population for the Penrith LGA is 184,681 residents.
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Overall trends for the Penrith LGA suggest that residents aged over 50 will continue to increase and more families may move to the region, thereby increasing the proportion of children and those aged under 24 (profile. id, 2012). Recent population analysis undertaken by 'profile.id' for the Penrith Local Government Area (LGA) identifies specific catchments and one referred to as `Penrith' comprises an area of 1,248 hectares which contains the CBD along with immediately surrounding areas as shown on the Figure 25 below. Figure 25: Penrith Community Profile Catchment
J fcia'n /pring
Greyouhlsi
.',Oval
01,• 9
Neeari p Rugby. Par*
Penrith Sewage,,
•
ea rth' k.6e rf 0,- derj5_
Approximate location of the Penrith CBD
Cambridge Perk
P 7
itier$ World 7 t Entertainment;
t • .giound §how , . 1110 1 6 6 World
ii7syougion
The current (2011) population for the Penrith catchment has been estimated at 11,803 residents within 5,690 dwellings. The age structure when compared with the overall Penrith LGA indicates that the Penrith city centre (and associated inner-city residential areas) have lower numbers of children (0-17 years), similar levels of 18-24 year olds, more 25-34 year olds and more residents aged 60+ than located within the rest of the Penrith LGA. In the Penrith CBD and immediate surrounds, the most common household type was lone person households which comprised 37% of household types. Only 19% of households were made up of couples with children compared with 39% in the Penrith LGA. There was a similar proportion of one-parent families to the LGA and a slightly lower proportion of couples without children than the LGA.
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In 2011, approximately 20% of the Penrith CBD catchment population was born overseas which is consistent with the overall LGA. This figure is also consistent with the 2006 figures. Approximately 13% of residents are from non-English speaking backgrounds. 5.2.2
Employment and Workforce
The North West Subregion14 has relatively large numbers of people employed in manufacturing, retail and wholesaling. When compared with Sydney as a whole, the North West also has a concentration in agriculture and forestry related industries, general construction and trade services. Additionally, defence, education and community services emerge as relatively strong industries in the subregion: • Between 1996 and 2001, the North West experienced an increase in employment in all industry sectors with an overall increase of around 16 per cent. Increases were recorded for higher skilled occupations, such as managers and administrators, and professionals. A gain was also experienced in -clerical and service workers and trade and labourers. While there are reasonably strong gains in all occupations, the relative shift to higher skilled occupations is not as apparent in this subregion as in the Greater Metropolitan Region as a whole. The subregion has a higher overall 'blue collar' component compared with Sydney as a whole. There is a relatively high level of employment self—containment (the number of people living and working in the same subregion) in the North West compared to other subregions. Notwithstanding, between 1996 and 2001, employment grew faster than the population, highlighting the changing balance and increased self—containment for the subregion. Approximately 19,000 jobs were identified as existing in the Penrith city centre in 2001. Based on 2006 census figures (2011), it is identified that 44,187 (52.9%) of Penrith LGA's working residents travel outside of the area to work. Although exact figures for the Penrith CBD are not provided, it is understood that close to 14,000 people worked in the Penrith CBD and immediate surrounding area in 2006 (forecast.id, 2012).
5.3 Past and Present Development and Density Commercial and Retail Development As of 2006, retail floor space in the Penrith LGA occupied 156,000m2, comprised five indoor retail centres (mainly department stores and supermarkets) and a major retail shopping strip located along the main thoroughfare. There are two major shopping complexes located within the CBD — Westfield Penrith with a gross lettable area of over 90,000 square metres and Centro Nepean with 20,861 square metres, along with a number of arcades (in the order of 17) and street-based retail along High Street and part of Henry Street of approximately 50,000 square metres. Dedicated retail floor space in the Penrith LGA is expected to increase by 100,000 square metres from 2006-2016, with the majority of this growth expected in the city centre (DP 2007).
" T h e North West sub-region includes the Penrith LGA along with a broader area.
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The Penrith City Centre is the seventh largest commercial centre in Greater Sydney (DP 2007). The City Centre contains the bulk of commercial office space within the Penrith LGA, a total of 111,000 square metres floor space. The ratio of commercial to retail space in 2006 was 2:3, which is considered to be quite high for a centre (DP 2007), This is mainly a result of the isolated nature of Penrith, the critical population mass it services and the fostering of Government roles within the employment sector. The majority of commercial offices are located in low rise office buildings or low rise retail and office buildings. 5.3.1
Residential Development
The majority of housing stObk in the overall Penrith LGA in 2011 was comprised.of one and two storey separate detached dwellings, representing 80% of all dwellings (DP 2007; PCC 2006). The Community Profile for the Penrith CBD and immediate surrounds indicates that in 2011 there were a total of 5,661 private dwellings which included 1,004 high density dwellings and 1,930 medium density dwellings. This reflects an increase of 328 high density dwellings since 2006 yet a decrease in medium density dwellings (loss of 170 units) which is likely due to urban intensification occurring within the centre. Of particular note the Penrith City Centre Vision document states that 'the Penrith city centre has very few dwellings and a range of under-developed sites where there is potential for mixed use and residential development. At 50 dwellings per hectare it is estimated that these areas when developed will yield around 5,300 dwellings and around 10,000 people'. It is interesting that the Sydney North West Subregional Strategy (DP, 2007) states that over recent years, financial returns on residential development have generally outstripped those for office development in many parts of Sydney, and there is often significant pressure for conversion of existing commercial sites for residential development. The strategy notes that this can lead to office space being marginalised to outâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;ofâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;centre locations such as industrial areas which are less accessible by public transport, leading to a dispersal of employment. It is considered important in the strategy for sufficient commercial floor space potential to exist within Strategic Centres to ensure that they remain a trip destination and a place of employment, rather than simply a cluster of high density residential development.
5.4
Range and Nature of Urban Intensification and Impact on CSR Facility Use and Supply
5.4.1
Overall Strategy
In February 2006, the New South Wales (NSW) Premier announced plans to establish a network of six key regional cities throughout the state, to drive economic growth, and Penrith was one of those selected. Regional cities are considered those that 'act as a focal point for regional transport and jobs that also have a full range of business, government, retail, cultural, entertainment and regional activities`(DP 2007). This was particularly driven by the population of Penrith LGA being projected to increase from 180,000 people in 2006 to 230,000 by 2031.
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The draft Subregional Strategy sets a capacity target to allow jobs in the centre to increase from approximately 19,000 (2001) to 30,000 by 2031. Penrith will also be a major focus for new housing. The Regional City designation is not only aimed at attracting more jobs and housing to the city centre. It will be planned so that development can occur for a full range of activities which attract people, including retail, government, educational, health, cultural, entertainment and recreational functions. In 2007 the NSW Government established a Cities Taskforce to work with relevant councils to plan for growth in the Regional Cities, including Penrith. The Cities Taskforce prepared i draft Penrith City Centre Plan15. Under the plan the Penrith Regional City was identified as having significant potential for further development as it matures as a vibrant, liveable and cosmopolitan city in its own right. The Cities Taskforce then worked with Penrith Council to prepare the Penrith City Centre Plan comprising a suite of four documents. The City Centre Vision document describes a vision for the city centre, provides information on the history and development context, and includes an action plan to facilitate the city centre's growth. It sets a strategic framework for Penrith. A subsequent Local Environmental Plan (LEP) is the statutory planning framework for the centre and sets the main provisions for development. The key features of the draft LEP are: • •
increases in allowable development to provide for anticipated job and housing growth (increased 'Floor Space Ratios' and building heights); and development incentive provisions to encourage office development and high quality design, with all buildings above six storeys and development in special precincts to be subject to architectural competitions.
A Development Control Plan (DCP) outlines the more detailed planning provisions for the built form such as pedestrian amenity, access and environmental management for future development in the city centre. Key features of the DCP are: • • • •
creation of attractive and well formed public domain and city centre scale; protection of views to the mountains; enhancement of the pedestrian environment and improvement of the city centre's pedestrian access by provision of new midblock connections; and provisions which guarantee solar access to key public spaces.
A Civic Improvement Plan will help ensure that a high quality public realm will be created. Beyond the economic benefits, revitalisation of the centre is anticipated to bring social and environmental benefits. It is considered important for the future design and development of the central area to capitalise on Penrith's sense of place and natural setting. The Civic Improvement Plan establishes the importance of the public domain in terms of design principles for paving, parks, signage, lighting and the improvement of key public places. The document also lists the
15
See: htto://www.metrostrategv.nsw.gov.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=oU2UDOv0paY%3d&tabid=78
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projects that Council would like to undertake based on funds levied from individual developments. 5.4.2
City Centre
The Penrith City Centre Urban Design Study was undertaken in 2006 and found that: The Penrith City Centre is spread across a large geographical area. There is no sense of a ' centre' but a collection of many centres. The purpose of the study was to identify and define the city centre, focusing on improvements to the public domain; location of additional building height within the town centre; and outlining a clear definition for the city centre'. Figure 26 shows the findings of this study, and with respect to CSR facility provision are highlighted by: • • •
creation of the Allen Place inner city park and plaza; creation of additional plaza/squares including those at the railway station and legal precinct; a proposed Masterplan for the former Council chambers (which is currently used for existing community facilities).
Figure 26: Penrith City Centre Urban Design Study — 2006 Develop mosterplan for the former Council Chambers site Create a new square at Penrith Station.
Consider (wore of TAFE site
Create a improve pedestrian C o n d o r creating Sopa R a e ( ) I o n Placo into a iligh quality public o:ieri SVOces Creett,‘ art urban square in the Legal Precinct
Ii
•
Reinforce and Maintain existing structure of lanes
,
•
Cons:eor a and swap with Judges Park and Cunt-sail's land to create a new park Reinforce gateway to city centre with higher built form
New urban squares
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'Pedestrian liriKs
m
e New green
parKS
E
M
I
!rt.tinw higher built form in these locations to (Jaime Penrith City Centre creole a sense nt enclosure.
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There have been a number of Council and Government owned sites close to the city centre and the railway station which have been identified as offering significant redevelopment potential. The 50 hectare North Penrith defence site, adjacent to the rail station, is pre—eminent amongst these potential redevelopment sites. Its future use and development will be carefully planned to attract new forms of development to the city centre, while complementing and reinforcing the existing city centre. Opportunities also exist to capitalise on existing assets in areas which are peripheral to Penrith's central area, and which can support and complement it. Such assets include the Nepean River, Penrith Panthers entertainment complex, Penrith Lakes residential development and recreation area and the Mulgoa Road bulky goods precinct. The Nepean Hospital is planned to be upgraded and expanded under the State Infrastructure Strategy. Penrith's association with the nearby Werrington Enterprise, Living & Learning (WELL) Precinct, including the University of Western Sydney and the Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, will also be important to the development of the centre. 5.4.3
Future Development Expectations
The Penrith City Centre Plan Vision undertaken in 2006 seeks to capture the key expectations for the redevelopment of the Penrith city centre in light of the anticipated 10,000 additional jobs and 10,000 additional residents by 2031 and supports Penrith in being 'a vibrant forward looking centre that provides quality urban living, within easy access to natural surrounds'. Community engagement as part of the visioning process identified the following issues/needs: • • • • • •
lack of identity and clear future direction; lack of quality public spaces and greening; lack of leisure options beyond shopping; lack of arts/culture presence; under-representation of marginalised groups — addressing their needs and creating opportunities for cultural visibility, e.g. indigenous community, young people; the natural environment is not reflected well in the city centre.
Key elements of the vision include: developing a vibrant regional business and commercial centre, achieving a sustainable centre, creating a safe and attractive centre, creating a socially and culturally vibrant centre, creating a liveable city, re-connecting the city to the river, establishing the new city square and park, and celebrating the special character of Penrith. The vision intends that the Penrith city centre become 'the hub of cultural and arts activities including performing and visual arts' and suggests that Council will 'use its assets and resources to stimulate opportunities for both audiences and artists'. A new City Park at Allen Place seeks to provide 6,500m2 of public space for passive recreation in the heart of the Penrith City Centre (Penrith City Council, 2006). The City Park will fill a need for greater public space in the city centre, providing recreation space for both residents and workers, offering relief from the surrounding built form and providing an attractive outlook from surrounding residential and commercial buildings (NSW Department of Planning, 2006; Penrith City Council, 2006).
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Figure 27: Proposed City Park at Allen Place — Penrith City Centre Vision
The planning and design principles for City Park include: • • • • • • •
a central civic open space in the heart of the city centre framed by active streets and building frontages; an active place for recreation, outdoor eating, celebration, civic and cultural events; sunlight and daylight access with shading in summer and capturing cool breezes for the city centre; a park with combination of soft green landscaping with tree planting and permeable paved areas; tree plantings that reflect the character and identity of the locality; a civic square for more formal civic events; a permeable frame of buildings with clear access points/laneways/arcades through to surrounding streets;
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• • •
public art and cultural facilities; safety and security incorporating crime prevention design measures; and incorporation of sustainability measures.
The Metropolitan Strategy 2036 (DP 2012) outlines some key aspects of successful centres as: • • • •
accessible and pedestrian friendly; providing good public transport options; containing good jobs, learning opportunities and cultural activities; and have good, safe public domain spaces.
It also states that subregional planning will identify projects that can act as catalyst or magnet infrastructure to achieve desired development outcomes in centres. A designated recreation/tourist precinct is intended to create a link between the city centre and the Nepean River, providing passive and active recreation and sporting opportunities (NSW Department of Planning, 2007). Key developments for this precinct will include extending landscaping and civic improvement in High Street towards the river, and improvements to open spaces for cultural and entertainment related uses (Penrith City Council, 2006). This precinct within the city centre area connects with the proposed Riverlink, a more extensive recreational, leisure and entertainment destination focused on the Nepean River (Penrith City Council, 2007). In addition to a focus on recreation, leisure, community and cultural needs, the precinct will also encompass residential and employment uses and incorporates key sport and recreation infrastructure including the showgrounds/paceway, Penrith Stadium and the cable ski park (Penrith City Council, 2007). Objectives of the Riverlink Precinct include: Connectivity and links • Create strong synergies with the Penrith City Centre by optimising the proximity to the centre and complementing its land uses and character areas. • Create the Riverlink by strengthening the relationship to and connection with the Nepean River. • Reinforce transport links and pedestrian connections to the Penrith City Centre and public transport hubs. • Improve links and connectivity across the Precinct and between the various landholdings. Co-operation • Address precinct issues such as flooding and access through collaboration with key stakeholders within the Riverlink Precinct. Local character, regional appeal • Reinforce and enhance local identity and sense of place through public domain and building design. • Create a highly desirable visitor destination. • Create an exciting new entertainment, leisure and lifestyle hub.
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Design excellence • •
Meet and exceed sustainability benchmarks, including water quality. Achieve public domain and architectural design excellence.
Figure 28: Riverlink Precinct and proximity to Penrith City Centre
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Judges Park, contained within the City Centre is planned for redevelopment to provide 'improved green space with community facilities that provide a high level o f amenity, functionality and accessibility' and is intended to service residents, workers and visitors (Penrith City Council, 2006). At the present time no significant urban intensification and associated revitalisation of the Penrith city centre has occurred. However it is understood that new governance models are being prepared in order to action the revitalisation of the CBD. The Penrith CBD revitalisation has a focus on partnership and collaboration and will benefit from a Management Corporation operating under 'a 3 year funding arrangement to deliver a triennial business plan' and a clearly defined annual budget to assist in the business plan's implementation (People Places and Partnership, 2012). Local government, in this case the Penrith City Council, will need to contribute 'to the look and feel o f the town centre through quality o f public spaces, and improving community services' (People Places and Partnership, 2012).
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5.5
Provision of Community, Sport and Recreation Facilities
5.5.1
Existing CSR Facility Provision
Based on findings of the Penrith Regional City Infrastructure Strategy (SGS, 2008), Penrith City is well provided with a range of regional social public infrastructure' and is 'home to major regional and state funded facilities'. There are a number of community and sport and recreation facilities located within the Penrith City Centre, including: ■ Dame joarl Sutherland Performing Arts Centre, centrally located next to Penrith Plaza and the Penrith City library which opened in 1990 and was subject to a significant $14 million upgrade in 2006 which was jointly funded by the NSW Government and Penrith City Council. This has resulted in the current facility which includes a 660 seat concert hall, 380 seat Q Theatre (drama theatre), 100 seat multi-purpose hall and approximately 27 music rooms associated with the Conservatorium of Music. •
Penrith Civic Centre, located on a key site with three main road frontages - Castlereagh Road, Great Western Highway and Jane Street - and adjoins the Penrith Plaza shopping complex. The complete precinct is unique as it links the key functions of administration, culture and recreation on the one site. A key feature of the design of the building is that it is 'most inviting and accessible to the public'.
•
Penrith City Library (regional library) which forms part of the Council's Civic Centre and has a gross floor area within the centre of approximately 3,000 square metres.
•
Penrith PCYC, Penrith Senior Citizens Centre, and Penrith RSL Club.
•
Penrith Bowling and Recreation Club is a community bowling club with 3 x bowling greens and a clubhouse with amenities, function space, restaurant, bar and gaming.
•
Penrith PCYC offers a range of programs and facilities which target young people, including boxing & martial arts classes, archery and music classes.
•
Judges Park is located in a central location within the city centre and contains a small playground. The park adjoins The Penrith Bowling and Recreation Club and a multi-storey car park.
•
Woodriff Gardens parkland providing predominantly passive recreation opportunities, linking city centre to Nepean River.
•
Nepean District Tennis Association club facility provides 14 x hard-surface tennis courts and clubhouse facilities.
Within the city centre, a number of non-government community facilities are also accommodated in Community Connections, a State government administered co-location facility that houses a number of services (PCC 2006). The former Penrith Council Chambers also house a small number of community services that require a CBD location for effective service delivery.
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State and federal government facilities and services offered within the City Centre include Centrelink, Child Support Agency, NSW Department of Housing, Department of Community Service and Penrith Community Health Centre. A number of community and sport and recreation facilities are also located adjacent and within close proximity to the Penrith City Centre. Figure 29 shows the location of the above CSR facilities. Figure-29: Penrith City Centre and current CSR facility provision
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Within the scope of the Recreational and Cultural Strategy 2004 and Facilities and Services Strategy 2004, it was identified that the overall Penrith LGA had a sufficient supply of community centres, community halls, youth centres and regional performing arts centres. It was recommended that the area could support 2-3 additional art galleries and 3-4 smaller performing arts centres. The studies also noted increasing levels of participation in art and craft activities and attendance at exhibitions. The City Centre Strategy 2006 offers a contrasting view to the studies undertaken in 2004. This report states that cultural infrastructure in Penrith is "fragile, under-developed, unrecognised and isolated" (PCC 2006, p.17). In a survey undertaken to inform this report however, participants noted that they were generally happy with the quality of community centres, libraries, museums and art/craft galleries available in Penrith.
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Participants also made observations that there was a need for a greater number of youth facilities and for childcare facilities to be reviewed. There was no mention of particular facilities experiencing particular pressure at the present time. As an outcome of the Penrith City Centre Vision, the Penrith City Centre Development Control Plan (DCP) was prepared which identified nine precincts to guide future development within the Penrith city centre, including precincts for CSR facilities as represented on Figure 30 below. With respect to CSR facility provision, descriptions of the Civic and Cultural Precinct, the Community Hub Precinct and the Recreationfrourist Precinct, taken from the Penrith City Centre DCP, 2007 are provided below: "Civic and Cultural Precinct Penrith's Civic Centre, comprising the council's offices and library, as well as the Joan Sutherland Performing Arts Centre comprise the civic and cultural precinct. contains ... green public spaces which can be redeveloped to enliven this precinct, making it attractive and vibrant after hours. Community Hub A number of community facilities are already sited in the city centre and there is an opportunity to amalgamate these facilities in a central precinct at the heart of the city ...There is opportunity to enhance the existing public space with landscaped and shaded spaces for community groups to meet and gather. Its central location is ideal in ensuring that the precinct is easily accessible from adjoining residential areas, and greatly enhances the precinct's focus for community functions. Recreation / Tourist The precinct is critical to creating Penrith as a true river city. The sports facilities at ... Woodruff Gardens and the rowing club along the river provide recreation opportunities for the local residents and workers. The area has low scale development, with some tourist facilities already located along the river (such as a hotel and function centre). Creating a recreational link between the city centre and the river is a priority in this area. The landscape extension of High Street to the riverfront will be the priority to reconnect the city with the river and to create attractive and legible pedestrian links."
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Figure 30: DCP Character Areas
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5.5.2
Proposed CSR Facility Provision
Some of the key needs associated with community and sport and recreation facilities that are expected to arise as a result of the projected urban intensification of Penrith city centre, as identified in the relevant reports and strategies detailed above, include: • • • • •
• •
likely need for new regional community and sport and recreation facilities to cater for expanding population base and cultural needs increasing/changing; equitable and affordable access to community, sport and recreation facilities and activities for all sectors and target groups; improved promotion of those community, sport and recreation facilities currently available; matching/adapting facility provision with changing recreational and cultural participation patterns and aspirations as the population changes; impact on facilities provision from new or emerging activities and/or increased levels of participation in existing activities, particularly if the provision of new facilities does not occur in accordance with the urban intensification/growth. improved provision and access to community, sport and recreation facilities for young people; and providing greater access to cultural and arts facilities.
Facilities which are planned at the present time include the following: Regional City Community Services Facility The Penrith Regional City Delivery Program 2009-2013 aims for Penrith to have 'equitable access to services and facilities', basing the provision of services and facilities on the principles of social justice and equity. A key action identified is to 'advance the planning of the Regional City Community Services Facility in Penrith City Centre'. With respect to the proposed Regional City Community Services Facility, the Delivery Program states: A ' workshop was convened with community and government partner agencies in September 2010 to gain a better understanding of the broader design requirements of service providers that might deliver programs and services from the proposed facility. This was followed up with a survey of community partners to more accurately establish the number of staff, space requirements, and related matters that need to be taken into account in further planning for this facility. The request for a capital contribution from the State Government towards the facility was included in Council's advocacy program in the lead up to the State election in March 2011. The proposed facility has also been the subject of discussion between Council's Property Development Department and prospective government tenants. Property Development has also undertaken some financial modelling to establish the feasibility of the project and the capital funding required through government arants_'.
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Possible Open Air Concert Facility Immediately north of the community and entertainment facilities associated with the Penrith Panthers entertainment facility and the Showground is a large expanse of Council-owned land, known as the Carpenter Precinct and Woodriff Gardens which have the potential to build upon the existing cultural and entertainment precinct. Creation of an open air concert facility, similar to the Myer Music Bowl in Melbourne or the Domain in Sydney, in conjunction with public parklands, botanical gardens and a pedestrian parkway linking to the Nepean River would provide a regional space that would attract concerts, festivals and other public events to Penrith. It is understood that Council has been and will continue to work with stakeholders on this project.
5.6
Key Learnings from Penrith City Centre
Based on the case study analysis it is evident that there is great potential ahead for the redevelopment and revitalisation of the Penrith city centre and that the opportunity exists for it to become a more dynamic place with potential as a 'mixed use cultural and entertainment hub' (People Places and Partnership, 2012). A number of learnings can be drawn from the experience of the Penrith city centre which could potentially be applied to the redevelopment of Woden Town Centre. Table 7 summarises the key elements and learnings from the case study for the provision of CSR facilities in a redeveloping town centre. Table 7: Key Elements and Learnings
Atea of
Penritb City Centre Experience
Considetation General provision of facilities
•
•
•
•
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Key aspects of successful centres include: o accessible and pedestrian friendly; o providing good public transport options; o containing good jobs, learning opportunities and cultural activities; and o have good, safe public domain spaces; CSR facilities should be physically accessible, by both active and public transport and well located adjacent to other neighbourhood and district services such as shops, etc. as well as being co-located with similar facilities; There will be a likely need in city centre revitalisation for new regional community, sport and recreation facilities to cater for the expanding population base and cultural needs increasing/changing; Improved promotion of those community, sport and recreation facilities currently available is required;
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salmi
r
aenrith City Centre Experience
There will be a need to match/adapt facility provision with changing recreational and cultural participation patterns and aspirations as the population changes; , will be an impact on facilities provision from new or emerging There • activities and/or increased levels of participation in existing activities, particularly if the provision of new facilities does not occur in accordance with the ,urban intensification/growth; will be a need for improved provision and access to There • community facilities for young people; Greeter access to cultural and arts facilities is seen as desirable; • character_ of desired meeting and gathering places varies The • significantly between_ age and cultural groups and includes public and private infrastructure. It is important to be flexible and cater for all groups when Providing shared community meeting spaces; ongoing demand of community organisations is the need for An • increased space within city centres. Many organisations have clients that depend upon centrally located and accessible Services, but have limited resources, which makes funding commercial rents in the city Centre difficult. It is important that services offered by community organisations be maintained within the city centre These works and demands for additional space need to be prioritised and . adequate government funding ensured. • The provision of high quality and Usable open space is essential, particularly in the city centre where public open space is limited. • Strong linkages between the city centre and valuable open space, recreation and sport assets surrounding the city centre area is important to create connections between residents and workers and spaces for recreation. •
Innovation in Provision
•
•
• •
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Centrally and co-located community and cultural facilities, along with the co-location of these with other key activity areas such as the Penrith Plaza shopping centre has established a clear , community/cultural hub within the Penrith city centre that can be built upon as the area undergoes further urban intensification in light of projected future growth; Landmark facilities such as the Joan Sutherland performing arts . complex and the Council's well-designed civic centre provide important key community facilities within the heart of the city centre; A key feature of the design of community buildings is that they should be 'most inviting and accessible to the public'; A community hub needs to be easily accessible from adjoining; residential areas, and if well located, greatly enhances the precinct's . focus for community functions;
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Arealof Consideration
Penrith City Centre Experience • •
•
•
Any new multipurpose community facilities should be provided with the flexibility to meet a broad range of needs; Facilities must have adequate storage space for individual community groups and be adaptable for changing needs/increased growth, particularly an increased residential and working population, within the city centre; Areas for gathering/meeting spaces- and areas for - additional and improved art and cultural facilities are considered an essential part of the future CSR facility provision within the Penrith city centre; Possible provision of an open air concert facility and the further consolidation of a cultural and entertainment precinct within the city centre is being considered further as a key initiative to enliven the
•
• •
Staging/Delivery
community centre, particularly at night; Opportunities should be taken to capitalise on existing assets in areas which are peripheral to the 'city centre area, and which can support and complement it; Major projects can act as catalyst or magnet infrastructure to achieve desired development outcomes in centres; Council and Government owned sites can provide a positive opportunity for a reasonably straight-forward redevelopment project.
•
Connecting the Nepean River with the city centre and development of the river corridor as a focal point for the broader Penrith area provides respite from and complements the dense city centre.
•
Consultation with local stakeholders identified that there is need for a 'major catalyst development' in order to 'power growth' and see the push for the CBD revitalisation (People Places and Partnership, 2012);
• •
Projects can act as catalyst or magnet infrastructure to achieve desired development outcomes in centres; It is important to ensure that provision of additional CSR facilities or augmentation of existing CSR facilities occurs in line with new growth.
Political and
•
Governance Arrangements •
Penrith city centre revitalisation has a focus on partnership and collaboration with a new centre management initiative with the creation of a 'partnership between local government, private sector
and key community groups' (People Places and Partnership, 2012); Council 'taking a proactive approach' for the revitalisation of the centre includes introducing a new governance with arrangement a Management Corporation to operate under 'a 3 year funding arrangement to deliver a triennial business plan' and a Penrith
city
clearly defined annual budget to assist in the business plan's •
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implementation (People Places and Partnership, 2012);
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.
Area -of Consideration,
TeririttyCity Centre 'Experience Triennial business plans will be the 'blueprint' for the new governance body and will focus on the necessary strategies and actions necessary to 'sustain, enhance and improve' the Penrith• CBD (People Places and Partnership, 2012); • Strong local leadership is also seen to be required and a professional Centre Manager will be engaged by the Management . Corporation to nurture stakeholder relationships (People Places and , Partnership, 2012); Local government, in this case the Penrith City Council, is still seen • to be the provider of the framework' of the centre and 'contributing •
to the look a n d feel o f the town centre through quality o f public; spaces, a n d improving community services' (People Places and
Partnership, 2012). Financial
• •
• • •
•
Management
•
•
Implications for patterns of demand on CSR facilities/land in the
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,
Under Council's proposed new governance structure there will be a 3 year funding plan to carry forward city centre revitalisation works; A local business group, the Penrith Business Alliance, will seek to work with the NSW Treasury to explore new models of funding infrastructure in efforts to expedite the revitalisation process; The Penrith Business Alliance is appointing a lead Implementation Advisor to take forward the revitalisation initiatives; With respect to specific facility provision it is noted that the cost of use to individuals and groups should not be prohibitive; Other levels of government have a responsibility to contribute to the funding of these facilities as some are funded by particular government agencies; It is understood that funding for the proposed Regional City , Community Services Facility will be via a combination of capital contribution from the NSW State government, government grants and Council funding. Maintaining the identity of Penrith is seen as imperative to ensuring community ownership and acceptance of the City Centre Strategy and subsequent plans implementing the Strategy; Although there is an articulated vision under the Penrith City Centre Plan 2007 the community do not seem 'connected' with it and seem to be unclear about what it means to become a 'regional city'. The vision therefore appears not to have been truly embraced by local stakeholders. Demand for CSR facility provision is linked to the catchment that the urban intensification area serves. In the case of Penrith, given its regional role there is a demand for regional level facilities The increased intensification within the Penrith CBD area will result
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Area of. Consideration
Penrith City Cetitrexperience WPM
MEE
in a demand for increased public open spaces and plazas to be provided throughout the centre Demand for CSR facilities is for these to be co located with other key facilities such as shopping centres to create a community 'hub'
area • • .
Creation of a community hub by co-location a number of community facilities already sited in the city centre provides an opportunity to create a central precinct at the heart of the city centre
References Department of Planning, NSW Government (DP). 2007. Penrith City Centre Plan Vision. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcitv.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/VVebsite/Planning & Development/Our Cit v Centres/PenCitvCntrVisionOct07Parts1-4.pdf Department of Planning, NSW Government (DP). 2007. Penrith City Centre Plan — Development Control Plan. Accessed October 10, 2012, http://www.penrithcitv.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/VVebsite/Planning and Development/Plann ing & Zoning Information/DCP/Pen DCP08CityCentre.pdf Museum of Contemporary Art Australia. 2012. Campement Urbain: The Future of Penrith/ http://www.mca.com.au/artists-and-works/external-proiects/c3west/campement-urbain-future-penrith-penrith-future/ Penrith of the Future. Accessed October 10, 2012, NSW Business Chamber. 2010. 10 Big Ideas to Grow Penrith. Accessed on October 12, 2012 at http://vvww.nswbusinesschamber.com.au/NSWBC/media/Misc/Lobbying/10Biq Ideas/10 big ideas Penrith.pdf NSW Government Planning and Infrastructure (2012) Sydney North West Subregional Strategy Accessed October 15, 2012 at http://www.metroplansvdnev.nsw.gov.au/Subregions/NorthWestSubregion.aspx NSW Department of Planning. 2006. Penrith City Centre Vision 2006, NSW Government. NSW Department of Planning. 2007. Penrith City Centre Plan: Development Control Plan. NSW Government. People, Place and Partnership Pty Ltd (June 2012) Revitalising St Marys Town Centre and
Penrith City Centre — Summary Document, Penrith. Penrith City Council (PCC). 2010. Penrith Local Environmental Plan 2010. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://vvww.legislation.nsw.gov.au/maintop/view/inforce/epi+540+2010+cd+0+N Penrith City Council (PCC). 2009(a). Penrith Regional City Delivery Program 2009-2031. Accessed September 27, 2012,
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http://wwvv. pen rithcity. nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/VVebsite/Your Council/Delivery%20Progra m%20V13%20Web.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). 2009(b). Penrith Regional City Resource Strategy 2011-2021. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www. pen rithcitv. nsw. gov.au/uploadedFilesANebsite/Your Council/Resource%20Strate 0%202011-2021.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). 2009(c). Penrith Urban Study Managing Growth to 2031. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Website/Planninq & Development/Urban & Rural Planning/Penrith%2OUrban%20Studv.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). 2008. Penrith Regional City Infrastructure Strategy. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/VVebsite/Planning & Development/Plannin q Studies & Strategies/Penrith%20Reclional%20City%20Infrastructure%20Strategy%20%2 8Reduced%20File%20Size%29.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). 2006. Penrith City Centre Strategy. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www. pen rithcity. nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Website/Planning & Development/Our Cit v Centres/PenrithCitvCentreStrateq"20July06.pdf Penrith City Council. 2006. Penrith City Centre Precinct Plan Draft: Urban Structure. Penrith City Council (PCC). 2004a. Established Residential Areas Infrastructure, Facilities and Services Strategy. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/PLANSEstablishedResidentialAreasInfrastr uctureAndServiceStrategies%281%29.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). 2004b. Recreational and Cultural Strategy People's Lifestyle, Aspirations and Needs Study. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcitv.nsw.qov.au/uploadedFiles/Website/Your Council/Freedom of Inform ation/SP013RecreationalandCulturalStrategy.pdf Penrith City Council (PCC). Undated. Penrith Regional City Community Strategic Plan 2031. Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Website/Your Council/Strategic%20Plan% 20Web%20V3.pdf profile.id. 2012. Penrith Community Profile Accessed on October 10, 2012. http://profile.id.com.au/penrith/about/?WebID=310 Schiller, E (8 September 2012) Penrith on fast track to the future, Penrith Press: Penrith http://penrith-press.whereilive.com.au/news/story/penrith-on-fast-track-to-the-future/ accessed on October 10, 2012 at Urbis, Keys Young and StratCorp Consulting. 2002. Penrith PLANS for our future â&#x20AC;&#x201D; People's
Lifestyle, Aspirations and Needs Study Community Attitudes and Aspirations Survey Report.
Accessed September 27, 2012, http://www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Report.pdf
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6.0 Summary of Findings 6.1
C o m p a r i s • n o f C a s e S t u d i e s ' Key Findings
A comparison of the three case studies including their context, circumstances and outcomes, leads to a number of conclusions which can be drawn in relation to possible CSR facility and associated land provision in a redeveloping Woden Town Centre. These are summarised in Table 8 below. Table 8: Case Study Comparison Table Key Elements
Green Square Town Centre
False Creek North
_
Penrith City Centre
1Noden Town Centre'
Location
4.5km south of Sydney CBD
Approximately 500m-lkm south of Vancouver CBD in 'downtown' area — walkable
54km west of Sydney CBD
Hierarchy / Role
District role with some regional elements (such as Sydney Park)
District role (with some elements such as the Roundhouse community centre being utilised by the whole of Vancouver City)
Regional role
District role, with some regional elements (such as • the Canberra Hospital and Ice Skating Rink)
Centre/Area Purpose
A future town centre and redevelopment area that will provide a key employment and residential living node within close proximity and with good connectivity to the Sydney CBD.
Area that has undergone , significant redevelopment and urban intensification in order to provide a high density residential living environment in close proximity to the Vancouver CBD but provide a range of facilities and services
A long-established city centre, with regional city status (as of 2006) intended to provide a full range of business, government, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities to , of service the western corridor
An established town centre that is a key employment, commercial, retail, service trades and CSR facility centre for the wider Woden Valley District, southern Canberra and some inner . areas Canberra suburbs (such as
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5km south/south-west of Canberra CBD
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
ey Elements _
r e e n Siivare Town-Centre
false Creek North to promote social sustainability principles.
Land area
Town centre = 13.74 hectares Entire redevelopment area = 67 hectares Entire redevelopment area = 278 hectares
Resident Population
5,500 residents anticipated to be accommodated in the future town centre
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10,570 residents (at time of analysis and when development was mostly complete)
Pehrith city Centre
Woden Town.Ceritre
Deakin and Yarralumla). greater Sydney. Will be Currently undergoing a review experiencing residential and of the current Woden Town employment growth which Centre Master Plan (2004) requires/is stimulating revitalisation of the city centre and preparing the Mawson area and urban intensification. Group Centre and Athllon Drive Master Plans to accommodate projected - growth and change over the next 30 years. . Entire redevelopment area = Town centre =250 hectares 210 hectares based on an estimate given that the town centre is known to be approximately 2.5km long and 1km wide (no specific figure for the CBD site area has been provided) Currently a low residential population n i the city centre. By 2031 the Penrith CBD is projected to accommodate 15,000 persons in 7,500 dwellings (approximately 5,300 new dwellings)
In 2011 the population of the suburb of Phillip was 2,082 people, 6.4 per cent of the Woden Valley district and the population of the whole WAM study area was 5,100 residents (Mawson and Phillip)
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Key Elements Worker Population
Green Squere Town Centre 7,000 workers anticipated to be located in the town centre
N.A.
False Creek North _
Pentith City Centre Currently planning for an additional 10,000 workers by 2031
.
Woden Town.,Ce titre Currently approximately 13,000 workers in Phillip and 14,000 in WAM study area. Future workforce TBD
Level of residential density achieved/ anticipated
Anticipated to achieve a total of 2,867 dwellings at 100 sqm per dwelling I.e. approximately 100 dwellings per hectare
Currently achieving 390 dwellings per hectare.
Amount of commercial and retail floorspace achieved/ anticipated
Expected to have 16,464 sqm floor area for retail use and 106,822 sqm floor area for commercial use
Current provision of Maximum of 145,872 sqm floor space of office and street 156,000sqm retail floor space level/pedestrian-oriented retail and 111,000sqm commercial office space. and service uses
Anticipated to accommodate Anticipated to accommodate an additional 10,000 residents up to an additional 10,000 , residents in the Town Centre. in the CBD at an expected density of 50 dwellings per Density TBD hectare TBD
By 2031 expected to have up to 250,000 sqm of retail floor space and up to 250,000 sqm of commercial office space Demographic Characteristics
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Currently a large proportion of 25-34 year olds which will continue with projected increases in youth (10-14 years) and 30-39 year olds.
Redeveloped False Creek North area accommodates a range of cultural groups, a median age group of 38 years and a high proportion of
Limited projections available for the future resident and workforce within the Penrith CBD.
It is anticipated that urban intensification of the WAM study area and the associated increase in population will attract new residents into the
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, E n v i r o n m e n t and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WANI CSR Facility Study
Principles and focus for redevelopment
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Grean,Square TowrrCentre
alse CreekNotth
Green Square is also home to a range of cultural and ethnic groups. The vision for the town centre envisages young singles, couples and empty nesters.
young children. Approximately 1/3 of residents were aged between 20-34 years. Many residents work in Vancouver city and enjoy the proximity of FCN to their workplaces.
Housing affordability, social Social diversity, access to , diversity, walkable and services, provision of connected community community facilities accessibility to CBD and other centres, ecologically sustainable development
enri
=MEM
°den TOcAlu, Centre study area (up to 10,000 additional people under ESDD's highest projections) and that the demographic characteristics of the new residents may differ to the existing population such as: • large increasejn the number and proportion of people in the 20-39 year ; age group in the incoming ,‘ population (i.e. the new residents) • a significant change in household structure to include a higher proportion of couple families without children and lone person households
A vibrant regional_ business and commercial centre, achieving a sustainable centre, creating a safe and attractive centre, creating a socially and culturally vibrant
TBD
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Ply Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Key Elements
Green Square Town Centre
False- Creek North -----
Penrithi dity Centre•
Wodeil Town; Cntre
centre, creating a liveable 'city, re-connecting the city to the river, establishing the new city square and park, and celebrating the special character of Penrith Provision of CSR Facilities in Case Study Areas Current: community Existing and established facilities provided community facilities within the overall redevelopment area include: • 4 schools, three public schools and one private school • 2 community centres — Beaconsfield and Roseberry • 1 library and customer service centre — Green Square • 1 community hall — Green Square • 1 child care centre — Roseberry Various community •
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Refer below to 'new community facilities'. Most have been provided as part of the redevelopment project.
Community facilities provided Existing community facilities • in the immediate city centre provided in the town centre or immediate environs include: core include: • Dame Joan Sutherland • Woden Library Performing Arts Centre • Woden Community Services • Penrith Civic Centre Penrith Woden Senior Citizen's City Library • • Club (regional library) of The Canberra Hospital 3,000sqm • • Woden Cemetery • Phillip Community Health Centre • Canberra Institute of Technology • Woden District Youth Centre • Govt secondary college • 3 licensed clubs
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
'etriefitS
f a l s e CreekNo
Sorygre TOwn Centre
Centre
Woden Town Centre
facilities supporting services such as Meals on Wheels, Youth Services etc Current sport and recreation facilities
• •
provided
•
• •
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Several local parks Several sports fields (mutl-ipurpose Park Alexandria oval, 3 x netball courts); Waterloo Oval (multi-purpose sports field) Tennis and basketball facilities (at separate locations) Sydney Park Moore Park
•
•
•
17.05 hectares of neighbourhood park in identified locations (4 parks in total, one serving as a major sport destination). Commercial sports stadium providing major sporting and other public events Indoor sports court (in Roundhouse Community Arts and Recreation Centre)
1 x Lawn Bowls Club 1 x PCYC 2 x parks 1 x multi-court tennis facility
-
Existing sport and recreation facilities in the WAM study area include: • 1 x 3 court Indoor sports stadium- privately owned and operated under lease (may cease in 2015) • 1 district Park 13.6 ha level youth , • : l x district skating and with space climbing. • 1 destination play space • 1 exercise trail with equipment • 3.x enclosed ovals • 2 x town parks 1.26 Ha • 1 aquatic facility and rink—• Indoor Ice skating privately owned on commercial land --but required by planning scheme to be part of any ,
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
K ' ey Elements
_Green Square Town Centre
False Creek North _
111122=012111
Woden Town, Centre
• • •
• New Community Facilities Proposed /Provided
6,000sqm community centre to include: • 2,190sqm library • 1,418sqm arts and cultural centre • 1,250sqm of general community space to be located within the town centre's central plaza. Not yet developed — design competition currently being judged. Multi-purpose community facilities to be provided within the former hospital site.
4,580sqm Roundhouse community centre providing a multi-purpose space for a range of arts, cultural and general community needs at a cost of $9million (which involved site remediation/ revitalisation of heritage structures) was established in 1993. Turntable Plaza, a large outdoor multi-purpose public plaza was established in 2012 at a cost of $1.8million. Facilities that were also
Proposed Regional City Community Services Facility — no details on site requirements have been provided. Understood that initial stages of feasibility planning are underway. Other suggested facilities include: • Heritage Museum and Exhibition Centre Open Air Concert facility • in conjunction with public parklands and appropriate linkages however these have not been . - .
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•.
future use of the site l x 8 court Squash centre 1 x "Pitch and Putt"- mini golf- privately owned. District sports fields totaling 19.1 Ha (includes Mawson Fields) 1 x 4 court tennis club facility
Feasibility study being undertaken for relocation of Woden Community Services and /or Woden Senior Citizen's Club and a child care centre. Enhancement of Community Health Centre, possibly on a site near hospital (confidential). Feasibility undertaken for an Arts Centre/space by WCS. Consideration of relocation of library to a larger site and
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAftll CSR Facility Study
reenSqUareTownnCentre
ertieri
,
Likely to be 1 additional child care centre provided.
False CreekNorth SMINISMEELM=
required as part of the redevelopment but have not all been provided include 8 x child care centres, 2 x primary schools, 1 x branch library and 1 x multi-purpose room for after school care. Noted that Vancouver library (just north of redevelopment area) and the False Creek Community Centre appear to provide the roles for the latter two required components. Understood that in the order ' of 4 child care centres are available but only 1 primary school which operates at capacity.
New sport and recreation facilities proposed
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•
Identification of requirements for 73,000sqm of open space Green Square Development Area, plus 24,340sqm in the Town Centre
Plaza of Nations Complex is proposed for-major development incorporating residential, commercial, retail, office space along-with a sports science centre and ice rink and waterfront public
_ proposals identified as firm and require further consultation and feasibility assessments.
IMMO
oden town Centre
retention of ACT Heritage• Library on site (confidential)
Likely that additional child care centres will be required in the centre based on the increase in iprojected nner-city resident and worker populations.
• • •
2 x park upgrades 1 x new central 'City Park' in City Centre 1 x Riverlink recreational, leisure and entertainment destination along the Nepean River
2.x synthetic sports fields at Melrose High School
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Key Elements
Green Square Town,Centre _ • 5 x new public open •
spaces 1 x new recreation precinct - aquatic, indoor multi-purpose, healthy & fitness, outdoor recreation & youth centre
False Creek North.
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The provision of an active community centre is considered a critical element for future similar developments however a recommendation would be to broaden its approach to make Landmark community facilities it more youth-friendly and/or based on a unique and cutting include designated youth edge design can provide a spaces. unique identity and character The allocation of space for to the community. childcare facilities needs to be closely related to demand and Heritage buildings and other heritage elements can be projected growth and utilized in the provision of implemented at appropriate
Provision of a multi-purpose community facility/hub is seen as a critical component of the redevelopment and can be .a focal point for the town centre redevelopment.
Woden TOwni Centre
space and walkway/ bike paths.
Key Approaches (from Learnings Tables) Community Facilities
,Penrith city Centre
Possible application to WAM Successful centres are: • Potential to create a community hub through accessible and pedestrian • collocation of key community friendly; facilities provide good public and service • • providers. transport options; contain good jobs, • learning opportunities and Potential for a landmark community facility to act as a cultural activities; and safe have catalyst public good, to achieve desired • • domain spaces. development outcomes and a focal point for the town centre Community facilities should redevelopment. • be physically accessible, by both active and public • Consideration of the reuse of heritage buildings, particularly transport and well located the library. adjacent to other
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAIVI CSR Facility Study
Key Element's
tdreeh'Squai.e Tinrin'Ceii re c community facilities.
F a r e Creek North times to meet demand.
Facilities highly useable and The provision of schools needs to be available for the accessible, flexible and 'first' residents and progress adaptable to changing community needs over time. as concentration and maturing of families occurs. A more compact form of social infrastructure â&#x20AC;&#x201D; as part of mixed use buildings â&#x20AC;&#x201D; may Careful consideration needs need to be considered with to be given to establishing a diversity of shops and increased densities. services that are affordable The town centre should be a and reflect the range of place where people can incomes in the neighbourhood. This should interact either during the day include a mid-sized grocery or at night for entertainment, cultural and community store. activities. Public art is important to Engagement of the local provide because of its community members and symbolic value and ability to instill 'community'. encouragement of civic participation is seen as Heritage structures can be important. reutilized for community Social infrastructure should facilities. be considered early on in the
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,Peniltheity Centre neighbourhood and-district services such as shops, etc. as well as being co-located with similar facilities. New community facilities will be required to cater for the expanding population base and cultural needs increasing/changing, as well â&#x20AC;˘as improved promotion of those community facilities currently available. There is likely to be a need for improved provision and access to community facilities for young people. Greater access to cultural and arts facilities is desirable. The character of desired meeting and gathering places will need to be flexible and cater for all groups when providing shared community
!Moder) Town Centre Need to provide gathering/ meeting spaces and areas for additional and improved art and cultural facilities. Consideration of a cultural and entertainment precinct within the city centre to enliven the community centre, particularly at night. Public art should be an integral element of public spaces and community facility provision. Opportunities should be taken to capitalise on existing assets in areas which are peripheral to the city centre area, and which can support and complement it, particularly the hospital, Canberra College and CIT. Provision of additional CSR
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAR/I CSR Facility Study
11=22211
Green Square Town Centre planning for the redevelopment area to ensure a strategic focus and to encourage human service agencies to plan ahead. Existing spaces can be utilised to provide temporary community services (prior to the establishment of larger purpose-built buildings). Cross-agency collaboration (and a multi-agency approach) is considered essential in planning and delivery of community facilities.
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False Creek North A pedestrian-friendly approach to community facility provision and building a community around established facilities to encourage and support walkability can result in a community that can access the available community facilities, where the facilities are well-used and frequented and where there is a clear sense of place, ,community identity and safety.
City-meePenrith ting spaces. •There will be an ongoing
Viloden Town Centre facilities or augmentation of existing CSR facilities needs in line with new to • occur growth.
demand by community organisations for increased Facilities need to be highly space if the services offered by community organisations useable and accessible, flexible and adaptable to are to be maintained within the city centre (seen as highly changing community needs • over time. desirable).
Centrally and co-located The needs of children and community and cultural youth must be adequately facilities are seen as catered for in terms of community facilities. desirable, co-location along with the of these with other key activity areas to establish New innovative models of • community facility provision a clear community/cultural hub. (e.g. GFA rather than land area) should be considered. Community buildings should Processes should be • be inviting and accessible to implemented to ensure the the public. local community is engaged and active in civic Creation of a community hub participation. by co-location a number of Cross-agency collaboration community facilities already
Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Key ',Elements
preen,Square ToAnm Centre
. False Creek North
'Petirith.!CitY Centre sited in the city centre provides an opportunity to create a central precinct at the heart of the city centre. A community hub needs to be easily accessible from adjoining residential areas, and if well located, greatly enhances the precinct's focus for community functions. Areas for gathering/meeting spaces and areas for additional and improved art and cultural facilities are considered an essential part of future CSR facility provision.
oden Tovin Centre (and a multi-agency approach) should be implemented in planning and delivering community. facilities. Community service agencies should be engaged early to plan ahead. The adequacy and diversity of shopping facilities for an increased resident population need to be considered. Community facilities should be physically accessible, by both active and public transport and well located adjacent to other neighbourhood and district services such as shops, etc.
Consolidation of a cultural and entertainment precinct within the city centre to enliven the community centre, Ongoing consultation with , community service providers particularly at night, is seen and local communities is desirable. as /required to determine the
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Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
Key. Elernents
1 Green, Square Town Centre NorthTheFalse Creek
Peñ•rith City
Centre
Opportunities should be taken to capitalise on existing assets in areas which are peripheral to the city centre area, and which can support and complement it.
Woden TOWn%Centre requirements for facilities.
Major projects can act as catalyst or magnet infrastructure to achieve desired development outcomes in centres. Sport and Recreation Facilities
Combining open space and retention basins maximizes space but introduces some risk in provision. Design to ensure functional recreation use is possible the majority of the time and that recovery from rain events is rapid and low cost is essential. Providing a range of open spaces of varying scales, themes and serving varying purposes creates diverse
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The _provision of high quality need to consider pets in the public domain is important and usable open space is for high density development. essential, particularly in the city centre where public open Although the ratio of 1 hectare space is limited. of open space per 1000 people would be considered Strong linkages between the low elsewhere, it works well in city centre and valuable open False Creek because open space, recreation and sport assets surrounding the city space represents 25% of the total site area and the open centre area is important to create connections between space is of high quality, located desirably, and is a key residents and workers and feature of the development. spaces for recreation.
WAM is well suited for • intensification as there is a good supply of existing district scale open space to serve needs of additional residents. , • Design needs to consider
walkability/ rideability and the development of public space and green space linkages • between parks and residential ' areas. Central public space/
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAN! CSR Facility Study
I
- Elemen Key
,Gieen Scitafe TowerCentre ' â&#x20AC;&#x201D;recreation opportunities for and adds to the sense residents have of a richness in provision. To some extent the use of diverse themes, design styles and treatments compensates for a lower quantum of space. Proximal location to major community sport and recreation facilities (Sydney Park & Moore Park) outside of the Town Centre supports the sport and recreation requirements of those that live and work in Green Square. Without these significant precincts, provision for community sport and active recreation would be regarded as poor in this development.
algb CreekNo,it
Proximity of residences to quality parkland is likely to influence the frequency of visits and therefore, standard distances to parkland of high quality should be sought. Use of smaller parks should be used to improve connections between larger green spaces and to break up density of tall buildings.
6'11.6 City 0e0tfe,,
The provision of high quality and usable open space is essential, particularly in the city centre where public open space is limited. Strong linkages between the city centre and valuable open space, recreation and sport assets surrounding the city centre area are important to create connections between residents and workers and spaces for recreation.
en own Centre ,
_ parkland as a "heart" to the development should be integral to design. Consideration of a range of design themes for creating a "diversity of public spaces" is recommended. Provision of facilities for pets (dog off leash areas and walking routes) should be included in planning. Park usage is likely to increase with higher densities and increasing the diversity of spaces within the district park is recommended. Providing a range of play destinations and specific youth focused spaces is recommended. Provision of sporting,facilities/ exercise and active recreation
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ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
,Key Elements
Green Square Town Centre.
False Creek North
enrith City Centre,.
Woden Town Centre _opportunities will be â&#x20AC;˘ important. Provision of opportunities could be â&#x20AC;˘ through a range of private/ commerciakoffers as well as public facilities.
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Buckley Vann Town Planning Consultants, Briggs & Mortar Pty Ltd, Strategic Leisure Group
ACT Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAM CSR Facility Study
6.2
Key learnings applicable to CSR Provision
From the summary above and the information derived through the case study review, the following points highlight some of the key considerations or learnings as they may relate to the provision of CSR facilities in an urban intensification environment such as the WAM study area. Sport and Recreation • •
•
• • • •
A centrally located park is integral to new community hubs. Providing a range of open spaces of varying scales, themes and serving varying -purposes creates diverse opportunities for recreation and adds to the sense residents have of a richness in provision. Consider pets when designing public domains for high density development. Parks of extensive size, quantity and wide-open spaces are considered a strong attribute of successful neighbourhoods. Use of smaller parks should be used to improve connections between larger green spaces and to break up density of tall buildings. The provision of high quality and usable open space is essential, particularly in the city centre where public open space is limited. Strong linkages between the city centre and valuable open space, recreation and sport assets is important to create connections between residents and workers and spaces for recreation.
Community Facilities • • • • • • •
A multi-purpose community facility/hub can be a focal point for town centre redevelopment. The potential for a landmark community facility to act as a catalyst to achieve desired development outcomes (a magnet infrastructure'). Reuse of heritage buildings can provide character and identity. A cultural and entertainment precinct can enliven the town centre, particularly at night. Facilities need to be highly useable and accessible, flexible and adaptable to changing community needs over time. Cultural facilities, public art and meeting spaces will be important to a new community. New innovative models of community facility provision (e.g. GFA rather than land area) should be considered.
Other Observations • •
•
Utilising existing spaces, particularly government owned buildings/facilities, even on a temporary basis prior to larger/purpose built facilities being built. Capitalise on assets peripheral to the centre as they can complement and support a range of uses. Balance this with the need to locate facilities accessible to the catchment they serve. Connectivity is important in creating synergies and linkages particularly: 0 To reinforce or cater for transport, especially public transport and pedestrian/cycle connections
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A C T Government, Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate (ESDD) WAIVI CSR Facility Study
Reinforce or create local character Link important or valuable open space areas Demand for CSR facility provision is linked to the catchment that the urban intensification area serves and needs to be delivered to meet demand otherwise it will not address community need and work against the broader revitalization objective. o
o
•
Governance and Leadership Strong Government commitment is essential including — Clear leadership (taskforce or agency) driving the redevelopment/revitalisation strategy; . o plus o Collaboration and shared funding and delivery across all relevant agencies/levels of government. A funding • or business plan to outline how the strategy will be delivered. • Government leadership — government owned spaces should be easier or more straightforward to redevelop or activate and may act as catalyst projects. • Underlying principals of collaboration and partnership — with the community, across government and the private sector. •
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