Internet of Things
closed environment of a standalone machine. Making use of new network connectivity can be a disruptive but positive change for these teams.
Connectivity This is the means by which products communicate with the backend systems and includes a range of methods from proprietary to standards-based. Of course, it has been possible to connect devices for some time, but historically this has used proprietary, custom-built systems. Today, cloud computing provides a more convenient and cost-effective way to connect to other systems.
Two other areas where innovation is improving connectivity are: Edge computing – such as servers located close to the smart products or factories that act as a collection point for the data. Because vast amounts of data can be collected from the billions of devices in the field, it makes sense to do as much data processing and selection as possible, near to the devices or
sensors. This means that less data has to be transmitted to the cloud and less processing will later be required. Evolving connectivity standards: the Industrial Internet of Things Connectivity Framework (IIC:PUB:G5:V1.0:PB:20170228) from the IIC (Industrial Internet Consortium) lists ten Core Standard Criteria ranging from ‘Providing syntactic interoperability’ to ‘Having readily-available SDKs.’ Against these, it rates four Connectivity Standards – DDS; Web Services; OPC-UA and oneM2M. Each of these standards is evolving to provide specific advantages in Industrial IoT implementation. For example, DDS is an emerging, new standard; its main distinguishing feature is that, unlike the other three, DDS has no concept of messages – the software application talks to the ‘databus’ for a more efficient solution when the data has many destinations.
Product access and data routing Almost every connected product has more than one organization interested in reading its data, and sending it commands. The Product Access and Data Routing layer
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