Purchases of local works and services in offshore operations were significantly high in support activities, such as environmental surveys, insurance services, and legal services, where their share reached 95 percent of purchases. But in more technical offshore activities, the share of local works and services is significantly lower at 6 percent in EPCM (engineering, procurement, construction and management and reaches a maximum of 46 percent in offshore fixed-platform construction (Figure 4.13). Figure 4.13 Kazakh Content in Works and Services Purchased for Offshore Operations, 2011 Seismic operations
20%
Environmental surveys Exploration
93%
Geological, geophysical surveys and other research
Drilling operations Drilling services
40% 8% 10%
Oil spill response and clean-up
18%
Offshore fixed platform construction Development
46%
Cofferdam foundation construction
43%
Preparation of technical documents
20%
Air conditioning and ventilation system
Equipment maintenance and repair Operations
27% 10%
Fixed equioment maintenance and repair
40%
Rotating equipment maintenance and repair
30%
Start-up
22%
Industrial waste management
30%
Insurance services
95%
Emergency consultants’ services / medical treatment Other
80%
Design / feasibility study, permits and approvals EPCM
84% 6%
Customs clearance, transport and forwarding
84%
Legal services
95%
Transportation services
55%
Source: Based on data from KCA 2012b. Note: KC = Kazakh content; EPCM = Engineering, procurement, construction and construction management.
In purchases of works and services in onshore operations, the level of local content was comparable in supra and subsalt fields activities as well as across exploration, development, operations, and abandonment activities (Figure 4.14). Figure 4.14 Kazakh Content in Works and Services Purchased for Onshore Operations by Depth, 2011 80%
Seismic acquisition
69% 76%
Exploratory drilling
Exploration
40%
80%
Geotechnical studies
69% 60% 59%
Analyses and research
76%
Construction and installation
59% 70%
Well drilling and construction Directional drilling Development
40% 40% 30% 76% 75% 76% 75%
Power supply Pipeline construction Design
50% 40% 70% 69%
Oilfield equipment maintenance
76%
Well workover Operations
Enhanced oil recovery
60% 40% 39% 87% 86%
Waste management 50% 49%
Oil / gas transportation
80% 80% 80% 80%
Rig-down operations Abandonment
Well suspension
90% 90%
EIA (ecology) Suprasalt fields (up to 2,500 m)
Source: Based on data from KCA 2012b. Note: KC = Kazakh content; EIA = Environmental impact assessment.
125
Subsalt fields (up to 2,500 m)