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Education Expenditure
Notes 1. Total 2013 GoG basic education budget: 2,070 million cedi; Budget for wages, salaries and allowances: 2,051 million cedi. In the 2012 budget, wage bill expenditure was 3,471 million against 1,279 million allocation: a difference of 2.192 million. Budgets for 2014 and 2015 are expected to follow a similar trajectory (GES, 2013). 2. Ghana calculations based on World Bank and IMF data. In Ghana, primary unit costs were US$172 in 2008 where GDP per capita (Atlas method) was US$1040. Using purchasing power parity, unit costs were US$413 in 2008 and GDP per capita was measured at US$2500. (World Bank 2012; IMF World Economic Outlook 2011). Primary unit costs equal 16.5 percent of Ghana’s per capita GDP. Exchange rate used. 1.1 Ghana Cedi per USD (average for 2008). 3. This section is adapted from World Bank, 2010 and uses a data set on wage bill–related expenditures for the years 2000, 2004, and 2008, as well as data gathered from the OHCS on age and information from the Controller Accountant General (CAG) through the automated Integrated Payroll and Personnel Database (IPPD).
Basic Education beyond the Millennium Development Goals in Ghana http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0098-6