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constitute an issue for the data’s consistency. In many cases, however, sources were scarce or presented methodological problems, and in some cases they were nonexistent. The team has maintained the highest level of rigor possible with the different sources used and in the data presentation and use in the study. However, due to these limitations different opinions about the choice of sources might still arise. The lack of data and their poor quality is also indicative of the necessity to explore and generate more data for Sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, the need to generate more primary data on the state of water and sanitation at the city level is coupled with the need, as reflected in this study, to pay more attention to IUWM. To overcome these problems, an exhaustive record of the original sources of data has been kept.3 Descriptive and clarification notes containing the different definitions used and the sources have been added to the different outputs as well as to each one of the tables used. These notes try to be as detailed and comprehensive as possible although a degree of uncertainty still remains, due to the difficulty of tracking and annotating each one of the different metrics and definitions used. However, when the data presented some discrepancies, the information found was crossed-referenced and compared to other sources containing similar data to check whether the data found was within a reliable interval of significance. Due to the variety of sources, discrepancies of data measurement can arise from this data set. During the collection of the data, when a problem of definition or measurement appeared, standardization was sought using generally and widely used definitions (for example, for improved drinking water we used data from the WHO-UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program). However, it has to be acknowledged that some differences and discrepancies might still remain within the data set due to the selection of the data sources.
Data Representation Dashboard The dashboard represents a subset of the data collected for the 31 cities in a format that would give the target audiences a snapshot of the current and future situation in the six areas identified for IUWM in Sub-Saharan African cities. The dashboard has been constructed as follows: