97
8
9 19
9 19
9
9 19
8
0
0 20
1
0 20
3
0 20
4
0 20
1
0 20
g. Nicaragua
2
0 20
d. Costa Rica
5
0 20
6
0 20
8
0 20
2
9 19
4
9 19
6
9 19
8
9 19
0
0 20
0 20
3
0 20
7
6
0 20
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
0
0 20
99
19
9
9 19
1
0 20
02
20
2
0 20
4
0 20
05 20
5
0 20
6
08 20
0 20
8
0 20
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
94 19
96 19
98 19
02 20
i. Uruguay
00 20
f. Mexico
03
20
c. Colombia
04 20
05 20
06 008 20 2
08 20
95 997 998 999 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 19
92 19
97
19
coefficient of variation (for workers’ earnings)
h. Peru
3
0 20
e. El Salvador
0
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0
9 19
b. Chile
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
earnings premiums (basic regressions)
5
0 20
7
0 20
95 96 97 98 99 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
a. Brazil
Source: Authors, based on Gindling and others 2011.
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
Figure 4.12 Comparison of Variation in Real Monthly Earnings to Earnings Premiums for Full-Time Workers with University Complete Education, Selected LAC Countries