Introduction
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Annex IA Summary of the Methodology of the Three Leading International Rankings The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), prepared by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, analyzes 3,000 universities and ranks the top 500 among them. Each institution is given an overall points scale and ranked relative to other institutions. ARWU uses the following indicators: • Quality of education: alumni of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals (10 percent) • Quality of faculty: (a) staff of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals (20 percent) and (b) highly cited researchers in 21 broad subject categories (20 percent) • Research output: (a) papers published in Nature and Science (20 percent); and (b) papers indexed in Science Citation Index-expanded and Social Science Citation Index (20 percent) • Per capita performance: per capita academic performance of an institution (10 percent) (defined as the weighted scores of the other five indicators divided by the number of full-time equivalent academic staff members) Academic Ranking of World Universities, http://www.arwu.org/ARWU2010.jsp. The Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT) ranks 500 universities. An overall score is calculated for each university for each of eight indicators; for each indicator, the university with the highest number receives the maximum points; the other universities’ numbers are subdivided and converted decimally into their respective scores. (HEEACT 2010). The ranking is based on the following indicators: • Research productivity: number of articles in the past 11 years (1998– 2008) (10 percent); number of articles in the current year (10 percent) • Research impact: number of citations in the past 11 years (10 percent) • Number of citations in the past 2 years (10 percent) • Average number of citations in the past 11 years (10 percent) • Research excellence: H-index in the past 2 years (20 percent) • Number of highly cited papers (15 percent) • Number of articles in the current year in highly cited journals (15 percent)