shrimp, 41t, 44t, 67b, 133, 155 Shrimp and Fish Culture Project, 106t shrimp culture, 23–4, 152–3 ecological footprint, 148t guidelines, 99 incomes in Bangladesh, 119t Indonesia, 115 production costs, 164n sustainability, 127, 127f Shrimp Culture Project, 104t silos, 95 site selection, 160 small and medium enterprises (SMEs), 151, 154 smallholders, 63, 70, 120 socioeconomic issues, 158 Songliao Plain Development Project, 105t South Africa, 70, 144t South Australia, 148 Southeast Asia Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC), 10, 133 Southwest Poverty Reduction Project, 105t Spain, 137t species, 8, 17, 41t, 154–5 SPS. See sanitary and phytosanitary Sri Lanka, best practices, 99 stakes, 95 standards, 32, 34–5, 66, 87 fish feed, 43 harmonization of, 127–8 meeting, 90 static model, 58, 59t sterility, 164n stock enhancement, 136t, 146 stocking densities, 160 strategies, 5, 48–9 STREAM Initiative (Support to Regional Aquatic Resources Management), 52b, 133 Sub-Saharan Africa. See Africa subsistence ponds, 149 Sudan, 144t supermarkets, 36t supply. See production surface waters, 159
sustainability, 73b, 75–6, 86–8, 91, 125, 159 drivers, 127–8 environmental degradation, 128b Latin America, 78–81 Sustainable Aquaculture for Poverty Alleviation (SAPA), 125 Sustainable Coastal Resources Development Project, China, 33b, 105t Taiwan, China, 127f, 137t tambaks, 115 tanks, 95 Tanzania, 144t, 151 tariffs, 66, 67, 164n tax exemption, China, 113 Technical Cooperation between Developing Countries Programme (TCDC), 54, 55 technical standards, 66 technology, 4, 40, 60, 61b, 77, 84–5, 164n diffusion, 51 industry transformation, 110 pro-poor, 62b, 120 technology transfer, 49–52, 71, 90, 129–30 Asia, 53–4, 126–30 Bangladesh, 118 diffusion, 54 to poor, 121b tenure, 76 Thailand, 16t, 100, 127f, 136t, 137t tilapia, 19, 37, 44t, 155 tilapia farming, ecological footprint, 148t title protection, 76 Togo, 144t toxins, 31 traceability, 34, 36t trade, 14, 19, 66–7, 82, 90 disputes, 67b, 110 training, 10, 120, 130, 132 transgenic fish, 27 transition pathway, 58, 59t trash fish, 42
INDEX
187