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badly worn, as it is a long, tiresome job if very much grinding is needed. Any flat, hard stone can be used, but the grindstone is suggested as there is usually nothing better at hand. To true a grindstone. Like with the oilstone, this should be done often, so that the stone will not get in bad shape. A piece of wood to serve as a rest is clamped on the frame very close to the stone. A piece of pipe makes the best cutting tool. This is held firmly on the rest and rolled slowly across as the stone turns toward it. The stone should be kept very wet and the grinding should be very slow. Various appliances are made for truing grindstones, but most of them require the use of power to work well. The means described is very simple and effective.
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SAWS.
The term handsaw
is
a name used by manufacturers to
distinguish between saws that are operated by a single workman and those operated by more than one workman or by machine. Since we are describing only the kind of tools used in handwork, the saws of that type will be discussed.
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In describing a saw, three things must be specified the use of the saw, whether crosscut or rip the length of the Made, measured on the cutting edge; and the number of ;
points to the inch. Handsaws are classified by the manufacturers under three headings ^rip, hand, and panel. In the shop the term "crosscut" is usually substituted for handsaw, as it indicates the use of the saw and is less likely to cause mistakes.
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The shape of our saws has been developed after a careful study of the conditions under wtich they ''"' '^'• have to work. A saw must be thick enough and strong enough to stand without bending the force of pushing it, but there must be no unnecessary The blade tapers from the handle to the tip as material. shown in figure 48. The blade is thicker, also, at the handle 134069
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