Spring 2020 | Volume 3: Issue 12
Spring 2020 art s c ultur e
e ve nt s
food
h i sto r y
l i b a ti o n s
mu si c
pe opl e
shops1
Drive to the Highest Peak in the Northeast
MOUNT WASHINGTON Just 25 minutes north of North Conway on Rt. 16 in Pinkham Notch
MtWashingtonAutoRoad.com 603-466-3988
DRIVE YOURSELF
SUMMIT VIEWS
2
ENJOY SHORT HIKES
Located at the base of the Mt. Washington Auto Road, The Glen House hotel offers fine accomodations, an award-winning tavern, and great food at The Notch Grille. Book your stay online at TheGlenHouse.com or call 603-466-3420.MWVvibe.com
Over 300 family-friendly sites that include scenic, lakeside tenting to RV Big Rigs with full hook-up, Danforth Bay Camping & RV Resort of fers an ideal year-round location to enjoy the Lakes Region and White Mountains recreational opportunities, dining and tax-free shopping in North Conway.
Freedom, New Hampshire danforthbay.com | 603.539.2069
In 2020!
Summer Steam Saturdays on Conway Valley trains!
All Aboard!
Choose from the Mountaineer and two Valley train routes
c journey over Crawford Notch.
The Mountaineer offers a supremely sceni
ConwayScenic.com • (603) 356-5251 38 Norcross Circle | North Conway Village
Spring 2020
Excursions from April through December First Class Dining: June-October All trains depart from our 1874 station in the center of North Conway Village. 3
FROM THE EDITOR
FOUNDER/PUBLISHER/CREATIVE Dan Houde dan@wiseguycreative.com MANAGING EDITOR Cam Mirisola-Bynum SALES MANAGER Chris Pacheco ads@mwvvibe.com
DISTRIBUTION / CIRCULATION Mt Washington Valley Vibe is published four times annually and is available for pick-up, free of charge, in over 250 locations throughout the White Mountain Region of New Hampshire and into the communities of Western Maine.
Whether you live in the Mt. Washington Valley region fulltime, part-time, or just visit from time to time, it’s probably safe to assume that getting outdoors has been a priority in your life. At some point, we chose to live or visit this area because spending time in nature was at the top of our essentials list.
Now that we have all been tossed into the uncertainties of 2020, some things are becoming more clear than ever. We’ve been forced to re-evaluate our priorities. Our work life, family life, and social life have changed in ways we never could imagine, and how we may get back to normal is something that only time will answer. But one thing is certain: spending time outdoors has the healing ability we all need more than ever, especially during these times. For many of us the salutary effects of being outdoors during the pandemic have been quite clear, and nothing less than healing. Just to be outside—walking, running, biking, fishing, hiking, or whatever our favorite activity may be—has helped to regain our focus, reduce our stress, and has better prepared us to face our more recent day-to-day challenges. While social distancing can sometimes be a challenge, especially in areas where outdoor space is limited, the beneficial gains from our time spent outdoors, no matter what our level of fitness may be while doing so, is seemingly enormous and essential, no matter where we are able to do so. Please be safe, be smart, and get outdoors wherever you live. Dan Houde dan@wiseguycreative.com
MWV Vibe can also be found in select retail shops, dining establishments, lodging properties, and grocery stores throughout the same area. If your business, or one you know, would like to make MWV Vibe available to customers, please contact us. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted or otherwise reproduced without the written permission of:
Spring 2019 | Volume 2: Issue 8
WISEGUY CREATIVE MEDIA 126 Allens Siding Road, North Conway, NH 03860 Winter 2018/19 a rts
culture
events
food
history
people
s h o p s1
ADVERTISING For advertising, feedback, and subscriptions, call (603) 986-5761 or email info@mwvvibe.com www.mwvvibe.com
SUBSCRIPTIONS & BACK-ORDERS: mwvvibe.com/subscribe 4
MWVvibe.com
DON’T MISS A SINGLE ISSUE OF VIBE MWV Vibe is printed quarterly and makes a great gift for those who love, or live away from the Valley! SUBSCRIPTIONS & BACK-ORDERS An annual subscription is just $32, and single or past copies are $10 (includes postage) TO SUBSCRIBE: • Visit www.vibe.com/subscribe • Email info@mwvvibe.com • Mail a check to 126 Allens Siding Rd, North Conway, NH 03860
Help us send good Vibes to family or friends out of the Valley!
Spring 2020
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SPRING 2020 • CONTENTS 14 - CHOCORUA LAKE CONSERVANCY 32 - CSAS AND FARMERS MARKETS
Kristina Folcik photo
46 - ALDER FLIES ON THE ANDRO
Courtesy Photo
Rick Estes Photo
FEATURES 14 CHOCORUA, PAST TO FUTURE
By Juno Lamb
20 WHITE MOUNTAIN BREWS & NEWS
By Joe Russo
24 GARDENING WITH THE BIRDS & THE BEES
By Jordon Hewson
28 TOP 10 TIPS TO ATTRACT MORE HUMMINGBIRDS
46 ALDER FLIES ON THE ANDROSCOGGIN RIVER
32 SUSTAINING LOCAL FARMS
52 FACING CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE WHITE MOUNTAINS
By Bill Thompson By Lori Steere
40 LOCAL FARMS BATTLING CHANGING WEATHER
By Olivia Saunders
By Dominic Lentini
By Brian Fitzgerald and Eric Kelsey
60 REMICK COUNTRY DOCTOR MUSEUM & FARM
by Lauren Clem
REGULAR DEPARTMENTS 8-9 EVENTS 10 WHITE MOUNTAIN MUSIC 12 REAL ESTATE CORNER 13 LOCAL BOOK REVIEW 30 VIEW FROM THE FARM 66 HISTORY - DID YOU KNOW?
ON THE VIBE COVER Wild flame azalea blooms along the banks of Lake Chocorua at sunset. Wiseguy Creative Photography Camera: Nikon D750 1/13 sec; f/16; ISO 400 Lens: Tamron 15.0-30.0 mm f/2.8
39 ANSWERS TO THE SPRING CROSSWORD: FARMTIME BRAINTEASER beehive berry bounty buyingpower collaboration community compost
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csa farmersmarkets flavor foodsystem fresh fruit gathering
grassfed greens harvest irrigation local mwveg networking
organic pastured permaculture pollinators roots seasonal tuber vendor
MWVvibe.com
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS & PHOTOGRAPHERS Lauren Clem, Madison Lauren has spent her weekends and vacations in the Valley for as long as she can remember. She enjoys meeting the people who make the area tick and any story that requires her to put on her hiking boots. When she’s not exploring the White Mountains, she writes for a local newspaper in her home state of Rhode Island.
Eric Kelsey, Holderness Eric lives in Holderness with his wife and three daughters. An NH native, Eric loves hiking, Nordic and alpine skiing, camping, studying the weather, playing sports, gardening, and just about anything outdoors or on ice. Eric worked parttime as an on-air weather forecaster while he was in college in Columbia, Missouri.
Bernadette Donohue, Fryeburg, ME Bernie’s love of adventure, beauty, and people started her 35-plus-year real estate career. Creator of MWV Photo Contest/ Calendars for Charities and Hands of HOPE, cancer survivor banner, she continues to dedicate herself to bettering the lives of others with her positivity. Her favorite role is mother of three.
Juno Lamb, Tamworth Juno Lamb is a writer, interdisciplinary artist, and community facilitator, and director of programming & outreach for the Chocorua Lake Conservancy. She has been a resident of New Hampshire for much of her life, with roots here that go back to the 1630s along one branch of the family tree.
Olivia Saunders, North Conway Olivia works for UNH Cooperative Extension in the Food & Agriculture Program as a field specialist. Olivia founded the Winni Bee Club and is the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) state coordinator for NH. Her interests lie in organic production, soil and organic matter management, beekeeping, and assisting beginner farmers.
Jordan Hewson, Bartlett Jordon Hewson of Designed Gardens, has brought her love of all things floral with her two flower-filled companies, Designed Gardens and the new Designed Gardens Flower Studio in North Conway Village. Jordon has enjoyed garden coaching and teaching workshops in the greenhouse at the studio, and loves watching the community embrace the horticulture side of the Valley.
Brian Fitzgerald, North Conway Brian is the director of science & education for Mount Washington Observatory. As a former weather observer for MWO and naturalist for AMC, he can be found marveling at mountains and clouds in his free time. Brian, his wife Stephanie, and their son Cameron live in North Conway.
Marlies Ouwinga, Brownfield, ME Marlies is living her very best life hidden away in the mountains of Brownfield, Maine with her husband, two boys, and three dogs. Working at Stone Mountain Arts Center since 2006, Marlies turns to writing to air out her mind on a regular basis.
INTERESTED IN JOINING THE VIBE TEAM?
Our writers, researchers, and photographers are the key to the success of MWV Vibe. If you reside locally or have ties to the Valley and would like to offer your creative talents, please contact us at info@mwvvibe.com.
Spring 2020
Dominic Lentini, North Conway Having grown up in the Mt. Washington Valley, Dominic lives for fish and rocks. A writer and content manager at Drive Brand Studio, you can catch him fly fishing and climbing boulders around the Northeast in his free time. Joe Russo, Jackson Joe is the current Cask Ale Brewer at Sea Dog Brewing Company in North Conway and also works packaging at The Moat Mountain Brewing Company’s production facility. As an avid homebrewer and a beekeeper—be careful—he will talk you ear off about either. Lori Steere, North Conway Lori is a front yard gardener, health coach, and raw chocolatier at local farmers’ markets. She teaches cooking, workshops on brewing kombucha, the art of lacto fermentation, medicinal dandelion wine, and healthy fuel for athletes. Heather Corrigan, North Conway Originally a flatlander, Heather has called the White Mountains home for almost a decade now. She enjoys throwing herself down mountains, hiking up them, and exploring the natural beauty of the outdoors. She spends time reading, listening to music, and taking too many pictures of her cat. Stowell Watters, Limington, ME Stowell lives with his family in Limington, ME, and runs Old Wells Farm. They focus on growing the best organic food possible and his writing has appeared in publications such as The Maine Organic Farmer & Gardener. Additional Contributers - Jesse Wright, writer/research - Ryan Daniel, photography - Joe Klementovich, photography 7
SPRING 2020 EVENTS There’s nothing quite like springtime in the Mt. Washington Valley! We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of this information. However, please call ahead to confirm dates, times, location, and other information. New Hampshire Appreciation Day • Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm Saturday, June 20 • 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. Explore the extensive historic grounds, meet the animals, see a machine-milking demonstration, and take part in activities and modern-day farm chores. Learn about the two country doctors whose medical practice was located onsite, tour their original doctors’ office, and learn about early medicine. Bring a picnic and enjoy the day. www.remickmuseum.org • (603) 323-7591 Conway Scenic Railroad • Father’s Day Weekend! Saturday and Sunday, June 20 & 21; trains at 10:30 a.m., 1:30 and 3:30 p.m. All trains to Conway. Enjoy family-fun activities at the end of the line in Conway, including barrel and motor car rides for kids, excavator challenge for adults. Free for children under age 4, in Coach class. Well-behaved dogs are always welcome. Trains board at the Victorian railway station at 38 Norcross Circle in North Conway village. www.conwayscenic.com • (603) 356-5251
HOSTING RACES & RUNNING/COACHING CLINICS
Restaurant Week • Settlers Green & Settlers Crossing June 1 – 7 • Daily Prepare to indulge! The 2nd Annual Restaurant Week at Settlers Green and Settlers Crossing is happening June 1 – 7. Experience special menus at Barley & Salt, Black Cap Grille, and FIRE by Wicked Fresh. Plus, daily specials, culinary collaborations, featured food products, drink specials, and entertainment. www.settlersgreen.com/restaurantweek • (603) 356-7031 Light Up Pride • Settlers Green June 1 – 30 • Daily For the entire month of June, Settlers Green Streetside is illuminated in rainbow colors. Shop special Pride Collections at Michael Kors and many more. Grab dinner and drinks with friends on the patio at Barley & Salt and watch Settlers Green light up with pride every night, June 1– 30. www.settlersgreen.com • (603) 356-7031 Conway Scenic Railroad • Murder Mystery Dinner Train Saturday and Sunday, June 6 & 13, October 23, 24, 30, 31 The CSRR presents a first-class evening of fabulous food, superior service, and entertaining dinner theater aboard the elegant dining cars, Hattie Evans or the Rhonda Lee. Passengers can participate as much or as little as they like in the tongue-in-cheek humor and zany antics that will keep everyone on their toes as they work the clues to determine the killer on board. www.conwayscenic.com • (603) 356-5251 Seek the Peak • Mount Washington Observatory Friday and Saturday, July 17 & 18 This summer is the 20th anniversary of the fundraiser, Seek the Peak. What is ordinarily a hiking extravaganza with large gatherings will now be a virtual experience. The celebration will be a collective of hikes shared online by participants across nation. For more information, and to register for your virtual Seek the Peak experience, visit the event online. www.mountwashington.org • (603) 356-2137
TAKE 10% OFF
Any Rockhopper race entry: code MWVIBE (603) 323-0003 • RockHopperRaces.com 8
Anthem Sunrise Ascent on Mount Washington • Mt. Washington Auto Road • Sunday, August 2 This unique event is a fundraiser for Adaptive Sports Partners of the North Country (ASPNC). Before sunrise, teams ascend the Auto Road, determined to reach the 6,288-foot summit of Mount Washington. Each team includes an adaptive athlete and “mules” who help an athlete needing assistance or accompany an independent athlete as he or she climbs the 7.6 miles to the summit. www.adaptivesportspartners.org/sunriseascent
MWVvibe.com
COMMUNITY EVENT By Jaimie Crawford Valley Pride Day Cleaning a Community—Changing a Generation What does the Mt. Washington Valley community look forward to each spring? Cleaning the Valley! On the first Saturday of May for the last 20 years, residents and businesses excitedly anticipate this event: Valley Pride Day. This event centers around 28 communities coming together to beautify their towns and take pride in the areas in which they live. Valley Pride Day connects a string of towns that stretch from Courtesy photo the north, all the way up to Twin Mountain, running through North Conway and surrounding towns, heading west to the Lakes Region and traversing over to western Maine towns. Created by valley local, Donna Woodward, Valley Pride Day was originally created to solve the problem of littered town roads. An issue that thoroughly irked Woodward, she was encouraged by local business leaders into action. In 2000, Woodward created the inaugural event. Twenty years later, this event has transformed into something bigger than just picking up trash. It’s a day that rallies neighbors, friends, and families to spend the day as a collective community getting down to the roots of why residents are all so proud to call the Mt. Washington Valley home. A typical Valley Pride Day begins with individuals or teams committing to cleaning a portion of the Valley. Volunteers are stationed at hot spots throughout each town to hand out gloves, trash and recycling bags, and water. Trash pick-up takes place during the first part of the day and then concludes at the Hampton Inn for a BBQ and live music. Over the years, Valley Pride Day has grown as businesses and town leaders have been inspired by Donna’s commitment to beautifying the Mt. Washington Valley. Valley Original restaurants have donated food for the annual BBQ, businesses have given away prizes to volunteers, North Conway Incinerator and Rob Clark, owner of The RecycleMobile, have donated time and resources in helping collect the trash picked up by volunteers— and the list goes on. Valley Pride Day has truly turned into an event that encompasses residents and businesses as well. What’s even more gratifying about this event, is that its reach has spilled over to surrounding communities such as Portland, Maine. Portland-based fishermen have called Donna asking for a blueprint on how to conduct their own version of this event to clean up shores of Maine beaches. Valley Pride Day also grew to include an outreach program that brought Donna into schools to talk with students on the importance of trash pick-up and respecting the environment. Looking back on 20 years of trash pick-up, Donna can see a shift in the cleanliness of the roads, not just on Valley Pride Day, but throughout the year. Going beyond this tangible measureSpring 2020
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Courtesy photo
ABOVE: Members of the National Honor Society from Kennett High School joined forces to help cleanup parts of Intervale in last year’s Valley Pride Day. LOWER: The banks of the Saco River on River Road in North Conway were in good hands with these two young litter picker-uppers in 2019.
ment of success though, most gratifying to her are the phone calls Donna receives from parents. They comment on their children’s new-found passion for picking up litter and doing their part to keep the Earth clean. That is change at its best. Donna started this wanting to alleviate the litter on the roads. What she ended up doing was inspiring an entire generation of people to come together and change the way they view their hometown, and importantly, their place in it. She emboldened a community to take pride in something bigger than themselves. Due to the COVID-19 situation, 2020 Valley Pride Day has been changed to meet public health safety and precautions. While there will be no public gathering, volunteers may make arrangements with their town for limited supplies or use their own. Volunteers are asked to dress with bright colors and consider wearing self-provided masks and gloves. Please do not leave trash bags along the roadside but take to your own transfer station, according to your town’s current rules. For updates and information on Valley Pride Day, check the Valley Pride Day Facebook page or www.fryeburgbusiness.com, www.mtwashingtonvalley.org, or www.conwaynh.org. You can also email Donna at donnawbe@gmail.com or call (207) 441-8170. 9
WHITE MOUNTAIN MUSIC By Marlies Ouwinga
Listen to the Music It’s finally spring—and it’s lovely. A day of glorious sunshine in a season that promises fresh starts and fresh breezes. And yet, in 2020 we are experiencing a world of unpredictability. Like the weather, the energy in spring shifts hot to cold, green peeking out, yet snow in the forecast—add to it a world grappling with a new normal of lockdowns and curfews—and in like a lion and out
Carol is absolutely wonderful! She was knowledgeable, respectful, professional, and efficient. I would highly recommend Carol to my family and friends.
Western Maine Lakes & Mountains Carol Chaffee, REALTOR® www.carolchaffee.com (207) 240-1641 • Fryeburg, ME
like a lamb no longer seems the norm. Yes, as I write this, we are in uncharted territory. Unsure. Shaken up. Unsettled. But there is beauty in this new season. A silver lining (come on folks, we really need one!) of humanity pulling together. The list is long: looking out for elderly, for those immune compromised, community outreach from institutions to individuals. Schools and celebrities, sports stars, and the average human making sure children get food; helping our community of small tourism-centric businesses by ordering take out, buying gift certificates, tickets for events we know will come. Because through this all, is the hope for a bright future. In the midst of it all there are lessons to remember: find the helpers, and if I may … listen to the music. I’ve written before of the proven psychological benefits of turning on the stereo. Music is proven to soothe an anxious mind, to energize, to bring one to tears, and then to one’s feet. Music elicits strong emotions. Yes, that includes sadness—a good cry is therapeutic sometimes, so have at it!— but also joy and calm, and most importantly, gives each of us a soundtrack of hope. Music is the ultimate universal language that brings us together in good times, and in bad; in war and in peace; through songs of mourning, and in times of celebration. The world has seen the Italians, in the midst of the worst of their pandemic lockdown, join voices singing and cheering from their balconies. I don’t know the language, don’t understand the words, but I recognize the beauty and the emotion, the strength of solidarity—their message of hope and support of each other. It’s a message to the world that we may not be physically together, but we are not alone. Musicians around the world recognize the power of their trade. Many have turned to the internet to stream live performances of songs of love, courage, and comfort, reflecting a spirit of resilience—and humor. Neil Diamond has recorded his hit “Sweet Caroline” with new lyrics for hand washing. And numerous parodies have sprung up, taking social media by storm. From Bon Jovi to Yo-Yo Ma to John Legend, online concerts are happening daily. And the online karaoke? Takes dancing like
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no one is watching to a whole new level! “In these days of anxiety, I wanted to find a way to continue to share some of the music that gives me comfort,” Yo-Yo Ma says. Let’s take a cue from the experts. Wade through that collection of CDs (yes, some of us still have CDs hangin around), and vinyl and dredge up some old YouTubes of favorites long forgotten. Music can lift you up and take you on a nostalgic ride through time, lifting you out of the present circumstance with a soulful smile or high-energy boost in the butt! I forgot how fun “Stairway to Heaven” can be cranked up in my kitchen. God knows I was a loud music lover, and that hasn’t changed. In fact, now is the time to TURN IT UP. ‘Cause it may be calming when you need it, but it’s empowering, inspiring, and something we can always count on. Elton, Bruce, Blondie, Mavis. Rise Up. We can still open the windows, let the fresh air in. One of best harbingers of springtime is an open window that lets in the sounds of life: neighbors talking over the hedge, kids riding down the street on their bikes, yelling to one another to catch up or slow down, the lilting chirp of birdsong, the girl across the way practicing violin, or the hippie
Music can lift you up and take you on a nostalgic ride through time, lifting you out of the present circumstance with a soulful smile or high-energy boost in the butt! Boomer jamming out to Led Zeppelin in her kitchen, tunes cranked so the neighborhood can dance along if they want to. These are the sounds of resilience, love, and laughter drifting over the breezes that will eventually help us move on with our lives. Remind yourself, your family, your friend—your mind—that this, too, shall pass. We will be forever changed—and that may turn out to be even bettter than okay. Time will tell. The music will go on. Listen to the Music Don’t you feel it growin’, day by day People gettin’ ready for the news Some are happy, some are sad Woah, we gotta let the music play What the people need is a way to make ‘em smile It ain’t so hard to do if you know how Gotta get a message, get it on through Oh, now mama don’t you ask me why Woah, oh, listen to the music – The Doobie Brothers A note: It’s a tough time for our friends in the touring world right now. Gatherings, tours, live shows are postponed as we move through this time—but they will be back. Please help support them by purchasing tickets to future shows, buy CDs, and most importantly, listen to the music.
Spring 2020
Hosting national acts in the foothills of the White Mountains in an intimate timber-frame barn. Serving dinner by reservation before concerts. Open year round. Booking weddings and functions, too!
OUR CALENDAR FOR 2020! CHECK ONLINE FOR UPDATES & ADDITIONS
We can’t wait to see you all again!
July 17 July 24 & 25 July 30 Aug. 1 Aug. 8 Aug. 11 & 12 Aug. 14 Aug. 15 Aug. 19 & 20 Aug. 25 & 26 Aug. 28
The Quebe Sisters Natalie MacMaster & Donnell Leahy Ruthie Foster Stone Mountain Anniversary Show Judith Owen Mary Chapin Carpenter Paula Poundstone John Gorka Ladysmith Black Mambazo Judy Collins Johnny Nicholas, Cindy Cashdollar, John Sebastian Sept. 11 Kathy Mattea Sept. 13 Los Lobos Sept. 15 Jeff Daniels Sept. 18 John Hiatt & Jerry Douglass Sept. 19 Don Campbell Band Sept. 25 Session Americana Oct. 1 Bob Marley Oct 2. Dar Williams Oct. 9 Kat Edmondson Oct. 11 Capitol Steps Oct. 13 Rickie Lee Jones Oct. 18 Freddy & Francine - FREE SHOW Oct. 30 Jonathan Edwards Oct. 31 Mike Farris Nov. 5 Bob Marley Nov. 6 WOR Nov. 13 Le Vent du Nord Nov. 19 Jake Shimabukuro Nov. 20 Glen Phillips & Chris Barron Dec. 5 Carol & Dana Cunningham at Little White Church Dec. 18 & 19 Stone Mountain Live Christmas Show
StoneMountainArtsCenter.com Just 15 minutes from North Conway (207) 935-7292 • Dugway Road, Brownfield, ME 11
REAL ESTATE CORNER By Bernadette Donohue A Calculated Risk Arch. Look. Reach. Pull. Check. Check ... I’ve never in my life forgotten these six important words that were ingrained into my head one evening, before my first jump. Being a college student at the time and feeling rather invincible, I was excited to experience the thrill of jumping out of an airplane. Along with nine others, we arrived the night before at a small airport where the instructors educated us on what to expect, informed us about what could go wrong, and how to prepare ourselves in case they did. Knowing the risks made the decision an even bigger and more intentional commitment, but off we went the next morning with chutes packed by professionals—people who we didn’t really know, but would have to trust with our lives, if we were going to make the jump. Sitting on the edge of the plane’s open door at 3,000 feet in the air, hooked only by a static line, the next step was absolutely the biggest and the scariest decision I have ever made in my life. For me, there was no free fall, nor was there a tandem professional attached to guide me on this journey back to solid ground. What took my breath away–wasn’t the rush of adrenaline–but the journey itself. In the slow three-minute descent, I found awe and gratitude in the stillness, the unbelievable views, and connection with nature as I floated back to earth. A few minutes later, I had a stark realization: my actual glide-ratio was not going to allow me to soar over the stand of pine trees that I was fast approaching. Once looking soft and distant, they now grew closer and harsher—as was the tough lesson I may soon be learning (one I may never recover from). As I was resolving in my head when I should start to “prepare for tree landing” (one of the many discussions from the night before), I heard the bullhorn from the instructor on
If all goes well and according to plan, you can expect a soft landing, especially if you are well prepared with the proper guidance to land on your feet. the ground saying, “JUMPER, LEFT TOGGLE 90 DEGREES!” Grateful for this voice of reason reminding me I did have another option, I turned and landed in the field in front of the trees. After my practiced five-point roll to spread out the impact, I got back on my feet, dusted myself off, and received my first jump certificate which ironically said, “Excellent Canopy Control.” This experience has been a guiding principle in my life, helping me with many decisions, challenges, and opportunities. Buying a home, especially your first, can also be scary. To do so, you are put in the position of trusting professionals so you’ll gain the proper knowledge, and to “pack your bag” with education and tools to guide you towards homeownership. Once you make the decision that you do want to own a home, you will have to arch into it yourself. You will then need to look around for neighbor-
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hoods, homes, and professionals—real estate agents—that you are willing to trust throughout the process. Next, you will have to reach for the property you want that’s within both your comfort and affordability range before pulling the ripcord by making an offer. After the property is under contract, you will still be able to check your decision by making sure the home is in satisfactory condition through various inspections, as well as other due-diligence contingencies. The lender will also require additional checks, such as appraisal to confirm value, and title search to make sure the property meets their calculated risk standards. Ultimately, however, the journey will be yours to enjoy. If all goes well and according to plan, you can expect a soft landing, especially if you are well prepared with the proper guidance to land on your feet. If you do, however, experience obstacles along the way, having professionals there to remind you how and when to pivot and regain control, when life throws you unplanned winds, will help you to land safely. Of course, picking your time to fly is equally important, so be sure to look for favorable conditions. There will always be some uncertainty in the world, as seen in the winds of change we are experiencing these days—providing both opportunities as well as obstacles. When you are ready, remember to take control by working with professionals who will help you direct your chute in a direction that will uplift you and bring you to a safe and secure landing. While you enjoy the process, remember that life is about the journey! Bernadette Donohue is a seasoned professional, helping buyers and sellers with their real estate needs for the past 35 years. Bernie works for Badger Realty in North Conway, NH, where she has dedicated her career and lifestyle to serving clients and the community with the heart of a mother. Bernie can be reached at (207) 5429967, Bernie@BadgerRealty.com, or (603) 356-5757 ext. 310.
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LOCAL BOOK REVIEW By Laura Cummings, White Birch Books Almost, Maine is the book we need right now. Fall in Love this Spring with Almost, Maine So far north that it’s almost not in the United States anymore—it’s almost in Canada. And it almost doesn’t exist because the residents never actually got it organized, it’s just … Almost. There is one road and you can go one direction and it’s called the Road to Somewhere; or take the other direction and it’s the Road to Nowhere. Not many people live there and not much happens there. But on one cold, clear Friday night in the middle of winter,
to her dead husband who she may or may not have killed. There’s Chad and Randy, best friends who are ridiculously unlucky in love, getting together to share their latest bad date stories, only to realize that maybe, just maybe, they’ve been looking for love in the wrong place all along. And then there is Jimmy, with his misspelled tattoo which may or may not be a sign of providence. And there are more. These stories are funny, they are sad, they are beautiful, they are ridiculous, and they are very real. The thread through them all is that on this particular cold, clear Friday night, everyone decides to be courageous and to take heart and dig deep and tell the real truth and be their true selves. Cariani grew up in Maine, so he gets the northern New England experience—poking fun without making fun. There are many references to the temperature being a mild 19 degrees and hanging out at the snowmobile club. Most of the characters have lived in town all their lives and the one person who seems to be “from away” shows up in a taxi and is foolishly wearing high heels. This book can be read in one sitting, or it can be parsed out and read one story at a time, following Ginette down that long road as we peer into windows, bars, trucks, backyards, and the hearts and minds of the residents of Almost, Maine … and fall in love right along with them. As spring finds its way here in the Mt. Washington Valley, lighten up your days even more with this wonderful read and maybe even be inspired to make your big move, right along with the people of Almost, Maine.
This book can be read in one sitting, or it can be parsed out and read one story at a time, following Ginette down that long road as we peer into windows, bars, trucks, backyards, and the hearts and minds of the residents of Almost, Maine … and fall in love right along with them. with the Northern Lights in the background, a lot happens. And it is good. Based on the popular play of the same name, Almost, Maine is written by John Cariani, a Tony-award nominated actor and playwright. This is his first book. Almost, Maine is a series of interconnected stories, but opens with Ginette and Pete, two teenagers in the first blush of love. On this strange wondrous night, when amazing things did or didn’t happen, they are finally able to put words to their feelings, but just at the pinnacle of their happiness, their teen awkwardness separates them. As Ginette walks home, baffled by what has just occurred, the reader gets a glimpse into the various lives she passes along the way. There’s East, the lifelong bachelor, who finds a woman camping in his defunct potato fields. She’s come to say goodbye Spring 2020
Laura Cummings owns and operates White Birch Books, an independent, full-service bookstore serving the Mt. Washington Valley and beyond.
Celebrating 25 years! (603) 356-3200
PO Box 399 • 2568 White Mt Hwy North Conway Village, NH 03860 Just south of the park
info@whitebirchbooks.com www.whitebirchbooks.com 13
WiseguyCreative.com photo
CHOCORUA’S BRIDGE FROM PAST TO FUTURE In the 21st Century, a Local Land Trust Stewards Land and Community By Juno Lamb
A
spring morning on the cedar-railed Narrows Bridge that divides Chocorua Lake from the Little Lake, in Chocorua, NH. Across the lake, the lower flanks of Mount Chocorua are painted with the intense green of newly leafed-out trees. The upper reaches of the mountain shade from gray-brown to blue up to its granite point. Behind and to the west, the undulating line of the Sandwich Range is a paler blue against a cloud-strewn sky. Along the shore, tall evergreens crowd the lake edge. In the circle of their embrace, the water on this still morning contains a perfect
reflection—upside down—of trees, mountain, and sky, so that the lake, like the sky above, is strewn with clouds. It’s not here by chance, this tranquil view across a shallow lake with undeveloped, wooded shores, no house in sight, to the famous mountain tipped in bare rock. These shores remain wooded, the water of the lake oligotrophic (pristine, ideal for swimming and fishing), the land and trails around the lake protected and stewarded, and 40 percent of the shoreline accessible to the public—more than any other New Hampshire lake excluding state parks, at no cost to visitors or to local or state taxpayers—all because of a small and hardworking land trust, the Chocorua Lake Conservancy, or CLC. “Land and water stewards since 1968,” their tagline says, and now, in 2020, the CLC owns close to 1,000 acres, including much of the shoreline,
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mycophiles explore the trails, fields, and wetlands, as do others who seek the solace of the noisy quiet we find in natural places—the cheeps and chirps of bird song, and buzzing bees, and wind shushing through the trees. In the winter, ice fisherman come, and skaters, and cross-country skiers, and one weekend a year, weather permitting, lake and woods resound with the excited barks of sled dogs. The two parent organizations that merged to become the CLC in 2014 were formed in 1968 to fulfil the vision of earlier generations around the lake: that human activities should not alter the natural beauty and splendor of the Chocorua Lake Basin.
By the 1950s, it had became clear that tradition and intention alone were not enough to protect the lake from the pressures of development. Landowners realized that long-standing practices needed to be formalized into binding agreements, and over a handful of years they worked together to place much of the land in the Lake Basin under conservation covenant— all in a time before email. It’s not here by chance, this tranquil view across a shallow lake with undeveloped, wooded shores, no house in sight, to the famous mountain tipped in bare rock. It’s because of a small and hardworking land trust, the Chocorua Lake Conservancy, or CLC. and holds conservation easements on 3,000 more, comprising nearly all of the Lake Basin as well as land along the river that feeds into the lake. Chocorua Lake, and the Lake Basin, are beloved and iconic. A view of the lake and mountain graces the U.S. quarter honoring the White Mountains. Thousands of visitors stop every year to take photographs from the Basin View Lot at the top of the hill—recently protected by the CLC to ensure that people will have access to that view, and a safe place to park, in perpetuity—and from the Narrows Bridge with its rustic CLC-built and maintained railings, the site of many marriages and celebrations. In summer, locals and visitors alike swim, kayak, fish, listen for loons, and catch glimpses of the eagles that nest on the lake’s northern edge. Birders, wildflower enthusiasts, and Spring 2020
The roots of the CLC go back further than that, though, to the conservation pioneers who bought up much of the land around the lake in the late 19th century, and who, through their commitment to protect the Lake Basin, inspired the generations that followed. And perhaps they even go back to the infamous lakeshore murder of 1876 (see sidebar on the following page). If the irascible Sylvester Cone hadn’t been so quick on the draw, the Chocorua Lake Basin might look entirely different today. And the land—the land was here long before then. Early colonists landing in Portsmouth and other coastal towns made their way north to settle the area. They clear-cut dense forests to make fields and built stone walls that recent LiDAR (light detection and ranging) imagery shows us run dead straight and dead parallel across land that is anything but regular. Over time, a body of literature grew up, depicting in various forms the legend of a fictitious Native American “Chief” Chocorua, for whom the mountain and lake are said to take their name. In “Chocorua Redux: Revisionist History of a Name,” independent scholar Mary Ellen Lepionka explains that these legends are neither rooted in history nor logical to what we know of Algonquian, or more locally, Abenaki tradition. Her best guess, based on known etymology and practices, is that the name Chocorua probably means “Home of the Water Serpent.” “It would have been extremely important to Native people living in the Tamworth valley to have a water serpent on the mountain to propitiate,” she says. “Ancestors of the people living on the Saco River, or those who were here before them, most likely named the mountain for the spiritual guardian of its headwaters.”
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Kristina Folcik photo
Chocorua was chosen to represent the White Mountains in the America the Beautiful Quarters® Program.
Indigenous people were here for thousands of years before the colonists arrived, making use of almost everything the natural world offered as sources of food or medicine, traveling to the coast to trade or gather nourishing seaweed, fish, and shellfish. And earlier still, more than 14,000 years ago, a mile of glacial ice sat over this whole area. As it receded northward, geologist Rick Allmendinger tells us, it left a lake that for a time was far longer and deeper than it is today. Now it is today, the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century. The climate is changing in ways that will affect the land and water we care for, and our way of life in this region, perhaps
Area residents and visitors enjoy four seasons of recreation here, from a late March pre-ice-out dip to a winter moonlit skate.
opposing or contradictory pressures in order to stay true to its mission of protecting the natural resources of the Lake Basin, maintaining lands for public access, and developing a community of support. It monitors lake water regularly and has worked to protect the lake from Route 16 runoff, as in the award-winning Berms & Swales project in 2001. It maintains public access areas to protect them from the wear and tear of human use, and to keep them clean and welcoming through the busy seasons. And it stewards the lands it owns with an eye toward adaptation to, and mitigation of, the effects of climate change. According to Professor Cameron Wake of UNH, who spoke recently at a
And so, the CLC remains hardworking, balancing sometimes opposing or contradictory pressures in order to stay true to its mission of protecting the natural resources of the Lake Basin, maintaining lands for public access, and developing a community of support. not as quickly or dramatically as the lives of people in island nations or areas of rapid desertification, but in ways we can’t fully predict. While we can’t see the future, we can do our best to anticipate these changes and to support the resilience of the land, the water systems the land contains, and the communities—plant, animal, and human—that form the ecosystem of this place. And so, the CLC remains hardworking, balancing sometimes
CLC event, these will include hotter summers, warmer winters, more intense heavy rain events, and longer periods of drought in between, all of which have implications for lake water quality, for the ability of invasive plants to damage native ecosystems, for the spread of insects damaging native trees, for trail sustainability, and more. The third prong of the CLC’s mission is developing a community of support. The organization is too small to do its work
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Kristina Folcik photo
Juno Lamb photo
Juno Lamb photo
Juno Lamb photo
The Lake Basin’s endowments include culture, nurture, and nature, from the glowing cedar railings rebuilt in 2011 to replicate a historic design from an early 1900s photo and the annual Parade of Lights, to students learning to be scientists, baby snapping turtles, and fungi of many colors.
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HOW A MURDER AT CHOCORUA LAKE HELPED PROTECT ITS SHORES Some say that the Chocorua Lake Conservancy, the land trust that cares for Chocorua Lake, preserves and stewards much of the Lake Basin, and provides and maintains public access to the lake shore, would not exist if not for a 19th century landowner’s hatred of skinny dipping ... and a cruel murder.
As the story is told ... A sweltering day, August, 1876, the sun pulsing in a bleachedblue sky. Two sets of brothers, sticky with sweat and itchy with hay dust after a morning of haymaking, stop for a cool dip on their way home. Sylvester Cone, who owns 100 acres on the shore of the lake, has a temper—his neighbors don’t like or trust him. He warns the boys off, and then shoots and Chocorua Lake Crankie artists. kills the poor fellow left tending the horses by the road, who hasn’t even had a chance yet to shed his clothing and bathe in the restorative waters of the lake. In prison for his crime, Cone defaults on his mortgage, and the property is bought by two Bostonians who go on to purchase 85 percent of the lakeshore, and who become pioneers in the conservation movement, inspiring the unwritten agreements that landowners follow for nearly a century—inspiring, ultimately, the formation of the CLC.
HIKING, EDUCATION, TOPOGRAPHY, TRAIL PLOTTING Chocorua Map • iOS: Free • 4.7 stars www.chocorualake.org/chocorua-map-app
The CLC recently released an iPhone/iPad app which uses an exquisitely detailed shaded relief base map created with LiDAR elevation points spaced every one meter (3.3 ft). All of the publicly-accessible trails in the region are shown as tappable traces that not only reveal the trail name and length, but also shows the hiker how far they have come and how much farther they have to go. Users can add their own points of interest and photos, and the app is self-contained so doesn’t need consistent cell service. The app is free to download for iOS devices (not yet for available for Android) and is not supported by any advertising.
Latest update: Ver 121.6 (February 2020) • 121 MB This app is for educational purposes only and should not be used as a sole source of navigation. Developed by Richard Allmendinger.
without volunteers. Until 2016 it was an entirely volunteer organization, and now, with a full-time stewardship director and a couple of part-time employees, it remains volunteer-led and reliant on volunteers for much of its physical work: spreading wood chips to prevent erosion of the lake edge in highly trafficked areas, planting fruiting shrubs to improve habitat for birds and animals, weeding and mulching those shrubs each year so that they can thrive, engaging in the relentless work of keeping invasive plants from overtakThe novel, “Look ing native to the Mountain,” species and was published in 1942 and is destroying habthe story of two itat. Stewardyoung settlers ship days from who journey to the area in the spring to fall foothills of Mount are an opportu“Coruway” in the nity for locals 1760s. The book received critical and visitors to acclaim and was help sustain a nominated for the Pulitzer Prize. place they love, and to work together in community, and outdoors in nature, while doing so. CLC educational events are designed to help people connect with and learn more about the natural world, of which humans are a part with outsized power—even more than beavers!—to alter landscapes for both good and ill. And sometimes the CLC just celebrates, as at summer’s end when people from all over gather on the Narrows Bridge to watch the more-than-half-a-centuryold Parade of Lights. Dozens of boats bedecked with lanterns of all shapes, sizes, and colors make their way out to the center of the lake at dusk, circling in forma-
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tion as the sky darkens, the mountain grows dim, stars come out overhead, and the lantern lights appear to brighten, their reflections large and wavering in the ripples that extend out from each boat to meet and dance. Human eyes have borne witness to this place for thousands of years. In our brief moment, the CLC strives to honor this magical place, to protect and maintain it so that generations to come will be able to find beauty and respite here, as we have.
Visit chocorualake.org to learn more about the work of the CLC, to read Mary Ellen Lepionka’s “Chocorua Redux,” to read David Little’s longer version of the 1876 murder, to learn the history of trails in the area and download a trail map, to read about the natural history of the area, to find out about upcoming events, to join our e-news list, to donate or volunteer, and more. If you enjoy Chocorua Lake and the Lake Basin, please consider becoming a member of the Chocorua Lake Conservancy.
Four seasons of healthful, farm-fresh experiences. Seasonal Highlights 2020
Join in this summer for stewardship days, nature explorations on land and water, presentations, and workshops. Facebook: Chocorua Lake Conservancy Instagram: @chocorualakeconservancy Chocorua Lake Conservancy PO Box 105, Chocorua, NH 03817 (603) 323-6252
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By Joe Russo
WHAT’S NEW IN THE BREW SCENE
The Latest Thirst-Quenchers in the Valley
When I was asked to write the beer and brewing section for Vibe’s spring issue, my first response was, “Why me?” A logical question, since I don’t consider myself a writer and I am new to the brewing scene. Then it evolved into, “Why not me?” After all, I have a passion for craft beer that is hard to match. I dive into things head-first and I am not afraid to take a chance. So, here we are. Like a lot of people, I grew up drinking the massproduced lagers, and eventually tried a Sierra Nevada Pale Ale. Wow, the flavor was completely foreign, yet it blew me away. I wasn’t sure if I even liked it, but I tried it again … and again. This new style of beer had me hooked, so I tried some of the other craft brews hitting the market. I eventually fell in love with this whole new world of craft beer, but that wasn’t enough. I knew I wanted to brew beer, but it was just a dream.
Then my friend Victoria unknowingly changed my entire life with a 1-gallon, all-grain home brew kit she gave me as a gift. Neither Victoria nor I could have imagined that years later I would be the cask ale brewer at Sea Dog Brewing Company in North Conway. I also work at The Moat Mountain Brewing company’s production facility. In the past I have worked at Hobbs Brewery and Tavern in Ossipee, as well as the SAP House Meadery in Center Ossipee, NH. It all started with my first beer from that 1-gallon kit, and my insatiable appetite to learn more about brewing and improve my beers. I researched making beer all over the internet, listened to the plethora of podcasts about brewing, and eventually joined a local homebrew club. I would visit breweries and be amazed at all the stainless steel and the science behind brewing. To me, this was art in a glass. I would seek out new styles and flavors, then go home and try to replicate them for myself. Most notably I fell in love with the India pale ale (IPA) type of beer. This includes West Coast styles, to Brut, to single hopped, double hopped, triple hopped and our very own New England
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n Brewing Co
rewing Company
r Brewing
& Brewing
India pale ale (NEIPA) style. It is all about bold flavors—and being hazy.
WHITE MOUNTAIN BREWERS
Gone are the days where you would filter your brews to
COPPER PIG BREWERY
ewing Company get them crystal clear. I would always wonder: how are
Beer Co.
ce Brewing
they doing that? So, it begs the question: what makes a beer hazy? To get an answer, we asked Saco River Brewery owner, Mason Irish, and here is what he has to say:
k Inn Brewery
Brewery
g Brewery
If you ask five different brewers what makes a hazy beer, especially an IPA, you’ll likely get a bunch of different answers. This will include “protein from oats,” or “wheat in the mash,” “massive amounts of dry hopping,” “chloride additions to the mash,” “not adding a kettle fining,” and probably “yeast varietals.” Which, if any of these, is the answer? I can only tell you from my only experience as a brewer who brews these styles of beers all the time. Creating hazy beer was never my intent, but a byproduct of several process and ingredient choices. Most importantly is the yeast varietal; some will drop out and create a bright beer, even in the presence of the above-mentioned factors, while others will maintain some yeast in suspension for many months. The heavy dry hops are the other major factor in haze contribution. Strangely enough, this contribution can vary amongst hop variety. Chloride and protein in the mash may have a very minor contribution, and I completely discount that the lack of kettle finings is a factor, because I use them in every beer.
Spring 2020
SCHILLING BEER REK’•LIS BREWING
IRON FURNACE BREWING
WOODSTOCK INN BREWERY
ONE LOVE BREWERY
MOAT MOUNTAIN BREWING SEA DOG BREWING SACO RIVER BREWING TUCKERMAN BREWING HOBBS TAVERN & BREWING
Moat Mountain Brewing Co. Saco River Brewing Tuckerman Brewing Co. Hobbs Tavern & Brewing Co. Sea Dog Brewing Co. Rek’•Lis Brewing Co. Woodstock Inn Brewery Iron Furnace Brewing Schilling Beer Co. Copper Pig Brewery One Love Brewery
Intervale, NH Fryeburg, ME Conway, NH West Ossipee, NH North Conway, NH Bethlehem, NH North Woodstock, NH Franconia, NH Littleton, NH Lancaster, NH Lincoln, NH
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The best way to see the variables in action is to brew some beer yourself and observe and enjoy the results! – Mason Irish, Owner/brewer, Saco River Brewing I eat, sleep, and breathe the world of beer and brewing. I, too, have heard so many “facts” about market saturation or bubbles bursting, but right here in the Mt. Washington Valley we have exponential growth happening that starts with some new brewery options and a lot of brewery expansions. Now that you know a little bit about my background and passion for all thing’s beer and brewing, here’s the inside scoop about this industry’s growth in the Valley. Did you know that Hobbs Brewing Company is about to open their third brewery? Their newest location is just a bit further south on Route 16 from their current Hobbs Brewery and Tavern in Ossipee, NH. This production facility boasts a 15-barrel state-of-the-art system that is all shiny and new. I heard there will be a koelschip (pronounced: cool ship) on location to enhance their barrel aging and blending offerings. The new place will have a taproom, including an outside seating area. It is also set up to support multiple food trucks. Rek’-Lis Brewing Company in Bethlehem, NH is set to open their brand-new brewery building attached to their current location. This expansion will grow their current capacity to five barrels, and offer plenty of space to add new fermenters. It will offer a whole new bar with 23 taps of their own brew and a cider for their visitors. They will also have a new area for bands to play all summer. The Moat Mountain Brewing Company has been expanding their production facility over the past year with the additions of a large barn with a new refrigerated walk-in cooler
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and space for additional storage. The Tuckerman Brewing Company is expanding their facility, as they recently invested in their own canning line. They are excited to expand the beers they offer in cans, beginning with their flagship, the Pale Ale. Having their own canning line will also allow Tucks to can more limited-release brews. Last but not least, I worked with the Sea Dog Brew Pub to upgrade their fermenters as well as their glycol setup for their small batch system. When it comes to new beers to hit the market, the Valley’s breweries are showing up strong. The Saco River Brewing Company in Fryeburg, ME, is now available to purchase in New Hampshire. Gone are the days you had to cross the border into Maine to enjoy a Hornets’ Nest DIPA or their Lazy River IPA. A visit to their tap room is a worthy trip. It is a great place to sit back, inside or out, and enjoy some live music with a pint (or two) of beer. The Moat Mountain Brewing Company released Clockwork Manderina. A triple-dry-hopped NEIPA was originally a taproom-only option, but demand brought the recipe to their production facility where it was canned for the first time this past March. When you’re out and about in the Valley, swing by their taproom for a taste of their new Double IPA (DIPA) that celebrates Moat’s 20 years of brewing beer in the Valley. The Woodstock Inn Brewery is releasing Lost Time pale ale that is brewed with Comet and Galaxy Hops. This is a New England-style pale ale, that is double-dry-hopped and is hazy in color. They brewed this beer as a tribute to Betty and Barney Hill who, as the tale goes, were abducted by aliens back in the 1960s. The site where this happened is right by the brewery. This is a limited beer that is available for the spring and summer. Also look for their newest Honey Lemon Blond to hit the shelves this summer. At 4.5% and 20 IBU, this will be on my list for the summer months. Iron Furnace Brewing will once again be supporting the Ales for ALS charity to raise money for ALS research. They will be brewing a NEIPA in hopes to raise as much money as possible for this great cause. They brew all sorts of beers from stouts to sours, pale ales to porters, as well as all sorts of IPAs. The Tuckerman Brewing Company will be releasing their Summer Pils. This is a single-hopped Pilsner style beer brewed with Citra hops and orange peel. The low ABV (4.5% and IBU 18) makes this beer your summer go to. As mentioned earlier, their new canning line will bring many limited release brews to the market. I always look forward to their summer concert series, as well as many events in their tap room, which boasts a dozen (if not more) brews on tap. Rek’-lis Brewing Company is rolling out their share of new brews as well. On tap for this spring and summer are some tasty brews like the 9.99% ABV double pale ale called The Sanitizer, along with 30,000 Light Years, which features Galaxy and Mosaic hops. They will have two new pilsners, a Märzen, a barrel-aged stout, and a porter that will be bourbon-barrel-aged as well. The Sea Dog Brewing Company in North Conway will continue to brew their ever-rotating cask beer offerings. These small-batch brews are always a limited release at the restaurant bar, and run the gamut from Scottish ales to English strong bitters, porters, watermelon ales, and whiskey-barrel-edged stouts. Just out of the Valley, but certainly worth the trip, the Copper Pig Brewery in Lancaster is another local brewery you should visit. Look for them to release their “Cancer Sucks” hoppy lager as well as Downtown Patty Brown this spring. Do not forget to try their other brews while there. They have a beer called “Luke, I Am Your Lager.” How can you go wrong with a name like that? For the average beer connoisseur, this may be all you want
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for our latest spring hours!
Where Life is Good!
Rek’-Lis Brewing, located north of Crawford Notch in Bethlehem, recently went through major renovations as well as expansions and is ready for its spring reopening this May. to know (i.e. stop reading here). But if you’re anything like me, that’s just not enough.
So, I ask … have you ever wanted to learn how to brew a beer? The Mt. Washington Valley has multiple ways we can help you explore this fascinating and delicious hobby.
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First, there is a local homebrewing group: Interstate Brewers Unlimited (IBU). Look them up on Facebook. You can join a monthly meeting, usually hosted on the first Tuesday of each month, where the group discusses all things beer and tastes some of the members’ homebrews (based on the meeting location). This spring/summer, IBU group will be hosting a meet-and-greet event at the Sea Dog Brew Pub in North Conway. Check their Facebook page for event details. The group will also be hosting a learn-to-brew day the following month. And if that’s not enough to look forward to, mark your calendars for the 2020 New England Homebrewers Jamboree, held on September 11 and 12 at the Tamworth Campground. You can camp out and visit lots of homebrew groups from all around New England. They’ll have samples of everything from IPAs and sparkling seltzers to barrel-aged imperial stouts, as well as every possible style in between. I look forward to this event every year—and you should mark this on your calendars, right now. Visit their Facebook page, @NEhomeBrewJamboree, for event details and tickets. There is so much happening around the beer and brewing scene in the Mt. Washington Valley. We are growing—we are strong. We are looking for you to visit our tap rooms, drink our brews, and enjoy the scene. Sit down, have a great pint of beer, and enjoy all that the Valley has to offer. You deserve it, and I will happily pour it for you.
Spring2020 2020 Spring
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Become a better gardener by working with the By Jordon Hewson
Aaron Burden photo
G
ardening has always been a timeless way to feed our souls, help nature, and improve our connection to the earth. It’s not hard to create something beautiful with a little work and knowledge. Plants provide us with simple elements that bring us joy and peace, and once put together in a colorful design, we enjoy a rewarding accomplishment. Nurturing our pollinators within this hobby is an easy way to go beyond the scope of creating a beautiful garden—you can create a garden with purpose! Working together with the birds and the bees to fertilize and enhance your garden beds can make you a better gardener. A thoughtfully designed garden can benefit our native pollinators. Encouraging a healthy population has become a necessary and vital activity for our environment.
SO, HOW DO WE ATTRACT NATURE’S BEAUTIES TO OUR LANDSCAPE? IT’S SIMPLE. FOLLOW THESE STEPS
1
Get rid of the pesticides and herbicides.
2
Add in bird and bee favorites: choose the right plants
3
Consider their desired habitat
Although pesticides may be effective in eliminating the “naughty plant-eating pests,” they also kill off the “good ones” and the bees. By creating a habitat where beneficial insects can thrive and increase their populations, they will help act as a natural pesticide. Choose plants that don’t require chemicals (like easy ground covers) to make this process much easier. Add in a companion plant next to that; bee balm to encourage the hummingbirds to come closer and attract different species of bees, and even butterflies.
The addition of one new plant may be just the way to please both you and your pollinator friends. If you struggle to add in something that is not visually appealing, plant a small corner or a pollinator-specific garden in an area that is available outside of your garden beds. Native bees, butterflies, and birds are in danger, and as gardeners, we need to actively encourage their health, nourishment, and reproduction if we want to keep them around. Leave that milkweed alone! Find the beauty in the nectar rich weeds, like the birds and the bees do.
Other easy steps you can take to encourage and invite pollinators:
● Plant clover within the cracks in your stone walkway ● Plant lavender along your herb bed ● Start a cut flower garden ● Encourage the flowering weeds underneath to act as a ground cover I like to make my own hanging baskets with attracting pollinator combos, like lobelia and sweet William. The small white flowers attract tiny, beneficial wasps that help control garden pests, while lantana and salvia are great for the bees. Add garden accents to protect and nurture the pollinators’ way of life. Consider adding other bird- and bee-friendly features in your garden, such as lady bug hotels, butterfly nesting houses, water features, and hummingbird feeders.
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Courtesy photo
SEED BOMBS
Seed bombs are extremely easy to make and are a great way to casually plant seeds in the fall or early spring (depending on the variety). Seed bombs are made with a mixture of clay, compost, and assorted seeds that grow flowers for bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and other beneficial insects. I like to make seed bombs with milkweed and poppy seed because this low-maintenance perennial is a must-have for any pollinator garden and is easily seeded in the spring. Seed bombs are a perfect project to get the kids involved in gardening and make for a great winter activity to get ready for spring seeding. There are many ways to add colorful details to seed bombs, like recycled shredded construction paper or confetti, adding natural food coloring to the clay. It’s fun to make them different ways with varying options. Your kids will love seeing the different blooms they created—and all of the birds and the bees enjoying them, too! Children are drawn to gardening. As they help us do so, we can
Seed bombs are easy to grow and don’t require planting or the need to be buried in the soil. You can simply place them or throw them anywhere you’d like and beautiful flowering plants will grow. show them how they can actively impact the world around them—even with a simple gardening activity. Observing what species their blooms attract provides a fulfilling reward, too. A butterfly garden that also attracts hummingbirds is a favorite. A great bird blend will assist in fertilization by transferring pollen from their bills from one flower to another as they feed on nectar. Birds also play a big role in the reproduction of seeds from the plants. Another fun aspect of creating seed bombs: the “planting.” Seed bombs are easy to grow as they don’t require planting or the need to be buried in the soil. You can simply place them or throw them anywhere you’d like and beautiful flowering plants will grow. The clay protects and the
Courtesy photo
Courtesy photo
compost nurtures the seeds. When the weather conditions are right and the water and sun are supplied by nature, the ball will start to sprout seedlings. Over time they will grow into beautiful flowers, supplying our pollinators shelter and food for months.
Make Your Own Seed Bombs Seed bomb ingredients:
CUT 2-INCH PIECES OF CLAY
1
ADD IN SEEDS OR PACKETS
2
● Non-toxic clay. It can be powdered or prepared clay. I use an all-natural clay without any added dyes. ● Organic compost. Try to get the best compost available. This helps the seeds sprout and grow larger plants. ● Water ● Seed … of course! I used milkweed seed, but you can use any wildflower seed. ADD IN DRIED COMPOST
3
ADD 50/50 SOIL & PEAT MOSS
4
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PLANTING A BEE & BUTTERFLY GARDEN
Bees and butterflies require both nesting and egglaying space, as well as pollen to thrive in your garden. Plant a broad selection of flowering and pollen-bearing plants to ensure that the bee and butterfly population is thriving. A healthy population of native pollinators will help all your flowering plants bear fruit. Flowers that are rich in nectar and pollen are important food sources for honeybees and native bees. Together, annual flowers like sunflowers, and perennial herbs like lavender, can provide food for bees and butterflies all season long. Native pollinators are especially drawn to native herbs and flowers, such as monarda (bee balm) and echinacea. “The hum of the bees is the voice of the garden.” – Elizabeth Thompson
If you’re making your seed bombs in the off-season, simply store the seed bombs in an airtight container in a cool, dry place until it’s time to plant in the spring. ROLL TIGHTLY INTO A BALL
Courtesy photo
you’re making milkweed bombs, fall is the only time to plant. If you’re making seed bombs with other wildflowers, sow in the fall or in the early spring once there is no more chance of frost.
THAT’S IT! JUST LET IT DRY
SEED BOMBS TO ENTICE POLLINATING
Try these if interested in making a pollinator-specific blend
5
6
Planting Your Seed Bombs
For planting windows, there are a few easy options. For springtime planting, you do so once there have been a few frosts and there is no chance the seeds will germinate before spring. If
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Seed Bombs for BIRDS black-eyed Susan, blue flax, California poppy, cornflower, four-o’clocks, gayfeather, Indian blanket, lance-leaved coreopsis, New England aster, pacific beauty calendula, partridge pea, plains coreopsis, prairie clover, prairie coneflower, purple coneflower, red phlox, Shasta daisy, sulphur cosmos, sweet William, and wild sunflower Seed Bombs for BEES baby blue eyes, bergamot, blue flax, California poppy, china aster, Chinese forget-me-not, corn poppy, fleabane daisy, globe gilia, Indian blanket, lance-leaved coreopsis, New England aster, plains coreopsis, lupin, purple coneflower, purple giant hyssop, Siberian wallflower, sweet alyssum, and tidy tips Seed Bombs for HUMMINGBIRDS butterfly milkweed, Chinese forget-me-not, columbine, snapdragon, aster, cosmos, larkspur, foxglove, bird’s eye, toadflax, and alyssum Jordon Hewson of Designed Gardens, has brought her love of all things floral with her two flower-filled companies, Designed Gardens and the new Designed Gardens Flower Studio in North Conway Village. 27
TOP 10 THINGS YOU CAN DO TO ATTRACT MORE HUMMINGBIRDS
by Bill Thompson, III | Editor, Bird Watcher’s Digest
Photo by Tori Jackson
T
he ruby-throated hummingbird is the most common hummingbird in New England and in the Northeast. It is the only North American hummingbird that nests east of the Mississippi and weighs just an eighth of an ounce. Its heart beats 250 times per minute while its wings clock about 50 times per second. Male ruby-throated hummingbirds have a shiny green back and ruby red throat (that may look black in certain lighting). The female birds are slightly larger, and have green backs with a white breast and throat. Females also have rounded tails with white tips, while the males have a forked tail with no white.
Flower nectar is a major part of the hummingbird’s diet. While consuming nectar, a hummingbird also collects pollen from one flower and deposits it on the reproductive parts of the next flower, thus providing the plant with a means of reproducing. To sustain their supercharged metabolisms, hummingbirds must eat once every 10 to 15 minutes and visit between 1,000 and 2,000 flowers per day. If you would like to attract more hummingbirds to your yard, read the following information originally produced by our friends at Bird Watcher’s Digest. Happy birding! 1. ADD A NEW NATIVE PLANT SPECIES TO YOUR GARDEN You just can’t have too many good hummingbird plants in your garden or yard. Take an inventory of your existing offerings and consult a source of hummingbird plant information for ideas on what to add next. Good sources include plant charts in Enjoying Hummingbirds More, and Creating Your Backyard Bird Garden. Both titles are part of the BWD backyard booklet series, which can be ordered at www.redstartbirding.com/collections/booklets.
2. PLAN A CONTINUOUS BLOOMING SCHEDULE When you’re leafing through your garden catalogs or wandering the greenhouses of your favorite garden center planning your hummingbird garden, choose plant species that have different blooming periods. For example, choose a ready-to-bloom hanging basket of fuschia for early flowers, a fast-growing Salvia species for midsummer flowers, and a late-blooming trumpet
creeper that will be in flower in late summer and fall. Ask a local gardening expert for advice on blooming schedules and seasons for your area, soil type, and climate. Continuous blooming means hummingbirds will always have a reason to be in your yard, especially late in the season when flower production is down but hummingbird numbers are up, with all the recently fledged youngsters. 3. DEADHEAD YOUR FLOWERS TO ENHANCE BLOOMING This old gardeners’ trick is a clever one. By removing old blossoms (this process is known as “deadheading”) shortly after they have wilted and removing seed heads from blooming plants, you trick the plants into thinking that their work is not yet done. The plants respond by continuing to produce flowers and seedheads, in the end producing far more than they would have if they had not been deadheaded. Later in the season, you
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Ruby-Throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris ORDER: Caprimulgiformes FAMILY: Trochilidae Both Sexes Length: 2.8-3.5 in (7-9 cm) Weight: 0.1-0.2 oz (2-6 g) Wingspan: 3.1-4.3 in (8-11 cm)
can let the plants go to seed to ensure that you’ll have them back in your garden next year.
4. TIE AN ORANGE RIBBON ROUND THE OLD OAK TREE Use foot-long pieces of surveyor’s tape (bright red or orange plastic ribbon sold in hardware stores) to catch the eyes of passing hummingbirds. Tie these pieces to bushes, trees, deck railings—anyplace near flowers or feeders. The bright colors will lure migrant hummingbirds down from the sky for a closer look. 5. REPAINT AND REHABILITATE YOUR OLD FEEDERS If the red parts on your hummingbird feeders are getting a bit dull, you can repaint them using bright magenta nail polish. Make sure the nail polish is totally dry before you fill and place the feeder. When dry, the polish’s bright color is a visual signal to hungry hummers.
6. REPLACE OLD FEEDERS Don’t want to waste good nail polish and elbow grease on rehabilitating your tired, old hummingbird feeders? Go buy some new feeders. This time, get durable, heavy plastic feeders. Make sure they are designed for easy filling and that they come apart for easy cleaning. If you still insist on getting El Cheapo feeders, start saving now to buy a new batch of feeders next spring.
7. MAKE SNAG PERCHES FOR HUMMINGBIRDS Most birds like to use snags for perching. Why? To rest, to preen, but most of all, to hunt. Hummingbirds are no different. After beating your wings at a rate of 80 beats per second, you’d feel like taking a break, too. All hummingbirds, but especially males, like to perch on the end of an exposed branch. From this vantage point they can see danger or rivals approaching. And they can sally forth into the air to grab a tasty insect, should one happen to fly past. You can create a hummingbird snag by sticking a dead branch into the ground so that it stands vertically. Place it about 50 feet from your feeder, but still within view. 8. ADD A MISTER TO YOUR YARD A mister is a small-hosed attachment for your regular garden hose. With the hose turned on to just a trickle, the mister, with Spring 2020
its pinhole openings, shoots a fine spray, or mist, into the air. Hummingbirds, like all birds, will regularly bathe if a ready supply of water is at hand. But a mister in action is too much to resist! Hummingbirds love to fly through the fine spray until they are thoroughly soaked, at which point they zip off to a handy preening perch. Misters are available at hardware stores, lawn and garden centers, specialty bird stores, and by mail order.
9. DON’T REMOVE THOSE SPIDER WEBS Hummingbirds use spider webs as a main ingredient in their nests. Strands of spider web hold the nest together and to the branch upon which it is built. But wait, there’s more! Hummingbirds also love to steal insects from spider webs. Insects are an important source of protein for hummingbirds, and they’ll get them any way they can. How convenient for hummingbirds to have spider webs do the catching for them.
10. GOT BULLIES? ADD MORE FEEDERS IN A CLUMP! If you have one male hummingbird that is dominating your feeder to the exclusion of all others, there are two ways to afford your other hummingbirds a drink. One is to put up other feeders on opposite sides of your house, or out of sight of Mr. Bully. Of course, this may simply mean that you are setting up other fiefdoms for other male bullies. Perhaps a better solution is to add two or three more feeders in the vicinity of the first feeder. This will attract multiple hummingbirds, which will quickly cure your bully of his territoriality. He will not be physically able to fight off all the other hummingbirds, so he will give up trying. Special thanks to the Bird Watcher’s Digest for allowing this reprint. Visit them at www.birdwatchersdigest.com.
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VIEW FROM THE FARM By Stowell Watters, Old Wells Farm
The local food system is here and ready to help the modern food system. The searchlights are fired up and the beam blasts forth into the night sky, the crowds stand hushed as an icon of pure illumination shines in the moonlit clouds. Maybe it’s a fist holding a bunch of carrots or maybe it’s a rolling pin—a clarion call that says now, more than ever, we need our unlikely hero: the local food system. Meanwhile, someplace beyond the sunbaked parking lots of our struggling modern food system, someplace maybe down the street from you, on a farm, in a backyard, on a rooftop, or in a city park, there is our
Old Wells Farm photo
Stowell Watters lives with his family in Limington, ME, and runs Old Wells Farm.
to feed a baby or make kale chips. But that time ended as we watched the modern food system groan beneath the weight of demand. Now, at least, we know how fragile we are. Lucky for us our local food system is a plucky son of a gun—callouses on the hands and feet from the thin years of never really having a dime, and an easy handshake from all the years spent as a neighbor, a board member, a parent, a caretaker, and an actual living and breathing human being. The local food system fixes a bird’s wing, patches a tire and delivers an order, stops along the road to pick
The local food system is a butcher, a baker, and a candlestick maker, a farmer in the dell, and a neat old man with a curling mustache and a beautiful smile who can saunter into the woods and come out with an armful of mushrooms and berries that wont kill you ... and hey, actually, these are pretty good … unlikely hero, getting boots tied on (no cape here, folks), stretching to get that kink out of the back (a little to the left; yes, that’s it), and now to the coffee machine—hot and bitter, perfect. On to a new opportunity and lots of work to do: rows to hoe, bees to see, dough to knead, and people to feed. Know this: the local food system is up to the challenge, maybe even a little excited, and already on its second cup when the news comes across the wire that we are a nation in need. There was a time, maybe even as recent as this winter, when we could look upon our local food system as an indulgence; something fun to dabble in when the in-laws came over. “Oh, this chicken is organic. We bought it at the farmers’ market. Charming place, really— everyone in muck boots!” Or when it came time
up some garbage and throw it in the truck, drinks some more coffee, and then is off to the softball game. The local food system is a butcher, a baker, and a candlestick maker, a farmer in the dell, and a neat old man with a curling mustache and a beautiful smile who can saunter into the woods and come out with an armful of mushrooms and berries that won’t kill you … and hey, actually, these are pretty good … Our future is always uncertain, and we are all connected; we know that now, too. Maybe we knew it before, but now we—capital K— Know it for real. What you do affects him which affects her which affects me. The local food system is one of mutual benefit; every dollar spent in the local food system is re-spent and reinvested in the local school system or the
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Old Wells Farm photo
municipal system or the local service sector or even the local game store. The money hangs out, percolates, empowers. The local food system is flexible (must be all those downward dogs). If he can’t grow it, I bet she can. The local food system is not troubled by a downturn of the stock market, it folds the newspaper up and turns to the weather or the funnies. The local food system is not at all—in any way, shape, or form—beholden to the whims and wishes of a yacht-load of plutocrats. It is decentralized and powerful, able to adapt and change, and has been in the barn doing push-ups and crunches for the last few months. So, hey, actually, it’s looking pretty good … The local food system is not an indulgence; it is essential to our way of life. The local food system is here and ready to help the modern food system. It puts out a strong arm and pulls the poor thing to its feet, brushes off its suit, and looks it in the eye—like we all look each other in the eye when important things need to be said—to say: Hey, we can do this, but we need to do it together from here on out. The message is that we all just want everyone to be okay. We want our environment to not die. We want to see animals in the woods. We want people to get food and medicine when they need it. The message is that the local food system is uniquely capable of fulfilling these desires.
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Old Wells Farm is in Limington, Maine and is made up of Stowell Watters, Marina Steller, Dottie Jo, Dylan Watters, Alaena Robbins, and a host of friends, family, and animals. The farm is organic certified with an emphasis on permaculture techniques, no till diversified vegetable production, flowers, pork, maple syrup, honey, mushrooms, and future endeavors unknown. Spring 2020
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Now, More than Ever By Lori Steere
T
hinking spring suddenly holds much more weight than fresh air, strong doses of sunshine, happy bursts of color from a smudge of purple crocus or a cluster of vibrant daffodils. Who would have imagined setting our clocks ahead this year would mean “springing forward” to drastic changes in our daily lives—some by choice, some because of government mandates—all to try to prevent the spread of a virus? On the positive side, many of us are suddenly blessed with plenty of time to clean up around the house and get the yard ready for serious outdoor enjoyment: gardens, fires, kids playing, and soaking up warm rays of vitamin D. However, many of us have become temporarily unemployed; holed up at home when we need to be at work, wishing we could spend this time gathered with friends over a meal, wanting to be out and about participating in our favorite local events. Instead, we are finding businesses closed, races cancelled, shelves emptied at the grocery store. We worry when somebody coughs and are off-kilter at times with the general displacement of our familiar lives. In this time of struggle and uncertainty for so many of us, I can’t help but think about food. It has been a little more stressful to get out and simply acquire the ingredients to make a nutri-
tious meal. Dear friends, in this plentiful Mt. Washington Valley, with so many farms and farm stands, farmers markets, and neighbors with chickens, one solution seems crystal clear.
Now, more than ever, this is the time to support our local farms. Through shopping at farmers markets and local food hubs, you can avoid crowds while feeling certain your food has been handled safely, and with care. No need to worry how far your food has travelled, how many hands it has passed through, or if the shelves will be stocked when you head out for groceries. Our local farmers are stepping up and adapting to the changing food climate, offering safe and clean alternative methods for you to obtain healthy food. Buying directly from the farmers themselves, you can ask them questions to put your mind at ease, while helping to boost our struggling local economy. Today, that means so much more than
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Spring 2020
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it ever has! If you have a favorite farm, check their website (see our listing within these pages) to see what they have come up with to accommodate the changing times. You can put your faith in our community growers to provide the nourishment your family needs to stay healthy.
Now, more than ever, these are the people we can depend on to continue to come through for us with safe, reliable sources of food. Our farmers are our neighbors, and they need our support. Remember to include your trusted neighbors down the road selling their eggs or garden surplus. This time of year, many winter farmers’ markets are taking a break until May, but you can still purchase meats, eggs, bread, dairy products, maple syrup, honey, and early-season produce, such as spinach, root veggies, asparagus, and greens, directly from the farms! As I sit here writing this, I know most folks are planning on keeping their farm stores open—embracing new policies in favor of social distancing. Handfuls of creative solutions have been born of this challenge! Many farms and market vendors are now asking that you preorder online and pick up at their store or the farmers’ market. A few local farms are getting creative with readily assembled meat packages intended to last a month or so, curbside pickup; some more laid back, with a “pull-up-and-honk-yourhorn” shopping method. Pre-packaged vegetables with streamlined pricing to skip the picking through and weighing process. All are intended to limit the handling of merchandise. Investing in the growing season is also an option—you can order your summer CSA full or half share right now, buy market shares, and order gift cards. I have recently placed my CSA order, and I must confess, I am feeling more at ease knowing I will have an abundance of seasonal organic produce coming to me weekly throughout this summer and into fall—direct from the hands of a local farmer! One notable farmer’s market effort is being made by the New Hampshire Mushroom Company in Tamworth. In an effort
A New Day Farm Conway, NH Abundant Blessings* Brookfield, NH Athena’s Bees Ossipee, NH Behr Farm Tamworth, NH Berry Knoll Eaton, NH Bly Farm Wolfeboro, NH Densmore Orchard* Conway, NH DeVylder Farm* Wolfeboro, NH Drake Farm Effingham, NH Earle Family Farm Conway, NH Fly Away Farm Stowe, ME Full Moon Farm Wolfeboro, NH Good Buddy Farm & Flower* Hiram, ME Grand View Farm* Conway, NH Hatches’ Orchard Conway, NH Highwater Farm Bartlett, NH Hosac Farm Cornish, ME Little Field Farm* Eaton, NH Loon’s Point Honey Bees* Madison, NH Meadowfall Farm & Forage Porter, ME Merrybrook Farm Tamworth, NH MiVida Gardens Madison, NH Moonset Farm & Floral* Porter, ME Mountain Flower Farm Intervale, NH Mountain Heartbeet Farm* Effingham, NH Mountain Laurel Farm Sanbornville, NH Naylen Farm No. Conway, NH NH Mushroom Company* Tamworth, NH Patch Farm Denmark, ME Pork Hill Farm* Ossipee, NH Red Gables Farm Tamworth, NH Remick Museum & Farm Tamworth, NH Sap Hound Maple Co.* Brownfield, ME Sherman Farm* Conway, NH Snow Brook Farm Eaton, NH Spider Web Gardens Tuftonboro, NH Terra Firma* Acton, ME The Farm at Thompson House* Jackson, NH The Farm by the River Effingham, NH Top of the Hill Farm Wolfeboro, NH Tumbledown Farms* Brookfield, NH Waxing Moon Gardens* No. Sandwich, NH White Gates Farm Tamworth, NH Wotton Farm* Ossipee, NH
(207) 256-2522 (603) 832-6576 (603) 733-7736 (603) 323-8778 (603) 447-3993 (603) 569-1411 (603) 662-8349 (603) 569-4110 (207) 956-9405 (603) 447-6641 (207) 446-7352 (207) 625-9404 (603) 960-2199 (603) 447-5687 (603) 477-5687 (207) 391-8367 (603) 733-8535 (603) 367-8044 (207) 625-7733 (410) 984-1771 (603) 367-8419 (207) 625-7733 (603) 356-6068 (603) 986-8480 (603) 986-0544 (603) 721-1794 (612) 269-3457 (603) 539-5999 (603) 323-2393 (603) 323-7591 (802) 558-5385 (603) 939-2414 (603) 447-8988 (603) 569-5056 (207)415-6505 (603) 383-9341 (603) 986-1504 (603) 817-0620 (603) 522-8500 (603) 547-5494 (603) 662-7556 (603) 539-8134
* wholesale suppliers
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A small sample of the many offerings from local farms. Be sure to call ahead for updates. White Gates Farm in Tamworth is offering curbside pickup of beef, pork, or chicken packages loaded with enough meat to get your family through a month or so. You can also stuff your freezer for a much longer period of time with a much bigger combo package. Simply order and pay online at www.whitegates-farm.com and you will be contacted to arrange a curbside pickup time. All packages come with a dozen eggs! Sherman Farm in East Conway is offering curbside pickup. Their system is simple: call ahead, or just honk your horn and someone will be out to help you. www.shermanfarmnh.com Pork Hill Farm is still offering their spring and summer CSA, with three pickup locations each Tuesday throughout the season, in Ossipee, Conway village, and North Conway village. Beginning June 16 this year with the fall share running to October 13, you can easily pull up their website, www.porkhillfarm.com, order and pay online, choose your pick-up location, and wait for the season to begin! Patch Farm in Denmark, Maine (for those of you on the Fryeburg side of Conway) is planning on keeping their farm store open with a sign on their coolers reading, “For convenience in the time of social distancing, all farm veggies and eggs are $5! We have pre-weighed our root vegetables and upped the weight of our greens to reflect the price point.” You are now able to pre-order online and pick it up at the store or the Farmers’ Market. Grab a tasty morsel of their forest-raised pork while you are there! Also offering CSA full and half shares and market shares! www.patchfarm.me Bridgton Farmers’ Market is practicing good social distancing with their market still operating through spring–just outdoors! Vendors are pre-packing all their goods instead of having everyone dig through bins doing the pick-and-choose, with the majority requiring that you pre-order and pay online for pickup on market day. For order forms, go to www.facebook.com/ BridgtonFarmersMarket. Tamworth Farmers’ Market is planning on a regularly scheduled opening for summer in mid-May. For more information and a list of vendors, visit www.tamworthfarmersmarket.org. Greater Gorham Farmers’ Market is scheduled to open for summer on Saturday, May 2. Determined to provide fresh food to the local community, they will be offering hand-sanitizing stations and an option for customers to call ahead with orders, limited handling of merchandise, with all vendors practicing recommended safety implementations and social distancing. www.facebook.com/pg/Greater/Gorham/Farmers/Market.
Spring 2020
to keep good food available during the market lull in-between seasons, they are hosting a pop-up market every Wednesday and Saturday beginning March 21, from 1 to 7 p.m. outside in their parking lot! In an effort to support other local farmers and growers, offer supplies to the community in a calm environment, and keep the community safe, there are no vendor fees and no restrooms available. This low-key tailgate-style event will be closely monitored to ensure the gathering is following appropriate social distancing procedures, as well as taking all recommended safety precautions. For more information, check out their website for updates at www.nhmushrooms.com, or to become a vendor, contact nhmcsales@gmail.com. Collectively we have put so much effort and resolve into retreating for the greater good. We can commit to that further for the greater good of our community.
Why not take a drive to a nice outdoor market? Food is a necessity—you have every right to do so. Make food shopping something you look forward to again. Say hello to your neighbors from a safe distance, pick up some good eats, feel good, and smile while doing it. Now, more than ever, food is medicine. Food can heal our bodies, food can heal our hearts, and food can heal our community. We can do our best to embrace this period of quiet—becoming more thoughtful, more subtly action-oriented, more open to the world right in front of our eyes. Supporting your local farmers and your local economy is what we need right now. Let the world know you appreciate the passion and hard work of your local farmers—embrace and spread camaraderie among your friends and neighbors! We can take control in these challenging times. Now, more than ever, food is something we can choose to be more deliberate about. We are all in this together. 35
Connect with the people who grow your food! CSA stands for community support agriculture. This movement started as a way for farms to share the season-long burden of risk with their community. Farms would ask for a commitment from their local community to invest in the farm, which helps farmers’ cashflow with the early season expenses that occur when much has yet to be harvested. Seeds and supplies are bought, and employees are paid long before the first tomato is picked. In return, these community members would get a portion, commonly referred to as a “share,” of the harvest each week throughout the growing season. CSAs have grown and changed over the years to mean many different things, but the basic relationship has stayed the same. As a customer, you provide the farm a payment for future food. Buying direct from a farmer provides them with the best price for their products, reduces your environmental impact by drastically decreasing the miles your food has to travel to get to you, and provides you with food that is SO FRESH! A CSA share is a great way to eat seasonally, try new things, and connect with the people who grow your food. – Farmer Joanne of Mountain Heartbeet in Effingham, NH
A NEW DAY FARM Weekly CSA shares are available for pick up on site in Conway and a North Conway location on Thursdays. Cost is $384 for small shares, and $576 for large shares, both running for 16 weeks beginning midJune through September. Fall shares are also available. Sign Up: Contact Jennie at jenniemblair@live.com or (207) 256-2522. FOOTHILL FARM ALLIANCE WINTER CSA Several MWV and western Maine farms have joined together as a network of family farms with the first goal of offering a multi-farm winter CSA. With several successful seasons under their belt, the Foothill Farm Alliance offers the opportunity to eat locally during the winter months in Northern New England. For more details on the winter share dates, prices, pickup locations and vegetable prospectus, please visit the website below. Sign Up: Head to foothillfarmalliance.com or email Natalie at hosacfarm@gmail.com.
FLY AWAY FARM Contact for more details at (207) 446-7352 or flyawayfarmmaine@gmail.com. HOSAC FARM MOFGA Certified Organic Summer CSA. Offering two choices: full or summer share. The full share runs for 14 weeks, starting in late June, and the summer share runs for eight weeks, starting the second week of July. Members can expect to receive a box of seasonally appropriate produce each week, such as greens, carrots, beets, herbs, tomatoes, peppers, squash, and more. Members also have the opportunity to take surplus produce when available. Pick up at the Earle Family Farm in Conway, NH on Wednesdays from 4–6 p.m., or at Hosac Farm in Cornish, Maine on Thursdays from 4–6 p.m. Full share, $450; summer share, $265. Payment plans available; bitcoin discounts. Sign Up: www.hosacfarm.com/ csa, email hosacfarm@gmail.com, or call Natalie (207) 391-3983. LITTLE FIELD FARM CSA pickup is available at Little Field Farm stand in Eaton and International Mountain Equipment (IME) in North Conway Village. You can pick up any time during CSA day, day-of-week to be determined. There are two sizes for the 14-week program: full shares are $500; half shares are $250. Sign Up: Send a message on Facebook or call (603) 733-8535. To hold your spot, half at sign up and the remainder on first pickup day is requested. NH MUSHROOM COMPANY From Memorial Day weekend to Labor Day weekend, for 16 weeks, you are provided with a variety of fresh, local mushrooms. Six to seven varieties of specialty mushrooms are grown on a weekly basis, as well as seasonal varieties and wild-harvested species. Receive a weekly email with recipes, species info, and interesting mushroom tidbits. Pickup times and locations: Wednesdays and Saturdays 9 a.m.–7 p.m. at the Farm in Tamworth, NH, 153 Gardner Hill Road; and at NH Mushrooms Company’s booth at Concord Farmers’ Market, Saturdays 8:30 a.m.–12 p.m. Cost: small share/2lbs, $420; large share/3lbs, $620. Sign Up: email nhmcsales@gmail.com or call (603) 323-0097. MOUNTAIN HEARTBEET Nine weeks of fresh, nutritious, Certified Organic vegetables. The CSA barn is set up “market style” with 6-10 items every other week to choose from. Along with all your vegetables, you will get the inside
scoop about what’s going on at the farm, new recipes, and space to connect with your neighbors. Pickup location: Mountain Heartbeet Farm in Effingham, NH; Tuesday 5–7 p.m. or Friday from 5–7 p.m. Cost: Shares are priced on a sliding scale. The upper end enables the farm to cover all expenses for growing your food, donations to local food pantries and community events, and allows those with more limited incomes to participate. No matter what you pay, you will get to share in the abundance the farm has to offer. Familysized or individual shares range from $250$575. Sign Up: www.mountainheartbeet. com/summer-csa-sign-up.html or email mountainheartbeet@gmail.com. PATCH FARM For 16 weeks starting in late June, you are provided with a variety of fresh, seasonal, organically raised veggies, as well as an e-newsletter with recipe ideas and tips on preserving the harvest. CSA box share customers have first priority on crops that may not be for sale at market, such as corn, turmeric, and spinach. Pickup times and location: Tuesdays at the Farm in Denmark, ME 3–6 p.m. Cost: full share, $475; or half share, $275. Sign Up: www.patchfarm. me/csa.html, email patchfarm.me@gmail. com, or call (207) 939-1493. OLD WELLS FARM Offering a summer-long CSA available for pick up once a week at the farm in Limington or Carter’s Green Market in Gorham, ME. Also offer delivery to immunocompromised or disabled folks, providing the drive is 30 minutes or less from Old Wells Farm. The share costs $450 and runs from June until September. All produce is MOFGA Organic Certified. Sign Up: www.oldwellsfarm.com. PORK HILL FARM Offering Certified Organic vegetables, herbs, and flowers for pickup over the course of 17 weeks from mid-June until mid-October; also offer a flower share. CSA members can purchase the entire season or just a part, such as summer. The whole season cost is $500 and the summer share is $325. Pickups are on Tuesdays afternoons at three locations: The Farm in Ossipee, T. Murray Wellness Center in Conway Village, 3–5 p.m., and the Local Grocer in North Conway, 3–5 p.m., or by special arrangement on a different day. Planning to offer subsidized shares, so email for details if you or someone you know would like to do the CSA but needs help. Sign Up: Head to porkhillfarm.com.
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REMICK COUNTRY DOCTOR MUSEUM & FARM Offering a summer meat CSA featuring three pickups (June, July, and August). Each month’s pickup consists of approximately 12 pounds of various cuts of beef, pork, and chicken. Pickups are monthly at the Remick Museum & Farm in Tamworth. Price is $300 for members of the Remick Museum and $400 for non-members. Sign Up: Call (603) 323-7591. SAP HOUND MAPLE COMPANY Offering a CSA in which there are four pickups a year, one in each season. You can choose from a pint, quart, half gallon, or gallon option. Read more about the CSA online and find the pickup dates for 2020. Get in contact now for hands-free pickup, June 6, September 5, December 5. Pickup time for all days is 9 a.m.–12 p.m. Sign Up: www.saphoundsyrup.com/collections/maple-csa, email corrie@saphoundmaple.com, or call (802) 558-5385. WAXING MOON GARDENS Offering the community a naturally grown vegetable garden share with a weekly newsletter sharing stories and favorite recipes for a 16-week season, June 18 to October 1. Community share members get first choice of vegetables. Pickup locations are at Waxing Moon Gardens in North Sandwich, NH Thursdays 3–6 p.m., or Saturdays at the Tamworth Farmers’ Market. Full share, $450 for the season or $120 monthly. Half share, $250 for the season or $75 monthly. Sign Up: Email: Waxingmoongardens@gmail.com. Call or text: (603) 547-5494.
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DEVYLDER FARM CSA credit can be used at the farm as credit on your account. Products available include annuals, perennials, produce, mulch, baked goods, PYO blueberries, PYO apples, apple cider, and other seasonal plants and produce. $500 for $550 credit, $750 for $825 credit, $1,000 for $1,100. CSA checks can be mailed to PO Box 475, Wolfeboro, NH 03894 and receipts will be mailed back to members. GRAND VIEW FARM The CSA arrangement: for every $100 share you buy, you receive an extra $10 in credit at the farm store. Pick and choose what you want at the Grand View Farm stand next to Leavitt’s Bakery in Conway. PATCH FARM Use your farm share debit to buy Patch Farm veggies, eggs, pork, chicken, seedlings, or herbs! Use credit at the Bridgton Farmers’ Market on Saturdays or at Patch Farm stand daily. Cost: pay $100, get $110; pay $200, get $225; pay $300, get $330. SHERMAN FARM Sherman Farm’s Farm Futures Program is a farm store credit-style CSA where for every $100-share you buy, you receive an extra $10 in market credit. Your card can be used to buy anything at the market at any time, so you get what you want, when you want it.
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SPIDER WEB GARDENS Customers invest in farm shares in spring and receive a 10% return on investment. (Invest $100 and receive $110 towards purchases.) Spring 2020
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By diverting even a single purchase of your weekly food dollars to a local farm, you help our communities thrive. You support a family business and ensure open space is maintained and cared for by the growers who farm there. Thank you for your commitment to our region’s growers. BRIDGTON, ME Summer market is open every Saturday, rain or shine, from 8 a.m.–1 p.m., located in the lot behind Reny’s. Summer season runs from the first Saturday in May–October. Offering locally grown produce, farm-raised meats, plants, baked goods, and high-quality handcrafted items to Maine’s Lakes Region residents and its visitors since 1996. Accepting EBT/SNAP, and certain vendors accept WIC and credit/debit. Contact Bridgtonfarmersmarket.me@ gmail.com for more information or find on Facebook. LOVELL, ME Charlotte Hobbs Memorial Library Farmers’ Market on Route 5 in Lovell, Maine every Saturday, June – September, 10 a.m.–1 p.m. and inside on the second and fourth Saturdays, November – May, 10 a.m.–1 p.m. Organic vegetables and fruits, delicious pastries and bread, plants, cut flowers, maple syrup, honey, handmade dolls, jewelry, crafts, wreaths, chicken, pork, grass-fed beef, eggs, and more. Also offering online ordering and porch pickup as a safe place to get pre-ordered goodies. www.lovell-farmers-market.square.site TAMWORTH, NH Every Saturday from 9 a.m.–1 p.m., May 16–October 31, at the
LOCAL, FRESH, AND FUN FOR EVERYONE!
Unitarian Universalist Fellowship and Thrift Shop parking lot (30 Tamworth Road). Vegetables, fruit, baked goods, raw dairy, maple syrup and honey, plants and flowers, mushrooms, meat, jams and jellies, kombucha, fresh fish, mead, wool and yarn, crafts, and much more. Live music, lunch and iced tea, coffee and chai, shaded tables and chairs. Double SNAP dollars. (603) 323-2392/2368, tamworthfarmersmarket.org, or email bsfarmerbob@gmail.com or tamworthfarmersmarket@sunnyfield.us. WAKEFIELD, NH Wakefield Marketplace; join in celebrating this 25th season at the corner of Route 16 and Wakefield Road. Agriculture and artisans offering farm-fresh produce and products, bakers, juried handmade craft items, jewelry, and original art. Over 30 vendors. Stop by to see the quality and diversity! Saturday’s Memorial Day to Columbus Day, rain or shine 9 a.m.–3 p.m. Route 16 and Wakefield Road (153 sign). Call (603) 918-1021 or visit ww.wakefieldmarketplace.org. WOLFEBORO, NH Outdoor season is May 21–October 15, Thursdays, 12:30–4:30 p.m. in Clark Park on South Main Street. Fresh vegetables, fruits, herbs, cut flowers, plants, beef, poultry, eggs, and much more. Music and weekly community events. SNAP dollars doubled at the market. Rain or shine. www.wolfeboroareafarmersmarket.com/; Facebook and Instagram: @wolfeboroareafarmersmarket For additional information, contact the Mt. Washington Valley Eaters and Growers or visit www.mwveg.com. MWVEG is a group of farmers and local food advocates working together to build a vibrant local food system in the greater Mt. Washington Valley.
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A little something while you’re munching on crispy salad greens, or while roasting parsnips–tender, steamy and sweet. Don’t strain your brain–it’s just a game, a test of wit–please don’t quit. If you are stumped, don’t be a chump - just ask your farmer for a hint!
DOWN 3 Only available at a certain time of year. 5 Pulpy edible fruit of small size. 6 Method of encouraging self-sustaining ecosystems in agriculture. 9 Weekly produce bundle purchased in advance to support local farming. 13 Helpers for flowers to produce fruit. 14 Vegetables that grow under the ground. 16 Decaying organic matter used to fertilize. 17 Meetingplace to shop for local foods and goods. 18 The edible product of plant growth. 19 Man-made sytem used for watering plants. 22 Plentiful crop yield. 25 From a known nearby place. 26 Meat from an animal raised on grass and foraged plants. 27 Group of people with common interests. 28 Produced without chemicals, pesticides, or antibiotics.
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Coming together as a group. Local collaboration of farmers and food advocates. Picked or grown very recently. To support a business by purchasing their products. Working with others toward a common goal.
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Short, fleshy underground stem bearing buds. Group of food chains helping to enable the survival of a community. An animal allowed to graze in open fields and forest. A person or business selling their product at a farmers’ market.
15 Tower of honey, home to many. 20 Making connections to enhance a group or system. 21 Season for gathering crops in agriculture. 23 Edible leaves and herbage. 24 To season or spice.
(ANSWERS ON PAGE 6)
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WiseguyCreative.com photo
HOW OUR LOCALS FARMS ARE BATTLING
THE CHANGING WEATHER By Olivia Saunders
TOUGHER TIMES AHEAD FOR LOCAL FOOD GROWERS
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xtreme weather, brought about by changes to our climate, now poses significant risk to farmers throughout New England. While some changes may be beneficial, local farmers are likely to experience yield losses associated with increased frequency of high temperatures,
on modernizing their irrigation equipment in order to deal with drought. More drought and more flooding create a curious conundrum for people who grow plants in the soil for a living. Farmers are slowly adopting to this new normal, but we are still struggling to
some process, and does not fully recover all the lost profit from the ruined crop. Earth’s average temperature has increased 1.8°F nationally. The 2-degree increase in global average surface temperature, that has occurred since the preindustrial era (1880-1900), might seem
an increase of soil erosion due to extreme precipitation, and crop failure as a result of moisture stress and excess heat. Inadequate winter chilling period may also have perilous effects on fruit crops. One producer I work with has had their crop fields flood with storm water four of the last seven years, eroding their soils, and laying waste to otherwise marketable crops. Prior to that, the river rarely flooded in the 50 years they’ve owned the property. Elsewhere in New Hampshire, growers are spending thousands of dollars
understand many of these changes. In the meantime, farmers in the Northeast have had to use funds from the Farm Service Agency (FSA) crop disaster assistance program in order to stay afloat. The most recent data from the Northeast region (2013-2016) demonstrates that disaster relief funds have been used for heat (10.7%), hail (1.7%), frost or freeze (13.4%), drought (38.1%) and excess moisture (33.8%). While disaster relief is one strategy to farm viability, this option is not available to all farms, is a cumber-
small, but it means a significant increase in accumulated heat. In New Hampshire, scientists expect a 3°F increase in temperature, which has direct implications on rainfall events. The data also show that the largest observed changes in rainfall in the United States have occurred in the Northeast. How, exactly, do these changes in rainfall occur? For each 1.8°F of warming, the air can contain 7% more water vapor. Think of the humidity on an August day versus February. Warm air contains more water vapor because the
In New Hampshire, scientists expect a 3°F increase in temperature, which has direct implications on rainfall events. The data also shows that the largest observed changes in rainfall in the United States have occurred in the Northeast.
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Kaitly Orde photo
LEFT: A beautiful field of buckwheat flowers on the Schartner Farm in North Conway days before being tilled. Easily managed and used as a cover or rotational crop, buckwheat grows quickly and is economical to produce because it requires no pesticides and allows the soil to rest and rejuvenate before the next cash crop. It is also often used to prepare organic crop soil because it can eliminate weeds. It can add up to 3,000 pounds of organic matter per acre back into the soil when tilled.
water vapor molecules move at a higher speed than in cold air. With more moisture content in the air, the atmosphere is able to release more water when it rains. This is why we expect increased frequency of big rainstorms like the one on Halloween in 2017. This also means longer periods between wet weather. Educators and farmers throughout the region are working on proactive strategies to help meet these new challenges. The use of protected structures is one tool on most every vegetable farm in the Northeast. Hoop house technology, low tunnels, and perforated plastic help protect the crop and moderate temperatures. These technologies shield crops from heavy rain and hail while also reducing pressure from disease and insects, thus lowering pesticide use. The structures typically use a ventilation system to moderate moisture and can easily incorporate shade cloth. Shade cloth is not generally used in this region, but it is a necessary practice in the Mid-Atlantic region. There, growers are painting their summer crops with white kaolin clay to reduce sunSpring 2020
scald; temperatures are now so extreme that growers have to protect the leaves of squash and pumpkin from getting too hot by spraying them from their natural green to white. Shade cloth and protected structures are effective strategies to endure extreme heat and rain, but they have significant additional costs and require regular maintenance and management. Agricultural scientists also develop tools to help aid in farmer decision-mak-
ing. These include integration of weather data with pest models so that growers can forecast when certain pests will be most active or at their peak population. This is based on the phenology of the insect or pathogen, along with observed growing degree days. In New Hampshire, we utilize a system through Cornell University called the Network for Environment and Weather Applications (NEWA). Maine uses a similar system. We have
UNIQUE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR NORTHEASTERN US CROP PRODUCTION IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Drought (38.1%)
Heat (10.7%)
Excess Moisture (33.8%)
Frost/Freeze (13.4%)
Primary weather-related crop loss data reported to USDA-FSA, averaged across all crops for the Northeastern USA during the period 2013–2016. Wolfe, D.W., DeGaetano, A.T., Peck, G.M. et al. Unique challenges and opportunities for northeastern US crop production in a changing climate. https://rdcu.be/b361Y
Other (2.3%) Hail (1.7%)
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Kaitly Orde,photo
Kaitly Orde,photo
The use of protected structures, such as hoop house technology, low tunnels, and perforated plastic, shield crops from heavy rain and hail while also reducing pressure from disease and insects, thus lowering pesticide use. The structures typically use a ventilation system to moderate moisture and can easily incorporate shade cloth if needed. Photos provided by Kaitly Orde, Research Associate with UNH’s Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems Department.
deployed over 10 weather stations across the state on farms, typically in orchards or in crop fields. Growers visit NEWA online and see when cucurbit downy mildew spores are forecasted to be active in their neighborhood or when the first codling moth flight is expected. These tools are helpful in understanding a new normal. In the past, insect monitoring
on the brink of entering the state almost every year. Spotted wing drosophila was the first, closely followed by emerald ash borer, then swede midge, leek moth, basil downy mildew, brown marmorated stink bug, and up next will be the spotted lanternfly. If you’re thinking it’s more difficult to farm now than in your parents’ day, you’d be right. When my colleague, George
hardy for our growing zone. The reason? While overall average temperatures may be increasing, we in the Mt. Washington Valley still experience one or more -20°F night every year. Peach buds cannot withstand that level of cold, even in full dormancy (the flower will be destroyed at -14°). The same is true for many plants. If you ask me this question in 10 years,
data from the University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension showed squash vine borer activity beginning July 10 in the MWV region. In the last few years, however, we have had to deploy our trap three weeks earlier. The insect is now flying, mating, and laying eggs before we even put the trap out. Growers may not even be aware the insect is active at this early stage. In my seven years working with growers as a field specialist for UNH Extension, there has been a new invasive pest introduced to New Hampshire, or
Hamilton, started his career in 1989, he had to learn about one new pest per decade. Today, there is a continual onslaught of new invasive insects and disease that change the way that growers run their farms and grow crops. Climate change is not fully to blame for new invasive pests, but is certainly part of the problem. Many folks are hopeful that as temperatures increase, we will be able to grow new crops, such as grapes, figs, or a wider variety of peaches. This is true in some cases, but in general, I do not recommend planting crops that are not
perhaps I will have a different answer, but I would hedge my bets that we will continue to have at least a single night that dips to -15° or -20° for a while now. For those who celebrate warmer weather, understand that new market opportunities will not fix the underlying problems happening to our climate. Changing climate makes fruit production even more of a risky business. Successful bloom is critical for a good harvest. Any frost during this time can reduce or eliminate the crop. In the last five to 10 years, we have seen an expanded
Many folks are hopeful that as temperatures increase, we will be able to grow new crops, such as grapes, figs, or a wider variety of peaches. This is true in some cases, but in general, I do not recommend planting crops that are not hardy for our growing zone. The reason? While overall average temperatures may be increasing, we in the Mt. Washington Valley still experience one or more -20°F night every year.
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Courtesy photo
In the past decade, we have seen an expanded spring period in which fruit trees come out of dormancy earlier in the season, creating a higher risk of frost damage. Lightly misting crops is one strategy of protection.
spring period in which fruit trees come out of dormancy, yet risk of frost has not passed. An early bloom period is not good. When fruit trees bloom earlier, most fruit growers will stay awake through the night monitoring the crop, or they will set up a system of alarms if any spot in the orchard is at risk for frost, which is most likely to occur just before dawn. Lightly misting the delicate blossoms with water vapor is one strategy to protect the crop, as is use of wind turbines to move cold air out of the orchard. Proper site selection of an orchard is more important than ever before. You might have noticed that orchards are often located on the sides of hills—this is because cold air will drain off the slope better than on flat ground, where cold air will pool. Additionally, a south-facing slope is not ideal since trees located there are likely to bloom earlier, putting them at greater risk for spring frost damage. Humidity and regular periods of rain have always been a mainstay of New England agriculture. However, in the period between 2013 to 2016, 40% of crop losses were brought about because of drought. The 2016 drought in New Hampshire not only affected vegetable farmers who ran their wells and irrigation ponds dry, but had perilous influence on the overwintering ability of honeybees. Flowers were unable to produce the critical nectar and pollen for the bees, resulting in poor nutrition for the honeybee. Low nectar availability directly resulted in catastrophic losses that winter, especially in the southern region of the state where the drought was most severe. We are always 10 days away from a drought. I try to communicate to growers, especially new and beginner farmers who have less infrastructure available to them, the importance of setting up irrigation systems before these periods hit. For small-scale vegetable production, setting up drip tape along crop beds with an automated timer can save big on labor and crop stress. These are even more effective if you can sync them
Spring 2020
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Temperatures in New Hampshire have increased approximately 3°F since the beginning of the 20th century (Figure 1). The number of hot days (maximum temperature above 90°F) in New Hampshire has been variable across the period of record (1950–2014). Observed and projected changes (compared to the 1901–1960 average) in near-surface air temperature for New Hampshire. Observed data are for 1900–2014. Projected changes for 2006–2100 are from global climate models for two possible futures: one in which greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase (higher emissions) and another in which greenhouse gas emissions increase at a slower rate (lower emissions). Temperatures in New Hampshire (orange line) have risen about 3°F since the beginning of the 20th century. Shading indicates the range of annual temperatures from the set of models. Observed temperatures are generally within the envelope of model simulations of the historical period (gray shading). Historically unprecedented warming is projected during the 21st century. Less warming is expected under a lower-emissions future (the coldest years being about 3°F warmer than the historical long-term average; green shading) and more warming under a higher-emissions future (the hottest years being about 16°F warmer than the historical long-term average; red shading). Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. www.statesummaries.ncics.org/chapter/nh
with a hydrometer, a tool that measures soil moisture. Irrigation may not be practical or financially viable on large acreage crops such as hay fields, field corn, or wild blueberry fields like those on Foss Mountain. When a hay grower predicts a harvest of 1.7 tons of hay per acre, but only takes half of that off the field due to drought, it is no wonder that farmer stress and farmer suicide rates are at an all-time high nationally. In a large-scale effort to help farmers adapt to extreme weather conditions and a rapidly changing climate, the USDA
changes. They help to modernize on-farm water and energy use, aid in infrastructure development (like high tunnels), and conduct on-farm trials with grower participants to determine which cover crops perform best in our region and have the greatest benefit for carbon storage and water infiltration. Drought, extreme downpours, earlier springs, frost and freeze damage, excessive summer heat, and increasing insect and disease pressure are but a few changes happening on our local farms that we are just beginning to understand.
falls. With an appropriate tillage system and the adoption of intensive cover cropping, farmers can capture excess carbon dioxide and store it in their soils. This is a significant change to how many growers farm, and it will take new equipment, new rotational planning, and perhaps even new varieties of crops. Growers rely on the research developed at land-grant universities, like the University of New Hampshire, to understand how to adopt these climate-friendly practices. They rely on the Natural Resource Conservation Service to help them cost-share these
has developed regional climate Hubs throughout the United States and Caribbean. The Hubs collect regional weather data to assist in reducing crop production risk so that farmers may be able to manage crops successfully through current and future climate changes and trends. Locally here in Carrol County, USDANRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service) assists farmers by cost-sharing conservation practices to mitigate these
Farmers manage lots of risk in their businesses, and changes to our climate present a new risk that they must learn to manage. Supporting small-scale and local agriculture has never been more important than now, as these businesses need our support if they are going to survive. With support, farmers are poised to contribute to a climate solution. The soil they till can hold massive amounts of carbon and can help soak up the rain when it
new practices. They rely on advocates in government to speak for them and push good policies. They rely on consumers like you to purchase these climatefriendly vegetables at their farm stands and farmers markets so that they can continue to farm and begin to capture the excess carbon dioxide that is causing all these issues.
Farmers manage lots of risk in their businesses, and changes to our climate present a new risk that they must learn to manage. Supporting small-scale and local agriculture has never been more important than now, as these businesses need our support if they are going to survive.
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Mt. Washington Valley
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THE MOST ICONIC HATCH IN THE EAST Alder Flies on the Androscoggin River By Dominic Lentini
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indows down and drift boat in tow, we drove through Pinkham Notch. It was one of those lucky days when our boss let us leave work early to fish the evening hatch. I tried to focus while sitting at my desk, but, trout. One hour and 20 minutes later we put the boat in the water. Next, the rods went in the boat. Then, food and gear was stowed away. Our most important cargo? Carter’s 13-year-old chocolate lab, Camo. No one loves fishing more than him. We tied on dry flies. It’s what we were there to fish. But we were a few days too early for the hatch we wanted. No flying bugs and no takers from below. Maybe a wet fly under the surface? Joe’s line went tight within minutes. After he released a beautiful little rainbow, he wasted no time landing two more. Then, my line went tight—but only for a few seconds. A bad hookset. It happens. After the fourth one, though, it becomes frustrating. Determined to break my streak of missed fish, I lined up a perfect cast. It was that rare moment when your line does exactly what you were asking. Landing in a pocket the size of my bathroom sink, it immediately went tight. After a strong tug, I knew it was a big fish. Despite the best efforts of my drag, the fish ran straight downstream when Carter dropped anchor. Then, the line went slack. It goes like that sometimes. Running from Errol, New Hampshire for 178 miles until it joins the Kennebec River at Merrymeeting Bay in Maine, the Androscoggin River—specifically its upper section from Errol to Berlin—is regarded as one of the finest trout fisheries in the east.
Entomart photo
Klementovich photo
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Ryan Daniel Photography
Unfortunately, it’s hypnotizing eddies, glassy tailouts, and fast riffles haven’t always seen the respect and care that they do now. A resource-based economy, Berlin, New Hampshire and the surrounding towns relied on the lumber and paper industry for over 150 years. This took a major toll on the river. In the 1850s, recently invented water-powered turbines led investors to the Berlin area where they built sawmills along the Androscoggin. Every year until 1964, they used the river to float logs down to the mills in an annual log drive. It completely covered the surface of the water. As time passed and these mills diversified, they began processing pulp, chemicals, and paper, as
Act of 1972 was developed. In the 48 years since then, action has been slow, but many of the mills have closed and the river has begun to heal. There’s still a great distance to go before the damage will be fully undone on the Androscoggin’s lower sections, if it ever will be at all. The river’s upper section, though— despite the detrimental effects of the annual log drives—remains a great fishery. Having spent my childhood making periodic trips to the Androscoggin, I’ve noticed this evolution myself. When I was younger, my family would pass through Berlin on our trip to the river’s upper reaches. We could never drive through town with
well. Employing many thousands of locals, they were crucial to the local economy, yet detrimental to the environment. Not only did the mills dam the river, thus blocking the free movement of fish and other wildlife, but they also contaminated it with enormous quantities of waste. Uncontrolled for many years, the pollution became so bad that the Androscoggin was used as a key piece of evidence when the Federal Clean Water
the windows down. The pollution would make us sick, but I was young enough that I didn’t grasp what that really meant. Now, with most of the mills gone, the smell remains nothing but a blurry memory. A wide, meandering river, the Androscoggin’s waters are home to brown trout, rainbow trout, brook trout, and landlocked salmon. While not sought after like their salmonid
Nymphs, streamers, dries—anglers often try them all during a day fishing the Androscoggin. While the river is laden with caddis, mayflies, and stoneflies, it has become famous for the same bug that got us out of work early: the alder fly.
Spring 2020
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Klementovich photo
counterparts, some of the slower stretches of river are also home to warm water species, such as bass, perch, and chain pickerel. Fishable by drift boat or wading, many anglers spend their entire lives learning the intricacies of the river’s soft bends and deep pools. It should be noted that while some stretches of the river are open year round, many others are closed from October 16 through December 31 for the spawning season. So, at the start of the new year, each news season truly begins. With that said, January in New Hampshire has a reputation of being cold. Thus, while some of the more dedicated anglers brave the conditions to find fish in the early winter months, for most, the true fishable season doesn’t begin until April or May. That’s when things get exciting! Nymphs, streamers, dries—anglers often try them all during a day fishing the Androscoggin. While the river is laden with caddis, mayflies, and stoneflies, it has become famous for the same bug that got us out of work early: the alder fly. According to local guide and fishing legend Rick Estes, “The alder fly hatch is the most known hatch on the river because it’s so prolific.” He’ll tell you that it’s fairly schedulable as well. When the water temperature hits 66° and the purple irises are blooming—usually near the third week in June—the hatch is imminent. Once it arrives, it usually runs for between 10 days and two weeks of action-
Adam Romanowicz photo
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packed fishing from Errol to Berlin. Carter Davidson—the man behind the oars when I couldn’t seem to hook a fish—states the anticipation is so strong that it’s almost as if the hatch starts in early June. When he walks into the fly shop, the first question is almost always, “Have you seen any alders yet?” Everyone’s ready and waiting for it. Though it’s called an alder fly, it actually isn’t an alderfly (the proper spelling of the the actual alderfly) at all. Technically a caddis, they got their name from their habit of residing under alder trees. Also referred to as a zebra caddis, they’re much brighter and stouter than your typical caddis. What’s more, they have black antennae that can be nearly three times their body length. When they first emerge, alder fly adults have ginger legs with dark green bodies. Often, as the hatch starts, there are so many bugs that you can see swarms of
According to local guide and fishing legend Rick Estes, “The alder fly hatch is the most known hatch on the river because it’s so prolific.” He’ll tell you that it’s fairly schedulable as well. When the water temperature hits 66° and the purple irises are blooming—usually near the third week in June—the hatch is imminent.
them from the road before you’re even on the river. If you shake a tree it will rain alder flies. As the hatch progresses, the alders darken to black with yellow banding when they return days later to lay their eggs. On this return trip, the female alders dive from the sky and splash into the water where they lay their eggs, often drowning. Because they’re stuck and an easy target, the fish eat more adult alders at this stage in the hatch. In fact, Estes says that it’s easier to fish at this point. Initially, “It can actually be tough to fish because there are so many natural bugs in the water. But by the time they’re returning, there aren’t so many at once.” In order to be prepared for the hatch, anglers should have both light- and
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KNOW YOUR REGULATIONS In most cases, the New Hampshire river fishing season runs from January 1 to October 15, but some areas have additional designations that you need to know. You should always check before you head out to fish. Visit www.wildlife.state.nh.us/fishing/seasons.html Notable designations for the Androscoggin River • Landlocked salmon may not be taken from any body of water after September 30 and before April 1.
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Errol to the markers at the dead water at Bragg Bay is fly fishing only with a two-fish, minimum length 12 inches, bag limit.
•
From the Dummer-Cambridge Town line to Pontook Dam is open yearround, except for salmon.
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From Berlin to Shelburne has no closed season for all species. It’s catch-and-release only with single barbless hooks and artificial flies.
For more info, check out the 2020 New Hampshire Freshwater Fishing Digest at www.eregulations.com/newhampshire/fishing/freshwater. Spring 2020
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THE STAGES OF AN ALDER FLY Courtesy photo
Larvae After they hatch from eggs, alder larvae make underwater silk nets and gelatinous tunnels. Watch out, they’re extremely slippery! Typically, olive and brighter greens are great imitation colors.
Ryan Daniel Photography
Courtesy photo
Rick Estes photo
Pupae In early June, the alder larvae abandon their silk nets and tunnels and create rough casings. Once they grow enough, they break free and head for the surface. A darker green-bodied emerging alder pattern fished around rocks and riffles will serve you well in this stage.
Adults Freshly emerged adults have ginger legs with dark green bodies, which soon darken to black with yellow banding when they return to lay eggs. Fished on the dead drift, both colors will be needed for the hatch.
dark-bodied alder flies in their box. Size 12 is ideal. Presented on the dead drift, they’ll be quite effective. Earlier in the hatch, you can also add an alder wet fly as a dropper to your adult imitation. This is often effective as the trout don’t want to expand energy leaping after the alders as they fly into the air, instead preferring to rely on the easy subsurface meal of the emerging alders. If you arrive early to the hatch like we did, you’ll be happy you added it to your box. As an added trick, towards the end of the hatch you can present the darker-bodied returning
For good reason, the alder hatch is famous for this two-week period of furious activity. “I’ve seen the hatch act as a turning point in a number of anglers’ careers,” Davidson noted. “It makes them totally fall in love with the sport. It’s that much fun.” alder with a forceful cast, mimicking the action of a diving fly. Then, after the dead drift, you can even strip if briefly under water before letting it resurface. For good reason, the alder hatch is famous for this two-week period of furious activity. “I’ve seen the hatch act as a turning point in a number of anglers’ careers,” Davidson noted. “It makes them totally fall in love with the sport. It’s that much fun.” The action doesn’t have to end after those two weeks, though. Soon after being laid, the alder eggs hatch into alder larvae which live and grow in the rivers until they eventually repeat the cycle the following June. As a result, the Androscoggin is filled with alder larvae throughout the fall, winter, and spring fishing seasons. Whether picking them up in the rocks or catching them as they float by, the fish feed on these larvae 50 MWVvibe.com
VISIT YOUR LOCAL FLY SHOP Whether a veteran angler or first-timer, anyone can benefit from hiring a guide. Stop by one of your local shops for recommendations, more information, and to get the right flies in your box! A. L.L. Cote Errol, NH (800) 287-7700 www.llcote.com
A B
B. North Country Angler North Conway, NH (603) 356-6000 www.northcountryangler.com
C
C. Mountain High Fly Lincoln, NH (603) 348-7447 www.mountainhighfly.com
for most of the year. Alder larvae will make a great addition to your fly box. Despite our carefully timed early release from work, we missed the hatch by a few days. However, we made up for it by fishing the pre-hatch alder pupae under the surface. I should say Joe made up for it, because I still managed to miss just about every fish I turned that night. I think I landed something eventually, but I was hardly able to save face. Having spent hours on the river, we were fast approaching sunset. Since we could hardly see to cast, Carter began our 20-minute row to the takeout. But right as the light left us, we hit a hatch that’s arguably more famous than the alder: the mosquito. I’ve lived in New Hampshire most of my life. I’m used to mosquitos. It’s part of living here. But this was like nothing we had ever seen before, and that’s not hyperbole. My legs, arms, face, ears—every piece of exposed skin—were plastered in them. I jumped up and down. I swung my jacket in circles. I wore a shirt for pants. I yelled. I curled up in a ball. I thought about casting, but it was impossible. It goes like that sometimes. A few days later I was back to try to find some alders. A special thank you to Hatch Guide for New England Streams, by Thomas Ames, Jr. for being one of the definitive sources on alder flies and a crucial source for this article. An additional thank you to Rick Estes and Carter Davidson for their guidance and knowledge throughout the writing process.
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FACING CLIMATE CHANGE
IN THE WHITE MOUNTAINS By Brian Fitzgerald and Eric Kelsey, Mount Washington Observatory
Spring 2020
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HOW THE MOUNT WASHINGTON OBSERVATORY AIMS TO ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE WHITE MOUNTAIN REGION On a seasonably mild mid-February day, Zach extends his arms over the undisturbed snowpack, holding the top of a 2-inch diameter, 4-foot aluminum tube. He allows gravity to help him ensure he is holding the tube vertically. With a steady push, he plunges the tube down through the snowpack. His arms and tube abruptly stop. Somewhat reluctantly, he slowly lifts the tube vertically out of the new hole but sees nothing but a conglomerate of rounded 1-2 mm diameter snow grains. With another plunge of the tube about a foot away from the first hole, Zach repeats his motions. This time he finds several brown fir needles stuck to the bottom of the snow core. Satisfied that he captured a full core of the snowpack, a quick calculation shows that this snowpack contains 10 inches of water. At some point within the next two months, most of this snow will melt, percolate into the ground, and displace a near-equal amount of ground water into nearby streams and rivers. If the snow melts quickly and/or is combined with falling rain, flooding may result downstream, posing a serious risk to people and infrastructure. These types of flooding events have become more frequent in recent years across northern New England in response to human-caused climate change and are likely to be a major problem for decades to come.
Z
ach Butler and Stephen Baron are graduate students at Plymouth State University (PSU) in the M.S. in applied meteorology program. Zach was also a Mount Washington Observatory (MWO) intern during the summer and fall of 2018. They are a part of the Snowpack Sensing Project team, including PSU graduate students Sophia Adams, Ben Bleiman, and Francis Tarasiewicz, a research project led by Dr. Eric Kelsey, MWO lead research scientist and research associate professor of meteorol-
Earth’s climate is changing. We know through investigations of ice cores that the Earth’s climate has always changed; however, recent and unprecedented amounts of greenhouse gases emitted from human activities have caused a rapid warming of our planet. Evidence for this recent, rapid change is found across a variety of places globally, including but not limited to: rising air and ocean temperatures, shrinking ice sheets and glaciers, sea level rise, reduced snow cover throughout the
ogy at PSU. The long-term goal of the project aims to measure how much water is locked up in the snowpack in the White Mountains to improve flooding predictions by hydrologic models. It is one of two significant research projects run by MWO that aims to advance our understanding of how climate change is impacting the White Mountain Region.
northern hemisphere, ocean acidification, declining sea ice and an increase in the frequency and severity of certain extreme weather events. Across the United States, impacts from sea level rise in places like Boston and Miami are being felt, while heatwaves, flooding, and—conversely—drought in some regions have
WITH DATA RECORDS CREEPING TOWARD A CENTURY OF COLLECTION, THE SUMMIT OF THE NORTHEAST’S TALLEST PEAK IS WARMING SIGNIFICANTLY OVER TIME; HOWEVER, MORE SLOWLY THAN MOST LOCATIONS THROUGHOUT THE REGION.
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ABOVE LEFT: Graduating students from Plymouth State University, Benjamin Bleiman (left) and former MWO intern, Zach Butler (right), are a part of the Snowpack Sensing Project team, also including PSU graduate students Sophia Adams, Ben Bleiman, Stephen Baron, and Francis Tarasiewicz (not shown). RIGHT: Dr. Eric Kelsey (black hat), MWO lead research scientist and research associate professor of meteorology at PSU, and hydrologist/technician Dan Evans, also of PSU (orange hat), work with the snowpack team to assemble a snowpack sensing station near Hermit Lake.
grown more problematic. For coastal communities and islands in the tropics, stronger hurricanes in recent years have had historic and devastating effects. When we zoom in even further to examine the impacts from climate change across New Hampshire and in particular, the White Mountains, there are many flavors of local change. Atop the summit of Mount Washington at 6,288 feet sits the non-profit Mount Washington Observatory’s weather station, which began weather observation in 1932. With data records creeping toward a century of collection, the summit of the Northeast’s tallest peak is warming significantly over time; however, more slowly than most locations throughout the region. Additionally, warming is not consistent across the seasons, with winter warming the fastest on the Rockpile. With significant snowpacks that get built up across the White Mountains, an increase in the number and severity of rain-on-snow events leads to more frequent and severe flooding. One effort at Mount Washington Observatory that is attempting to quantify, and even predict, these flooding events is the Snowpack Sensing Project. This project, being led by Dr. Eric Kelsey, is aiming to measure how much water is locked up in the snowpack in the White Mountains to improve flooding predictions by hydrologic models. It is one of two significant research projects run by MWO that aims to advance our understanding of how climate change is impacting the White Mountain Region. The means to achieving the long-term goal of this snowpack research project is by developing a network of low-cost snowpack sensing platforms to increase the spatial coverage of snowpack observations. The key variables that need to be measured are snowpack temperature, snow depth, and snow water equivalent (SWE)—the amount of water locked up in the snowpack. The goals of the first winter of the project, 2018-19, were to demonstrate that a low-cost open-source datalogger, called a Mayfly by EnviroDIY, could perform the same functions as a commercial datalogger that costs 15 times more and endure a full winter on Mount Washington. Snowpack sensing stations were built to measure a profile of snowpack, ground temperature, and snow depth, and were powered by a small lithium battery and 2W solar panel. Understanding snowpack temperature gives a measure of how close the snowpack is to melting. Stations were deployed along the Tuckerman Ravine and Sherburne Trails on Mount Washington, and students, along Spring 2020
with Dr. Kelsey, made regular trips to maintain the stations and take SWE measurements before and after significant precipitation events. This data was sent regularly to the National Weather Service to put into their snow and hydrologic models. The stations performed to satisfaction and logged data throughout the winter and spring with few interruptions. During the second winter, 2019-20, two improved sensor platforms were installed on Mount Washington near Hermit Lake and at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) in Thornton, New Hampshire. The station at HBEF is co-located with an identical station that is being run on a commercial data-
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LEFT: The goals of the first winter of the project, 2018-19, were to demonstrate that a low-cost open-source datalogger, called a Mayfly by EnviroDIY, could perform the same functions as a commercial datalogger that costs 15 times more and endure a full winter on Mount Washington. Snowpack sensing stations were built to measure a profile of snowpack, ground temperature, and snow depth, and were powered by a small lithium battery and 2W solar panel. RIGHT: In August and September 2016, MWO, Plymouth State University, and collaborators from the Appalachian Mountain Club and Dartmouth College tested a novel methodology to determine summit air mass type and the processes driving boundary layer height changes on and around Mount Washington.
logger. The two temperature profiles will be compared to validate that the Mayfly can log research-grade temperatures comparable to the industry standard. The snowpack station near Hermit Lake is being used to test radios to transmit the data. This station has a LoRa radio that transmits the snowpack temperature data to MWO servers for display on the internet. The LoRa radio is low-power (great for battery-solar powered stations) and long range (over 5 miles). Hourly data transmissions are occurring with few problems. The real-time data can be viewed on the MWO Research webpage. The automated stations measure temperature and snow depth with relative ease, but measuring SWE accurately is challenging, to say the least. Automated instruments are expensive and can have large errors in certain conditions. Measurements by aircraft are expensive,
can be inaccurate in rugged and forested terrain, and the spatial coverage is limited. The scientific standard for accuracy is still manual measurements, which involves extracting a core of snow, from surface to the ground, with a metal tube. Weighing the snow core and knowing the diameter of the tube, one can calculate the SWE. The method is simple, relatively quick, and can be repeated several times in a location to find an average SWE for that area. The biggest downside is that it is labor intensive if one wants to measure SWE across a large, rugged area, such as the White Mountains. However, if a set of spatially dense observations can provide a detailed picture of how SWE varies across a rugged landscape, one can use that spatial variability to interpolate between a relatively few number of carefully selected SWE measurements taken periodically throughout the winter. Per-
ELEVATION-DEPENDENT WARMING TRENDS PER DECADE FOR 1970-2012 IN DEGREES FAHRENHEIT Mount Washington* +0.52 Mount Mansfield** +0.50 Pinkham Notch* +0.61 Berlin +0.50 Bethlehem +0.63 First Connecticut Lake +0.61 Hanover +0.50 Hubbard Brook +0.52 Durham +0.56 Keene +0.72 Trends are for *1970-2018, **1970-2016
forming this work is another long-term goal of this research. In additional to more frequent snowmelt flooding, warming temperatures throughout the White Mountains also pose many unknown risks to the fragile alpine zone and other lower-elevation ecosystems. The rate of warming will be a critical determinant of the changes that occur in the mountains. In the Northeast, the rate of warming varies with elevation: since 1970, the high elevations of Mount Washington and Mount Mansfield (Vermont) have warmed at about half as fast as the surrounding lower elevations (~0.3 vs. ~0.6 degrees C per decade, respectively). What makes this observation intriguing is that most other mountain ranges around the world are experiencing faster warming rates at higher elevations than nearby lower elevations. Furthermore, nearly all climate model projections indicate higher elevations will warm faster during the 21st century. Why is the Northeast bucking recent global trends and climate models? The answer may lie in the variable air masses the higher elevations experience that the lower elevations do not. As early as 1941, MWO scientist Victor Conrad recognized that for part of the year, the summit of Mount Washington experiences an air mass different from the air mass lowest to the ground. This lowest air mass that is always in contact with the ground at lower elevations is called the boundary layer. In 2005, MWO scientist Andrea Grant and her collaborators estimated that the summit is above the boundary layer, in an air mass called the free troposphere, roughly 50 percent
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of the year. The boundary layer and the free troposphere are two distinct air masses, often with large differences in temperature, moisture, and clouds. (If you have ever had the pleasure of hiking above treeline and noticed cloud tops below you, then you hiked into the free troposphere.) It makes sense, then, that if the summit of Mount Washington spends roughly half of the year in an air mass different from the low elevations, this could cause a different warming rate—often referred to as “elevationdependent warming.” A team of researchers, including Dr. Adriana Bailey (researcher with the National Center for Atmospheric Research), Georgia Murray (senior researcher at the Appalachian Mountain Club), and Kelsey are the first to propose this idea and aim to put it to the test. A key first step is to develop a robust method to diagnose the type of air mass at the summit at any given time. From other research, it is evident that no single meteorological variable measured on a mountain will always tell you the
set out to capture the changes in boundary layer depth from prior-to-sunrise to just-after-sunset using several weather variables. During two days in August and September, they measured vertical profiles of water vapor at intervals along the Auto Road from the base to the summit by driving a water vapor analyzer up and down the mountain in a pick-up truck. Kelsey, Bailey, and Murray performed these measurements about eight times on each of the two days. These along-slope measurements supplemented the continuous measurements of temperature, humidity, and wind at the summit and at six MWO weather stations along the Mount Washington Auto Road. Meanwhile, PSU meteorology students launched weather balloons from the base of the Auto Road to obtain temperature, humidity, and wind profiles over the valley away from the direct influence of the mountain slopes. This approach to determine boundary layer height worked—the team was able to use the along-slope data to
air mass type. However, several variables are good indicators some of the time, and combining these variables may help piece together a more complete timeline of summit air mass type. In 2016, the research team tested the idea that several weather variables must be measured to state definitively what air mass is at the summit most of the time. In 2016, the team
determine, with confidence, when the boundary layer was at the summit. The most interesting result, however, occurred on August 19 when comparing the along-slope weather data to the free air data collected by the weather balloons. The height of the boundary layer over the valley was 400 feet lower than its height along Mount Washington during the morning. Why? Lo-
IN THE NORTHEAST, THE RATE OF WARMING VARIES WITH ELEVATION: SINCE 1970, THE HIGH ELEVATIONS OF MOUNT WASHINGTON AND MOUNT MANSFIELD (VERMONT) HAVE WARMED AT ABOUT HALF AS FAST AS THE SURROUNDING LOWER ELEVATIONS.
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With over 87 years of data collected on the summit of Mount Washington, there is a seemingly never-ending opportunity to ask questions and seek answers about the physical and natural environment. Along with those research opportunities is the chance to educate the public about Earth’s weather and climate. It’s likely that many people have never visited a weather station before, let alone taken an official weather observation or compiled climate statistics; however, at MWO, it’s possible for people to either physically visit the summit weather station or learn about the basics of its operation through a variety of educational formats. For those fortunate enough to visit the summit of Mount Washington, MWO offers the Extreme Mount Washington museum during the summer months (free admission is included in a round-trip ticket for those traveling on the Mt. Washington Auto Road or Cog Railway), and tours of the weather station itself for members of the nonprofit MWO. In summer and winter, themed-overnight and day edu-programs allow visitors to stay at the weather station and learn about climate recording in a more intimate way. Off the mountain, there are still more ways to connect with the summit’s weather and climate, including at the Weather Discovery Center in North Conway Village, traveling educator programs, distance learning videoconference programs live from the summit weather station, lecture series, and workshops. Last but not least, MWO is partnering with educators at the University of Maine, the University of Washington, Concord Consortium, and the Education Development Center to create rural middle-school-focused curriculum for students using extreme weather data collected from MWO and from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Spring update: While the Observatory enjoys sharing its weather and climate mission with visitors, the Discovery Center and some in-person offerings may be temporarily unavailable. You can keep in touch with what is happening at the Observatory on its website and participate in free virtual classroom lessons at www.facebook.com/MWObs and online at www.mountwashington.org/classroom.
cal effects caused by the mountain explain this difference. The wind at the summit was 30 to 40 miles per hour from the west in the morning, which means that the wind was likely pushed upslope from a lower elevation to the summit. Indeed, the morning weather balloon temperature and humidity profiles
tion layer between the boundary layer and the free troposphere, called the entrainment zone, was able to descend upon the summit. Because the lower free troposphere is associated with warmer and drier air, the summit temperature warmed a couple of degrees and the humidity varied wildly between high humidi-
confirm that the air at the summit originated from about 400 feet below the summit and that the air was from the boundary layer. The presence of a cloud covering the summit was also an indicator of upslope flow. In contrast, the weather balloon profiles indicated that warmer and drier free troposphere air was present at the summit elevation over the valley. Between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m., the summit wind decreased to only 5 to 15 miles per hour and was not strong enough to push boundary layer air to the summit. As a consequence, the transi-
ty (boundary layer air) and very low humidity (free troposphere air). The period of time in the entrainment zone might have continued if it were not for the strong August sunshine warming and expanding the boundary layer upward past the summit elevation by about 400 feet between 1 and 5 p.m. The observations suggest that for this entire period (11 a.m. to 5 p.m.), the boundary layer height on the mountain and over the valleys was about the same because of the light winds.
LASTLY, IF THE AMOUNT OF TIME THE SUMMIT SPENDS IN THE BOUNDARY LAYER CHANGES IN THE FUTURE, THE SUMMIT COULD SEE ITS SLOW WARMING TREND CHANGE—MOST LIKELY TO A FASTER WARMING RATE. THIS COULD HAVE HUGE RAMIFICATIONS FOR THE WHITE MOUNTAIN REGION WINTER RECREATION INDUSTRY, LOCAL MOUNTAIN ECONOMIES, AND THE MOUNTAIN ECOSYSTEMS THAT, UP UNTIL THIS POINT, HAVE BENEFITTED FROM SLOWER HIGH-ELEVATION WARMING.
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This event and other cases support high elevation exposure to different air masses as a possible cause for the summit to be witnessing a slower warming trend than the surrounding low elevations that are always in the boundary layer. If true, the implications are varied and important: • First, all mountains of a certain prominence above surrounding valleys may spend a significant amount of time above the boundary layer, and therefore have a different temperature trend than surrounding lower elevations.
• Second, the height of the boundary layer as measured by the twice-daily weather balloon launches at nearly 100 National Weather Service (NWS) offices cannot be used to infer the boundary layer height in nearby mountain ranges under many atmospheric patterns. Instead, mountains must be outfitted with a vertical profile of weather stations in order to determine definitively the height of the boundary layer on the mountain slopes. • Third, since most poor air quality days in the White Mountains occur when the mountain slopes are in the free troposphere, future changes in the frequency of free troposphere exposure have important health consequences for humans and sensitive alpine ecosystems.
• Lastly, if the amount of time the summit spends in the boundary layer changes in the future, the summit could see its slow warming trend change—most likely to a faster warming rate. This could have huge ramifications for the White Mountain region winter recreation industry, local mountain economies, and the mountain ecosystems that, up until this point, have benefitted from slower high-elevation warming. It’s vital to continue this research—and other like it—so we can document baselines for data allowing us to anticipate, indicate, and predict notable events, especially those that can impact our lives on many levels. As Mount Washington Observatory looks ahead toward 100 years of observation, the motivation to learn more about the Earth’s weather and climate will continue to grow stronger and stronger. Given the complexities of weather and climate systems, high-quality data from the summit of Mount Washington and nearby remote stations will add to our collective understanding of how a shifting climate in the broad sense may impact our region in a locally informed way. In the shortterm, of course, we’ll continue to marvel at the extremes of Mount Washington, and the raw power of Mother Nature. The hands-on research experience of the snowpack project is educating and inspiring college students like Zach and Stephen to pursue research and forecasting careers. By taking snowpack measurements themselves, they gain an intimate understanding of the importance of high-quality data in understanding local climate changes. They are learning the numerous environmental factors and extraction methods that can influence the weight of the snow cores that they extract, such as canopy interception of snow, snow drifting, slope, and how they push the aluminum tube through the snowpack. They know that their measurements can have a significant impact on what happens downstream. Spring 2020
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Preserving a Simpler Way of Life at the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm By Lauren Clem
A
few steps away from the bustle of Tamworth’s Main Street, just up the road from where tourists shop for groceries along the banks of the Swift River and cars pack the municipal parking lot on
and showcasing an agricultural way of life. As they emerge from the museum’s main building, visitors are treated to an expansive view of cows grazing in pasture against the backdrop of scenic Mount
“We offer a quiet moment that you can step back from the world,” said Cara Sutherland, the museum’s executive director. “I’ve had people with small children tell me it’s nice to come here to
Saturdays, an oasis of calm greets visitors to the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm. Once the home of six generations of the Remick family, the property now serves as an educational center and farm, preserving a piece of Tamworth history
Chocorua as they explore a working farm that provides educational programs for tourists and locals alike. Behind them, two historic homes serve as the centerpiece of the museum’s historical exhibits, tracing the role of the country doctor and life in the 20th century.
allow your child to run.” In 1993, Dr. Edwin C. Remick, the younger of two doctors in the Remick family, left the property under the care of the Edwin C. Remick Foundation as part of his final will and testament, ensuring its preservation for future generations.
The two Remick family doctors witnessed a century of Tamworth history while caring for many generations of the same families.
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TOP: The elder Dr. Remick is pictured in a Model T Ford in front of the property’s horse stable. ABOVE LEFT: An undated photo shows the younger Dr. Remick standing atop a wagon of hay on the farm while another man looks on from below. ABOVE RIGHT: Dr. Edwin Crafts Remick, left, and his father, the elder Dr. Edwin Remick, pictured together in an undated photograph. Above photos courtesy of the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm.
“Doc,” as he is affectionately known by museum staff and locals, had served Tamworth as the local physician since graduating from Tufts Medical School in 1929, continuing to see patients until his death, just shy of his 90th birthday. His father, the elder Dr. Edwin Remick, founded the practice after graduating from Vermont Medical School in 1894. Between the two of them, they worked in the Tamworth community for 99 years, establishing a family legacy that survives today. As Faithe Miller Lakowicz, the museum’s former curator, explained, the Remicks offered a manner of care largely unheard of in the medical world today. Known as country doctors, they operated Spring 2020
far from the resources of large cities, offering care in everything from obstetrics to dentistry in their home-based office or on house calls to the surrounding countryside. Sometimes, she said, patients paid in goods or labor for medical care they wouldn’t otherwise be able to afford. The two doctors witnessed a century of Tamworth history while caring for many generations of the same families. In 1918, the elder Dr. Remick was on hand when the devastating flu pandemic sweeping the world arrived in Tamworth. Later, his son would serve as town health officer and school physician, seeing patients who occasionally find their way to the museum today to share stories of Doc’s love of race-
horses and well-practiced ear. “As a physician, [he offered] a level of patient care and intimacy that we just don’t see today,” said Miller Lakowicz. “People’s doctors don’t let them sit over a cup of coffee and gab, even if that might be the best thing for them.” In addition to the medical practice, the property was used as a farm. In 1934, Doc founded the Hillsdale Dairy in response to a need for pasteurized milk at the local CCC camp. A herd of Holstein dairy cows moved onto the property, which also housed Doc’s racehorses and other agricultural pursuits. He and his wife Marion lived in a three-story historic home they shared with farmhands and
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The Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm continues to educate new generations about the legacy of the country doctor and New Hampshire’s agricultural history through workshops, community programs, and the sale of farm products. other staff. The house, once a stagecoach stop that sheltered visitors on their way from Mount Whittier Station to the mountains in the north, was a wedding present from the elder Dr. Remick. Upstairs, framed photographs and furniture
with seasonal ingredients from the farm. Outside, the farm is home to many animals, including a miniature horse named Sadie, Nubian goats, North Country Cheviot sheep, chickens, beef and dairy cattle, and pigs. Lindsey McAllister,
as generations become further and further away from where their food comes from.” McAllister, like many locals, had her own experience at the Remick farm growing up. A native of Effingham, she worked at Remick summer camp as a teenager
record the eccentricities of their daily life together, including photos of Doc’s racehorses and door flaps for their many cats. Though the sprawling property—just under 100 acres—is rich with history, it’s also very much alive, a center of activity for both visitors and the staff. The staff offers annual events to give visitors a taste of farm life in every season, from maple sugaring in the spring to a harvest festival in the fall. In the hearth room attached to Doc’s one-time home, visitors can join a local fiber arts group or partake in a hearthside dinner prepared
farm manager, oversees the farm’s daily activities, heading the 4-H Club and guiding visitors through daily milking chores during the summer months. The club, started in 2015, is the only 4-H dairy program in Carroll County and serves as a resource for children and teens with limited access to rural life. “It really seemed like a natural fit to pay homage to [Dr. Remick] in a way,” said McAllister. “His dream and his goal was that this place would connect people to the agricultural way of life, and what better way to do that with these kids? Especially now,
before studying animal science at the University of New Hampshire. Later, she and her husband worked on commercial dairy farms in Vermont, putting in 100 hours a week before returning to Carroll County in search of a simpler way of life. They might not bale hay by hand anymore, but the farm, like the historic homes, maintains a tight connection to the property’s history. Two years ago, when McAllister went to register the farm’s new heifers with the Holstein Association, she learned Doc’s original Hillsdale Dairy account was still on file in
Once the home of six generations of the Remick family, the property now serves as an educational center and farm, preserving a piece of Tamworth history and showcasing an agricultural way of life.
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Medicine Through the Ages Exhibits at the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm highlight the changes in medicine over time. While today’s patients typically pick up a plastic bottle of pills with a childproof lid from the nearest pharmacy chain, for hundreds of years, residents relied on plant-based remedies or purchased medicines from local doctors to treat a variety of illnesses. One example of a modern medicine that traces its roots to herbal remedies is aspirin. As far back as ancient Greece, physicians used willow bark to treat pain and fever. The active ingredient in willow bark is closely related to acetylsalicylic acid, the laboratory-derived compound first isolated in 1897. Two years later, the Bayer company of Germany began marketing the new product, and a staple of modern medicine cabinets was born.
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An undated photo shows the outside of the Captain Enoch Remick House, now a museum on the history of the country doctor. Above photos courtesy of the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm.
the organization’s records, giving them an opportunity to continue the name with the new herd. “One hundred years later, we’re going to be able to have Holstein calves here with his same farm prefix,” she said with excitement. In addition to its educational offerings, the museum sells farm-raised beef, pork, lamb, and chicken in its museum store, and carries herbs and other Remick-made products. Sutherland said she sees the museum’s farming activities as an increasingly important part of their mission, as customers try to reconnect with their food sources and find products they can trust. “There is a need and an opportunity for us to address agricultural literacy and help people understand where food comes from, and the relationship between food and health—and that ties in to the medical side of the museum,” she explained. Those seeking to learn more about the medical side of the family’s history Spring 2020
head to the Captain Enoch Remick House, located a few doors down from the home where Doc and Marion once lived. Like its counterpart up the street, the house has a long Tamworth history. Once an inn and tavern where travelers stopped on their way through town, the building also served as the home of Captain Enoch Remick, the first sheriff of Carroll County, and hosted town meetings in the 1800s. According to local lore, a stray bullet from a night of raucous partying at the Barnstormers Theatre next door once made its way through the front door, creating the bullet hole that’s still visible today. The house was built in the early 1800s by John Remick and passed down through successive generations of the family. In 1904, Dr. Edwin Remick Sr. purchased the property from relatives and opened his medical practice on the first floor, making his home in the apartment above. Later, the younger Dr. Remick moved into the home after Marion’s death and continued the medical practice there
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Remick Family Timeline
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1779 – Enoch Remick purchases 200 acres of land in Tamworth, the first of six generations of Remicks on the property. 1866 – The elder Dr. Edwin Remick is born. 1894 – Dr. Remick graduates from Vermont Medical School and returns to Tamworth to found his medical practice. 1903 – Dr. Edwin Crafts Remick, the younger of two Remick family doctors, is born. 1904 – Dr. Remick purchases the Captain Enoch Remick House from relatives and moves into the home with his wife Emily Crafts Remick, and son. The family lives on the second floor while the doctor operates his practice on the first floor. 1918 – The flu pandemic known as the Spanish Influenza reaches Tamworth and is the number one cause of death that year. At boarding school, the younger Edwin Remick’s roommate succumbs to the disease, causing Remick’s father to send for him to return home.
1929 – The elder Dr. Remick presents newlyweds Dr. Edwin Crafts Remick and Marion Miles Remick with a house on what is now Cleveland Hill Road. The younger doctor graduates from Tufts Medical School. 1934 – Dr. Edwin Crafts Remick opens Hillsdale Dairy, which operates on the property until 1969. 1935 – The elder Dr. Remick dies, leaving his son to continue the practice. 1993 – Dr. Edwin Crafts Remick dies. In his will, he creates the Edwin C. Remick Foundation to preserve the property as a museum and educational center. 1996 – The property opens to the public as the Remick Country Doctor Museum & Farm. 2015 – The farm starts a 4-H Club, offering the only dairy program in Carroll County. 2017 – Holstein dairy cows are reintroduced to the property.
until his own death in 1993. A quick glance around the home reveals Doc’s many interests and the decades that passed as he ran his practice. In the office, a 1975 Red Sox American League championship team baseball— caught by Marion on the head during a visit to spring training—sits next to a framed photograph of Ted Williams, and a commemorative photo of President George H. W. Bush smiles down from the wall. Next door in the pharmacy, bottles with names like “Tincture Belladonna” and “Cod Liver Oil Cordial” line the wooden shelves, while in the hall, a specially built phone system allowed patients to call in from outside for late-night visits. After his death in 1993, Doc’s nurse, Earline Wright, and two of his assistants, Geraldine Eldridge and Winnifred Mitchell, began the task of sorting and cataloguing the family’s collection. In 1996, the property reopened as a museum, and the Captain Enoch Remick House, as well as several of the outbuildings, were placed
on the National Register of Historic Places. Since then, the museum has continued to evolve as society’s interests, and its experience of country life, changes. On a Saturday afternoon last fall, a flock of barn swallows gathered on a telephone wire outside the Captain Enoch Remick House, where local birding groups sometimes lead tours of the property. A short distance away, tourists made their way up the street for coffee at the Tamworth Lyceum, once the site of the local country store, or headed for Tamworth Distilling to sip craft spirits in the former Tamworth Inn. Like the town around it, the Remick Museum has reinvented itself for the modern era, and Sutherland said they hope to continue to refine their mission in the years ahead. It’s a place where the past is never quite forgotten, just remade for a new generation in old buildings where the signs bear new names. “History is not the distant far past,” she said. “History is happening all around us on a daily basis.”
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A short distance away, tourists make their way up the street for coffee at the Tamworth Lyceum, once the site of the local country store, or headed for Tamworth Distilling to sip craft spirits in the former Tamworth Inn.
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ANNUAL EVENTS Throughout the year the museum holds engaging, familyfriendly events, offering a season-based celebration of bygone and timeless rural New Hampshire practices and traditions.
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Ice Harvest & Winter Carnival | February
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Know of an interesting story, past or present, pertaining to the Valley? See something here that isn’t accurate? Let us know! Send suggestions or corrections to info@mwvvibe.com. Portland & Ogdensburg Railroad Dwellings In the late 1880s, Portland & Ogdensburg Railroad Company built a number of dwellings, or section houses, along portions of track where the foremen lived. Each foreman was responsible for curating sections of the track and many homes served as telegraph stations and post offices. Since housing was in short supply, the railroad workers would stay with the loc.gov (Library of Congress) families until work was completed or the next Mount Willard Dwelling train came through. A number of families lived in the dwellings into the 1970s and beyond. The Mount Willard Dwelling saw its last foreman in 1963, and with declining railroad usage was combined with the Willey House Dwelling, which served as post office and telegraph office at one time. The Willey Dwelling was abandoned in 1976, the Carrigain Dwelling was razed in 1989, and the Sawyer’s River Dwelling is still being used as a rental home. Snow Tractors on Mount Washington From the creation of the bridle path in 1840 to the carriage road in 1861 and the Cog Railroad in 1869, Mount Washington summit workers have found ways to transport their supplies and equipment to the 6,288-foot summit in all seasons. Most were hauled up and down on their backs, the carriage road, or using the Cog Railway. In 1932, when the Mount Washington Observatory was established by Joe Dodge, White Mountains Remembered Bob Monahan, and others, workers were still using the same tactics to transport supplies. During the early 1940s through the 1960s, the U.S. Military was conducting research on the summit when the first over-snow ascent took place. The first vehicles were “weasels,’’ made by Studebaker, along with Tucker Sno Cats, and others. More aptly named “snow tractors,” these vehicles were not equipped with snowplows and were not always the most reliable for summit travel. Many GIs had to shovel snow to clear a path so they would not slide down the hill. Four snow tractors were used during the U.S. Military’s time on the summit and they were refurbished in order to meet the terrain’s unusual needs. Howard Dearborn - inn owner, entrepreneur Howard K. Dearborn, formally of Ohio, moved his family to Kearsarge, NH in the 1940s. Dearborn was an inventor, philanthropist, engineer, and entrepreneur, who bought an inn near Mount Cranmore and ran a successful business for many seasons. He had a good relationship with Cranmore, especially during the winter season. They allowed guests to test his inventions— with camera crews present—to showcase, not www.mainememory.net/artifact/17511 only the mountain, but also the local talent. During the Brownfield fire in 1947, he joined the fire patrol and carried men and water in his jeep up Burnt Meadow Mountain. He loved adventure and learned to be a pilot, purchasing his first airplane in 1967. He later moved to Fryeburg, Maine, where he continued to invent and create products for nuclear and aircraft industries, starting Dearborn Precision Tubular Products, Inc. Dearborn’s company is still in operation today and employs many local people.
Alfred Vials, also known as “Old English Jack,” was the “Old Hermit of Crawford Notch” who entertained guests of The Crawford House in the summer months with stories of his adventures. Originally from England, English Jack made his way to the United States and found employment with the Portland & Ogdensburg Railroad, which eventually brought him to the White Mountains. He died in 1912 at the age of 85 and is buried in Twin Mountain Cemetery. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was created by Franklin Delano Roosevelt during the Depression years of the 1930s. It was given authority by the government to hire unemployed and unmarried men ages 18-25 to be put to work on conservation projects and in the National Forests. They made camp in Glen, NH from 1934-39 and worked on a number of projects, ranging from building fire towers, cutting hiking trails (still in use today), helping rescue hikers, cleaning up after the 1938 hurricane, and building the Willey Site, a public camping ground. Rear Admiral Robert Edwin Peary, credited with discovering the North Pole, lived in Fryeburg, Maine from 1877-1881. He served as the town curator, a taxidermist, and a justice of the peace. Over the course of 23 years, Peary made three attempts to find the North Pole and lead eight expeditions to the north. In April of 1909, on his final expedition, he stood on the geographical pole of the earth, a feat no other human being had accomplished. He sent a telegraph to New York stating, “Stars and Stripes nailed to North Pole—Peary.” Starting in the 1830s, towns in New England began to create homes for people with mental disabilities and those who could not take care of themselves. They called them almshouses or poor farms, and in many cases, those living in the homes would perform manual labor. By the 1860s, each county had their own houses, but they were beginning to realize that those who were worse off should not be with the others. They began to build what became known as mental institutions, allowing for those who needed more care to properly receive it.
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