Nimiipuu Tribal Tribune, Vol. 3, Issue 15 by Wild Horses Thunder

Chief Joseph Days

Northwest Indian College Information

Nimiipuu Fund Golf Scramble Information

Pages 6 & 7

Page 17

Page 8

N I M I I P U U T

Waw’ama’ayq’áal / August

Chief Joseph Foundation Royalty at the longhouse on the ridgepoint at the Return to Am’sáaxpa event held Thursday, July 29, 2021 in Joseph, Oregon.

has worked to keep a connection to the ancestral land they were driven from over a hundred years ago. In 1877 they were forced from their 7.5 million-acre homeland to a 750,000-acre reservation away from Wallowa. Last year, the Nez Perce Tribe

Volume 3 / Issue 15

Over 150 Nimiipuu Gather and Return to Am’sáaxpa

On July 29, 2021, over 150 Nimiipuu traveled and gathered in Joseph, Oregon for an emotional, heartwarming historical event. Some may look at the property as an economic plus, but the Nez Perce people look at it as a homecoming. For years, the tribe

purchased and reclaimed a small part of their homelands. Last December the Tribe bought a property consisting of 148 acres in Joseph, known to Nimiipuu as am'sáaxpa, (Place of Boulders). Due to the pandemic, all plans to formally introduce and perform a blessing ceremony tribal members could attend, was set on hold. The property is located at the edge of the city's rodeo grounds, surrounded by the Wallowa Mountains. The property includes a house near Airport Road, built in 1884, barns, Continue Reading Am’sáaxpa on Page 3

Remembering the Battle at Big Hole Many tragedies occurred to Native nations. Murdered, stolen, beat, raped, massacred. 144 years ago, in the early morning of August 9, 1877, was the beginning attack on the Nimiipuu as they were sleeping. U.S. soldiers began the bloody clash just west of present day Wisdom, Montana. A Nimiipuu family woke to the sound of gun shots. The wife told her husband to get his gun and fight. He told her to grab their 2-year-old daughter and run for the willows. However, the child was not in the tipi. The mother began frantically searching for her. When she stepped outside of their tipi, she found the little girl walking toward the soldiers and their flashing rifles. The mother sprinted toward her, but before she could get to her daughter, the little girl was shot. This was the beginning of the Big Hole battle. The mother grabbed her child and was also shot in the back. The mother survived and buried her child two days later, somewhere on the trail in an unmarked grave. Continue Reading Big Hole on Pages 4 & 5

CULTURAL

Nimiipuutímtki- The People’s Language (Nee-mee-poo-timt-key) August

Tepee Tepee Pole Friend Swimming River Summer It’s warm It’s hot

Waw’ama’ayq’áal (wa-wa-my-call)

“Salmon reach the headwaters/ heads of creeks”

walím’nit tíwe láwtiwa siwíke’ykse pík’un táyam lu’uqic hiwees ‘iyeq’is hiwees

wa-leem-nit te-wa louw-tee-wah si-wee-ky-ksa pi-coon tie-um la-oo-kits he-wis ee-yuck-is he-wis Image: Big Hole Battlefield. Wisdom, MT

NIMIIPUU TRIBAL TRIBUNE The Nimiipuu Tribal Tribune is published twice a month, on the first and third Wednesday. Our mission is to publish a timely and credible resource for our loyal readers and provide local information relevant to the Nimiipuu people and surrounding communities. Our vision is to disseminate content of interest to readers and to ensure this news publication is accessible by all. In an effort to be more environmentally friendly, we are working to cut down on paper waste and printing cost. Hard copies will be available upon request only. Enrolled Nez Perce Tribal members are able to receive hard copies at no cost (limit one per household). For businesses and non-enrolled Nez Perce Tribal members, the hard copy subscription fee is $36 annually. The online version is free for everyone. Subscribe today! For more information regarding submissions, subscriptions, classified ads, display ad rates, dates and deadlines, visit: http://nezperce.org/government/communications/

Contact: Chantal C. Ellenwood 208-621-4807 chantale@nezperce.org Mailing: P.O. Box 365 Physical: 120 Bever Grade Lapwai, ID 83540

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

AM’SÁAXPA Am’sáaxpa Continued from Front Page

land and Wallowa River frontage where the Nez Perce would camp and catch salmon. The property had been privately owned and operated as a ranch. In a grand return, tribal leaders rode on horseback through the streets of Joseph to the am’sáaxpa sacred place, in a ceremonial ride-in. Tribal members celebrated with war hoops and sang songs, dressed in regalia, eagle feather head dresses, horses had stunning face covers and bells as they marched to the property. Chief Joseph once held council on the upper ridge where the longhouse was set, so that is where the Tribe envisioned holding the seven drum

ceremony. As they arrived, the drummers were awaiting and greeted them with the drum. The horse riders raised their flags, eagle staffs, and sang the songs of Nimiipuu ancestors, as they circled the grounds. Then speakers, one by one spoke solemnly of a start of the circle of history beginning to close. "We would hope that our ancestors would feel the tears of joy and their tears will turn to joy because they see our people coming back to the land that we belong to," Nez Perce Tribe Vice-Chairman Shannon Wheeler said before the ceremony. "Our people know that we sprang from this land and we're tied to the land in that manner and the land is also tied to us in the same way."

Jake Whiteplume rides to the top of the Am’sáaxpa ridge to attend seven drums.

Vice-Chairman Shannon Wheeler (left) with Nakia Williamson-Cloud waiting to lead the march in the Return to Am’sáaxpa.

Jake Whiteplume, one leader who led the walk in the Return to Am’sáaxpa from the Joseph High School to the Am’sáaxpa site across from the rodeo grounds.

Over 150 Nimiipuu attended the event and walked the streets of Joseph to Am’sáaxpa, a 0.8 mile trek.

The Nez Perce longhouse the following morning after the Am’sáaxpa event with the beautiful Wallowa mountains in the background.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

BIG HOLE BATTLE

Death of Wahlitits and his Wife, painting by Larry B. Milligan. (Photo from Big Hole National Battlefield) Big Hole Continued from Front Page

The battle persisted for over a day and a half, with both sides taking heavy losses. An estimated 60 to 90 Nez Perce lost their lives at the Battle of the Big Hole. The Nez Perce victims included women, children, and elders. This national battlefield is a step into history and serves to honor those who fought and died in 1877. Nez Perce women always showed true bravery. During the fight, one woman fought alongside the warriors at Big Hole. Yellow Wolf recalls during the battle, “…Wahlitits was killed early in the fight. It happened immediately after I passed on my way to where the soldiers were mixing the Indians up at Captain Comba’s charge. His tipi stood just south of here, in the main village line. Like all the warriors he was bothered to get moccasins and rifle. He sprang out and ran to this place. He dropped flat in the sink behind a log thick as a man’s leg. Across this log, his rifle pointed at the willows over there where the soldiers would be first seen. He killed a soldier who stepped from the willows. I do not know how, but Wahlitits was then killed by another soldier. When hit, he must have raised up, for he was found lying on his back.” “Wahlatit’s wife, a brave woman, was with him. When he fell, she grabbed his gun and

fired at a near soldier. I do not know if more shots than one. Some said she killed the soldier who had killed Wahlitits, and then was quickly killed herself. We found her lying across her husband’s body as if protecting him. I heard she had been wounded before Wahlitits was killed. She was the only woman who did fighting in the battle that I knew about.” "Women had to become warriors for that time. People tend to think that men were the heroes of the war, but to me the women that had to gather up the deceased people, they have to take care of the orphan children. To me, these were strong women; they had to be. They had no choice. That was their job, to be strong for them. They had to recoup, to gather things once again; they had to rebuild their homes, structures. It was hard work. It was the women and their backbones. They have to do this; they had to hold things together. They had to find themselves," stated a modern Nez Perce woman on the 1877 Battle of Big Hole from Nez Perce Women in Transition, 1877-1990. “The women, all scared when the soldiers charged the camp, ran into the water, the brush. Any place where they could hide themselves and children. Many were killed as they ran. I hid under some willow brush, lying [flat on my

pınáa’winon’may (Helping Another) recalls the day of the Battle at Big Hole in 1877. (Photo from Big Hole National Battlefield)

side]. A little girl lay close, my arm over her. Bullets cut twigs down on us like rain. The little girl was killed. Killed under my arm.” Pınáa’wınon’may (Helping Another) recalls the day of the Battle at Big Hole in 1877. From an early age, Jackson Sundown worked with and cared for the Nez Perce’s horses. At the age of 14, he was appointed, along with Sam Tilden (Suhm-Keen), to care for and watch over the horses at night on the Nez Perce flight. He was sleeping in his mother’s tipi when the battle broke out and when soldiers began gathering up their prisoners, he hid under a buffalo robe. He was severely burned when a soldier set the tipi on fire. When Joseph surrendered to General Miles in the

Bear Paws of Montana, Jackson Sundown escaped with rifle wounds and made his way to Sitting Bull’s Sioux camp in Canada with White Bird’s group. It is said he escaped by hanging off the side of his horse, making it appear the horse was unmounted. Historically, the Nimiipuu moved throughout approximately 7.5 million acres of land in Idaho, Washington, Oregon, Montana and Wyoming, where they would fish, hunt and trade items and goods. Then, in 1855, the Nez Perce agreed to share their tribal land with the U.S. government, as long as it was protected. An 1860 gold discovery on the reservation led to an unfair shrinkage

Continue Reading Big Hole on Page 5

Nez Perce women, leaders wore basket hats. (Photo from Big Hole National Battlefield)

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

BIG HOLE BATTLE

preserved for visitors. The as needed. The park servisitor center rests high on a vice’s first and foremost conhillside overlooking the battle- cern is the health, safety and field where visitors can learn well-being of park visitors, more about the historic bat- park staff and fire personnel. tle and the Nez Perce peo- To reduce potential conple through informative dis- flict between public use and fire plays, talks on the deck and protection activities, Big Hole the summer speaker series. National Battlefield is closed Visitors can also ac- to public access as of July 17, cess the battlefield directly 2021. The closure will remain through a ranger led-tour or in effect until further notice. by self-guided walks on three For current fire informashort trails. A 0.8 mile, one- tion, visit Trail Creek Inciweb way trail goes along the river https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/into the Nez Perce encampment, cident/7634/ or call the fire Wounded Head carved a dot in his drinking horn for each Nez Perce he found dead marked by dozens of skeleton information line at 406-624at the 1877 Battle of the Big Hole. (Photo from Big Hole National Battlefield) tipi frames. The other trails 9452. Updates to park operaBig Hole Continued diers crept through the willows lead up Battle Mountain to the tions will be shared on the Big from Page 4 surrounding the North Fork of siege area, where an over- Hole National Battlefield webof the original Nez Perce reser- the Big Hole River and took look of the battlefield and a site www.nps.gov/biho. vation, stealing 5 million acres aim. U.S. soldiers were or- replica Howitzer can be seen. The Big Hole National and thus, a second treaty was dered to shoot their rifles low Currently, there is no Battlefield is just one of the made, the treaty of 1863. The into the tipis to kill sleeping immediate threat to park re- stops along the Nez Perce Nimiipuu didn’t agree to this and unsuspecting Nez Perce, sources or property. National Historic Trail to remind our and outside of the small reser- and to set the tipis on fire. Park Service staff continue to people of the sacrifices our vation that was left were called With serious losses monitor the situation and im- ancestors have made less the non-treaty Nez Perce. The and disheartened spirits, the plement appropriate actions than two generations ago. refusal to endorse this “steal Nez Perce fled the battle and treaty.” They would not settle headed east toward present for the new treaty and knew day Yellowstone National they were being lied to. They Park. They sought aid from refusal and brave defiance led the Crow people; unfortuto the Nez Perce Flight of 1877, nately, with the U.S. soldiers a 126-day, 1,170-mile, eight- not far behind, they were debattle run from the U.S. Army. nied refuge. This time they The non-treaty Nimi- fled north toward Canada but ipuu consisted of nearly 800 were stopped 40 miles short people and 2,000 horses. The in another bloody encounBattle of Big Hole was a turning ter, the Battle of Bear Paw. point in this flight. They passed Some Nez Perce made peacefully through the Bitter- it to Canada, but the rest were root Valley near Missoula and sent to Oklahoma only to be believed the U.S. Army was no relocated again in Washington, longer right behind them, they never to see their home lands believed that the fighting was again. There are Nez Perce reover. They arrived at the soon- mains from there to Oklahoma. to-be battlefield near present- When someone would die on day Wisdom on August 7, the trains the soldiers would 1877, to rest before heading throw the bodies overboard. to Buffalo Country (Montana). Wounded Head Two days later, the sol- carved a dot in his drinking diers made a surprise attack horn for each Nez Perce he just before dawn. Colonel John found dead at the 1877 BatGibbon was under orders to tle of the Big Hole, includforcibly relocate the remaining ing his 2-year-old daughter. Nez Perce bands, who were Today visitors can view being led by Chief Joseph, to his drinking horn on display the Lapwai Reservation. When in the Big Hole National BatGibbon caught up to the Nez tlefield's Visitor Center. The Perce, he marched his soldiers, Big Hole Battlefield is currently civilian volunteers, and a how- managed as a Nez Perce Hisitzer down the Bitterroot Val- torical Park by the National ley and across from the Nez Park Service. Today, the en- Jackson Sundown a.k.a. George Jackson, Buffalo Sundown, Waaya-Tonah-ToesitsPerce encampment. U.S. sol- tire battlefield landscape is Kahn “Earth Left by the Setting Sun”. (Photo from Big Hole National Battlefield)

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

CHIEF JOSEPH DAYS

75 Annual Chief Joseph Days Celebration and the History of it All

Nimiipuu Homelands: They saved Lewis and Clark from starvation, helped many Oregon Trail stragglers find their way west, and outsmarted the U.S. Army in battles that are studied by military historians to this day. Yet, despite all of their hospitality and bravery, Nimiipuu were forced from their Wallowa homelands in 1877 and sent into exile on a reservation. They have never been able to fully regain the land that knew only the Nez Perce people for centuries, and today it mainly consists of farmer fields and cattle ranches. The Nez Perce traveled and lived in, what is now, Idaho and Washington, but their home was Oregon’s beautiful Wallowa Valley, to have it stolen from them absolutely broke their spirits; it broke their hearts. The settlers began to steal Native land; they banned

Native religion, languages and custom traditions. It is difficult to regain all of that when it was against the law at one time and our people still remember these tragedies this day. The town and annual rodeo, both named after the legendary Nez Perce leader, Chief Joseph, is the weekend celebration thousands look forward to attending. In the early 1990’s, Nez Perce people felt shunned in Joseph during their cowboy festival. Now, the people that reside in the valley view the tribe as a type of powerful economic resource. Each year Nez Perce people return to their ancestral lands, though the effort to get the Nez Perce people to return was difficult for approximately a decade in the 90’s due to continued racism, prejudice and hatred that stems back less than two centuries on both sides. What was

once a struggle has developed into a reunion of people, participating hand in hand at the Chief Joseph Days celebration. Along with the rodeo, the gathering hosts a parade, Nez Perce pow-wow followed by a friendship feast at the Indian Encampment, with an open invitation; all are welcome. A sense of appreciation and respect by visitors who cannot get enough of the vanquished Joseph band and the beauty of the Wallowa Valley, has become more and more apparent. Joseph has become one of the most well-known figures in history. There is a high tourist interest to witness the end of the road, and see all that Joseph and the Nez Perce were fighting for. “Our homelands were taken away from us illegally. The Russians won’t ever forget Napoleon, the Jews will not for-

get Hitler, we are not going to forget the United States Government for what they did to us,” said Earl (Taz) Conner, Nez Perce elder, in a 1998 documentary called “Come Home Again”. For the Nez Perce Tribe, who lost their land and way of living, nothing can compensate the lingering legacy of suffering and historical pain, but we are on a great path to recovering the land we still call home. The Rodeo: The town of Joseph had long desired a rodeo, and ideas led to planning in 1944. The rodeo was organized only by interested parties. They had no funding from outside sources to go toward the celebration that was originally planned to bring everyone in the West together. Chief Joseph Days was then created by the Joseph Chamber of ComContinue Reading Chief Joseph Days on Page 7

Nimiipuu riders leading the 2021 Chief Joseph Days Parade.

2021 Chief Joseph Days Parade, held Saturday July 31.

Guillory family in the 2021 Chief Joseph Days Parade.

2021 Chief Joseph Days Rodeo Friday night.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

CHIEF JOSEPH DAYS Chief Joseph Days Continued from page 6

merce, to celebrate the opening of the new Joseph Municipal Airport and to dedicate it as a memorial for the Veterans of World War II. It was set to be known as Chief Joseph Days, with an emphasis on the history and spirit of the Nez Perce people as well as Chief Joseph. If the first Chief Joseph Days was deemed a success, it was envisioned to be made into an annual event. Unfortunately, at that time, there was no place to hold such an occasion. The project then, was a one-man show, so the whole community helped and volunteered hours and donated materials needed to create the rodeo arena. The arena was completed with just a rail fence and some chutes, with no access road. This made it nearly impossible for stock and bucking horses to be trucked to the site, so they had to be rode or led in. The first annual Chief Joseph Days was held in July of 1946 and when the rodeo ended, everyone packed up and moved along, but the arena remained standing. Joseph’s current rodeo grounds were built the following year in 1947. The first logs milled for the new arena were hauled to the present site that June, and the arena was completed just in time for the first annual Chief Joseph Days rodeo held the following month, in July. The first Chief Joseph Days included a parade, carnival, horse sale, air show, baseball games, and

the Nezpercians band played at Joseph’s local dance hall. The event continued to grow and in 1956, with a seating capacity of 5,000, sold out with over 12,000 people in attendance. The parade was three miles long, and took more than an hour to pass the grandstand. Each year since has continued to bring in large crowds, with a mix of locals and visitors from all over. Hundreds of people return to the Wallow homelands of the Nez Perce people each year, for the annual Chief Joseph Days gathering. Activities were comprised of the famous Chief Joseph Days rodeo, Chief Joseph Days Pow Wow, two parades, teen dances, a cowboy breakfast each morning, downtown vendors, and church services. The Pow Wow included a name giving ceremony and friendship feast feeding family, friends and newcomers. 200 cowboys, plus professional barrel-racing cowgirls, put on a thrilling show each year. The Family Night Rodeo on Wednesday featured the much anticipated mutton-busting by local peewee wranglers, and wild cow milking by some of the county’s working cowboys. Overall the weekend brings together an appreciated mix of activities that everyone can enjoy. Not to mention the natural beauty of the area is a draw-in on its own. Chief Joseph Days brings families together, old and new friends, and different cultures. It is an occasion everyone should experience during their lifetime.

Friendship Feast at Chief Joseph Days following the Nimiipuu Powwow. (Photo by Angelika Ursula Dietrich - Wildhorsesthunder.studio)

2021 Chief Joseph Days Rodeo, Saturaday night.

Nakia Williamson-Cloud dancing at the Chief Joseph Days Powwow. (Photo by Angelika Ursula Dietrich - Wildhorsesthunder.studio)

Greeting one another at the Indian Encampment before the Friendship Feast. (Photo by Angelika Ursula Dietrich - Wildhorsesthunder.studio)

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

COMMUNITY

Nez Perce Youth Attend the 2021 Northwest Indian College’s Youth Cultural Enrichment Academy

Idaho Forest Group Grangeville hosted Northwest Indian College’s Youth Cultural Enrichment Academy youth group on June 22. The U.S. Forest Service, Nez Perce Clearwater-Nez Perce National Forest coordinated the tour under an agreement with the Nez Perce Tribe’s Career Center. The Idaho Forest Group tour touched on forestry management practices; what trees need to thrive in their environment, comparing overcrowded trees to trees that have enough sunshine, space, nutrients, etc. Eric Smith, Plant Superintendent, spoke about the process of cutting lumber at IFG, and job types and apprenticeships available. After introductions the students toured the mill and learned about the high tech sawmill and planer. Idaho Forest Group Grangeville manufactures various products from the logs it

purchases. From 2x4s, 2x6s boards to beauty bark, chips, sawdust, shavings, and various specialty products, our highly efficient sawmill allows us to use 100% of the wood fiber from every tree. This is a healthy, growing company; big enough for its national and international markets but with hometown ethics and pride in a job well done. Excellence is the goal in caring for natural resources, employees, and customers. Every product we produce is certified through the Sustainable Forestry Initiative for environmental stewardship to ensure the long term health of our forests and industry. The health of the surrounding community and environment is of utmost importance to us. Protecting our streams and rivers are top priorities on any logging site. We take very seriously

our responsibility in restoring forest health with stewardship and management practices that ensure sustainable, resilient, and productive forests for generations to come. To learn more about the Idaho Forest Group, our team and the communities where we operate, follow us on Facebook and LinkedIn or visit us online at www.idfg.com. We, at IFG, take very

seriously our responsibility in restoring forest health with stewardship and management practices that ensure sustainable, resilient, and productive forests for generations to come. We, at IFG, take very seriously our responsibility in restoring forest health with stewardship and management practices that ensure sustainable, resilient, and productive forests for generations to come.

Youth participants with presenters at the Northwest Indian College’s Youth Cultural Enrichment Academy. (Nez Perce Tribe Education Photo).

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

COMMUNITY

NPTEC Member Quincy Ellenwood to Serve on Intertribal Fish Commission PORTLAND — A member of the Nez Perce Tribal Executive Committee will serve as chairman of the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. Quincy Ellenwood, of Lapwai, was sworn in to the post Thursday, according to a news release from the organization that performs fisheries research and management services for the Nez Perce Tribe, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Reservation, Warm Springs Tribe and the Yakama Nation. “CRITFC’s four member tribes are united by many things, most significantly our deep cultural and spiritual connection to the land and the first foods it provides, especially salmon,” Ellenwood said. “These sacred fish face ever growing impacts from climate

change and other threats to their ecosystem. And the fishers who depend on salmon face many health and economic impacts from the global pandemic. By working together in inter-tribal cooperation, it is my hope that we not only retain and enhance what we have, but also provide resiliency in all our tribal foods and cultural needs into the future.” Ellenwood is the son of the late Ruby Jackson and grandson of Charles Jackson Sr. and Shirley Ellenwood. He graduated from Lapwai High School in 1997 and studied business at Lewis-Clark State College. He has served as a Nez Perce Tribe Fish and Wildlife commissioner and a Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission commissioner for more than 10 years.

“I had the honor of serving with the late Elmer Crow Jr. on the Fish and Wildlife Commission,” he said. “He taught me ‘When you’re at the table

working for the people, keep them in your heart and mind.’ That wisdom guides me in my service and will guide me in this new role as CRITFC chair.”

2021-2022 CRITFC officers (L to R) Chair Quincy Ellenwood (Nez Perce), Vice-chair Ron Suppah Sr (Warm Springs), Secretary Jeremy Red Star Wolf (Umatilla), Treasurer Jeremy Takala (Yakama), and Interim Executive Director Aja DeCoteau (Yakama). (C.R.I.T.F.C Photo)

Nez Perce Artists Celebrated at Josephy Center JOSEPH- A small celebration took place featuring Nimiipuu artists at the Josephy Center for Art and Culture in Joseph, Oregon. A group of seven Nez Perce artists and writers who call themselves luk'upsíimey “North Star" Collective, gathered at the Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland for a week, practicing their art, learning and relearning their language together. They are college professors and language teachers, visual artists and wordmakers. They traveled from California, Arizona, Philadelphia and Lapwai. They came together at Wallowa, the place that echoes their ancient common Nimiipuu language. On July 23, Nimiipuu artists such as Kellen Trenal and Phil Cash Cash, writer Beth Piatote and other Nez Perce writers and speakers read and reflected on their individual work as it relates to maps, words, and images of the current exhibit, “Nez Perce Treaties and Reservations, 1855-Present.” Trenal is a multitalented Nez Perce performer and a visual artist. He’s a master bead-

grams about Covid and Fire, Natural Resources and the local health care system, making and giving away over 1000 art bags with individual supplies and art projects to children and parents,” said Rich Wandschneider. “But this exhibit and Friday night’s words and music have been a highlight for me, and the surest proof that our work is important,” he added. People are becoming more aware of the actual history that occured to the Nez Perce people, reading the words of the exhibit, seeing how the settlers and U.S. Government contributed to Native Nations losing their lands and how promises were made Kellen Trenal’s latest collection, Treatyz. His pieces focus on the treaties and not kept, how hopes were of 1855 and 1863 that have shaped Nimiipuu history. The pieces symbolize dashed and treaties were put his interpretation of those treaties and are on display at the Josephy Center. (Photo by Kellen Trenal) into place with words unfamiliar to tribes. Awareness on the worker and has his own pod- Along with other Nez Perce Nez Perce War of 1877 was cast that raises awareness for speakers, they spent a week highlighted as well. AttendBlack and Indigenous cultures in their own “language camp” ees learned how the words and communities. Cash Cash, in the land of their ancestors. of the same treaties still have who co-authored a book of “I’ve been at this Jose- legal currency today, and the area place names, is Cayuse- phy Center work for almost ten Nez Perce are fishing, huntNez Perce and enrolled Umatil- years. We’ve been successful ing, and gathering as they alla. Beth Piatote has written po- as an organization, making ways did in their “usual and ems, plays and academic texts our way through the pandemic accustomed places” as promabout the Indian experience. with virtual and hybrid pro- ised nearly 150 years ago.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

COMMUNICATIONS

Chloe’s Conspiracy Column – The Infamous Titanic Wreck Most are aware of the fateful date of April 14-15, 1912. At 11:39 p.m., the Titanic crew spotted the iceberg that would be the cause of an estimated 1,521 deaths. All engines were ordered to stop, however, due to the size of the ship and motors, it was unable to turn in time to avoid colliding with the iceberg. The Titanic struck the iceberg on its starboard side at 11:40 p.m. At exactly midnight, orders were given to prepare the lifeboats, wake the passengers, summon the crew, and prepare to evacuate. Fifteen minutes later the two telegraph operators, John Phillips and Harold Bride, were put on stand-by to make a call for help. Thomas Andrews, the ship designer, confirmed that the damage was too great for the ship to handle, and estimated 1-2 hours before it sank. At 12:27 a.m., lights from another boat were spotted on the horizon. The ship would have been close enough to help, if Titanic was able to get its attention. A few minutes later, another ship re-

sponded to the distress call, the SS Mount Temple, and was the first ship to make their way to the Titanic. When getting ready to lower the lifeboats into the sea, almost all of the boats weren’t filled to the maximum capacity amount. There were only 12 people on a boat meant for 65. At 12:42 a.m., the SS Frankfurt responded to Titanic’s calls. After, the telegraph operators started using “SOS”, Officer Boxhall saw the ship in the distance that was spotted on the horizon 15 minutes prior to and began to use distress rockets to get their attention, however the ship did not see the rockets. The RMS Carpathia confirmed that they were on their way, 58 miles from Titanic’s position, roughly around four hours of travel time. At 1:15 a.m. the water was up to Titanic’s nameplate. A few minutes after, the Titanic began listing to port, meaning that the ship was starting to tilt to the left and was doing so rapidly. This of course caused many people to grow more frantic. As one of the boats were lowering,

Fifth Officer Lowe had to fire his pistol to scare off a mob of men trying to jump in one of the boats while it was lowering down into the water. Later on into the night, all officers were given revolvers. At 1:26 a.m., the RMS Baltic confirmed they were in route. A few minutes later, the SS Frankfurt and RMS Virginian also confirmed. It was known that the Titanic was in contact with approximately a dozen ships. The ship’s power started to decrease, and the lighthouse located in Cape Race, Canada went out of range of the telegraph. At 1:45 a.m., the last legible message that came from the Titanic was, “come as quickly as possible, old man. Engine room flooded up to the boilers.” Not long after, the SS Frankfurt expressed confusion at the situation and did not go to help after all. In addition, the lights on the horizon that were spotted over an hour prior disappeared. The RMS Olympic, Titanic’s sister ship, confirmed that they were coming, but were around 500

miles away. As the power was decreasing, the inability for ships to keep in contact with them increased, and the Olympic, Mount Temple, SS Yprianga, and eventually the Carpathia, became out of range of their telegraph. At 1:56 a.m., Captain Smith gave permission to the two telegraph operators to abandon their posts and save themselves. They chose to stay longer, despite transmissions failing. As more and more boats were not being filled to their max capacity, Thomas Andrews, Captain Smith and Chief Officer Wilde made a desperate attempt to call all boats back to the ship with their megaphones, that plan failed. At 2:03 a.m., the telegraph no longer functioned and five minutes later the last messages were heard from the Titanic. They were unintelligible. At 2:12 a.m., survivors distinctively heard four loud explosions from deep within the ship as her plunge began. Around 1,500 people were still Continue Reading Titanic on Page 11

Photo of the wreck claimed to be the RMS Titanic

Same photo enhanced

Olympic (left) being maneuvered into drydock in Belfast for repairs on the morning of March 2, 1912 after throwing a propeller blade. Titanic (right) is moored at the fitting-out wharf. Olympic would sail for Southampton on the 7th, concluding the last time the two ships would be photographed together. (Social Shorthand Photo)

Black and white view of window spacing & square hole

Photograph of the RMS Olympic

Photograph of the actual Titanic

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

COMMUNICATIONS Titanic Continued from Page 10

onboard when the lights went off and Titanic broke in half, sending all passengers down into the Atlantic sea. At 2:20 a.m., the ship was completely underwater. The Titanic was heard beneath the surface, breaking apart, and imploding as it fell to the sea floor. Rescue did not arrive for another hour and forty minutes. The tragedy that took place on that harsh, cold night became one of the most widespread, well-known disasters in modern history, thus, many people delve themselves into the history, documents, and pictures of the days around that voyage. When researching, people have spotted some strange evidence of things being out of place. More and more evidence stacked up, and people began to throw around ideas that created the conspiracy theory: the Titanic never sank. This theory begins with the Titanic’s owner. The White Star Line company owned the Titanic, and owned many other ships as well. One of the other ships was named the Olympic. That ship was mentioned earlier, it was 500 miles away from Titanic’s position on the night of the sinking. The Olympic got into a collision with another ship on September 20, 1911, with the HMS Hawke. Captain Phillips was actually in command of The Olympic during the collision. The impact tore a 44-foot gash on the side of ship. As a result of this, the workers who were building the Titanic at the time had to stop building to repair the Olympic. The theory starts out as this: because of The Olympic’s damages, the company lost a lot of money to repair it and to regain their money, they had the idea to switch the two ships. Since the Olympic was on her last leg, they wanted to sink it and claim the insurance money. They put the Titanic logo on the Olympic ship, and the Olympic logo on the Titanic ship. I know it sounds crazy, but it’s not as far-fetched when you read the evidence.

RMS Olympic damaged in collision with the HMS Hawke. (Vicsors Opinion Photo)

The first bit of evidence are the port holes. On the side of the ship, we can see all of the portholes. On the Olympic, there were 16. The Titanic only had 14. There was a picture captured on the day the Titanic was leaving to the next stop, and on the side of the ship, 16 portholes can be seen. Secondly, when James Cameron, director of the movie Titanic, went under the Atlantic to look for the ship, they took a lot of pictures of the wreck. In one of the images, he was able to capture the side of the Titanic and on that side, the letters “M” and “P” were visible. You know what ship had the letters M and P on it, that’s right, the Olympic. Thirdly, the Titanic had an almost impossible time finding people to work on the ship. At the time of the launch, there was a coal strike that was occurring. This meant that many coal workers were out of a job. However, none of them wanted to work on the Titanic. If someone had just gone on strike and was in need of a job, and they heard about a job opening about one of the most talked about ships, wouldn’t they want to work on it? Supposedly, a lot of people in the town had heard rumors that the ship was swapped and that it was going to sink for insurance money. Since they heard this news, they had no desire to work on the ship.

It was also known that people had a bad feeling and had nightmares about the ship sinking, and even had premonitions. Chief Officer Wilde stated in a letter to his sister, “I still don’t like this ship. I have a queer feeling about it.” A little girl recounted that her mom sat awake every night awaiting the ship’s doom, and some relatives of the passengers have said that they woke up at the time of the sinking with visions of people drowning. Fourthly, people who were really rich did not attend the voyage to New York. One of the richest men in the world at the time, J.P. Morgan, had a ticket for the Titanic and just two days before the ship set sail, he decided not to go. He claimed that he was sick, but paparazzi saw him out and about with his girlfriend, the day the Titanic sank. This last proof of evidence is the most convincing, but take it with an extreme grain of salt. A guy named James Fenton who worked on the Titanic, stated on his death bed that the Titanic did not sink, the Olympic did. He said that he survived the sinking of the ship, along with other members of his crew, and when they got onto land, people from the government were there. When Fenton and his coworkers told them that they knew about the switch, the government members said, “if

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

you say one word about this, we will throw you in jail forever.” That is why he never told anybody, until the day he died. As I have said before, people already had an ill feeling about the Titanic. One of the people who did not go on the main voyage was a man named Francis Browne, who was a 32-year-old teacher from Ireland. Brown had taken many pictures of his voyage to Queenstown, and are possibly the most well-known ones. Since his ticket was only good to Queenstown, he of course couldn’t go on the main voyage to New York. However, while on the ship, Brown befriended an American millionaire couple, who offered to pay his way to New York. He telegraphed his superior and requested permission to continue to New York, and received this in reply: “Get off that ship, Provincial.” Brown disembarked from the Titanic and didn’t realize until later, how impactful that telegraph truly was. The theory that the ships were swapped is something to scratch your head about now. Nonetheless, lives were still lost and a ship did sink. However, the Titanic could have prevented so much loss if they weren’t over-confident about the ship. It was said that there were only 20 boats put on the ship, for cosmetic reasons and thinking that the ship could never sink.

12 By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

Almost anything can be preserved in alcohol, except health, happiness, and money. Alcohol is a drink that humans have a love-hate relationship with. Most of us know the results of consuming too much alcohol, and its negative effects. Nonetheless, do people really know what they are putting into their bodies, and how its effecting their health? Here is a breakdown. Let’s begin with the history of alcohol. The first encounter with such product came from plums. As a hypothesis, a chimpanzee was trekking through the forest, when it stumbled into some overripe plums on the ground that were split open, drawing the chimp to their intoxicating fruity odor. As the chimp gorged himself on these plums, it started to experience a strange feeling, resulting in some strange effects. This would inspire future humans to develop something known today as wine, beer, liquor, and other alcohol beverages. The sugars in overripe fruit attract microscopic organisms known as yeasts. As the yeasts feed on the fruit’s sugar, they produce a compound called ethanol, the type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages. This process is called fermentation. No one knows the exact time when humans started to create fermented beverages, but the earliest known evidence comes from 7000 BCE in China. Residue from clay pots indicate that the people in China were making an alcoholic beverage from fermented rice, millet, grapes, and honey. Within a few thousand years, cultures across the world began fermenting their own drinks. Ancient Mesopotamians and Egyptians made beer throughout the years from stored cereal grains. This beer was available to every class, and workers; they even received it in their daily rations. They also made wine, but because their climate wasn’t ideal for the production of grapes, wine became

HEALTH

Pour It Up? Not Worth a Shot. Symptoms and Effects of Alcoholism Heart * Irregular heart rate * Strokes * High blood pressure

Brain * Memory loss * Mood swings * Dementia Esophageal * Bleeding esophageal varices

Muscular * Weakness * Muscle wasting Pancreas * Pancreatitis Stomach * Stomach ulcers * Chronic gastritis * Vomiting

Lungs * Breathing difficulties * Lower level of nitric oxide Liver * Swollen * Cirrhosis * Hepatitis a rare and expensive delicacy. However, in Greece and Rome, wine was much more readily available because grapes grew easily there. Since yeasts were able to ferment any plant sugars, ancient peoples across the world made alcohol from any crops that were in their area. In South America, people made chicha from grains, sometimes adding hallucinogenic herbs. In what is now Mexico, pulque made from cactus sap was the drink of choice, while East Africans made banana and palm beer. In the area that is now Japan, people made sake (sa-kay) from rice. Ancient fermented drinks had relatively low alcohol content, which contained 13% alcohol. The by-products wild yeasts generated during fermentation became toxic and killed them. When the yeasts die, fermentation stops and the alcohol content levels off. Therefore, for thousands of years, alcohol content was limited. That changed with the process known as distillation. In the 9th century, Arabic writings described boiling fermented liquids that vaporized the alcohol in them. Alcohol boils at a lower temperature than water, vaporizing it first. The vapor was captured, cooled down, and the remaining liquid alcohol was much more concentrated than any fermented beverage.

Due to man’s involvements and experiments with alcohol, fermented drinks began to initiate much more negative consequences to the human body. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 85.6% of people 18 and older report that they have drank alcohol at one point in their life. It is an extremely popular drug that decreases brain functions with biological by-products that have a huge impact on the body. For example, when someone drinks a shot of vodka, 20% is absorbed in the stomach and 80% is absorbed in the small intestine, where it goes into the blood stream, then to the liver to be metabolized. Ethanol then gets into the cells through passive diffusion, so the more someone drinks, the faster that person becomes intoxicated. When the alcohol accumulates and eventually gets to the brain, it suppresses the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, which causes information transfer in the brain to become slower with only the largest signals making it through. Intoxicated individuals will feel less, they’ll perceive less, notice less, and remember less. Any excited extroversion people feel when drinking, is due to the suppression of brain firing in the prefrontal cortex in the brain. This part of

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

the brain controls people’s impulses and restrains behavior. In the liver is where alcohol dehydrogenase resides, and it breaks down the ethanol into acetaldehyde. The build-up of acetaldehyde causes incoordination, memory problems, and sleepiness. Alcohol does not allow people to sleep better. Sleeping while intoxicated is not natural sleep, it’s more sedative, similar to anesthesia or a coma. Alcohol is a drink that ultimately has non-positive impacts to people regarding our health. However, there are ways to drink alcohol responsibly: know your limit and plan ahead, eat food before and while you drink, sip your drink (slow down), skip a drink now and then and substitute with a non-alcoholic drink, another great tip is to have a glass of water with your drink, and sip on that between sips of your drink, beware of unfamiliar drinks, appoint a designated driver, keep track and space your drinks, drink for quality and not quantity, watch the bartender make your drink so you know how much alcohol is in it, and most importantly, BE OF AGE. Underage drinking will damage the brain and develop risk of Alcohol Use Disorder, not to mention intense consequences. To conclude, know what you’re drinking, know when to stop, and maybe think about a life that may not involve alcohol.

HEALTH

IF YOU THINK YOU OR A DECEASED LOVED ONE WAS HARMED BY OPIOIDS LIKE HYDROCODONE, OXYCODONE, CODEINE OR ROXICODONE, OR IF YOU CARE FOR A CHILD EXPOSED TO THESE OPIOIDS IN THE WOMB, YOU CAN VOTE ON THE MALLINCKRODT BANKRUPTCY PLAN.

Voting is important. It helps determine how opioid claims are treated. Vote by September 3, 2021. Specific details about voting are set forth below in this notice and at mnkvote.com.

Visit MNKVote.com for more information WHAT IS THIS ABOUT?

WHAT ARE YOUR OPTIONS?

Mallinckrodt is a manufacturer of opioid pain medication that filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy in October 2020. On June 17, 2021, Mallinckrodt plc and its affiliates (the “Debtors”) filed their Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware and their related Disclosure Statement. You may have the right to vote on the Plan of Reorganization.

WHAT DOES THE PLAN PROVIDE? Mallinckrodt’s Plan channels claims based on harm or injury related to the Debtors’ manufacturing of opioids and related activities to one or more opioid trusts. These opioid trusts will be established for the purpose of distributing money to individuals and corporate entities holding Opioid Claims and for abatement of the opioid crisis. If the Plan is approved by the Bankruptcy Court and you have an Opioid Claim, you will be entitled to assert your claim directly against the applicable opioid trust at a later time. There is nothing you need to do right now to assert your Opioid Claim. Information regarding how to assert your Opioid Claim against an opioid trust will be made available at a later date. The Plan, if approved, will forever prohibit any opioid claimants from asserting any Opioid Claim or seeking any money on account of any Opioid Claim against the Debtors, their oﬀicers and directors, or certain other parties speciﬁed in the Plan as the “Protected Parties.”

WHERE CAN YOU GET MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PLAN? Copies of the Plan and related documents, including the Disclosure Statement and a letter from the Oﬀicial Committee of Opioid Related Claimants (a representative of Opioid Claimants in the Debtors’ bankruptcy cases appointed by the Oﬀice of the United States Trustee) setting forth its position regarding the Plan can be obtained free of charge at MNKVote.com.

Vote on the Plan: If you are eligible to submit a vote, your vote must be submitted so it is received on or before September 3, 2021, at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. Detailed instructions on how to vote are available at MNKvote.com or by calling 877.467.1570 (Toll-Free) or 347.817.4093 (International). If you do not follow the detailed instructions, your vote may be disqualified. Object to the Plan: If you disagree with the Plan, you can object to it in writing so it is received on or before September 3, 2021, at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. Objections not filed and served properly may not be considered by the Bankruptcy Court. Detailed instructions on how to file an objection are available at MNKvote.com or by calling 877.467.1570 (Toll-Free) or 347.817.4093 (International). If the Plan is confirmed, everyone with a Claim against or Interest in Mallinckrodt plc and its affiliates will be bound by the terms of the Plan regardless of whether or not they vote on the Plan or file a claim against the opioid trust.

WHEN IS THE HEARING? The Bankruptcy Court has scheduled the hearing to consider confirmation of the Plan to be held on September 21, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time (the “Confirmation Hearing”). The Confirmation Hearing will take place before the Honorable John T. Dorsey, United States Bankruptcy Judge, in the Bankruptcy Court, located at 824 Market Street, 5th Floor, Courtroom 5, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.

THIS IS ONLY A SUMMARY OF THE MALLINCKRODT PLAN OF REORGANIZATION. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO OBTAIN ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Call:

877.467.1570 (Toll-Free) 347.817.4093 (International)

Write:

Mallinckrodt Ballot Processing c/o Prime Clerk LLC One Grand Central Place 60 East 42nd Street, Suite 1440 New York, NY 10165

Visit:

MNKvote.com

Email:

mallinckrodtopioidclaimantinfo@akingump.com - or - mallinckrodtinfo@primeclerk.com

PLEASE BE ADVISED THAT PRIME CLERK, THE DEBTOR’S NOTICE AND CLAIMS AGENT, IS AUTHORIZED TO ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT, AND PROVIDE ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PLAN AND OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS, BUT MAY NOT ADVISE YOU AS TO WHETHER YOU SHOULD VOTE TO ACCEPT OR REJECT THE PLAN.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

NORTHWEST

Doggy (At-Home) Daycare! By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

Many owners of dogs have reservations about leaving their pet at home. They get this feeling at work about whether or not their dog has relieved themselves in an area not meant to be relieved on, if there was enough food or water in their doggy bowl, of if they are just plain lonely. Well, if you have any distracting thoughts about how your pet is doing while you are away, we have some smart tech that could help with your concerns. All of these gadgets were posted from the Wall Street Journal, and is written by a columnist named Sal Vaglica. You can view the pictures of these gadgets on their site as well. 1. Cyborg Slinger: If you’ve ever guiltily wished your dog could play fetch with himself, the iFetch Too is a savior for sore arms and temporarily absentee owners. Train your dog to drop tennis balls into the top of the pod and the robot will sling them 10 to 40 feet up to 250 times on a single charge. Put the device in

a fenced-in backyard, or set it for a 10-foot trajectory in a large room or long hallway. (You can aim the machine so balls don’t go flying into furniture.) $200, goifetch.com 2. Canine Caller: Unlike a standard security camera, the PetChatz HDX attaches low on a wall, at your dog’s height, so he can see your face pop up on the 2 3/4-inch-wide screen. A companion smartphone app lets you call in to your pet, voicing reassurance via the device’s speaker—and even dispense treats from the built-in canister. “Our puppy got used to having us home [during the pandemic], so when we left for a couple of hours, he destroyed everything in sight,” said Michelle Rosaline, who uses a treat-dispensing camera for her Rhodesian Ridgeback. Now, she said, even when the families at a restaurant, her kids talk to him through the phone, remotely “throwing treats in the air, and watching him jump for joy.” For next-level communication, add in PawCall ($100), a wireless button that rests on the floor and, bizarrely, allows

your pet to initiate a call to you. If you have a needy, clever pug with poor timing, this might not be the breakthrough you want. $350, petchatz.com 3. Grub Hub: A top reason to rush home: ensuring your pet gets fed. But timely nourishing is a popular task to outsource to a robot. The PetSafe Smart Feed Dog Feeder uses a normal-looking, detachable bowl. Get your dog comfortable with it first. Then clip it into the hopper and use your smartphone to drop in up to four cups of food on a set schedule. The translucent tank holds 24 cups of dry chow and, when running low, sends a notification to your phone. If your gluttonous best friend plows through food too fast, a slow-feed option can portion out the meal over 15 minutes. $170, petsafe.net 4. Discerning Doggy Door: Most dog exits must be cut into an existing entry door. With the built-in myQ Pet Portal, you buy the whole door, giving it a seamless appearance. The smart dog door pairs to a Bluetooth collar your pet wears. Once the

His/Her Own Story is to highlight Nez PerceTribal Employees and their departments and communities they serve. Visit the link below to fill out the His/Her Own Story survey

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

door senses your dog nearby it slides open, letting her in or out while blocking unwanted guests. Two-way cameras and speakers let you talk to your pet, too. But this sophistication requires pricey pro installation, plus a nearby outlet for power. From $2,999, myq.com 5. Better Bone: Essentially a remote-control car masquerading as a dog bone, the Cheerble Wickedbone relieves your pet’s boredom and frustration through play. When you’re home, steer the toy with a companion smartphone app to encourage your dog to interact with it. When you leave, it operates for 20 minutes on a timer in one of nine “play modes.” A pair of wheels—one attached to each end of the plastic bone— rotate to drive the spinning, vibrating toy across wood, tile, rugs and grass as your dog tries to bite it. Touch-operated, it “wakes up” if your pet nudges it with his muzzle or paws at it. The bot will even chase your dog, within limits. It won’t follow your pooch if she decides she’s done and goes into the next room. $70, cheerble.com

NORTHWEST

Living with COVID the Native Experience in Education

Lapwai, Idaho – The current pandemic has had profound effects across native communities as they strive to keep their people safe. Saturday, August 7, 2021, Phillip Allen will talk about the impacts of COVID-19 both personally and in much of Indian Country. The presentation will be held at Nez Perce National Historical Park’s Spalding Visitor Center at 11:00 a.m. Native American families generally live in multi-generational homes and have very close-knit families. Gathering is a large part of the culture. Communities come together for ceremonies, fishing, sports,

and more. The effects of social distancing are felt severely by many Native Americans. Phillip Allen is a Nez Perce tribal member currently working on his PhD at Washington State University. He has taught at Washington State University, the University of Idaho, and several other institutions, and served as the tribe's chairman for the Lewis and Clark bicentennial committee. This event is part of Nez Perce National Historical Park’s annual summer speaker and demonstrator series. All events are free, and families are welcome. Nez Perce National Historical Park’s Spalding Visitor Center is located 12 miles east of Lewiston at 39063 U.S. Highway 95. Park admission is free year-round. For more information, please contact Nez Perce National Historical Park at 208-843-7001, or visit www.nps.gov/nepe or www.facebook.com/NezPerc e N a t i o n a l H i s t o r i c a l Pa r k

July 10, 2021 July 14, 2021

Kenneth Paul Sherwood (Demonstration)

Beading and Weaving

11:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m.

James Holt (Talk)

July 17, 2021

Nimiipuu kaa Kuseyn, the Nez Perces

11:00 a.m.—12:00 p.m.

and Buffalo Country

Phillip Allen (Talk)

August 7, 2021

Living with COVID: The Native Experience

11:00 a.m.—12:00 p.m.

in Education

August 14, 2021 August 21, 2021

Raneisha Running (Demonstration)

Beading

10:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m. Spalding Visitor Center 39063 Hwy 95, Lapwai, ID For more information: (208) 843-7009

Nimiipuu Health COVID-19 Update COVID-19 Remains a Severe Risk to Unvaccinated Individuals Viruses constantly change or mutate, and new variants (or versions) of a virus are expected to occur. Sometimes new variants emerge and disappear. Other times, the new variants persist. Multiple variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been documented in the United States and globally during this pandemic. Some variants allow the virus to spread more easily or make it resistant to treatments or vaccines. The COVID-19 vaccine does not provide 100% protection against contracting the virus, however, it does minimize the severity of symptoms, reduces the need for hospitalization and reduces the risk of serious infection. While there are several groups, including youth, that are unable to be vaccinated at this time, it is our responsibility to do what we can to protect them. A critical step to protecting our children and our community is for individuals to get vaccinated against the COVID-19 virus. Get vaccinated because not everyone can! Nimiipuu Health is providing the vaccine to anyone ages 12 and older, beneficiary or not. All three vaccines are available, call today to make your appointment. Pfizer: Doses-2 Moderna: Doses-2 Johnson & Johnson: Doses-1 The Delta Variant of COVID-19 is in our region. This COVID-19 variant is known to spread easily and quickly. An increase in the number of cases can place a strain on our medical facilities and providers. Getting vaccinated helps ensure minimal negative impacts to individuals and our communities. Nimiipuu Health is closely following the conversation regarding third booster shots for the COVID-19 vaccine. At this time, it is not recommended to get a booster shot. Nimiipuu Health will share updated information as it becomes available. If you are fully vaccinated, you can resume activities that you did prior to the pandemic. However, masks are still a way to slow the spread of COVID-19. It is highly recommended that unvaccinated individuals still wear masks while in a public setting. Masks are still required for all individuals in all Nez Perce Tribal offices and public areas such as walkways and restrooms. Additional resources: CDC Variant Classification & Definitions https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/variants/variant-info.html Vaccine Information https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines.html Vaccine Benefits https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/vaccine-benefits.html

For any questions or assistance please email NPTEmergencyOperations@nezperce.org Lapwai NMPH 208.843.2271 Kamiah NMPH 208.935.0733

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

NATIONAL

Canadian Border Opening Up for American Citizens

By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

Since the beginning of this pandemic, Canada made it quite clear of the importance to enact all mandates given by the FCC. From quarantining, COVID tests, masking up, and who was allowed to enter into the country. Starting August 9th, however, the Canadian government has decided to open up their doors to American citizens. In order for Americans to travel to the country, they have to be fully vaccinated with proof of the immunizations (while being vaccinated two weeks prior to their departure), must not have any COVID symptoms, and present a negative COVID-19 test that was taken within 72 hours of their arrival. Officials have stated that follow-up tests are not needed for people who have been fully vaccinated, but random testing is still being conducted. It has been stated that fully vaccinated travelers do not need to quarantine for two weeks upon arrival, but to expect changes at the border if they don’t meet all of Canada’s

requirements. Also, unvaccinated children under the age of 12 are allowed to enter the country, but are not permitted to attend public functions. “We are very pleased to gradually and responsibly open up,” Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said. He stated that the decision to allow fully vaccinated Americans to visit Canada before tourists from other countries “is in recognition of our unique bond, especially between border communities.” Canadian officials said it is possible to start allowing more Americans to enter the country because of Canadians’ strong uptake of vaccines and its low COVID-19 caseload. As of July 19th, at least 70% of Canada’s population have received a COVID-19 vaccination. according to the University of Oxford’s Our World in Data. This percentage is one of the highest rates of the first-shot vaccinations in the world. About 50% of the population is fully vaccinated, compared with 48% in the States. Even though the U.S. have urged Canada to open their boarders in the past,

U.S. vehicles reading sign stating the border is closed to non-essential traffic, at the Canada-United States border crossing at the Thousand Islands Bridge. (Photo by Lars Hagberg)

they have been adamant on their mandate, even though the U.S. have stated about the shared high vaccination rates, with the economic and family ties that are shared between the two countries. Only vaccinations that are approved by Canada are allowed to enter the coun-

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

try: Pfizer Inc. in collaboration with BioNTech SE; Moderna Inc. ; Johnson & Johnson ; and AstraZeneca PLC. For air travelers, the requirement for people to spend 3 nights in a government-approved hotel will also cease after August 9th. The airports will also start accepting more airlines.

NATIONAL

Cuba’s Detaining Causing Huge Unrest By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

Protests in Cuba have been occurring these past few weeks with demonstrators and advocates being arrested and held for an uncertain amount of time. On July 11, protests erupted to address the country’s lack of freedoms, adequate living conditions, basic goods and services, and Covid-19 vaccines under the Communist regime. The protestors face charges of inciting unrest, while also being detained. Moreover, the whereabouts of hundreds of arrested demonstrators is unknown and others are being held incommunicado without charges. The Cuban government has responded to these uprisings by cutting off Internet and phone services, while also deploying brigades to patrol the cities. More than a week after the protests, relatives of the demonstrators were lining up outside of police stations across the island, asking about their missing relatives. Those who have discovered the location of their relatives have brought food, clothes, and toiletries to them. Most of the people who are detained are young people from some of the poorest com-

munities on the island and have been held incommunicado, relatives say. Authorities have not yet disclosed the charges on which they are being held. “Some demonstrators have been released, but those who are seen as influential or more visible aren’t going anywhere,” said Danelis Iglesias, the wife of Cuban rapper Adrian “El Radikal” Zamora, known in his native city of Colón for his provacative hip-hop songs. One couple was among those who participated in the protests. The morning after, as Mr. Zamora was getting out of the shower, police officers stormed into their household and took a shirtless Mr. Zamora straight to the police station. “They took him away in shorts and flip flops, and we still haven’t been able to talk to him, let alone know what the government accuses him of,” Ms. Iglesias said. Activists and the relatives of the detained protestors fear that themselves and their loved ones will be detained for months, if not years. “We are convinced that behind these events is the hand of the enemy,” said Col. Moraima Bravet, head of the criminal investigations unit at the country’s Interior

Ministry. “We will reach the instigators and organizers.” Col. Bravet stated on national television that the government will press disorder and disobedience charges against those involved in violent actions and vandalism. Those incited with these charges could spend up to 15 years in prison, activists say. Authorities have said demonstrators will face summary trials behind closed doors, which gives defendants and their attorneys very little time to prepare their case, study charges, and present evidence. Prisoner Defenders, a Madridbased legal action advocacy group, said the Cuban procedure “flagrantly violates the guarantee of due process.” The relatives of the ones being detained also say that it is difficult for them to find proper independent defense lawyers who are willing to stand up against the government. U.N.’s High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, called for the release of all those who have been detained “for exercising their right to peaceful assembly.” Cuba’s President fires back, saying that those involved were “criminals” and “counter-revolutionaries” backed by the U.S. government.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

17 The Interior of Ministry said that one person died as a result of group protestors attacking a police station in a town near Havana, and that several people were injured, including the police officers. “In light of the image problem that the government currently has on the international stage, it’s now resorting to criminal charges akin to the Spanish Inquisition, labeling political prisoners as criminals and terrifying the population,” Mr. Vivanco added. The artist Luis Manuel Otero, a highly visible figure among Cuban dissidents, and José Daniel Ferrer, the leader of Cuba’s most important opposition group, are among those who have gotten detained. There are also dozens of professionals, activists, photographers, and independent journalists who are being held in detention centers. It is difficult to gather information and the correct amount of those detained, because the government will not release that information. Cuban rights civil groups say that about 500 demonstrators have been arrested, with the whereabouts of about 300 people still remains unknown. Those who have been released, are now ordered under house-arrest.

FINANCE Ask Dr. Per Cap - More Covid-19 Relief?

Dear Dr. Per Cap, How do I know if I’m eligible to receive the new Covid-19 monthly relief payments that were just announced? Signed, Arizona Mom

Dear Arizona Mom, It’s official. Starting in July the IRS will begin making monthly payments to families that qualify for a recently expanded child tax credit. This Covid-19 related benefit is part of the American Rescue Plan, a nearly $2 trillion dollar relief package signed into law in March. It’s the latest round of numerous federal relief packages since the virus hit last spring. The first step to qualify is to file a 2020 tax return. The filing deadline has been extended to May 17th but don’t wait that long. The credit is based on your 2020 federal return so the sooner you file the sooner you can qualify for the direct payments. The child tax credit is nothing new; however, it’s ordinarily capped at $2,000 a year for each child under seventeen for families under a certain income level. The new and expanded credit increases this amount to $3,600 for each child six and under and $3,000 for older kids of families earning less than $75,000 a year or $150,000 for married couples. Similar to the three Covid-19 Economic Impact payments, the last of which was paid earlier this year, the amount of the expanded child tax credit is gradually reduced for higher income families and completely phases out for families earning $95,000 annually or $170,000 for married couples. As mentioned, a unique feature of the credit is that rather than wait until next year to claim it, payments begin in July. Also remember that this is a one year expansion of the child tax credit that only applies to 2021. For families that qualify for the full credit monthly payments will amount to $300 for each child six and under and $250 for ages seven and up. Payments will be made by check, direct deposit, or debit card through December. If that math doesn’t add up, it’s because it doesn’t. Six months of payments only equals $1,500 and $1,800 respectively or half the full credit amount. The remaining half will be claimed next year when filing your 2021 tax return. As always, keep tabs on your available tribal Covid-19 benefits too. The American Rescue Plan provides specific funds to support tribal nations in their ongoing efforts to provide expended services and benefits to tribal citizens. In the meantime stay safe. We’re in a lot better shape than a year ago but we need to stay vigilant.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

SPORTS

Amil Mitchell (Nez Perce): Three-Sport Star from Lapwai HS is Excelling at LeMoyne-Owen College By Dan Ninham, ndnsports.com

One of the elite high school athletes from the Lapwai High School powerhouse in Idaho athletics is continuing to excel in college in Tennessee. Amil Mitchell, 21, is from the Nez Perce tribe and is from Lapwai, Idaho. She competes for LeMoyneOwen College, an HNCU in Memphis, Tennessee, and is going into her senior year. “My tribal core values define who I am as an athlete with a lot of respect,” said Amil. “Respect for the game, other players, for my coaches, teammates and really for the game all around.” “Currently as an athlete I am going into my senior year with an extra year of eligibility due to COVID-19,” said Amil. “My goals are to graduate after the spring term of 2022 with my Bachelor’s degree and then continue onto my Master’s degree while also taking advantage of my extra year of eligibility.” “My lifelong mentor is my older brother, Imani Mitchell,” said Amil. “The more experience she gains, the more of a student she becomes,” said Imani Mitchell, off-season trainer and big brother. “Either side of the ball, offense or defense, Amil will make an

impact on the game. Able to use her small, long frame to be a defensive irritant. Always plays with a hustle mindset. If there’s one thing you know you can get from Amil, it’s energy. She may not be the biggest vocal leader but her actions speak volumes. They type of player you gate playing against, but love playing with.” My coaches are Anthony Partee and Jonathon Collins,” said Amil. “Each person has impacted my life in significant ways that will always stay with me whether it be advice on the court or in life.” “Amil is an exceptional talent,” said Anthony Partee, head women’s basketball coach at LeMoyne-Owen College. “Amil is a leader on and off the basketball court. Her ability is to make others around her better is second to none. She has a great deal of potential and her competitive spirit is unmatched,” added Anthony. Amil as a three-sport star at Lapwai High School in Idaho. She equally excelled in all sports she played in. she was one of the team members of a three-peat Idaho State Basketball Championship seasons. One of her basketball highlights included a quadruple-double. On January 26, 2018, she was named P1FCU Prep Athlete of the Week. She had 17 points,

Amil Mitchell at LeMoyne-Owen College. (Photo from LeMoyne-Owen College Athletics)

10 assists, 11 steals, and 11 rebounds in a game versus Potlatch High School. “Amil is a very hard worker and makes sure that she pushes herself in anything that she does,” said Ada Marks, Amil’s volleyball and softball coach at Lapwai High School. “What I liked best about being her coach is that she always has a positive attitude and real leader on and off the court. When she makes a mistake on the court she does well in bouncing back and staying focused mentally. No matter if her team is winning or losing she plays hard to the final whistle.” “She is always trying to find ways to help herself be-

come better at her game and being back home she’s stepping in and practicing with her younger sister’s team and being a great role model for them. I’m very proud of her for taking her game to the collegiate level,” added Ada. “I did what a lot fear to do,” said Amil. “I took off far from home just to chase my dream of playing college basketball. My adventurous spirit and passion for the game is taking me to places I’d never imagined going to. I went for it and never gave up, despite the obstacles in my path.” “I stayed true to my goals and dreams and am fearlessly pushing to make them happen,” said Amil.

Welcome our Lapwai Rural Community

WE PR INT!

We are changing at our church we need your help and support. We will from now on have tribal lay leaders from our own community to help build the United Methodist Indian Mission Church back up in numbers. We, at one time feared closure but we are going to pull forward and do what we can as a community. Many congregations are losing people across this nation but we in our community can help by becoming members of this congregation. We welcome you to attend to see what can be done to keep the doors open for this community. We pray you will walk with us in this time of losses of faith as one people. We want this church to succeed.

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SAFETY

Safety During a Violent Encounter

StrongHearts Native Helpline, stronghearts.com

Be aware that in an abusive relationship, violence is used as a tactic for the abuser to maintain power and control over the victimsurvivor. The violence will continue and may escalate in intensity and frequency. Safety planning is an individualized process where a practical plan is created that includes ways to remain safe while in an abusive relationship. An advocate can help you produce a plan and discuss your options with you. If a violent encounter seems imminent and unavoidable, there are a few options to consider to keep you safe. These tips cannot guarantee your safety, but by using your experience and intuition, along with these tips, you may be safer. You are the best person to judge your safety. ● Try to control your breathing in through your nose and out through your mouth so you can continue to think clearly. ● Say or do whatever you can to de-escalate the situation. ● Avoid rooms or areas without an easy escape. ○ Stay on the ground floor if possible. ○ For example, a basement with stairs and one point of entry will be difficult to escape from during a violent attack. ● Mentally plan how you might escape from each room in advance. ● Be aware of your surroundings. Think about what you could use to shield yourself when your partner becomes abusive. ● Avoid getting into a vehicle. ● Avoid areas where weapons are easily accessible. ○ Kitchens are dangerous because of the access to knives. Bathrooms are dangerous because of slipping and the many hard surfaces in a small area. Garages or sheds can also be dangerous

because of access to tools and other heavy equipment. ○ Avoid any areas where firearms are stored or kept, even if they are locked securely. ● Remove necklaces and scarves if possible as these could be used to strangle you. Remove earrings. ● Move away from any children in the area. ● Consider safe places to go after escaping. ● Choose a code word or signal that would let children, relatives or neighbors know they should call for help. ● Hide spare keys and money in a safe place or ask a safe person to hold onto them for you in case you need to flee unexpectedly. ● If you are unable to get away from the abuser and are being assaulted, try to make yourself as small as possible to minimize any injuries. Get into a corner or put your back to a wall, bring your knees to your chest and use your arms to cover your neck. ● You have the right to protect yourself and that includes calling the police. After the Violence: After a violent encounter, it can be difficult to process what has happened, take time for yourself to recover and reconnect with yourself. Seek medical attention if needed and is safe to do so. Consider

documenting the violence and abuse. Take pictures and write descriptions of the abuse in a journal or open an email account and email them to yourself. If there are any medical or police reports documenting the abuse, keep the records. Make sure your information is kept in a safe place. Keeping documentation will allow you to have an option to pursue legal action in the future. Participating in self-care activities like exercise, eating healthy, counseling, journaling, knowing when and how to emotionally check out dur-

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

ing times of duress could be helpful. Be gentle with yourself mentally and physically. Practice your spirituality by smudging, praying or sitting with your traditional medicines if this helps heal your spirit. “Immediate safety is important and long-term safety planning should be considered when you are in or exiting an abusive relationship,” said StrongHearts Services Manager Joy Samuelson (Standing Rock Sioux Tribe). “Our advocates can help you plan for your safety, no matter what your current situation is.” StrongHearts Native Helpline is a 24/7 culturallyappropriate, anonymous, confidential and free service dedicated to serving Native survivors, concerned family members and friends affected by domestic, dating and sexual violence. Call or text 1-844-762-8483 or click on the chat icon at strongheartshelpline.org to connect with an advocate. StrongHearts Native Helpline is a project of the National Indigenous Women’s Resource Center and the National Domestic Violence Hotline.

TRIBAL

Yakama Celebrates its Win for Treaty Lands By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

The Yakama nation is rejoicing over the win that helped them reclaim their rights upon their treaty lands. On Friday, June 11th, the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals made a unanimous decision that rules the land known as “Tract D” is under the 1.4-million-acre reservation of the Yakama nation. This land was put on the side under the treaty of 1855, in recognition of its importance to the Yakama people. “The Ninth Circuit’s decision is a resounding victory for the rights that our ancestors reserved in the Treaty of 1855,” Chairman Delano Saluskin said in response to the 26-page ruling. The land that is called Tract D is important to the Yakama people and was vital for their ancestors. It has 121,465 acres of land and is located on the southwestern

part of the Yakama reservation. Mount Adams, which is very sacred to the Yakama people, is also included in Tract D. As established by their ancestors, Mount Adams was a critical place to go to for food, water, and other vital resources. “Both parties to the treaty joined together to protect the Yakama Reservation from Klickitat County’s challenge, and we are thankful the Ninth Circuit honored the treaty parties’ common understanding,” said Saluskin. For a couple years now, the territory known as Tract D was the center for oral dispute. The officials of Klickitat County have reserved jurisdiction over Tract D for years now, which also included the arrest of a tribal minor for an alleged incident of juvenile delinquency. The 9th circuit acknowledged the ambiguity with the connection of Tract D, realizing that the people of the Yakama na-

tion did not speak fluent English in 1855. Because of this, the court accepted that particular portion of the treaty must be upheld and respected. “Under the Indian canon of construction, the treaty’s ambiguity must be resolved according to the Yakamas’ understanding that Tract D was included within the Yakama Reservation,” Judge Michelle Friedland wrote for the appeals court. Therefore, the court appealed that Klickitat does not hold any jurisdiction over tribal members on the reservation, preventing them from prosecuting Yakama tribal citizens and other Natives from other tribes on the Yakama reservation. Jurisdiction over juvenile delinquency, for example, is shared between the federal government and the tribe. However, the United States has not always lived up to their end of the bar-

gain when it comes to treaty rights, as we all know. Under Public Law 280, local and state authorities had the right to prosecute the Native people of Washington, on their reservations, for over 50 years. In 2014, however, Gov. Jay Inslee issued a proclamation (known as “retrocession”) that prohibited nonNatives to hold jurisdiction over the Indigenous people on the reservation, resulting in Klickitat’s attempt to fight the ruling. The Department of Interior then accepted the retrocession a year later, under the Obama administration. “The department is committed to ensuring the federal government honors the government-to-government relationship with tribes and strengthens tribal sovereignty through meaningful tribal consultation,” Secretary Deb Haaland said in Congressional testimony on June 9th, 2021.

that the Court has acknowledged or recognized that call for tribal sovereignty to protect one’s people, and hold power over those who are not Native. On the Crow Indian Reservation, a tribal officer noticed an idling truck on the highway, seeing the man who was Joshua James Cooley. With high suspicion that the man in the truck was high and the probability of him resorting to violence, he drew his weapon and searched his

vehicle. Cooley was caught in possession of illegal drugs and arms in his compartment. This lead to a federal drug and firearms possession. Cooley argued that it was illegal for the tribal police officer to detain him because of his non-Native status. His defense declared that the officer should have let him go, unless the officer has actively witnessed him committing a crime. The prosecution argued that this jurisdiction causes an unsafe environment for the tribal people. “Indian tribes are sovereign entities unlike any other. Once fully independent nations, they are now domestic dependent sovereigns within the United States whose authority over their lands and the people who come onto their lands is now necessarily limited by that status,” said Elizabeth Reese, Bigelow Teaching Fellow and lecturer in law at the University of Chicago Law School. Justice Brett Kavanaugh

noted in oral argument that the Tribal Law and Order Commission and a group of former U.S. attorneys who worked in Indian country recounted the laws created by the court and Congress to govern authority over criminal conduct on reservations as so tangled, inconsistent, and irrational that they are an “indefensible morass.” The court reasoned that the power for Native officers to search and detain non-Natives will help give better security and protection for those within the reservation. They also stated that it is the necessary authoritative thing to do to help ensure the health and welfare of the people. If tribal police officers were not granted permission to stop non-Natives on their reservation, Breyer wrote, it would be “difficult for tribes to protect themselves against ongoing threats” such as “non-Indian drunk drivers, transporters of contraband, or other criminal offenders operating on roads within the boundaries of a tribal reservation.”

Supreme Court Ruling Supports Tribal Police Detaining Non-Natives

By Chloe Thompson, Communications Intern

On June 1st, in the United States vs Cooley trial, the Supreme Court ruled that tribal government and the tribal police can now stop, detain, and search non-Natives passing through highways on the reservation for suspected criminal acts against state and federal laws. This opinion was authored by Justice Stephen Breyer, and this is the first time

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

OBITUARIES Lilisa Marie Moses, 40, Kamiah, ID

Lilisa Marie Moses, also known as Fish Woman, Motsin, Tso-ciyalaht, of Kamiah, passed away Sunday, July 4, 2021. Tso-ciyalaht was born Aug. 23, 1980, in Lewiston to Lilly Kauffman-Moses and Lester Moses Sr. She attended grade school in Seattle and at Kamiah Elementary/Junior High. She later became a CV Ram and then studied prelaw and Nez Perce language at Lewis-Clark State College. She had numerous jobs, including office assistant at the Lochsa Ranger

District, cultural resources administrative assistant and Nez Perce language tech (where she taught classes for matalayma in Kamiah). Later she moved to Pendleton, Ore., where she became a journeyman carpenter for the next 15-plus years of her life. Lilisa enjoyed her time fishing, hunting, camping, spending time on the rivers, and camping in the mountains, where she gathered traditional medicines and foods. She was active in horsemanship throughout her upbringing and participated in upriver 4-H and Kooskia Saddleliers. She was a proud powwow dancer and hand-crafted a majority of her own regalia. Lilisa was known to ride her sik’em in parades, such as: BBQ Days, Lewiston Roundup, Lookingglass and Kooskia Days. She could show-stop in her cowgirl gear and enjoyed many local rodeos. She traveled to many different places around the country, including Maryland (for a horse program), Hawaii, California (for Rose Bowl), New Mexico, Montana and even to Cancun for vacation.

No one who met Lilisa forgot her infectious smile and her amazing sense of humor. She touched everyone with her grandiose voice of laughter. There was always a feeling of excitement if you knew that Lilisa was going to be at a family barbecue, birthday party, wedding, or any get-together, because you knew Lilisa would have everyone laughing and having a wonderful time. Lilisa was married to (the late) Thomas Jackson in June 2017; they enjoyed living together and spending time in the mountains, along the rivers and always among their friends and family. Lilisa is survived by her mother, Lilly Kauffman, of Kamiah, brother Willie Sahme, of Seattle, brother Sapsis Moses, of Kamiah, brother Nick Moses, of Seattle, sister Leslie Moses, of Nespelem, and many other family and friends. Lilisa was preceded in death by Lester Moses Sr., Gabe Moses, Thomas Jackson, John Kauffman Jr. and Sr., Josephine Moody-Kauffman, Norman Moses Sr. and

Jr., Suzan Seven, Tish Whitman, Elvira “Tweet” Moses, Mazie Moses, Terry Moses, Leslie “Cootsie” Randall, Jamie Moses, JeanAnn (Moses) Moose, Lillian Sis Moses, Phillip Moses, Gregory Moses, Sue Seven, Leslie Randle, Edward Waters, Terrance Moses, Norman Moses Jr., JeanAnne Moose and Jamie Recio. She was deeply loved and brought immense joy to those around her. She also loved being auntie to all her many nephews and nieces, whom many called her “auntie mom.” They were blessed to have her as their top teacher of many traditional activities such as hunting, fishing, camping and language. Many thanks to all who were a part of her life and were blessed to know her. An open denomination wake/memorial service was held at 7 p.m. Friday at the Wa’ay’as Community Center in Kamiah with walahsat service starting after and through today. Her cremated remains will be delivered to several locations that were very close to Lilisa’s heart.

Kenneth Ellenwood, 57, Kamiah, ID

Kenneth D. Ellenwood, a Nez Perce, was born September 7, 1963 in San Jose, CA. He passed away July 13, 2021 in Lewiston, Idaho. Kenneth is survived by his loving Fiancée Shelley Simpson, his mother Roberta Staiti of CA and father De-

wayne Ellenwood Sr. of Kamiah, Idaho. His siblings who survive him are Donald Ellenwood, CA., Dewayne Ellenwood Jr, CA., Jay Wise, CA., Justin Wise, AZ. Rose Wise, CA., Cheryl Ellenwood, Idaho, and Travis Ellenwood, Idaho. Kenneth’s children are Sarah Ellenwood, CA., Amanda Ellenwood, CA., and Austin Ellenwood, Idaho. His step children, Shoshawna Simpson and Sam George Jr. also survive him. Kenneth’s grandchildren are Izaiah Ellenwood, CA., Monica Holden, CA., Selah Ellenwood, CA., Avery Lossman, CA., and Kaylee Lossman, CA. Ken was also loved by many nieces and nephews. Ken was proceeded in

death by his sister, Catherine Ellenwood and brother Darryl Ellenwood, ma-ternal grandparents Angelina and Alfred Staiti, paternal grandparents, Audrey Davis Lessor and Chester Lessor, his Dad, Jerome Wise and Uncle John Staiti. Ken attended Head Start and elementary in Kamiah, Idaho. He graduated from Oakgrove High School in San Jose, CA. Ken continued his education and graduated from Carpenters Apprentice School as a Journeyman Carpenter. Ken worked his way up to becoming a foreman for a large construction company in CA. He was a proud member of the carpenters’ union in CA. Ken was self-employed with a logo of “Ken the Carpenter”. He

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remodeled homes, built additions to homes, built beautiful decks, ramps and tree houses. He was an avid fisherman and chess player. While in high school Ken was a star quarterback and basketball player. Ken also played basketball for the San Jose Indian League. Ken was loved and will be forever missed by family and friends. A Funeral Service will be held Saturday, July 31, 2021 at 10:30 am at the Pi Nee Waus Community Center in Lapwai, Idaho. A meal will follow the service. Deborah TwoHatchet has been selected as Head Cook. Everyone is welcome. Malcolm Brower Wann Funeral Home has been entrusted to care for the family

OBITUARIES

Jesse Paul, 87, Craigmont, ID

Nez Perce Tribal Member of Craigmont, Idaho, a member of the American Legion Craigmont Post 38, Indian Health Services Finance Retiree and small business owner of Soaring Eagle Galley, passed away on February 27, 2021 at the age of 87 after a long courageous battle with cancer. Jesse Paul's love of life did not come to an end with his death; he is surrounded by loved ones who will continue to honor his legacy by living their lives to the fullest. He is the son of Titus James Paul and Maxine S. Caster Paul. He was born in Arkansas City, Kansas July

29, 1933. He was the oldest of five. In February 1997, Jesse married Bertha Morgan and she was the love of his life. They had been together since September of 1992. He is survived by his wife Bertha, her daughter Lorna Morgan Mendoza (sp. Josue Mendoza), grandson Joshua Edmond Mendoza, and his children Colleen Bockman, Greg Paul, Gary Paul and Jackie Lynn Paul. His sisters Jackie Ingils (sp. LeRoy Ingils), Roberta Wise (sp. Phil Wise), sister in-laws Donna Paul and Peggy Coursey Paul. There are 7 grandchildren and 10 great grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his son Kevin, parents Titus J. Paul and Maxine S. Caster Paul, brothers, Wayne Richard Paul, and Warren Gilbert Paul. Jesse worked for the Indian Health Services for 30 years starting at the Phoenix Area office in Phoenix, Arizona then onto various IHS Service Units. Jesse officially retired

after 30 years of service from IHS. Prior to his retirement he was awarded the 1997 Director's Award for Excellence and Commitment to the Phoenix Area Indian Health implementation of Public Law 93-638, Indian Self-Determination. Jesse served in the United States Air Force from 1953 to 1957 during the Korean War. He worked for Air Research and Development and Strategic Air Command (SAC). Test firing and evaluating the development of the GE Vulcan Cannon. He was honorably discharged with the rank of A3C. His interests and hobbies included obtaining his Commercial Pilots License with multi-engine and instrument ratings. He enjoyed flying aerobatics and flying small aircrafts. He also enjoyed golf and bowling. He participated in the Senior Olympics from 1989 to 2020. He won several medals in his age category which included three gold medals for singles bowling and two overall champion gold medals. He

Have executive leadership experience and a commitment to restoring salmon and protecting tribal treaty fishing rights? The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission is seeking a dynamic, high-level strategic thinker, a great spokesperson, and an effective manager to serve as its Executive Director. Help guide the organization tasked to provide technical assistance and coordinate the fisheries management responsibilities of its four member tribes—the Yakama, Umatilla, Warm Springs, and Nez Perce. Be a part of the tribal effort to put fish back in the rivers and protect the watersheds where they live. To see complete position details, visit:

www.critfc.org/executive

The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission is seeking a dynamic, highlevel strategic thinker, a great spokesperson, and an effective manager to serve as its Executive Director. Be a part of the tribal effort to put fish back in the rivers and protect the watersheds where they live. To see complete position details, visit: www.critfc.org/ executive

COLUMBIA RIVER INTER-TRIBAL FISH COMMISSION YA K AMA · U MAT I L L A · WA R M S P R I N G S · N E Z P E R C E Por tland, Oregon · www.critfc.org · (503) 238-0667

Have executive leadership experience and a commitment to restoring salmon and protecting tribal treaty fishing rights? The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission is seeking a dynamic, high-level strategic thinker, a great spokesperson, and an effective manager to serve as its Executive Director. Be a part of the tribal effort to put fish back in the rivers and protect the watersheds where they live. To see complete position details, visit: www.critfc.org/executive COLUMBIA RIVER INTER-TRIBAL FISH COMMISSION YA K AMA · U MAT I L L A · WA R M S P R I N G S · N E Z P E R C E Por tland, Oregon · www.critfc.org · (503) 238-0667

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

also received four additional gold medals, four silver medals, and four bronze medals for golf and teams bowling. In 1996, he achieved a perfect 300 bowling game. Jesse was very outgoing and also participated in Toast Masters. He enjoyed jazz and big band music and dancing. Jesse enjoyed dressing in his Nez Perce traditional regalia and participated in dancing at Native American Powwows. He was also a member of the Lapwai Nez Perce Gourd Dance Society. Jesse also was instrumental in beginning the research of his Nez Perce Paul family heritage going back to 1793. Jesse was the fund raising Chairman with the American Legion No. 38 and was successful in holding that position since 2014. He will be interred at the 2nd Kamiah Indian Presbyterian Cemetery, Kamiah, Idaho during the summer of 2021. Donations may be made to the Craigmont American Legion Post 38, PO Box 33, Craigmont, ID 83523.

OBITUARIES Franklyn Ray Taylor, 40, Lapwai, ID

Franklyn Ray Taylor (icteleeyheyx), 40, of Lapwai, was born March 3, 1981, to Phillip and Kathy Taylor in Lewiston, joining his older sister, Tanya. He entered into rest Sunday, July 25, 2021, with his mom and dad at his side in Spokane. He was a member of the Nimiipuu Nation, the Nez Perce Tribe (NPT). Franklyn was the namesake for both his maternal and paternal grandfathers and he was proud to carry on their names. As a child, Franklyn was on the go and full of imagination. His imagination would take him to the underground with the Ninja Turtles, to driving cars and trucks across the floor, and to playing with many action figures who flew the skies. He and his sister were inseparable and where one would go, the other would follow. Franklyn and Tanya could go from wrestling to hugging in a heartbeat and no one could pick on his sister without him protecting her. From grade school through adulthood, Franklyn enjoyed playing many sports. In grade school, he played football with the Baby Wildcats, Boys and Girls Club basketball, and baseball with the Parks and Recreation club. He played T-ball, Little League and Babe Ruth baseball, which continued into high school. In his junior year of high school, he began playing golf and it evolved to be a passion of his into adulthood. Franklyn was proud to be a true Lapwai

Wildcat, and he was grateful to be a part of the Lapwai Wildcats’ state basketball championship team in 2000. Franklyn also picked up a passion for playing competitive darts. Franklyn participated in team dart tournaments, placing first in the Fall Dart League in 2005, second in the Winter Dart League in 2005, and third place in the Fall Dart League in 2006. His cousins remember in humor how he wouldn’t let them learn darts unless he was there to coach them. In addition to participating in sports, Franklyn was an extremely proud Seattle Seahawks and Kansas Jayhawks fan. He enjoyed cheering on (and defending) his teams with his many family members and friends. Franklyn graduated from Lapwai High School in the Class of 2000. While still in school, he worked for the JTPA program with the BIA in the summer of 1995; he helped during the floods of January 1997 with the NPT Forestry; from June through December 1998, he did smolt monitoring for NPT Fisheries; and in July 1999 he worked as a timber cruiser with NPT Forestry. Following high school, he worked as an aid for the NPT Forestry and Fisheries Departments. Franklyn worked in construction with M.A. Deatley Construction laying pipe, culverts and road work. He was proud to have earned certifications as a heavy equipment operator for the hydraulic excavator and backhoe, and he ran many other pieces of heavy equipment as well. Franklyn also worked in construction with Harcon Construction, A & R Construction and M.L. Albright & Sons. He spent four years working for S&S Construction and was proud to be a part of the construction of the Clearwater River Casino and Nimiipuu Health Clinic. In 2008-09, Franklyn was part of the team that constructed the highway from Mission to Pendleton, Ore. From Decem-

ber 2009 through July 2016, he worked for the NPT Plant Maintenance. As part of his duties with maintenance, Franklyn played a key role to many families in the NPT community by helping dig many graves for loved ones who passed on. In his most recent job, Franklyn worked for TW Tree Service. Franklyn enjoyed his roles in all of his jobs and all the friends he met along the way. Franklyn was one of the founding members of the Lightning Creek drum group and took pride in serving as the Drum Keeper for many years. Being a part of Lightening Creek was such an important aspect and a key honor of Franklyn’s life. Lightning Creek drummed at many celebrations around the country and was well known for its unique style. In 2014, the group was selected to play the opening song for the Native American Music Awards in New York City and was nominated for three awards. Franklyn was proud to travel to New York for this renowned event. The group won many drum contests at celebrations throughout the Pacific Northwest and around the country from 1996 to present. He and his cousin/brother Tom Williamson taught themselves how to make drums from hides and also gifted drums to other groups. Franklyn sang with other drum groups including Wild Rose, Redtail, Blacklodge, Young Gray Horse and others. Lightning Creek recorded two albums, with the second one being recorded at his house in Lapwai. Franklyn was a proud Nez Perce Tribal member and he practiced his culture and traditions by dancing, singing, participating in ceremonies and celebrations. He was recognized at a celebration for taking young ones out for their first kills and teaching them to hunt and fish. He was an avid hunter and fisherman and provided meat and fish for family and friends. Frank-

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

lyn received his Indian name, icteleeyheyx, from Josephine Ramsey and his name’s meaning is “Sawing With a Blade For a Long Time.” His name was a true guide for his life, as Franklyn spent many days out cutting firewood and distributing it to elders and families. Franklyn was preceded in death by his maternal grandfather, Raymond Souther Sr.; paternal grandfather Frank Taylor and grandmother Viola LaRae (Powaukee) Taylor; uncles Franklyn (Gus) Taylor, Robert “Coon” Williamson and Darrel “Bozo” Baptiste; and brother/cousin Lance Baptiste. He is survived by his parents at the family home in Lapwai; sister Tanya Taylor, of Toppenish, Wash.; maternal grandmother Mary Jane (Walker) Souther, of Lapwai; uncles Harold “Skip” (Patty) Williamson and Adrian “Gigi” Taylor, of Lapwai; Craig “Smokey” Taylor, of Clarkston; Spike (Denise) Souther, of Kooskia; Edward (Chere) Souther and Bob Kirtland, of Kamiah; aunts Alexis “Jinx” Baptiste, of Lapwai; Maple (Steve) Stuivenga, of Kamiah, and Wanda Souther, of Lapwai; his cousin/brothers Brooklyn Baptiste, Siab McLoud, John “John Boy” Williamson, Tom “Lil’ Tom” Williamson, Robert “Bert” Williamson, Tui “Taylor” Moliga, Mike “Boner” Bisbee Jr., Wilson “Frosty” Powaukee, Austin “Bob” Samuels, Tom “Wop” Fazio, and Luis “Foo” Arenas; sister/cousins Rachel Kirtland and Isabelle Penass; and goddaughter Micah LaQuan Bisbee. He is also survived by many nieces, nephews, cousins and friends who knew and loved him. A celebration of Franklyn’s life will be held at 10 a.m. today at the Pi-Nee-Waus Community Center in Lapwai. Officiating the service will be Bryan Samuels, of Kamiah. Burial will follow at the Tribal Cemetery in Lapwai. Malcom’s Brower-Wann Funeral Home is in charge of services. Rest In Peace Frank the Tank.

ANNOUNCEMENTS

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

ANNOUNCEMENTS Job Announcement Position: Executive Director Salary: $152,319.00 - $172,805.00 Location: Portland, Oregon Closing Date: August 31, 2021

The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission (CRITFC) is looking for an inspiring, creative, and resourceful individual to serve as Executive Director of the organization. S/he will be responsible for the leadership, administration, and management of the organization and will lead a team of department managers in accomplishing CRITFC’s goals and priorities as set by leadership from its member tribes. The Executive Director should be a dynamic, high-level strategic thinker, a great spokesperson, and an effective manager of people. S/he must be very familiar with tribal culture and tribal leaders and governance. S/he should be comfortable working at the executive level, preferably bringing previ-ous experience working with a board. Past experience working in fisheries, natural resources, or tribal governance is helpful; a commitment to restoring salmon and protecting tribal treaty fishing rights is a must. The Executive Director will plan CRITFC mission objectives with guidance from its Commissioners and lead a professional team to implement them. S/he will work collaboratively with internal and external partners to accomplish the broad goals and mission of the organization. The Executive Director is the Commission’s representative and voice. S/he is expected to persuasively convey the mission and priorities of CRITFC and its member tribes to diverse groups including tribal councils, federal representatives and agents, media, partners, and the general public. S/he will be able to communicate professionally with a wide variety of people of diverse cultural professional and eco-nomic backgrounds for the purpose of developing, negotiating and/or implementing programs and projects. The Executive Director will have a key assignment to continue the development of scientific knowledge, policy advocacy, and legal research necessary to support the implementation of WyKan-Ush-Mi Wa-Kish-Wit (Tribal Salmon Restoration Plan) with its goal to put fish back in the rivers and pro-tect the watersheds where fish live. CRITFC offers competitive compensation, 401k for eligible employees, excellent benefits, flexible work policies, and a collaborative work environment. We also provide professional development opportuni-ties, promote from within, and have a Native hiring preference as part of our commitment to building tribal expertise, workforce development, and education. As a result, you will find a culture that sup-ports and inspires fulfilling achievement in the protection of the natural world and the tribal cultural connection to it. Starting salary range: $152,319.00 - $172,805.00. Closing date: August 31, 2021. Employment application and full job announcement located at https://www.critfc.org/blog/jobs/ executive-director-2/

Memorial & Give Away In memory of Darryle "Dow" Broncheau Chief Lookingglass Pow-Wow on August 20, 2021

Memorial Please join us and celebrate the life of Ruth McConville Saturday, August 14, 2021, Lapwai City Park Stone Setting 9:00 a.m., Lapwai Tribal Cemetery Giveaway and dinner to follow Lapwai City Park

GHZ Deployment Nez Perce Tribe Receives $25,000 Grant for 2.5 GHZ Deployment The Nez Perce Tribe recently received a $25,000 grant from the First Nations Development Institute of Longmont, Colorado. This award will support the efforts of the Nez Perce Tribe’s 2.5 GHz deployment. The Nez Perce Tribe will be testing equipment to deliver fixed LTE service using its existing infrastructure. The Nez Perce Tribe will use this funding from First Nations Development Institute in combination with other sources for the engineering expenses to complete seven tower site surveys and design. The project with support tribal efforts to claim and control broadband spectrum assets to increase and strengthen broadband access for our communities. The Nez Perce Network Systems has provided service delivery over ten years. For more information please contact Melissa King (208) 843-7307 or via email at melissak@nezperce.org. Nez Perce Tribe website: www.nezperce.org.

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

ANNOUNCEMENTS

Job Announcement The Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forests, Salmon River Ranger District, is seeking a candidate to fill a permanent information receptionist, GS-0304-04, position with a duty station of White Bird, Idaho at the Slate Creek Ranger Station. Interested applicants should contact Zach Peterson, acting District Ranger, Salmon River Ranger District, at zachary.peterson@usda.gov. The information receptionist is the face of the District. The position greets visitors, answers phone calls and e-mails and provides excellent customer service to the public we serve. This front desk position is responsible for keeping the office open during business hours and is the main interface between the public and the Salmon River Ranger District. The information receptionist maintains displays in the front office, and orders publications as necessary. The displays are changed seasonally and for special public information programs. The information receptionist uses imagination and good tast to achieve attractive and engaging displays for the public. They explain rules relating to the use of recreational areas and their facilities, attempts to obtain greater public cooperation in protecting resources from fire and vandalism, preventing stream pollution and keeping areas free of litter. The information receptionist is knowledgable in a variety of resource areas and often must evaluate questions to determine whom to route the individual to for further information. The front desk plays a crtitical role in education of the public regarding rules, regulations, fire prevention, recreation oportunities and others. This position serves as a collection officer to sell items to the public, including National Forest maps, Christmas tree permits, firewood permits, Golden Age Passports, and others. They may also prepare bills for collection using an electronic accounting system. The position may assist with the day to day operations of the District Office. Editing, distributing and routing of district publications and materials ensures employees have the information they need. A successful candidate will: • Provide outstanding customer service to the public and to District/Forest employees and visitors • Be knowledgeable in word processing applications, spreadsheets, and computers • Be able to evaluate questions and concerns from the public to route to the appropriate specialist • Be knowledgeable in many facets of the District’s operations, including recreation, mining, timber harvest, etc. to be able to discuss these programs with the public. • Serve as the collections officer responsible for accountable property, selling items to the public and maintaining exact records of items sold and money received. • Have strong interpersonal skills to work with and communicate effectively with the public and government employees.

Happy Birthday Mikailah Love, All Your Family

Nimiipuu Health Notice The Optometry Department will not be available for patient care from August 9-16, 2021. Dr. Huh will be on pre-scheduled and approved leave during that time. The office will remain open during regular hours (8:00am-4:30pm) to address your needs including order pick-ups, adjustments and appointment scheduling. Please do not hesitate to contact the direct line for Optometry at 208-621-4965 for questions or urgent eye care needs. The staff will be happy to help.

THE POWER OF TRIBAL WOMEN ECOMMERCE

FREE Kick Off Event PRESENTED BY: IDAHO NATIVE AMERICAN WOMEN BUSINESS ALLIANCE

JOIN US!

Join us for a Kick off Luncheon celebrating and welcoming Nez Perce Tribe members to the Idaho Native American Women Business Alliance. Followed by a payment processing workshop by ICCU: Learn the pros and cons of different payment processing systems and other financial business information. Men and women are invited to attend!

Enjoy a presentation by Jo Ann Kauffman,

President and owner of Kauffman and Associates, Inc.

The vacancy announcement will be available on the USAJOBS website: www.usajobs.gov/

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August

August 17th, 2021 From: 12pm-1:30pm PST Location: Live or on Zoom Clearwater Casino & Lodge Event Center The IWBC is hosted by the Idaho Hispanic Foundation and funded in part by a cooperative agreement with the US Small Business Administration

Waw’ama’ayq’áal | August