MONDAY, OCTOBER 27, 2014•THE BULLETIN
A3
TART TODAY
• Discoveries, breakthroughs,trends, namesin the news— the things you needto know to start out your day
It's Monday, Oct. 27, the 300th
day of 2014.Thereare 65days left in the year.
SCIENCE
HAPPENINGS
O ~Omp(~ gmp ~ p7 Campaign ads might
Torontomayoral election
— Voters head to the polls to elect a successor to RobFord, who announced lastmonth that he would not seek re-election as he battles a rareand difficult form of cancer.
STUDY
Not good, according to the findings of the Rosetta mission, which has been chasing comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for the last decade.
shows that outside spending in judicial races has been on WASHINGTON — The the rise in recent years and influx of money into state such groups tend to buy more judicial elections may be attack ads than candidates bad news for those accused or parties. More money and of crimes. more attack ads have flowed A new study, sponsored in as justices have veered inby the American Constitu- creasingly in their rulings tion Society for Law and against those accused of Policy, finds that the more
— From wirereports
crimes.
ads aired during state suThis year alone, TV ad preme court campaigns, spending in Michigan and the more likely justices North Carolina has surpassed are to rule against crim- $1 million. More than $1.4 inal d efendants — poten-million was spent in the retially from fear of appear- tention campaign for t h r ee ing "soft on crime." That Tennessee Supreme Court finding is the result of an justices this summer; all three analysis of 3,000 state su-
held on to their seats. In that
preme court criminal ap-
election, the largest share of spending against them came
peals from 2008 to 2013 and is the latest in a string
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In1947, "You Bet Your Life,"
Actress Nanette Fabray is 94. Actor-comedian John Cleese is 75. Author Maxine Hong Kingston is 74. Country singer Lee Greenwood is 72. Producer-director Ivan Reitman is 68. Country singer-musician Jack Daniels is 65. Rock musician Garry Tallent (Bruce Springsteen 8 the EStreet Band) is 65. Actor Peter Firth is 61. Actor Robert Picardo is 61. World Golf Hall of FamerPatty Sheehan is 58. Internet news editor Matt Drudge is 48. Rock singer Scott Weiland is 47. Actor Sean Holland is 46. Actress Sheeri Rappaport is 37. Violinist Vanessa-Mae is 36. Actress-singer Kelly Osbourne is 30.
•
The Washington Post
Highlight:In1914, author-poet Dylan Thomaswasborn in Swansea,Wales. In1787,the first of the Federalist Papers, aseries of essays calling for ratification of the United StatesConstitution, was published. In1858, the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, was born inNew York City. In1880, TheodoreRoosevelt married his first wife, Alice Lee. In1904, the first rapid transit subway, the IRT,wasinaugurated in NewYork City. In1922,the first annual celebration of NavyDaytook place. In1938, Du Pontannounced a name for its newsynthetic yarn: "nylon."
BIRTHDAYS
can l ates eclsions •
By Niraj Chokshi
HISTORY
starring GrouchoMarx, premiered onABCRadio. (It later became atelevision showon NBC.) In1954, U.S. Air Force Col. Benjamin DavisJr. was promoted to brigadier general, the first black officer to achievethat rank in theUSAF.Walt Disney's first television program, titled "Disneyland" after theyet-to-be completed themepark, premiered onABC. In1962, during theCuban Missile Crisis, a U-2reconnaissance aircraft was shot down while flying overCuba, killing the pilot, U.S.Air Force Maj. Rudolf Anderson Jr. In1978, Egyptian President Anwar Sadatand Israeli Prime Minister MenachemBegin were named winners of theNobel Peace Prizefor their progress toward achieving aMiddle East accord. In1989, opera star Beverly Sills gave herlast public performance during afarewell gala at New York's Lincoln Center. In1995, a sniper killed one soldier andwounded18 others at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. (Paratrooper William J. Kreutzer was convicted in theshootings,andcondemned todeath; however, thesentencewas later commuted to life in prison.) Ten yearsago:The Boston Red Sox won their first World Series since1918, sweepingthe St. Louis Cardinals in Game 4, 3-0. New York City'ssubwaysystem marked its100th anniversary. Bandleader Lester Lanin died in New Yorkatage 97. Five yearsago: Eight American troops were killed in two separate bombattacks in southern Afghanistan. MichaelJackson's last work, the documentary "Michael Jackson:This Is It," opened. One yearago:TheBoston Red Sox beat theSt. Louis Cardinals 4-2 to tie theWorld Series at two gamesapiece;thegame finished with a pickoff play, a first in postseason history. Lou Reed, 71,who radically challenged rock's founding promise of good timesand public celebration as leader of theVelvet Underground and a solo artist and was afounder of indie rock, died in Southampton, New York.
be affecting judicial
from a committee formed by
of recent research that suggests increased campaign spending, by pro-business groups in m any cases may be distorting judicial rulings. "It's obviously paying off," says Dr. Joanna Shepherd, an Emory Law School p r ofessor
the state's Republican Lt. Gov. Ron Ramsey who said in a Facebook post after the elec-
and economist who wrote the report, "Skewed Jus-
with high-cost campaignswhich, Shepherd and Kang's findings suggest, come at a
tice," with fellow professor Michael Kang. The two examined ruling data involving 470 justices in 32 ESA via TheAssociated Press
The image, composed oftwo differentimages provided bythe European Space Agency, shows parts of the spacecraft Rosetta in front of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
By Deborah Netbum It turns out that the comet the Rosetta mission has been
Carbon disulfide would add who was not involved in the rejust a touch of sweetness, the search. "In general, you don't scientists say.
In all-eau d u
want to breathe in comets," he
C h uryu- said.
chasing for the last decade is a mov-Gerasimenko would be stinker. Literally.
Researchers from the University of Bern in Switzerland say that if you could take a
"They are mostly water, but
they also have a lot of primitive The research team used the organics that might smell like
pretty unpleasant.
two mass spectrometers in Rosetta's ROSINA instrument to determine what the comet
the La Brea tar pits."
ry for the people of Tennessee because, "For the first time in
decades, we had a real election for the Supreme Court." Those three states are just the latest in a trend of states
price for
d efendants. Dou-
bling the number of campaign ads was associated with a sizable decline in favorable rul-
states and compared it to
data on ads aired over the ings for criminal defendants. same time period, collected Doubling ads airedfrom 2,000 by the Brennan Center for
Los Angeles Times
tion that it represented a victo-
to 4,000 was associated with a
Justice, a nonpartisan pub- 2 percent decline in rulings in lic policy and law institute favor of criminal defendants, at the New York University they found. But doubling the Law School. number of airings from 10,000 From that research and
to 20,000 was associated with
a subsequent analysis, they concluded that favorable rulings for criminal
a decline in favorable rulings ofbetween 7 and 8 percent.
defendants declined both
The researchers at Bern said whiff of the cloud of gas surthey were surprised to find so rounding the icy nucleus of would smell like. many different types of moleccomet 6 7P/Churyumov-GerThe spectrometers allowed ular materials in the comet's asimenko you would smell the team to see the chemis- coma, especially because it is a pungent mix of hydrogen try in the gas cloud, or coma, still three times the distance sulfide (rotten eggs); am- around the comet's nucleus. from the sun as the Earth. monia (horse stable); and In Churyumov-GerasimenT hey expect that a s t h e ko's defense, most comets comet moves closer to the sun, formaldehyde. There would also be a hint probably have a similar smell, more gases will be released, of vinegar (sulfur dioxide) and said Carey Lisse, a scientist and the comet will smell even a whiff of alcohol (methanol). at Johns Hopkins University, worse.
as the number of campaign ads increased and in
Pure. &m/6 r"o.
the wake of the Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens Unit-
aj. B~ dU
ed ruling. The report also
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POLL
Neighborskeyto copingwith disasters By Emily C. Dooley The Associated Press
HOBOKEN, N.J. — Neighbor helping neighbor. Trust in a community. Looking out for each other. An A s s o ciated P r e s sNORC Center for Public Af-
fairs Research survey suggests that those factors — col-
"People, if they are individually prepared, can also the storm, while 57 percent make sure they are individsaid local government assist- ually safe and their commued them and 55 percent cited nities are safe," Mayor Dawn federalgovernment agencies Zimmer said. as helpful. The survey has a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 4.3 percentage points. Experts say fostering that type of bottom-up help is just as crucial as addressing infrastructure needs and policy dents said they got help from neighborsin recovering from
lectively termed "social resilience" — have a big impact on how prepared communities feelfordisasters such as Superstorm Sandy, and are seen makers should take heed.
"Having that level of trust,
as more valuable in a crisis than even government.
that preexisting level of trust
The survey polled more
means you sort of have this
than 1,000 residents in a doz-
reservoirto draw from in times of need," said the survey's principal researcher 2012 hurricane in New York a nd New J ersey. It f o u nd Kathleen Cagney, a Univerthat, regardless of income, sity of C hicago sociology residents in areas where peo- professorand director of the ple say their neighbors ac- Population Research Center tively seek to fix problems in at NORC at the University of the neighborhood are three Chicago. "Money doesn't buy times more likely to say their these informal reservoirs. community is extremely or You need to foster this." very prepared for a disasIn Hoboken, New Jersey, ter than people in commu- where the survey revealed nities without such social high community trust levels, resilience. government officials and resL ikewise, 37 p e rcent o f idents are focusing on ways residents in areas report- to foster social resilience. ing high levels of neighbors The city is launching a pilot helping each other are very program in a public housing or extremely confident their development that will designeighborhood would recover nate floor captains on each quickly from a disaster, com- level to collect information pared to 22 percent in areas on who is staying during with lower levels of neighbor- a storm and what medical ly cooperation. needs they may have. If sucThe survey also showed cessful, Hoboken's budget inresidentsrely more on neigh- cludes $25,000 to expand the bors than government. Six- program to public and senior ty-nine percent of respon- housing throughout the city. en communities hit by the
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