NORTH AMERICAN REGIONAL STUDBOOK SLOTH BEAR (MELURSUS URSINUS)
DATA CURRENT AS OF 10 FEB 2013
Travis Vineyard Curator of Animals Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Cleveland, Ohio USA tgv@clevelandmetroparks.com
Disclaimers
Copyright March 2013 by Cleveland Metroparks Zoo. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in hard copy, machine-readable or other forms without advance written permission from the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo. Members of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) may copy this information for their own use as needed. The information contained in this studbook has been obtained from numerous sources believed to be reliable. AZA and the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo make a diligent effort to provide a complete and accurate representation of the data in its reports, publications, and services. However, AZA and the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo do not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information. AZA and the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo make no warranties or representations of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability of fitness for particular purpose. AZA and the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo disclaim all liability for errors or omissions that may exist and shall not be liable for any incidental, consequential, or other damages (whether resulting from negligence or otherwise) including, without limitation, exemplary damages or lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use of this publication. Because the technical information provided in the studbook can easily be misread or misinterpreted unless properly analyzed, AZA and Cleveland Metroparks Zoo strongly recommend that users of this information consult with the Studbook Keeper in all matters related to data analysis and interpretation.
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Abstract The current ex-situ North American sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) population totals just 47 (22.21.4) individuals. Nine (5.4) of those individuals are located in non-Association of Zoos and Aquarium (AZA) institutions. This brings the scientifically managed sloth bear population to just 38 (17.17.4). Following the criteria outlined in the 2010 AZA sustainability assessment, the sloth bear population is ranked a Red level (Wiese, 2010). The Red designation identifies the population as having less than fifty individuals and unlikely to have long-term sustainability. Despite the sloth bear’s bleak population outlook, studbook data analysis facilitates a call to action to retain this species in North American zoos.
Introduction Some of the first references to population management of sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) are made in Lee Crandall’s 1964 edition of Management of Wild Mammals in Captivity. In this ample hardcover, there are just a few brief excerpts reciting the scant amount of knowledge about this species. Crandall’s text foretells the challenges of managing sloth bears by first recounting their Houdini like abilities to escape zoo confines and secondly describing their discouraging ability to reproduce and survive in captivity (1964). Now, nearly fifty years later, the zoo community has vast stores of knowledge about sloth bears, but confidence in their sustainability remains low (Marti, et al., 2012). To extract further knowledge and identify specific actions to mitigate population declines, a population viability analysis was developed to compel stakeholders. The core of these contemporary analyses is the data contributed by a studbook. The studbook is a compilation of historic and current data from sloth bear holding institutions. The primary information acquired when creating a studbook are current holdings, regional transfers, deaths and births. A studbook is a pedigree linking living animals back to founders of the population (i.e. wild born ancestors). They are not simply developed to insure species purity, but to aid in species management, contribute research data and solving population problems (Christie, et al., 2012). The data contained within a current studbook is essential in scientifically managing populations.
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Population viability analyses are an area of research using species-specific data to evaluate the vulnerabilities of small populations to predict future population trends (Lindenmayer, et al., 1993). They are computer modeled processes identifying threats to a population and evaluating the likelihood of that population persisting into the future (Boyce, 1992). The sloth bear population viability analysis revealed demographic, genetic and reproductive weaknesses jeopardizing the future of sloth bears in North American zoos. Maintaining a population’s sustainability and viability is a fundamental goal of conservation biology. Species management often entails defining the current status of a population, identifying threats, and predicting its future. Modifying population management strategies, prioritizing the population planning process and simplifying program administration may be necessary to achieve sustainability in zoo populations (Wiese, 2010). A 2010 Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) sustainability assessment ranked the sloth bear population a Red level (Wiese, 2010). The Red designation identifies the population as having less than fifty individuals and unlikely to have long-term sustainability without stakeholder action. Specific actions include dedicating additional space to sloth bears, research on promoting successful reproduction and forming a consortium to import new genetic founders.
Methods The primary avenue to acquire studbook information is to request a Taxon Report (i.e. detailed record of historical and current holdings of the entire taxonomic group) from any given institution. A secondary approach is to solicit a Specimen Report (i.e. detailed record of a known individual) from current holding institutions. The important information contained within these records includes the topics in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Studbook Information 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Date of birth or acquisition Identification of sire and dam Sex Place of birth (wild or captive) Transfer location (to and from dates) 6. Identification number 7. Date of death
Technology has facilitated data requests by taking advantage of online survey programs like SurveyMonkey (www.surveymonkey.com) (Appendix A). An additional reference source is International Species Information Systems (www.ISIS.org). This online database gathers self-
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reported species holding data from member institutions. ISIS is used to reconcile studbook data or investigate un-provided data. The next step in the process is merging the provided information into a database. A commonly used approach is to first utilize the Single Population Animal Record Keeping System (SPARKS) application. SPARKS is a DOS based database challenged by inefficient querying and reporting capabilities. Therefore, the SPARKS dataset was exported into PopLink. PopLink is a platform utilizing windows from which dataset filters can easily be applied to generate reports. The frequently requested reports include a listing of the historic population, all living individuals, all births, all transfers and all deaths within defined date ranges. The sloth bear population viability analysis was conducted by the Population Management Center (PMC), Chicago IL. The PMC is hosted by the Lincoln Park Zoo and provides genetic and demographic analysis of managed zoo populations. The range of management actions included addressing concerns of exhibit space, prevalent diseases, genetics, importation /exportation opportunities, reproduction and institutional cooperation. An online survey concluded the predominant concern was reproduction. Supported by the studbook data, the clear focus was to evaluate capacities for population growth.
Results Historic Population The first sloth bear recorded in North America appeared at the Philadelphia Zoo in 1889. Sloth bears have been exhibited in zoos, though often in small numbers, since the early 1900s. The Historic Population Report indicates there have been 319 individuals in the population’s history (i.e. 149 males, 120 females and 50 of unknown gender) (Appendix B). The population
Figure 2: Historic Captive Sloth Bear Population Trends (Groome, et al., 2010)
peaked in the early 1980s at 54 animals (Figure 2).
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Out of the numerous births and deaths from 1889 to current, the entire population is based on the genetic makeup of just 24 founding individuals. The gene diversity of the sloth bear population is 94% (Marti, et al., 2012). What can be extrapolated is a 6% erosion of gene diversity over approximately 40 years (i.e. 1970 – 2010). It is widely presumed a reduction in genetic variation challenges a population’s ability to adapt (Bouzat, et al., 1997). Isolated populations have further challenges if the small population carries deleterious alleles. Without the ability to respond to variables such as disease, harmful recessive traits or environmental change, a population’s extinction risk increases. Living Population The current ex-situ sloth bear population consists of 47 individuals (i.e. 22 males, 21 females and 4 of unknown gender) at 21 institutions (Appendix C). Of the 47 living individuals, 5 males and 4 females are located in non-Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) facilities (Appendix D). The two non-AZA facilities are Smoky Mountain Zoological Park (i.e. 5 males and 3 females) and Zoo León (i.e. 1 female). These variables bring the scientifically managed population size to 38 (i.e. 17 males, 17 females and 4 of unknown gender). Between 1 January 2010 and 1 March 2013, there were 12 births (Appendix E). These current births are attributed to just five reproductive pairs. The births have occurred at Toledo Zoo (TOLEDO), Tautphus Park Zoo (TAUTPHUS), Woodland Park Zoo (SEATTLE)(Figure 3), National Zoo (NZP-WASH) and the Brookfield Zoo Figure 3: Woodland Park Zoo’s Sloth Bear Cubs – Use Ctrl + Click to link to video (Hawk, 2013)
(CHICAGOBR). Between 1 January 2010 and 1 March 2013, there were 12 transfers (Appendix F). These current transfers were based
on the 2010 Breeding and Transfer Plan (Groome, et al., 2010). Five of the twelve transfers resulted in reproduction and involved #639, #638, #631, #594, and #547. Continued cooperation among stakeholders is critical for continued success.
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Deaths The captive sloth bear population tallied 12 deaths between 1 January 2010 and 1 March 2013 (Appendix G). The sex structure was 4 males, 5 females and 3 of unknown gender. Five of those deaths were related to cub births and subsequent failures to thrive. The age structure of the remaining deaths was between approximately 16 and 33 years old. Population Viability Analysis The sloth bear population viability analysis revealed three main risks to the
Captive Sloth Bear Population
captive sloth bear population. Topping the list was lack of space, the need for new alleles (i.e. importation) and reproduction (Marti, et al., 2012). Interestingly, the analysis exposed that all three main risks must be addressed to prevent population extinction (i.e. ex-situ). Figure 4: Extinction Risk over Time
Figure 4 represents the captive sloth bear population changes over time, provided
BLUE = No Changes, RED = Addition of Space, Lt. Blue = Increased Reproduction, Yellow = New Genes, Purple = Combination (Marti, et al., 2012)
the resolution of each risk. Making no changes, the population would effectively be extinct in 30 years. The addition of space slowed the rate of population decline, but not significantly. With the addition of reproduction, the population size should stabilize. By adding new genes, the population should see an initial boost, but would begin to dwindle in the absence of the other necessary variables. Lastly, when all three risks are addressed, the population model predicted a favorable response by growing and maintaining an effective population size. (Marti, et al., 2012) In conjunction with population size over time, changes in gene diversity were also projected. Similarly, gene diversity plummeted to 63% with no changes. The addition of space had little effect. Reproduction and the addition of new genes maintained an equivalent degree of gene
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diversity over time. The combination of all three
Captive Sloth Bear Population
components maintained 92% gene diversity as compared to the original 94%. (Figure 5, Marti, et al., 2012).
Discussion With a scientifically managed population size of 38, the sloth bear population is 12 animals shy of meeting the fifty individual animal minimum for sustainability. Raising the population to an effective size requires a growth rate of 3% over the next 10-12 years.
Figure 5: Gene Diversity with Varying Scenarios A = No Changes, B = Addition of Space, C = Increased Reproduction, D = New Genes, E = Combination (Marti, et al., 2012)
This equates to approximately 5-6 births a year. With an average of two cubs produced per successful pairing, at least three litters are required each year. Reproduction is facilitated by considering demographic goals, gene diversity, physical space available and the needs of individual institutions. Those variables are derived from the managed genetic and demographic data within the analytical studbook. (Groome, et al., 2010) The five litters produced during the last breeding season exceeded the benchmark of three litters (Appendix E). This is encouraging data because the population has demonstrated the reproductive ability to maintain a level population. However, the population viability analysis illustrated how reproduction alone will not allow the population to reach effective size. Additionally, the analysis also modeled gene diversity decreasing from 94% to 86% with just stable reproduction (Marti, et al., 2012). The captive sloth bear population illustrates a founding population experiencing a genetic bottleneck. With the loss of gene diversity over the last few decades, the sloth bear population
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has experienced a -2.1% growth rate (Groome, et al., 2010). The relationship between population size and gene diversity is due to inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression is one of the greatest genetic threats to small populations where breeding between close relatives unmasks punitive alleles (Ballou, et al., 1995). Low gene diversity is suspected in a host of issues ranging from deformities, infertility, infant mortality and shorter life spans (Willi, et al., 2006). The twelve documented deaths mirrored the twelve births during the same time frame and validated the population viability analysis’ predictive capabilities. To evaluate the deaths, a Descriptive Survival Statistics Report was generated. This report summarized survival records of captive sloth bears. The report described the median life expectancy of sloth bears as 15.6 years and the maximum longevity observed has been 36.3 years (Low, et al., 2012). The survival statistics data supports these recent deaths were within the normal range of life expectancies. The data supplied by this studbook allowed for the assessment of factors impacting the population’s sustainability. The underlying strength of the viability analysis was its ability to effectively identify population trends and designate management actions to mitigate population degradation. The sloth bear population viability analysis demonstrated the even if the current genetic population bred to its maximum potential, additional management strategies are likely needed to attain sustainability. The three recommended approaches are to promote additional exhibit space, collaborate on reproduction directed research and organize a multi-institutional approach of the importation of new genetic founders.
Conclusion The Association of Zoos and Aquariums is tasking its constituents to be committed to managing long term sustainability of captive populations. A forward step toward this goal is to utilize research to better understand the variables limiting sustainability. The studbook data supports this effort by gathering, organizing, and distributing vital information in order to maintain sustainability. The conservation of threatened and endangered species is not likely assured through just single variable improvements (i.e. reproduction). It requires analysis of a species’ needs and directly
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addressing viability threats (Mace and Sillero-Zubiri, 1997). One such methodology is to identify specific scenarios to aid in the recovery of struggling populations. The compilation of sloth bear data is best used to set priorities to mitigate decline rather than validate the probability of extinction. The captive sloth bear population has vast stores of data on known fecundity, longevity, genetics and demographics. It is also intensively managed to control exposure to disease, injuries, famine or other stochastic environmental conditions. However, the continued viability of captive sloth bears will remain uncertain if there are not champions of new and dynamic exhibit spaces, continued cooperation between holding institutions, and, most importantly, the formation of a consortium of North American zoos willing to financially support an importation of new genetic founders. Next Steps The proceeding steps, after the publication of this studbook, is to first attend and present these findings during the next AZA Bear Taxon Advisory Group meeting. This will be the ideal forum to engage the primary stakeholders. This meeting is well-suited to gage the interests in supporting an importation from range country (i.e. India). Secondarily, with an updated studbook, an appointment can be requested of the Population Management Center to perform a detailed population genetic analysis. From that analysis, sloth bear transfer and breeding recommendations can be established. It is the hope the affected constituents will abide by these recommendations and strive for a sustainable population.
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References Ballou, J. D. & Foose, T. J. (1995). Demographic and genetic management of captive populations. In Wild Mammals in Captivity (ed. D. G. Kleinman, S. Lumpkin, M. Allen, H. Harris & K. Thompson), pp. 263±283. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Boyce, M.S. (1992). Population viability analysis. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 23:481-506. Bouzat, J.L., Cheng, H.H., Lewin, H.A., Westemeier, R.L., Brawn, J.D., Paige, K.N. (1998). Genetic evaluation of a demographic bottleneck in the greater prairie chicken. Conservation Biology, 12:836843. Christie, S., Lees, C., Wakefield, S., and Wilcken, J. (2012). MANAGING ZOO POPULATIONS: compiling and analyzing. Crandall, L. S. (1964). The management of wild mammals in captivity. The management of wild mammals in captivity.
Groome, C., Thompson, D., and Vineyard, T. (2010). Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) AZA Animal Program Population Analysis and Breeding and Transfer Plan. Lincoln Park Zoo, Population Management Center, Chicago, IL. Hawk, R. (Photographer). (2013, May 04). Woodland Park Zoo's 3½-month-old twin sloth bear cubs make their public debut [Digital Image]. Retrieved from http://www.heraldnet.com/article/20130403/BLOG5204/130409944 Lindenmayer, D. B., Clark, T. W., Lacy, R. C. & Thomas, V. C. (1993). Population viability analysis as a tool in wildlife management: a review with reference to Australia. Environmental Management, 17, 745-58. Low, R., Faust, L., Vineyard, T. and Thompson, D. (2012). Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) AZA red program descriptive survival statistics report. Lincoln Park Zoo, Population Management Center, Chicago, IL. Mace, G., and C. Sillero-Zubiri. (1997). A preliminary population viability analysis for the Ethiopian wolf. Pages 51–60 in C. Sillero-Zubiri and D. Macdonald, editors. The Ethiopian wolf: status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Marti, K, Theis, M, Thompson, D, and Vineyard, T. (2012). Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) AZA animal program population viability analysis report. Lincoln Park Zoo, Population Management Center, Chicago, IL. Survey Monkey, (2013). http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/7YWQZHR Wiese, B. AZA, Task Force on the Sustainability of Zoo-Based Populations. (2010). Executive summary of program changes approved by the AZA board of directors. Silver Spring, MD: Association of Zoos and Aquariums.
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Willi, Y., Van Busrirk, J., and Hoffmann, A. (2006). Limits to the adaptive potential of small populations. Annual Review of Ecological Evolutionary Systems. 37:433–458.
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Appendix A Sloth Bear Population Survey- 2013 1. Institution Name?
2. List all currently LIVING sloth bears in your collection by Regional Studbook Number. (see next question for recent births / animals not yet assigned a regional studbook number) None Detail LIVING sloth bears
3. List any BIRTHS within the last 24 months. (studbook keeper will assign a Regional Studbook Number) No births Detail birth by: sex, date of birth and Local ID
4. List any DEATHS within the last 24 months. No Deaths Detail death by: Regional Studbook Number or Local ID and date of death
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5. List and TRANSFERS within the last 24 months. No Transfers Detail transfer by: Regional Studbook Number, date of transfer and receiving institution
6. What is your institution's maximum sloth bear holding capacity? One Bear Two Bears (companions) Breeding Pair Three Bears Breeding Pair and Offspring Future Holding Capacity?
7. Does your institution want/need to TRANSFER OUT or IN any sloth bears? No wants or needs Yes, provide details.
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8. Are there any discrepancies you would like the studbook keeper to resolve? No Yes, provide details.
9. Thank you for completing the survey. Please detail anyone, other than yourself, who would benefit from the published 2013 Sloth Bear Studbook. Name: Institution: Email Address:
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Appendix B HISTORIC STUDBOOK REPORT SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard 149.120.50 (319) Studbook Birth Date Sire ID
Dam
Sex
Event
Location
Local ID
Date
2
1/5/1888 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PHILADELP
NHXX
9/9/1895
6
1/5/1909 WILD WILD Female
Death
LONDON RP
NHXX
2/13/1917
12
1/5/1888 WILD WILD Female
Death
NZP-WASH
NCYX 12/28/1905
21
1/5/1898 WILD WILD Female
Death
PHILADELP
NHXX
11/1/1901
22
1/5/1898 WILD WILD Female
Death
PHILADELP
NHXX
2/24/1905
27
1/5/1900 WILD WILD
Male
Go LTF ELLSWORTH
______
2/28/1902
28
1/5/1900 WILD WILD
Male
33
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
12/9/1904
1/5/1901 WILD WILD Female
Death
NZP-WASH
NCYX
3/10/1905
34
1/5/1900 WILD WILD
Male
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
1/26/1916
35
1/5/1900 WILD WILD
Male
Go LTF
PRIVATE
______
4/29/1906
36
1/5/1900 WILD WILD Unknown Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
5/31/1906
46
1/5/1903 WILD WILD
Death
NZP-WASH
NBYX
3/30/1926
57
1/1/1905 WILD WILD Female
Death
PHILADELP
FIHX
4/19/1915
58
1/1/1905 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PHILADELP
FIGX
10/14/1916
59
1/1/1905 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PHILADELP
NIHX
2/1/1910
69
1/5/1914 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PHILADELP
FIGX
1/22/1928
70
1/5/1914 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PHILADELP
FIDX
10/8/1918
73
1/5/1920 WILD WILD Unknown Death
DALLAS
NHXX
11/1/1927
74
1/5/1920 WILD WILD Unknown Death
DALLAS
NHXX
1/1/1925
75
1/5/1915 WILD WILD Female
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
12/6/1928
76
1/5/1915 WILD WILD
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
1/3/1920
Male
Male
House Name
16
82
7/9/1966
Female
Death
WROCLAW
NHN
86
1/5/1923 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
12/3/1924 VENITIA
96
1/5/1927 WILD WILD Female
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX
2/3/1937
104
1/5/1933 WILD WILD
Go LTF
UNKNOWN
______
1/1/1942
105
1/5/1934 WILD WILD Female
Go LTF
UNKNOWN
______
1/1/1942
106
1/5/1939 WILD WILD
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
7/28/1946
107
1/5/1939 WILD WILD
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
6/5/1951
108
1/5/1939 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
1/25/1953
109
1/5/1938 WILD WILD
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX 10/30/1942
110
1/5/1938 WILD WILD Female
Death
NY BRONX
NHXX 11/19/1945
120
1/5/1940 WILD WILD
Death
NZP-WASH
NCYX
UNK UNK
Male
Male Male
5/30/1984
8/18/1951
123
11/29/1941 109
110
Unknown Death
NY BRONX
NHXX 11/30/1941
124
11/29/1941 109
110
Unknown Death
NY BRONX
NHXX 11/30/1941
Go LTF
TOMIOKA
______
4/1/1979 8/16/1976
134
1/5/1951 WILD WILD Female
135
1/5/1951 WILD WILD
Male
Death
RIO GRAND
AAXB
140
1/1/1952 WILD WILD
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
AHN
141
1/5/1951 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
1/21/1961 WINKEN
142
1/5/1951 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
6/29/1962 BABS
152
1/5/1954
Female
Death
OMAHA
NBGN
5/10/1973 A01 (?)
154
1/5/1954 WILD WILD Female
Death
TOPEKA
KHXX
7/5/1973
155
1/5/1954 WILD WILD
Male
Death
CHICAGOLP
NHXX
5/18/1968
165
12/7/1957
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
CHN
12/7/1957
170
1/5/1958 WILD WILD Female
Go LTF
TOTE EMIN
______
2/29/1972
171
1/5/1958 WILD WILD
Male
Death
TOPEKA
NHXX
6/2/1973
174
12/6/1958
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
11/8/1962
178
1/5/1959 WILD WILD
Male
Death
SEATTLE
NHN
1/1/1975 GINO
179
1/5/1958 WILD WILD Female
Death
CLEVELAND
AAAR
4/11/1988 BETTY
180
1/1/1960
Female
Go LTF
BRAINERD
______
6/1/1978
Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
CHN
12/19/1959
Female
Death
MILWAUKEE
AHHN
7/4/1980
Male
Death
OKLAHOMA
NHAR
9/21/1967 CLYDE
Go LTF
TOMIOKA
______
1/1/1979 BONNIE
FHN
183
UNK UNK
140
140
142
142
UNK UNK
12/18/1959 140
141
10/21/1959 NOD
188
1/5/1960
189
1/5/1959 WILD WILD
190
1/5/1959 WILD WILD Female
195
1/5/1961
UNK UNK
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
196
1/5/1961
UNK UNK
Female
Death
LITTLEROC
AAGR 10/31/1980
201
1/5/1962 WILD WILD
Male
Death
BROWNSVIL
NHXX
UNK UNK
11/1/1976 5/19/1972
17
206
1/5/1963 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
9/15/1964
211
1/5/1964 WILD WILD
Male
Death
ABILENE
NHXX
7/1/1977
212
1/5/1963
UNK UNK
Male
Death
AUDUBON
NHXX
8/30/1976 POCCO
213
1/5/1964
UNK UNK
Female
Death
AUDUBON
NHXX
7/22/1976 MAMA
215
11/1/1964 WILD WILD
Male
Death
AMSTERDAM
NHXX
6/10/1993 AR-1
216
11/1/1964 WILD WILD Female
Death
AMSTERDAM
NHXX
3/15/1991 AR-2
218
1/5/1964 WILD WILD Female
Death
ABILENE
FBGR
5/1/1977
219
1/5/1965 WILD WILD
Death
LOSANGELE
NAAR 11/19/1976 HENRY
220
1/5/1965 WILD WILD Female
Death
SAN FRAN
NAKN 12/14/1979 BALOO
221
1/5/1965 WILD WILD
Male
Death
SEATTLE
NAAR
8/16/1977
222
1/5/1965
Female
Death
OMAHA
NBN
9/11/1970
225
UNK UNK
12/25/1965 171
235
1/1/1967
236
1/5/1967
237
170
Male
Unknown Death
NZP-WASH
NAYX 12/27/1965
Male
Death
BALTIMORE
NHXX
5/13/1980 HOPPY
Female
Death
MINNESOTA
NHYX
6/13/1978
1/5/1967 WILD WILD
Male
Death
BROWNSVIL
AHXX
6/21/1995 RAMA
238
10/5/1967 UNK UNK
Female
Go LTF
TOMIOKA
______
1/1/1979 BIG GIRL
239
10/5/1967 UNK UNK
Male
Death
CHICAGOBR
FAAR
8/29/1977
240
10/5/1967 UNK UNK
Female
Death
CHICAGOBR
FEGR
12/21/1992 LITTLE GIRL
241
1/5/1967 WILD UNK
Female
Death
LITTLEROC
EAXX
5/8/2003 NATASHA
242
1/5/1967
171
170
UNK UNK
211
218
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
FADL
2/26/1986 IVAN
245
11/23/1967 189
190
Male
Death
OKLAHOMA
NAFR
5/17/1978
246
11/23/1967 189
190
Female
Death
OKLAHOMA
FBGR
2/26/1988 WHITE DOVE 8/17/1973
RUNNING BEAR
249
1/5/1968
UNK UNK
Male
Death
DETROIT
NHGR
250
1/5/1968
UNK UNK
Female
Death
DETROIT
AHXX 10/28/1974
251
1/5/1968 WILD WILD
Male
Death
MANHATTAN
ACGR
2/10/1986 TUFFY
252
1/5/1968 WILD WILD Female
Death
MANHATTAN
ACGR
5/31/1988 IFFY
253
1/5/1968 WILD WILD Female
Death
CINCINNAT
ABGR
8/31/1987 HAG
254
1/5/1968
UNK UNK
Male
Death
HOGLE
255
1/5/1968
UNK UNK
Male
Death
SAN FRAN
NAAR 12/30/1980
256
1/5/1968
UNK UNK
Female
Death
SAN FRAN
NCAX
2/19/1976
Male
Death
NZP-WASH
NCYX
6/21/1978
259
12/20/1968 171
170
NHXX 11/16/1981 JACKSON
264
1/5/1969
UNK UNK
Male
Death
CINCINNAT
NHXX
2/1/1995 RUDY
265
1/5/1969
UNK UNK
Female
Death
CINCINNAT
FEGR
5/31/1978
Female
Death
PORTLAND
FEGX 12/10/1980 STELLA
269
12/14/1969 178
179
18
274
1/5/1970 WILD WILD Female
275
1/5/1970
UNK UNK
276
1/5/1970
UNK UNK
277
1/5/1970 WILD WILD Female
Death
NZP-WASH
278
1/5/1970 WILD WILD Female
Death
BROWNSVIL
NHXX
283
1/5/1971
UNK UNK
Male
Death
CLEVELAND
AAXN 11/20/1984
284
1/5/1971 WILD WILD
Male
Death
PORTLAND
NHXX
7/16/1986 TUBESNOOT
285
1/5/1971
Female
Death
MINOT
KCXX
4/1/1976
286
1/15/1971
171
170
Unknown Death
NZP-WASH
NAYX
1/26/1971
290
12/30/1971 171
170
Unknown Death
NZP-WASH
NHXX
1/3/1972
______
9/18/1983
UNK UNK
BROWNSVIL
FAFB
6/27/1981 SATI
Male
Go LTF SOUTHWICK
______
1/8/1972
Female
Go LTF SOUTHWICK
______
1/8/1972
Death
294
1/5/1972
UNK UNK
Female
Go LTF
FERNDALE
295
1/5/1972
UNK UNK
Male
Death
CHICAGOBR
296
1/5/1972
UNK UNK
Male
Go LTF
TOMIOKA
297
1/5/1972
UNK UNK
Male
298
1/5/1972
UNK UNK
299
1/5/1972
300
1/5/1972
303
NAYX 12/26/1983 4/6/1992 SANI
FADK 11/16/1987 NEIL ______
4/1/1979
Go LTF NORTHLAND
______
1/1/1986
Female
Go LTF
FERNDALE
______
9/18/1983
UNK UNK
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
FAFR
12/15/1979 CANDY
UNK UNK
Male
Death
CLEVELAND
FAII
3/26/1980 DANDY
11/5/1972 UNK UNK
Female
Death
PORTLAND
NHGX
4/9/1984 BONNIE
304
11/5/1972 UNK UNK
Male
Death
SACRAMNTO
FCGX
8/2/1979 CLYDE
305
12/30/1976 304
303
Unknown Death
SACRAMNTO
NHXX
1/2/1977
306
11/27/1972 212
213
Male
Death
AUDUBON
NHXX 11/27/1972
307
11/29/1973 245
246
Female
Death
OKLAHOMA
NAGK 11/30/1973
308
12/23/1978 304
303
Unknown Death
SACRAMNTO
NHXX
309
12/5/1977
Death
BROWNSVIL
NHXX 12/17/1977
310
11/22/1982 237
278
Unknown Death
BROWNSVIL
CHXX 11/22/1982
312
12/2/1973
213
Male
Go LTF
FERNDALE
316
12/20/1973 239
UNK
Female
Death
CHICAGOBR
NHN
12/20/1973
317
12/20/1973 239
UNK
Male
Death
CHICAGOBR
NHN
12/20/1973
237 212
UNK
Male
1/1/1979
______ 10/26/1977 HERBIE
318
1/5/1973 WILD WILD Female
Go LTF YOSHIKAWA
______
7/10/1986
319
1/5/1974 WILD WILD
Go LTF YOSHIKAWA
______
7/10/1986
CHICAGOBR
CHN
12/19/1974
320
12/19/1974 239
240
324
12/23/1974 259
277
Male
Unknown Death Female
Death
OKLAHOMA
FHGR
1/27/1993
Male
Death
CLEVELAND
NHXX
8/8/1989
Male
Death
CHICAGOBR
AHXX
6/3/2004 BRUCE
Death
LOSANGELE
CCXX
6/17/1987 STUMPY
329
1/5/1976
331
1/5/1975
332
1/5/1975 WILD WILD Female
UNK UNK 219
220
19
335
12/18/1975 219
220
336
12/18/1975 219
220
337
Unknown Death
LOSANGELE
NHXX 12/29/1975
Female
Death
LOSANGELE
AHXX 11/25/1999 HENRIETTA
12/19/1975 UNK UNK
Male
Death
MINNESOTA
ACGR
2/25/1983
338
12/19/1975 UNK UNK
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
KCDK
4/15/1980
348
12/6/1976
235
253
Male
Death
BALTIMORE
MAKK 12/6/1976
349
12/6/1976
235
253
Female
Death
BALTIMORE
MAKK 12/6/1976
350
12/6/1976
245
246
Male
Death
OKLAHOMA
CAAK
12/6/1976
351
12/6/1976
284
269
Male
Death
PORTLAND
CBAK
12/6/1976
353
12/21/1976 211
218
Male
Go LTF
BRYAN
358
1/10/1977
215
216
Male
Death
CHICAGOBR
DCCK
8/6/1992 COLUMBO
360
3/25/1977
195
196
Unknown Death
LITTLEROC
CHAK
3/25/1977
361
3/25/1977
195
196
Unknown Death
LITTLEROC
CAAK
3/25/1977
362
11/30/1977 264
265
Unknown Death
CINCINNAT
CHN
11/30/1977
365
12/18/1977 304
303
Unknown Death
SACRAMNTO
IHN
12/18/1977
366
12/18/1977 304
303
Male
Death
OKLAHOMA
AHXX
6/17/1997
367
12/25/1977 237
236
Male
Death
MINNESOTA
CHAK 12/25/1977
368
12/25/1977 237
236
Unknown Death
MINNESOTA
CHAK 12/25/1977
369
12/26/1977 284
269
Unknown Death
PORTLAND
NHXX 12/26/1977
370
12/26/1977 284
269
Unknown Death
PORTLAND
NHXX 12/26/1977
380
1/10/1978 WILD WILD Female
Death
JACKSON
NEGR
9/28/1996 KIRI
381
1/5/1978 WILD WILD Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX
6/1/1994 KALU
CAAK 11/25/1978
______ 10/11/1977
382
11/25/1978 300
299
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
384
12/2/1978
237
278
Female
Death
LOWRY
EHXX 11/25/2011 PANJI
385
12/2/1978
237
278
Male
Go LTF
BRACKETT
______ 12/22/1988 RAJAH
387
12/12/1978 235
253
Male
Go LTF
FERNDALE
______
9/18/1983
388
12/19/1978 284
269
Male
Death
PHILADELP
AIGX
7/31/1990
389
12/19/1978 284
269
Female
Death
CHICAGOBR
AHXX
6/25/2001 SNURPH
390
12/19/1978 284
269
Female
Death
PHILADELP
AIGR
1/22/1991 SNIFFLES
Unknown Death
SAN FRAN
CHXX
1/5/1979
396
255
220
400
11/23/1979 300
299
Male
Death
CLEVELAND
401
12/12/1979 235
253
Male
Death
BALTIMORE
402
12/13/1979 304
303
Male
Death
LOSANGELE
AHGR 10/16/1993 RUFF
403
12/13/1979 304
303
Female
Death
SACRAMNTO
FHGR
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
AHGR 11/26/1993 KUDU
405
1/5/1979
BHALU/ MCNASTY
1/5/1980 WILD WILD
CADK 11/23/1979 AAN
11/17/1989 2/15/1992 READY
20
410
12/8/1980
319
318
JACKSONVL
CBN
415
11/28/1981 319
318
Female
Death
JACKSON
KADK
9/6/1995 TAMIL
416
12/3/1981
337
324
Female
Death
CINCINNAT
NHXX
5/5/1995 MARAH
417
12/4/1981
337
324
Male
Death
MINNESOTA
AAFR
1/22/1992
418
12/10/1981 358
277
Male
Death
NZP-WASH
NCAX
11/4/2009 MERLIN
419
12/10/1981 358
277
Unknown Death
NZP-WASH
IAYX
12/10/1981
420
12/18/1981 242
241
Male
Death
JACKSON
AHN
7/12/2006 MISHA
421
12/21/1981 242
241
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
IAN
12/21/1981
426
1/10/1982
284
303
Male
Go LTF
SAPPORO
______
427
1/10/1982
284
303
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
AHAR 10/27/1994 TAJ
429
9/29/1982
337
324
Male
Death
MINNESOTA
MAXX 10/1/1982
430
9/29/1982
337
324
Female
Death
MINNESOTA
MAXX 10/1/1982
432
12/8/1982
319
318
Female
Death
TOLEDO
HEHP
12/4/2000 MEDUSA
433
12/16/1982 242
241
BRACKETT
AHXX
1/1/1985
434
12/16/1982 242
241
Female
Death
LITTLEROC
AAHX
6/10/2004 GNATALIE
435
12/20/1982 264
253
Female
Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX
1/23/1996 SRI
436
12/20/1982 264
253
Male
Death
CINCINNAT
HHXX 12/22/1983
437
12/26/1982 251
252
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
KADB 12/10/2000 NICHOLAS
Death
NZP-WASH
ACGP
6/16/1995 PUDDIN
Unknown Death
SANDIEGOZ
IHAA
1/22/1983 1/26/1987 HOOVER
Unknown Death
Unknown Death
12/16/1980
11/4/1986 RAJ
442
1/5/1983 WILD WILD Female
443
1/22/1983
405
380
446
1/4/1984
242
241
Female
Death
ST LOUIS
FADB
447
1/4/1984
242
241
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
IAN
1/4/1984
448
1/4/1984
405
380
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
IHXX
1/4/1984
450
1/5/1984
251
252
Male
Death
DETROIT
AHCN
4/8/2003 BOOMER
456
12/4/1984
366
246
OKLAHOMA
CAAK
12/4/1984
457
12/5/1984
319
318
Male
Go LTF YOSHIKAWA
______
6/1/1986
458
12/14/1984 264
253
Male
Go LTF
CHISHOLM
______
4/15/1986
459
12/14/1984 264
253
Female
Go LTF
CHISHOLM
______
4/15/1986
460
12/31/1984 251
252
Male
Death
MANHATTAN
AAXX
1/3/2011 JACK
Go LTF YOSHIKAWA
______
2/2/1986 EUREKA
Unknown Death
465
1/8/1985
242
241
Female
466
1/8/1985
405
380
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
AAXX
9/3/2012 DEVA
467
3/1/1985 WILD UNK
Male
Transfer
LOWRY
100144
11/9/1988 BUD
468
3/1/1985 WILD UNK
Female
Death
SMOKY MO
NHN
470
12/4/1985
366
246
Female
Go LTF
FERNDALE
471
12/4/1985
366
246
Male
Death
OKLAHOMA
2/1/2007 PEANUT
______ 12/25/1986 CHAK
12/4/1985
21
472
12/12/1985 405
381
Female
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NCGL 12/12/1985
473
12/24/1985 385
416
Male
Death
KANSASCTY
NAXX 12/24/1985
474
12/24/1985 385
416
Unknown Death
KANSASCTY
NAXX 12/24/1985
484
5/31/1986
417
389
Unknown Go LTF
FERNDALE
______
5/7/1987
485
5/31/1986
417
389
Unknown Death
MINNESOTA
NHN
6/8/1986
486
11/29/1986 437
434
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
FAAA 11/29/1986
487
11/29/1986 437
434
Male
Go LTF
BRACKETT
______
8/14/1987 IVAN
488
12/3/1986
427
446
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NAXA
12/3/1986
489
12/3/1986
427
446
Unknown Death
ST LOUIS
NAN
12/3/1986
490
12/21/1986 385
416
KANSASCTY
IAAA
12/21/1986
491
12/27/1986 405
381
LITTLEROC
7158
11/21/2011 JAFFNA
496
1/14/1987
329
432
Male
Death
CLEVELAND
IAN
1/15/1987
497
1/14/1987
329
432
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
NADK
1/15/1987
498
1/19/1987
405
380
Female Transfer
SMOKY MO
100083
2/4/1992 KITRON
500
11/19/1987 366
246
Unknown Death
OKLAHOMA
NEGX 11/19/1987
501
11/19/1987 366
246
Unknown Death
OKLAHOMA
NEGX 11/19/1987
502
12/3/1987
437
434
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
IAN
12/3/1987
503
12/3/1987
437
434
Male
Go LTF
BRACKETT
______
1/31/1989
504
12/6/1987
329
432
CLEVELAND
CAN
12/9/1987
505
12/10/1988 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NAAK 12/10/1988
506
12/10/1988 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NAAK 12/10/1988
512
12/14/1988 385
416
Male
Death
LEON
513
12/15/1988 385
416
Female Transfer
514
12/28/1988 405
380
Female
515
12/31/1988 405
381
Male
516
12/31/1988 405
381
Male
Male
Death
Female Transfer
Unknown Death
LEON
NHEX
3/16/2008 MICK
MAM08 2/12/1993 DAISY 6
ATTLEBORO
NHYX
4/26/1990
Transfer ATTLEBORO
901003
4/21/1990 GOOF
Death Death
METROZOO
KEIR
2/2/2002 KAYLO/NORI
521
1/5/1989
437
241
Female Transfer
METROZOO
M01188 11/29/1989 DUSTY
522
1/17/1989
329
432
Female
Death
CLEVELAND
AHAR
524
12/9/1989
437
434
Male
Death
SMOKY MO
NHN
1/1/2008 KNEMO
525
12/9/1989
437
434
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
IAN
12/9/1989
526
12/12/1989 427
435
Unknown Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX 12/12/1989
527
12/17/1989 366
324
Unknown Death
OKLAHOMA
NHXX 12/21/1989
528
12/19/1989 264
416
Male
Death
CINCINNAT
NHXX 12/19/1989
529
12/22/1989 402
336
Male
Death
LOSANGELE
CABK 12/22/1989
1/21/2000 FULL MOON
22
530
12/22/1989 402
336
Male
Death
PHILADELP
AEGR
1/2/2001 NICHOLAS
535
1/17/1990
418
442
Male
Death
NZP-WASH
NHYX
1/17/1990
539
12/9/1990
366
324
Female Transfer ATTLEBORO
961011
9/25/1996 AMY
540
12/9/1990
366
324
Female
Death
SEATTLE
NHXX 12/29/2010 MEDINA
541
12/11/1990 427
435
Female
Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX 12/11/1990
542
12/12/1990 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX 12/12/1990
547
1/21/1991
418
442
Male
Transfer
NZP-WASH
550
12/18/1991 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX 12/18/1991
551
12/18/1991 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
NHXX 12/18/1991
552
12/21/1991 405
381
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX 12/30/1991 NIKI
553
12/21/1991 405
381
Male
Death
SANDIEGOZ
NHXX 12/28/1991 RUDI
556
11/26/1992 512
513
Unknown Death
GUADALJR
CHN
11/26/1992 1/12/1992
110051
3/17/2010 FRANCOIS
558
1/1/1992
437
241
Female
Death
LITTLEROC
NEN
559
1/1/1992
437
241
Male
Death
LITTLEROC
NHXX
2/21/2008 NORTON
560
12/16/1992 467
491
Female
Death
SMOKY MO
CHXK
2/20/1994 DONDRA
562
12/19/1992 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
CHN
12/19/1992
563
12/19/1992 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
CHN
12/19/1992
565
1/10/1993
418
442
Female Transfer MANHATTAN 200305
566
1/10/1993
418
442
Female
Death
CINCINNAT
AHAR
568
12/21/1993 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
CHN
12/21/1993
569
12/21/1993 427
435
Male
Death
ST LOUIS
CHN
12/21/1993
570
3/23/1993
516
521
Unknown Death
METROZOO
IHN
3/23/1993
572
12/11/1994 437
241
Unknown Death
LITTLEROC
IHYX
12/11/1994
573
12/11/1994 437
241
Female
Death
LITTLEROC
NHXX
1/23/2007 NOCONA
574
12/17/1994 467
491
Male
Death
SMOKY MO
NHN
7/1/2005 ALAVI
SMOKY MO
NHN
3/3/2001 KIKAI
5/6/2003 THELMA 3/21/1998 LOUISE
575
1/7/1995
524
468
Female
Death
576
1/7/1995
524
468
Female
Death MONTGOMRY NHXX
578
1/4/1996
524
468
Female Transfer
579
1/11/1996
450
432
581
1/11/1996
450
432
582
1/24/1996
515
466
Unknown Death
ATTLEBORO
IHXX
1/24/1996
583
1/24/1996
515
466
Unknown Death
ATTLEBORO
CHXX
1/25/1996
584
12/15/1996 516
521
Female Transfer
ST LOUIS
108104
6/22/2010 DAISY
515
466
Female Transfer
PHILADELP
103361
7/18/2002 "JESSE"
12/14/1997 516
521
Female
METROZOO
NHN
585 586
1/5/1997
Male
Death
Female Transfer
Death
4/1/2011 KIARA
AKRON
100686
4/22/2009 KEESHA
SEATTLE
AHFR
1/9/2013 RANDY
LOWRY
102262 11/11/2006 ANN or Anne
12/16/1997
23
587
12/31/1997 524
468
Female
Death
SMOKY MO
CHXX
1/4/1999 KELSEY
588
12/31/1997 524
498
Female
Death
SMOKY MO
NHXX
3/10/1998 KAYLEIGH
589
12/31/1997 524
498
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
000090 12/31/1997 KOBALT
Male
Death
LONDON RP
NCXX
10/6/2000 CEJLON
Go LTF
LONDON RP
A3551
6/1/2006 LANKA
Death
TOLEDO
AHFR
9/21/2012 HAN
NZP-WASH
113308
5/6/1998 HANA
590
1/5/1985 WILD WILD
591
1/5/1985 WILD WILD Female
592
12/19/1994 590
591
593
12/19/1994 590
591
594
12/9/1998
516
521
Male
595
12/26/1998 524
468
Female
596
12/26/1998 524
468
Male
Male
Female Transfer
Transfer TAUTPHAUS
11M010 4/12/2011 JAG
SMOKY MO
NHXX
1/5/1999 KEENA
Transfer SANDIEGOZ
598442
10/9/2008 KALEB
SMOKY MO
______
4/5/2003 KATHY
Death
597
1/7/1999
524
498
598
1/7/1999
524
498
Male
Transfer
SMOKY MO
______
4/5/2003 KOGER
599
1/5/1997
515
466
Female
Death
PHILADELP
NAXX
2/27/1997 KATMANDU
600
12/26/1997 515
539
Male
Death
ATTLEBORO
IAXA
12/26/1997
601
12/26/1997 515
539
Female
Death
ATTLEBORO
NAXX 12/27/1997
602
12/27/1998 515
539
Female Transfer
603
12/9/1998
516
521
Male
Transfer MONTGOMRY ______
7/6/2010 FULL
608
1/3/2000
524
468
Male
Transfer MANHATTAN 201205
5/25/2012 BHUTAN
609
1/3/2000
524
468
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
______
1/3/2000
610
1/18/2000
524
498
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
______
1/18/2000
611
1/18/2000
524
498
Male
Death
SMOKY MO
CHXK
1/18/2000
612
12/16/2000 UNK UNK
Male
Transfer
SMOKY MO
______ 12/18/2002 KRAMER
613
12/16/2000 UNK UNK
Female Transfer
SMOKY MO
______ 12/18/2002 KAY
614
1/10/2002
574
468
Female Transfer
TOLEDO
615
2/13/2002
592
466
Female Transfer CLEVELAND M30202
616
12/27/2002 579
602
617
1/7/2003
Female Transfer
Male
Death
Female Transfer
NZP-WASH
114274 11/27/2007 KHALI
2350
9/12/2007 KARA 2/4/2003 ASIA
SEATTLE
NHXX
2/7/2003
BOISE
210072
6/8/2010 PAJI
515
539
618
12/21/2003 547
573
Unknown Death
LITTLEROC
HAAX 12/22/2003
619
12/21/2003 547
573
Unknown Death
LITTLEROC
NAXX 12/23/2003
620
12/29/2004 460
565
Male
Transfer CLEVELAND M70608 6/30/2007 SAKAR
621
1/7/2003
515
539
622
1/3/2004
579
602
Male
Transfer GARDENCTY
108050 10/27/2008 PABU
623
1/3/2004
579
602
Male
Transfer GARDENCTY
108051 10/27/2008 NAMBA
625
2/1/2005
592
466
Male
Death
TOLEDO
NHXX
2/1/2005
626
1/20/2013
638
621
Unknown
Birth
CHICAGOBR
4471
1/20/2013
Female Transfer CHICAGOBR
1777
10/13/2004 HANI
24
627
1/20/2013
638
621
Unknown
Birth
CHICAGOBR
628
12/19/2012 547
593
Male
Birth
NZP-WASH
630
12/27/2004 547
573
Male
Birth
LITTLEROC
631
12/27/2004 547
573
632
12/27/2004 418
593
633
12/27/2004 418
593
634
1/9/2006
Female Transfer Male
SEATTLE
4472
1/20/2013
114877 12/19/2012 6406
12/27/2004 THOR
203958 10/25/2011 TASHA NAAX 12/31/2004
Death
NZP-WASH
Unknown Death
NZP-WASH
NHN 100687
12/30/2004 4/29/2009 BALAWAT
418
593
Male
Transfer
AKRON
635
12/18/2005 420
581
Male
Death
JACKSON
636
12/20/2006 547
573
Male
Transfer FORTWORTH
206751
4/15/2011 JACK
637
12/20/2006 547
573
Male
Transfer FORTWORTH
206752
4/15/2011 JOHNNY
638
1/10/2009
460
565
Male
Transfer CHICAGOBR
3737
4/13/2011 KARTIK
639
1/10/2009
460
565
Female Transfer TAUTPHAUS
11M011 4/13/2011 PRIYA
640
12/15/2011 594
639
Female
Death
TAUTPHAUS
CHXX 12/17/2011
641
12/15/2011 594
639
Male
Death
TAUTPHAUS
NHXX 12/16/2011
642
1/21/2012
592
614
Unknown Death
TOLEDO
NHXX
643
12/18/2012 579
631
Unknown
Birth
SEATTLE
204495 12/18/2012
644
12/18/2012 579
631
Unknown
Birth
SEATTLE
204499 12/18/2012
645
11/29/2012 594
639
Male
Birth
TAUTPHAUS
12M017 11/29/2012
646
11/29/2012 594
639
Female
Birth
TAUTPHAUS
12M018 11/29/2012
647
1/18/2013
592
614
Unknown Death
TOLEDO
NHXX
1/20/2013
648
1/18/2013
592
614
Unknown Death
TOLEDO
NHXX
1/20/2013
NAAX 12/18/2005
1/23/2012
TOTALS: 149.120.50 (319)
25
Appendix C LIVING STUDBOOK REPORT SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard 22.21.4 (47) At 21 Institutions Studbook Birth Date ID
Sire Dam
Sex
Event
Location
Local ID
Date
AKRON - Akron Zoological Park, Akron, OH, USA 578
1/4/1996
524
468
Female
Transfer AKRON
100686
4/22/2009
634
1/9/2006
418
593
Male
Transfer AKRON
100687
4/29/2009
Totals: 1.1.0 (2) ATTLEBORO - Capron Park Zoo, Attleboro, MA, USA 515
12/31/1988 405
381
Male
Transfer ATTLEBORO
901003
4/21/1990
539
12/9/1990 366
324
Female
Transfer ATTLEBORO
961011
9/25/1996
Female
Transfer BOISE
210072
6/8/2010
1777
10/13/2004
Totals: 1.1.0 (2) BOISE - Zoo Boise, Boise, ID, USA 617
1/7/2003
515
539
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) CHICAGOBR - Chicago Zoological Park, Brookfield, IL, USA 621
1/7/2003
515
539
Female
Transfer CHICAGOBR
626
1/20/2013 638
621
Unknown Birth
CHICAGOBR
4471
1/20/2013
627
1/20/2013 638
621
Unknown Birth
CHICAGOBR
4472
1/20/2013
638
1/10/2009 460
565
Male
Transfer CHICAGOBR
3737
4/13/2011
Totals: 1.1.2 (4) CLEVELAND - Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA 615
2/13/2002 592
466
Female
Transfer CLEVELAND
M30202
2/4/2003
620
12/29/2004 460
565
Male
Transfer CLEVELAND
M70608
6/30/2007
Totals: 1.1.0 (2)
26
FORTWORTH - Fort Worth Zoological Park, Ft Worth, TX, USA 636
12/20/2006 547
573
Male
Transfer FORTWORTH 206751
4/15/2011
637
12/20/2006 547
573
Male
Transfer FORTWORTH 206752
4/15/2011
Totals: 2.0.0 (2) GARDENCTY - Lee Richardson Zoo, Garden City, KS, USA 622
1/3/2004
579
602
Male
Transfer GARDENCTY 108050
10/27/2008
623
1/3/2004
579
602
Male
Transfer GARDENCTY 108051
10/27/2008
Totals: 2.0.0 (2) LEON - Parque Zoologico de Leon, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico 513
12/15/1988 385
416
Female
Transfer LEON
MAM086 2/12/1993
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) LITTLEROC - Little Rock Zoological Gardens, Little Rock, AR, USA 491
12/27/1986 405
381
Female
Transfer LITTLEROC
7158
11/21/2011
630
12/27/2004 547
573
Male
Birth
6406
12/27/2004
Transfer LOWRY
100144
11/9/1988
Transfer LOWRY
102262
11/11/2006
LITTLEROC
Totals: 1.1.0 (2) LOWRY - Tampa's Lowry Park Zoo, Tampa, FL, USA 467
3/1/1985
WILD UNK Male
581
1/11/1996 450
432
Female
Totals: 1.1.0 (2) MANHATTAN - Sunset Zoo, Manhattan, KS, USA 565
1/10/1993 418
442
Female
Transfer MANHATTAN 200305
5/6/2003
608
1/3/2000
468
Male
Transfer MANHATTAN 201205
5/25/2012
524
Totals: 1.1.0 (2) METROZOO - Miami Metrozoo, Miami, FL, USA 521
1/5/1989
437
241
Female
Transfer METROZOO
M01188
11/29/1989
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) MONTGOMRY - Montgomery Zoo, Montgomery, AL, USA 603
12/9/1998 516
521
Male
Transfer MONTGOMRY ______
7/6/2010
Totals: 1.0.0 (1) NZP-WASH - Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA 547
1/21/1991 418
442
Male
Transfer NZP-WASH
110051
3/17/2010
593
12/19/1994 590
591
Female
Transfer NZP-WASH
113308
5/6/1998
602
12/27/1998 515
539
Female
Transfer NZP-WASH
114274
11/27/2007
628
12/19/2012 547
593
Male
Birth
114877
12/19/2012
NZP-WASH
Totals: 2.2.0 (4)
27
PHILADELP - The Philadelphia Zoo, Philadelphia, PA, USA 585
1/5/1997
515
466
Female
Transfer PHILADELP
103361
7/18/2002
598442
10/9/2008
203958
10/25/2011
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) SANDIEGOZ - Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA 596
12/26/1998 524
468
Male
Transfer SANDIEGOZ
Totals: 1.0.0 (1) SEATTLE - Woodland Park Zoological Gardens, Seattle, WA, USA 631
12/27/2004 547
573
Female
Transfer SEATTLE
643
12/18/2012 579
631
Unknown Birth
SEATTLE
204495
12/18/2012
644
12/18/2012 579
631
Unknown Birth
SEATTLE
204499
12/18/2012
Totals: 0.1.2 (3) SMOKY MO - Smoky Mountain Zoological Park, Pigeon Forge, TN, USA 498
1/19/1987 405
380
Female
Transfer SMOKY MO
100083
2/4/1992
589
12/31/1997 524
498
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
000090
12/31/1997
597
1/7/1999
524
498
Female
Transfer SMOKY MO
______
4/5/2003
598
1/7/1999
524
498
Male
Transfer SMOKY MO
______
4/5/2003
609
1/3/2000
524
468
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
______
1/3/2000
610
1/18/2000 524
498
Male
Birth
SMOKY MO
______
1/18/2000
612
12/16/2000 UNK UNK Male
Transfer SMOKY MO
______
12/18/2002
613
12/16/2000 UNK UNK Female
Transfer SMOKY MO
______
12/18/2002
108104
6/22/2010
Totals: 5.3.0 (8) ST LOUIS - Saint Louis Zoological Park, St. Louis, MO, USA 584
12/15/1996 516
521
Female
Transfer ST LOUIS
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) TAUTPHAUS - Tautphaus Park Zoo, Idaho Falls, ID, USA 594
12/9/1998 516
521
Male
Transfer TAUTPHAUS
11M010
4/12/2011
639
1/10/2009 460
565
Female
Transfer TAUTPHAUS
11M011
4/13/2011
645
11/29/2012 594
639
Male
Birth
TAUTPHAUS
12M017
11/29/2012
646
11/29/2012 594
639
Female
Birth
TAUTPHAUS
12M018
11/29/2012
2350
9/12/2007
Totals: 2.2.0 (4) TOLEDO - Toledo Zoological Gardens, Toledo, OH, USA 614
1/10/2002 574
468
Female
Transfer TOLEDO
Totals: 0.1.0 (1) TOTALS: 22.21.4 (47)
28
Appendix D CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL HOLDINGS SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard
AZA INSTITUTIONS Institution Male Female Unknown Other Total AKRON
1
1
0
0
2
ATTLEBORO
1
1
0
0
2
BOISE
0
1
0
0
1
CHICAGOBR
1
1
2
0
4
CLEVELAND
1
1
0
0
2
FORTWORTH 2
0
0
0
2
GARDENCTY 2
0
0
0
2
LITTLEROC
1
1
0
0
2
LOWRY
1
1
0
0
2
MANHATTAN 1
1
0
0
2
METROZOO
0
1
0
0
1
MONTGOMRY 1
0
0
0
1
NZP-WASH
2
2
0
0
4
PHILADELP
0
1
0
0
1
SANDIEGOZ
1
0
0
0
1
SEATTLE
0
1
2
0
3
ST LOUIS
0
1
0
0
1
TAUTPHAUS
2
2
0
0
4
TOLEDO
0
1
0
0
1
TOTALS
17
17
4
0
38
29
NON-AZA INSTITUTIONS Institution Male Female Unknown Other Total LEON
0
1
0
0
1
SMOKY MO 5
3
0
0
8
TOTALS
4
0
0
9
5
30
Appendix E BIRTHS STUDBOOK REPORT SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo
Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard 3.2.7 (12) At 5 Institutions Studbook Birth Date Sire Dam ID
Sex
Event
Local ID
Location
Date
House Name
CHICAGOBR - Chicago Zoological Park, Brookfield, IL, USA 626
1/20/2013 638 621 Unknown Birth CHICAGOBR 4471
1/20/2013
627
1/20/2013 638 621 Unknown Birth CHICAGOBR 4472
1/20/2013
Totals: 0.0.2 (2) NZP-WASH - Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA 628
12/19/2012 547 593 Male
Birth NZP-WASH
114877 12/19/2012
Totals: 1.0.0 (1) SEATTLE - Woodland Park Zoological Gardens, Seattle, WA, USA 643
12/18/2012 579 631 Unknown Birth SEATTLE
204495 12/18/2012
644
12/18/2012 579 631 Unknown Birth SEATTLE
204499 12/18/2012
Totals: 0.0.2 (2) TAUTPHAUS - Tautphaus Park Zoo, Idaho Falls, ID, USA 640
12/15/2011 594 639 Female
Death TAUTPHAUS CHXX 12/17/2011
641
12/15/2011 594 639 Male
Death TAUTPHAUS NHXX 12/16/2011
645
11/29/2012 594 639 Male
Birth TAUTPHAUS 12M017 11/29/2012
646
11/29/2012 594 639 Female
Birth TAUTPHAUS 12M018 11/29/2012
Totals: 2.2.0 (4) TOLEDO - Toledo Zoological Gardens, Toledo, OH, USA 642
1/21/2012 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/23/2012
647
1/18/2013 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/20/2013
648
1/18/2013 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/20/2013
Totals: 0.0.3 (3) TOTALS: 3.2.7 (12)
31
Appendix F TRANSFERS STUDBOOK REPORT SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo
Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard 7.5.0 (12) Studbook Birth Date Sire Dam ID
Sex
Event
Location
Local ID
Date
House Name
491
12/27/1986 405 381 Female Transfer LITTLEROC
7158
547
1/21/1991 418 442 Male
110051 3/17/2010 FRANCOIS
584
12/15/1996 516 521 Female Transfer ST LOUIS
108104 6/22/2010 DAISY
594
12/9/1998 516 521 Male
Transfer TAUTPHAUS
11M010 4/12/2011 JAG
603
12/9/1998 516 521 Male
Transfer MONTGOMRY ______ 7/6/2010
608
1/3/2000
524 468 Male
Transfer MANHATTAN 201205 5/25/2012 BHUTAN
617
1/7/2003
515 539 Female Transfer BOISE
631
12/27/2004 547 573 Female Transfer SEATTLE
636
12/20/2006 547 573 Male
Transfer FORTWORTH 206751 4/15/2011 JACK
637
12/20/2006 547 573 Male
Transfer FORTWORTH 206752 4/15/2011 JOHNNY
638
1/10/2009 460 565 Male
Transfer CHICAGOBR
639
1/10/2009 460 565 Female Transfer TAUTPHAUS
Transfer NZP-WASH
11/21/2011 JAFFNA
210072 6/8/2010
FULL PAJI
203958 10/25/2011 TASHA
3737
4/13/2011 KARTIK
11M011 4/13/2011 PRIYA
TOTALS: 7.5.0 (12)
32
Appendix G DEATHS STUDBOOK REPORT SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS North American Regional Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Studbook data current as of 2/10/2013 Compiled by Travis Vineyard
4.5.3 (12) Studbook Birth Date Sire Dam ID
Sex
Event
Location
Local ID
Date
House Name
384
12/2/1978 237 278 Female
Death LOWRY
460
12/31/1984 251 252 Male
Death MANHATTAN AAXX 1/3/2011
JACK
466
1/8/1985
Death CLEVELAND
AAXX 9/3/2012
DEVA
540
12/9/1990 366 324 Female
Death SEATTLE
NHXX 12/29/2010 MEDINA
576
1/7/1995
Death MONTGOMRY NHXX 4/1/2011
KIARA
579
1/11/1996 450 432 Male
Death SEATTLE
AHFR 1/9/2013
RANDY
592
12/19/1994 590 591 Male
Death TOLEDO
AHFR 9/21/2012 HAN
640
12/15/2011 594 639 Female
Death TAUTPHAUS
CHXX 12/17/2011
641
12/15/2011 594 639 Male
Death TAUTPHAUS
NHXX 12/16/2011
642
1/21/2012 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/23/2012
647
1/18/2013 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/20/2013
648
1/18/2013 592 614 Unknown Death TOLEDO
NHXX 1/20/2013
405 380 Female 524 468 Female
EHXX 11/25/2011 PANJI
TOTALS: 4.5.3 (12)
33