A Mission of Hope

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ÚàÚêÆ ²è²øºÈàôÂÆôÜ Ðñ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝ

ÖÇÝÇß»³Ý ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ Ò»éݳñÏÇ - ÈÇμ³Ý³Ý ÐÇÙݳ¹ñáõû³Ý 50³Ù»³ÏÇÝ ³éÇÃáí

ÊÙμ³·Çñ ì³ñ¹³Ý ³ß×»³Ý


“A MISSION OF HOPE” Published by Jinishian Memorial Program (JMP) - Lebanon On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of JMP Editor: Vartan Tashjian

Printed by: POMIGRAVURE Printing House

êáÛÝ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϿ ÝÇõûñª ÖÇÝÇß»³Ý ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ Ò»éݳñÏÇÝ å³ïÙáõû³Ý »õ ³ÛÅÙáõ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ« ûñÑÝáõû³Ý ·Çñ»ñ »õ áõÕ»ñÓÝ»ñª ³Ýáñ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñáõû³Ý 50³Ù»³ÏÇÝ ³éÇÃáí »õ íϳÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñª Ý»ñÏ³Û áõ ݳËÏÇÝ å³ßïûÝ»³Ý»ñáõ »õ ·áñͳÏÇóÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕÙ¿: Ðñ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ μݳõ Û³õ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ãáõÝÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ Ò»éݳñÏÇÝ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý ³ÙμáÕçáõÃÇõÝÁª å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ã¿ ³ÛÅÙ¿³Ï³Ý ³éáõÙÝ»ñáí: Ü»ñϳ۳óáõ³ÍÁ ³õ»ÉÇ áõñáõ³·ÇÍ ÙÁÝ ¿« ù³Ý ëå³éÇã áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ ѳëï³ïáõû³Ý ÙÁ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñáõÝ ³Ýó»³ÉÇ »õ Ý»ñϳÛÇ Í³é³ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ï'³éÝãáõÇÝ ï³ëÝ»³Ï ѳ½³ñ³õáñ Ù³ñ¹áó Ï»³ÝùÇÝ áõ ÷áñÓ³éáõû³Ý »õ μ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý: ²Ûëå¿ë, ÖÚÒ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ÝÇõÃ³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ëÇÝ ³Ûëï»Õ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ³Í ÃÇõ»ñÁ ¹ñáõ³·³ÛÇÝ »Ý »õ Ù¿çμ»ñáõ³Í »Ý å³ñ½³å¿ë áñå¿ë ûñÇݳÏÝ»ñ: ä³ïÙáõû³Ý í»ñ³μ»ñ»³É ÝÇõûñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ áñå¿ë ³ÕμÇõñ ͳé³Û³Í »Ý ä¿ÛñáõÃÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ïáõ Ù³ñÙÝÇÝ ³ï»Ý³·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ« ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÇÝ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ï»Õ»Ï³·ÇñÝ»ñÁ« Ò»éݳñÏÇÝ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñáõû³Ý 35³Ù»³ÏÇÝ ³éÇÃáí Ññ³ï³ñÏáõ³Í í»ñ© ¸áÏï© êÇÉídz ø³ëåÁñÏ ÎáõÇÝ-²ÙÙáÝëÇ Serving The Least Of These ·ÇñùÁ (2001« Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñ) »õ ¶³ñ³Ï¿û½»³Ý ÐÇÙݳñÏáõû³Ý ݳËÏÇÝ ïÝûñ¿Ý Üáõå³ñ ¸³õÇû³ÝÇ ³ÝïÇåª The Story Of Karagheusian Philanthropic Venture ³ß˳ïáõÃÇõÝÁ: γñ»õáñ Éñ³óáõÙÝ»ñ »õ ëñμ³·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ϳï³ñ³Í »Ý Ò»éݳñÏÇ Ý³ËÏÇÝ »õ Ý»ñÏ³Û ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ« Û³ïϳå¿ë ÖÚÒ ïÝûñ¿Ý ûñ¹© öûÉÇÝ ê³ÕÁñ»³Ý« ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ Í³é³ÛáÕÝ»ñ ïÇÏ© ²ÝÇ ²½Ý³õáõñ»³Ý »õ ûñ¹© سñû Âáݹ»³Ý« ÊáñÑñ¹³ïáõ Ù³ñÙÝÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ ûñ¹© ²ÝÇ äáõ×Ç·³Ý»³Ý »õ ïÇÏ© ¼áõ³ñà ܳ׳ñ»³Ý: ´áÉáñÇÝ ÏÁ Û³Ûïݻ٠Ëáñ³·áÛÝ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÇõÝ: ÊÙμ³·Çñ


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¶Æð úðÐÜàôº²Ü 2 ¶ðƶàð äºîðàê Æ. βÂàÔÆÎàê ä²îðƲðø ¶Æð ÞÜàðвôàðàôº²Ü ºô úðÐÜàôº²Ü ìºð. ØÎðîÆâ ¶²ð²Î¾ú¼º²Ü

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§ä²Ú̲è κ²ÜøÆ ØÀ Àܸ²è²æ¦ öûÉÇÝ ê³ÕÁñ»³Ý ÖÚÒ îÝûñ¿Ý - ÈÇμ³Ý³Ý

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“SUPPORTING MORE THAN FOUR GENERATIONS OF ARMENIANS” Eliza Minasyan - JMP Executive Director

²Øöàö îºÔºÎàôÂÆôÜܺð ÖÚÒ ¶àðÌàÔ Ìð²¶ÆðܺðàôÜ Ø²êÆÜ (2016)

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A LETTER FROM CHAIRPERSON JMP USAC Victoria Chopourian Gehrt Chairperson, USAC Jinishian Memorial Program

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ÖÆÜÆÞº²Ü ÚÆÞ²î²ÎÆ ÒºèܲðÎÀ

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IN THE SERVICE OF THE DISADVANTAGED Rev. Paul Haidostian Haigazian University, President

ì²ð¸²Ü ÖÆÜÆÞº²Ü

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¶Ü²Ð²îºÈÆ Ì²è²ÚàôÂÆôÜ êÇÉí³ ê³Õñ»³Ý - ²ü¾î-Ç ïÝûñ¿ÝáõÑÇ

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ÖÆÜÆÞº²Ü ÚÆÞ²î²ÎÆ ÒºèܲðÎÆÜ ÌÜàôܸÀ

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ÀÜκð²ÚÆÜ Ì²è²ÚàôÂÆôÜܺð

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ÀÜκð²ÚÆÜ-îÜîºê²Î²Ü ´²ð¶²ô²ÖàôØ

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вزÚÜø²ÚÆÜ ´²ð¶²ô²ÖØ²Ü Ìð²¶Æð

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´Ü²Î²ð²Ü²ÚÆÜ ÊܸÆð

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زÜβØêàôð

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êîÆäàÔ²Î²Ü ìÆÖ²Î

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¸ð²Ø²ÞÜàðÐܺð

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ÀÜκð²ÚÆÜ Ì²è²ÚàôÂÆôÜ ºô ²ðкêîÆò ÎðÂàôÂÆôÜ ÖÚÒ ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÇõÝ, ÊáñÑñ¹³ïáõ Ù³ñÙÇÝ, ²ÝÓݳϳ½Ù (2016)

¸ðàô²¶Üºð ÖÆÜÆÞº²Ü –È©ú©Ê²â ¶àð̲Îòàôº²Ü ä²îØàôºܾÜ

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MINISTERING IN EVERY WAY: MARAL ARZOUMANIAN’S STORY CARA TAYLOR

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“WE PUT OURSELVES IN HARMS WAY WITHOUT A SECOND THOUGHT” Anie Nersoyan Mikaelian

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к²ðÒ Ð²Úº²òøª ¶àÐàôܲÎàôº²Ü ²äðàôØàì ³ÉÇÝ È³ïáÛ»³Ý

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4

öûÉÇÝ ê³ÕÁñ»³Ý ÖÚÒ îÝûñ¿Ý - ÈÇμ³Ý³Ý

ÖÇÝÇß»³Ý ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ Ò»éݳñÏÇÝ

²é³ù»ÉáõÃÇõÝÁ γñÇù³õáñ ѳۻñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ ëï»ÕÍ»É å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñ« áñå¿ë½Ç ϳñ»Ý³Ý Û³Õóѳñ»É ãù³õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ Ûáõë³ÉùáõÙÁª ûųݹ³Ïáõû³Ý« μ³ñ·³õ³×áõÙÇ »õ Ñá·»õáñ í»ñ»ÉùÇ ßÝáñÑÇõ ѳëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ÇÝùݳμ³õ »õ Ûáõë³ÉÇó Ï»³ÝùÇ: Ú³ÝÓݳéáõ »Ýù ÙÇç-ѳٳÛÝù³ÛÇÝ ×Ç·»ñáí ³ß˳ï»Éáõª Ç ËݹÇñ ³Ûë ³é³ù»Éáõû³Ý Çñ³·áñÍáõÙÇÝ:


“SUPPORTING MORE THAN FOUR GENERATIONS OF ARMENIANS” Drawing on half a century of experience, the Jinishian Memorial Program (JMP) serves struggling Armenian communities through faith-based relief and development programs that have empowered and supported hundreds of thousands of people in despair to maintain a dignified life. The Jinishian Memorial Program addresses the needs of the whole person - social, economic, and spiritual. It is quite a unique ecumenical initiative, which unites Armenians of Apostolic, Catholic and Evangelical communities. Our United States and local boards are equally represented by all the communities served, with no discrimination - in Lebanon, Syria, and Armenia, as well as Istanbul, Jerusalem, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Georgia. The work in Lebanon began with large-scale programs such as day care centers, family grants, emergency relief, medical assistance, and elderly care. JMP has grown to include an affordable housing, community development, vocational training, and social empowerment programs as well. Over the years Lebanon faces increasing threats of destabilization and terror, while strained with refugees and a scarcity of housing and jobs. Increased border control has slowed the Syrian influx yet raised expenses for recent immigrants and refugees. For the last decade in Lebanon, we have assisted about 8,000 people annually, including Syrian-Armenians since 2011. Two-thirds of our work is community health development, including medication, preventative health, and critical hospitalization and care. Social services such as family grants and vocational programs grew over the years, reaching hundreds of families and the unemployed, including specialized outreach programs for at-risk teenage girls. Our team demonstrates incredible courage, compassion, and excellence which really prepare them to adapt to ever- changing needs with the right mix of relief and long-range development work. Thanks to the strong commitment of our board, team, partners and supporters, we have been able to grow our network and resources to continue the blessed vision and legacy of Vartan Jinishian, supporting more than four generations of Armenians to “move from poverty and despair to self-sufficiency and hope.”

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Eliza Minasyan JMP Executive Director


A LETTER FROM CHAIRPERSON JMP USAC Dear Friends and Partners of the Jinishian Memorial Program, It is with a great deal of pleasure and pride that on behalf of the JMP United States Advisory Committee, I acknowledge the great work of JMP Lebanon for the many Armenians who have been served over the past 50 years. The Jinishian Memorial Program enables Armenians in need to move from poverty and despair to self-sufficiency and hope – through relief, development and spiritual uplift. We all commit ourselves to working ecumenically in the fulfillment of this mission. I was most fortunate to have been at the celebration of the 35th anniversary of JMP that was held in Armenia in 2001. We have had the good fortune that the bequest of Vartan H. Jinishian has grown over the years and as a result, has been able to sustain the necessary and vital programs and services for Armenians in Lebanon for 50 years. There have been countless individuals who have benefited from JMP Lebanon over the past 50 years. Countless volunteers and staff persons who have been directly involved in carrying out the programs and projects. Dedicated individuals whose passion and commitment to the mission of JMP ensured that the basic social and relief needs of the Armenian people were met; that self-development programs were established to help provide for self-sufficiency; that community health development, social development and community development were identified as priorities for Lebanon. With Lebanon facing increasing threats of destabilization and terror, the work of JMP Lebanon becomes even more vital to the region. The partnerships and collaborative efforts that have been established with local, international and governmental organizations continue to help develop, fund and implement projects. There is no question that Vartan H. Jinishian is looking down at us with a smile and a nod that his vision for his bequest is being fulfilled by all of us who have been given the responsibility to fulfill his legacy. May Peace Be With You All.

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Victoria Chopourian Gehrt Chairperson, USAC Jinishian Memorial Program


²Ýó»³É¿Ý

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Istanbul

Yerevan

Kamishly Aleppo

Beirut

Damascus

Jerusalem

γñÙÇñ Ï¿ï»ñÁ ÏÁ Ýß»Ý ÖÚÒ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý í³Ûñ»ñÁ (2016)

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BEIRUT ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERS (BAC) - SERVING FROM 1969 TO 2016 Mr. Peter Braunschweig Dr. Puzant Krikorian Rev. Soghomon Nuyujukian Mr. Noubar Tavitian Mr. Judson. W. Allen Mr. Werner Hupfer Mr. Hans Baenziger (Field Director, ex officio) Rev. Willis A. McGill (Chairperson) Rev. Robert H. Meloy (interim fo Mr. Allen) Mr. Antoine Kehyayan Mr. Elie Karakehayan Bishop Karekin Sarkissian Mrs. Nina Jidejian Mr. Hans Schellenberg (Field director, ex officio) Rev. Richard Gibson Mr. Meguerditch Bouldoukian Mr. Haig Tilbian (Field Director, ex officio) Dr. Garbis Harboyan Dr. Hratch Kouyoumjian Miss Mannig Makinisian Mr. Hrair Mouradian Dr. Ropovt Chorbajian (Chairperson) Rev. Benjamin M. Weir (Chairperson) Mr. Ohaness Mouradian Dr. Walter Bandazian Fr. Nishan Kehyeyan Miss Anie Boudjikanian Miss Pauline Sagherian (Lebanon Director, ex officio) Mrs. Zevart Najarian (Chairperson) Mr. Raphael Oumoudian (Chairperson)

Mr. Vazken Chekijian Mr. Antoine Kaloust Mr. Shahe Kalousdian Dr. Vahe Karageuzian Me. Laura Merdakhanian-Kattan Mr. Kaspar Sagherian Mrs. Seta Pamboukian (Lebanon Director, ex officio) Mrs. Azadouhi Simonian-Kalaidjian Mrs. Arpy Khatchikian Mrs. Esther Haidostian Kilaghbian (Chairperson) Dr. Gostan Yapoudjian Miss Jackine Abounayan Mr. Andre Ahmaranian Mr. Joseph Ashjian Pastor Sebouh Terzian Dr. Boghos Artinian Me. Alex Karabajakian Mrs. Sossi Boladian Mr. Raffi Kokoghlanian Mr. Gilbert Kurkdji Dr. Minas Karaminassian Mr. Joseph Zoulikian Me. Maggie Libaridian Kouyoumjian Mrs. Aline Shitilian Deyirmenjian Mr. Rafi Habibian Mr. Alexandre Mouradian Mrs. Karineh Sahakian Cholakian Miss Talar Atechian Dr. Paulo Kazazian

18


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“IN THE SERVICE OF THE DISADVANTAGED”

ÚÇëáõÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ÈÇμ³Ý³ÝÇ »õ ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ØÇçÇÝ ²ñ»õ»ÉùÇ Ù¿ç ½Çñ³ñ ³ÙμáÕç³óÝáÕ á·Çáí ·áñͳÏó»ó³Ý §¶³ñ³Ï¿û½»³Ý¦ ѳëï³ïáõÃÇõÝÁ áñå¿ë Ù³ÝϳËݳ٠ϻ¹ñáÝ Çñ áõß³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï»¹ñáݳóáõó Ñ³Û Ù³ÝáõÏÇÝ áõ Çñ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ »õ ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý íÇ׳ÏÇÝ íñ³Û« ÙÇÝ㪠§ÖÇÝÇß»³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳñÏÁ ëï³ÝÓÝ»ó ã³÷³Ñ³ëÝ»ñáõ« ³Ýï¿ñÝ»ñáõ »õ Û³ïϳå¿ë ï³ñ¿óÝ»ñáõ ÁÝÏ»ñ³μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ËݹÇñÝ»ñáõ ïÝûñÇÝáõÙÁ£ ÚÇëáõÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ½áѳμ»ñáõû³Ý á·Çáí É»óáõ³Í ³Ûë ½áÛ· ѳëï³ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÙdzݳÉáí ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý μ³ñ»ëÇñ³Ï³Ý ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ùáÛñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÝáõÇñ»³É ÷³Õ³Ý·ÇÝ« ͳé³Û»óÇÝ ³ÝËïñ³Ï³Ý á·Çáí« Ñ³ë³Ý ϳñÇù³õáñÇÝ« ³ÝϳñÇÝ áõ ϳñûﻳÉÇÝ ó³õ»ñáõÝ »õ å¿ïù»ñáõÝ« ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáí ɳÛݳͳõ³É ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñáõ ÉÍáõ»ó³Ý »õ Çñ»Ýó ϳñ»ÉÇÝ ÁñÇÝ Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ Ù»ñ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç Íáí ϳñÇùÝ»ñáõÝ£ ÚÇëáõÝ ³Ù»³ÏÇ ³éÇÃáí ÏñÏÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ÏÁ ßÝáñѳõáñ»Ù §ÖÇÝÇß»³Ý ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ Ò»éݳñÏ¦Ç Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý »õ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙμ»ñáõ »õ ³ÝÓݳϳ½Ù»ñáõ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ« Ù³ÕûÉáí »ñϳñ³ï»õ ͳé³ÛáõÃÇõÝ Ù»ñ ³½·Ç ³Ý¹³ëï³ÝÇÝ Ù¿çª Ýáñ³Ýáñ ï»ëÇÉùÝ»ñáõ Çñ³·áñÍáõÙáí£

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Jinishian Memorial Program, I congratulate you on behalf of the Haigazian University faculty and staff and celebrate with you the fact that both our institutions are based on a Christian and humanitarian mission and have been providing training opportunities for social workers to find professional space for development and service. It is of particular pride that many Haigazian University graduates have been on the staff and in the leadership of the JMP in Lebanon and Syria, and I find it only natural to consider your anniversary a day of joy for our university as well. Indeed, the Middle Eastern communities, and the Armenian communities of the region, in particular, have witnessed ongoing turmoil and instability for so long. This has required much specialized intervention, and the JMP, with its dedicated vision and the community-building character, has operated as a faithful and far-reaching pillar. The JMP has excelled in its focused social, medical and spiritual intervention and has put all its resources in the service of the disadvantaged, and I salute you as you move forward with the same commitment beyond your Golden Anniversary. I wish your Program continued success, in Lebanon and elsewhere, with the hope of growing cooperation for the betterment of society and for a fruitful embodiment of a valuable mission called JMP.

ê»ñáμ úѳݻ³Ý îÝûñ¿Ý §Ð³áõÁñï ¶³ñ³Ï¿û½»³Ý¦ ѳëï³ïáõû³Ý

Rev. Paul Haidostian, Ph.D. Haigazian University President

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MINISTERING IN EVERY WAY:

MARAL ARZOUMANIAN’S STORY

Maral Arzoumanian Nurse and responsible of the Medication Dispensing Department (1990 – 2004)

BY CARA TAYLOR According to Vartan Jinishian’s original wishes for the memorial fund, he envisioned ministering to the needs of struggling Armenians in every way, not only physical and mental, but also spiritual. He sought the welfare and encouragement of Armenians,“placing great stress upon religious uplift.” Specifically, Jinishian requested “regular religious visits, Bible readings in the homes of the sick” and other ways of reinforcing Christian principles, particularly through “a staff of nurses and devoted persons of high character to visit the sick.”

chance to lead a few of my clients to Christ either in my office or when I visited them at their home.” Through her relationships with these families, Maral ministered to more than the immediate medical need. “I remember one family with a relative, a young girl battered by her mother,” she says. “Investigation revealed cigarette burns, hitting. Eventually we helped remove the child from that home to live with her aunt.” Another devastated family had a father with terminal cancer; the mother and a daughter lived with mental illness, while another healthy daughter, 6 years old, had not attended school.“We found a damp, dirty home,” Maral recalls. JMP helped with cancer treatment, painting and cleaning the home, arranging appropriate caregivers,placement of the ill daughter in an institution and with schooling for the younger girl.

Maral Arzoumanian, serving in Lebanon’s medical dispensary unit throughout the 1990s until 2004, is such a nurse. As she worked with individuals with chronic illness and consulted with their families, she often had the opportunity to encourage them to trust the Lord. “A main reason for choosing to work at JMP for me was the spiritual orientation and the freedom of sharing God's word and message with the people in the Armenian community. I am glad Mr. Jinishian included that in his Will,” Arzoumanian reflects.

“I am so grateful I was able to show God's love to this family and many others in Beirut,” Maral adds. “I pray God will bless JMP so it can continue to bless the Armenian community.”

JMP’s ecumenical mission, guided by Apostolic, Catholic and Evangelical advisory board members, is crucial in the Armenian community of Beirut: the mentally ill receive medication and financial assistance; the elderly find a listening ear and a helping hand; the nursery provides a safe and nurturing place for children allowing their mothers to work and help provide for their families; the hospitalization assistance program eases financial burdens on families with limited income; dispensary nurses fill prescriptions and give guidance for proper medical intervention. Over 50 years, JMP has made a tremendous impact on thousands of lives.

“I used to meet many sick and elderly clients, and many young and old caretakers, who used to come to pick up the medications on a monthly or bimonthly basis. During my visits, I gave medical instructions regarding the care of the sick and had the chance to listen to them as they told me about their grief and problems. I got to know more family members.” Maral also served the mentally ill: “I had the chance to show God's love for them even in their situation.Almost always I was able to speak about the message of the Bible. Most of the time people were eager to hear God's word, and I had the

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“WE PUT OURSELVES IN HARMS WAY WITHOUT A SECOND THOUGHT“ Growing up in a family where every member served the Armenian community in some form, whether by profession or through volunteering, it was very natural for me to choose social work as my major in college. I was blessed to be employed by JMP upon graduation, having served under the directors Mr. Baenzinger for a brief time, Mr. Schellenberg, and lastly Mr. Timblian. I say blessed because JMP was one of the very few charitable organizations at the time, who did not discriminate when it came to both its' hiring practices, and with those they served in the community. Armenians from all denominations and political beliefs were included. That philosophy inspired me and my colleagues to work harmoniously as one family unit with our mission to alleviate the pain and suffering of our extended family, the entire Armenian community of Beirut. Working at JMP, Mr. Shellenberg inspired and taught us social workers to be polyvalent. Aside from our core social work, we took action in many situations; from performing nursing duties for our bedridden clients, to transporting unconscious clients to the hospital, to taking appropriate action when finding a client deceased during a home visit. This required coordination and cooperation with other agencies in the city, including the police, medical personnel, and churches. During the civil war, we three social workers (myself, Maro Tontian, Ani Kroshian) were dubbed "Charlie's Angels" by Mr. Timblian. We put ourselves in harms way without a second thought when clients needed our help. The rewarding work and the outpouring of gratitude received from those we helped outweighed any fear we felt. One example that comes to mind is that of a separated mother and newborn child. The baby was left in the hospital needing further treatment after the mother was discharged. In the ensuing days the fighting worsened dramatically and one could not cross between West and East Beirut without the risk of death. The mother had been separated from her baby for three weeks by the time we were able to intervene, working with the hospital to bring the child as close to the border as possible and we quickly crossed over and back to reunite them. We did this because we firmly believed in JMP's mission, and felt the need to act on behalf

Anie Mikaelian (right) in November 1983, during the farewell party upon her departure from JMP and Lebanon with Mannig Makinisian (center) and Marie Guzelian (left).

of the community. We had this strong faith in JMP because of the administration that bestowed love and trust upon us, acting in and carrying out Vartan Jinishian's vision for the organization. JMP was the central, proactive organization coordinating activities with all local charities in Beirut. I had the opportunity to work with many in various capacities and learned to respect other people's points of view, and broaden my way of thinking as we worked out our differences to better serve the needy in our community. We also had international visitors representing organizations and churches abroad, which inspired me to help others beyond just those in our community. Most notably, through my work at JMP, I met Mother Theresa and had the opportunity to work with her and her sisters. It was a life changing experience, teaching me humility, selflessness and expanding my worldview beyond what I thought possible. The foundation of my professional and much of my personal philosophy and ethics was established at JMP. I regard my time there as the best in my career, despite continuing social work after leaving JMP. The level and quality of service to the needy, along with the gratification and fulfillment felt by us employees, has been unparalleled in my career to this day. Anie Nersoyan Mikaelian JMP social worker and Administrative assistant (1970 - 1983)

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к²ðÒ Ð²Úº²òøª ¶àÐàôܲÎàôº²Ü ²äðàôØàì

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ÖÆÜÆÞº²Ü ÚÆÞ²î²ÎÆ ÒºèܲðÎ

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JINISHIAN MEMORIAL PROGRAM (JMP) P.O.Box 80-348, Bourj Hammoud, Beirut-Lebanon Email: info@jinishian-lb.org Tel.: 961-1-261 008, 961-1-257 890 Fax: 961-1-268 020 www.jinishian-lb.org

ØñóáõݳÏáõÃÇõÝ Ò»éݳñÏÁ Û³ÝÓݳéáõ ¿ Çñ ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý »õ ç³ÝùÇݪ å³Ñå³Ý»Éáõ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ÙÇç³í³Ûñ« áñ ÏÁ ù³ç³É»ñ¿ ëï»Õͳ·áñͳϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ³ñ¹Çõݳõ¿ïáõÃÇõÝÁª Ç ËݹÇñ Ò»éݳñÏÇ Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõ »õ ͳé³ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ« ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ³ÝÓ»ñáõ ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñáõ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý »õ ϳñáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ μ³ñ»É³õٳݣ


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