A R C H I T E C T U R E
PORTFOLIO
2020 Postgraduate Design
Qianqian Peng 19088749
"Mixed-use City Vienna" MA A+U
Acknowledgements
The successful completion of this book is the result of a research of the topic and the support and endorsement of a variety of collegues and t u t o r s .‘ M i x e d - u s e’ i s presented in the following pages.I would like to thank the Manchester School of Architecture to give me precious opportunity and experience to be a part of a student of M A architecture and the Urbanism program. And I would like also to thank my tutor Eamonn C a n n i f fe 、 J u l i e F i t z p a t r i c k 、Johnathan Djabarouti a n d D av i d C h a n d l e r 、 C o l i n Harwood who show a lot of patience and give me so much guidance.
I e x p r e s s m y g ra t i t u d e t o the brilliant and talented professor of MA+U, who guide me and give me lots of suggestions and ideas throughout the sessions until I finished my dissertation. I am also grateful to my parents and brothers who give me a lot of supports to complete my dissertation. This work is dedicated to all of you that had assisted me, thank you so much for your efforts and supports.
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00 INTRODUCTION I took the ’’Superscape 2020‘ competition in the studio B and C,'Superscape 2020' theme is: MIXED-USE CITY - Living, Working and Urban Production The barriers between public and private space, between living and working, between digital and analogue are steadily disappearing. As we search for forward-looking, sustainable and people-oriented approaches to urban development the idea of “mixed-use” has huge potential. In this context, urban production and its increasing importance as a significant element of the diversified city plays a prominent role. As we search for forward-looking, sustainable and peopleoriented approaches to urban development the idea of “mixed use” has huge potential. In this context, urban production and its increasing importance as a significant element of the diversified city plays a prominent role. The ever more intensive relationships between and mutual interconnectedness of knowledge, research, development, culture and services and the new manufacturing methods brought by digitalisation are also re-establishing the place and role of production in the city. The task for architecture is to test creative concepts, innovative models and solutions that propose visions of the future and experimental designs and address the spatial and social challenges of urban (living) space in the year 2050. This exercise raises many questions:
How can mixed-use solutions that combine urban production with living, working and public space function in both spatial and social terms? Which types and sectors of production come into question? And what added value will this generate for users? What needs must be met by the residential building of the future against the background of changing living conditions, new everyday cultures and a permanently diversifying society (multilocal or temporary living, individualisation, the sharing economy etc.)? Which design approaches enable the functions and qualities of a whole range of mixed-use options to be accommodated? What is the role of public space? How can new spatial and functional structures impact upon mobility behaviour, transport infrastructures, logistics, commerce and waste management as well as private and public resources? In this book，I will mainly focus on solving ‘transpor t Infrastructure problem’, designing waterfront for seasonal high tide, implementing ‘Mixed-use’ City and 'how people can better live together in 2050 ' and etc.
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ethod
TABLE OF CONTENTS
life Circle and Transport Station
balance stream of people
Increase land use efficiency Provide more public space for local residents Echoing Vienna's longstanding urban design requirements for a mix of functions
9 DESIGN BACKGROUND
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METHOD
STRATEGIES
DETAIL PLAN
SECTION
The second new urban center (continuation + innovation)
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DETAIL DESIGN
sis Refined site plan and “phase two”plan
Water Purfication
Geothermal Power
Pedestrian Friendly Campus
Food Services
Riverside Landscape
As mentioned before，I also made the whole area“phase one”“phase two”“phase three”,want to creative a continuous walking flow.
DISTRICT ANALYSIS
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FACADE
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00
Introduction
01
Site & Problem Analysis
02
Method Data analysis Contrast Questionnaire
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Masterplan Current and after design Design Process Whole area masterplan and model making
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Key life circle Detail design District Analysis Life in the residential area The condition of three waterlevels on the riverbank Road Design Life circle’s plan and model making The location and generation of the multi-functional station Perspective The whole area section plan Road Junction Design Built Environment & Material Choice Built Features Utilities & Services The station’s facade Sightview from the window
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Conclusion
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01
HOW WE LIVE TOGETHER IN 30 YEARS?
“Mixed-Use City-Living,Working and Urban Production, 3 important points we extracted,we took part in a competition last termďźŒthis page is to introduce the background and what the competition want. We are in the midst of a digital revolution that is affecting society, economy and culture.Therefore, we put forward higher requirements on the function and use of urban settlements.The gap between public and private space, between living and working, and between digital and analog is gradually disappearing. The integration of many aspects of urban life and the shift to the digital means that we should no longer be building environments that are single-function structures.The concept of "mixed use" has great potential. In the context of changing living conditions, new everyday cultures, and a continuously diverse society (multi-place or temporary housing, privatization, the sharing economy, etc.), what needs must the residential buildings of the future meet? What design approaches can accommodate the functionality and quality of the various mixed-use options?What is the role of public space?
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"Superscape 2020" Competition
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"Vienna City"
'"Mixed-use" building'
Vienna
BACKGROUND Population increasing urbanisation social change
architecture pose new challenge
urban planning
"working"
"Urban Production"
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Site Analysis
01 location We choose Vienna as our location,not only because the host of the competition is in Austria.In history, Vienna has laid a deep imprint on the urban development, which is very rare among European cities.It is not only the political center of Austria, but also the cultural and artistic center of Europe. The red dotted semicircle in the figure is the our project site.We choose this site is because:it is in the central of the vienna ,It is also the intersection of the old and new town.This area contains residential、Office、entertainments、recreation 、good Danube Riverside scenery and etc.（These points are very coincide with our thoughts‘Mixed-use’）
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Also we want to inspire no cars（The streets of Vienna's old town are very narrow, and with the relief of traffic above ground, people may not only tend to stay only some areas）living pattern to ease the problem of uneven population development in Vienna old and new town.
Problem Analysis
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1
Lroblem
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4 3 5
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5 Problem Analysis 1.Residential road usage is not very well. 2.The landscape of the Danube River is undeveloped and cannot be used during the flood time. 3.The road planning in this area is a bit disorder. 4,The green area in this site is too concentrated and not convenient for the people who is remote. 5.The office area in this area is also concentrated. All these problems can be seen to be solved one by one in the future
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02
HOW ABOUT NO PRIVATE CARS IN THE FUTURE?
In the context of the contemporary promotion of 'walking city',and also by data anlysis ,due to the uneven distribution of population on our site,we proposed no private cars in the future in this area. But if no cars,how can people easily get what they want? That is the reason why we used life circle to cover this whole area,people live in each circle can easily get what they want,and by the questionnaires we distributed,we put the functions what most people really want into the life circles.This is how our design generated.
Method 02 method
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Method ďźˆData Analysis
02 method
The pink figure shows the digital data of the population density in Vienna. The population density of the old city is too large, which leads to the onesided city, low land utilization rate, unbalanced development and mixed functions within the site.And also we can find that people crowd congregate mainly in central urban areas.
The blue figure shows the digital data that people are more likely to walk or use public transport in recent years.
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Contrast the three elements of the design area with Vienna center
Design Area
Vienna Center These two pages show our analysis of people gathering, public transport and vehicle routes,and that's why we came up with the concept of the 500 and 800 meters living circle, redesigning the layout of certain buildings, and then the road design and so on.
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The preference place in 5 minutes if they don’t use car(Top 4)
Questionnaire(94 valid)
park
Method （Questionnaire）
small shops the bus station the subway station the railway station the primary school the middle school a college entertainment（community center，sports center，etc） restaurant library 0
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30
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70
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The preference place in 10 minutes if they don’t use car(Top 3) park small shops
Method（questionnaire） Questionn
the bus station the subway station
aire(93 valid)
the railway station the primary school the middle school a college entertainment（community center，sports center，etc） restaurant library 0
5
10
15
20
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30
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The thing they want to trade the right of using car(Top 3) 500+ square meters of public space in 5 minutes
Where they want to go by using "random door"?
100 square meters of public space in 5 minutes money private garden of 50 square meters a room in sports center in 5 minutes others 0
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5
10
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The original intention of this questionnaire is to find out what functions are preferred in the 5 minutes life circle and the 10 minutes life circle, so that we can set corresponding functional buildings in each circle.Then we found that parks, small shops, bus stops, subway stations and restaurants are what people prefer in their life circle. From the questionnaire we can see that ,we asked what do they want in exchange for the right to use a car is that to echo the concept of "car-free city" we mentioned, but to get 500 meters and 1000 meters of public places which shows people's strong desire for public space.In fact ,the results that we came up with were ultimately applied to our design, and we all had these elements in our life circle. The little diagram on the left shows the results of where do people want to go most.
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WHAT WE DID?
This portion shows our planning and design for the whole area and the design the steps,each of us chose a life circle to focus on design
Current and After design
03 strategies
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Current and After design Design Process life Circle and Transport Station
life Circle and Transport Station
STEP
①：First draw the bus routes in our
area and mark the stops.Because we believe that public transportation is the most effective way to change the distance people travel and the degree of crowd gathering
This area has been splited into these circles， another way of saying it is that these life circles also consist of this area.We proposed “car -free mobility” concept in 2050.In each life circle has its functions that people need ，so people no need to go far away，in that case it greatly relieves the pressure of traffic on the ground.And 5-min 、10 min is also in cooperation with the short-distance（walkable） city.
STEP ④：Then we remarked the road line
in the whole area and added some center to make it can cover the whole area.
STEP ②：Then selected some junctions of
the bus stop and road serves as the center of the circle .
STEP
⑤：From this figure can find the
connections between circles.
STEP ③：We put our “5 min life circle” and “10 min life circle”concept into these stops，but one problem is that these life circles cannot cover the whole area，what about the left area ？
STEP
⑥：Finally we splited the big and
concentrated green areas into many small green spaces to each circle to make people in each circle have easy access to these green spaces.
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Masterplan
Masterplan
Partner A's circle
Due to the large area of the whole area, we sel Although we are 3 different people selected have the functions people need and the same modification method to the road is similar, so I two people together .
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Partner B's circle
Whole area masterplan
Model making and sketches
ected three circles to focus on the design. three different circles,in each circleďźŒwe e shape of multi-functional station,and our I put the plan and perspective of the other
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04
W H A T A M CONSTANLY DOING?
I
After the competition, it will be a key design part of each of us for our own life circle.This portion shows that my focus on the road design（walkable city）, riverfront view(A modification of the aforementioned seasonal high tide)、 multi-functional buildings （‘Mixed-use’）、 the structure of the buildings in my area and so on.and also shows that how I made my best to make them fit together better.
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District Analysis
District Analysis 04
strict Analysis
ar Power
Water Purfication
Water Purfication
Rain Gardens
n Gardens
detail design
Solar Power
Geothermal Power
Geothermal Power
2
Daycare care Faculty
ulty
nnig Plannig spital Hospital
shery
Fishery
Pedestrian Friendly PedestrianCampus Friendly
Campus
Food Food Services Services
Riverside LandscapeRiverside
Landscape
As mentioned before，I also made the whole area“phase one”“phase two”“phase three”,want to creative a As mentioned before，I also made the whole area“phase one”“phase two”“phase three”,wan continuous walking flow.
continuous walking flow.
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The design of this project focuses on water 、roads and travel modes. 01 02 03 pictures show the scenes of people living along the Riverside. At the same time, you can see the bicycle path being promoted and some people playing by the riverside.04 05 06 pictures shows the daily use of the roads around the residential area. It can be seen that the vision for the future is that fewer and fewer cars are used, and more and more people advocate walking and cycling. This page shows the vision about how I think people live here in harmony and live together better.From 07 08 09 pictures you can see most people ride bicycles as a daily means of transportation，Children play happily，these diagrams show the vision of my scheme in some ways...
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02
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Life in the residential area
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09
04 detail design
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The condition of three waterlevels on the riverbank
04 detail design For the site is close to the famous Danube river, I chose this area in my project to design in the view of the seasonal high tide of the river.Different states were displayed on the Banks of the three water levels of +5.100,+6.800 and+ 7.800. Also in the riverfront there shows the Lawn activities,waterfront cycling,wetland scenery,intertidal zone path and etc.
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Road Design Current Photo Road Design Road Design ①：
Original street 12m extend to 17m Current Photo
Road Design ② Road Design Original street 18m extend to 20m
This week I made 3 pages about the road resign,from the Road Design ② Road picture canDesign find that road ① changed park lane to Original street extend to 20m cycleway,and extend18m the length of pavements. And I made the varieties of pipes underground(from CurrentRoad Photo Design ③ portable water pipe ,wastewater pipe to traffic survellience Road Design pipe etc) Current24m Photo street
Road Design ③ Road Design
Current Photo Road ② 24m also change the park lane to cycleway but this time street This week adds I made 3 pages about theand road the the shared bycicle station takeresign,from the average of the values that were different on both sides of the road. picture can find that road ① changed park lane to Current Photo cycleway,and extend the length of pavements. And I made the varieties of pipes underground(from portable water pipe ,wastewater pipe to traffic survellience pipe etc)
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Road ② also change the park lane to cycleway but this time addsCurrent the shared bycicle station and take the average of the Photo Road ③ were also change the park lane to cycleway butroad. this time values that different on both sides of the
Section and Section a Also I find the ro
usage（Parking the real area for andlack Plan few,Section some so I selected 3 k they are 12m， of this page is th the roads.
In the middle of Section roads,from my s road extend to 1 Section and Plan lane change to private cars in th add greenbelts. In the 18m road cycleway equidi shops in the pav stations inSection the ca In the 24m road to cycleway(the private cars,adv future,so chang
o
gn ② to 17m esign tend 18m extend to 20m deet Plan and Plan
Section and Plan Section and Plan
Road Design
Pipe Legend Pipe Legend Pipe Legend
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Pipe Legend
detail design
de 3 pages about the road resign,from the that road ① changed park lane to xtend the length of pavements. varieties of pipes underground(from pipe ,wastewater pipe to traffic survellience
o
sign ③ Design and Plan
m
Pipe Legend
Section and Plan
Pipe Legend
hange the park lane to cycleway but this time d bycicle station and take the average of the e different on both sides of the road. the road resign,from the
nged park lane to of pavements. underground(from oto and Plan pipe to traffic survellience
change the park lane to cycleway but this time ea have more spaces.
Pipe Legend
From the picture can find that road 1 changed park lane to cycleway,and extend the length of pavements. And I made the varieties of pipes underground(from portable water pipe ,wastewater pipe to traffic survellience pipe etc) Road 2 also change the park lane to cycleway but this time adds the shared bycicle station and take the average of the values that were different on both sides of the road. Road 3 also change the park lane to cycleway but this time green belt area have more spaces.
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Refined site plantwo” and Plan “phase My circle site plan 、 “Phase and Model making
two”plan
04 detail design
④ ④
⑥
①
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①
Physical Model Physical Model Physical Model
① ②
Physical Model Physical Model Physical Model
⑤
① ③
⑦ ①
Multi-functional Station
②
Rain Gardens
③
Food Service
④
Riverside Landscape
⑤
Village
⑥
Fishery
⑦
Sports Center
The reason Why I do physical model is first of all because physica model is very important and'it gives me the most intuitive feeling,also it heiped with my subsequent analysis of the station.While I was construct the model on the Sketchup software,no matter what you build it won't have a construction problem,only when I make the physical model can I know whether the form I used is appropriate,and I made the station different material with other architecture to highlight it.In a word ,this really helped me to think about the details of the structure later on.
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generation ①
location
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②
③
④
The location and generation of the multifunctionalstation 1 04 detail design
Different from before, there are three supports in one point. This structure has two supports in each direction and six supports in one point. Two supports intertwining with each other in each direction. This is not only for beautiful but actually more solid. And each node is connected by a mortise and tenon structure, which enhances its stability
pespective view
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The location and generation of the station 2ďźŒ3
perspective view
04 detail design put into
put into Structure Embeded Solid Partition
perspective view Partition with Door
Insulated Solid Partition
Station’s location
Partition with Window Insulated Solid Partition
Structure Embeded Solid Partition
Space Unit Exploded Axon Stations is evenly located in three locations on the site,and because of the "car-free"concept we advocated before,the station must have critical role,and our theme is "Mixed-use",that is why I want to make a multi-functional station and do the key design.This building is most used of frame structure,boxes with different functions are stuffed into these frames,and also different boxes have connections with each other.
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Structure Assembly Axon
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①
④
⑦
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①
Multi-functional Station
⑥
Fishery
②
Rain Gardens
⑦
Sports Center
③
Food Service
⑧
Residential Area
④
Riverside Landscape
⑨
Underground Parking
⑤
Village
⑩
Underground Pipeline
①
⑨ ⑩ This page shows a long section cross the whole area which can show every district in detail.The previous assumptions and the analysis of the region concerned can be reflected here.
③
Section across the area
04 detail design
⑥
⑤ ①
②
⑧
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Road Junctio
This page, I selected four road intersections of the project for the more detailed design.From here you can see how people use the roads on a daily basis.For the road design that has been made before, here gives a clearer and more intuitive three-dimensional effect.And previously mentioned 'the promotion of bicycle and foot travel, the reduction of the width of the motorway, and the separation of the pavement, bicycle and motorway from each other' can be reflected in this page
on design
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Built Environment TEXTURE，MATERIALS AND PATTERNS
1 Commercial +Public Facilities Panel Cladding Steel Wire Mesh
2 Residential
Red Brick Wall Wood
3 Shophouses
Grass Concrete Stone
Facade Patterns-Lines
Ceramic Tiles
Facade Patterns-Geometry
Ground Patterns
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PATTERNS
Built Features Utilities & Services
Public services are more concentrated around the public architecture and ground.PreviouslyďźŒit is not fully utilised by the publicďźŒit was found more in old dWeveloped buildings.nNew and well maintained are what the public looking for.
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Multi-functional Station Facade
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Sightview from the window
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HOW IS THE FUTURE GOING ON?
This chapter explores the impact of my proposal on the neighbourhood,in terms of the community,the infrastructure,the economy,ect.This also means the conclusion of my vienna design,and which may also become a series of guidelines that can be applied to other regions who wish to achieve mixed use city living.
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2025 WHAT ARE THE PARAMENTS OF HOUSING INTERVENTION? DOES THE PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE WORK? WHAT IS THE CITY'S MOBILITY GOAL?
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Uneven distribution of urban population, traffic problems on the ground and etc which can be strongly transformed by a series of interventions appiied over time.Dealing with City and project scale，a group of complementary proposals can be determined in order to face the economic，urban， energetic and social problems. The first step consists in the analysis of the housing reality in which people live and point out the very specific location of public equipment and green areas in the city.This distance between living and activity polos generates an important mobility in means of private transport.
2035 CAN THE EXISTING HOUSE BE IMPROVED?
HOW CAN THE URBAN F EVOLVE AND BE ENHAN
HOW SHOULD FUNCTIO THE TRANSPORT SYSTE
TO BE CONTINUEING . . .
Greening the city and making it work in a more suitable way is the base to start improving the habitants' life quality of WT.The proposal is based on adding up new layers in the urban fabric in order to transform the lived and built reality. New network of parks located in the existent streets joins the different parks of the city and offers various occupations of public space. Alternative mobility and public connection within the area are implemented.
FABRIC NCED? The housing units are improved by adding a new
ON EM?
facade that generates an additional space for the house and acts as a buffer zone.This additional facade proposes a new relationship with the street and the social interaction is potentialised.
2050+
Autonomous modular elements are added to the streets and can adopt a great deal of forms and uses.The construction of public equipment acts as a totem or reference in the city and breaks the urban monotony.The redensification strategy is based in housing units that overlap the existing ones using HOW TO REDENSIFICATE the new facades as structure .They are self-sufficient THIS URBAN FABRIC MODEL? and produce energy for the house below.This model offers only a structure and the basic elements for the WHY NOT REDISTRIBUTE proper behavior of the house.It acts as a base for the THE PUBLIC EQUIPMENT? hypothetic future interventions and can grow adding up modules under the structuraďźˆself-constrution.
CAN A NEW STREET PARADIGM BE DEVELOPED?
...
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