theStudents
total of seven courses taught by Wadge while he has been at Waterloo, the anti-calender has rated his teaching well in five, including all the computer courses. In regard to research qualif ia tions , Fischer dismissed one paper written last year as “not computer science” and said the rest was not enough. On the other hand,‘he feels Wadge shows signs of promising activity. At its final meeting of the term Fischer and Forbes asked Wadge if he wished to launch a tuesday night at Hammarskjold House, the federation council formal appeal through the dean’s approved, with very little debate, office. Wadge remarked he hadn’t scored marginally higher on the known this was possible because the $214,000 working budget for the common final taken with the other neither Fischer nor Forbes had coming year. co-op section. His comments were Budget approval usually takes mentioned this before. The corroborated by the other students two meetings of council-a first president of the faculty association present. reading and then an approval had also told Wadge he thought One 24Ob student said he had the two meetings that because of the nature of meeting-but found the lectures easy going and Wadge’s appointment (“definite were held one after the other Wadge’s lecture style rather in- term”) tuesday night since most members no appeal was possible. formal, and had become concerned At the end of the meeting, a of council have conflicts with about the pace of the course. But, exams or term papers for the student asked the administrators after the mid-term and final, he whether the meeting had provided remainder of the term. realized how much had been new information about Wadge’s The approvalis also subject to a covered and how much he had re-examination meeting next teaching. Fischer agreed it had. assimilated. Many similar student When another student asked if the September to see how expenses testimonies were given during the department would reconsider its have been over the summer and re90-minute meeting. It was noted decision, Fischer said yes. He said evaluate the allocations for the fall that Fischer had never attended a that Wadge could present his case and winter terms; some members, Wadge lecture. He was apologetic, at the next meeting of the comhowever, voted against the seppointing to the demands on his mittee on april 5. The meeting will tember meeting, feeling it will be time and his own teaching responnot be open to students, but they more of an automatic procedure sibilities. Fischer did say he was may submit written comments. than a genuine re-appraisal at that confident Wadge was capable of Fischer asked two students in point. being an effective lecturer. (The partcular to put their remarks in The breakdown of the 11 following day, Forbes and Fischer allocations : adwriting, to which they agreed. r departments’ sat in on one of Wadge’s 129b The math faculty claims to listen ministration-$64,900 allocation, classes.) $64,660 subsidy ; to students and has held many of $300 revenue, Wadge said the as yet in- its own rap sessions, none as wellboard of education-$24,800, nil, complete anti-calendar attended as this one. It will be $24,800; board of external evaluations for this year rate him relations-$15,000, $1,000, $14,000; interesting to see how much weight well in both 129b and the fourth is given to student opinion this time board of co-op services-$151,300, year computer course. Out of the $151,300, nil ; board of en-. around. -shane roberts tertainment-$180,000, photo by gord moore $Woj)O, $42,000; creative arts board$10,600, $2,600, $8,000; board of publications-$89,600, $48,000, $41,600 ; board of communications-$35,700, $20,700, $15,000; critic-at-large-$700, nil, $700; board of student grievances-$3,300 nil, 83,300; post office84,000, $4,000, nil; campus shop880,000, 880,000, nil. No major changes were made or suggested in the budget, which was brought forward, after several executive budget meetings, by federation treasurer David Chapley-In other action, the council voted the Klemmer Farmhouse Co-op Day Nursery subsidies totalling up to $3,660 after a brief from the nursery was presented and the allotment requested. The nursery is presently in debt for $1,340, and is asking for the subsidy to carry them through to September, when they feel they will be able to operate on a break-even basis. Currently, there are seven fulltime children enrolled in the nursery and seven part-time. Chapley also moved that federation president Andrew Telegdi have his salary raised from $90 per week to $120. Chapley’s motion was ruled out of order, since it did not come from a special committee which--has been formed to examine salaries and honoraria. It is expected that salaries of all full-time federation Fired math prof Bill Wadge [right] listens as math dean W.F. Forbes employees-except secretaries’ answers a student’s question Tuesday afternoon. Department chairman and the accountant’s-will go up P.C. Fischer [left] helped Forbes field questions and undergrad Charles by six per cent in September, but Ronsio chaired the meeting. no more.
praise
teaching
Uncle reconsidered? There was a get-together of the grassroots and hierarchy of the Department of Applied Analysis and Computer Science Tuesday afternoon to discuss the case of Bill Wadge. Over 150 students crammed into a classroom blanketing the floor from wall to wall, with many curious heads poking in through the doorways from the hall. Grads and other faculty members were also present to hear the department chairman, P.C. Fischer and math dean, W.F. Forbes and Wadge himself reply to students’ questions. The issue revolves around the non-renewal of Wadge’s contract after his two year term as a faculty member expires this year. The gathering was chaired by undergraduate Charles Ronsio who manged to even-handedly wield his gavel during potentially volatile debate. a fourth year Vince Ryan, student and spokesman for the Wadge supporters, opened the He said Wadge questioning. displayed an ability “only too rare . at Waterloo to communicate with his students and to arouse interest in the subject material. Ryan wanted to know how it was decided not to renew Wadge’s contract. Dean Forbes explained that he made the decision acting upon the advice of the computer science noted the department . He university’s efforts to build a faculty of people with abilities in both research and teaching. Former federation president, Shane Roberts suggested the recent student response should been seen as input for the evaluation of Wadge’s teaching abilities. Fischer was ambiguous about Wadge’s teaching. He said Wadge was capable of being a good lecturer. However, Fischer emphasized two unfavourable math student anti-calendar ratings given Wadge last year for Math 329 and last term for 129a. Ryan questioned -whether the anticalendar is taken seriously in decisions about faculty positions. Without identifying the professors by name, Ryan read out bad reviews given to different tenured individuals. Fischer said that last term some 129a students had complained that Wadge spent too much time fooling around during lectures. One of these undergraduates was present at the tuesday meeting and gave a report on what has happened since then. The student said that a delegation of 129a students went to Wadge and explained their discontent with the lectures. He and others feel that the lectures have steadily improved. This class
University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario volume 13, number 39 friday, march 30,1973
Coundll backs ’ Wadge
John Jongerius, manager of the record coop, by another motion, will assume a full-time manager’s post for the coop this summer,. also at $90 per week. In the only issue which caused any real debate, the council plunged the federation into the Bill Wadge controversy by passing a motion supporting Wadge’s demand for appeal meetings with the administration. Representative and ex-federation president, Shane Roberts, made an impassioned plea for the motion, stating that students have a right and a duty to enter into the hiring and firing process. “I think the federation should get into this whether it hurts Wadge’s chances or not,” Shane urged. “Students should be involved in hiring and firing as much as possible. ..we see how the profs teach; the administrators and deans only see how they research.” Federation vice-president and math rep Steve Treadwell argued against the motion, charging that Wadge had had plenty of time and opportunity to protest and appeal before this, but waited until it was too late. The motion was overwhelmingly passed, with only the math rep Treadwell dissenting. Treadwell said he did not argue with the ideal of student involvement, but did not feel the federation should tie the issue to the Wadge affair, about which council has too few facts to judge. In response to that argument, council unanimously passed a separate motion supporting putting students onto tenure committees in a voting capacity. -g
s kaufman
Picking up the pieces? Sidney Saltsman’s decision to decline the directorship of the School of Planning has posed a number of questions for those within the school concerning the possible alternatives. The present interim director, R. Doerney, holds the position until june 30. At the faculty meeting held friday, march 23, the possible choices of action were considered. The alternatives were: one, to reconsider other candidates, from either the first long list, or the more restrictive short list; two, reconsider %nternal candidates” from either the School of Planning or from the university at large; three, re-open the whole selection procedure; or four, defer any final -continued
Student
on page 7
games
protest The University of Waterloo Men’s Intercollegiate Council has called on all university athletes across c Canada to petition the Fitness and Amateur Sports Directorate (FASD) in Ottawa to reverse its decision on athletic eligibility for the upcoming World Student Games. For more information see page 27.
i
2
the chevron
by David
friday,
Robertson
I
I
n this article I shall not concern .myself with a discussion of ‘this year in retrospect’. Criticism and praise I believe can be offered equally. It is more important to place my experiences both as a student and as Vice-President of the Federation in some theoretical and practical perspective that will enable me to continue the development of an analysis, and perhaps provide some continuity between the past Federation objectives and the present goals. There are certain aspects of our ‘collective’ situation that I want to comment on. As a starting point, I would like to discuss some of the main features of the socialization process that we as students can regard as a ‘shared’ experience. The subtleties and textures of it may vary from individual to individual but the theme is common.
Education and socialization Before continuing, it should be made clear that I am working on two assumptions. One is that we live in an unfree society; one in which the dominant theme is repression. Repression is used to designate both conscious and unconscious, external and internal processes of restraint, constraint and suppression (Marcuse, “Eros and Civilization”). And, secondly, that through the socialization process, individuals, in -order to survive, are wiiling to accept the identities and roles provided (in Goffman’s sense) and are thus encouraged to passively accept the dominance of the status quo. Furthermore, the main concept I wish to work around regarding the socialization process is the development of the ‘mind set’ that exemplifies student life. That is to say, the ‘attitude formation’ that the school develops in its students. I am not implying a ‘conspiratorial’ model of control; instead I believe that much of it is inadvertant and unconscious. However, this does not change the -seriousness of the situation. I believe our school system is operating on two (often contradictory) sets of goals One set is articulated and is generally (publicly) understood. That is, the purpose of formal education is to transmit the commonly agreed upon skills and knowledge of our culture. To permit the individual to maximize his potentialities and to ‘prepare and enable individuals to become productive members of society’. With this last statement, we move into the second set of goals which are ‘subliminal‘ and of in the great importance development of the student. If this set of goals were articulated it would be “the proper socialization of individuals for the purpose of maintaining the status quo”-i.e. : the creation of a professional class, and the creation of a consumptive and passive people. The way these goals are ex-
maintained is pressed and through the ‘medium’ of the classroom. The way in which the classroom is organized is the key to understanding our inability to think in terms of opposition to the system. In the early years, when ‘play’ bears a critical function in the development of attitudes, the child is taught how to compete. Later, this competitive spirit is fostered in the class through projects, tests, and right answers. Possessiveness is also instilled in the child. The degree of control exercised over children in the school stifles. creativity and spontaneity-it produces the robot. Certain types of accepted ‘behavioural patterns’ are taught, and these, combined with a set of rigid, methodological procedures ensure and encourage the acceptance of similar behaviour in later life, in the work world. Organization on a hierarchical basis with . a (parent) authoritarian leader teaches very clearly that one has to submit one’s will and desires to a powerful other (which is then generalized to the powerful
‘others’). Spatial organization, rows of desks, blackboard at the front, etc., inhibits any free movement and systematically isolates the individual from other people. I have talked about the techniques of the classroom and have not mentioned the ‘content’. On that issue, very simply, the student is an empty pitcher and all that has to be done is to open his head and pour knowledge in. In general, life becomes a highly routine and compartmentalized experience. By the time the student reaches university, the concept of alienation has become an enduring perceptual set that affects ever greater portions of the individual’s life. This is by no means an adequate treatment of the socialization process, but the hints are there.
The university If we accept
that
students
are
socialized and homogenized throughout the primary and secondary grades we are left with the question-what is the function of university? Very simply stated-it is the final grooming ground, it is the place where one receives the necessary skills to obtain a job, it is the institution that finally, after all these years, grants the individual (if he has, met all the conditions of conformity) with the ‘rite de passage’. Or at least it did. The university today-is a corporation, a bureaucracy in the most pejorative sense of the word. It is an -institution that relies extensively upon authoritarian and hierarchical patterns of organization and management. It is a closed system with its standardized curriculum, its requirements and electives, majors and minors, its grades and degrees. All in all, the principles that govern business enterprises are the same ones that rule the university. (Witness the interesting growth of the university of Waterloo. i.e.: where it got and how it used its monies.) Students in this system are
viewed as unproductive members of society, parasites on the backs of the taxpayers and often are made to feel both ‘guilty’ and ‘grateful’ for this state of affairs. As students, we operate within a ‘closed’ system, we have little contact with what is called the ‘real’ world; we become adequate manipulating verbal at representations of abstract symbols, but are denied any real power over our own lives. We have spent so much time at the breast of the school system in forced suckling that we have yet to make an important personal decision. The university can be conceived of as a small city yet the residents have no control over its decision making process. We are adults but the university administration still attempts to discipline us and mould us into some confused image (witness recent Arts Faculty Council meetings). I think it is important to un-
derstand that university forces us to create our ‘self-image’ in relation to ‘artificial’ others and contrived external reinforcement. For example, the good student becomes equated with the good person, intelligence becomes defined by a set of grades, etc. The highly specialized approach to education, the lack of relevant social content in most of our courses, and our whole style of life, prevents us from relating world, national or even local issues to our life experience. Furthermore, it totally inhibits any development of self, group or social consciousness. To sum up: there comes a time when the individual no longer needs the influence of the covert socializer. We become carriers of the disease. We give up the pursuit of relevance and opt for a style of life that is composed of ‘vacuous motions’ and a ‘mannequin mentality’. Our sense of identity is that of the ‘organized’ ego.
The Federation It is against this background of socialization and sparks of dissent that the figure of the Federation can be seen. The assumptions expressed here are the ones I shall be operating on throughout the rest of this paper: (1) the Federation is concerned with the question of “quality of life” ; (2) the Federation is concerned with the democratization of the university; (3) the Federation is concerned with the ‘educational’ process. If the Federation is not concerned with the above points, then I strongly suggest that the Federation has no purpose and should not exist. Anything else (not that the above is safe) will be too readily co-opted and will only reinforce the existing pattern of domination. The goal of the Federation should be the development of radical consciousness of the student body and finally the development and implementation of the radical programme (both personally and socially relevant) within the educational structure. Within the isolated context of the university, there are two interrelated foci of attention: the individual student and the university structure. However, it should always be kept in mind that you cannot separate the individual from the institution of which he is a part or the institution from its relationship with other institutions. We are concurrently operating on a subsystem, system, and metasystem level. This being understood, how does the Federation operate and move in the direction of its goals? To begin with, any action (be it a speakers series or a demonstration) must be based on a set of principles or viewpoints. Anything the Federation does should have explicit and articulated an philosophy behind it; this must include a coherent set of beliefs about the nature of society and the social values and goals that are considered desirable. To
march
30,1973
operate with no analysis or goals whatsoever or to operate with an inconsistent set of ideas is t-o run the risk of defeating oneself by acting on contradictory principles at different times. Take for example a record co-op which operates on very few, if any, of the principles behind a co-operative endeavour. What happens in that situation is a reinforcement of the ‘buy-sell’ exchange of goods ethic that permeates our society. Furthermore, if the Federation operates solely on the micro level, while ignoring the economic realities and macro aspects of social life, all its programmes are doomed to failure. How can one talk of quality of education without understanding the forces that shape our educational experience? It is obvious that many of these forces are outside the university walls. (The Commission on Post-Secondary Education is a case in point.) How is it possible to talk of the cost of education without understanding where the money comes from and where it goes to and without questioning the current relationship between taxpayer, student and corporations? Early in the year, Council should carefully select the issues it will emphasize. It should understand these issues in relation to other issues and should develop a plan for implementing them in practice. If you understand how much there is to be done, you can be overwhelmed. A set of priorities is extremely important. From my personal experience, I would suggest that if one attempts to tackle everything, very often one accomplishes nothing. It cannot be overemphasized that the set of priorities chosen must be in accordance with the articulated goa Is. The Federation potentially, and this must be made evident in practice, is the most democratic organization that the student is faced with. It must be shown time and time again, that the students can influence the organization and can become a real part of it. This is a very difficult task to accomplish and requires a great deal of creative work. Neutral institutions are impossible and as such the Federation should clearly state its biases and allow, even demand, a response from its members.
Strategies tactics
and
The summer months are a time that can be used for the new executive and council to familiarize themselves with the nature and history of the organization and also with the university structures. The development of an analysis and the creation of a programme follows. The summer is perhaps the only term in which this can be adequately accomplished.‘ The initiation of the programme for the ----continued on page 4
.
- D&d
Gordon
car made everything that followd The conclusion that people “no longer work to live-aey live to in terms of social development absolutely inevitable.” The ‘antilive; and most people are cripples determhiists’ on the other -hand, in those terms” is one which:might contend that any- technology, is well be challe’nged by a Substantial neutral. Technology is portion of the working people of essentially the servant of man, waiting for Canada. d&e&ion.” But for UW’s Donald Gordon who is that “the spoke &sday, to a- second year , .His conclusipn legacy of the 60’s is history class, this is one of the technological the most horrendous-and the outcomes of the technological most exciting challenge of Donald Gordon believes that the questions, “what am I alive for?‘t and revolution of the 60’s, “a major Where do we go from transitional time of our century of history.“. “what is the purpose of humans?” are the key to creativity. . . .A here? Well, Gordon directed- his existence.” / student listeners, “define iourThere are curGus contradictions Gordon, a fornier, CBC comand perhaps, in that between the verdict delivered in mentator and author of books on selves process, save yourselves.” t& McMaster‘ case and’ the vertechnology and media traced the failed to dicts in e&lier cases. In a decision What Gordon ‘ r triumph of the scientific methods acknowledge was the historical, reached at the University of in the sixties from sociological roots of Western Ontario only weeks I rbots he descriti-as originating in economic and ideological the system we know as capitalism. earlier the board carefully pointed the 19Ws. Those who lived through Organized and orchestrated by the out that ‘since board de&ions the “affront to human dignity, the few for their own benefit (to the influence union orgatiizing erosion of human faith and honor” detriment of the . majority), it is practises and the way’ in which which occurred during the the whole societal management arranges-its affairs depression years&ad sworn that it ultimately * system of power relations which for years to come, the board should would never haripen again. Their not deviate from past decisions children would never have to must be challenged and changed. worry about “food clothing and , icontinued on page 5 without very good reason. For a Brian Switzman, Federation of variety of small administrative <helter”. \ Students executive- assistant gave reasons (McMaster’s nonProgress ‘and science became _ ‘1 concerning unionized employees participate in two edifying lectures the promise of a better order to the_ COPSEO. (Commission on one benefit plan, there are some come. But the orderly growth Education in transfers,between the library and Post-Secondary aspired to in the thirties (although Ontario) report. The students he it spared the subsequent genr other sections of *e, uniyersity, with were’ _ generally I etc.) the bpard de&d@, that the _ talked erafion those past- deprivain dire need of an exMcMaster case was tiique; an@ freshmen, tions) ran amok. Technology planation of a report that affects or yet’ similar conditions were began to “pollute and pervert”. present at- the University of will affect their_ - lives. c -. aa Biological and physiological . The commission, appointed -by - Western Ontario and ‘there theybreak-throughs opened up the the Ont&o government in 1966 to were rejected as insufficient question of “the human ra’ceinv_estigate post-secondary what do we want?” Atomic and reason for overturning past board -_ education and to propose Almost two years of organizing decisions. chemical breakthroughs left man . In the Western case, the board recommendations for development in the position of being able to have ended in at least temporary its final for 143 McMaster claimed that it was not its duty to beyond 1990, produced destroy many times over all life on failure report in february. The report University non-professional decide what would be the perfect the planet. stresses the need for & few changes - The’ uncontrolled triumph of library workers, february 19, when bargaining unit, but only-to rule op but no major structural changes. the Ontario LabourRelations whether a -bargaining unit science and ‘progress’ wit! all its proposed by the worker! was am This structure is-defined by the two defects created the ‘generation - Board (OLRB) turned down -their main duties 6f education: the for certification as a’ appropriate unit. In the McMaster gap’, said Gordon. The building of application of skills necessary to general employees local of the case, they claimed exactly the produc\ion something akin to a welfare state the economy, -and the in Canada, coupled with what Canadian Union of Operating opposite : “Under section 6(l) of running of ideoldgical workers; Engineers (CUOE). The union is the Labour Relations Act -tie output Gordon called thq “information attemptingto have the verdict Board is required, in the exercise professionals to &minister and revolution” destroyed the oppressiop. overturned but their prospects are of-its jurisdiction, to determine the rationalize traditional-authority of the family. unit of employees that is apThe report also encouraged Each side of the ‘gap’ was not bright.. -further diversification of education The university administration propriate for collective “possessed of integrity-and non-’ contested the union applieatibn on barg#ning. It is noted that the as manifested in. the community communicable values’?. Because college; open educational, creative workers definite article “the” is used (now “you can be complete in the grounds that library and performing arts and univerfrom other rather than a unit of employees yourselves and accurate ‘in a should not be’separated sity sectors. These should be Made campus “technical, clerical, office that is appropriate for collective way those before you couldn’t hope and secretarial workers”, and the bargaining.” more accessible to all who want to to be” with little reliance on the OLRB.-ruled in their favour. The union has sought,-and has pursue a liberal arts edueation or a personal verbal and experiential technical one. This trend to make Similar contests , have taken been refused, a second hearing pas&g on of skills ; traditional - place Mth library workers on four before the full board. They are now ‘&lucation oen to ‘all’ can only be links with_;the past and dependence of cheered on, but in the same report on history have deteriorated. r _ other Ontario campuses during the trying’ to have the Minister Labour have the boaweconsider it is-stated, ‘ . . .we have rejected As a result of these proCesses ; in last few years but this is the first time that the OLRB has ruled in the principles used in the Mc- the -prppbsal that post&condary the ‘sixties, “a number qf versions In Master and Western decisions. training. should be provided free,‘of I order were challenged, . a favour of the administration. contradiction ’ between fact, there are striking inA secret ballot vote of all non- The number of substances of .order providing an education to ‘all’ betweek the Mcprofessional library employees vanish&l. . .It all fell apart and consistencies was conducted last May and those while denying public education Master decision and a decision started foundering on the -real reached only weeks earlier, about v ballots are still uncounted, - could be refuted by-the report .with rocks that had existed all along.” library workers at the University awaiting the Fesult .of this legal the anstier that loans and grants‘ “Really revolutionary changes can ,be obtained. Ontario in London. manoueveuring. in an established system of order ,” of Western Union officials are bitter about this The fact remains that the report This is the second organizing said Gordon, undermined the reforms which, though attempt by the Canadian Union of . presents supports ’ for .%the “checks and and, although no public charges have been made as yet, they are balances” .of that system-the Operating Engineers, and by in- alleviating /some of the frictions funding Canadian uniops, in between governmental family, the church, the schools, the also bitter -about the fact that the dependent of the univervalue structures. Nationalism, too, first union to lose such B case was Hamilton, and both have ended in and the autonomy ,sities, do not address themselves to an “independent, Canadian legal defeat at the board. “useful in some approximation-of of Previously CUOE had signed yp the reality of higher education, the nation-state”, now, in the era of union”, a member of the Coudl less mention possible the multi-nationals, has become a Canadian Unions rather than the over 75 percent of the workers at much dominant CaSladian Labour Stanley Steel only to have their changes. “nuisance to hold us back.” One of the reforms mentioned is “Boundaries are no longer of Congress. The Council of Canadian application dismissed because- one the creation of a buffer council to Unions is not represented on the worked; testified that he had physical space, but of spirit. The Ontario Labour Relations Board inadvertently erred by borrowing act as an intermediary between order of we-them disintegrates. and university. It “Who are your brothers then?” and its member unions have the dollar to pay his fee for. government application. Although would allocate funds according to Gordon described two types of ,publicly charged that -the OLRB is membership discriminatjng against Canadian - he also- testified that he wanted to the directives of its members, reaction to the all-pervasive unions, throwing technical difjoin the union, the application was‘ mainly’ nature of modqrn technology. The drawn from the cornin >he way of their thrown auk ‘determinists’ are those who Lficulties munity. The report maintains the organizing. stance that such a situation would believe “the invention of the motor ’ -david morrow , .’ i - “- \
GO&
Learned sbcjety
Union down
solve. any conflict43 between the state and the university: But,. said Switzman, the trend is towards the centralization of education *bin government structures, and that .process is now irreversible. For those who wish a more elal%rate insight into the future-of universities, Copies of the report can be found somewhere in the federation office. john
‘York ditor rejected
mor’ris
._ -
’ .
’
I
DOWNSVIEW (Cup)-York’s.new Student federation teak office tuesday night and its first external business was to -reject Brian Milner as me Excalibur editor ch#ce for next year. No official reasons were given for the rejection, but unofficially, several councillors said it was a protest a ainst the paper and not against Jll ’ ner. There was no deb&?- on themotion to ratify Milner as editor. The motion was made, coun@l recessed to caucus, then returned to vote 10 to 6 against the choice of editor. Milner , a 1972--political science graduate from York, currently studying. journalism at Carlton, said he co&ln’t understand the r move; Milner, who worked ofi the Excalibur for three years while at York was selected by tie staff collective twp weeks ago as the best of six ’ applicants.Michael Mouritsen, the new council president moved to adjourn the meeting as soon as the rejection vote was tabulated, effectively cutting any discussion. ~’ Speaking after the meeting i about why he rejected Milrier, Mom&en said he thought. there .was a better editor choice and that he had heard “negative things” . election process’ I ! from two Excalibur staff sources. He refused to elaborate or name ’ his sources. ’ Just prior to adjournment Marilyn Smith, the present editor, demanded that council give some reason for refusing Milner. She said council had told h&r to tell the staff to pick anpther editor, but had _ given no reasons ‘why it should daso. ,New councillor, Jack Layton ’ called the closure before debate “the most flagrant breach of integrity” and the newly appointed speaker Bill Bain agreed saying: “Once again council -has used -procedural rules to serve its own political ends”. Patti Bergman, the new communications commissioner in charge of council-newspaper relations, said she was upset over council’s actions. “The paper , could be better but this is no way to achieve that,” she said. hi a staff meeting wednesdby, Excalibur staff voted to back aner and condemned council for its “irresponsibility and undemocratic method”. They ,complained that not one . council member had bothered to come to an open house &oriday to meet Milner and talk to him about . -the’ newspaper. The open house had been arranged through John Theobald who said he had notified council members.
4,
the chevron
upcoming year starts with Orientation. This has become an extremely important period and it can be regarded as the start of a resocia liza t ion process. Th is necessitates a great deal of work and should emphasize: (1) the
nature
’
and
function of the Federation ; (2) a critical appraisal of the university; (3) the goals of the Federation; and (4) other issues relevant to an ongoing programme. Campus issues must be kept constantly before the eyes of the student body. Th6 present media, The Chevron, Radio Waterloo may have to be supplemented by other means. For example, newsletters to all members outlining the problems and suggesting a way for
them to become involved. Better relationship with residence .bons, and society members so they can also play an active part in the process. The Federation can initiate action on issues that are of common concern to students, and
friday,
can provide a programme that is geared to developing an awareness of societa I conditions but it should not deal with issues that concern only a small part of the student body, or effedtively,
directly affect our lives. It is only at this level that the real democratization of the university can occur. In departments that have no formal channels of decision-making (e.g. different committees with specific terms of reference), students as a unit should actively solicit their establishment. In ~ areas where there does exist a formal network, students should push for representation on all committees with the eventual goal being
support
parity.
Federation should be viewed as a resource -centre -for groups on
campus that are reacting to other issues and who are initiating programmes on their own. The Federation, in -these situations, 1 would recommend should provide money, media coverage and the resources of the bureaucracy to
a few of his advisors; and at a formal hierarchical level: the various committees, the faculty councils, the senate and the board of governors. In the past, students’ Councilsl have been the traditional body
opposition
aid these. groups.
committed to some measure of educational and social reform and as a result to some pressure group activity. The two iactors which ’
to squeeze out will of necessity stantive reform
issues.
Therefore,
the
Developing In order to understand possible tactics and strategies, discussion on some of the items in the
make students’ Councils often ingffective in their role as ‘pressregroup are: Firstly, their inability, in terms of manpower and time, to adequately deal with
Federation’s June 1972 programme may be helpful. One of the necessary preconditions for educational reform to
the administration. Student representatives often deal with the university bureaucracy in terms of ‘gut reactions’, because
COPSE
dons
? Inyoufow!in way. Inyour own time. On your own terns. You’ll take to the taste w of Hayed Elites
t
Warning: The Department of National Health and Welfare advises that danger to health increases with amount smoked.
30,1973
they lack the information and critical analysis that is so vital in order for them to function properly. Directly related to this, is the fact that student representatives are always responding ‘to’ administrative decisions not initiating new areas of critical discussion. Secondly, is the inability of student representatives to appeal to their constituents for support, and for any Council to be effective it must rely upon active and demohstra.ble
occur is an understanding of the university power structure. From my experience it appears that decision-making at the university is a two-fold process. It happens at an informal level: the department chairman and a few of his colleagues, the dean and a few of his friends, and the president and
‘dead’
march
for its programmes. cannot
be viewed
(Non as
support.) The combined effect of these two factors is that studeMs’ Councils are always fighting a ‘rear guard action’ and as such any concessions they do manage of the university be minor. Subunder this ap-
proach is not possible. The second area whereby it is believed that students c& in1 fluence decisions is at the university government level, that is the senate and the board of governors. It has been suggested that the recent addition of students to various university decision-making bodies will alter the student status-that he will no longer be without power. The change, however, is more apparent than real. In numerical terms, the extent of student participation is insignificant and as such the voting behaviour of student representatives will be of no consequence to the decisions made. In fact, the addition of students to senate and board of governors could possibly retard the process of reform. The university officials will be able to point to student members and argue that ‘students were consulted’ and the majority of students will be able to ‘cop out’ from actively engaging the unversity in discussion because their representatives both at students’ Council level and the senate and board of governors level are doing it for them. The point that has to be made then is that notwithstanding the recent changes in university government, the student remains basically powerless in relation to the university and despite Council’s efforts the student does not yet play a significant role, either directly or through its representatives in shaping his educational environment. What I am proposing is not a negation of the role of students’ Council or student representatives but an increase in their potential for change. How I see this being done is to engage more students directly in confrontation with the university. I believe the area to do this is at the department level, the base of the formal university hierarchy and the area in which the informal decisionmaking network has predominante. I am advocating the development of course unions where students in a given discipline can come together to discuss areas of mutual concern and create a strategy whereby they can get involved with their department to a degree that they can exercise control. It is important to note that in many cases it is at the department level that budget preparation begins. It is also the area where discussion of the curricula (prerequisites, required courses, etc.) begins, as well as the development of hiring and firing and a number of other topics that
These feedback
course to
’
unions can the central
orgatQtation through the biweekly meetings of the constituents and-or through their respective societies. The Federation should be ready to support the course unions in times of crisis and if necessary, mobilize its resources
to insure
the success
of th& group. (NOTE: The recent case of the Planning Students to reject Saltsman as head of the department. The Federation should be prepared to take up these issues.)
Students representation On the question of student iepresentation on university committees,. a few points should be kept in mind. First of all the Federation should determine what committees it wants students on. A person’s resources can be better used than by sitting on an insignificant committee. However, for this to be done, the Federation must have a working knowledge of the univerSity power structure and the committees that are important. In regard to university wide bodies such as the senate and the board of governors, there results no major gairis from the meetings and lobbying, and preparation of briefs. (Federation brief to the Private Bills Committee on the University of Waterloo Act) that is necessary when demanding increased student representation. However futile that activity appears to be, it should be continued for two reasons: 1) the resulting publicity, and more important, 2) the knowledge of university affairs that is gained and can be passed on to students. There are, however, faculty councils where students should exercise more control. This is an area where the Federation, in cooperation ,with’ th,e societies, should push student representation to its limits. The task as outlined in the preceding pages is monumenta I
and
the
possibility
of
ac-
complishing even half ’ of the suggestions is minimal. However, a set of priorities developed from the above list I believe will be helpful and the possibility of success in a few key areas will be enhanced. Also, the more students that are actively involved in the organization, and the more open the Federation is to newcomers (of great importance is the bringing in of first and second year students) the more the Federation can accomplish. The goals that I have discussed cannot be accomplished in one year, but a programme that develops some continuity from year to year will, I believe, ensure success both at the short-term and long-term goal5 level; both at the individual student level and the institutional level. @.a
’
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friday,
march
30,1973
the chevron
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Nothing was said about what be of interest to people, such as in de&h analvses of various local political situations. Rather, the method of interesting the public was to provide something marketable : the major traffic accident is more ‘interesting’ to the public than news from the local school board; this was the judgement of one of the local ‘journalists’. Sensationalism is an “abuse” to be avoided; marketability, however, takes precedence. For economic reasons the newscast is kept short and the news staff small. Radio is “immediate, rapid, frequent and quick”, but depth and accuracy seem to take a back seat to the ‘hot’ news item. In a short period, in capsulized form, the news media claims to provide a perspective on events which affect people’s lives. Yet, how is an accurate and worthwhile view possible with such a scarcity of help and time given to presentation? The guiding principle for local coverage seemed to be print the local story before the regional or outside story if both have the same topic, but print the most “newsworthy” story in any case. If there is a Kitchener bank robbery, it takes precedence over a Toronto robbery-unless the Toronto robbery involves a more exciting sum of money. Again, news is business and if the news media must neglect local affairs to attract advertising then it will. Pauley spoke of smaller weekly tabloids having a bigger role in local news gathering. In this case, papers like the Waterloo Chronicle will b&ome viable news sources. The question which remains is why the K-W Record and K-W’s CHYM and K-W’s CKCO exist if not to provide the people of the area with an in-depth view of local affairs. As it is, the local media’s treatment of national and international news is just a review of national news media stories, should
------d
K-W media
Market the news The Man-Environment seminar “News Gathering Process in the KW Media” held tuesday afternoon was, in the words of one who attended, “all very well but. . . . ” Bill Semple and Glen MacDonald attempted to present a view of local news gathering practices. It was accurate in providing an overview of the technical processes of gathering ‘news, but incomplete and shallow in virtually ignoring the problem of media as business. Apart from a brief discussion of the K-W Record’s notorious handling of the Oxlea-Eaton affair, there was no mention of the constraints imposed upon news coverage by the owners and the publishers, and their comrade in profit, the business community. Bill Semple and Glen MacDonald attempted to present a view of local news gathering practices. It was accurate in providing an overview of the technical processes of gathering news, but incomplete and shallow in virtually ignoring the problem of media as business. Apart from a brief discussion of the K-W Record’s notorious handling of the Oxlea-Eaton affair, there was no mention of the constraints imposed upon news coverage by the owners and publishers, and their comrade in profit, the business community. Some questionable opinions were stated or implied during the seminar. Semple and MacDonald, concerned with the effect of the news media on public opinion, claimed, after studying the K-W situation, the media will only effect people on issues about which they have already formed an opinionthat is news generally serves to support rather than refute one’s already formulated viewpoint. And from three local newsmen in attendance-Barry Pauley (CHYM), Doug McLaren (CKCOCFCA) and George Motz (K-W Record&came the standard comment on news coverage; “as objective as possible”. During discussion about the Oxlea incident, Mote continued: “in some ways there was maybe a bit of suppression of the news”. Apparently, there are times when objectivity and the news business are just incompatible. Avoiding bias is impossible with any communication form. All three men would agree to the extent a reporter cannot be purely objective in his observations of an incident. However, it is the general political bias of a news organ that is usually not mentioned; acting out the role of the “good corporate citizen”, in the words of Sandy Baird of the K-W Record (in reference to Oxlea). One considers a newspaper, radio or television is objective if it does not take a hardline stance on a particular situation--or apparently so. A person usually doesn’t realize what the organ doesn’t say or how it ’ presents what it does cover. This is a subtle bias, easily denied by newsmen who still maintain their first allegiance: the selljng of newspapers and advertising.
-
--
--
which are shallow 1 a. themselves representations of actual events. an hour,M, (all this came to an endAfterGeorge )tz was asked to explain the p rinciple [‘of the 61a good corporate newspaper the asdefl citizen”, ense given by the Record during th ie Oxlea affair. He said the newspap er was acting as a good citizen in t;hat it helped the Oxlea developn lent to happen. People like she upping malls, so helping Oxlea u eras providing the people with wha .t they want. And providing the Fleople with what mnrlia ;E c1AA ~11 they want is wha 1)c thn Cal- 11AbUIQ IU about
I
l
’
4udlev
WARNING:
The Department
of National Health and Welfare advises increases with amount smoked.
- Daul .
that danger to health
I
Savi-our. continued
from
T
page 3
la
Service
Inner-directed individual spiritual change (or ‘selfdefinition’), however interesting, and/or self-gratifying does r not alter the physical reality. Replacing the loss of privacy (in the sense of the entrepreneurial rugged individualism Gordon seemed to lament) with a metaphysical inward search for our own ultimate being would lead only to a further loss of individual self-determination. The highest of moral and spiritual sensibilities do not affect the real power relations of social control. Societal change and the rtiirection of technology to service ,the majority of people depends on the discovery of a commonality of exploitation-and of collective power. In other words, it is the development of a selfconscious class consciousness that is required if the alienated, exploited and powerless are to seize the purse and the strings now under the control of the small class and its ideology that rules our country and our lives. -liz
5
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friday,
march
30,1973
’
’I
-
the chevron
_ 1 I
’
._
on the recommendation of Nash, ‘\ on the recommendation of the school, etc” He “would not . recommend a candidate that nobody wanted.” As far- as any “permanent” regional planning or in a closely . director goes, Nash seemed to be related discipline; three, that he four, concerned that the choice still be have Canadian experience; sought, and that some concensual that he share with the school and recommendation be made as soon the division of environmental as possible. In this light he wanted studies their concern with broad - pi ekes / r , the existing search committee to environmental issues; and five, continue seeking out candidates that he be prepared to commit until some decision. is made. That himself fully to the administrative, continued from page 1 one of the student members of that tea’ching, and research function of committee would be graduating in ‘the school. selection and appoint another june did not seem to alter his plans Another suggested criterion was to any extent. Asked whether an that some consideration be made interim director. The faculty presented the following motion to interim choice would be made if on the grounds of citizenship in I the search committee did not come light of the fact that “the the dean of Environmental up with an acceptable candidate university is tending to take a+ Studies, Peter Nash: “The Committee j proposes that an Ac- /before june 30, Nash said, “If we stronger stand in regard to Canfind the right guy before june 30, he dian citizenship”. The’ issue .which ting Director be appointed from within the School of Urban and will take over then, if not, an acting arose over the S%ltsman choice director will be chosen.” was that he did not meet most of Regional Planning, effective July Presumably the lesson learned these criteria, not the least of . 1, 1973 until a Director is appointed, but whose term as Acting during the controversy over the which was the fact that he was-an will leave a engineer, and not Canadian.’ Director will not extend beyond 30 choice. of Saltsman June, 1974.” mark upon the direction of the The Saltsman controversy has, if school’s administration for a short nothing else,* established the fact Concomitant with the above time at least.‘ The criterion that any future policy decisions position, is a desire to maintain the as guidelines for i the made within the school, especially search committee intact until it adopted choice will have to be adhered to at such a fundamental level as the ‘has found an acceptable director. I As far as the appointment of- the somewhat more than in the case of, choice of the director will have to adopted take into account the voice of the acting director is conFerned; the Saltsman. These criteria, students. Nash’s ambivalent . only provision made in the motion by the search committee in the ’ was that the school recommend the early summer of 1972, were as position on the choice of the person follows: one, that the candidate be to manage the school- after june candidate to the vice-president 30-interim director or notacademic of the university, a planner with professional and Howard Petch. ’ academic experience who has indicates his desire to cool the administrative capabilities; two,, atmosphere. But the Saltsman When asked about the situation, exercise has had some effect. Nash was lessthan certain, and as that he have a degree-preferably -Ljohn l&yes he put it, he wanted to let “things a graduate -degree in urban and \ cool down for a while”. \ Presumably the decision on the Wally Seccombe interim director would, at some Graham Barker point, go through his office, and it and Jennifer Penney, could be assumed that he would have some say in the choice. Authors of “The Developers” However; Nash would not state I Canadian Dimension (current issue); and of L whether or not he would bemaking High Rise and Super Profits, DumontPress, _ .forthcoming. ’ the decision (a move definitely _ _ 5 ?. P within his grasp) and effectively . - will give an informal talkon : -’ ‘t,. . &cumvented making a definite THE HOUSING CRISIS AND THE Di&ELOPEiES .I 6 statement on the, decision. -- Pressed for some information, Tuesday, April 3 at 1 pm *. -Nash said that “the appointment L ’ . Humanities 345 , ~would be made by Burt Matthews, -r
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friday, .-
-
NOTICE OF OPENING OF NOMINATIONS
Nominations will be open from March 9 for one week for the following positions on the Arts Vice-President Secretary Treasurer Nomination forms may be picked up at the Federation of Students office. Completed forms must be in no later than 5 p.m., March 16, to the Critic-at-Large, Federation off ice.
tvvoc FRIDAY
Federation flicks. Performance with Mick Jagger and The Big Bounce with Ryan O’Neil. 8pm AL1 16.75 cents U of W undergrads; $1.25 others. Sponsored by Federation of Students. Kinesiology Students Association pub. Everyone welcome. 8: 30pm food services. 50 cents kin students; $1 others. Anthopology Club presents guest speaker Richard B. Lee. Topic: The future of hunting and gathering. 8: 30pm SSc350 Films, speakers-Canadian Indians. 12-4 campus centre. , University Women’s Club book sale, First United Church Hall, King and William, Waterloo. Noon til 10pm. Canadian Intercollegiate Bridge Championships. Further information contact U of T, Hart House 928-5361.
march
SO,1973
-
This week on campus is a free column for the announcement of meetings, special seminars or spetiikers, social events and other happenings on campus-student, faculty or staff. See the chevron secretary or call extension 233 1. Deadline is tuesday afternoons by 3 p.m.
SATURDAY National Secretaries
association.-
theatre of the Arts. Federation Flicks. Performance with ‘Mick Jagger and The Big Bounce with Leigh Taylor Young. 8pm AL116. 75cents U of W undergrads; $1.25 others. Sponsored by Federation of Students . Canadian Intercollegiate Bridge Championships. Further information contact U of T, Hart House 928-5361. University Women’s Club book sale, First United Church Hall, King and William, Waterloo 9am to noon. SUNDAY
Johnny and the Stark Nakeds concert “Conversations” 8:30pm CC113. Free admission. Canadian Intercollegiate Bridge Championships. Further information contact U of T, Hart House 928-5361.
Federation flicks. Performance anb The Big Bounce. 8pm AL116.75 cents U of W undergrads ; $1.25 others. Sponsored by Federation of Students. U of W Climbing Club 1st annual rock climbing school. Learn to rock climb. No experience necessary. Bring lunch, running shoes or hiking boots. Meet parking Lot B 8am. MONDAY Jazz discussion
group. Blues Like Showers of Rain by Barry Elmes. 8pm Story Room, Kitchener Public Library. Gay Liberation Movement meeting. 8pm CC1 13. Policy formation meeting. Circle K club meeting. CC135 6pm. Everyone welcome. Dept. of Human Rolations, Romance Languages and Sociology colloquium. Roberto Fernandez-Retamar, U of La Habana. Topic: Notes on Revolution and Literature in Cuba. 2:30pm HUM334.
airplanes WW Airport
Radio control
7:30pm
club meeting.
TUESDAY
Youth for Life general meeting. Guest speaker Dr. De Marco. 8pm Glen Acres Baptist Church, corner Alice and Hartwood, Kitchener WEDNESDAY
Free campus centre movie Putney Swope and a special added attraction for your enjoyment. 9pm. THURSDAY
Federation Flicks. Last weekend of term Galia with Mirielle Cart and More with soundtrack by Pink Floyd. Restricted. 8pm AL116. 75cents U of W undergrads; $1.25 others. Sponsored by Federation of Students.
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What on earth is ROSC? Among other things, it’s a little house in Toronto that is the rock bottom place to buy travel. AOSC stands for Association of Student Counci Is, a non-profit organization owned and operated by the student bodies of 60 Qnadian campuses. As a student who may be thinking about going somewhere sometime, you are eligible for all kinds of special privileges and services you probably don’t even know about. You see, AOSC’s principal function is to make available to students the best, most economical travel arrangements possible. The idea is to provide buck.
a service, not make a
And it shows. You’re
offered
the lowest dependable
VANCOUVER: AOSC, Room 1008, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C. (604) 224-0111
airfares available, on 40 charters flying between April 30 and October 5. For example - jet Toronto to London from $86 one way, or $155 return; Vancouver to London from $225 return or $125 one way. Through AOSC’s affiliation with the international network of student organizations, you have access to another 5,000 special flights originating all over the world. All in all, this results in some fairly ible deals.
incred-
Say, for example, you wanted to fly Toronto-Hong Kong return. A normally-routed ticket tiould take you westward and allow one stopover . . . for about $1,200. AOSC can fly you the long way, through Europe, with stopovers, for $600. Such fare savings of up to 75% make your flying a dirt-cheap proposition.
TORONTO: AOSC, 44 St. George Street, Toronto 5, Ontario (416) 9628404
a magazine of
AOSC also offers a wide variety of land arrangements, all specially designed for students, all ridiculous bargains. For example, you can spend 22 days in Turkey for $235 . . . sail the Greek Islands for a week on $54. . . or go on a 72-day camping safari from London to Katmandu, 10,000 miles, for about $400. If you’re thinking of travelling, there is more you should know about. A whole lot more: lists of student restaurants and hotels, Eurail pass deals, special car-leasing arrangements, overseas job opportunities, the International Student Card . . . AOSC.
It’s your travel bureau.
Use it.
Why not pick up more specific information from your student council office. Or, contact
us direct.
HALIFAX:
AOSC, Dalhousie Student Union, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia (902) 424-2054
of students will be available next week at the federation office, student villages, church colleges, the book barn, the maker rm. 228, campus centre.
I
I
friday,
march
the chevron
30,1973
9
IRA
4
British ‘solutions’ worthless
The British White Paper on Ireland released=last week is not acceptable to the people of Northern I reiand. Both protestants and Catholics have strongly stated their opposition to the “solutions” put forward by the British government. And, although the chasm between protestant and catholic shows little sign of being bridged, both have, surprisingly, made the same essential criticism-a solution which is imposed by Britain and which doesn’t provide for &itain’s , withdrawal from Irish affairs is not acceptable. The White Paper, which has been ready since early january, has been released now after an intense publicity campaign by British authorities to ‘clear the way’ for the easy implementation of the proposals in the paper. The culmination of that campaign was the border plebiscite of march 8, a smoothly produced propaganda tool of the British
shaped (or distorted) by the commercial media. The press coverage with which we are constantly fed makes no distinction between Republican, Official IRA, Provisional I RA, Civil Rights Demonstrator, or, for that matter, anyqne who happens to be catholic in Northern Ireland. All are branded as sectarian, extremist, minority elements of Ulster’s catholic population.
The White Paper was not released the fact that physical force is not by Heath’s government until the whole answer. Under present march 2%after the march 8 conditions physical force >as a plebiscite. strategy only leads to increasingly It is also necessary to get some useless bloodshed. The real needs many idea of who the Republican of Catholics (and protestants)-for decent housing, Movement represents in order to understand the language and jobs, power over their own lives, intent of the statement. This is and freedom from sectarian not such an easy task when ,most I persecution - are becoming less of ou’r understanding of the and less visible, in the eyes of movement in Northern Ireland is many cathol its, through the
cloud of ‘physical force’ which the Proves throw over the struggle. ..
county state] as envisaged by William Craig [a leader of Protestant-based, sectarian Ulster Volunteer Party and the Ulster Defence Regiment]. Their primary immediate concern is the ending of bombings, assassina tions , sectarian conflict, jailings, tortures, British army murders and harassment. The British Government plebiscite on the border will have as much relevance to the real for needs and rights of the people as William Whitelaw’s talks [involving the main political parties of Northern Ireland * but no total “unity members of the republican and clarity behind their ob- movement] at Darlington last September had. believe that the only real .‘u+au ,undamental talks that can & .:.&%l must take place in Ireland kose between Irish people, &ic, Protestant and tit&, and that Britain’s HXY is neither required nor 4& ..Republic an9 will totally 3 ‘any plebiscite on the r,.@d call on all Irish people @ott it. ’ Eional Unity and Into Republicans i.’ ,,&.s;& hdence of Catholic, unity 3.” Er&estant and Dissenter in the ;le for the re-conquest of d by her people. It does not s&nple territorial unity and ii.. not mean unity of two ‘@tablishments. It means &ty of workers, small & and men of no property. gblicans oppose completely rule or . :.:.. tncepts of Catholic ~~:~;:@@stant rule, and re-state the .._,.:$(:::~+epublican principle of a secular r’:.~:,~~~.~:~~~~,::~~~~ “.society with guarantees of civil .:... , .,+ :_:,:_ :,;.... i,..-‘;1’.,..f. “’ ‘.‘..:.G.: +.+;,.:.; ::I’:.’ confusion and &su~$pd,<T&pp~are and religious libertv and to fight clear in their opposition to against all legal or constitutional continued British control of their enactments which are in conflict lives and future destiny, but with these principles. many are opposed to the “Free There is only one issue on State” concept of a republic as which practically everyone in exemplified by the Lynch Ireland is agreed. We do not want Government, and are also op to be ruled by Britain. This fact posed to the sectarian concept must therefore be made clear and UDI [Ulster Declaration of Inemphatic. All should unite on the dependencethe formation of a demand “Britain get out”. new and separate six or nine-continued on page 11
The blican nent
811-
our
~&y;$r’@~~~e
south
of .. i :... ‘..
together,
the $@&r&I’s (:..:L .:.“:..: ,,,..:.: being
the
leadershipca&&$&$‘thebroader based moveme~~$~‘$o it is these two groups, the officials with a program of socialist development for Ireland, and the broader based Republican Movement who are issuing the following statement. -bill aird
B
10
friday,
the chevron dlaqsified ads are accepted between 9 and 5 in the chevron office. See Charlotte. Rates are 50 cents for the first fifteen words and five cents each per extra word. Deadline is tuesday afternoons by 3 p.m. All classifieds must be prepaid.
* LOST Silver I.D. bracelet with inscription “The B.B.” tuesday in math, phys., or eng.? 576-2229. One pair men’s gold, wire-rimmed eyeglasses. Phone 744-9557. Attention Env. St 400 Students the return of a light brown sweater-lost at the faculty club on march 15 would be greatly appreciated. 744-4087. Wednesday march 21 evening in Social Sciences building ladies black Buxton wallet. Keep money but please return papers and identification. Call Karen in Guelph 519-822-8006.
Sail the Caribbean aboard 43’ Trimaran Yacht special rate $500 apiece-per month-all inclusive. Write P 0 Box 1235, Guelph, Ontario. Phone (519) 821-3412. Essay Services, a complete essay service company. Monday-friday 310pm; Saturday-Sunday loam-10pm. 300 Avenue Road, Toronto 7, Ontario (416) 961-6150. We also do typing. Research in stuttering. Volunteers who stutter are needed. Very little time involved. For information contact Irwin Altrows, HUM290-C. 885-1211 ext 3 140 or 884-4668. Free puppies. Half labrador, half collie. Farm house definitely preferred. Phone 884-3805 ask for Bryan.
Motorcycle-helmet; medium size; $30; light metal-flake blue colour. Ask for Len at 884-7151. 1972 360 Yamaha RT-1, 2300 miles, excellent condition. $725 or best offer. 884-4057 or 884-2784. 66 VW stationwagon; 67,000 miles; radio, gas heater. $275. Call 576-8435. Stereo set including Sherwood S-3300 tuner. Bynaco Pat-4, stereo-80 amplifiers, A-25 speakers, AR turntable. $580. 884-2323 evenings. 1972 Combat Norton, immaculate. 8,200 miles. 477 Parkside Dr, apt 103. Lakeshore Village. 6:30 pm to 9:30 pm weekdays anytime weekends. 1965 Volvo Canadian, 73 plates, good condition, safety check, asking $600. Ca II 884-7895.
FOR SALE
PERSONAL
TYPING
Stereo system, only amplifier, turntable, speakers needed. Would buy if good condition, reasonable price. 8847091. Overland expedition to Afghanistan and the Hindu Kush Mountains via Europe, Turkey and Iran. Departs June 4. $600 plus $215 return flight Toronto-London. Phone Tony or Liz (416) 922-5006.
1964 Rambler, automatic, radio, new plates. 7 glass-belted tires (2 snows). Good running condition. As is $250. 578-0049 after 6pm. One ticket to Grateful Dead-New Riders concert in Buffalo Saturday (tomorrow). Calf 745-2003. One male Abyssinian kitten (registered) A rare cat. Phone 8849142.
Having a bike is a bit like having a dog. Be faithful to it, and it will be faithful to you. A two-stroke plays hard, so you’d better feed it right. That’s what Castrol’s Injector Oil is all about.
Motorcycle
Keeping the heart of your bike (its engine) strong and healthy.
Will do typing. Lakeshore Village. 884. 3466. Would like typing to do at home. 7443428. Fast, efficient, reasonable typing. Joyce Mason 576-6387. All typing done effkiently and promptly. Call Mrs Wright 745-1111 9-4pm; 885-1664 evenings.
-
So your two-stroke third stroke.
HOUSING
AVAILABLE
Four bedroom townhouse, partly furnished. $180 monthly. Jamie Mannion, 5100 Albert Street. 8843468. Couple (two people) required for large room in friendly townhouse southern exposure, pool, corner Albert-Weber, summer term. $37.50 month each plus utilities. 885-1607. Beautiful house, central, spacious. May-august. $150 Near Farmer’s Market. Gupta ext 3962 or 578-7941. Townhouse to rent, May 1 to september 1, 3 bedrooms, basement, cable, carpet. One mile from campus. Only $160 per month. Phone 884-4903 or write G. Brown, 525F Sunnydale PI, Waterloo. Staying in Waterloo anytime during this summer? Don’t forget us. We offer a good place to stay at a good price. Special rates for summer school from $95 up. Co-op in Summer 73. 280 Phillip Street. 884-3670. Four to five bedroom house available from May to September. Rent is $175 month. Good location. Bridgeport and Weber across from Towers Plaza. Call 742-0067.
doesn’t
have a
The whole range of Castro1 products, from GTX for 4-cylinder models to Shockol and Chain Lube, has been developed for the same reason. To keep your bike in the best of health. And you out of trouble.
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Two bedroom furnished apartment may to September. $140 monthly close to university. 578-1037. Take partin a better way of living. Join the sunshine at Co-op in Summer 73. Apartment to sublet. Summer term 2 large bed rooms, 2 bathrooms, 2 minutes from Westmount Place. 10 minutes from campus. Rent negotiable. Phone 745-8562. Three bedroom townhouse May 1 to august 30 partly furnished. Rent negotiable. It’s a bargain. Write to D. Smyth, 529-C Sunnydale Place, Waterloo. 884-0363. Partly furnished summer apartment to sublet, 3 bedroom, 2 washrooms, sauna, cable. Greenbriar Apartments. Rent negotiable. 578-8497. Convenience. Apartment beside Westmount Plaza. Ample room for four. 2 extra large bedrooms, 2 bathrooms. $11.50 each weekly all inclusive AND free parking, cable television, large balcony, laundry facilities on every floor. 744-5935. More for your money. Fully furnished large 2 b,edroom apartment. Rent negotiable. Perfect location. Call now 884-0494. For summer 73, Co-op is the place to be. Waterloo Co-operative Residence, 280 Phillip Street. 884-3670. Sacrifice $99, May to august, 2 bedroom, pool, sauna, free parking, cable, originally $165. Off University Avenue by Parkway, 295 Dale Crest. Apt 312. London, sublet, May-September, large, 2 storey, 3 bedroom, furnished apartment, close to bus, stores, downtown. Call Keith 885-l 147. Share flat april 1st till September. $45 per month. Ten minutes from university. 743-9754 Dave. Three bedroom townhouse to sublet may to September. Swimming pool, next to Parkdale Plaza, easy hitchhiking, rent negotiable. Call 884- ’ 0269. Toronto-UW alumnus has .house five minutes walk from Donlands station (Earl Grey Road). Two furnished rooms (share kitchen and bathroom) are $13 and $15 weekly. Two unfurnished rooms (each with kitchen but share bathroom) are $20 and $25 weekly. Contact Bob (416) 466-2827 evenings. London, 4 bedroom house for rent, fully furnished, may-september, near down town and parks. $175. Call Ted 884-4504. Wanted: 2 roomates to share large all furnished 3 bedroom townhouse with 2 others from may 1 to august 30. Pool, parking etc. $100 month each pays rent, food, phone and hydro. No freaks or dopies. Call 884-7443 after 6pm. One person to share house with 4 others. Own bedroom $45 month. Call 744-4207 after 5 : 30pm. Student accomodations for summer term now renting at 189 Albert street. Light cooking facilities. Furnished apartment for rent, broadloomed, cable for TV, close to university. $10 per week. 576-4650. Single and double rooms for rent, summer term, excellent kitchen and laundry facilities,-male only. Call 8841381. Apartment to trade. McMaster student will trade two bedroom apartment in Hamilton for same in Waterloo from may 1 to September 1. Pool, sauna, underground parking, 10th floor of new highrise. $149 month. Negotiable. Call Jim 1-416-689-1487. after 6pm. Sublet one large bedroom, kitchen, living room. 5 minute walk to both universities. Only $151 per month. (may-august) Phone 884-9225. Two bedroom apartment for rent at Waterloo Towers. Available may to September. Rent negotiable. Phone 884-5670. Townhouse this summer, 2 bedroom and basement, swimming pool. $170 month and heat or haggle. Albert street. 885-0837. Do you have or want to look for an apartment in or near Mississauga! Call John 884-5559. HOUSING
OFF.THL?iiA~kKLES SUPPCRT FREEDOM O~CHOICE .’ :_
Castrol 011s fCanada) Llmlted I S a founder member ol MAMA 01 Canada (Motor Accessories Marketers Assoc
,
march
WANTED
Wanted to rent: Farmhouse or house. Phone Susan 885-0018 or 885-1211 local 2666. Professor and family seek accomoda tion septem ber to decem ber. 578-0695.
friday,
march
the chevron
30,1973
A Bill of Rights must be introduced and implemented immediately to guarantee civil and religious liberty and basic civil rights for all, and the immediate repeal of all repressive
worthies
.
The following positions will be open at Radio Waterloo as oftMay 1,1973
Technical
must pubhcly accept responsibility for the introduction and implementation of legislation which will eurantee civil and continued from page 9 ., . religious libe%y for all, and for Heath’s plan must be judged on proc@uT: ,no~..~.~.~:--.~~~~~~,~nt the repeal of all discriminatory this yardstick: does it provide for ~~t@~. :q@%+&@& .fq#’ I$o@+qd . laws at present in existence. The 26 County Government must also Britain getting out of Irish af- -&$&@&:.~~~m&~. ‘@&&$$~~~~~~~~ introduce and implement laws to fairs? If it does not, then it will.: ::~~~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~B,~~ prevent the exploitation of Irish clearly not be acceptable to the:..‘.‘~~~.:~~-..~~~~ t@&$&$.-&&$ :.%$&t assets and resources by British or mass of the Irish people no ..j,~~~.~~~j~~~~~‘.,.txi.:~~~~. &&&@& other imperial interests, matter how it may be welcomed ,;~~;~~~.~~~s.~~~.:~~~.~ .&5;‘r %hat--‘.:-the &&&&& :.,&f.:. .F$ng of working l That a conference of Irish by opportunist politicians. We believe there should. xi@. cl&& p@p& @%‘@ot; &.:@vmsely : $a&$es be convened by a neutral ‘. b&d$ &u& as the Irish Congress total concentration of ~$&~~~~, &&& :: ” ‘. “““.,:,_’ _. :‘:,,‘: j on common deman*‘:.. tti f&e ‘*‘%I;r;tuing, $@@$@$ the da.& .2&r. .of, TM&# Unions for the purpose ~~fn~,~~~~~e(.,.~.,‘~:~~~ f ‘, $otat. .*&h&r~wal, fr&&:....:. ...:;.“l.:;.i’: #&&$&&@1’a exclusion of :.,.;: : : ‘i.. :_ secular constitution that would &a& : && .I’:‘,$“~~.$&&:~$f& ‘.&unties solutions which may %&’ Q+&$&‘$$. ‘.‘I.@z+x$,; :;‘,‘I&it& on completion pa&qf~~G.~‘~~&$\ T~:~,~@&+&J:;,,~:~ :.‘,I:,., ~{>;.::/ ’ ‘i,j:.:;i 1.?-..i’,.,:“:’ ,‘~~$+Q&jj’~+&ative particular any ~Such pp&&&, ‘..‘C@: .:~;@&&&-~~:~~$$$j@+:: .,$&~~~.~~:$f j&i&@, withdrawal. organization. ~$$$&$g~~i$&@~~’aq&g~:~ __.‘:.::I:.::‘.:~..:.~ ,:,:;;,I11,‘: ..+:~~&/.@#;.for joint action by the while they may be helpf$ ,&$&a British Government,: ,: t$&&:i;~;.~&i .;t&j. .wae:.g$ in~~~~~~.~~~~..,:~~~’ : .:&$j& ~,p$;. .3&i& Trade u&n : :. :‘.‘: and djg&ty .’ in p&&$& @ison&; confusion %X~vemont~, to halt escalating s&+a.r$,ati,~m and prevent all-out Ireland. In any case, I!?M&& X&I .&l Grsnt a gene& am&s&y fo$ impose whatever sol&&%$.‘;,.&&s $&.i \oFfenses &&&@ from....@@. :,-+$%&@ .1warfare by giving _’ her interests. Let us be ~~~~~~,...~.~~~~~tance ag&&$~j$-itish f&&&, ~~.~,~~~@.&~$@ to workers at street .;_ .~~:‘,‘. ‘.“.I’ ““.’L is in ok interests. or through $$+@@ment in the :.‘&nd %&tory level and by sup’ The only long-term solution Civil Disobe&i+@e Campaign porting the struggle for democracy at the local level, both which will be in the interests of [organized by “.%$e civil rights North and South. the Irish working class is the movement]. establishment of a Democratic 32 -BiwG6b6 County Socialist Republic. Any interim solution which arises out of the present ‘crisis must guarantee the freedom of the Irish people to move towards this objective. Clearly, as with the I British-imposed arrangement of 3 1920, any solution which advocates the continuation of a Six ! or Nine County Ulster state, whether it has constitutional links with Britain or not, must be rejected. &HE
Director
(30 weeks)
.
s
Technician
Secretary
(17 weeks)
(52 weeks)
FVhiplash
Manager-’
(50 weeks)
Applications should be made in writing to: David Assmann, Chairman of the Board of Communications Federation of Students, University of Waterloo. The deadline for applications is Monday, April 22. If you would like to discuss job requirements, please attend the Board of Communications meeting on Wednesday, April 14.
mBtwow)B
,
J.
32 KING ST. E. KITCHENER
I ’
Y ORDER
The Republican demands
YOU
OF-
Five or Ten
Government, having clearly demonstrated that they are in conflict with the demands of all sections of the Irish peopIe, publicly commit themselves to a total withdrawal of its military and political control from the Six County area on an early specified date and that they begin the necessary l
That
the British
MIDNIGHT FRI & SAT
.A DAY Al THE RACES
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friday,
the chevron
TERMPAPERS SERVICE (Reg’d) A Canadian Company ’ PAPERS ON FILE ’ $1.85 PER PAGE, OR Custom Fade orders, at reasonable cost, prepared by our staff of college graduates. 416-638-3559 (Toryto),
30,1973
PSYCHOLOGY 363 The dope course, will meet ONCE MORE this semester, Monday, Apr. 2, midnight, at The Picture Show, 6 Princess St. W. in Waterloo, to see “Gimme Shelter.” ONE CHANGE: it will cost 75 cents to get in, and people on the class list will be admitted first. Fred Kemp
Suite 906( W) 12 Goldfinch Ct.
WHtowdak
march
Ont.
Rip off Europe.’ -
Graduate portraits in colour Fast service, low prices, top quality, on campus Another service of the Federation of Students. For information, call 885-0370 or ext. 2405 or drop in at the Federation office to see samples.
1 T)row~ytos~Curoporrit~tt~@101o8t~ri8t. sTu~RAlLp#ss ’
Stu&nt-Railpass is valid in Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
’
France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland.
l I
Eurrilpass,
:
Please send me your free Student-Railpass form. 0 Or your free Eurailpass folder with railroad -
I I Q
Box
2166,
Toronto
Norway,
1, Onbdo folder map.
order 0
Name
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So you plan to spend the Summer in Europe this year. Great. Two things are mandatory. A ticket to Europe. And a Student-Railpass. The first gets you over there, the second gives you unlimited Second Class rail travel for two months for a modest $135 in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Luxembourg,. Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland! All you need to qualify is to be a full-time student up to 25 years of age, registered at a North American school, college or university. And the trains of Europe are a sensational way to travel. Over 100,000 miles of track links cities, towns and ports all over Europe. The trains are fast (some over 100 mph), frequent, modern, clean, convenient
and very comfortable. They have to be. So you’ll meet us on our trains. It really is the way to get to know .\ Europeans in Europe. But there’s one catch. You must buy your Student-Railpass in North America before you go. They’re not on sale in Europe because they are meant strictly for visitors to Europe-hence the incredibly low price. Of course if you’re loaded you can buy a regular Eurailpass meant for visitors of all ages. It gives you First Class travel if that’s what you want. Either way if you’re going to zip off to Europe, see a Travel Agent before you go, and in the meantime, rip off the coupon. It can’t hurt and it’ll get you a better time in Europe than you ever thought possible. Prices quoted in U. S. dollars.
Ripping-off Europe? WALTERS CREDIT JEWELLERS LTD 151 GUELPH,
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Student Railpass available from AOSC.\ Association of Student Councils 44 St. George Street, Toronto 5, Ontario
(416)
962-8404
Also available: student flights to Europe and within Europe, car rentals, international ID cards, tours, student hostels and jobs abroad.
All at student
prices
.
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_ fridap,
march
30, ;1973
the chevron
I
13
US We can vya’it I n0 lon’gerl i . I
III Begging To Differ brings some insight about the matter of the determinations of language: 1. I, originally questioned the i emphasis given toianguage per se, as a. mode of communication. I think such an orientation to words and meanings greatly results from the situation that is created around ’ the operation of a newspaper. Nick . The night is gone and I am still becausethe tomorrow of yesterday and David sort of agree, stating awake, looking through the win- is today. We‘ have been waiting that they “wrote the article out of dow-the day is still dark-and long enough. Historical moments our own situation+nmesh&in a thinking what the hell is it we are do\not come by themselves; they determined language and forced to- doing here? My perspective on life .s:mustbe-sought. We must wake up use it to make sense of our own is s@ that in, the way things are and * see that- we are just lives”. I don’t find language going I am unable to do anything. “marionettes” in the hands of deterministic nor do I feel forced to The system makes me impotent; I _ those few who ’ maintain this make sense of my experience and do not have- any rights (I am an system of power for themselves lrealities in such / a reductionistic immigrant-I want to stay here; alone. How can man have the manner. And I think our different but I cannot) because someone privilege of saying what is wrong perspectives stem from our dif- else decides where I can stay or go. and what is right to other men in a ferent situations, past, present and Don’t tell me the same old bullshit, time when wrong or right is so even future; which is not at all to. that there are laws, because I will difficult to differentiate? espouse a crude . enviromental answer there is the “human - In reference to laws we should’ determinism. I think, ultimately, being”-mcl which is more im- remember that the classical and those who reduce experience to a p&ant, the law or the “human most perfect expression of law is determined language choose to do b&g”? * found in Plato, and in that form it so,or at least have the choice not to This ‘society with its laws’ and gained universal acceptance do so. prohibitions rewards us for throughout the christian world. 2. The Dying Art came out over a becoming more alienated; laws According to that conception, the month ago. My response was in the are no ‘more than words and law may be viewed either in light chevron offices before the next \ concepts .$h& .~so&&6i else ‘A>of,iti :principles or in light of its issue. It took several weeks for thought ,were.good for him in that ’ consequences. The law. is not a them to decide whether or not to particular space and time4nd primary but a secondary or How to loosen .the‘word noose altered since The Dyiug Art of publish it. We had two lengthy time intrinsically is not delegate power dependent on a around our necks? How to start to Language, but the -dialectic bet- chats about the original piece and* motionless. Where will \ all ’ this supreme principle which is the disentangle issues (one level of ween position and criticism __.-.- - is my response, I first read Begging drive us? Day after day, I see Good. ’ \The law is ‘ only a abstraction) from images (another I Z&%&j@%nied. ’ To Differ in last week’s chevron, people increasingly unhappy with representative of the Good, in a level), as one beginning? Hay , to , 2. I suggested that we need to which says a great ,deal about how ’ the way things are going (what is world where the Good has more or use words to reveal and com- know’how the situations in which highly structured, more traditional the point of sustaining something less been forsaken. “The righteous mu&ate the ongoing experiences people presently live conditions the ‘media mediates us. I am con- that cannot be sustained by itself? ) man obeys the lawsof the country of realities out of which the dif- uses a’nd meanings ‘of language, viilced that the orientation to I repeatedly ’ hear the same of his birth or residence and in so ferent issues and images, and and not look at advertising or language in The Dying Art and question: why am I doing this? I doing acts for the best.” In light of words and spaces between the education mainly in terms of the Begging to Differ is itself con- cannot be myself, I do not have Kant we see a radically new apwords, arise? How to desublimate symbolic. The response, in several ’ tingent upon an unfortunate control over my own thoughts, proach, a.conception in which the symbolism, to gain both com- places,claims to accept. this centralization of decision-making, mindor body. * ‘- law is no longer dependent on the munity and communication? * ’ orientation, but then relegates, and will be found wherever such a I think that by now we should be Good, but, on the contrary, the ’ Obviously I use words differently seemingly to dismiss (?I such a determination occurs. Com- tired of all this farce. We know that Good itself is based on the law. We than Nick Savage and David study to those,“with a little more municating (which we see is dif- this game isover. Why are we still can no longer say that the ferent from writing) across playing it? We have.been spoiling righteous man obeys the law for Cubberley, authors of The Dying academic repose”. Art of Language, ‘aqd Begging to 3. I raised the m,atter of structures is indeed a difficult our “beingness” just to maintain the sake of the best. Obedience in the privilege of a few. It does not the face of the law no longer gives Differ.‘ From inside their sym- - specialized languages and com- endeavour ’ I. , bolisms (of experiences of par- munication, suggesting that IV. Along with the -deter-, matter whether the parties are a feeling of righteousness, “for the ticular realities), my symbolism without looking at the structural minations of language, the liberal, conservative, new more virtuous a man is, the more (of experience of particular -and ideological determinations of relevance of our uses of language democrat or whatever; all of them distrustful is the behaviour of his realities) seems to be reduced to language in this society, we could for social changes is at the core of will just perpetuate the rat race consciencetowards him”. +eud) If we remember Kafka’s The dichotomies” ; not-making a “close not determine the meanings being this discussion: 1. I believe that we because this is the only-way that Trial, we note the way in which he reading”; ‘ ‘accusing” ; ‘ ‘sheer communicated. The response took need to make language a more they can exist. _ one sentence from this discussion, conscious activity, but am skepWe are here seeing everything showsthe humour and irony within -1 nonsense”; “either-or polarities” ; falsely claimed that I agree with it tical: that “Linguistic refinement wasted and spoiled for nothing. We law and that even guilt and punishj an “inaccurate reading”; “much as a generatization: and then goes or conscious linguistic use” is are reading about it and are seeing ment do not give us the answers to potentially valuable insight”; “paraphrasing”; making “un- on to quote from their original’ sufficient. Language can be used and feeling it. We are already the meaning of law. De Sade too of tells us that law in all its formsjustified connections” p etc. “So be article to show they too agree with consciously for ‘many purposes, as feeling the effects of the misuse . natural, moral and political-just it”. A forthright, strong, clear, it. Here we have an excellent both the form and the content of our planet. We are viewing people being represents ’ the power of straighfforward, definitive string example of how languagetaken in Begging To Differ show. Until we of word-phrases, which come from and of itself (treated as content), understand how different, (con- killed and people dying of hunger. sovereignty and is always derived from the demands of conand evoke feelings; which, as my out of perspective let alone con-’ scious or otherwise) uses of What are we doing’ about this? language relate to various per- There is no way in which we can servatism. It is’irrelevant if law is body reads it all, attempt to level text, can miscommunicate. II. This levelling out of points, in sonal and political consequences, sustain -ourselves on this planet the power of the strong or the ‘out questions that need to be hit in the power of. the union of. weak, head on.. the name lof agreement or in- -which throws us back to e without involvement I hope we don’t lose sight of the tegration, seems to be ac- drawingboard, I don’t thi 2 the monetary system- and so we because the position of master and flow of events and symbolism that - complished by some common statement in Begging To Differ become a part of it. It makes me slave, strong and weak. are of , may yet improve and enlighten our “academic I tricks”. Two exam- that linguistic refinement can be a crazy to realize that many people secondary nature. We should be uses of language and ability and ples: 1. The ethic of com- method for transforming in- do not know that if we do ‘not able to recognize that laws-are the openess to communicate. But, to partmentalized analysis shines stitutions can, mean anything, become a part of this system we tyrant of the tyrant and the the extent that this is like a ping- through Begging To Differ: The concretely or programmatically. will die from starvation. What are tyrannized. pong game, with some of the ’ claim/is made that the’ original 2. I suggestedthat The Dying Art we doing about that? Accepting it! In present day society, the forebrain strain of chess, so be it. piece never intended to deal with had an elitist overtone. Forget the’ Wecried out shame on the feudal ’ relationship among individuals Such may be one way to alter the ’ “the factors”, I mention .-in ‘my word. Just look at the structure system for the way it exploited the revolves around economics and stasis that is quite typical in response. I was challenging the and function of the dominant peasant. Now the forms have sterile institutions. Personal contact between employer and wintered bureaucracies. main orientation to language, and media and then-tell me it can be changed but the exploitation Here I will simply try to place do not accept the appeal to used for enlightened “con- .,remains; the worker is forced in employee, clerk and client and. the somewhat fragmentary points specialized analysis as an sciousness-raising”. The fact that the name of free contract to accept landlord and tenant are . solely in Begging To Differ back into a adequate response. The Dying Art Begging To Differ ends up with the feudal obligations. @verything is economic in their nature. Evenin context for continued discussion. I generalized, terribly, and as such, media panacea suggeststo me that private property and we -must the most _Iimportant social will straddle between a discussion the claim to have narrow my initial critiques deserve at- accept this or die of hunger. As relationships of family members of form and content, going into “priorities for examination”,isn’t tention and that neither The ,Dying long as property exists so too will and friends, teachers and students neither in much depth. I have four acceptable. 2. The tendency to Art nor Begging. To Diffdr poverty and the legal right ‘of or doctors and patients the basic general things to say. (The matter impose dichotomies onto others adequately come to grips with property will propagate the patterns are designed to feelings of ownership and power. discourage ‘intimacy. Only in the of language & thought, and how and then claim they aren’t really ’ them. crosscultural and physiological opposites at all: Begging To Differ 3. Saying that “the highest We must recover our freedom, our relationships of close friends or knowledge bears upon approaches trips off into its own word games, function of the printed word” is to 7 self esteem5 our control of our lovers do we enjoy a contact with to linguistics cannot be dealt with assuming that I intended “un- “inaugurate change” may mean daily lives. We now have sufficient another person that is more than a derstanding” and “change” to be something other than -what it I resources for all and we must not formality. Only the r total . here:) I. First, some examples of how different essences, and then seems to say. That is always make exceptions for this or that elimination of the old institutions ’ will allow a new life to be built the use of language and the claiming that they are \ possible.‘But taken as it is, (as it nation, this or that man. fragmentary approach to criticism “synergistic” (their word). I do *-appears to me) it reeks of detach-’ We should demand and act upon which can protect mankind and all in Begging To Differ levels out my ’ not take or intend words as rigidly ment and objectification. I will! freedom for all; and only from the of nature. I’alone can do nothing but we, all critique : 1. I raised the matter of (as essences)and wonder how any trust analysis that comes out of ‘basis of freedom of the individual how cerebral-symbolic labelling is good communication is possible if social struggle, but not analysis can it be *achieved. Freedom’s these I’s together,’ can demand _ an aspect of our alienation from we are to continue with theLclever that purports to, in and of itself, ideals have no barriers; it must be together our true‘ liberty; true .other life-forms. Begging- To Differ uses of language that we have all have implications for change. So in always,fought for and can neither liberty is not just a piece of paper ignores this fundamentawint, the,end, this becomes a matter of be contained’ in a program or called a constitution, legal right or - learned. while claiming to generally agree In view of the above, I especially practice, not theory, which is, defined as a rule for the future. law. It is not an abstraction taken with what I stated about corn: wonder how I or anyone can take probably where we should end and The time has come when we from the unreal “being” called munication among other species. seriously the invitation for debate begin this discussion anyway. cannot wait any longer for “state. -henrique carvalho The tone and orientation has and-discussion in the chevron. b -jim harding tomorrows,tha t will never arrive-
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The law and - ’ order. boys -an
excerpt from An Unauthorized History of the RCMP by Caroline and Lorne Brown, being published by James, Lewis and Samuel.\
In 1904 the name North West Mounted Police was changed to Royal North West Mounted Police in recognition of service to the Empire. During the next few years the force underwent a period of expansion while the West was rapidly settled from 1900 to 1914. Then in 1905 Saskatchewan and Alberta achieved provincial status. When these new provinces retained the RNWMP to act in the capacity of provincial police rather than establishing new forces of their own, it looked as though the future of the force was assured in the west. The eastern provinces had provincial police forces and the Dominion Police, the latter having some jurisdiction throughout Canada though it was concentrated in the east. It specialized in enforcing federal acts and also operated as political police to keep an eye on subversives and other enemies of the prevailing system. For the first couple of years of World War I, both the Dominion Police and the RNWMP were kept extra busy. Social unrest which had been growing as the country . industrialized before 1914, increased with the strains brought on by the war. From the beginning there had\ been only lukewarm support for the war in Quebec and among certain sections of the labour and agrarian movements in English Canada. This significant minority increased in numbers and was further alienated by the way the war was conducted at home and abroad. On the home front profiteering, gross corruption, outrageous price increases and deteriorating working and living conditions became a national scandal. On the fighting front incompetent leadership and heavy casualties, sometimes caused, as in the case of the Ross rifle, by shoddy equipment supplied by friends of the government, caused much bitterness. The government did very little to curb profiteering and corruption, but a great deal to suppress critics of the war effort by using the War Measures Act to deny them their civil rights. Critics of the war and the way it was conducted included most quebecois and large numbers of reformers, socialists and pacifists in the trade union and farm movements across the country. The government attempted to silence such critics by means of strict censorship, internment, police harassment and propaganda branding critics of the war effort as unpatriotic and pro-German. The real crunch came with the imposition of military conscription under the Military Service Act in 1917. Conscription was anathema in Quebec and was opposed by a large and militant minority elsewhere. The federal government relied upon troops to maintain control in Quebec when the enforcement of conscription was met with demonstrations, riots and street fights. The government took dictatorial measures to combat draft evasion and criticism of conscription throughout Canada. Section 16 of the Military Service Act empowered the government, with the approval of the central appeal judge, to suppress any publication containing matters thought to hinder the operation of the act. This, along with regulations under the War Measures Act, made it extremely risky for anyone in militant opposition to conscription. That the authorities were prepared to use their increased power is indicated by the thousands of arrests. During 1917 and the first three months of 1918, 3,895 people were arrested on charges connected with anti-conscriptionist activity. Some received fairly lengthy prison sentences. A few were less fortunate and were seriously injured or killed while evading the draft or participating in anticonscription demonstrations. One case of what passed for justice involved Albert (Ginger) Goodwin, a past president of the British Columbia Federation of Labour and an organizer for the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers in 1918. Goodwin had been called before a conscription board in 1917 and placed in class D, that is, unfit for military service because of his health. Later while Goodwin was leading a strike of smeltermen in Trail, he was by a strange coincidence ordered to. report for immediate active service. Like hundreds of other opponents of the war, Goodwin went into hiding in the wilderness. On july 26, 1918, Goodwin was shot dead in the bush by officers of the Dominion Police who were searching for draft dodgers. This outrage provoked a one-day general strike throughout -much of British
Columbia. During the strike soldiers organized by city businessmen ransacked the Vancouver Labour Temple and badly beat at least two labour leaders. It fell to the RNWMP during the early part of the war to assist the Dominion Police and other forces in maintaining internal order and harassing opponents of the war effort. The RNWMP were still mainly in the Western provinces, though occasionally they lent personnel to the Dominion Police for use in other parts of Canada. In the western provinces they carried out investigations in districts where there were large numbers of “enemy aliens” and patrolled the international boundary with the United States. The United States was a neutral country until 1917 and the authorities feared, apparently quite unnecessarily, that German-Americans might make raids into Canada for the purpose of sabotage. The term “enemy alien” was used to refer to residents of Canada who had emigrated from countries controlled by Germany and Austria-Hungary. This included a large part of central and south-eastern E,urope and, after the Bolshevik revolution of 1917, the term was broadened to include as well all immigrants from countries and territories that had belonged to’ czarist Russia and were to become part of the Soviet1 Union. The so-called “enemy aliens” numbered in excess of 200,OOO in the Prairie provinces alone. They suffered considerable harassment during the war by the authorities and the super-patriots among the public. Hundreds were interned on, the grounds that they endangered or might endanger the war effort. Besides watching “enemy aliens”, the RNWMP kept an eye on socialists, pacifists and trade union activists who were actively opposed to the war and assisted the authorities in enforcing regulations under the War Measures Act., It was during this period that Commissioner A.B. Perry constructed a network of plainclothes detectives and
15
undercover men who were to comprise part of the Security and Intelligence branch (S and I), which was to become notorious in later years as Canada’s secret police. By 1917 the number of RNWMP on active duty in Canada had begun to dwindle significantly. Saskatchewan and Alberta established provincial police forces of their own, and, with the United States’ entry into the war, the obvious fact that the “enemy aliens” were causing no trouble, and the demand for reinforcements on the battlefield, the force decided to allow many of its members to join the regular army. A special squadron the RNWMP was also formed in 1918 and sent to Siberia to fight for the reactionary forces in the Russian civil war. During 1916 and 1917 there had been considerable talk of disbanding the RNWMP after the war and leaving policing entirely to the provinces and the Dominion Police. Many people failed to see the need for a semimilitary mounted police force under federal auspices now that frontier conditions no longer existed and the whole country except for the sparsely settled North West Territories and Yukon ,had achieved provincial status. What saved the RNWMP from abolition as a force was intense industrial and social unrest at the end of World War I. Events during this period caused great anxiety in business and governmental circles, and the Mounted Police assured their own future by making themselves invaluable to the economic and political elite of the day. The industrial unrest which had been increasing since 1914 reached unprecedented proportions by 1917. Rapid urbanization brought on by the quick growth of war industries caused a deterioration in working and living conditions. Inflationary price increases were an added burden on the poor. By 1917 there were more trade unionists than ever before and more people went on strike than in any previous year in Canadian history. The military conscription of manpower and more stringent enforcement of the War Measures Act added to the frustration of the trade union radicals. There were prolonged and militant strikes in 1918, including one which nearly developed into a general strike in Winnipeg. Unrest was especially widespread in western Canada, where many trade unionists were not only critical of the economic system but also alienated from the more conservative eastern leadership of the Trades and Labour Congress. The federal government reacted to an unstable situation by imposing even harsher measures, to the point where they increased the probability of a major explosion at the end of the war. The government stepped up secret police activities and appointed C.H. Cahan, a prominent corporation lawyer, to survey conditions throughout the country and recommend and course of action. The police found no evidence of a revolutionary conspiracy afoot, and Cahan reported that the unrest was due primarily not to radical agitators
-continued graphic
on page 16 by tom mcdonald
16
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the chevron
friday,
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They always, get .,their man -continued
from
page
They agreed that if the results were encouraging, they would hold a conference later in the year for its founding. They also expressed sympathy with the Bolshevik revolution and threatened a gene.ral strike by june 1 if Canadian forces were not withdrawn from Russia. All of these activities in Canada coupled with the recent revolution in Russia and revolutionary developments in other parts of Europe helped to create an uneasiness among Canada’s ruling elite which bordered on hysteria and grossly exaggerated the possibility of an attempted revolution in this country. Before the referendum on the OBU could be completed or any effective organization established, the Winnipeg General Strike, under more moderate leadeship than the OBU and with very limited aims, broke out on may 15. The events ‘leading to the genecal strike began on may 1, when the workers in the building and metal trades truck on the issues of higher wages and the right to collective bargaining. The employers not only refused the wage demands but also refused to recognize the Metal Trades Council as the common bargaining agent of the unions. The unions took their case to the Winnipeg Trades and Labour Council, which conducted a referendum among its
15
but to general disillusionment with the war, disgust at the performance of the federal government and deteriorating economic conditions: I am xonvinced that the unrest now prevalent in Canada is due to the weakening of the moral purpose of the people to prosecute the war to a successful end; to the fact that people are . becoming daily more conscious of the bloody sacrifices and irritating burdens entailed by carrying on the war; and to the growing belief that the Union government is failing to deal effectively with the’ financial, industrial and economic problems growing out of the war which are, perhaps, incapable of any early satisfactory solution. The problems growing out of the war became more immediate after the armistice. The closing down of armament and munitions factories and the disbanding of a large army caused widespread unemployment and a generally depressed economy. Added to this was the fact that workers who had made sacrifices during the war now demanded the gains which had been postponed in the name of the war effort. Soldiers returning from , the front also demanded jobs and the chance for a decent life after fighting “the war to make the world safe for democracy”. Most of these people were to be sadly -disappointed, and their disappointment was not long in turning to frustration and anger. Unrest increased as the government failed to tackle the problems which Cahan had described as “incapable of an early satisfactory solution”. To really tackle such problems would mean demanding concessions from the vested interests which had fattened on the war effort, and the government was not about to attempt such a solution. Since Cahan recognized this clearly, he recommended instead, repressive measures designed to maintain order over a difficult period of post-war adjustment. The government established a Department of Public Safety with Cahan as director. Numerous Orders-in-Council ’ were passed under the War Measures Act to provide for the following: l broadening the category described as “enemy alien” and requiring the registration of all such people; l severely restricting the right to strike; l prohibiting publications in I4 languages; l prohibiting the use of several foreign languages at public meetings; l declaring 14 different organizations to be illegal, including such moderate groups as the Social Democratic Party;, ,o allowing the authorities t6 declare any association unlawful. To implement these sweeping measures required greatly increased police activity, and during the last months of 1918 and early 1919 the federal government began to build up the strength of the RNWMP and assign to them many duties’ previously undertaken by the Dominion Police. By the time a major showdown between capital‘ and labour came in the form of the Winnipeg General Strike in may, 1919, the government and business community in Canada had become extremely frightened by growing labour radicalism. Western labour radicals had been busy laying plans for the organization of the One Big Union (OBU) a large industrial union which they hoped wou Id eventually embrace all workers and struggle for the overthrow of the capitalist system as well as fight for immediate economic gains. The British Columbia Federation of Labour and many trade union councils and locals throughout the West. endorsed the OBU idea and called for major economic concessions, removal of restrictions on civil liberties and the release of political prisoners. The western labour militants held a conference in Calgary in march, 1919, known as the Western Labour Conference and laid plans to hold a referendum in union locals throughout the west on the question of severing relations with international craft unions and forming the OBU.
graphic bv tom mcdoriald
’
affiliates on the question of a general strike on the issues of collective bargaining and the need for general wage increases. The result was overwhelmingly in favour, and on may 15, 30,000 workers left their jobs, 12,000 of whom were not members of trade unions but who joined the strike spontaneously. The population of Winnipeg in 1919 was about 180,000; 30,000 strikers and their families therefore probably represented at least half of the population. The strikers included
municipal, public utility and post office employees and even the city police. The general strike paralized the entire city and the strikers found it necessary to direct their operations by means of a strike committee and a disciplined organization if they were to prevent general disorder and avoid unnecessary hardships to the population as a whole. The city police returned to work at the request of the strike committee in order to prevent looting and outbursts of vandalism and violence. Milk and bread deliveries were resumed and essential services like the city water works resumed limited operations by permission of the committee. The strike was conducted in an exceptionally peaceful manner, and this helped to gain wide public support in Winnipeg and other cities where there were several sympathetic strikes and talk of general walkouts. Indeed several of the strike leaders were pacifists who abhorred violence, and the rank-and-file were repeatedly warned to remain peacefu I and beware! of provocateurs who might attempt to provoke violent incidents as a means df discrediting the entire strike. For a time it appeared probable that the employers would have to yield to the workers’ demands. ’ However, the forces of capital and the state soon united in a powerful combination to smash the -general strike at all ‘costs. All three levels of government, the business and professional communities and the press began a campaign designed to create an atmosphere of hysteria throughout the country by depicting the strike as the beginning of a bloody revolution engineered by the Bolsheviks and supporters of the OBU. A citizens’ committee of 1,000 organized by professional and businessmen in Winnipeg to break the strike worked closely with government agencies, including the RNWMP. The Mounted Police did not act simply as the military arni of government but played an active role in the propaganda campaign as well. Commissioner Perry made public speeches denouncing the strike and1 specialized in fostering anti-labour sentiments’ among the farming population. On may 21 Perry appeared before the executive of the Saskatchewan Grain Crowers’ Association (SCCA) to describe the strike as an OBU conspiracy aimed at confiscating all private property and establishing a communist form of government. This type of official lying was soon paying dividends for the employers and the government. Some farm leaders joined the anti-labour crusade and J.B. Musselmann, secretary of the SCCA, made the headlines on several aoccasions with dire predictions about a “red peril” threatening Canada. As the propaganda campaign got underway throughout Canada, the attitude of government officials and some employers hardened towards the strikers. Early in the strike federal minister of labour Gideon Robertson gave the postal workers an ultimatum of returning to work or- losing their jobs. When fewer than one-quarter returned, the government dismissed the rest and proceeded to &cruit scabs. The Winnipeg city council fired the, regular police force, which had been doing an’ excellent job of maintaining order without: resorting to violent tactics, after they refused to sign a yellow dog contract stipulatingthat they must not be assokiated with the trade union movement. The regular police were replaced by “specials” recruited with the help of the citizens committee; some of these specials rode on horses donated by the T. Eaton Company. The council also fired all civic employees who refused to return to work and replaced them with scabs. The provincial government adopted the same policy towards employees of the publicly-owned telephone system. The federal authorities seemed prepared to take a more militant anti-labour position even than many Winnipeg employers. Robertson was opposed in principle to any significant concessions to the strikers: “This is not an opportune time to make a declartition in favour of the principle of collective bargaining as it would be grasped as an excuse by
march
the strikers to claim that government and thereby sympathetic strike.” Wher metal employers were collective bargaining and settled on reasonable terms Arthur Meighen cautioned which might be interprete strikers. It was obvious ttment was determined to lesson to labour across th strikes and similar kinds 01 not succeed. The RNWMP fit into the p military force upon whom rely absolutely. The RNWM activities 6f the strikers ar 1 That many regular soldiers 1 is obvious from the fact tt returned soldiers in WinniL the &ike and, in fact, M civilian strikers. When the back in Winnipeg from eve only two members of volunteered for service authorities thereupon pro battalion, and General Kate officer in Winnipeg, recrui for four militia units, know1 men opposed to the strike authorities also sent additi Winnipeg surreptitiously, ai to demobilize a squadron from overseas in Winnipeg disposal of Commissioner I regular. army could not al break civilian strikes, merr Police with a long tradition cou Id. The government prepared strikers not only by making but also by providing tt sweeping legal powers in ci On june 5 parliament passe Immigration Act in order t deport British subjects not amendment was aimed at leaders, most of whom WE albeit long-time resident amendment was passed tl commons in 20 minutes ant been approved by the Se1 assent. tater parliament alsc known as Section 98 of the ( 98 made it a crime, punishab prison, to belong to any assol was to bring about govern economic change by force c defended the use of force f( property belonging to such be seized without warrant Crown. If it could be shocll attended meetings for such 2 publicly in its support or d;s “it shall be presumed, in tht the contrary, that he is a mer association”. Persons printin or importing material advoc; use of force might also be it-r years. Section 98 remained C)I 16 years and was an effecti timidating and sometimes in made people cautious about any protest group because c the organization in question “unlawful association”. Le? Acts might not be sufficient, amended Section I34 of tt change the maximum penalt to 20 years in prison.. The Mounted Police arrest important strike leaders arid strikers on the night of Jut acting under instructions fror of the federal department of j leader of the citizens’ commi J.S.Woodsworth, an importa strikers and temporary edito News, was arrested and the later Fred Dixon, who continl hiding to put out the paper gi police. The original intentiol had been to deport seven of leaders (only one had been II plan was abandoned for fear c it would cause and because.oi trade unibnists across Can leaders were released on bail tried later for seditious cons The arrest of the strike leade of a concerted attempt by tt not only the Winnipeg Cer militant wing of the trade
.
1973
:y have forced the wed the success of appeared that the out to recognite 3 strike might be ting justice minister linst any settlement LS a victory for the the federal governeat the strike as a Junfry that general ilitant tactics could Are as a well-trained e authorities could Duld also spy on the Ilrest strike leaders. lld not do such jobs a clear majority of were supporters of militant than the :h Battalion arrived 3s during the strike, I entire battalion I Winnipeg. The tly disbanded the I, the commanding volunteers instead If course, that only uld volunteer. The .I machine guns to nade arrangements RNWMP returning I place them at the 1. If soldiers in the 1s be relied on to 8s of the Mounted anti-labour activity,, bear down on the liitary preparations selves with more they were needed. bill amending the lake it possible to n in Canada. This e Winnipeg strike British immigrants of Clanada. The rgh the house of ithin the hour had ! and given royal ssed what became rinal Code. Section by up to 20 years in ion whose purpose ntal, industrial or hich advocated or uch’purposes. The association might 1 forfeited to the .hat a person had ssociation, spoken tited its literature, bsence of proof to r of such unlawful listributing, selling g or defending the soned for up to 20 e statute books for instrument for insoning radicals. It lg associated with le possibility that ht be declared an above-mentioned ? government also Criminal Code to )r sedition from 2 zight of the most Jr less prominent 16-17. They were J. Andrews, agent ce and prominent !. A few days later supporter of the : Western labour per banned. Still for a few days in himself up to the ’ the government eight main strike in Canada). This re public reaction ong protests from . Instead strike a few days, to be .cy. /as the beginning !NWMP to crush I Strike but the nion movement
throughout the country by means of arrests, harassment, deportations and brute force, The first fatal casualties of this drive occurred in Winnipeg on june 21. The strike-supporters among the, returned soldiers organized a silent parade to protest the actions of th.e authorities. Banned by the mayor, the parade took place anyway, until it was brutally broken up by the RNWMP and the “specials” who had been hired to replace the regular city police. About 50 Mounted Police rode swinging baseball bats through the crowd twice. When two of their riders were unhorsed, they drew their revolvers and-,fired volleys into the crowd. Mike Sokolowiski, who appears to have been only a spectator, was killed instantly of a bullet through his heart, and Steve Schezerbanower was fatally wounded. Dozens more in the crowd were wounded. Mounties and specials wielding clubs then cleared the streets. Masters describes a fight which took place in Hell’s Alley: A portion of the crowd, estimated at about two hundred, had taken refuge in the alley which ran between Market and James Streets. Here they, were caught by specials who entered from both ends. The specials attacked with batons, and at one stage with revolvers, while the crowd retaliated with bricks and missiles. The struggle lasted only ten minutes, from 3:40 to 3:5O, but produced twenty-seven casualties before the crowd was overwhelmed. After clearing the streets, the military assumed control. immediately they banned public meetings and demonstrations. The arrest of the strike leaders and the banning of any effective action successfully broke the back of the strike, which was called off on June 25. The strikers were promised some economic gains, a partial recognition of collective bargaining rights and a royal commission to look into the causes of the strike. Following the strike, the governpent continued a virtual reign of terror against the”OBU throughout Canada. Raids on the offices of the OBU and other militant labour and political groups were frequent. In Winnipeg, Rev. William lvens was arrested in the middle of the night while his children stood by crying. Alderman John Queen was arrested at the home of A.A. Heaps, later a Labour M.P.; police broke down the door, ransacked the place and took the two men away in handcuffs. No labour militant or political radical could be sure that he or she was not next on the list. Grace Maclnnis, daughter of J.S. Woodsworth and now a New
Democratic M.P., has described how she was instructed by her mother, who was teaching at Gibson’s Landing, British Columbia, to bury left wing books in the woods lest they be seized by police as evidence against her father. All eight strike-leaders were tried for seditious conspiracy in january, 1920. Crown prosecutors included A.J. Andrews and at least one other prominent member of the citizens’ committee. The jurymen came from rural Manitoba, where con! siderable anti-labour hysteria had been whipped up, and there was some evidence of undue crown influence in choosing the jury. Some of the testimony was provided by police spies including Mounted Police Corporal F.W. Zaneth, who had been infiltrating labour organizations for some time before the strike. Seven of the eight strike leaders were convicted of seditious conspiracy and sentenced to terms ranging from six months to two years. After Fred Dixon’was tried for seditious libel and acquitted, the crown declined to press ‘an identical charge against J.S. Woodsworth. In addition, a number of immigrants in the strike were deported, and many of the victims of what could only be described as the police riot of june 21 were fined and others imprisoned for rioting and unlawful assembly. Although authorities had won the day in the courts, the voters soon had the chance to express their opinion of the strike leaders. They elected William Ivens, John Queen and George Armstrong to the Manitoba Legislature in 1920. At the time of the election, lvens and Armstrong were still in prison! In the federal election of 1921, the voters also elected J.S. Woodsworth M.P. for Winnipeg North. The Manitoba government appointed the Robson Commission to examine the causes and conduct of the Winnipeg General Strike. The Robson Report indicated that the strike was neither an OBU conspiracy nor any other kind of conspiracy designed to overthrow constituted authority. The purposes of the strike were exactly what the strike leaders and the rank-and-file had claimed they were: to achieve economic concessions and to gain recognition of collective bargaining rights. Robson found the causes of the strike to be the high cost of living, profiteering, inadequate wages and poor social conditions in general. Robson’s, findings were conveniently ignored by the government, most employers and especially the RNWMP. To save face the federal authorities and the police had to perpetuate the belief that the strike had been a seditious conspiracy aimed at
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overthrowing the economic and political system. Many of them, of course, sincerely believed their own propaganda. Perhaps no group gained more in the short run by the defeat of the Winnipeg General Strike than the RNWMP. The force people thought might be disbanded a year or two earlier had suddenly earned the undying gratitude of most of the daily press. Nora Kelly, who wroteThe Men of the Mounted in 1949 and submitted it in advance to . RCMP Commissioner S.T. Wood, “who kindly had the manuscript read and so made sure that /the information contined therein was correctly presented from the point of view of the Mounted Police”, claims that the role of the force during and after the Winnipeg strike was instrumental in persuading the federal government to create the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in november 1919. Although Kelly’s assessment appears to be accurate in this case, unrest prior to the strike had probably already persuaded the government to continue ,the RNWMP at least in western Canada. The authorized strength of the force was set at 1,200 in december 1918 and then suddenly increased to 2,500 in july 1919. By September 30,’ 1919, the government had already built the force up to a strength of 1,600 and in november the act was passed to absorb the Dominion Police into the RNWMP and change the name to Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The new order officially took effect as of february I, 1920. The new name indicated that the force would now exercise authority throughout Canada and not just in the western provinc%%YThe military structure was maintained intact, with special emphasis on the RCMP as an efficient organization for breaking strikes and dispersing urban crowds. That the RCMP was created as both a military and political police force and that its top officers leaned towards the far right in political persuasion is obvious from an examination of Commissioner Perry’s annual report for the year ending september 30, 1919. The RNWMP had been given a much more explicitly political-military character during the year leading- up to the creation of the RCMP on a Canada-wide basis. The report emphasized that aside from enforcing specific federal statutes, guarding public buildings and other duties which are normally assigned to a police force and are not explicitly political in nature, the Mounted Police were to serve in the enforcement of “al I Orders-in-Council passed under the ‘War Measures Act’, for protection of public safety” and “generally to aid and assist the civil powers in the preservation of law and order wherever the Government of Canada may direct”. It also noted that the government had taken pains to remove RNWMP squadrons from Europe and Siberia as soon as possible so as to increase the total strength in Canada. Commissioner Perry thought that there were enough reserves on hand to meet any emergencies as well as “to supervise the mining and industrial areas, to watch the settlements of enemy nationality and foreigners whose sentiments might be disloyal and attitudes antagonistic”. He pointed out that the force had taken over the secret service from the Dominion Police during the year and had been busy registering and controlling enemy aliens. Perry lamented the presence of unrest in western Canada and observed that “some of the strikes have had a sinister purpose although probably not realized by many who took part”. The report pointed out that several people had been convicted for possessing prohibited literature, “but there is a flood of pernicious and mischievous literature not on the prohibited list. Under the cloak of freedom of thought and speech, this literature is being spread for the avowed purpose of overthrowing democratic government and destroying the foundation of civilization.” The RCMP carried on and improved upon the strike-breaking tradition of their predecessors from the time they were officially founded in 1920. Over the next two decades they played such an important role in labour disputes that some labour experts have claimed they had a profound effect on the attitudes of working people towards the state in Canada. In his 1968 study of labour unrest for the federal Task Force on Labour Relations, Professor Stuart Jamieson asserts that the role of the RCMP helped to generate a distrust for the federal government among trade unionists: The RCMP has thus become a highly pervasive force in Canadian society. Its presence has been felt with enough force to tip, the scales of battle in hundreds of strikes and labour demonstrations. . The particular image of the RCMP, and the federal government itself, which this situation has generated in the eyes of many in the ranks of organized labour, in all probability has had a profound effect on the climate of labour relations in this country.
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‘Without no audience, there ain’t no show’
\
With the fond memories of Galaxy’s far from pleasant evening at the recent B. B. King concert, complete with meaningless vindictiveness and a-fine exhibition of the magnanimity of man toward his fellows, I ventured forth to meet what the elements may send to try me upon the battle ground at the Waterloo Lutheran Theatre Auditorium. The theme music for the evening’s mixture of petty violence, barroom antics, and an altogether low level of musical appreciation and courtesy, was provided by Chilliwack. The evening proved, without much delay that my fears were not unfounded. Arriving shortly after the advertised starting time for the concert, 8: 30 pm last Wednesday evening, the discovery that there was to be a delay of an hour came as no surprise. The delay provided the priceless opportunity to mingle with the assembled “multitude” and behind the protective isolation of distant to attempt a disection and “observer” analysis of the human condition displayed before me. Switching the light on under my everpresent microscope, the first slide revealed a pair of slightly shaky covetous hands feeling their way along the halls surrounding the ‘audinasium’ . A lonely, deserted winter overcoat, valued more for sentimental reasons than practical, quickly and quietly disappeared from its adopted hanger. That such---an appendage of my person would be so ruthlessly amputated and torn from the shelter of a friendly home at one and the same time appalled and startled me. Is nothing sacred in this hard cruel world, a microcosm of which assembled for the evening’s festivities? A shattered faith in human nature .and common sense was partially restored when the larcenous pair of hands silently attempted to return the lost garment, innocent of the burning gaze of a threatened parent. Recognizing the evidence of the evil hand of intemperance behind the act, no retribution was extorted, and with a nod of the head I stashed the memory away under the heading of “lessons to be learned when time permits”. The hour long wait before the band came onto the stage was punctuated by the sound of broken bottles and cast away empties, the sound of damp mops wiping up the assorted spills of cold duck and beer. Premonitions harboured in the depths of my mind long before entering the hall had started to prove well founded, and the prospect of listening to pleasant music amidst the gathered collection of persons had rapidly grown dimmer. As far as the music of Chilliwack is concerned, they have the potential to provide fine entertainment and enjoyable music. Having heard them once before, at the Winter Pop celebration, new year’s eve, 1970, I had some idea of the calibre of live performance to expect. However, the atmosphere surrounding any performer has a direct and weighty effect upon the quality of the product; needless to say the experience garnered during the delay before the concert finally got off the ground did not foster much hope. With a supreme effort of the will- I managed to subject to the oppressive company of those present long enough to hear the first numbers played by Chilliwack. Starting with a new rock and roll number, the background noise generated by
the buffoons in the audience was drowned out until the end of the song. Continual outbursts of “Lonesome Mary”, “Boogie”, and “rock and roll” cut through the applause and did not not manage to die out for the introduction to the second song. This number being a much quieter, melodic and relaxing piece entitled “Rain-o”. The lyrics of this song eloquently put the situation in its proper light when they enunciate : “without no audience, there is no show .” And indeed, the poor exhibition witnessed during the short time in the theatre was evidence enough that there indeed was no show last Wednesday night. -john
keyes
Something from everyone The last play of the season, Chekhov’s Three Sisters directed by Peter O’Shaughnessy closes this weekend in the Theatre of the’Arts. The cast is drawn from faculty, students and community. Wednesday’s opening proffered the usual minor irritations of an opening night: pacing slightly sluggish; painfully slow fade-outs; special sound effects too loud and covering the stage speech. Notably good however were the costumes imported from St. Lawrence Centre. They were invaluable in creating an authentic aura of declining aristocracy and fin-de-siecle ennervation. Esther Scott’s set design was especially effective in her staging of the garden; a tricky feat on a thrust stage. Three Sisters is one of the first plays on campus that has given the female talent a fair forum. The bulk of the cast of course are men, but Chekhov’s play is about women and their frustrated dreams. The recurring lament is “Moscow, to Moscow” which offers not only an escape for the women, but their last chance for creative expression. There is a sort of foredoomed sadness about their dream, and the danger in most productions seem to lie in an excessive concern with the women’s wistfullness. O’Shaugnessy plays up the farcical aspects of the men’s antics to counterbalance this tendency. Chief poet-fool is Ivan Chebutykin, played by Jose HuertasJourda. Hourda’s characterization, as cynical commentator aqd philosophervictim is excellent. Happily he progresses throughout the evening past his initial stylized mannerisms and indistinguishable accent. His counterpart, the optimist-lover, Vershinin, played by Hugh MacKinnon also overcomes a weak voice in the course of the play, to deliver fine interludes of lyrical romance. Competent ensemble acting backs them up. There is only one exception during a revel, replete with very bad Russian dancing. The revelry is not built up sufficiently and too suddenly cut off to be effective.
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The women are also consistently good. Rota Lister as Anfisa works ‘her characterization around her excellent accent, and she shows a real affection for the sisters. The three sisters are quite frequently overwhelmed by the antics around them: which frustrates their sensibilities even more. A warm and convincing relationship is set up between the oldest sister, played by Susan White and the youngest and most pressing in her attempts to escape, Gayle Tripp, but it is given too infrequent an opportunity to show itsell’. Masha, played by Patricia Connor, is the most vital of the three. She alternates between apathy, hysteria and laughter quite skilfully. Masha’s preoccupaton is with the debonair Vershinin. Connor seems to devote most of her attention to building her love for Vershinin, at the expense of defining her love for her sisters. This separation is unfortunate and loses some of the richness of the play. All three women 7 s stage movements show grace and understatement. Their voices are uniformly throaty. They are lent texture and music by the contrast with Helen Benninger’s shrill voice in her role as the scheming Natasha. Just when it appears that at least the youngest sister might escape, her fiancee is murdered in a duel. All three sisters hopes are completely shattered. The last speech of the play, given to the eldest, Olga, is poignant. She asks in stunned quiet “if only we could know”, which in Chekhovian technique is repeated three times. O’Shaghnessy intrudes -even on this moment. The old doctor, Hourda, hums under his breath as the sisters’ young brother plods across the stage pushing a baby carriage before him, made all the more evident by a red cloth over it. Farce reasserts itself: the sisters cannot escape even in the poetry of pathos. The real tragedy of just such Hedda Gablers is precisely that they cannot commit suicide, cannot flee. Such is the Meaning of Chekhov’s farce. interpretation of O’Shaughnessy’ Chekhov’s intent is strictly faithful and he does not betray what he sees as a “Mozartian” script by any cutting. Over the summer interval, O’Shaughnessy plans to return to professional Irish Theatre. He returns next year. The next season, if it offers more such creative interchange between the Division of Drama and the Creative Arts Board, shows definite promise. -cdherine
muGay
19
community theatre It costs money to go to the theatre in Toronto or any other place for that matter. So, this aspect of high culture is a luxury for most people and virtually unavailable for people earning little money. It therefore follows that there is little chance for certain groups in the economy, to actually become involved with theatre. This is usually left to the upper-middle-class social groups that find themsleves peripherally involved in theatre groups. And of course the common conception of the theatre artist does not lend itself well to any other people than the well trained. In short, community involvement with theatre at whatever level is bound to be virtually non-existent in most situations. One theatre group that seems to be moving in the direction of community involvement is the Toronto based Open Circle Theatre which has dubbed itself “Toronto’s first professional community theatre”. The group is committed to community research and group involvement in an effort both to create a more community ‘relevant and meaningful theatre and also, to include people in the actual production process of its plays: set building, costuming, acting and so on. At the moment Open Circle is making ready to produce the first effort, !‘No Way Jose”, a documentary music revue (April 5 to May 5 at the St. Paul%Avenue Rd. Church, 121 Avenue Rd.) Putting this together, the group did some street research and created a show which “deals with unemployment and welfare from the point of view of both “donors’ and ‘recipients’. Hopefully, if the group can keep away from the restrictions and demands of professionalism, they will be able to put something across which can be approached and developed by the people of the community. graphic
by tom mcdonald
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friday,
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graphic
The real Billy Many of the inadequacies of the film version of Billie Holiday’s life story, The Lady Sings the Blues, have already been discussed in these pages by Ms. Deanna: it is an inept, racist, and often unintentionally laughable movie which represent’s a new low in the already dismal history of Hollywood biographies. Despite its obvious shoddiness, however, several otherwise sensible acquaintances have put in a good word for it, on the grounds that it at least gave them some awareness of the events and achievementsof Billie’s life. Now this is a sad thing, because she should already be familiar to anyone who appreciates incredible vocal artistry; but it is also a bit of a delusion, in that the film is so replete with lies- of omission and commission that anyone accepting its portrayal’of Lady Day will necessarily have a highly distorted view of her career. Since this is eventually going to turn into a record review, I’ll simply list some of the film’s grosser fabrications: l Billie was almost raped at the age of 10. Almost, but not quite; and she did not bbcome a prostitute until 5 years later. l Billie did leave prostitution suddenly, but because she refused an influential hoodlum (who had her arrested and jailed) rather than a middle-aged Uncle Tom. Harlem was and is a bit rougher than the Gentleman’s Fleshpot depicted in the film. wafter quitting “the Life”, it took her three years to earn the night club gig she immediately steps into in the film. ~She did not in fact see the body of the lynched Black man on her first Southern tour. l As for drugs: in the movie, she is depicted as a sickly arid exhausted waif seduced into her initial “fix” by a White pianist. Actually, as she recounts quite candidly in her autobiography,.she was turned on by her first husband, who happened to be (need it be said?) Black. And none of that “sickly and exhausted” jive, either. loBillie’s “one good strong man” in the film “Louis”) was in fact a (the mysterious series of not so good, not so strong men, whom she discarded as quickly as their inadequacies became apparent. l Billie was much more vocally opposed to segregation than is indicated in the move. The scene where she stays with the bus ‘while her White accompanists dine would have elicited a hearty “What is this shit?” from the real Lady Day. @The film ignores her recording career, leaving out Lester Young, Teddy Wilson, and Count Basie, among others, who were very important to her as friends and-or lovers. aAlthough the movie does pay some attention to her harassment by the police after she had been identified as a narcotics user, it stops well short of the truth: she das last arrested cm her deathbed, in a situation which required the hospital authorities’ connivance in removing her from the “Critical List”. They did, and she died.
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While a certain amount of compression, of connecting events which are temporally separated but causally linked, is acceptable in a short biography, it should now be obvious that the cinematic version -of The Lady Sings the Blues has much more to do with giving audiences a sugar-tit than with presenting the real Billie Holiday. The only good thing to come of it is the reissuing of some of her albums, which will hopefully attract more attention than Diana Ross’s efforts; although Ross tries hard, her singing compares to Billie’s as...( I’m thinking) ...Mel Rotman’s good morning salutes compare td \ Louis Armstrong playing “Bugle Call Rag”. It is not easy to describe Billie’s voice. Even in her younger days it was more brittle than “pretty”, and by her early 30s a /
30,1973
i
by tom mcdonald
H oliday
definite element of hoarseriess had appeared-probably the fur from all those coats that “Louis” gave her. But in terms of nuance and expressivity she was simply unbelievable, and her phrasing set new, and as yet unequalled, standards for nonclassical singing. There was always joy in her voice, even when pain had become a constant companion; and to compare her to, say, Janis Joplin, is to understand something about the difference between therapy and catharsis. Billie Holiday’s Greatest Hits (Columbia CL 2666) is a one album selection from the much more extensive reissue program implemented by Columbia. These recordings date from 1935-1941, a relatively happy period in her life, and feature her with small groups made up of sidemen from the Count Basie and Duke Ellington bands. While certainly not her “Greatest Hits”“Strange Fruit“, for one isn’t here-many of her strongest performances are included: “God Bless the Child”, “Solitude”, “Billie’s Blues”, and one of my special favorites, “What a Little Moonlight Can Do!’ resulted in both extreme poverty and a very (ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh). There are only 11 cuts, small audience during her lifetime, suband since they average three minutes each, sequent generations have slowly come to others could easily have been added; that appreciate her powerful, raspy voice, aside, this is probably the best single album shown at its best here on such classic blues introduction to Billie’s work available. laments ai “Careless Love Blues” and The Billy Holiday Story (Decca DXSB “New Gulf Coast Blues”. This is the fifth 7161) is a double set of performances from and final volume in Columbia’s com1944-1950. While the material is again mendable reissuing of all her recorded generally excellent-“Them There Eyes”, work, and it is highly recommended to “Good Morning Heartache”, “My Man”, those who are ready to move beyond slicker @“Don’t Explain” -the orchestral arrangecontemporary blues styles. ments are much more hackneyed than Ethel Waters’ Greatest Years (Columbia those of Greatest Hits, meaning that it KG 31571) cannot be similarly endorsed, is entirely up to Billie’s voice to carry the even though her career partially parallels day. that of Bessie Smith. Waters’ clear, bell-like This she does, apparently effortlessly, in a voice was largely wasted on songs of the style which combines maturity of exBroadway musical variety, which then pression with a still unflawed singing voice_ (1925-34) as now are worth listening to and represents a plateau in her developonly when radically reinterpreted by a ment. By the early 1950s her selftalent on the order of Billie Holiday’s. In destructive lifestyle had begun to take its small doses, this is a mildly amusing album, toll; music critics started to talk about her but I doubt that anyone other than the most “croaking”, and Billie earned a reputation rabid Busby Berkeley fan will find it worth as a difficult, churlish, and often unreliable acquiring. performer, these being symptoms of both Another laudable jazz reissue program physical deterioration and the continuing has been started by United Artists with vicissitudes of being a Black jazz Charlie Mingus Wonderland (United Artists singer in cold war America. She UAS 5637) and Bill Evans & Jim Hall Un‘was still capable of putting emotion dercurrent (UAS 5640). Ths Mingus album and meaning into pop lyrics, however, as spotlights two of my favorite saxophonists, Billie Holiday: Radio & TV Broadcasts: Vol. John Handy and Booker Ervin, in a quintet 2, 19534956 (ESP 3003) makes clear. which also includes pianist Richard Wyands These are “airchecks”, all previously and drummer Danny Richmond, all exunreleased, with adequate sonics ‘and a perienced Mingusites who make good use generally high level of performance. of the solo space provided by the four 9 Delightful versions of “I Cover the minute-plus tracks. Waterfront” and “Stormy Weather”, the Along w-ith Jimmy Garrisson and Charlie latter from a Carnegie Hall concert with Haden, Mingus is one of the few modern Young, Basie, and Buck Clayton, are on a jazz bassists capable of supportive acpar with her best work, and three different companiment as well as interesting solo interpretations of “My Man” are an exwork, here best exemplified on a mellow cellent opportunity to hear Billie wring veision of “I Can’t Get Started”. Handy and manifold possibilities out of a simple lyric. A Ervin are also in fine form, with the contrast slight letdown occurs on the last four between their cautiously experimental and tracks, taped at a rural New Jersey thorough “straight-ahead” styles serving to roadhouse on what must have been tin off emphasize the virtues of each. Although night. It’s a valuable album, however, and Mingus has become much more adI’ll certainly be looking forward to further venturous in such recent albums as Let My volumes in this series. Children Hear Music, Wonderland is an In conclusion, I would simply like to excellent and by no means outdated sample encourage you to discover Billie Holiday for of his art which represents a highpoint in yourself. In trying to turn a few people on to the “modern mainstream” school of jazz. her, I’ve found that folkies and rockers and Undercurrent features Evans’ piano and blues-freaks alike have instantly accepted Hall’s guitar, without additional acher music; and this is almost certainly companiment, in an extended conversation because it deals with timeless human between two quietly articulate musical concerns in an extremely beautiful and a voices. Five familiar standards and a Hall sensitive way. Nuff said. original, “Remain”, provide a wealth of melodic riches perfectly suited to the temperaments of these unabashed Bessie Smith was one of Billie’s few romantics, who have each developed a kind acknowledged influences, and Nobody’s of musical “minimal art” which makes Blues But Mine (Columbia G 31093) creative use of silence as well as sound. documents some of the reasons why. Although Undercurrent’s brand of relaxed Although her refusal to sing pop material lyricism will probably be lost on those who
Jazz re-issues
march
demand electricity and rawjemotion from contemporary jazz, those with broader ears should find it a continuing source of gentle pleasure.
New jazz releases Pneuma (Impulse AS 9221) by Michaei White: in positively reviewing White’s last album, Spirit Dance, I noted that he seemed “self-consciously avant garde” on occasion. Well, here the occasions have become all too frequent: “Pneumal’, which takes up all of the first side, groans and whines and natters its way to no discernable purpose, with Edwin Kelly’s Debussy-ian piano solo rather pointlessly interpolated in the middle. Side 2 begins more promisingly with “Blessing Song”, done in the puckish, lyrical manner so in evidence on Spirit Dance; and despite the intrusion of a chorus on the last two cuts, this mood is sustained to the end. The music here is well below the quality of anything White did with the John Handy Quintet, however, and he would be well advised to seek out some more challenging sidemen before recording again. Birds of Fire (Columbia KC 31996) by 1 the Mahavishnu Orchestra: John McLaughlin’s name has been appropriately deemphasized here, as the Mahavishnu Orchestra is much more assertive than on previous releases. The contents are definitely jazz, with the odd reference to rock or Indian music hopefully serving to draw in the wider following the group merits ; and heady, fiery, energy-packed jazz it is, certainly McLaughlin’s best record since Devotion, and an excellent antidote for Zappa’s self-indulgent efforts at combining electricity and improvisation. Of the uniformly good selections, “One Word” is an extended piece of funky freneticism which should convert even such dyed-inthe-wool shitkickers as the eminently imminent GSK. Supercut, super album. Revolutionary Ensemble (ESP 3007) by Leroy Jenkins, violin; Sirone, bass; Jerome Cooper, percussion+ a very strong, angry album made up of two long pieces, “Vietnam I” and “Vietnam II”. Jenkins is a veteran of the jazz avant garde, and has perfected a style of playing which blends superb technique with a continuous search for the expressive limits of his instrument. The music here ranges from lyrical beauty to violent rage, with sympathetic if at times self-effacing support from Sirone and Cooper, and is both more exciting and more rewarding than most current “serious music”. Although you’ll probably have a hard time prying this one out of the record I co-op, the effort will be worth it. -pad
stuewe
friday,
march
30,1973
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Th e best of everything The release of a “Greatest Hits” album is one of those non-events which it is difficult to respond to rationally. While one‘can take the opportunity to reassess the group’s career, this tends to ignore the immediate reality of the Lp itself; and if only the latter is dealt with, it is easy to get into “Why this song and not that one?” discussions which may display erudition, but probably bore the daylights out of those who would simply like to know if the album is worth having. But duty calls, so once more into the breach, Rosinante. .. One other thing: the 6 albums considered below all have their contents printed somewhere on the record jacket, so you should see what you’ve already got before considering thier purchase. More Hot Rocks (big hits and fazed cookies) (London 2 PS 626-7) is a new double album which represents London’s second attempt to offset the Stones’ defection to another label by repackaging some of their older material. Much of it is classic stuff-“Not Fade Away,” “The Last Time,” “ Lady Jane”-which has never been superseded as the epitome of teenage lust. The selling point of More Hot Rocks, however, is the inclusion of 8 songs “Never before released in North America”; although this is a bit misleading, in that all these tracks were available in Canada on “English imports”, so again you’ll have to check for duplication. Assuming that you don’t have them, at least 2 of the 8 are on a par with their best work: a rousing “Bye Bye Johnie”, and a nicely evil version of Muddy Waters’ “I Can’t be Satisfied”. The balance is listenable, with “Fortune Teller” the only time-bound novelty which fails to stand up very well. Sufficient reason to buy MHR? If you’re missing some of the previously released material, definit,ely, but probably not if you lack only the “Never before released” songs. The “Best Of” Chuck Berry is scattered over several Lps, many of them no longer readily available, and Chess Records has sensibly decided to rerelease his earlier material in the “Greatest Hits” format. Chuck Berry’s Golden Decade Vol. 2 (Chess 9033-60023) is not up to Vol. 1, an absolutely necessary album if there ever was one, but it is still of more than historical interest. As a master of the succinct but funky! effect, such as the classic guitar burst which kicks off “School Days”, Berry injected some much-needed energy into the mid-50s doldrums of American pop music. Vol. 2 includes “Come On”, “Little Queenie”, and “Carol”, all to be immortalized later by The Rolling Stones, as well as several excellent blues outings which reveal the mellower side of Berry’s personality. The selections are ordered so that the “novelty” songs do not become too obtrusive, complete discographic information js provided, and all in all this is one of the more worthwhile of the current spate of reissues. Another sublime-to-ridiculous release, in terms of its musical content, is The Best of B.B. King (ABC- Dunhill ABCX-767). “The Thrill is Gone” and “Why I Sing the Blues”,
the chevron two inarguable-masterpieces, are included, and also notable are “How Blue Can You Get” (from Cook County) and “Sweet Sixteen,” both sung in a viscerally emotional style largely abandoned on his most recent release. Less worthy are the two cuts from In London (“Caledonia” and “Ain’t Nobody Home”), not least because “Blue Shadows” would been a much better choice; and “Hummingbird,” is a disposable pop-soul thing proving only that not everything with Leon Russell’s name on it is worth our attention. Although it is by no means the best of B.B.King, this album does contain enough goodies to make it an adequate introduction for the uninitiated, although connoisseurs need not be deterred from continuing to search for a mint copy of Live at the Regal. Anthology (Capitol SVBB-11114) brings together some of the more magic momentsof the Steve Miller Band, a group which created some excellent good-time rock’n’roll in its Miller-Turner-Davis edition. Following their split, however, Miller’s career took a precipitous downhill slide, culminating in the disastrous Recall the Beginning, A Journey from Eden album; and unless he finds another congenial group of accompanists, Anthology may well be his last satisfying release. The high points are here, nonetheless, including Miller’s delightfu’l harp intro to “Living in the U.S.A” and Paul McCartney’s rock-steady bass line on “My Dark Hour”, two immediately recognizable reference points in the miasma of my musical past. The only disappointing aspect of Anthology is its short playing time, which averages less than 17 minutes per side, with Side Four running only 12 minutes-leaving plenty of room for “Dime-A-Dance Romance”, the one Miller biggie which is not included. But there is still more good music here than on any other two SMB albums, so it’s a bargain of a sort. Creedence Gold (Fantasy S 9418) lives up to its title by presenting the Revival’s more successful efforts. CCR has never been one of my favorite bands, for which I have been reviled and shat upon by a strange range of both long- and shorthaired music freaks; but the group’s epic numbers, such as “I Heard It Through The Grapevine” and “Suzie Q” (both on Gold), put me right to sleep, as does the predic tability of their bass and drums accompaniment. The latter is acceptable in a Top-40 song of the “Pround Mary” or “Down on the Corner” variety, but quite annoying when endured over two album sides. Although CCR was, not very long ago, an immensely popular band, even compared to The Beatles by. . .you guessed it, a Rolling Stone reviewer, their music was a very simple and primitive affair whose appeal may well be lost to us. My small circle of friends never play it, I seldom hear it on the radio, and I can’t say that Creedence Gold is likely to change the situation. Very little music is timeless, but CCR’s was probably even more ephemeral than that of most of their competition. Fina Ily, Steppenwolf : 16 Greatest Hits (ABC-Dunhill DSX-50135) is the second repackaging of this group’s “monsters” (the first being Gold), and while this one contains more music, it is not particularly more attractive. Since the additional tracks are mostly from their weaker albums (At Your Birthday Party, For Ladies Only, and Seven), 16 Greatest Hits seems a rather unnecessary attempt to make more money from a defunct group. Although Steppenwolf was a highly erratic group, most of their musical successes occured on Steppenwolf and Monster, two good-to-excellent albums which should provide more satisfaction than this one. The low sound quality is also annoying and, to end with a final cavil, the absence of “Power Play” and “Faster Than the Speed of Life” casts doubt on the “16 .Greatest Hits” assertion. ROCKIN’BR.lEFS Gentle Giant (Vertigo 6360 020) : I approach new albums by unfamiliar groups with fear and trembling, expecting nothing more than Excedrin headache no. 412, but every now and then a pleasant surprise makes it all seem worthwhile. Gentle Giant
is a very talented and mature English sextet which partially emulates that trendy Pink Floyd-Yes-Flash sound (lots of electronic gimmickry, abrupt changes in tempo and instrumental balance, heavy use of the synthesizer), but also experiments with both hard-nosed jazz and delicate ballads in this uniformly enjoyable album. As is the case with most young-groups, their lyrics are nothing to get excited about, but they have the good sense to surround them with intriguing arrangements which smooth over the rough spots and allow their excellent musicianship to carry the day. It’s conventional to describe debut albums as “promising” but Genile Giant merits a “Damn Fine!” Bubble Rock Is Here To Stay (UK UKS 53101): I sincerely hope not. If you’re the sort of person who wonders why nobody ever thought of recording “Mr Tambourine Man” with an orchestra of 15 tambourines-and if you are, I’d try to keep it within the immediate family-this album may interest you. It also includes a string quartet version of “Twist and Shout”, “Rock Around the Clock” done as a waltz, and a rendition of “Reflections” squashed into the bass riff from “Whole Lotta Love”, all shall we say, truly. . . novel ideas, unfortunately executed with no discernable musical ability, and memorable only as one of the most execrable records to ever darken my turntable. Pathfinder (Vertigo 6360 073) by Beggar’s Opera : in terms of banality of composition and leadfootedness of performance, this is one of the few groups to seriously challenge Uriah Heep, although to be fair Beggar’s Opera is somewhat less apocryphalyptic. But who buys this stuff? Why? Vat haf ve dun 2 u...? -pauI
stuewe
Just -what you’d expect Any album combining the talents of Doug Sahm (Sir Douglas Quintet), Mat Rebennack (Dr: John the Night Tripper himself), Bob Dylan (the ex-Boy Wonder-inhiding) and David Bromberg-plus a cast of thousands-and produced by Jerry Wexler. . .any album doing all that has to be an A-l, certified, dynamite knockout, right? Almost. Doug Sahm and Band (Atlantic SD 7254) is certainly a “session” taping easily in the company of the old “SuperSession” cuttings, but isn’t exactly my nomination for Album of the Year. It’s a strangely schizophrenic LP, jumping almost haphazardly from kick-the-dust-offyore-boots country-western and KooperBloomfield-type white blues, stopping in between every now and then for a little oldfashioned rock-n-roll. One of its main virtues is that Dylan’s contribution is pleasantly and openly evident here, unlike a lot of LPs over the past five years which have mysteriously listed his name in their credits. He’s even thrown in a brand new Dylan song, a little C-W ditty of the throwaway variety called “Wallflower”, in which he jams lightheartedly with Sahm, Bromberg and Dr. John. Dylan also adds a fine lead guitar line to Bromberg’s excellent dobro work on the album’s nicest piece, “Blues Stay Away From Me”. Sahm and several of his back-up horn men do nice things to a T-Bone Walker song, “Papa Ain’t Salty”, and the rest of the cuts, white not outstanding, are the kind of solid, good-listening pieces you would expect from-a group of musicians of this calibre. I gladly recommend the album, but don’t let the names get your expectations too high. The same, somewhat unfortunately, must be said about Judy Collins’ new offering, True Stories and Other Dreams (Elektra EKS 75053). Judy has been around a long time, and still ranks right up with the other top female vocalists like Joni Mitchell and
21
Joan Baez, with whom she also emerged from the early-sixties folk movement. Judy also has written many songs-five of the nine here are by her-although she has not shown Joni’s expertise as a composer, and her strong, clear voice remains her outsta nd ing asset. True Stories does nothing to hurt her high standing in the musical world, but neither does it show any advancement in any direction. Most of the songs here are lyrical, dreamy ballads-which are just suited to her voice-and she also dips back into a few cuts of the country-westerntinged style which made Who Knows Where the Time Goes such a standout album for her. “So Begins the Task”, by Stephen Stills, and “Che” by Judy, are both of questionable value to have been included, but she does a fine job on Tom Paxton’s “The Hostage” and manages to turn what would be for weaker voices overarrangments into an asset. Her own excellent piano work, and a more-than-competent group of backing musicians turn this into another fine LP for Collins fans, but fail to dangle any bait to lure new admirers. Without trying to run the theme dry, I can introduce Bert Jansch’s Moonshine album (Reprise MS 2129) with no other comment than to say the same as for the other two LPs: it’s just what Bert Jansch followers would expect, and it’s beautifully done. It’s another tasteful blending of contemporary folky-songs and Janscharranged traditional music, with Jansch’s guitar work excellent and well-controlled as usual and several musical friends helping him along in a pleasant but unobtrusive manner. The only doubtful cut is another version of Ewan MacColl’s classic folk ballad, “The first time ever I saw your face”, which is done in a frenetic “round” style with Jansch and Mary Visconti trying to catch up with each other on the vocals and never quite keeping pace, if indeed this poignant song was ever made for this kind of pace. But the rest are beautiful, sensitive renditions of typical Jansch-RenbournPentangle material, and the musicianship here is, as always with this group of Englishmen, meticulous and a joy to hear. Note to those interested: ABC Dunhill has just released two albums designed to enter the race for Carol King-James Taylor soft-rock fans, but the originals need not get too worried. Dusty Springfield (remember Dusty Springfield? If so, you’re a real oldie like me) has put together-or probably has been put together-an album called Cameo which, if you didn’t see the album cover, you would swear was a recording of Carol King on an off night. While King’s competent but repeated sameness wears on my ears, Springfield does her one better and pounds her onenote talent at you incessantly. There is no break here: each cut isan over-produced, over-orchestrated repeat of the last and possible album-buyers are warned to listen first and lay the money down later. Jim Croce’s new effort, Life and Times, is not quite as bad, but again, if you were blindfolded you would say James Taylor. c Croce, whose first album was fairly promising, has turned out this second album on a well-if-they-liked-that-one-letsgive-them-more-of-the-same attitude. These are slick, competent-and immanently boring-songs from which there is no mentionable standout in quality and style.%And, while Croce shares all those bad qualities with Taylor, he owns none of Taylor’s good qualities which in part make up for the lack of variety. There is no real hint of a personality or a person behind these songs and the word is, again, listen before you buy. --george s kaufman
0
22
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K-W CALENDAR . TEEN -LOUNGE MUSIC WORKSHOP Saturday, Mar. 31 Kitchener Publ,ic Library , 85 Queen St. N., Kitchener o ART EXHIBITION-35 Paintings fro& the Work of The Canadian Society of Painters in Water Colour Waterloo Public Library
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23
-,
graphic by tom mcdonard
,
Th e mindSs ‘other’ realities journey Musson
to lxtlan by Book Company
Carlos (new
Casteneda. York, 1973).
Carlos Castaneda is slipping out of our grasps in an almost inverse relationship to the degree of acclaim his books are gaining. The more you hea,r of Carlos Castaneda, the _ _ less you see. Close to a million copies of his three books have now been sold: The Teachings of Don Juan, A Separate Reality and Journey to Ixtlan. Castenada is deliberately making himself unavailable. Freedom implies anonymity, and sorcery is incompatible with data processing. Castaneda’s life changed remarkably after meeting a strange and ancient South American Indian, don Juan Matus. Castaneda (himself born in Brazil) happened upon don Juan accidentally, in the course of his anthropological studies. At that time, Castaneda was arrogantly gathering information on medicinal plants, while don Juan was quietly accumulating yet another stratum of knowledge. The friendship between the two, who were literally worlds apart, grew slowly and with almost calamitous results for Castaneda. For what happens when our frame of reference about life, ourself, and others shatters? How can we pick up the pieces when we’ve begun to question the validity even of those pieces? This was Castaneda’s predicament. . . the long, slow, lonely and terrifying journey into other worlds. The essential concern of Carlos Castenada’s works is that of consciousness. In fact, the essential concern of all life is consciousness, varying of course in degree and kind. What do we see when we look upon our world, and how can we be so sure that we see what we think we do? How do we explain differences in perceptions and realities amongst different peoples? We of the Western world maintain that our ordinary reality is the only world, yet individuals like don Juan have seen through such ‘made-believable’ worlds- for what they are. Our vision is limited by our endless & planations, hypotheses, assumptions. That ‘good-old common-sense reality’ is arbitrary, restrictive, binding and deadended. There is a frightening tendency to become entrapped and entrenched within the certainties of our minds.
Castaneda’s first two books deal largely with his experiences of psychotropic drugs, notably those in which don Juan claims considerable expertise: peyote, psilocybe and jimson weed. The closed doors of consciousness were jarred open and Castaneda’s barriers to perception were erased. Did strange things happen? Castaneda encountered a sorceress who wanted to kill him; he became a crow and flew away on a trip for three days with other crows; he talked to a bilingual coyote; and saw his car disappear before his eyes. All with a little help, of course, from his psychotropic friends. Such drugs can reduce the ego and facilitate an integration with nature. However, Castaneda was not under the influence of ‘Mescalito’ when he saw his car disappear nor when he talked to the coyote. Don Juan set out to teach Carlos Castaneda about the ways of the warrior and the paths of the man of knowledge. Under his tutelage, Castaneda was able to accept the fact of his one-day, inevitable death. As.a result, he acted more decisively and less in accordance with social expectations. Don Juan’s methods were usually dramatic and always deliberate. His theory of the ‘oneness’ of all life was imparted to Castaneda. In accordance with this philosophy, plants and animals are seen to affect man and must be treated with responsibility, because we are all part of the same plan. Castaneda accumulated a fairly large drug cult audience after his first two books, but in Journey to Ixtlan, a non-drug approach, it becomes apparent that drugs alone don’t allow you to ‘stop the world’. For don Juan, seeing seems to be wondering, or experiencing without interpreting. Both Castaneda and don Juan consider sorcery as a means to that end. When you break up the world’s certainty you learn of another way. At the point where the traditional (or straight) interpretation joins with t,he unrealistic (or stoned) interpretation, man is filled with wonder, and can theoretically stop the wor Id. Several of don Juan’s approaches are questionable. His own set of realities often seem fixed, he is too dogmatic (in spite of a unique philosophy), and he is usually overly dramatic. Yet there is a huge dose of common sense and understanding of human nature contained in his teachings. Castaneda explains the sorcerer’s way of perception : “The problem in sorcery is to tune and trim your body to make it a good receptor. Europeans deal with their bodies as if they were objects. We fill them with alchohol, bad food, and anxiety. When something goes wrong we think germs have invaded the body from outside and so we import some medicine to cure it. The disease is not part of us. Don Juan doesn’t believe that. For him disease is a disharmony between a man and his world. The body is an awareness and must be treated impecca bly.” Castaneda’s writings are worthwhile readings, fascinating accounts of sorcery and of don Juan particularly, and should be given some serious thought in view of man’s social and spiritual situation today. As technology thunders along, man is becoming increasingly caught up in the powers of machines, politics and disenchantment. When will the alienation end? Probably if, and when, man returns to himself. -swan gable
Politics Although the academy award committee tries to keep its annual ceremony as gilded as its famous statuette, reality has the unfortunate habit of occasionally intruding. I conscientiously avoided anything connected to the Oscar give-away for five or six years except for scoffing at the academy’s choices afterwards. But I caught the end of the extravaganza presented tuesday night just in time to see Marlon Brando decline the Oscar for best actor. The refusal by Brando was- startling in the manner in which he did it-sending an Indian woman, Shasheen Littlefeather, to say he spurned the award because of the treatment of Indians by the film industry today. Until that moment no-one seemed to have an inkling of any of Brando’s concern for Indians as depicted in films or with what was happening at Wounded Knee. Oscars have been declined before. George C. Scott refused the award for his role in Patton, and Dalton Trumbo found it impossible to accept the award for the screenplay Spartacus written under an assumed name. But while Trumbo probably would have liked the award, the blacklisting as one of the Hollywood Ten made it impossible for him to come forward. Scott announced when the nominations were made that he would not accept the award. So Brando’s action was different-even political-something that Hollywood is- not used to. Obviously Brando’s action can only be a gesture, no matter how sincerely it is meant. But from the reactions of the audience and celebrity announcers it was as if the man had trampled on an American flag. Shasheen Littlefeather was greeted by boos and some scattered applause as she made her announcement. Slightly shook, whoever controls the buttons betiind stage threw on a film sequence of three happy people gratefully
impinge accepting their awards, ending with Barbra Streisand beaming at her Oscar and saying “hello gorgeous.” Next on to announce best actress awards, were Raquel Welch and Gene Hackman. Welch, who likes to deny the sex goddess image, wore a strapless, formifitting gown that graphically belied her denial. Before reading the names of the nominees, Welch quipped, “I hope they don’t have a cause.” Her hopes were quite unnecessary; they didn’t, and Liza Minnelli was ecstatic to accept the best actress award for her part in Cabaret. Clint Eastwood outdid his own role of Dirty Harry as he stepped to the microphone to disclose the biggie-best picture. He growled something to effect that ‘maybe-he should protest over all the cowboys killed in John Ford westerns. Unfortunately, he was soon upstaged by producer Albert Ruddy, who in accepting the award for the Godfather, proclaimed the Oscar to be the symbol of the American dream. And it probably is. John Wayne, in probably the. best parody ever done of him, called everyone back onto stage and urged them to sing-no, not “America the Beautiful” like I feared for one panic-stricken second-but “You Ought to be in Pictures.” Sure, why not. It’s very tempting to say what does it matter. The only justification for caring about the Brando refusal and subsequent reaction, for producing pages of newspaper copy on the goings-on of the Hollywood elite, is that for once it gave a brief glimpse into the gut-level reaction of the people who are on screen. For a while not everything went as planned, not everything was glittery and perfect. Some of the real world-albeit a small part-intruded into Oscar night, the main symbol of the too-often world of fantasy. -deanna kaufman
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friday,
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30,1973
FEDERATION OF STUDENTS Applications are invited for the Following positions on the EXECUTIVE BOARD of the Federation of Students for 1973-1974: ’
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Chairman, Board of Co-operative Services Chairman, Board of Education Written applications stating qualifications must be submitted to the undersigned not later than 4:30 p.m. Friday, April 6, 1973 Andrew Telegdi President Federation of Students NOTE: These positions are open to any member of the Federation of Students.
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Cost -of Bee-the lower the price, that the Breslau Hotel was one the is fairly large, it would prove the better. the six most frequented pubs but inadequate when the rooms are Hot Food-a wide variety and upon investigation it was felt that filled. comjplete, meals are better than most of its popularity was due to J o k ers Two-The Jokers *Two snacks. the Monday Night Steak Specialfeatures a disc jockey who plays Dance Floe-the larger the dance, However, because we observed records each night from 9 pm to 1 floor the better. some university students during am. The one dollar cover charge Parking-the larger the facilities Olll' initial visit it was, decided to begins at seven o’clock every the better. However, license ac- study the Country Lounge. evening. However, on weekdays comodation of the entire hotel &as Management uses their own there is no cover charge levied on considered. discretion with regard to dress females. This cover charge is Average Age of Customer-a restrictions. Respectable redeemable on any food puryounger. crowd is better. bluejeans are normally allowed. chased. Each night offers various Per cent of Capacity-the more the The Country Lounge is divided into specials such as spaghetti ,or hot merrier. a dining lounge .and a beverage beef. The centrally located dance Washroom-the cleaner the better. lounge. Food is available only in fl oor is‘ not sufficient when the We also took into consideration the the dining lounge. The dance floor room is f size of the washroom facilities as facilities on both sides Of the room Rent--“ P p&s at the Kent” is compared to the license . acwould prove inadequate when the situated on two separate floors,. comodation. room is filled. Due to the banque;Ck,- one ~~l~~g the other. EnThe different hotels” were: l,'OOlllS, phhlg may l'lOt be SUf- @rt&ment issupplied by either a evaluated by giving various fkient at afl tima, especially on band- or a disc jockey. when_ the weights to the different criteria, weekends. rooms are’near capacity the dance for example parking (5). Thus a j floor will prove to be inadequate.* Grand-The Lounge-Dining ,score of between 1-5 could be obThe costof the first 25 pitchers sold Lounge room was studied at the tained for each hotel under this criteria. A final rating of each which occupies approximately $$ each pitcher after this costs place was given by summing the score of the various criteria. A one-third of the room, is separated from the lounge by the dance floor. -The ladies and escorts room rating was done for both weekdays In the dining lounge there is a 50 of the Waterloo Hotel, commonly an& we!e&!nds. cent cover charge which entitles referredto as the Xoo”, was also you to a hamburger, cole.slaw, and studied. This hotel was the only one fries. Blue Moon-The Bier Garten at the - french The food is studied where it was necessary to Blue Moon Hotel offers a shufdefinitely worth the 50 cents but have an escort in order to gain fleboard table and an accordian the clientele is seldom informed of I admittance. However, this policy player for entertainment. No the food they are entitled to. There is usually circumvented by many dance floor is available in this is also a $1.00 deposit on the first _ gentlemen indicating that they are pitcher refundable when you leave room. There is a reasonably wide with a single lady. Although there variety of hot food available. (if- ‘you are sober enough to is no live entertainment, a juke box Liquor is not served in this area of remember. to ask for it). Once is available which many patrons the hotel although it is available in again, this is not made very clear. -- take advantage of. Since no dance Many university There is no deposit or cover charge floor is other rooms. available dancing students frequent this pub because in the Lounge. Dress restrictions sometimes takes place amongst of the food. bar anyone with bluejeans from the tables. On a busy night the entering. Although the dance floor Breslau-The survey indicated parking lot is not adequate. l
hotel notes
L-
evaluation
chart
a d
:
Personalized portraits for a friend or relative ‘Another service of th& Federation of Students - For information, call 8850370 or ext. 2405 or drop in at the.Federation off ice to see samples. Last minute colour graduatidn portaits also available.
-
-
Grand Hoti.meDug huge, ev!vmght l& $2*m pr pitcher l
SOMETIpIR7G DA!l?lFERaNT
no no
large on one third of the room. Cole slaw, french fries, and a hamburger served for this cover charge. (2) No entertainment on Monday or Tuesday. (3) This cost is with entertainmentL Without entertainment the cost is .030 per oz. _ (4) The fist 35 pitchers sold every night cost 931 per oz. Each pitcher after this is 943 per oz. (5) Not applicable to females on ,Mondays, Tuesdays or Wednesdays.
pub \stumbling consumer education, and the scope As part of a research project of the survey. conducted in the Waterloo course It is hoped that the information ILutheran uniyersi ty “Consumption, Consumerism, and contained in this survey will help you, the consumer, make a more the Consumer”, one research team studied the most popular drinking rational choice when selecting a hotel. places for university students. The accompanying table is \a - A survey was conducted to - determine, the six pubs -most comparison of most of- the . categories we examined. Ifrequented by university students (ladies and escort rooms only). The following explanations will The survey was distributed at both hopefully clarify how we arrived at the University of Waterloo and the points assigned: Waterloo Lutheran university. The Mileage-the closer to the results of. the survey indicated that university the better. the Waterloo, Kent, Blue Moon, Cover Charge-no cover charge is Grand, Breslau, and Jokers Two better than having a cover charge. were the most frequented. Something in return for this cover In order that a more complete charge is better than nothing in and proper evaluation of each hotel could be made, each member of return. Restrictions-no dress the survey team (7 people) went to Dress are better than having each hotel three times both on restrictions dress restrictions. weekdays and the wvkend. For purposes of this- study ‘.a ‘weekday A&omodatior+the more people means Monday, Tuesday -..,-or the room is licensed for the more Wednesday; while the weekend is chance you will have of getting a Thursday, Friday or Saturday. 2 table. I The criteria for evaluation were Time of Service-the faster the selected on the basis of objectivity, service, the better.
JOKER’S Wknd
Mileage Cover Charge Dress Restrictions Accomodation Entertainment ( Live) Time of Service Draught Glass Draught Pitcher Bottled Beer I Liquor (Available) Hot Food Dance Floor Parking . Average Age of -4$stomer per cent of Capacity’ Waiter/Waitress Personality Washrooms
5 7 7 5
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 5 7
,
10 i
-
1
1 7 7 4 3
7 7 4 4
10
10,
9 8
8 8
10 0 10 0
9 0 10 0
5 5 9 4 4 96
5 5 9 4 4
1 7 -7 5
i 7 7 5
10 6 0
3
5
4 3 3
4 3 3
10
10 6
8
6 0 0 6
10 9
10 9
4 5
4 4
1 1
5 7
4 6 84
6 6
‘0
0
10 1 0
4
4
1 10
1 10
6 5 4 6 3 -4 3. 75
6 5 4 6 5 4 3 72
5
1
1 \7
7 2 7. 6 5
7 2 7 6 5
10 ’ 10 7
7
10
10
8 6
8 6
5 7 2 7.
7 7 2 7
‘7 7
7 7
1
1
2
2
10 0
6 0
6 4
6 4
10 10 0 10 0
6 10 0 10 0
‘2 00
2
1
1
7 2 ‘11 1, 66/
7 7
10 _ 10 4 6
4 6
1
1
1
1
7 9 7 6 Lo4
7 9 7 6
7
7
1
9
4 2 83 I’
4 ‘2
.
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26
friday,
the chevron
march
30,1973 -;i)
Complete Including
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friday,
march
30,1973
the chevron
27
\Canadian ,ath-letes lose in CIA U sellout and
by Ron Smith George Neeland
The university of Waterloo Men’s Intercollegiate Council has called on all university athletes across Canada to petition the Fitness and Amateur Sports Directorate (FASD) in Ottawa to reverse its decision on athletic eligibility for the upcoming World Student Games. CIAU president Carl Totzke, who is also the athletic director at Waterloo, told the board monday that after negotiating with the federal government for over five months, the government would not budge from their position of opening team membership to any Canadian. The FASD pays for all travel and accomodation costs for athletes going to Moscow august 15 to 25 and is bent on sending any person who can be remotely classified as Canadian. This could quite easily include American born-and-raised university students who have never set foot on Canadian soil but whose mothers were Canadian at one time. The eligibility as laid down by the International ’ University Sports Federation (FISU) states that in rule 101.09, only an association in membership of the FISU may enter \ teams or individuals for the Universaide and in Canada the CIAU is the sanctioning body. It further states that only “students who are officially registered for and pursuing a fulltime course of study at a university or similar institution whose status as a university is recognized by the appropriate national academic authority of their country; they must have
presented themselves at the most recent examination which is normally set during their course of study.” What this means is that only university students attending institutions that are members of the CIAU or CWIAU should be allowed to attend. Unfortunately, for those attending such universities, the international rule is being thrown to the wind.
Americans
( The added Canadian
\\\\
weight is on university athletes.
plus
s The university of western ontario’s wrestling coach, Glynn Leyshon, who has been named to coach the World Championship team in Iran this year,‘has already sent off a letter of protest to his member of parliament. He told the UWO Gazette that he knows of at least 10 wrestlers who are ‘technically’ eligible to make the team. At least 4, one from each Brown, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and ‘-Simon Fraser, located in Canada but a member of the NIAA and not the CIAU, who are sure to make the student team. In the case of swimming and diving for example, there are some 90 americans of which 50 could make the team of 25 swimmers and 6 divers. The intercollegiate council sees that a very significant percentage of athletes in such sports as wrestling, track and field, basketball and, of course, swimming and diving will be either born Americans or Canadians in the United States on athletic scholarships. The council believes the necessary international ex-perience needed for bona fide Canadian athletes attending universities in this country is in jeopardy. With this in mind, the Waterloo council has called on all similar boards to write the FASD and Photo bv tzeowe neeland
White Athletic Director Carl Totzke [left] was trying to get support for the 1975 K-W bid for the world Student Games, the men’s intercollegiate council was concerned about selection of this year’s ‘72 Moscow team members. There is a good chance that over 50 percent of the athletes Canada sends won’t be from the CIAU; many may never have lived In this country at all.
inform all teams and advise individual athletes of the existing situation and ask them to write letters to both the FASD and their members of parliament in Ottawa.
cent American-Canadian quota was placed on our Olympic swimming squad last year. There is no such quota on Americans for the Canadian World Student Ga mes Team. Totzke announced two weeks ago the government will send a contingent of 120 to 130 athletes to Moscow and said the government sees the World Student Games as “just a cut below the Olympics”. Because of this, he said, the government “wants to send a team that will perform well”. He suggested that because of the poor showing of Team Canada and the barring of Bobby Hull from the series, the government would not foot the bill again for any international team which will not perform up to their expectations.
the FASD is again downgrading athletics in Canada instead of advancing them. The idea that there will be 100 per cent Canadian coaches and trainers in Moscow is of little significance or importance if the team is made up of only, say, 60 per cent Canadian Canada will be one of the very educated athletes. few countries to flout the rule. Brazil, for example, would not The FASD is also defeating one of its objectives-that being the allow Jim Adams who attends the scholastic athletic grants meant to U of Toronto to represent their country in the 1970 Games even keep Canadian athletes in Canada though his times would have been to develop a Canadian national good enough to make that sports system which in the future country’s team. would be as good as any in the Hans Fassnatch who was world. ~ ranked first in the world in the By permitting Canadians who 1500 metres in 1970 was banned attend American universities, they from being a part of the German have removed one of the few World Student swim team because incentives which keeps athletes in he attended Long Beach State Canada-namely going to the College. Fassnatch was a finalist in World Student Games. the 1972 Olympics. By doing this, the FASD has Another very explicit case is that reversed its policy on sports-t hey of Gunnar Laarsen who was When asked if the CIAU, which have changed a long-term ranked 6th in the world in the 400 has the sanctioning authority development policy for a short- _ individual medley wasn’t allowed given by the International term goal to really save face in to represent Sweden in 1970, University Student Federation, Moscow this summer. because he attended the would boycott the games, he said Abbie Hoffman wh’o, along with University of Southern California. it wouldn’t. “They (the governBruce Kidd organized Canada’s In 1972 at the Olympics he won ment) would send a team anyway, first entry to the student games in both the 200 and the 400 I.M. no matter who they are,” Totzke Budapest, said she has little faith in the CIAU dealings, organization The reason these countries are said. The CIAU swimming coaches on‘ and rules after their handling of opposed to allowing athletes to march 4 in Calgary however the 1,970 team and believes Canthe Games is simply because they passed a motion to ask the CIAU ada should allow Canadians atdon’t attend university in that to boycott the games if anyone tending American schools to country and because they know other than Canadian university compete. However, Miss Hoff man the United States can ‘buy’ their ,athletes are allowed on the was strongly opposed to any best athletes with scholarships Canadian team. It is unknown if American born, raised and and good facilities, thus keeping coaches associations educated students who never their home programme at a any other have made similar protests to the contributed to the Canadian substandard level. CIAU. sports scene, making the team. In Canada, however, has a number \The reasons the CIAU has given the past Canadians like Harry of athletes who are attending in to the government demands are Jeromg who was attending university in the US. on scholarships. It is estimated that partially money and also the fact Oregon, did make the team, but in up to 75 per cent track and field that if the Union hadn’t gone along 1970 Bill Smart, who won the athletes, 70 per cent of the with these demands to open the Commonwealth bronze medal in swimmers and divers and beteligibility they would have lost all the 800-metre run, was barred ween 40 and 80 per cent of the administrative from going to Torino, Italy, control and wrestling team could be either dealings with FISU. because he contravened a CIAU Canadian students on scholarIf the CIAU did send a team ruling by attending an American school. ships or outright born American. without government assistance, The unfortunate thing is that Two or three basketball players on each school or athlete would have the Canadian athlete training and scholarships may make the team. to pay a portion of their own way. competing in Canada will be the Last year at the Olympics 1964 was an example of how much the situation, a wrestling training camp an the individual had to spend. Only a loser. To correct American who was born in Canada reversal of the FASD ruling is limited number of athletes were but lived nearly all his life in the necessary or the CIAU should sent and any others who had the U.S. and an American citizen was back out of the administrative ability to compete but were not cut from the Amer,ican team. He at the top of the priority list to work as it won’t be a CIAU team ; it came to Canada, tried out and will be a FASD team. The other receive financial assistance would made the team over great protest have had to pay $1,000, of which alternative is for the Canadian from the Olympic coach and of- one university offered its athletes athletes going to Canadian ficials. $25 in assistance. Needless to say universities to boycott the meet The ‘Canadian amateur swimno additional athletes went. and any qualifying competitions. In ming association saw the same Even in 1970 the athletes were this way, it may be demonstrated thing happening to that sport. to pay $160 unless their university that international politics and There are a number of American athletic department would pay saving face have no place on the athletes with one parent a former this nominal fee. athletic field and that FASD can’t Canadian. To stop the possibility Unfortunately, by holding the buy Canadian athletes. of an American ‘B’ team a 10 per carrot money over the CIAU head, 0 The Chevron 1973
Other countries
Boycott
asked
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28
the chevron
friday,
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30,1973
Chevronsports The team and perhaps even more so the coach-Pat Davis-is planning for the future. Pat’s expectations are high but the team will do its best to fill the role. It is all or nothing next year and if anyone can come up from third it has got to be the Waterloo vballers.
Curling
end rewew Only a few make ittothetopof thecompetitive pill&;-as one moves up, another *must move down. Fat’ those who do not choose to compete there is no tbp and no bottom -all levels are one. Competition is for those who revel in the struggle for the top; participation is for those who wish only to enjoy themselves.
Wrestling The Warriors fell short in their bid for a fourth OUAA wrestling championship this year. They were defeated by Western 65-56 in the championship meet held in Windsor. Warriors did have a fine showing and placed eight of 10 wrestlers in the top three. They were John Buda, Scott Marshall, Al Kalbfleisch, Fred Scheel, Don Spink, Egon Beiler, Tim Wenzel, and Jim Shelly. Egon Beiler and Tim Wenzel both won the Ontario championship. Due to injury Egon wasn’t able to compete in the CIAU meet, but Tim came through to win the natio!als. Clive Llewellyn finished second to Egon and went in his place to the nationals. He was the eventual winner, so Egon lost out on a championship. The Warriors sho&d be in fine shape for, next season even with the loss of 3 veteran wrestlersBuda, Spink and Scheel. John hopes to play for the Calgary * Stampeders while Don plans to go to Western for medicine and Fred .hopes to teach. Next season won’t come soon enough for the warriors to avenge their loss to Western. The summer is packed with wrestling and some warriors are sure to go to the junior world championships (Miami), the student games (Moscow), and the world championships (Iran). In January\ they will have the Commonwealth games (New Zealand).
I
,
the OUAA, were thwarted once again this year in their attempt for national supremacy. They were downed by the Windsor Lancers in theOUAAplaydownsand so never made it to the CIAU finals. Bill Ross, Ed Dragan, Paul Bilewicz, Mike Zuwerkalow and Tom Kieswetter all are probably leaving the warrior ranks upon graduation, but several could return depending on their decision regarding grad work. Even with a-11this talent likely to be lost, the warriors outlook for next year is still good. The team hopes are high for another run at the national title. Next season will also be the, inaugural season for the b-ball junior varsity squad which could have been used for many years now.
third-year
Aylmer and Brenda third-year kin, from
math,
from
Grant, lead, Ottawa. The lead and second *made up the heavy sweeping front end. The girls were not as successful in the bonspiel as last year, but had big shoes to fill after winning the OWlAA curlingchampionship in ‘72. J The team was 2-3 in the sectional The playdowns-winning ficulty against Guelph 8-4 and McMaster losses 10-2, but losing to Windsor 8-7,
Men’s track tracksters had some d\ifadjusting to the personnel it suffered last year. The
The ‘72-73 basketball season for the athenas b-ball squad, coached by Sally Kemp, was mostly a rebuilding year as five new faces were on the team. The team started off strongly and up until the Christmas break was a real threat. However after they returned from the holiday they couldn’t get started again, finishing the year with four wins and six losses. Theathenas will be losing two of their strongest players, as Jane Liddell and Toos Simons are both graduating from the Kin program. Next season looks promising and they should muster a much improved, more experienced team.
Women’s v-ball ‘
The hockey team was in another building year again this season. They started.out. strong and at times it was thought they could ‘dethrone U of T but they faltered’ a little in mid season. The interest of some of the team members turned from hockey to academics as the season reached its final stages. This was one of the reasons for a lesser performance. in the latter part of the season. The warriors made the OUAA play-offs but had to face U of T in the first round and failed to make it any further. They will start off next year with a strong group of veterans and hopefully some good rookies.
What can be done? Well the athena volleyball team-is about to find out. Their final standing, third in Ontario behind Western and Toronto, didn’t sit well with them and they are really striving to improve for the up-coming season. The loss of three veteran players, Jane Fraser, Di Scarfe, and Judy Wilcox, won’t help the team, but adjustments will be made to compensate. A lot of training is being planned for the summer months beginning with a short trip td’florida. This .trip is mainly for fun in the sun, but what better place is there to play volleyball than a hot Florida beach. York university is hosting a seminar in mid-june and many of our girls are planning to attend. In august the athenas have a chance to be involved in a junior development camp. In the mean time a strict training schedule will keep their summer fit and busy.
The warriors b-ball team, although ranked number one in the nation for most of the yea?, and finishing first -in their division of
second,
Women’s b-ball
Hockey
Men’s b-ball
The athena curling team members in -1972-73 were Pat Monroe, skip from first year math, who recently competed for Ontario in the finals in the Junior Tankard; Anne Mallon, vice, thirdyear math, also from Toronto, who participated on the 1971-72 curling team; Allana Chipps,
Western 8-4, and WLU 7-6. The game against WLU was an important one, for winning it would have meant a berth in the championship round in Guelph. Coming down to the wire they needed a take-out in the last end to assure a win, but were unable to make it. Lutheran took two points to win the game. The next goal then was to win the consolation in Guelph. On february 9 and 10 they blazed ahead with a record of 3-1winning against Queens 11-8, Carleton 11-6, and McMaster 8-4 and losing only to Guelph 6-4. It came right down to the wiie on points and a big upset by Carleton over Guelph gave Waterloo sole possession of consolation. The girls all played well and an honourable mention should go to Pat Monroe for her outstanding effort and superb skipping ability. The team would like also to thank Judy Moore, the coach, who was an inspiration and morale booster.
Lutheran In the “Big League” Noiv A 50 metre swimming pool, given a preview of the new basketball court with a rubbuilding last week, and by all berized floor, and a colour indications the facility will be an scheme of red, purple and gold important addition for Lutheran are just some of the features of and possibly the twin cities. what is probably the most Construction on the athletic economically built athletic complex at the corner of complex in the country-and it’s University and King began in just down the street. december 1971 (not ‘72 as their Waterloo Lutheran students - handout says) and largely comand the Chevron sports staff were pleted twelve months later.
losses were not only the result of graduations but also because of new interests developed by some of last year’s team members. The team was strong in the middle and long-distance events but slipped in the sprints and field events. There were hopes at the beginning of the year of retaining the OUAA championships with-the’ return, after an absence, of Glen Arbeau, Dave Northy, Murray Hale, Gord Robertson and Bruntz Walker. Hopes rose.even higher with the arrival on campus of rookies Mike Lanigan, Grey Bennett and Kim Ransom. These hopes were never realized as the tracksters fell to fourth-in the OUAA championship after four years in succession in the number one spot. This was the first year that there was an official OUAA indoor championship meet. The tracksters had problems fielding a team because of injuries -and heavy course loads and therefore did not come up with their best possible showing. The losses this year are going to be heavier than last. George Neeland, a member of Canada’s national team for the last five years and a member .of the 1970
Funding for the $1.8 million building cam& through private individuals, not the government as is usually the case, and thus m,ade the size possible. The gym will have seating for 2,500 people, or the entire student body at Lutheran. When the bleachers are folded away there is room for three basketball courts, or four volleyball courts, or eight badminton courts. The most revolutionary concept in the building is the floor surface for the gym and combatives room. Both have a 3M synthetic rub,ber@ed surface. In order to avoid any seams on the playing surface the material, which is like that used for artificial football surfaces, was poured like cement (in four sections) over the entire gym. The surface has a slight bounce to it when running but will not affect the- rebound of a basketball. The new 50 metre swimming pool is K-W’s first long course training facility and hopefully (won’t be the last. There are unfortunately only six lanes in the pool instead of the usual eight (all new university complexes built in the past few years have eight lanes), which would have made it available for national open championship meets. One and three metre boards are located at the west end of the pool and can be separated from a short course swimming area by a’ bulkhead. The sides of the gutters to below the water line are painted purple as- are the turn targets. This dark colour unfortunately may cause trouble in competitive swimming. The targets only go approximately three feet down into the pool whereas most continue right to the bottom. Nevertheless the pool could become the most important aspect of the entire complex of both the school and community. The small combatives room has a tartan surface and will be getting an additional $5,000 worth of padding for the walls. It will be used for wrestling, judo and karate. Spectators can view the activities in the room from a huge second floor window. The complex also has four singles squash courts but unfortunately no doubles court. Also these courts have expoged or hanging ceiling lights and thus the rooms can’t be used for other activities such as handball or
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Mimi Kennedy, Mary Kiviste, and determinedly, but were foiled by u ’ included f?i.ka’ Wedding, Lynn Freda Sochasky ,had a good of T in the end and finished-second Webster, Jackie Sharpe, Cgrallyn seasonal record and were the core in the league. Bowes and Sheilagh Tippett. The team was coached by Bob of otir team spirit. . Poor coach shakes her head’ Maggie Cunningham Burgess. and when she’thinks of next year, for Nancee McDonald providti the . once again. she is losing a subThe girls competed in tht%e invitational meets, hosted by.’ ekperience and depth t;d our team. lstaritial number of her ex’ ,Waterloo, Toronto,-and McMaster, They placed runners-up in the first perienced players. Graduating will placing a consistent second place and second singles, while Maggie be her top scorers, prolific Toos :in all three. Waterloo finished on and Wendy MacKbigan tamed to Simons, to get her MRS degree top pf the league with 27 points, place as runners-up in the first and. Pat. Binnersley to OCE. Also closely followed by Queens with’26’ doubles slo$ ’ goingwill be her flyini rookie wing I The team @aced fourth of 12 %,Sue Murphy to OCE and over the , and Mat with 2% ’ . I. An investigation, is still under, teams (99 points) this year hill ,Judy Schaming to Guelph.. way concerning a protest by, behind a strong Queens (152 pts), Forthe first time this year, field Queens that one of their times was western (119), and toronto (115). hockey was awarded an MVP not recorded. If this turns out to The Ry+=son Invitational saw a award. No-one was more deserbe the ~a=, Queens and Waterloo team of ‘McDonald, Kennm. ving than the recipient, Brenda ’ in’ the -Kiviste, and Russwurm, win this will rlh)v8.pg$tions Echardt We wish herand Di Hosie first anm,Jat tournament that w8. Iuck and continues success as . ’ standifigs, stiM an, impressive will return to defend I next year, showing fo3 the Waterloo girls. they work this summer tq gain a Our young team of this year wilt p&e on the Ontario junior team Rika Wedding holds a. third which travels to Bumaby, 8.C. place tie in the individual stan- , be stronger and more experienm next year. Coach Judy Moore Another first , this year is the dings and Lynn is tied for eighth + rookie of the year award or the “4 ’ 5 place. All the girls enjoyed the predicts a better overall stariding as wtill as better individual per- .can’t believe. ) played the whole dowpetition this year despite game” &ward. Competition for it /P/ weather that just wouldn’t coformances for next year. was pretty tough but Clara Kisko ,operate. Think snow; maybe we edged out her r&&&and tripped will‘get some next year.) _ .home with her trop&& -I‘i . . Th,s. years 1 wOmen t s varsity “We scoop, we drive, W: push Swimming and sometimes we fl/ck”-with There was a lot to cheer about badminton team had -young firstthese would be famous words, the ,year students. Ann Russwurm, athena field hockey team launched this Year around the swimming The women’s squad into thejr 1972 &son, with en- Pool-. thusiasm, speed, determination recaptured the OWlAA champhoto by god moore and a lot of singing...if only skift PionshiPs and ptaced second in the nationals. Thelmen, on the and experience could have been other hand, came . second to added th the list. ’ Toronto in the OlJAA’s, the high&t Coach Judy Moore’s’plans were plagued by the lack of experienced Pbcing ever, and then in CatgarY. fifth. Nearly players but did that stop her. 7 placed a respectable Nope. She ran us ragged, bullied every team record on both the us to ‘death, scoopedus to the -men’s and Women's squad fell by ’ ‘verge- of insanity, drove us to ‘the boards. The ‘swimmin’ women’ werb the exhaustion and then started her team ever put together practice. She entered us in so strongest in the OWIAA The year’s record of many exhibition games that, when we encountered with a league comihg ihird in the U of W Invitational, trouncing the New York game, it was a piece of cake. Foremost on the exhibition list State champs---ithaca college, who was our trip to Valley Farm in ‘hadn’t lost in five years at homeMidhiga n. Four days of roughing it combined with scoring 381 points’ in the wilds of Michigan do a lot to to win are jest some of the ac1 bring a team together. The surcomplishmentsh . I I vivors of the eight games- brought . a back invaluable experience and. The women also won the Guelph learned a lot about hockey too. We r&lays bringing home 60 per dent came away with a 5-2-l WTL of the ribbons. Team members record, to say nothing of the more also hold over 50 per cent of the intangible rewards such as aches, league records, and if you ‘include . pains, blisters, bruises and the the relajr events this figure wpuld occasionat scar or two. come close-to 75 per cent. A new addition to the exhibition Outstanding individuals this schedule this season was the year include Maida’ Murray, the Invit$ionaI Tournament at recipient of the rookie award, who’ Queens. Que;ens did their best to I won nearly all of the ‘races she freeze and mud us out and when “, entered. Her twin sister, Marg, that failed, they tried to sabotage was also outstanding in the back the team by sending a rather stroke, as was Judy Abbotts in the inebriated..footbaII fan. down to fly and Sue Alder-son in the bribe our goaly with some of his freestyle sprints. LiF Saund&s and finer liquid .refreshmetit. Maryanne Schuett came a long. But the methods were futile as way in the breaststroke, while Joy Guelph, Queens and Mat were all Stratten proved to\be a top leader beaten 2-O and the inevitable T.O. in and out of the Qool at all the squad was tied O-O. All thbse shutmeets. ihe list goes sn. outs made our defense and their rather sober goaiy prodd, to say A number of outstanding perthe least. ’ formances should be noted, With the tartan floor the large province. Similar buildings could By now even the rookies were among them the 800-freestyle gym will no doubt double as a and should be built across Onshaping up and we were ready for .relay win the OUAa’s over the U of field house for coach Knight’s tario adjacent to high schools and Golden Hawks and for the track public schools. Such a complex league play. We had the advantage ‘T; Lester Newby winning the oneteam during the winter months. wbuld be much more functional of home pitch going into Ihe metre competition at the OuAA’s Now that there is a swing towards - than building a separate western sectionals. Who knows and third place in the nationals; \ .an indoor winter track season the swimming pool and separate w!at the outcome might have I Ian Taylor, in his first year with the new building becomes very gyms or other athletic facilitie# been without the 1 rather warriors, was the other individual important. in the community or schools. The boisterous support of our stalwart OUAA champion-in the 400 yard The prefabricated metal Lutheran athletic complex could fans who braved the cold and wet individual medley. * roofing is another revolutionar’y act as a model for the entire to cheer us on? ,In all, eight women and iine feature of the building which not province. only cut down in construction and Coaches are called upon to’do . men made thenationals in Calgary As it stands now the complex material costs. but also sped up will be a boon to Lutheran’s many things and are not even ‘and helped lead the OWIAA and construction time* All conexpanding -athletic programme, daunted by having to dress their OUAA to win the national titles. sidered, the cost coupled with the and the U of W-WLU rivalry will rookies o,n the sidelines before the Next year there will be a number facilities enclosed, it’s a fine be on a much wider front next game against Western. Tying% of graduations including Joy building and should be seen by season. ’ Western l-l was ,-anti-climactic Stratten,\ George Roy and Rolfe anyone thinking of spending a The official opening &ll be on I after the traumatic experience M&wan. Even So, the team-could large amount on any individual april 6th, with Jack McNie, and th e weekend ended with a be as strong or stronger than they complexes in smaller cornminister of colleges and total of five of a possible six points. were this year and their goals will ,mu&ties thl;oughout the universities present. The athena’s field hockey- team be to place even ‘higher on the fought throughout the year national level. _ ,,
World I Student Games team, group of outstanding athletes. The whose main $e&aiity is the sprint question is how .long will this process take and will the hurdles, will be. missed. be on the future Glen Arbeau; who has been a replacements. . member of Canada’s national team at the sameltime. team and is an OUAA record holder in the javelin, will be dif- V\COl’Ylel’l’S ficult to repla,ce for a long time. ’ !,This year for ,both the -indoor . The services of Bill Lindly, and outdoor seasons, the athena’s nationally ranked and outstanding . trackster this year, will be missed track and field teams ,have been very small. There was slight in the triple\ and long jump. ln”the distance races the resemblance to the championship . ‘warriors will be without Bruntz‘ team of only one year before. Although the.girls tried their best, walker and Dan Anderson. Bruntz, by doubling events and making who has yet to reach his potential, relay teams, they was always a. threat in any race he last minute rah. The team lea&rship,will have coul&‘t recapture their OWIAA to & taken owr by a n6.w title during the butdoor .seasOn. ‘Members.of the team were Mary trackster n&t year as it will be Cummings, .Judy Halaiko, Anna vacant with Anderson’s departure. Pat Reid, who p&ed the d&T Pollock,Marion Todd, JitJ Richardson, Brenda ,Grant, and .ro!e of manager .arid competitor, the team’s drily shot-put.ter land. Debbie La Satle. The indoor team members ,were. discus thrower this past season, will also be heading to a- new life. -Mar@; Cummings and Liz Damman. Th;e track and field team will --Most of- these girls, along with. will be also be looking for a new coach as coach Gerhard Griebenow at it again next, year trying to Arthur’ Taylor has retired. He +e;rves in or@ to spend more time fe@in the lost titte. , with his family and with his own training. \ -_ But all should not look too bad, for those that are leaving will ; Members of Waterloo’s women’s eventually be replaced by a new s-ki team,for the 1972-73 season
track
Skiing
paddleball. ’ . A univtirsal E-man station ’ weight machine is already in full use iir, the weight room. More equipment was being purchased includihg a leg conditioning station which will be put in good use by their championship football squad. With only a very few- physical education courses being taught, the need for excessive classroom space is not required at Lutheran. Because “of this the , three rooms have portable walls and can become one large room. I Next to the large teaching area is the Letterman’s Lounge. This meeting rwm, already fur&shed - by the Athletic Club, has a kit. chenette and will shortly have the winning teams and -outstanding athletes pictFes hanging on the walls. There are sk’ offices ‘for the expanding athletic department which will include ‘a full-time hockey coach, swimming coach, co-ordinator of women’s athletics, .and of course, Don. Smith, WLU”s basketball coach, and Athletic Director-football coach David Knight. While the Uniwat complex is . very dull and overpowering with the grey concrete walls and stairs and the pale yellow,, gieen or ‘white here and th&e, Lutheran’s complex presents’ a very warm atmosphere. The halls are a brighter gold, mixed with pur\ ple-the school colours. There . are huge signs painted in a mod fashion directing people to the gym or pool at both ends of the building. Even the lockers are alternate purple and gold. The entire building is scaled to human size, and doesn’t waste spabe with super highFeilings or wide balls. Although there are ‘a few shortcomings in the new athletic facility, the complex is really an exceptionallyfunctional building. With only Z,!%O students at WLU, nearly everyone will be able to use any’ part of the facility to the maximum amount desired. The squash courts, like Uniwat’s, will be running at full capacity and 1 the large pool can hold up to 389 ‘swimmers and divers at dnce. The seats in the gym can be pulled out,in just four minutes, thus allowing intramural use and intercollegiate teams to practice closer to game time with out .being ‘reinoved’ because the seats have to, coine out three h_ours before the tip off. ’ . \ .,
- Ba,dminton
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the chevron
friday,
by Don
march
SO,1973
Humphries
The death threatening Canadian universities is real, the current enrolment decline causing havoc. Massive layoffs of faculty and staff, justifiable or not, are occurring-supposedly to correct a fiscal crisis (i.e. to balance the budget). The enrolment decline has just started with students staying away because of increased costs, such as tuition fee hikes. Dim employment prospects, despite the large personal debt incurred to obtain a degree, is another contributing factor. In Quebec, the government faces a problem similar to one which faced English Canada three years ago. Too many students are attending universities for the jobs available and many more- will come unless enrolment is restricted. Accordingly the government is tightening the financial strings. Quebecois students, unlike those in English Canada, do not have to pay their tuition fees at the start of the term. The government wants the financial arrangements to correspond wjth those in English Canada and/or McGill University. Students at the Universite du Quebec a Montre%l (UQAM) believe the move will eliminate 3,000 of that institution’s 11,QQO students. Understandably upset, the students went on strike for five weeks beginning january 26, demanding that fees payment not be. mandatory until three years after graduation and then only if the students are employed in their specialized field of study. The government has pushed back implementation of its plan until septem ber, and students returned to classes talking about striking again in the fall to obtain their demands. In Canada, the Ontario Federation of Students (OFS) fee strike flopped because student governments were afraid to effectively back demands for lower fees and a smaller loan portion of student aid. The government, knowing it had little to fear from OFS, ignored all protests and is talking about making students pay an even larger share of the cost of their education. In 1966 a federal-provincial conference was convened to discuss federal government proposals for increased funding of post-secondary education. For years the National Conference of Canadian Universities (now the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada)
Sounding off on liberal education, lobbied heavily for increased federal funding and met some success. The lobbying was capped off in 1966 when former prime minister Lester B. Pearson presented provincial politicians with a proposal for massive transfers of federal tax revenue to the provinces to cover the expenses of increased educational opportunities. Pearson prefaced the proposals by saying, “Apart altogether from the general interest in fostering equality of opportunity for Canadians, wherever they may live or wherever they may be brought up, the federal government has specific and particular responsibilities to which higher education is relevent. While education itself is p.rovincial, the federal government accepts primary responsibility for employment and economic activity ,generally in the country. . . . It is the responsibility of the federal government to devise and apply national policies and measures that are necessary to ensure that the economy of Canada will continue to .expand and will become increasingly productive, in order that there may be full employment and an increasing level of prosperity for all our citizens.” Those words ot optimism were shattered in three short years by the reality of mass graduate unemployment. Clearly the blame for such a sudden reversal cannot be put only on the Trudeau government’s nowabandoned inflation-fighting policy of
created unemployment. The answer much in the past as the present.
Development education
lies as
of
Canada has historically developed because of the ability of other nations to exploit our natural resources for their own benefit. The process started with the French and British seeking furs and fish. Now the Americans seek our oil, minerals and water. The development of education in Canada closely follows the changes in our economic system. Universities, which serve as models for the rest of the country, have always been located in the dominant economic centres. Cultural leadership accompanies the economic dominance. Before 1850, the Maritimes, closely tied to to British trading interests, was the most economically advanced region of British North America. And the earliest universities were established there. In both the Atlantic provinces and Upper Canada (Ontario), the first institutions of higher learning were church colleges. The struggle of various religious sects against the domination of I the Church of England closely paralleled the struggle of the colonial merchant class against the appointed governing elite tied to British trading interests. Early in Canadian history, Montreal was an important centre of trade and McGill University soon became a leading university. By 1900, the replacement of the . “wind and water” economy by a technologically sophisticated industrialized capitalism was complete, replacing the Maritimes with central Canada as the economic leader, while Toronto rivalled Montreal as the dominant metropolitan centre. Following the turn of the century, growing American influence in Canada led Canadian universities to look to the United States rather than Great Britain for models for development. The economic dominance of central Canada made McGill and the University of Toronto the models for new universities in the west. The University of British Columbia began as a college of McGill and western provincial universities adopted U of T’s governing structure. Because the economic and educational system of the Maritime provinces made little progress after 1900, curriculum and
organization of the Atlantic universities escaped until recently much of the American influence transmitted through the U of T. The universities served the minority of Canadian people who could afford to give their sons a “higher education”. Women had virtually no place in the affairs of the state and little in the university. The campuses were financed by tuition fees, provincial grants, and donations from wealthy entrepreneurs and companies. This roughly self-sustaining relationship lasted until the end of the Second World War. As part of the federal government’s veterans’ rehabilitation program after World War II, universities were given an outright grant of $150 for every veteran attending and certified by the department of veterans’ affairs. The grant represented the first time universities received direct federal aid, with previously indirect support through research grants. When the influx of veterans started to subside, universities were faced with a shortage of money. The shortage was solved with the timely help of a concerned federal government. In june of 1951, the St. Laurent Liberal government instituted a system of direct grants to universities based on the population of the province. A grant of 50 cents per capita was distributed in proportion to enrolment. This system was supposedly based on the recommendations of the Royal Commission on National Development (the Massey Commission). In 1956, the National Conference of Canadian Universities (NCCU) announced greater numbers of professional graduates would be needed for economic expansion in the immediate future. The declaration from the administration group was part of a submission Ito the Royal Commission on Canada’s Economic Prospects. Playing on Cold War tensions, the brief also made pointed reference to the expansion of the Soviet educational system and reports of great technological advances being made by the Soviets. The St. Laurent government’s last throne speech in 1957, doubled the direct grant to universities to $1 per capita, and called for the establishment of the Canada Council. The Council was designed to support research and graduate study in the humanities and social sciences. For many
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years the National Research Council (NRC) -had funded research ‘in the natural A sciences. The Canada Council was given trusteeship of a $50 mil.lion universities capital grants fund. The fund, now exhausted, provided grants allocated by provincial population for construction of humanities and social sciences buildings. The Diefenbaker government wh-ich followed St. Laurent increased the grant by 50 per cent in 1958 to $1.50 per capita. In 1960, the National Housing Act was amended to make universities and colleges eligible for loans to cover the cost of building student residences. Under the rule of Maurice Duplessis, ‘Quebec had rejected Ottawa’s first proposal for grants as an infringement on provincial rights. After the first year of operation, Quebec universities were prohibited from accepting federal grants. In 1956, the NCCU began holding money allocated for the Quebec universities in trust, and with the death of Duplessis and the election of the provincial Liberals in 1960, agreement on distribution of federal funds took place. One per cent of the federal corporation tax was allocated to Quebec and adjusted to the level of other province’s grants. In 1962, the direct grant was raised to $2 per capita-in six years, a 400 per cent increase in federal funding. .It was still not enoughto satisfy the administrators who stepped up the lobby for fede’ral~~money. They presented detailed briefs requesting more funds to Pearson in may 1963 and to finance minister Walter Gordon in decem ber 1963. The Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT), the faculty lobby, got into the act in 1964 by presenting a brief to the federal government advocating increased operating and capital expenditures. A great help to students needing financial assistance, the Canada Student Loans Plan was initiated in 1964-to provide loans for full-time post-secondary students. The government pays the interest on the loan prior to graduation. ,
Canadians identify. themselves The Canadian Universities Foundation, the executive arm of the NCCU, made the crowning move of the !obby campaign by appointing an “independent” commission to report on the future financial needs of universities. This commission provided the justification for the massive federal funding universities now enjoy. . Entitled, “Financing Higher Education In Canada”, the 1965 report advocated an immediate increase in the federal grant to $5 per capita and a further automatic increase of $1 per capita each year thereafter. The chairman of this independent commission, Vincent Bladen, M.A., LLD., D.Litt., F.R.S.C., was dean of arts and sciences at the University of Toronto. All of the commission members were directly involved in the governing of universities at the highest levels. The report glowingly refers to the American example of providing vast
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amounts of money ‘for post-secondary education as part of the hysterical American campaign against the “international communist conspiracy”. It goes on to quote from section 101 of the U.S. National Defence Education Act as /amended in 1963: “The Congress hereby finds and declares that the security .,of the Nation requires the fullest development of the mental resourses and technical skills of its young men and women. The present emergency -demands I additional and more adequate ; opportunities be made I educational available. The defense of the Nation depends upon the mastery of modern techniques developed from complex scientific principles. It now ,depends as well. upon the, discovery and -development of new principles, new techniques and new knowledge. We must increase our-efforts to identify and educate more of the tatent of our Nation. This requires programs that will give assurancethat no student of ability will be denied an opportunity to higher education because ;of financial need; will correct as rapidly as possible the existing’imbalances in our education programs which have led to an insufficient proportion of our population educated in science, . mathematics, and modern foreign _ languages and trained in technology.” “Canadians -I identify themselves with these aims and share them enthusiastically,” droned the report. The Pearson government acted quickly on the Bladen Report’s recommendations, providing the $5 per capita grant in 1966. An additional $3 per capita grant was handed out for the 1966-67 academic year. To permanently settle the question of postsecondary education financing, a federalprovincial conference in october,‘J966 set up the present system of federal financing. to their, and the universities’ advantage. Avoiding the sticky question of provincial authority over education, the federal government proposed a system of tax transfers and equalization grants to the provinces if they agreed to accept total responsibility for education financing. The provinces agreed because it was very much to their, and the universities’ advantage. The Federal-Provincial Fiscal Arrangements Act, 1967, allocates funds to cover up to ‘50 per cent of the operating costs of post-secondary. educational in- ,> stitutions, .or $15 per capita, whichever is greater. Th.e Act covers university, professional, technical and’ vocational education requiring at least junior matriculation for entrance. It assumed complete responsibility for adult training assistance programs. In 1966-67, before the Act took effect, the total amount of grants paid to universities was $87,053,000. The following year, ‘67‘68, $422.3 million came out of federal coffers- for post-secondary education. This year (1972-73), $971.8 million will be funnelled through the Act. Within ten ‘years, the federal government’srole had risen dramatically to meet the demands of an expanding educational system. Buildings were erected, teachers were hired, and students were drawn by the promise of a pot of gold at the end ofthe university rainbow. But while students were questioning the worth of a university degree, the forces of the non-university ’ world were at work, confirming the worst fears of many. In 1968, with the kind help and able assistance of Canada’s mass media and large corporations, Pierre Elliot Trudeau was elected prime minister of Canada:The fight Trudeau has launched against inflation has not only put the ordinary worker out of a job, but affected great numbers of highly-“trained university graduates in the process. -
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member: Canadian university press (CUP) and Ontario weekly newspaper association (OWNA). The chevron is typeset by dumont press graphix and published fifty-two times a year (19721973) by the federation of students, incorporated, university of Waterloo. Content is the responsibility of the chevron staff, independent of the federation. Offices are located in the campus centre; phone (519) 885~1660,885~1661 or university local 2331; telex 069-5248. Circulation
: 13,000
Ttiis issue’s staff included deanna kaufman, john keyes, susanjohnson, dudley Paul, nick savage, that mild mannered pooch Sasha, frank goldspink, chuck stoody, ‘george kaufman, murray noll, john morris, ron colpitts, liz willick, gord’moore, david cubberiey, brian cere, paul stuewe, tom mcdonald, tony jenkins, david hunsberger, dick mcgill, alain pratte, george neeland and ron smith in sports with wheels, judy, moore, brute draper, kwaz and fuzz, jbr, Chris toplack, Susan gabel, met rotman, susan white, Catherine murray, bill aird, shane roberts, david robertson, Charlotte buchan in her unabashed glory, and the ever present rudy. We close with a\ friendly hello to both alex podnick at the varsity (you think you had troubles this year), and to dennis mcgann in surrey, british columbia. also a usually unspoken thank-you to all the people at Dumont Press .-.\ for a job well done. ._
32
the chevron
friday,
march
30,1973