Substantive Clauses. F. Indirect
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Questions.
300. I. IndirectQuestions are Substantive Clauses used after verbs of asking, il~quiring, telling, and the like. They take their verb in the Subjunctive'! Like Direct Questions (see § I62) they may be introduceda) By Interrogative Pronouns or Adverbs j as,die mihi ubi fueris, quid feceris, tell me where you were, what you did; oculis judicari non potest in utram partem fluat Arar, it cannot be determined by the eye in wlzich direaion the Arar flows; bis bina quot essent, nesciebat, he did not know how many two times two were. NOTE. - Care should be taken to distinguish Indirect Questions from Relative Clauses. The difference between the two appears clearly in the following: effugere nemo id potest quod futurum est, no 01U can escape what is' destined to come to pass; but saepe autem ne utile quidem est seir~ quid futurum sit, but often it is not evC1tuseful to know what is coming to pass.
b) By Dum or -ne, without distinction of meaning; as,Epaminondas quaesivit num salvus esset clipeus, or salvusne esset elipeus, Epami1lO1zdas aseed whether his shield was safe; disputatur Dum interire virtus in homine possit, 1M questio« is raised whether virtue can die z"1za man ; ex Socrate quaesitum est nonne AreheHium beatum putaret, the questztm was asked of Socrates wlzether he did 1ZOtthink Archeiaus happy. NOTE.-Nonne in Indirect Questions occurs only after quaere, as in the last example above. 2. Often the Indirect Question represents a Deliberative Subjunctive of the direct discourse j as,-
nescio quid faciam, I do not k1zow wlzat to do. (Direct: quid faciam, wlzat shall I do 1) 1
Exclamations, also, upon becoming indirect, take the Subjunctive, as
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stderA quam variae slnt hominum cupidlnes, consider hoio varied are t!esires of men. (Direct: quam variae sunt horhinum cupldin~8!)
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