BEC State Wide Presentation, Community Health Summit @ Kingsley Association, Pittsburgh, PA by UrbanKind Institute

Pittsburgh’s Black Equity Coalition

COVID-19 is requiring the entire world to become agile, iterative, collaborative, innovative, and transformative!

29 Year Inflection Points

Rental and Mortgage Moratorium Lifted Political Division, Armed Civil Unrest

AI and Machine Learning

Racial Equity Ecosystem

2022

2024 2023

2021

COVID Impact and Recovery Initiatives

Climate Change

2026 2025

Income Inequality

Dead Oceans

2040 2030

Medicare Collapse

2050 2048

US Population Shift

70% of the Worlds Population shifts to Urban Corridors

Reimagining our Work Moving from Systems Change to Co-Created Ecosystems

Systems

Ecosystems

Black Equity Coalition – Working Groups The Huddle Black COVID-19 Statewide Coalition

Black COVID-19 Data Working Group

Black COVID-19 Community Health Equity Group

Black COVID-19 FQHC Taskforce

Black COVID-19 Policy Taskforce

COVID-19 Black Business Taskforce Black COVID-19 Community Engagement Taskforce

COVID-19 has revealed addition al shocks and stressors at play within communities

Social Determinants of Health Economic Stability • • • •

Education

Employment Food Insecurity Housing Instability Poverty

• • • •

Early Childhood Education and Development Enrollment in Higher Education High School Graduation Language and Literacy

SDoH

Neighborhood and Built Environment • • • •

Access to Foods that Support Healthy Eating Patterns Crime and Violence Environmental Conditions Quality of Housing

Social and Community Context 05 04

Health & Health Care • • •

Access to Health Care Access to Primary Care Health Literacy

• • • •

Civic Participation Discrimination Incarceration Social Cohesion

Economic Stability • Implement the Marshall Plan for Middle America • Foster Innovation Labs • Develop strategic collaborations to address food needs • Explore sustainable housing approaches to mitigate poverty

Education • Optimize Early Childhood Education and Development • Partner with Community Colleges to link to machine learning • Link learning to AI and Robotics • Enrollment in Higher Education • High School Graduation

Social and Community Context • • • •

Civic Participation Discrimination Incarceration Social Cohesion

Health & Health Care • Access to Health

Care • Access to Primary Care • Health Literacy

Neighborhoo d and Built Environment • Crime and Violence • Environmental Conditions • Quality of Housing • Access to Foods that Support Healthy Eating Patterns

BEC Statewide Research Lab

Black Equi ty Coalition Outreach

Goals and Next Steps Establish a community oriented primary and preventative care infrastructure Employ a Health Social Equity Lens Operational co-leadership Optimize FQHCs Produce Culturally Relevant Data Promote Equitable Responses to COVID-19 Co-create contact tracing approaches and trainings-explore Sentinel Surveillance model Address Institutional Racism and Structural Impediments Unify Statewide Coalition objectives

Creating a Local to Global Framewor k

PA Essential Worker Analysis January 2020

In PA, our analysis (made possible by PA’s well-organized closure order) suggested that the categories of closure encompassed about 190,000 businesses and 2.4M workers (many of whom could work remotely and some of whom received waivers to remain open physically).

Allegheny County

683,946 total jobs

Pennsylvania 5,430,766 total jobs

3,045,280 essential jobs (56.1%) 364,988 essential jobs (53.4% Of which: %) 961,012 are health care Of which: workers 129,571 are health care (32% of ess. jobs) workers 763,383 held by people of color (36% of ess. jobs) (25% of ess. jobs) Source:72,563 Fourth Economy held analysis. byQWI people 2020 Q1 Employment of data were used to estimate employment baseline employment. These exclude federal jobs and some seasonal/contractual jobs. PA UI data were used to estimate 19 color unemployment-based change. The PA business closure orders (Mar/Apr 2020), organized by NAICS industry groups,

Distribution of essential job rate by county

Boxplot of Essential Job Rates by County

In the state at large, about 56% of jobs are essential based on these estimates But, most individual counties have higher essential job rates, most between 55% and 70%. Source: Fourth Economy analysis based on QWI data, UI Claims data, and PA closure order classifications 20

Essential status by race Estimates suggest that jobs held by people of color in PA are more likely to be essential jobs. That is specifically true in 61 of PA’s 67 counties.

Note: our assumptions really start to catch up with us here, for we are not accounting for occupational differences or unemployment/ labour force dropout rates by race, but it’s unclear in what direction those factors would influence Source: Fourth Economy analysis based on QWI data, UI Claims data, and PA closure order classifications these bars.

Essential status and age Graphic shows all counties in PA, sized by total employment

The more populous, urban counties in the state tend to have younger populations and lower rates of essential work compared to the more rural counties. Source: Fourth Economy analysis based on QWI data, UI Claims data, and PA closure order classifications

Data by County See interactive map here. See data here.

Source: Fourth Economy analysis based on QWI data, UI Claims data, and PA closure order classifications

Local to Regional Statewide Approach 1. Through Human Centered Design, the BEC will create a statewide self-sufficiency model that build on existing assets. 2. Reimagining Human Centered-Design model that moves from systems change to ecosystems co-creation locally through the optimization of the Federal Qualified Health Centers and strategic alignment with community-based nonprofits: Hub and Spoke Model

HCD

Hub

Spoke

3. Develop a virtual Research Lab focused on POC co-morbidity responses 4. Share learnings through Rapid Prototyping 5. Provide Project Management capacity to BEC efficacy model and implement baseline assessments to qualify continuity of care construct validity 6. Strategic community engagement through direct services, communications, “The Commons", Journalism Labs, and Innovation Labs 7. Replicate model across the state through coalition building

Virtual Lab

Innovation Lab

PA Well-Being Index

● Left map shows testing rate; Darkest areas are > 200 tests/10k population as of 4/28

Geographic disparities

Testing rates also vary greatly by neighborhood/municipality in the county

● For example, Homewood and Larimer (pink arrows) are at < 100 tests/10k population as of 4/28 ● Right map shows each test as a dot: red = positive test, grey = negative ● Places like Glen Hazel (yellow arrow) reflect elder care home outbreaks

Homewood and Larimer Glen Hazel

Geographic racial disparities ● The left map shows people by race: green=Black, Testing rates and access issues resonate with patterns of AHN racial UPM blue=White, red=Asian segregation C ● All but one test site (green bubbles) are in predominantly White areas ● FQHCs (blue bubbles) are mostly located in predominantly Black, chronically underserved areas ● Only Braddock (yellow arrow) has both

Homewood and Larimer

Braddoc k

Geographic digital access disparities

● The right map shows Digital access disparities also resonate with patterns of racial households by access to segregation broadband: pink=no broadband, green=broadband or smartphone with data ● Lack of broadband access (pink on right) highly correlates with areas with high Black population (green on left) ● With most health information and civic participation moved online, digital divide = health access divide more than ever

Homewood and Larimer

Braddoc k

● The right map shows workers by % in essential sectors (open in Gov Wolf's 4/2/2020 order as an essential business). Reds are =>60% essential, yellow<50% essential

Employment sector disparities Predominantly Black areas also have higher % of workers in essential sectors (Gov Wolf's classification)

● Majority Black neighborhoods have a disproportionately high % of critical workers (more red) ● This leads to higher risk of exposure through work requirements for Black families

Homewood and Larimer

Braddoc k

ThankYou

Where We Stand on Vaccinations September 22, 2021 Bob Gradeck and Steve Saylor

The BEC Data Committee • Cross-Sector Partnership Meets Twice Each Week • • • • • • •

Epidemiologists Health Professionals Elected Officials Technologists Data Stewards Philanthropy Researchers and Analysts

• Led by Black Members, Supported by Allies https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Background • The BEC has been an advocate for the regular release of open data related to the pandemic. • The BEC Data Committee relies on timely data to develop a shared understanding of the pandemic, and data helps to inform communication strategies. • We're thankful of the investments that the Pennsylvania Department of Health and Allegheny County Health Department have made in providing data. https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Cases are Rising (Again)

https://data.pa.gov/Covid-19/COVID-19-Aggregate-Cases-Current-Daily-County-Heal/j72v-r42c

Among Black People, the Young Compose a Growing Share of COVID-19 Infections in Allegheny County Weekly Cases by Age Group – Black People in Allegheny County 50% Under Age 40

64% Under Age 40

62% Under Age 40

68% Under Age 40

https://covid.createlab.org/

Younger People Account for a Greater Share of Hospitalizations Since December 70% Over Age 60 54% Over Age 60 58% Over Age 60

https://data.pa.gov/Covid-19/COVID-19-Reported-Patient-Impact-and-Hospital-Capa/c7w7-maf

Data from Allegheny County Suggests Older Black People are More-Likely to be Fully-Vaccinated

Vaccination rate Black people of all ages

ACHD, week ending 9/11

Statewide, about 36% of Black People are FullyVaccinated. About 5% are Partially-Vaccinated. • Allegheny County: 38% Full, 6% Partial • Dauphin County: 37% Full, 6% Partial • Erie County: 35% Full, 4% Partial

https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/disease/coronavirus/Vaccine/Pages/Dashboard.aspx https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Change in Fully-Vaccinated Black People Since August 23, 2021 Statewide*

+22,985 ⬆ 7.8%

Allegheny County

+3,368 ⬆ 6.7%

Dauphin County

+1,307 ⬆ 8.5%

Erie County

+340 ⬆ 5.9%

*Statewide data excludes most Philadelphia residents. Time period reported from 8/23/21-9/20/21. https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Vaccination Rates Among Black People Can Vary From One Community to Another

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Allegheny County 15104

30%

15132

30%

15206

40%

15208

33%

15210

34%

15212

42%

15214

39%

15219

34%

15221

35%

15235

48%

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Dauphin County 17103

30%

17104

29%

17109

47%

17110

40%

17111

42%

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Erie County 16501

39%

16502

47%

16503

26%

16504

37%

16507

28%

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

New Data is Available Each Week on the BEC Vaccine Map

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Data Sources Pennsylvania's COVID-19 vaccination data • Vaccination numbers by race per zip code excluding Philadelphia.

American Community Survey (ACS) • Population estimates are generated by the U.S. Census Bureau • Zip Code data groups five years of responses (2015-19) to reduce error. • Vaccine eligible population total (age 12 and above) is an estimate. https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Data Limitations • Population counts are only estimates • About ten percent of statewide vaccine records for the fullyvaccinated report an "unknown" race • About ten percent of people fully-vaccinated reported they were more than one race, compared to less than three percent of Pennsylvania residents. • Matching 2nd and 3rd doses to people is a challenge. • Philadelphia manages their own vaccine data, and the City should be the source of data for Philadelphia. https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Advice for Communicating Vaccine Data • Treat totals as approximate, especially at Zip Code geographies, or in counties with a small Black population. • Let people know about data context and limitations when you share vaccine data. • Use empathy when talking about vaccine hesitancy. We must acknowledge that harm and trauma caused by institutions, researchers, and companies contributes to distrust. Vaccine hesitancy is rooted in distrust of institutions and scientists, not the science of vaccinations. • Access to the vaccine has not been equitable since the start of the pandemic, and structural racism and residential segregation has long been at the root of disparate access to health care in the United States. https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Suggestions for Using Vaccine Data in Your Community • Use data to start a conversation about vaccinations, structural racism, and health equity. • Track vaccination progress over time. • Target outreach and vaccination events. • Look for bright spots and see what might be working in places with growing numbers of people being vaccinated.

https://github.com/WPRDC/bec-vaccination-map

Some Sources for RaciallyDisaggregated COVID-19 Data • BEC Dashboard • BEC Vaccine Map • Allegheny County Dashboard • Allegheny County Open Data (via WPRDC) • Allegheny County Vaccine Report • Pennsylvania COVID-19 Dashboard • Pennsylvania Vaccine Dashboard • Pennsylvania Open Data • HHS Protect Public Data Hub • CDC COVID Data Tracker

Thanks! Have data questions? E-mail us at: wprdc@pitt.edu www.blackequitypgh.org

Visit us at virtual office hours – most Fridays at 3 pm Link available on our events calendar www.wprdc.org/events

www.wprdc.org

CORONAVIRUS Pandemic and Vaccinations of African Americans in Philadelphia Gary King, Ph.D. Alyssa Gamaldo, Ph.D. Matt Santos Andrew Rawlings Alex Koehl College of Health and Human Development Penn State University

Presentation Philadelphia COVID and Vaccination Data Black Research Consortium • Researchers at Penn State and Pittsburgh • Focus on COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination • Statistical analysis of data related to African Americans in Pennsylvania • Five major localities: Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chester, Harrisburg and Erie

Presentation Focus • • • • •

Tests and Positive Cases Deaths Excess Cases and Deaths Nursing Homes Vaccination Rates

Philadelphi a Departmen t of Public Health

Data Sources ONLINE Sources

PDPH

Penn State Researchers

Challenges

Incomplete/Limite d Data

Accuracy

Time Consuming

Black and NonBlack Majority Populations in Philadelphia by Zip Codes

Cedarbrook

Percent FullyVaccinated Adults in MajorityAfrican-AmericanPhiladelphia Zip Codes as of July26th, 2021

West Oak Lane

19150 50%

Mount Airy

Germantown

19138 41%

19119 55% 19144 44%

19131 41% 19151 38%

Walnut Hill

19139 42% 19143 49%

Elmwood

19141 37%

19140 45%

Wynnefield Overbrook

19126 47%

19132 44% 19121 51%

East Oak Lane Olney

19120 45%

Logan/Ogontz Hunting Park

Strawberry Mansion

Brewerytown Kingsessing

19142 43%

Eastwick 19153 42%

Percent Fully Vaccinated Adults in Majority AfricanAmerican Philadelphia Zip Codes as of August 17th, 2021 Overbrook

Cedarbrook WestOak Lane

19150 52.50%

Mount Airy

19138 43.20%

19119 56.20%

Germantown

19144 46.10%

19131 42.00% 19151 39.90%

Elmwood

19141 38.30%

19140 48.40%

Wynnefield

Walnut Hill

19126 49.30%

19139 43.80% 19143 50.40%

19132 46.60% 19121 52.90%

EastOak Lane 19120 47.20%

Olne y Logan/Ogontz

Hunting Park Strawberry Mansion

FullyVaccinated Only56.20 %

Brewerytow n

38.30 %

Kingsessing

19142 45.50%

Eastwick 19153 44.30%

Cedarbrook

Percent Partially and Fully Vaccinated Adults in Majority African-American Philadelphia Zip Codes as of August Overbrook 17th, 2021

WestOak Lane

19150 62.30%

Mount Airy

19138 52.90%

19119 66.80%

Germantown

19144 56.50%

19131 50.50% 19151 48.30%

Elmwood

19141 47.30%

19140 60.20%

Wynnefield

Walnut Hill

19126 59.80%

19139 53.00% 19143 60.00%

19132 58.00% 19121 64.70%

EastOak Lane Olne y

19120 59.30%

Logan/Ogontz

Hunting Park Strawberry Mansion

PartiallyandFully Vaccinated 66.80 %

Brewerytow n Kingsessing

47.30 %

19142 57.00%

Eastwick 19153 53.20%

Philadelphia COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates by Racial Majority Zip Codes March 28 - May 2, 2020

20 18 16 14 12 10 8

7.21

8.03

7.84 6.60 5.25

4.25

3.40

2.48

2.26

63 Days

70 Days

2 0

14 Days

21 Days

28 Days Bl ack Zi p Codes

35 Days Non Bl ack Ma jori ty Zi p Codes

42 Days

49 Days

56 Days

Di ference Between Bl ack and Non-Bl a ck Ma jori ty Zi p Codes

Philadelph ia Nursing Homes and COVID-19

Total Nursing Homes (NH) in PA

• PA has 670 NHs listed in CMS database • Philadelphia has 49 NHs listed in CMS database (7% of NHs in PA) • 19 NHs are located in zip codes of >50% Black community-dwelling residents

Current and Future Directions

Resolving the PDHP data challenges Multivariate Analysis COVID and Vaccinations Case Fatality Analysis

Panel Discussion / Audience Q&A • Strategies for interventions • Collaborative Opportunities

ADJORN

ThankYou