Contents 11
V.
What can be done to tackle inequalities?
97
Taking stock 97 Addressing inequality 98 - Universalism in the provision of social services
98
- Reducing social exclusion and intergenerational disadvantage
99
- Social protection 101 - Investment in education and strengthening labour market institutions
102
- Fiscal and monetary policies to reduce inequality
103
- Creating more and better-paying jobs
105
- Reducing asset inequalities
107
The international framework and the post-2015 global development agenda
107
Conclusion 110
Bibiliography 113 Figures Figure I.1 International income inequality, 1980-2010
24
Figure I.2 Average income per capita of the top and bottom 10 per cent of the population and of the total population in selected countries, late 2000s
26
Figure 1.3 Gini coefficient and GNI per capita by country
35
Figure 1.4 Trends in redistribution in selected countries, 1990, 2000, 2007 and 2011
36
Figure II.1 Trends in the gap in life expectancy at birth between each major area and the world average, 1950 – 2010 (both sexes)
42
Figure II.2 Trends in the gap in life expectancy at birth 43 between each region and the world average, 1950-2010 (both sexes)