FIGURE 1.6 Percentage of ART coverage among eligible adults (aged 15+), children (aged 0–14) and all ages in the 22 Global Plan priority countries, 2012 Adults (aged 15+)
Children (aged 0–14)
All ages <95
Botswana
88
Namibia Swaziland
76
36 33
United Rep. of Tanzania
70 68
26
68
24
Ethiopia
21
Burundi
67
Ghana
25
Lesotho
25
59 40
16
Cameroon
15
56 55 49 48
27
Mozambique
15
Angola
48 29
Chad
While early infant diagnosis (EID) is expanding in many countries, overall testing rates for infants remain low. Only 39 per cent of children in lowand middle-income countries were estimated to have access to HIV testing within the recommended 2 months of birth in 2012 (see Figure 1.7 ).50
62
India Côte d’Ivoire
WHO recommends that infants exposed to HIV be tested at 4 to 6 weeks of age, using a virological test.49 ART should be started as soon as an infant is diagnosed with HIV, regardless of clinical and immune system status. Some countries are considering even earlier testing, at birth, especially for children born to mothers who have not received PMTCT services.
81
38
Uganda
TOWARDS AN AIDS-FREE GENERATION – Children and AIDS: Sixth Stocktaking Report, 2013
81
63
Malawi
Early infant diagnosis remains low
85
45
Kenya
9
43 38
12
36 34
67
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Note: Some numbers do not add up due to rounding. The coverage estimate is based on the estimated unrounded number of children receiving and eligible for ART. Source: UNAIDS, UNICEF and WHO, 2013 Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting.
1 12
Four of the 22 Global Plan priority countries (Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia) exceeded 95 per cent coverage for testing pregnant women in 2012, but coverage was less than 25 per cent in three others (Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria).48
86
South Africa
Total priority countries
87
38
Zimbabwe
Nigeria
91
54
Zambia
Dem. Rep. of the Congo
>95
An estimated 40 per cent of pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries received HIV testing and counselling in 2012, up from 26 per cent in 2009.47 Coverage varies widely by country and region.
2
The CEE/CIS region had the highest coverage of EID of all regions reported, at 72 per cent (although the uncertainty range around the estimates is very wide: from 49 per cent to greater than 95 per cent), followed by Eastern and Southern Africa at 51 per cent (45–57 per cent), Latin America and the Caribbean at 42 per cent (27–57 per cent) and East Asia and the Pacific at 30 per cent (20–45 per cent). In West and Central Africa, EID is at 9 per cent (8–11 per cent). South Asia stands at only 2 per cent (1–3 per cent) coverage.51