Social Justice in an Open World: The Role of the United Nations 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds to perfect equality (everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds to perfect inequality (one person has all the income, and everyone else has none). The Gini index is the Gini coefficient expressed in percentage form, and is equal to the Gini coefficient multiplied by 100.
' See Giovanni Andrea Cornia, in equal it^
Growth and Poverty Alleviation (Helsinki, United Nations University/World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNUtWIDER), 2000).
l6
See General Assembly resolution 3201 (S-VI) of 1 May 1974.
l7
See General Assembly resolution 3281 (XXIX) of 12 December 1974.
l*
Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Cooperation, adopted by the Second General Conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization at its final plenary meeting (Vienna, June 1975), para. 28.
l9
See General Assembly resolution 5512 of 8 September 2000. The Millennium Developrnent Goals derived from this Declaration by the Secretariat were not formally adopted by the General Assembly. However, they have been discussed by the Assembly at each of its sessions since 2001.
20
The quoted material in this paragraph is taken from the United Nations Millennium Declaration, paras. 11, 13 and 15.
21
The Millennium Development Goals and their accompanying targets and indicators are reproduced in annex II to the present publication (available from http://www. un.org/millenniumgoaIs/).
22
Apart from the Declaration itself and its two covenants, inspiration for the interpretation of the notion of human rights has been drawn primarily from Paul Sieghart, The Lawful Rights of Mankind (Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press, 1986); also see the work of Mary Ann Glendon in A World Made New: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (New York, Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2001).
23
Proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 2542 (XXIV) of 1 1 December 1969.
24
Under Economic and Social Council resolution l985Il7 of 28 May 1985.
25
The other half of this pair, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, entered into force at the same time.
26
United Nations, Department of Public Information, Basic Facts about the United Nations, updated in 2004 (Sales No. E.04.1.7), p. 243.
27
See General Assembly resolution 4511 58 of 18 December 1990.
28
See United Nations, "Potential for cooperation to solve world's social ills has never been greater, Secretary-General declares at Summit meeting", press release (SOCI COP.SGl6; 10 March 1995).