City inserts
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Special features Governance is the main special feature in Ghorahi: first, because of the priority given to safe disposal and recycling, and, second, because the city has set up appropriate institutional mechanism for managing waste. This mechanism also involves other stakeholders: the landfill management system includes a committee involving local community leaders and members of the business community. Moreover, the city has supported the formation of 218 community-based organizations. There is room to improve cost recovery to ensure that the waste management system as a whole is sustainable. The city has just started to collect service fees for waste management; but the rates are fairly low and the municipality’s target is to raise only about 10 per cent of the total waste management costs from users.
Key benchmark numbers Total tonnes municipal solid waste (MSW) generated per year Generation per capita in kilograms per year Percentage coverage Percentage disposal in environmentally sound landfills or controlled disposal sites of total waste generated Percentage municipal waste incinerated of total waste generated Percentage diverted and valorized of total waste generated
7285 tonnes total; 3285 tonnes* in urban areas 167kg 46% 67% None 11%
Notes: NA = not available. NR = not reported. * Urban waste generation used as reference for calculating other figures. Figures in italics are estimates.
References SWMRMC (2007) Baseline Information on Solid Waste Management of Tribhuwannagar Municipality of Nepal, Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilization Centre, Ministry of Local Development, Kathmandu SchEMS, SWMRMC and Ghorahi Municipality (2005) Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Proposed Karauti Danda Sanitary Landfill Site, 2005, Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilization Centre, Ministry of Local Development, Kathmandu CEN, ENPHO and SWMRMC (2003) Solid Waste Management in Tribhuwan Nagar Municipality, 2003, Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilization Centre, Ministry of Local Development, Kathmandu PAN and EU (2008) Best Practices on Solid Waste Management in Nepalese Cities, Practical Action Nepal, Kathmandu
Percentage valorized by informal sector of total waste generated
9%
Percentage valorized by formal sector of total waste generated Goals for waste collection coverage as percentage of population Goals for environmentally sound (safe) disposal
2% None None
Goals for valorization of waste materials through recycling (or diversion from disposal) Prevented Reused Recycled Composted/agricultural value chain
None NA NA NA NR