"f oRCE as a factor in international controversies has been tried out for three thousand years, and at this very hour it has brought the world nearer to a state of economic chaos and financial breakdown ... I take the position that there is not an international controversy but may be peacefully adjusted if the will to settle it peacefully is at hand ... I have never been able to bring myself to believe that it would be in the interest of peace to involve this country in the political affairs of Europe and if ever I should reach that conclusion, still I would not purchase peace at that price. There are some things in this world more desirable to me than peace, and one of them is the unembarrassed, unhampered, and untrammeled political independence of this republic." WILLIAM EDGAR BORAH At the Ur.iversity of Idaho, September 24, 1931.