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to realize the need to develop a long-term
Urban Innovation and became one of
strategy. In 2010, it launched the initiative
the 10 nominated cities for the second
of “4°C Cooler: Using green infrastructure
Guangzhou Award.
to build a climate resilient and prosperous Melbourne”. It formulated two strategies for urban development: Urban Forest Strategy; Open Space Strategy. In 2014,
Background of the Initiative
the initiative of “4°C Cooler: Using green
Melbourne, located in the south-
infrastructure to build a climate resilient
east of Australia, is a port city. As the
and prosperous Melbourne” stood out
capital of the state of Victoria, the second
from 259 global candidate items for
largest city of Australia Commonwealth,
Guangzhou International Award for
with per capita GDP of USD167660, it is the fastest developing city in Australia, covering a large area of 8831 square kilometers. In a narrow sense, Melbourne means the downtown district of Melbourne, with an area of 37.7 square
Name of City: Melbourne
kilometers. The space area mentioned
Name of Province/State: Victoria
below refers to Melbourne central urban
Name of Country/Region: Australia
area in a narrow sense.
Geographic Region: Asia and Pacific
From 1995 to 2009, Melbourne
Population: 4,529,500（2015）
witnessed extreme hot weather, leading
Surface Area: 9,990.5 km
to severe drought, lack of water and heat,
Population Density: 453 people / km2
leaving 374 people dead. Relevant climate
GDP per capita: USD 167,660
change study showed that Melbourne
Title or Slogan of the Initiative: 4 C
will more frequently suffer droughts, hot
2
Cooler:Using green infrastructure to build a climate resilient and prosperous Melbourne Start Date of the Initiative: 2010 End Date of the Initiative: in the Process Thematic Area: Society Governance/Management
Environment
weather and floods in the future. During the drought, the city proposed to reduce the demand for water supply by 90% in the center of the city, thereby removing the irrigation of urban green landscape, and making substantial reduction in urban green areas. 40% of trees for urban landscaping are planned to be transplanted