0w2010 01 RESUM EJECUTIVO 03 DEFcarta ang
26/10/10
19:49
Pรกgina 36
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 36
United Cities and Local Governments
administration (in Ukraine at oblast and raion level, in Kyrgyzstan at raion level). All countries under review (apart from Kazakhstan that officially has no local governments) have adopted laws on local self-government.
heads by the central government in Kyrgyzstan; the reorganization of local governments in Georgia; as well as limitations to expenditure autonomy of local governments in Russia.
During the last years, positive trends have been seen in some countries in the field of decentralization. In Armenia, the list of local taxes and duties was enlarged in 2010. In Ukraine, the concept of Local Government Reform was recently approved, and a new framework for local self-government legislation is currently being developed. In 2010, Belarus adopted a law on Local Government and Self-government.
The recent financial crisis has revealed weaknesses within the local finance system of some of the Eurasian countries, while in other countries local budgets seem to be doing better than central/regional ones due to their reliance on the most stable revenues sources, e.g. in Moldova, transfers to local governments were proportionally cut by 20 percent, while in Kazakhstan grants are set for a three-year periods and remain stable. In Russia, settlement tax revenues grew 22 percent in 2009 in comparison with 2008, however large industrial cities faced shortcomings in own revenues due to reductions in revenue from Personal Income Tax
However, in other countries, centralization tendencies are being observed: a reduced level of tax autonomy in Russia, Kyrgyzstan, and Georgia; a nomination of local self-government
Figure 5: Local Government Expenditure and Revenue as a Part of General Government Budgets in Certain Eurasian Countries
70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0
revenue expenditure