www.todayszaman.com - August 10, 2008

S01-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:36

Page 1

$BVDBTVT BOE 5VSLFZ NPWFT JOUP B OFX QIBTF BT UIF EFBM PWFS UIF j*SPO 4JML 3PBEk GJOBMMZ DPODMVEFT

JTOkU 0MZNQJD jUFBN QMBZFSk

BO JOEJTQFOTBCMF QBSU PG 5VSLJTI DVMUVSF UIBU XJMM OFWFS CF IVTIFE

."8!J 6!)!-

! " # ! $ # ! #%

(C"."

& $ ((

# )

0

1 $ . / - !

)

1 $ 3/-!)14

! *5 . /- &

6 &

7

0

8 *++9& : .

& .

0

&

8

& ! % 0

8

%

0 8 ,;& *++< .

.

0 7/-!)1

=

&

0 & !

.

0 ,* 5 %

&>

'D!C!..E- 'FE

. / -

0 & 1 $

0 !

0

( 2 . & 0 &

.

$ 0

*

(C"."

! ) % 3J!K4 ! 5 D ? % E B L M J L BH H N

&

B L M

& 6 ( ) . ' M

J!K ' M &

J!K

B L M 2 *5 B L M

.

D ?

1LN 0 L & 0 L

% &

&

'

(

!&

!

"

# $

% &

'

!

( )

&

*++, & -!."

)

(

!)

.

*A

&

.

!

!

8 6 . B C

&

C & 8G H CH

B I&

&

B &

. #

*A

.

B I

"

& &

6 ! 2 ,;

.

? )

.

0

7 > 1 $ 7.

&>

.

7

>

6

.

! " # $ % & ' ( )

* + ,

, , - . ! '

* + , , - / 000 '

Featuring news and articles from

!

.

&

!

2 ;*

@;*A &

@*+

B

!

? .

S02-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:17

Page 1

!

"GUFS UIF 1"$& SFQPSU PO UXP 5VSLJTI "FHFBO JTMBOET (ÎL¿FBEB BOE #P[DBEB UIBU TUSFTTFT UIBU UIF (SFFL QPQVMBUJPO PO UIFTF JTMBOET XBT GPSDFE UP MFBWF UIFJS MBOE 4XFEJTI TPDJBMJTU "OESFBT (SPTT IBT TBJE UIBU IF XJMM DPMMFDU EBUB BCPVU UIF 5VSLJTI NJOPSJUJFT PO UIF (SFFL JTMBOET PG 3IPEFT BOE ,PT UPP

"

! ! ! " !# # $ !

.

0

;9A* .

;9;* ;95A&

.

;95A &

.

C & .

G Q B I ;9A*& .

%

.

.

& .

C ? . O

C / & - I ( I M . )

.

&

. "

& H N&

.

P

.

P ) EI M

&

C

.

O P

.

.

&

&P C

& P %

& V)

W

1

&P

& ! " ' !( ) * *( # )

! " * *!( " ' + " " ! " ((" , ( + " ( ' ( -" , ./ * * " ) ( ," ,

! " ! " " $ ! "," ( .0/

' & ( ) * !+ . ) $ & 8 M &

&

C

& C

C

&

) C $ O

II $ ) 31

4 )

&

$

&

'D!C!..E- 'FE

, -

(C"."

O 6 &

: P! 1

G Q B I & 1 .

0 . .

#

P C

(!%' !

(

& PB

&

& .

&

P .

.

: .

1 .

D

;9*, .

P P

.

& . . &

.

.

# P P

&

&

% I 1 "

;9;*& ;* !

;95*

' 11 .

.

) I &

. ( &

;95A&

& D

. )

! - ) & P(

) 0 1 P

- 8 3-84 &

& P

)

0 1 ?

I

C &

& # ' / P ) O

&

C I

O

&

.

.

&

. &

& 5+

.

5R+ ! ,++&+++

!

.

E

( L ) $ O II &

& $

&

!

O

C &

! & PC

SP & P1

.

P

! " # ! " " $ %

$ $ $

'

$

((

) * ( %

&

!"

#

$ $ %

%

%

$ $

$ $

%

& %

D

' - ' & &

' &

&

: P1 '

1 .

1 D

' 1 .

1 .

.

P .

.

.

.

.

! .

.

)

&

% & & ! ! !# # !

.

.

&

" % !

&

.

?

& " T

0

*R

&

!

. & KH H 8 M & T

1

) $ 8 M

$

CM Y K

. UI % M

% M &

. &

$

1

. .F O

.

! .

&

.

. .

0 !

. . " &

&

! ! &

! C N H M &

0

.

.

1

.

.

.

C

&

!

)

. & .

)

!

&

;9*< ;* !

& .

) E X N M O

% !

X N M

& ' % C P1

1

P . I

) $ 0

B 8 ) $ & & ?

$ & $

Y

. )

$

8

O $

& X N M

& P.

& . O

B P

* ! ) & "

1

) D 1

? ( L ? & C NI ! !M ;A9* .

*&+++ . & ! (

.

& & J

0N N N&

&

- M &

P : ) C &P

C

&

) ) $ & H ) $ O

& C I B ) $ ! C ( M ) $

S03-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:16

Page 1

! .//0/// ! ! &

!

5&+++

8 &

) &

;++&+++

.

&

( B

&

!

(

) !

8

.

5+ &

&

)

) % .

8 . ) O " J.D ;++&+++

8 .

$

( 0 8 1 3R;< 59; B % 4 ) ) 0N NQ : P8

; R $ .

&

&

P 0N NQ

: PC

)

.

6

8

& )

P

!

# # # 1

& 1

.

&

' I 8 ' 0N N F JHIH H JN / C

C

&

&

P1

&

&

O

.

.

&

&P C

# &

"

&

O

!

&

"

1 .

;< ;&+++ B ? , Z ;&+++& 1 5 A ;&+++ , < ;&+++ 1 & 1 $

CM Y K

C MCTCDCV"VQFC[U\COCP EQO

. O '

.

&

. ) C D ) B B C 8

&

'/&

" & '/

1

&

J

'/

. .

O . # '/

#

[

1

&

.

'/

$

'/

. 1

C & O

1

0

. 1

. &

1

&

0 .

I

!

.

&

' .

[

&

.

& .

&

:

& " & O

[ O

8

& .

&

O

.

1

S04-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:39

Page 1

!(

$

(C"."

" ( &

/-

&

I

& 0

- /-!)1

&

1 $

9 1 $ ( ) ) & &

.

" ;&

1 $

$

1 $ !

0 /

6 &

D Q 0

1 $ 7. 0

0

)

B I

0 .

!

. . &

. & !

! . &

1 &> D ) &

0 #

(

& D ] ! & . ? ) !

B

0

1 $ 7.

1 $

&>

.

0

.

.

.

. &

# !

I

C

& 0

. %

&

0 & !

.

. .

& 0 & !

. & $

7/

& 0

$ &

.

.

& ( .

(

2

$ ' 7 $ 6

& 8 $ 6 % !

& )

B I 0 V W

V 1 $W&> D Q I 1 2 ,;

& . ? )

.

7

0 !

0 ( %

^ 0

1 $ > "

( 1 & D Q

! &

!

I

& & ( &

0

1 $ &

1 & B I 7.

0

0 & .

.

V0

( W (00&> D Q

! ?

B I D Q

0 1 $

7 > 0

! ? & B I &

1 $ !

1 $

0

&

( & B I 0 8 ( 308(4& &

0 & . & % !

0

( B I &

0

!

0 & 7

0 > ! ? &

0 & B I 0 1 $

0 & (/0

& ( / 0 3(/04 1 $ (

2 . & &

7. !

0 & . & !

&> B I $

(/0

'

%

& B I

0

7 .

0 . 0

0

1 $ . 1 $

%

! ;5+

%

&>

) ! & B I & 0

0 &

7

&

. & 1

B

: . &> ! $

% B I

& D Q

0 B I

7)

B I

=

.

B I

&

&>

D Q

1 $ 0 *, 2 *<

E

H G

! , ;A # ;R+

0 7.

0

/ 0 &

0 !

.

0

.

&

&

0 !

&

&> D Q ! & E

(00 0 T

7

0

. (00 .

#

T . ' I & &

.

- = [

&> . 7

(00& T '

&>

.

I 7.

0 .

.

.

.

I

. . &

V W

. .

.

1 T . &>

.

& D Q &

. &

7.

*++,&

"

.

&

.

1 $ &>

6 ! & .

1 $

0 & &

! !

0

& #

(00

(C"."

!!

2, 3 !$ ! (" 4 & # ! ! !5 6 !

"

+ $ % , - + . / 0*1 2 3 /

041 , .5 6 .

0 1

0 L

& B L M .

' M B L M& B L M

C &

. ! ?

3. 04

0 B L M

. 0 . 2 8 ( 3!0 ( 4

. 0&

& & ( ) ' M &

C & &

) & #

J!K

! ;& . %

% !0 (

C & .

. 0

&

CM Y K

! &

J!K

&

. 0 1 !0 ( &

! 1*2$ &) ) 1 . 0

J!K

&

. 0 !0 (

. 0&

' I

. 0

0 0N NQ M &

( ( 3%C(4 &

! & R& J!K

&

. 0 !0 (

. 0& . 0

C

5++&+++ & & ! % BH H N & ! ,+ . . 0

%C(

BH H N #

.

%C(

I ? & .

&

. 0 !0 (

&

& %C(

BH H N

7 & & %C(

BH H N

S>

$

. (

BH H N %C(&

&

. 0&

. & %C(

. 0

&

!0 ( &

BH H N &

.

1 &

!

R& 0N NQ M %C(

.

& BH H N (

\ % I !

B /

6

%C(

. 0[ &

!0 (

S05-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:15

Page 1

, &4 & 0 !# & ! )

(C"."

)'C)'. 0!)!-

$ 8

%

$

% (

% $ 8 %

% (

$

CM Y K

)

I

&

&

&

I

7.

. " I

.

=

&> B ) J % & .

.

2 E

- "

) %

%

.

! & ! & & ) B &

7

:

&

[ &

&> )

C

#

&

7%

.

#

$ &

!

&>

)

$

71

"

&>

\ ) & !

C "

( 3)!6D/) 8' 4 ! &

7.

E

2 *; =A+ )

%

& I %

V

I & & #

W !

&

.

&>

.

E

;+&+++ &

&

&

.

$

& ;++&+++ B

2 ;9 7) A&+++ # ! 2

1

.

1

!

# !

(

$ .

. & &

&> ) ! " & . ? F " I

3. .F4& I

&

.

7.

.

.

&>

"

7

.

ZR&+++ & ) <+&+++ B ;++&+++ .

&> C

% %

#

2 8 ( 3!0 ( 4 . 2 ,+

!0 ( &

1

!

) &

!0 (

A;

7. !0 (

. 1 . .

"

% %

! #

.

.

&> "

S06-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:14

Page 1

% ! .

" ) ;5 ( ) . ' M

2 O

#

.

. % % 2

&

& #

1

.

& & ' / &

"

P

&P

'? 1

%H 8 H P. $

2 & @9++ & @,++ &

&

&

P . '?

2 9

.

&

1

2() D B

2 ,+& % % ( C 0 Q

2

8 ( 3!0 ( 4

$ " A<

$; 6*' 9#6'4 %11.'4

E

'

&

&

.

- .

&

&

(

& ' M

C

P

.

P

!

1 ) ? 31)?4& .

. &

! & . O

&

. % B .

R+

2 &

) 2 .

;Z AR &

*+ *R .

# *++< ;+ Z 9 A & A 9 . 1)?

O

&

I

! O

& .

&

! O

&

!

O

& . 1)?

O

. & #

.

O

1 O !

1)?& (

S

)B[BSEPVT DIFNJDBMT DPOUJOVF UP UISFBUFO IVNBO IFBMUI

!

C " I 3 C"4&

& & **+&+++

?

,++

.

? &

. ;9<+& $

.

O

& &

&

!

'

- ( &

*++;

!

&

&

! ?

&

R+ &

! #

?

.

&

&

. !

&

. ' / &

&

O

.

& .

!

' / & .

'/ '!%C 3 & ' & ! I % 4&

. '!%C P

P

'/ !

' / & .

&

2 ;& *++A .

'!%C .

. . 3..84 C "

. & ,+&+++ 9R+&+++

! " &

&

.

&

"

$

& &

(

P.

&P " ;++

' & "

. O

!

&

C

: C

:

3 D 4&

3 D' 4& 3 I 4& ;&5 8 & C

:

& 38'!4& 3(' 4& I &

I & & & C

: (B8'[ &

(C"."

."8!J 6!)!-& !!

) &

*+ &

&

. R A

1

%

&

& &

&

& &

!

? - 3 ?4&

& ;

;9,+ &

5++ .

.

<Z

$

.

& &

! 1 ( , * # "# ( # * 2 " 1 *( " 3 "

CM Y K

S07-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:27

Page 1

SUNDAY’S ZAMAN 07

S U N D AY, A U G U S T 1 0 , 2 0 0 8

FOTOÐRAF: MUSTAFA KÝRAZLI

BUSINESS

Containers in Turkey’s largest port in Mersin are waiting to be loaded for shipment with export goods inside. Turkey’s revenues from sales abroad have seen tremendous increase over the last six years.

Lira keeps climbing while exporters tumble down the hill contýnued from page 1 A recent report by the Financial Times pointed to this unfortunate situation, in particular in Turkey, Mexico and Brazil, which are similar in terms of economic characteristics. The daily noted that the currencies of these countries have appreciated abnormally against the dollar, leading to relatively worse conditions by throwing a wrench into their export performance. The YTL has gained 45 percent more value against the dollar since the start of the year, although it had to depreciate 53.7 percent to reach its actual value.

Indeed, the highly valued currency was, for many experts, an unavoidable consequence of the central bank's policy of high interest rates.

In order to wage a successful battle against inflation, the bank aimed at holding investments to low levels by keeping interest rates high.

This policy had other merits as well, such as creating an attractive environment for portfolio investments from abroad, the major tool in financing the current account deficit.

The foreign trade figures for the first half of the year released on Friday by the central bank highlight the worsening picture in the current account balance. The foreign trade deficit is the most significant component of the current account deficit, with numbers indicating that Turkey's deficit reached $28.8 billion in the first half of 2008, representing a 41.3 percent increase over the same period a year ago. Imports rose 36.9 percent in the given period to $105.8 billion, and exports were up by 38.7 percent to $68.8 billion.

This gloomy situation may be better seen in the central bank's latest expectations survey, released on Friday. The participants in the survey predicted on average that the year-end current account deficit would be $50.3 billion. In the previous survey, this expectation was $49.4 billion. The

same survey also stated that participants predicted $1 would buy YTL 1.1805 by the end of August and YTL 1.2613 by the end of the year, compared to YTL 1.2135 and 1.3116 in the previous survey, announced two weeks before the latest one.

Speaking to Sunday's Zaman, Zeki Yýlmaz, a partner in national carpet producer 3K Rugstore, voices the common complaint of exporters: profit margins too narrow to compete with rivals in international markets. He spoke about the problem of offering a price to customers for orders to be delivered in a few months' time due to the everdeclining price of the dollar against the YTL. "Those who claim currency levels are fine have to see the prices asked by buyers at international fairs," he said. "A buyer is naturally comparing our prices to those offered by Chinese or Iranian carpet makers. It is really hard to explain to customers why we demand such high prices in comparison to our competitors," he added.

Yýlmaz objects to claims that exporters are doing fine since they obtain production inputs in dollars and sell goods in euros, almost doubling profits, because, he said, foreign companies that order carpets from Turkey are already subtracting the difference stemming from euro/dollar exchange rates.

"For example, they want us to sell a carpet valued at YTL 12 per square meter for YTL 9.78 after deducting the currency difference from the price."

A precious friend for exporters Minister of State for Foreign Trade Kürþad Tüzmen doesn't miss an opportunity to proclaim that he is standing in the same line as exporters and to criticize the central bank for its "high interest rate, low exchange rate" policies.

Just last Thursday, during a visit to Mersin, he spoke to reporters to express the same criticism that the "overvalued lira policy has failed to

succeed in the fight against inflation." Against the previous target of achieving 4 percent inflation by year-end 2008, Turkey is expected to see more than 11 percent inflation in the consumer price index (CPI). As of July, the annual rate of increase in CPI was over 12 percent.

The latest figures provided by the Turkish Statistics Institute (TurkStat) on Friday show that Turkey's unit price of exports increased 25.2 percent in June over the same month last year. The overall increase in quantity was 4.8 percent, it said.

On the other hand, the unit price of imports saw a 31.8 percent increase in the same month while imported goods increased 3.5 percent quantitatively.

These numbers mean that the relative value of the Turkish lira is still increasing, pushing it into a harder position against its rivals. Despite the fact that the unit price of imports is increasing more than that of imports, the demand for imports is still continuing to rise because the YTL is becoming more expensive than many major currencies.

CB must double its reserves Tüzmen believes the solution lies in the hands of the central bank. It has to distribute large sums of lira to the markets while swelling its reserves with dollars, he said, adding that this has to be done gradually; otherwise, more serious troubles may surface, he noted.

There is no economic basis for an overvalued currency at present, he believes. "Turkey does not have foreign trade surpluses; its companies are not working at full capacity and the rate of unemployment is definitely not 0 percent," he said. "An overvalued lira would be more acceptable if Turkey were in that situation. But currently there is not a single human being who can easily explain why Turkey has this highly appreciated currency. When asked, everyone bows

their heads and looks away, pretending not to understand the question." He reiterated that this appreciation was not a product of a strengthening economy but of capital flowing to Turkey in search of the sweet profit of high interest rates.

"This is not a healthy situation," he underlined.

Since the US dollar is the measure when the lira's abnormal appreciation is mentioned, Turkey's trade figures with the US present a clearer picture of the situation. In 2003 Turkey exported $3.7 billion worth of goods to the US while spending $3.4 billion on imports. In other words, it had a trade surplus in its trade with the US. In 2004 Turkey's exports to the US were $4.8 billion and its imports rose to $4.7 billion, bringing the trade surplus from $256 million to $100 million in one year. This advantageous situation, however, has deteriorated since then. In 2005 exports rose to $4.9 billion and imports to $5.3 billion. In 2006, exports climbed to $5 billion, imports to $6.2 billion. Exports saw a sharp decline in 2007 to $4.1 billion while imports from the US increased to $8.1 billion, leading to a trade deficit of $4 billion. Comparing the first five months of 2008 with the same period of 2007, the rate of increase in the trade deficit had become more dramatic. In the January-May 2007 period, Turkey's deficit in its trade with the US was $1.3 billion; it is $2.5 billion this year.

There are some experts who believe the YTL/dollar exchange rate may see parity, in which one dollar buys exactly one YTL. Harbingers of seriously bad news for exporters, these opinions are not welcomed by many; still, a majority in the markets maintain that the lira will see further appreciation. It seems that exporters will continue to cry for some time until their tears are dried, they declare bankruptcy or they find a way out of this quagmire.

Oil falls to $115 on economic worries, dollar gains Oil dropped $5 to a three-month low on Friday as the dollar surged and concerns about global economic growth weighed on demand expectations. The fall came even as Russia sent forces into Georgia, a key energy transit region, to repel a Georgian assault on the breakaway South Ossetia region.

US light crude settled down $4.82 to $115.20 a barrel, before falling to $114.90 in post-settlement trade, the lowest level since early May. Prices have slid since hitting a record high over $147 a barrel on July 11. London Brent crude settled at $113.33, down $4.53.

"It seems that we've got a lot of selling

based on the stronger dollar," said Peter Beutel, president of trading consultants Cameron Hanover. "Energy demand destruction and the dollar return have formed a quiet alliance to bring the oil market down, and today the louder of the two is the dollar."

Strong demand from emerging economies like China sent oil on a six-year rally, with prices up sevenfold at their peak.

More support came from investors rushing into commodities as a hedge against inflation and the weak dollar. But mounting global economic problems and high fuel prices have begun to hurt demand.

The dollar surged against the euro and was on track for its biggest one-day gain in four years as concerns mounted that the US economic slowdown was spreading around the world. "The market has been ignoring the Tbilisi pipeline situation, and now the problems with Russia -- the move lower really now has a momentum of its own with the financial players coming out," said Olivier Jakob at Petromatrix.

Georgia's pro-Western president said on Friday the two countries were at war as Georgian troops backed by warplanes pounded separatist forces in South Ossetia and Russia sent forces to repel the assault. New York Reuters

CM Y K

THE EMBASSY OF IRELAND IN ANKARA Has a vacancy for a "Personal Assistant / Administrative Officer". The details will be published on the Embassy`s web-site from 11 August 2008

http://www.irlconsulist.com Application and eligibility details are set out in the website.

Embassy of Ireland Uður Mumcu Cad. No.88 3rd Floor B Block G.O.P 06700 Ankara Tel: (0312) 446 61 72

Europe’s banks weathering storm The European banking sector breathed easier Friday when the Royal Bank of Scotland posted first-half losses lower than analysts’ doomsday predictions in what has shaped up as a relatively bright earnings season for Europe’s biggest financial institutions. Big banks have been getting help from stronger business in emerging economies in reporting surprisingly resilient results in the face of global economic turmoil and losses from the U.S. subprime mess.

Of the major banks, only Switzerland’s UBS has yet to post its results, which are due Tuesday.

The season’s headlines were often dire, as the credit crunch -- which has been in full-swing for an entire year now -- forced many banks to post huge losses as they wrote off billions in bad US debt. But their underlying core banking operations -- especially in fast-growing emerging markets -- did well.

“The results haven’t been good, but it’s all about expectations and they could have been much worse than what materialized,” said Keith Bowman, equity analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown Stockbrokers.

Spain’s Banco Santander, the largest bank in the countries using the euro, said that despite the difficult market conditions its first-half net profits rose 6 percent to 4.7 billion euros for the year to June 30, compared to the first six months of 2007.

Santander in part credited a booming business in Latin America, where operating income increased by 29 percent to 3.6 billion euros.

Britain’s HSBC, Europe’s largest bank, posted a 29 percent fall in profits for the first half compared to the roaring first six months of 2007. But that still left the bank with an impressive net profit of $7.7 billion. Like Santander, HSBC said the positive results were thanks to its thriving presence in developing economies. In the Middle East, profits before tax grew by 63 percent to nearly $1 billion. In Asia, where HSBC rakes in over 50 percent of its pretax profit, earnings rose by 20 percent excluding oneoff dilution gains over the period to $6.7 billion.

The No. 3, France’s BNP Paribas, said Wednesday revenue from retail banking in emerging markets grew 27 percent to 440 million euros, helping the company to retain its position as the only European investment bank to be consistently profitable since the start of the credit crisis.

“Generally the banks that have done relatively well in maintaining profitability are not pure play investment banks,” said Cubillas Ding, Londonbased analyst with Celent, a global financial consulting firm. Like Santander and HSBC, banking’s winners have strong commercial banking units and presence in a diverse set of geographies, he said.

Deutsche Bank, Germany’s largest, suffered a worse first-half than many of Europe’s other large banks because of its heavy reliance on investment banking. Second quarter net revenue fell to 645 million euros from 1.8 billion euros in the April to June period of 2007, as the credit crisis forced writedowns of 2.3 billion euros.

The German giant is now planning to get into retail. To that end, it has already expressed interest in buying Postbank -Germany’s largest retail bank in terms of locations and customers -- from Deutsche Post.

Half-year earnings results also revealed that most of the companies are doing a good job of cleaning up their balance sheets. Being well capitalized, also known as having enough money in the bank, is now the holy grail, and lots of Europe’s banks are selling non-core assets and having share sales in order to boost this.

No one has done this more ardently than the Royal Bank of Scotland. In June, the Scottish bank, who reported a first-half loss of 802 million pounds, raised 12.3 billion pounds in Europe’s largest-ever rights issue.

Around the same time, it also agreed to sell its European train unit for $7 billion.

The benefits of good capitalization were illustrated by Credit Suisse’s half-year results.

Switzerland’s second biggest bank climbed to a 1.2 billion Swiss francs ($1.2 billion) profit in the second quarter of the year after slipping 2.1 billion Swiss francs into the red in the first quarter. London AP

S08-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:26

Page 1

08 SUNDAY’S ZAMAN

S U N D AY, A U G U S T 1 0 , 2 0 0 8

NATIONAL

Iron sýlk road may become gýant hýghway between East and West PHOTO

Regional cooperation between the South Caucasus and Turkey has moved into a new phase as the deal over BakuTbilisi-Kars (BTK) railway finally concludes. Nicknamed "the iron silk road," the railroad will connect Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey while bypassing Russia and Armenia.

This project has formulated and clarified power relations among these countries. Although it took longer than expected for Georgia to join due to pressure from the Armenian lobby on American foreign policy to halt the project, the railway is scheduled to be completed by 2010 at an estimated price of $500 million.

The occupation of northern and southern routes by so called "problematic" countries Iran and Russia drew American and European attention to the South Caucasus, particularly Azerbaijan, as a potential bridge between East Asia and Europe. Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey stepped forward to serve as a protected corridor for Europe and to strengthen transportation between Asia and Europe via the BTK railway.

At a July 24 ceremony in Kars, Turkish President Abdullah Gül said, "The line not only links three countries, it links China and London."

"This project is putting trilateral cooperation in the region one step ahead," said Zeyno Baran, senior fellow and director of the Hudson Institute's Center for Eurasian Policy. Speaking to Sunday's Zaman, Baran said that the railroad, in allowing direct access from China to Europe, is important in terms of stability and economic development. According to Baran, a project of this kind is unique in the region. "Contributions from the West were huge in oil and gas projects; however, BTK is completely a result of the visions of the leaders of these three countries," she said.

Transit railways linking Europe to Asia crossed through Armenia to Turkey in three routes until Azerbaijan and Armenia went to war over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. One route passed through Kars-Gümrü-Ayrum-Marneuli-Tbilisi, finishing in Georgia. The other two traveled via Icevan-Kazakh-Baku and Kars-Yerevan-Nakhchivan-Baku. Armenia has also closed all routes to Central Asia, Russia and China. Thus the only trade connection that Armenia has left open is through Iran.

Construction of the final section of the BTK railway, connecting Kars with the Georgian border, began in July with a ceremony in which the leaders of all three countries participated. 105 kilometers remain left to build, 76 kilometers within Turkey and the remaining 29 between the Turkish border and the city of Ahelkeleki in Georgia. Georgia also plans to rehabilitate rail between Ahalkeleki and Tbilisi.

The railway is expected to transport 1.5 million passengers and 3 million tons of freight per year. Forecasts predict that by 2034 it will transport 3 million people and more than 16 million tons of goods. The total cost of the project is estimated at $500 million, with $200 million to be covered by Georgia and the remaining cost to be covered by Turkey. Georgia will also receive support from Azerbaijan and the US. In an interview with Sunday's Zaman, Professor Rovshan Ibrahimov, chairman of the international relations department at Qafqaz University in Baku, said this project is crucial for all three countries involved. "It is noteworthy that this is not the first regional project uniting political and economic interests of the three countries," he added.

An expert on political science and international relations in Azerbaijan, Dr. Ibrahimov optimistically puts this trilateral relation in a special setting. "The realization of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum gas pipeline, as well as their successful exploitation, provided the groundwork for ideas for

CÝHAN

MAHÝR ZEYNALOV ÝSTANBUL

Leaders of Turkey, (c) Azerbaijan (r) and Georgia attended the groundbreaking ceremony of the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars Railroad in Kars last month.

Azerbaijan, Turkey and Georgia to further deepen their relations, the result of which was the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad project."

He added, "It is noteworthy that President Gül, during his official visit to Azerbaijan, said that it is time to think about setting up a special economic zone between the three regional countries."

The project had stalled, but it accelerated after the three countries agreed on the deadlines for the railroad to be finished in Tbilisi on Nov. 29 of last year and subsequently in Kars on July 24.

After the signing ceremony in Tbilisi, Erdoðan said the venture would be a model for regional cooperation and that each of the railway's stations would send messages of peace and friendship to the world. He stressed that the railroad would revive the historic Silk Road and would serve the interests of all three regional countries. Ýlham Aliyev, the president of

Azerbaijan, in turn, stressed that the new railroad would strengthen stability and resolve issues in the region.

Considering that the railway will connect China with the West, interest in the project is increasing. Ibrahimov said, "This project has already attracted the interest of such countries as Kazakhstan and China, which have expressed a desire to use the BTK railway to transport their goods to European markets." Essentially a train from London will pass without interruption to China. In this sense, the BTK railway will play a significant role in East-West trade.

Dr. Vakhtang Maisaia, the chairman of the Foreign Policy Association of Georgia, said: "The 21st century begins with the realities of new geopolitics for world society.

Globalization and economic interdependence are making international relations more prudent and dynamic. Global inte-

gration is no longer a pure realization of enormous political and economic projects, but simple regional ones." Speaking to Sunday's Zaman, Maisaia added that "the BTK railroad fits into that dimension in that it further promotes one of the efficient East-West transport and energy corridor systems."

Pointing out that the BTK railroad will deepen regional integration, Dr. Maisaia goes on to say, "The railroad newly implies the full integration of the South Caucasus region into the world globalization process and of the developing potential of the involved parties [Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey] for true strategic cooperation, not only with such a global economic zone as the EU but also with the remote ASEAN [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] and the Pacific Forum."

While the three countries of the region are trying to establish a common area for trade and suitable conditions for the exchange of goods, the plan to exclude Armenia from all regional projects has been a consistent policy of Azerbaijan and Turkey. Dr. Ibrahimov asserted: "Because of the conflict with Azerbaijan and the historic dispute with Turkey, Armenia in fact does not have any economic relations with its closest neighbors. Because of the unresolved Karabakh conflict, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum gas pipeline were built bypassing Armenia, although its territory would provide the shortest route. In the event of the completion of the construction of the BTK railway, Armenia will be finalized in the economic impasse."

Similarly, Professor Kamer Kasým from Abant Ýzzet Baysal University in Bolu classifies Armenia as the only unsatisfied country.

"This project means that Armenia will be out of both transit routes and energy projects," he said.

President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili noted at the July 24 ceremony in Kars that, through the project, Georgia had opened a window to Europe. In this regard it was not surprising that Armenia would employ its strong lobby in the US to try and block funding for Georgia. Thus the expected deal was twice interrupted. At last on Nov. 21 of last year President Gül went to Georgia and signed the deal. Azerbaijan promised to fund some part of the project on the Georgian side.

The railway is also significant for Georgia in that, as it attempts to behave more independently in the South Caucasus, Georgia's recent problems with Russia will require new projects in order to decrease Russian dominance. "The one who benefits the most out of the regional cooperative effort is certainly Georgia," argues Ilyas Kamalov, expert on Russia and Ukraine at the Ankara Strategic Research Center. According to Kamalov, energy-poor Georgia is planning to pay its energy needs and carry out its projects independent of Russia.

Azerbaijan estimates that through this project, trade relations will advance as well as long distance transport of goods will be replaced by railway, which in turn will affect the efficiency and quality of transportation. Kazakhstan also agreed to connect itself to the railway. China and Kazakhstan signed support protocol agreements with these three countries in 2006. According to Musa Panahov, deputy minister of the Azerbaijani Transportation Ministry, Kazakhstan stated that they would always be ready to support the railway. "According to initial news, Kazakhstan is planning to transport 10 million tons of goods a year," said Panahov during a press conference in March of last year in Baku.

"The project will establish a direct link between Turkey and Azerbaijan. It is crucial that all shipping in the region reach Europe and Asia via Turkey," explained Turkish Transportation Minister Binali Yýldýrým at the July 24 ceremony in Kars.

This giant project will contribute hugely to the development of trade between East and West as well as deepen the economic, social and cultural integration in the region.

‘Curbing premature births requires multifaceted approach’ PHOTO

In the province of Van, 1,190 kilometers away, Dr. Ercan Kýrými was closely monitoring another premature baby. His facility, the Van Yüzüncü Yýl University Medical Center, is doing its best to keep premature babies alive. Indeed, they succeed most of the time.

Kirimi, because of past experience, knows that this baby, after reaching a certain weight and level of development, will be sent to an orphanage. The infant was not wanted by her family because premature babies need special care, and that comes at a cost.

"Ten percent of premature babies are not taken from the hospital by their families, or even if they are, the families, through various ways, just let them die," Kýrými noted. Ýstanbul resident Canan Göztepe and her friends have taken up the cause of giving premature babies a better chance at survival, not only because she lost two of her own years ago but also as a social responsibility project. She works with the El Bebek Gül Bebek association, which was established at the beginning of this year to advocate for better care for premature babies and call for special medical facilities for them.

The infant mortality rate in Turkey during the last five years dropped to 18 out of 1,000 from 28 out of 1,000, according to the Ministry of Health, which is trying to improve conditions at the neonatal care units of Turkish hospitals. It is a recognized fact that the infant mortality rate is high among premature babies, but there are no statistics on this specific population in Turkey. The causes of premature births also differ by region.

Obstetrician Cüneyt Özcan noted that the

CÝHAN

contýnued from page 1

stressful way of life in big cities, becoming a mother later in life and multiple pregnancies due to in vitro fertilization (IVF) are increasing the number of premature births in western Turkey. In the East, malnutrition, becoming a mother at a young age, frequent pregnancies and chronic urethra infections are the main reasons for premature births.

Regardless of the reasons behind premature births, the conditions in neonatal units leave much to be desired. According to the Turkish Health Care Workers Union (Türk Saðlýk-Sen), an average of 1,400,000 ba-

bies are born yearly, but there are only 1,532 incubators, while another 5,000 are needed. Önder Kahveci, the chairman of Türk Saðlýk-Sen, noted that the insufficient number of staff at hospitals is another big problem and that investments in infant healthcare are inadequate.

Dr. Güler Cimete from the Marmara University children's health department agrees with the assessments of Saðlýk-Sen on the situation of infant healthcare. Cimete noted that in one incubator there can be two to three babies and that this is increasing the risk

CM Y K

of infection, which is already high because of premature babies' underdeveloped immune systems.

Kýrýmlý lamented the situation, saying that his hospital is also suffering from a lack of incubators.

But Göztepe stated that even if the conditions in hospitals were ideal, this would not eliminate the problems that premature babies face.

"Premature babies need special care and special nurses who know how to handle these babies. I lost my child at a very good hospital 27 years ago because of a nurse," she noted, adding that this is why one of the aims of the association is to ensure that hospitals have neonatal nurses on staff. Göztepe said the medical problems of premature infants do not end once they are taken out of incubators.

"These babies are at risk for several health problems such as respiratory infections, problems in blood circulation and anemia. In addition, they can have problems with their vision and hearing. They needed specially equipped ambulances to transport them to health exams, but there are not enough of these ambulances for them," she noted.

The El Bebek Gül Bebek association is trying to raise funds for a special hospital in which premature babies will be cared for by neonatal nurses and other specialized staff, stated Göztepe. She noted that the association is also trying to help families with premature infants cover the costs of medical care.

"We are providing funding for the care of 145 babies for the time being. Yurtiçi Kargo and the Ülker Group are helping us with this social responsibility project. There is a real chance to keep premature babies alive and healthy," she stated.

Kýrými agreed that with proper care, mortality rates among premature babies could be brought down.

"Home births in our regions have a mortality of 18 percent. In the past it was higher. If the premature birth takes place at home, usually the babies are left to die because it is considered the same as a miscarriage," he said.

But even if a premature baby is born in a hospital and survives, this does not mean it will have a normal life. "Premature babies sometimes need to stay in the hospital for a long time. In order to help them we even established accommodations for mothers in the hospital. The mothers can stay there as long as they need to for free. We are taking care of their food for free, too.

But the problem is that these mothers often have several other children waiting for them at home, and there is nobody to take care of them, so the mothers sometimes choose to leave," Kýrými stated.

He noted that babies who are abandoned usually come from large families. "They are the seventh, eighth and even 10th children in their families. Actually this is often one of the reasons they were born prematurely.

Once, a family did not give permission for an operation on a premature baby. We lost it," he said.

Kýrými emphasized that in Van, they need an orphanage for babies and children up to age 6 because in their hospitals every year 50-60 newborns are abandoned.

Doctors agree that most premature births can be prevented by raising awareness among mothers and future mothers about their health, but that efforts must also be made to improve the neonatal departments of Turkish hospitals.

S09-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:24

Page 1

BEAUTY

SUNDAY’S ZAMAN 09

SUNDAY, AUGUST 10, 2008

Gorgeous leather items from Plus IT at Niþantaþý The selection at Niþantaþý’s Plus IT store includes a number of famous Italian brands, with alternatives ranging from shoes to handbags, wallets to belts and much more for both men and women. The chic and unique styles available at Plus IT stores will draw your full attention, and the collections this season, with their focus on black and gray tones, are particularly eye-catching. The plain black leather GF Ferré handbags with their shiny logos are available in models to fit every taste. And this line aims to prepare for the coming winter season by incorporating white into its designs. Just Cavalli is also available with its as-always assertive and chic designs, including leopard looks and unusual stripes. Just Cavalli, with its focus on striking brown tones, is the perfect alternative for both men and women who revel in chic style. Exté brings together sporty and chic to appeal to youthful fashion lovers. As for the C’N’C label, it uses beads, chains and stones in its handbags and shoes, drawing those who simply must stand out for their unique look to its stunning pieces.

Taking care of your ticker:

A LIFETIME ENDEAVOR SERVET ÖZTÜRK*

Altýnbaþ presents special jewelry collection The minute you set eyes on it, you won’t be able to pass up on this sumptuous show of gold from Altýnbaþ. The unparalleled beauty of diamonds meets up with the grand look of gold in this collection. And of course, the single stone ring, an indispensable item for so many women, is available at Altýnbaþ stores everywhere. But don’t confine yourself to just this, take a look at the bracelets, necklaces and earrings offered by Altýnbaþ. This very special jewelry in breathtaking models is offered at the following prices: 14 karat gold ring YTL 755, 0.59 karat diamond Tria ring YTL 2,408, 0.58 karat Tria diamond earrings YTL 1,918, 0.38 karat BenSenim diamond necklace YTL 1,640, gold bracelet YTL 922. For more information, go to www.altinbas.com

Sephora’s Compact concept for savvy traveler Some of the well-known brands included in the Sephora collection offer wonderfully practical solutions for travel. The makeup and skincare products on offer from Sephora this season give women practical, trendy and easy-to-carry solutions for their travel needs, putting a mark on summery style. When thinking of Sephora and travel, the first thing to come to mind is the Sephora Express Series; from special tissue deodorants to refreshing face and body sprays, from travel brush sets to SOS roll-ons, there are lots and lots of special alternatives available at Sephora this season.

The series includes many practical items such as refreshing sprays for the body, special easy to carry cleansing tissues, anti-bacterial gels and much, much more. Sephora’s Weekend Kit includes tiny bottles and little jars that will allow for the easy and practical transport of perfumes and creams when heading off on a vacation.

One of the primary reasons for sudden deaths among professional athletes and young people is an abnormality in the veins or arteries.

Even though they receive cardiovascular check-ups on a regular basis, athletes’ lifestyles can have a negative impact on the health of their hearts. Eating foods with high cholesterol content, excessive alcohol consumption and use of illicit drugs can harm the internal surfaces of the coronary veins. A build up of cholesterol within the veins can cause a partial or full blockage.

Cholesterol crystals cause serious problems when they arrive in the vein outlets. This condition in its early phases of vein hardening may be detected even in 6-month-old babies. This problem destroys the cell blocks in the veins.

The cell block inside the vein produces hormones to ensure that the vein remains open and to prevent adhesion of coagulation agents on the vein’s surface. This hormone also controls vein functions. When production of this hormone is eliminated via emergence of vein problems, spasms are observed in the vein. This can lead to sudden death. Rhythm disorders in the heart are another cause of sudden deaths.

Devices such as the T-wave alternans can detect persons who are at increased of sudden cardiac death. However, unfortunately it is impossible to detect certain rhythm disorders beforehand.

Meat not meant to be eaten with every meal There is an unspoken rule in modern societies that meat should be eaten at every meal. This is simply wrong. Meat should only be consumed one to two times per week. In particular, cooking vegetables with meat is unhealthy. It is better to cook vegetables with olive oil and cook the meat separately without fat on a grill.

Legumes should also be eaten in addition to meat because these products are the fundamentals for healthy nutrition. Abandoning the habit of having desert with every meal is one of the most crucial rules for a healthy diet.

If an individual has one parent that has undergone bypass surgery in their 40s, the individual should have his or her blood tested starting from their 20s on a regular basis because high cholesterol can become a problem at this age. Even if they feel perfectly healthy, those having parents with a cholesterol problem should have tests for cholesterol, blood fats, blood pressure and diabetes once a year.

Manage stress levels Children experience stress as early as primary school and they continue living with it for the rest of their lives. Because of the sedentary lifestyles of our modern world, more and more children are overweight or even grossly obese.

Overweight people are more likely to develop vein and heart diseases. For this reason, teaching stress management from childhood onward is very important. Stress perception and the reaction to stress are different for everyone. However, it is most important to manage and cope with stress in healthy ways.

Individuals should find something to do outside of work, such as a hobby or exercise program, to shift one’s focus away from the stress of work. Exercise also helps to maintain weight and reduces cholesterol levels.

Cut back on TV time The agenda in Turkey is packed with alarming news much of the time. The news can be another source of stress among sensitive people. Thus, people should avoid watching the news after work. Try reading a book or relaxing on the balcony instead. *Dr. Servet Öztürk is the cardiology department chair at Memorial Hospital.

A healthy diet for a healthy heart Make sure your daily calorie intake is not excessive Liquid oils (olive oil, hazelnut oil, soy oil or corn oil) should be chosen over solid oils Eat more fish Limit consumption of red meat to once a week, white meat (chicken and turkey) can be eaten more often Avoid high calorie products (cake, chips) with high levels of fat Grill or boil instead of frying Reduce salt intake Increase number of meals per day while decreasing portion size Avoid smoking and being in smoky environments Exercise at least three times a week Choose vegetables and fruits over deserts and refined foods with simple sugar content

Max Factor Glide & Define for incredible eyes

Renew your skin with Awe-Cemre this summer

Award-winning Max Factor Masterpiece mascara now comes with the perfect liquid eyeliner, Glide & Define. This product creates the most beautiful eyes. The magic wand allows you to wave good-bye to faded, uneven eyeliner forever. This liquid liner’s formula allows sufficient time for you to fix errors you may have made, which can be a nightmare for liquid eyeliner wearers. Incredible eyes are just a few strokes away.

The applicator has a sensitive pointy tip that allows application to be as simple as regular eyeliner, and it comes in small size that’s perfect for slipping into any purse. Glide & Define is sure to become a part of your daily makeup ritual. Available at drug and cosmetics stores for YTL 24.90.

Awe-Cemre skin oil cleanses your skin while renewing it, making your face baby-skin soft. All women like to pamper themselves with products and AweCemre provides the perfect opportunity for that. This special oil gives your skin a youthful glow while it tightens your pores and balances your natural facial oils. It is particularly effective on dry or cracked skin and sensitive enough to be used on babies. The vitamins, minerals and fatty acids work to smooth out the skin and work for an anti-aging effect.

Awe-Cemre, which is made of a mixture of Anatolia’s herbs, has a wide range of products from natural oils, teas, granular products, honey-herb mixes, shampoos and cosmetic creams.

Regenerist revitalizes your face one cell at a time The brand which understands women, Oil of Olay, has a new series called the Regenerist. This line works to quickly renew cells.

Regenerist, which contains amino-peptides, gives the skin the rejuvenating boost it needs without expensive and difficult medical procedures. The formula also contains pentapeptide, vitamin B3, pro-vitamin B5, vitamin E, Allantoin and green tea extract, which help build the skin’s moisture layer. The series comes in an array of products, including night cream, day cream, eye serum, UV lotion and regular serum. Regenerist products are available at drug and cosmetics stores.

The serum is available for YTL 52.50, all other products for YTL 49.90.

CM Y K

S10-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:23

Page 1

10 SUNDAY’S ZAMAN

S U N D AY, A U G U S T 1 0 , 2 0 0 8

CULTURE&ARTS

CULTURAL AGENDA CONCERT Rock and roll pioneer Chuck Berry will perform live at Ýstanbul's Parkorman on the night of Aug. 15. Tickets, priced between YTL 56 and YTL 125, can be purchased at www.biletix.com.

French singer-songwriter Sébastien Tellier, the French duo Nouvelle Vague, the Italian band Figli Di Madre Ignota and the duo Dzihan & Kamien from Austria will take to the stage at the Lounge 102 FM -The Birthday party, scheduled for Aug. 17 at Parkorman. Ticket price: YTL 65 (Biletix) Admission-free street concerts titled "2010'a Gider iken" (En Route to 2010), featuring performances by jazz musicians Ýlhan Erþahin, Kerem Görsev, folk musician Neþet Ertaþ, the Cemal Reþit Rey Ýstanbul Symphony Orchestra and Roma clarinetist Selim Sesler, will run in various locations across Ýstanbul until Aug. 31. Venues include ferry piers and parks in Sarýyer, Zeytinburnu, Kartal, Bayrampaþa, Bebek, Beykoz and Büyükada. All concerts start at 8 p.m.

PERFORMING ARTS "Rock on Broadway," a collage of the world's most popular rock musicals and operas, will be staged on Aug. 14 at Ýstanbul's Harbiye Open-air Theater. The show will start at 9 p.m. Tickets at Biletix.

The Sixth Bodrum International Ballet Festival runs from Aug. 15-29, featuring performances by the State Ballet companies of Ankara, Ýstanbul and Ýzmir, and the Spanish ensembles Los Vivancos and Compania de Antonio Najarro, at the Bodrum Castle.

EXHIBITIONS Iraqi photojournalist Bashar Adnan's exhibition "Türkiye ile Irak arasýnda Muhabbet Köprüsü Musul" (Mosul: A Bridge of Endearment between Turkey and Iraq) is on display until Aug. 15 in Ankara at the Directorate General of Press and Information (BYEGM) foyer.

The First Çanakkale International Biennial of Contemporary Art, featuring artwork by 56 artists from 15 countries, runs until Aug. 16 in five locations across the city, including the State Gallery of Fine Arts, the Naval Museum Art Gallery, the Old Church, the Fevzipaþa quarter and the Marina.

Paintings by young artist Almýla Kursar Kuþ are currently on show at Ýstanbul's Gallery Artist Çukurcuma, located in Beyoðlu. Titled "Kirli Aðustos" (Dirty August), the exhibition runs until Aug. 20. Tel.: (212) 251 9163 A collection titled "Pinhole Photographs," showcasing photographs taken by children using homemade pinhole cameras, is on show at the Ýstanbul Museum of Modern Art's photography gallery until Aug. 24. Tel.: (212) 334 7300 The art gallery of Ýstanbul's Çýraðan Palace Kempinski is hosting a retrospective of its exhibitions from over the last year, showcasing a selection of works by artists Hikmet Barutçugil, Ýsmail Acar, Mehmet Güleryüz, Devrim Erbil and Sýtký Olçar, among others. The exhibition can be viewed every day until Aug. 26.

The photography exhibition "Baykuþun Kareleri" (The Owl's Frames) at Ýstanbul's Pera Museum celebrates the 30th anniversary of the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University's department of photography. The show runs until Aug. 31. Tel.: (212) 211 4100 The Ütopya Platform art gallery in Ýstanbul's Kýzýltoprak is hosting a collection called "Yaz 2" (Summer 2), featuring a selection of works by 36 Turkish artists, until Sept. 30. Tel.: (216) 414 1187 A retrospective titled "Assorted Cocktail" by Magnum photographer Martin Parr is on display at the Santralistanbul energy museum and contemporary arts center's main gallery on the third floor until Oct. 30. Open every day 10 a.m. to 8 p.m., except Mondays. Tel.: (212) 311 7360

‘A Summer Full of Love - Sevda Dolu Bir Yaz’ by Füruzan MARION JAMES ÝSTANBUL

One of my favorite books is a large collection of short stories by W. Somerset Maugham. His tales range in setting from English suburbia, through the flashy jet-set of Monte Carlo, to the steaming jungle of Indonesia and Borneo. They cover a century of change from Victorian prudishness, through the flightiness of the 1920s to the deprivations of wartime in World War II. But the title Maugham gave to his collected short stories summarizes their appeal -- "The World Over" -- for his tales do demonstrate that human nature is the same the world over.

At the end of a busy day I love to be able to dip in to this collection. At most 15 to 20 minutes of reading gives a complete story.

That feeling of engrossment as you are drawn into the world the writer is recreating.

That feeling of total satisfaction as you read the last lines and turn the last page. A story complete in cameo. A perfect way to unwind.

Edgar Allen Poe appreciated this aspect of the short story's appeal. He called them "prose tales," and defined short stories as unified works of fiction that could be read in a single sitting. For him, this uninterrupted experience of the fictional world was the key to the reader's experience of a short story (as opposed to that of a novel or an epic poem).

One of Turkey's most popular short story writers is a lady called simply by the name of Füruzan. Born in Ýstanbul in 1935, she had success at the age of 37. Her first book, "Parasýz Yatýlý" (Free Room and Board) was awarded Turkey's top

prize for short story telling -- the Sait Faik Prize.

For the intermediate or advanced language learner, the short story has the advantage that you do not have to wade through hundreds of pages of text, getting bogged down with unknown words as the plot progresses slowly. In a short story, the pace is quicker, and spending an hour with a grammar book and dictionary by your side you can make great strides.

Clearly with this in mind, Milet has published "A Summer Full of Love -Sevda Dolu Bir Yaz," a collection of three of Füruzan's tales in English and Turkish.

Odd-numbered pages are in English, even-numbered ones in Turkish. So you can choose to either read one or the other, using the parallel text in your native language as a guide if you get stuck in deciphering the foreign one.

The short story teller's art differs from the novelist's art.

Of course, they both use the major elements of fiction (character, plot, theme and point of view), but the short story writer has a very short space in which to develop these elements. There are many courses you can take to learn the ropes. The best ones normally recommend the following "rules": Use few characters and stick to one point of view: Joseph O'Connor says: "A good short story is almost always about a moment of profound realization. Or a hint of that. A quiet bomb. There is a record by the American singer

Tori Amos called 'Little Earthquakes.' That's a good metaphor for a short story. Often, a good short story will be a little earthquake."

Limit the time frame: It's unrealistic to cover years of a character's life in 25 pages.

(Even a month might be a challenge.) By limiting the time period, you allow more focus on the events that are included in the narrative.

Be selective: William Trevor called it the "art of the glimpse," meaning that if the novel is like an intricate Renaissance painting, the short story tends more towards impressionism. It is an explosion of truth and its strength ought to lie in what it leaves out as much as what it puts in, if not more.

Be very selective: Every line should either build character or advance the action. If it doesn't do one of these two things, it has to go.

William Faulkner was right to advise writers to kill their darlings. This advice is especially important for short story writers.

Say something worthwhile about the human condition: O'Connor, again: "The single fact I can be sure about is this: writers are watchers. The one and only thing they have in common is an ability to look at the everyday world and be knocked out by it. Stopped in their tracks. Startled. Gob-smacked."

With these "rules" as a guide, we can say why Füruzan is so successful. Her three stories

presented here: "The Park on the Quayside," "The River" and "A Summer Full of Love" display the short story teller's art exquisitely.

The eponymous tale focuses on a grown woman telling the story of her childhood to her own child. The summer in question is one full of the love between a child and her father, before their world is shattered. It is not just the rich descriptions that bring the story to life, but the pathos as a story of injustice is told through loving eyes that refuse to judge or be bitter.

In "The Park on the Quayside," Füruzan attributes to a young widow her own powers of observation, as the down-at-heel widow ponders the scene around her. "Maybe they weren't the same people who returned everyday to the quayside. But they all displayed the same carefree happiness that made them so indistinguishable from one another."

And in "The River" we hear this magnificently insightful description of a woman from the lips of a gossiping servant: "The Aða's wife was beautiful, and as white as cotton. She knew how a woman should be. … But if a woman doesn't get on with her husband, then everywhere is a dungeon to her. A man is everything.

What is a woman anyway? She's the sufferer."

So for a happy hour this summer, dip into Füruzan's tales. Even if you don't attempt to unwind the Turkish, you will learn about Turkey from her evocative analysis of the pleasures and pressures of family relations and the impact of the social class divide.

"A Summer Full of Love - Sevda Dolu Bir Yaz," by Füruzan, published by Milet, 5.99 pounds in paperback, ISBN: 978-184059301-3

YOUR ENGLISH BOOKSTORE !

Visit our boutique store: including family area for parents, children and youth.

Dumlupýnar Sok No 17, Kadýköy, Ýstanbul Call us on 0216 550 4961 for directions.

Open Mon-Sat (except Tues): 10:30-18:30 We can ship books to your door.

Email requests to serakitapevi@superonline.com

‘NORTHERN CYPRUS'

by Kristina Gursoy Published by Landmark Visitors Guides 9.99 pounds in paperback Travel

Now fully updated and with new photographs, this full color itinerary based guide has been a consistently popular title for many years and will enable holidaymakers to prepare with an extensive briefing on northern Cyprus, including history, climate, culture, food and drink.

‘LIFE CLASS'

by Pat Barker Published by Penguin 7.99 pounds in paperback Fiction: general

In the spring of 1914, Paul Tarrant, a student at the Slade School of Art, is easily distracted by an intriguing fellow student, Elinor Brooke. As spring turns to summer, Paul and Elinor each reach a crisis in their relationship until finally in the first few days of war they turn to each other.

CM Y K

‘PLANET IN PERIL'

‘THE COLDEST WINTER'

by Anita Ganeri Published by Scholastic 6.99 pounds in paperback Children, ages 8-12

by David Halberstam Published by Macmillan 25 pounds in hardback History

This is part of the Horrible Geography Handbook series and covers the environmental issues children are most concerned about, from climate change to carbon footprints, and offers ideas of things that readers can do to help save the planet. This is geography with all the gritty bits left in!

Focused on America and the Korean War, Halberstam gives vivid and nuanced portraits of all the major figures -- Eisenhower, Truman, Acheson, Kim and Mao, plus the individual stories of men on the front lines who were left to deal with the consequences of the competing agenda of powerful men.

S11-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:22

Page 1

CULTURE&ARTS

SUNDAY’S ZAMAN 11

S U N D AY, A U G U S T 1 0 , 2 0 0 8

Arabesque music: an indispensable part of Turkish culture AYÞE GÜR ÝSTANBUL

environment. Consequently the urban culture clash between the poor and the rich sharpened, as squatter towns began emerging and migrants became more stereotyped, pushed to the peripheries of the society.

As ethnomusicology professor Martin Stokes points out, with the emergence of such marginalized spaces, social and moral disintegration merged with the arabesque form. The music became a means to express the sense of dislocation that migrants were experiencing.

Musician and politician Zülfü Livaneli states, "The arabesque trend is not only a form of music; rather, it is the identity problem of a nation placed between East and West, and unable to integrate with either of them." This brings up the question: As a nation, after all we have been through, is arabesque a symbol for our collective identity?

Sociologist Meral Özbek makes the point that listeners of the genre actually range from squatter town dwellers to members of the high and middle classes.

This suggests that the arabesque phenomenon extends beyond a phenomenon of the lower classes.

The words, or rather the confession, of Hürriyet Editor-in-Chief Ertuðrul Özkök, published in 1995, illustrates this point: "Oh my God, arabesque. …

Everything I should hate as an intellectual takes hold of my mind; I cannot stop myself. I don't know if it is the music, the lyrics, the sound or the rhythm. A feeling of betrayal to my class takes over me, and I make peace with my past, my complexes, intellectual priggeries, stupid obsessions … with everything and everybody."

However, the stigmatization of arabesque did not stop as long as role models such as Ýbrahim Tatlýses (now suspected of being linked with the Ergenekon gang) continued to awkwardly represent the East in an odd amalgamation of the urban and the rural. This is epitomized in the stereotype of drinking whisky while eating lahmacun.

Taking "Ýbo" and others like Ferdi Tayfur and Müslüm Gürses as their role models, the audience ignored the fact that these figures were actually enjoying the same life standards as the class that marginalized them -- thanks to the money they earned by singing arabesque songs. In search of an identity, listeners copied not only the physical appearance of the singers but also their mentality and attitudes, thus establishing a predominant quality of masculinity with strong inclinations towards crime.

Arabesque singer Orhan Gencebay is an exception. With his high level of compositional and technical expertise, as well as his outlook, he constitutes a stark contrast with the mainstream singers of the genre. He claims to enrich the music by experimenting with it, creating a fusion t h a t

the term "arabesque" inadequately defines. Having sold over 60 million legal copies, Gencebay is a major Turkish artist, and he has a serious mission.

Since the 1960s, Gencebay's music has been the symbol for the rebellious stance against anything bringing down the proletariat. A distinct class awareness pervades his music, thus allowing the traditional themes of arabesque -- grief, loneliness, alienation -- to be experienced within a larger community. As Stokes describes, the listener acquires a language of self-representation, and thus identifies with the outsider figure of arabesque drama.

In this respect one can even claim that arabesque soothes and eases the pain of being the other. As representations of the other appear on the screen and the radio via themes like family separation and migrant labor, the social domain no longer solely belongs to the upper class. Thus the lumpenproletariat emerges with an inclination to transform into the modern.

Most other arabesque music differs greatly from Gencebay's. Singers like Ýsmail YK and Cankan articulate the stories of migrants as well, though their music does not communicate the transition from rural to urban. Rather their music reflects the labor migration beginning in the 1960s from Turkey to Germany, and the subsequent cultural erosion of Turkish youth in foreign. Though the rhythm and sound is quite different from mainstream arabesque, the lyrics serve the same aim -- caught between East and West, the words seek to forge an identity.

The arabesque genre epitomizes the painful process this nation has endured.

Though the bans have been lifted, the implicit conflicts of East vs.

West still reside

deep in the Turkish psyche. While arabesque now transcends class barriers and is popular in all sectors of society, pretension toward arabesque still exists. The genre recalls the same problem the nation has been dealing with for decades: Does modernization necessarily constitute the denial of one's own culture? Or, as Gencebay puts it, to focus on your heritage is to perpetually recreate it. As long as the question remains to be solved by the so-called modern authorities, it seems that arabesque will never be hushed.

COLLAGE

YUNUS EMRE HATUNOÐLU

"Every form of music bears the signs of the diversity and tensions existent in the society from which it has emerged," says German sociologist and musicologist Theodor Adorno in his notes on the sociology of music. Indeed Turkish music reflects the transformations and transitions of its nation's history, especially in the context of a heavily stigmatized genre: arabesque. Often used as a derogatory term, "arabesque" not only stands for the music of the ghetto, but also for "the eastern" aspect of the Turkish psyche.

Even if the elite keeps taking it as a threat because of its supposed impurity and fatalistic outlook, the codes of arabesque are both explicitly and implicitly present in almost every corner of urban life. Hearing the music in the streets, minibuses and coffee houses along with the sight of pensive faces full of misery and mutinous expressions against anything pertaining to the urban, it is clear that arabesque both calms and provokes simultaneously.

Arabesque music imagines a lifestyle for the "outsiders" in the city, providing them with role models such as "Ýbo" and "Müslüm Baba," who define the codes of behavior in the way they dress, speak and live. While the exaggerated characteristics and appearances of these stereotypes, such as wearing white socks, egg-heeled shoes and a moustache, are quite well known, the conditions that created this particular kind of music are often unfortunately ignored.

The social class referred to as "lumpenproletariat"

by Karl Marx is generally believed to have created the genre. The beginnings of arabesque date back to the first decade of Turkish Republic, when the nation was undergoing an immense modernization project.

Like most aspects of life at that time, Turkish music had to change to be like its Western counterparts. Thus at that time, along with many other radical societal changes, a strict ban was imposed on radio broadcasting of classical Turkish music between 1934 and 1936.

Unable to hear their traditional sounds, people tuned to Egyptian radio stations, easily available thanks to their high broadcasting frequency. The voices of Arab singers like Umm Khultum from Cairo Radio would soothe the ears of a nation longing for their old music.

People began taking an interest in Egyptian movies as well. Between the years 1936 and 1948, some 130 Egyptian films were shown in Turkey, including the musical "The Tears of Love," which was the most popular.

Performed by Turkish singer Hafýz Burhan Sesyýlmaz, the records of the film's soundtrack in Turkish unexpectedly sold out. Alarmed by such a high interest in Arab music and cinema, the government banned both of them in 1948. Thus the genre emerged via translations and imitations of Egyptian songs and movies.

The translations of Egyptian singer Abdulwahhab's tracks dominated the commercial recording market, as well as songs by prominent composer-singers such as Saadettin Kaynak, the first recognized arabesque composer, and Munir Nurettin Selçuk. (The latter also shot a couple of movies adapted from their Egyptian counterparts.) However, despite high popularity and demand, the songs continued to be banned from radio.

Beginning in the 1960s, with the introduction of new migrant groups into urban spaces, the genre acquired a new meaning.

While the first wave of migrant groups had been well-off villagers and thus had not had much difficulty adapting to the city, this second one was mostly lower class, with no idea about how to survive in such an alien

Arabesque musicians (from left) Ferdi Tayfur, Orhan Gencebay, Ýbrahim Tatlýses, Müslüm Gürses CM Y K

S12-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:22

Page 1

6!)!-

&WFOU PG UIF XFFL

(C"."

?

;+&+++ !

&

&

" 0

O ( 3(004

.

. &

.

KN &

1 $ (00

1

;A & 1 ) B L ! &

P" #

&P !

. &

&

.

! ; ;<

0

?

#

5&+++ . O

& ! & "

I &

Z+

& I

.

.

B 0 C 1 0 .

. O (

!

H &

B

. H 0 C X O ! .

& &

. ? ) '/ ! B

( ? ) D ] ! ! #

B

.

'/ C *+

'/ (

" ; !

. ! ?

3. 04 D ? % E B L M

& J L BH H N &

ZA 8

&

) % O 3J!K4 &

. O

2

&

+ 5 + R

2

&

C & .

1 3. 4

3%(14 + R< 2 2 & 3((14

; *R

! .

!

O )

' ?

) F ' M )

( B !

&

& ! &

& !

B . O ( ) . ' M

. !

B ! ' M & ' &

H &

C !

C ) ! M *A

&

! * " - ' "(" "# " # , ; < " , 8

&

) % O 3J!K4 & ) '

*+

. ! ?

3. 04

C

& ( ) . ' M 8

) F G H

J!K

. &

& *R *A

8 6 . B O C . C !

? &

!

B .

% 3B.%4 ' I O

&

;Z

. !I # ! %

.

O

&

!

. #

\ H & E

O !

&

. 2 8 ( 3!0 ( 4

J!KO

& J!K

#

.

J!K

J!KO 8 !

& D ? % E B L M

& J L BH H N &

ZA&

1LN 0 L & % 32 04&

D ? & B L M ! ! 1LN & D ? & 2 0

( I

0 %

C &

&

. (00

.

O

B .

% !

.

( H O

&

( H .

*;

&

.

E

. / 3E.\4& I /

8 I ' H / &

&

&

! #

. O

# ' / & (

. O '/

ZZ * &

RR 2 &

!

) ("DD ± % ! 5 R . (00

E

O \ H #

. !

I

(00

\ H P.

E

.

O) " B O V (00W&P

. % ( . /

30' 04

! ;R&

O

. 0' 0

J.D ;&*R+ &

& 1

J.D ,R+

PHOTO

AP

1IPUP PG UIF XFFL

! ! " ( " # " " ) +" , " = !# !

&

&

"

? ( )

&

) B

( ) F (

P

P P

P .

;99*&

&

C

& . ? )

?

.

O

P

&

&P

&

. ( ) . ' M

&

! . &

(

'

. &

) ' & $

%

CM Y K

S13-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:21

Page 1

HacýbektaÞ bVS VSO`bZO\R ]T /ZSdWa

> $ ? ;

' 5 . $

,\ # ]^

] %

3 ' _ 0`{|1 || " }} ' ~ _ 0`{|1 || ``|| ?> ?

$

. ' 5 . $ 65 .

$ .

, . Â&#x20AC; 8

J ) &

B L

C N B L .

&

Q & &

!

Q

0N ) N 3! 5+ 4&

&

B L

&

&

"

[

* +- % 6 ! & ! # # ! % )5 !# & " 0 & 4 0 , ! # 4 & & ./ ! & ! ! % )0 * + < % 6 ) " ! & " ! & & #& ! & !

!DE \-!D

$ ' 5 + .85 Â

7J ! & ) & ! > .

5+

B L

!

C N B L N F &

C I ( 3 ( ) 4&

.

H Q ! &

F &

C N B L&

! &

&

B N 3;5Z* ;R;Z4&

B L 1

& 5+

&

&

"

&

7 > C N L&

1 &

&

&

& ;A

B L '

" & B

&

! ²B LN

.

D

? 2

B &

! H ;9;9

&

3 4 1

B

&

&

.

0 N N ! ' 3C ( 4 ! N X L 3 4& C N B L N F

&

. 0 N N ! ' 0 G H 3B .

4

G H B I !

2

% ?

(C"."

(C"."

-

! C N L

R5 & #

? & C N L

&

C N B L N F & ;, & 0 1 &

G H

;*A+ ;*<+ C

I

$ [ C N B L

&

3

&

! 4 ;,,A

&

.

. ! ! &

! & )

;+

. & C N B L

/ &

&

C N L

& &

: "

$ !

$ & &

?

&

3 4 1

&

' ;<R, .

.

!L ' & % &

I &

0 0 I 3B % 4&

" 2

% &

.

$

;<,5 ) 11 2

! ²B LN

"

&

C &

) ' & !

7 >

.

;R C N B L N F

B

!

) 0 ! H

.

;9;9& 1 .

& C N B L N F C &

J!F/6 K!CE-

PAT YALE NEVĂ&#x17E;EHĂ?R

S14-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:20

Page 1

(C"."

!(

< !# !# &

$

~

% ( $ $

$ %

7 $$

, % Â&#x201A;

% # ! ,

" /

.

/

"

) &

O

&

"

O !# . .

&

)

O &

C

"

.

&

&

/- .

$

!

& "

& ;99+&

I

?

"

2 ;99;&

;&+++ ;++&+++

. & I

&

2 ;99* #

"

& - "

&

1 2 *++*

% ( "

#

C

"

: ;99, *++; *++Z "

# 99 1 & ' 0 !

"

&

! # ! ! ! ! !

& I

I

& I 8

"

. .

&

"

& 0

&

"

"

. "

0 &

& /-& '/ % 1 3%1 4 "

0

? ;A& *++< . "

&

0 O

&

D & / 8 !

' '

! ) B I &

0

&

"

&

-!."

-!."

B

! *++<

!

I "

&

.

&

'/ -!."

&

. .

&

"

! A&

"

I

0

. &

&

. % ' &

&

. /-

& "

!

I .

!

4 ) & 5 " 6 7 & '

B / 'D . ' / O

&

& ;R

' ) / .

.

/ 0 B ')/

1 '/

& /0

'

&

D 1 & /0

I

B '

B

/0 & D O

R+ % . I

/0

B

')/

' % B ' &

. & &

/0&

& % &

B ' '%B

')/O

' ! '

1 P &P &

&

.

&

'/

# ')/& & B & B . .

' &

'

. '/

&

I '/

% 1 & '

'

'

'/

& '/ &

&

.

(

;9<+ &

. '

R+ &

&

! & !

I

'/ /

' O

&

B & &

O

! ! ) / 3 / '/4

&

' O

' . '

( &

O '/& % 1

?

( ' &

/ B

& '

:

C &

' ! / & '

'

P P ' 1 & ' *;

'

&

')/O

4 (

( $ ' "

8 #$%&'()*+%$,- .. '

' ( ) *

+

&TUBCMJTIFE PO +BOVBSZ /0 4VOEBZ "VHVTU

" B ? I I ! K

% ' "

' %

' ' ) ' ! "

! # 8 - ' ! # $ ! % B

- ' % ± ! ' ! & ? ' $ ' # % % ' $ ) " ( % ) " ! $ 8 % ) " !

B ) ! !

)

" (

% 1 : ( . : ( & 8 C $ : .

6 & ,5;95 J

& 1 .!-B/D ( - : ³9+ *;* 5R5 ; 555 ? : +*;* 5R5 ;5 9A& !

: :²² I & ( : ? I I ! K .

! ( : ³9+ *;* 5R5 <* 5A& ? : ³9+ *;* 5R5 <Z ,, . O 6

CM Y K

S15-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:19

Page 1

' .

J .

" ' . .

I

% / (

3%/(4 . &

&

I

.

!

&

%/( .

:

I .

: ; . J .

&

& [ * .

[

F GTIKN"VQFC[U\COCP EQO

& J . & %/(&

&

P P .

I

! &

.

I

&

P P 1 &

.

1

3

4

E

;9A+

.

.

C & P [ ´P .

1

1

&

- . I &

&

. &

./ 0 22

C HKPMGN"VQFC[U\COCP EQO

KJUCP [KNOC\"VQFC[U\COCP EQO

! # ! .

I &

!

1

J

&

&

&

& ?

&

.

I

.

& 1

&

!

C ' B 3JU04 1 .

&

!

H &

C &

1

& ) H

3 *;4 &

.

#

& &

& #

.

E

. / &

' M 3

H

4 # .

.

( ! - I & $

.

!

& .

C &

$

E

' . $

S .

"

&

&

B &

& & &

&

I

&

I

.

.

&

& &

S 1

&

&

& &

) .

&

P

P "

B

% %

!

&

*++A

&

&

. O

.

? &

I

² & I

.

I

.

P P

'

.

: .

&

&

S "

´

# ,

3 ,

H GTVCP"VQFC[U\COCP EQO

1 1 ( O & 1 1 8 &

& #

!

1 1 1

1

1 0

. / &

1 1& &

1 B

/

1 1 1 & /

1 1

.

C &

& / !

1 1O

.

2 A

1 O

&

(

? & !

(

$ P 1 1SP 1 &

( B

( ( ) I P 1 1SP . $

! (

( O

& ! ) & (

( B

$

$

1 ? ( O

/ & C C $$ &

/

1 1

1 1

&

(

) &

OO

/ (

.

&P

/

1 1 D

1 1

& 1 B & 1 )

.

OO OO &

& & D ! R

2 *Z OO &OO

( O

OO.

&OO

.

& & O

? & O

( )

1 &

)

! $ 0 &

1 1& . 1 1 & D - . #&

) !

&

)

1 1 B & &

&

1

1 1

( &

/ & !

1 . & &

&

. .

.

&

# &

. #

. % % O

;+ ;; #

2 8 ( 3!0 ( 4

B

S ' #

1 &

&

B

S .

$ . .

& & /

I

&

#

( O ( 3%C(4&

.

.

(

#

&

&

O

E

O

) &

.

& &

.

.

&

1

&

)

)

&

)

.

. .

0 ² . ) 0 ! H

&

D

0 & *+ &

.

"

P

P .

I

& O O

.

.

.

&

&

B

& #

O

"

- .

. "

O .

0

.

!

.

1

1

&

S16-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:18

Page 1

!

! " # $ !$

!

@ ! 1

BO! : [

[

[

[

2

.

BO!

!

&

& ! 3

.

BO! 4 . ' O 1 8 &

( 1 T & ;+&+++

&

,++ 1 & ! ;+& ;<+9&

. .

BO! &

2 1

3.

4 2 ! & 2 ! .

?

. 3

0 4 . 1

P

2

P .

ZRZ &

! &

&

.

BO!

*R &

.

BO! .

.

/4

! "#$ % # & % ' (

) ( ! *

( + ' / ( ' - ' -

' -

D ! &

%

) µ & ' ' # B % % T O & PD I ! Y P 3PD ! P4&

! &

1

T & B ( ;<**& ' & ! 2 Y & # ¶ B ] O

% &

;<,+

. 5/

0 "(( ' ) + )) 1 2 ! 3 3 $ - & $ ( & ! 4 4 5 ) ) % )

' ! ' $ ! "6 7 &( "6 " (

) - !

0 ) ! "6 7 ) - !

4)655&3

&3/ 8":; <

) = ' # DD>DO D?>JJ DI>DO DO>DO DL>DO DF>JJ DB>DO ?D>DO 0 * > ?I>DO ( ! > ? @@ DD>IJ DI>IJ DO>IJ DL>IJ DB>IJ ?D>IJ 8( ? A / B

DD>JJ D?>JJ DA>JJ DN>JJ DF>JJ ?J>JJ ??>JJ 0 * > ?A>JJ &E+&? = ' # " F ( ) DD>DO DI>DO DO>DO DL>DO DB>DO ?D>DO 0 * > ?I>DO

5)& 453"/(&34

&3/ 8":; ;

= ' # (

DD>AO DI>AO DO>AO DL>AO DB>AO ?D>AO 0 * > ?I>AO ( ! > = ' # 8 # # DD>IJ DI>IJ DO>IJ DL>IJ DB>IJ ?D>IJ 0 * > ?I>AO 8( ? A / B DD>AO DI>AO DO>AO DL>AO DB>AO ?D>AO 0 * > ?A>JJ = ' # - DD>OO DI>OJ DO>OJ DN>OJ DL>OJ DF>OJ DB>OJ ?J>OJ ?D>OJ 0 * > ?A>JJ &E+&? = ' # ( - DI>IJ DO>IJ DL>IJ DB>IJ ?D>IJ 0 * > ?I>IJ 8/ ;G = ' # + D?>JJ DA>JJ DN>JJ DF>JJ ?J>JJ ??>JJ 0 * > ?A>DO

%"3, '-0034

&3/ 8":; H * + ) @> DD>JJ D?>JJ DI>JJ DA>JJ DO>JJ DN>JJ DL>JJ DF>JJ DB>JJ ?J>JJ ?D>JJ ( ! >

= ' # 8 # # DD>DO DI>DO DO>DO DL>DO DB>DO ?D>DO 0 * > ?I>IJ 8( ? = ' # - DD>OJ DI>OJ DA>OJ DO>OJ DL>OJ DF>OJ DB>OJ ?D>OJ 0 * > ?I>OJ &E+&? ( $+ - DD>AO DA>JJ DN>DO DF>IJ ?J>AO

4-&&18"-,*/(

&3/ 8":; ;

= ' # (

DD>JJ DI>JJ DO>DO DL>IJ DB>AO ??>JJ 0 * > ?A>DO ( I! " # - # =

/ DD>IJ DI>AO DN>JJ DF>AO DB>AO ?D>JJ ??>JJ 0 * > ?I>DO ?A>DO 8( ? = ' # # DI>JJ DO>DO DL>IJ DB>AO ??>JJ 0 * > ?A>DO

#0//&7*--&

&3/ 8":; <

) = ' # DD>AO DI>AO DO>AO DL>AO DF>AO DB>AO ?D>AO 0 * > ?I>AO ( ! >

= ' # 8 # # DD>JJ DI>JJ DO>JJ DL>JJ DB>JJ ?D>DO 0 * > ?I>DO

"10$"-:14& /08

&3/ 8":; "

I # "

I # D?>JJ DN>JJ ?J>JJ

: % . B # "

! O

.

S S B S 1O

0 B . /

# !

" & 1O / & 1 "

1O # &

: #

) *+,+- .. / 0 * 12 345 67* 894; .2 $<1= 616+4- >?

"

&

O

P) ± " P

& PB # P

. ,<

& & $

.

$ $ & $

& P8 8 P !

!

&

O

: 1 O PB # P

&

. O "0 O

6

- " '

/ ! 1 5 6 ' "6 & 0 $ # "66

66 " ' ( ( ( 8 ) 9 ;& " ( < - ! 0 = (4 - ( ' ( ( (

7 ! 6

+ (! ) % ( & ( > (( ' ? ! ; !

( 4 < (

)) ! &4 0 -

' @ $ - ! ( !

0 ( A ; 0 (< ! &)

BDD3 )

# $ + 7 % "}}{

( $ $$ ~ %

$ %

%

O

&

"

"

) + *1@7 A456C/ 0 D2 345 67* E++>? PB B P

& & & &

8

& $

&

' O

&

C &

B

1

& O

&

O

O D & O

) $ & B

&

S -

!

3 4 O

!

O

PB B P

&

O

"

) FF*5 A456C? $151G+C* C<1-G/ 0 *C6+-**52 345 67* E++>? .

&

& &

&

&

$

O !

/ &

7 7 !

% $ !

4 !

$ ! ( $ @ !

E ! E0 ;DBFA<

& 3

0 )4 G ; G ! 0 H < & )

6

#

&) # 0 ) G (

(

- 6 ) ! 6 4 ( ) ( IJ

-

( ! (

- 6 ) "66

)

IJ

- ) / 4 ( ) ( / (

0 ) 8 ( 4 IJ

- ! # 6

&) # 0 ) G (

8 8

O

O

O

O

P

O

P

O

O

P

P O O P P O

O P P O O P P O P O O P

P

O P O P P O P O O P P O

O

P O P O P O

%( 6 ( ' ! )) !

%( 6 ( ' ! )) !

; ! 2 0 2 ) < $ ( ; ! 2 ) 2 < ; ! 2 0 2 ) 2 -2 < $ ( ; ! 2 ) 2 < ; ! 2 0 2 ) 2 -2 < $ ( ; ! 2 ) 2 < ; ! 2 0 2 ) 2 -2 < $ ( ; ! 2 ) 2 < ; ! 2 0 2 ) 2 -2 < $ ( ; ! 2 0 < ; ! 2 0 2 ) 2 -2 < $ ( ; ! 2 -< %( 6

. 2 9 +* * /*0 . #

$

.

1 9 9 $ :

! = ; ;

: (

7 ; ' 72 <

' 9

; 9 ' 9

; 9 ' , ,

9 9 $

; 9

'# DD? $ DDJ DLD - DOO DON + DOF : B # ' DDF /# % AAA J FABJ : 3 < ' JID? AOO OOOO : 3 = # J?D? ?ODINJ?EIEA ?# < ' JID? AIB ?D?? ?# = # J?D? ?AA DNBIE?NDJ " % < ' JID? AOO IIAA " % = #

J?D? ?BI LOAJ L < ' JID? AOO ODJJ L = # J?D? IIA ND JJ $ % < ' JID? AOO AOAO $ % = # J?D? ?B? AFDJEDD M < ' JID? AIF ?DBO - < ' JID? A?L DADJ # < ' JID? ADB JAIDEII # = # J?D? ?N? BIDO "

< ' JID? AAN F?AL " = # J?D? ?AI IIJJ < ) < ' JID? A?N DJ?N < ) = # J?D? ?NI NJIF M < ' JID? AAN INJO

0 BA=A 0 DJJ=I

0 B?=D

! 0 DJD=D " # 0 BL=A $ %

0 DJI=D & '# 0 DJD=N & 0 DJD=N ( 0 DJO=B ( ) 0 DJI=J (#* ! 0 DJD=B + 0 DJD=J - # 0 DJD=J / ' 0 DJD=O

S17-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:25

Page 1

1 ! - 4 ! # !

- 4!

(C"."

'/.'

# , %

$

}} 0Â&#x2026;" 1 $

%

$

.

?

"

&

? "

O & .

%

"

& !

I &

/

F

&

#

. &

% &

1 8 ( P1

0

& -!."O B

&P %

1 ? &

0 O

B 0

!

I "

0

1 ! & -!."

/

1

&

F (

!

I "

1 ) & (

8 )

( &

%

I

"

'

# % # - 4 & " ! -

" B 2 - &

1 1 !

D &

.

$

"

&

PC

&P - P1

&

P D

"

?

&

.

F & % ' &

C

O

"

& !

I &

O

# -!."

P!

I

"

!

I

&P F

!

O

8

&

PC

O

1 O &P

? % '/

B

2 ( &

& /

&

P.

&P P.

1 B

P .

#

$ & ( . /

O

-!." ' /

O

# -!."

!

/

I

-

# -!."

-

# I O

: P/ -!."

P ?

1 &

/ &

P

P

#

CM Y K

) /

C

"

P1

&

& :

& O O &P %

/ !

I B & "

1

%

&

. # "

O A+&+++

) .

)

!

I &

&

.

P P

%

( ? "

& .

# )

P.

&P ? P.

&

O P " &

;5+

B "

%

!

% &

"

"

.

" )

% D &

1 1

B &

& P

.

.

P B

?

O

/

#

#

B' ," ( * (" "# !*

;

5WPFCTUCP 4CIJCXCP CPF 'TPGUVQ .QPFQPQ J ;1 K Q

!

1 $

&

B 1 $

&

1 $

1 &

) $

1 &

! & 0 & !

.

0 P

&P ) ! &

' &

. 0

.

*R

. & 1 $

&

P.

0

&P

0 ' &

1 $ - 8 % &

1 $ /

)

/ #

B

& 1 $O

&

/ 1 $&

"

/ 1 $ . O

1 $O

&

.

&

.

1 $O

&

*++R (

O

D & ? # ! &

&

D -

8 ! & &

- ? 1 $O

D

P /

1 $&P ) # ! ' & O P!

&

P . - ?

#

1 $ 1 (

& P! P & /

T 1 $ P'

&

1 $ 1

&P ' 1

& ! ? # P.

P (

1 $ 1 (

1 $ ! ? &

& #

( ) - )

P.

&P

! &

P. P 1 &

1 $ 1 (

&

! &

1 &

1 $O #

1 $

[

8 *++9 "* !

" ..

S18-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:33

Page 1

!"# $%'(')*+ ,' -,. ,/ *,2,/3

! " ! #

$ % & '

()*+ , # -. / $ % , / $0 # 1 2- % 2 2

2 $ 3 $ - "

,

2

2 $ 4 $ , ())5- 1 2$

! "

!(

! " ! !## !( " ?( *"# * " # (" ( ! * " # ! " ) " , * " * , " , ! ?( *"# " "V" ,

(C"."

$ , &

& ( , ( "V" , "3 !

?

- B # I

"

? & O

&

$

$

- & ?

O

&

&

B #

O

O

- 8#

O

& ! 1 2 2 &

) &

) &

0 I

' '

& !

F

O

% !

3%! 4

Z5

2 C

& 1 . ?

? & ! &

" ;*

'#1'$)

" )( 1 -

&) % ) !$ ) $ & )

'/.'

-

/ O

B # "

%

.

-B!O

& J ) %

/

7( % & 1 O

&> ! ) 0 I I

B

71 O 1

> . /

I *++5 !

&

7 O *++5 " &> /

- ) )

7 1

O

.

O

71 O 3 " 4 % 8 D B 1 O O

B

>

"

!

/ O

B # (

B & *++Z

8 - I O

! O

'

O

1 ! !

D !

O

!

-B! ! B

O %

'#1'$)*23-*

(C"."

= " )( # )!

J -

. " B # ? &

! *5 Z< .

*9 " &

&

. .

RZ "

&

"

.

.

I

& &

.

. $

: O .

S

4 - = ! !

6 X &

6 &

& 1

&

1 &

P? & Z++

&

.

&

5++ 1

&P

C

. O

" .

.

[ &

P"

"

&P

.

. O

P

&

" O $

&P X

I

P.

P

> % ) & & !# ! 0 - & > . . L N & E

.

J

8 & &

"

P

" .

CM Y K

S

1

&

$

'

P

& . L N : P

.

P

2 - ) 0 - % - !

1 O

" &

'

O / *, 3 *, 4 %

.

? *9 "

B # &

'

*++A

$

C & .

" .

. "

;9*<& ;9,Z ;95<& $

#

> QQ '

#) * _ } _}} |}}

$ } _ } }} $ $ } _" |}} $ $ } _` |}} 8

$ } _ { }} 8 $ } _ { | & }} $ $ `_`} }}

`_ | "}} $

|_|` }}

_}{ }}

_|} |}} $ _ | & }} $

$

= ;Q

= '

_ } _}} ) $ 88 8 }{_`} ) $ 88

" "_}} ) $ 88 ` _}} ) $ 88 | ?X ' + 7 % , _ } _`} % 8 % 0 | %1

}_} % 0 %1 8

|_}} % 8 % 0 | %1 _` 8 % 0 %1

$? =;= '

* % * _ } _}}

' + 7 % ~ , * _ % $ } _`}8} _`}

$ "_}}8 {}} % $ "_}}8 {_}}

$

?== $' %

7

% %

_ "_}} 8

88 , # + * |_| 8

88 , # + *

' + 7 % ~ +

, _ }|_}}8 !_ 8 % # +

' %

~ % * _ }{_}} $$ % 8| 88 " ` }{_}} ' % % 8 88 ` | }{_}} 6 % % 88 ` | > &

' + 7 % $ # # , _ } _}} % 88 , + }!_`} ` %88 , + }_`} ` % 888 , # |}} % 88 , # $?> ' ~ %8* % 2 _ } _ } % %

8 ` }_"} % %

8 | _}} % % $ 8` _`} )

8" _ } )

8` "_"} %

8" "_|} % 8"

'

#) * _ } _`} ( ` %

$

ZJ $ ' ' % 6 % ~ 3)

_ } _`} 3 % % 88

} _`}

% 88

% 88

& = ' % ' $

* * _ } _}}

$ } _`}

8

}{_`}

} _`}

) $ "_}}

$ `_ }

(

`_|}

$

= ? ; ' *

% 2 +

, _ }|_}}8 {_}}

8 #8 Q

? ' + 7 % $ % , _ } _}} $

} _}} %

} _}} % $ `_`}

$ `_`} % 8

`_`} % $

?= ;' + 7 % ~ , '

_ }`_`}8 _}} 8 # + > $ 2? ?' % %

$

~ * _ }|_`}8 } _}} 88 , # +

' ~ * , _ }|_}}8 _| # + ? ; ' + 7 % $ % , *

, _ } _}}8 !_}}

8 # + [J ?' + 7 %

% , _ }!}}8 _`} " % 8

% }!_}}8 _`} % 8

% `_}}8 |_`} " % $ $ % # +_ `_}}8 |_`} " % $ $ # + `_}}8 |`} % $ $ % # + `_}}8 |_`} % $ $ # + `_}}8 |_`} " % (

# + `_}}8 |_`} % (

# + `_}}8 |`} " % %

`_}}8 |_`} % %

$= $;' + 7 % ~ , # _ } _}} 88

, # + } _ } ) 8

_}} $

_ (

"_" %

??

' + 7 % % % _ }|_}} } ) $ }|_}}

) $ }!_}} }

$ }_}} $

? % #

=? $ ?

$ \

2?$

S19-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:29

Page 1

SPORTS

SUNDAY’S ZAMAN 19

PHOTO

AP

S U N D AY, A U G U S T 1 0 , 2 0 0 8

Turkish, Spanish leagues trade and trade alike AHMET UYKAN ÝSTANBUL

In recent years clubs in the Turkish Super League have become more and more interested in the Spanish Primera League, which boasts some of the best soccer players in the world.

The so-called Big Three -- Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and Beþiktaþ -- in particular are offloading players to the Spanish Primera Liga and acquiring stars from there. The Primera Liga trend, which started in the late 1990s with Galatasaray’s acquisition of Romanian playmaker Gheorghe Hagi and defender Gheorghe Popescu from Barcelona, gained momentum with Beþiktaþ hiring former Real Madrid Welsh coach John Benjamin Toschack from Deportivo.

Turkish clubs, whose transfer policies were based on Balkan countries in the past, changed direction from the early 2000s onward. The clubs which grew wealthier and attracted the support of sponsors now mostly prefer star players.

The Galatasaray Lions made their first big transfer, which attracted a great deal of attention, in 1996. The Lions acquired Gheorghe Hagi, the “Maradona of Karpats,” who was playing for Barcelona, one of the richest and most popular clubs in the world. Next was Hagi’s compatriot, Gheorghe Popescu, who was serving as captain at Barca, to join Galatasaray. The Primera Liga wind blew stronger when the Beþiktaþ Black Eagles hired Deportivo’s Toschack as their new coach.

Thereafter, the wind began blowing in the opposite direction, as players from the Turkish league were being acquired by Spanish clubs. First BosnianTurkish striker Elvir Balic moved from Fenerbahçe to Real Madrid; later Gençlerbirliði’s Cameroon winger

Wayne Rooney

Man United without Ronaldo and Rooney at Wembley today Manchester United will be without Cristiano Ronaldo and Wayne Rooney in today’s Community Shield against Portsmouth at Wembley, the traditional curtain-raiser to the new season.

Ronaldo, who scored 42 goals last season and finally committed himself to United on Wednesday after flirting with a move to Real Madrid, is set to miss the first two months of the campaign due to ankle surgery.

Fellow striker Rooney and midfielder Michael Carrick are also out after picking up a virus when the Premier League champions and the FA Cup winners met in a pre-season friendly in Nigeria on July 27.

With Rooney and Ronaldo sidelined and Louis Saha short of match fitness pending a possible transfer, Carlos Tevez, who scored United’s winner in their 2-1 victory over Portsmouth in Nigeria, is likely to lead the attack. Manager Alex Ferguson told the club’s website (www.manutd.com) he was worried about the lack of strikers. “It is a concern,” he said. “Wayne will probably miss the start of the season and Louis Saha’s future is undecided at the moment and it’s left us a little short up front.”

Record signing

ENJOY TODAY’S ZAMAN AT THESE TOP HOTELS

Portsmouth are likely to start with Peter Crouch, their 11 million pounds ($21.47 million) record signing from Liverpool, partnering England colleague Jermain Defoe in attack.

Crouch has good memories of the Community Shield, scoring the winner when Liverpool beat Chelsea 2-1 two years ago.

“It was a very competitive game against Chelsea.

We played really well that day,” he told Portsmouth’s website (www.portsmouthfc.co.uk).

United and Portsmouth will meet again early in the league season, at Fratton Park on Aug. 25.

By then United will have had plenty of opportunity to avenge their 1-0 home defeat by Portsmouth in the FA Cup quarter-finals in March, one of only three competitive defeats they have suffered in 2008.

While that reverse ended United’s hopes of repeating their Premier League, Champions League and FA Cup treble of 1999, they did go on to complete a Premier League and Champions League double.

Portsmouth won the FA Cup for the first time since 1939 by beating Cardiff City 1-0 in the Wembley final. While United will feature in the Community Shield, formerly the Charity Shield, for the 13th time in 19 seasons Portsmouth are making their first appearance since 1949. Mark Clattenburg had been due to referee today’s game but the FA replaced him with Peter Walton on Thursday after deciding to investigate allegations the 33-year-old FIFA-listed official had incurred business debts. London Reuters

ADAKULE HOTEL

Phone: +90 256 618 11 43 Kuþadasý / Aydýn www.adakule.com

GÜNEÞ HOTEL

Phone: +90 212 483 30 30 Merter / Ýstanbul www.guneshotel.com.tr

RAMADA PLAZA ÝSTANBUL

Phone: +90 212 315 44 44 www.ramadaplazaistanbul.com

Players from Primera Liga to Turkcell Super League Hagi . . . . . . . .(Barcelona) . . .96-01 . . . . .G.Saray Popescu . . .(Barcelona) . .97-01 . . . .G.Saray Revivo . . . . .(Celta Vigo) . .00-02 . . . .F.Bahçe De Boer . . . .(Barcelona) . .03-04 . . . .G.Saray Conceicao . .(R.Madrid) . . .04-05 . . . .G.Saray Juanfran . . .(Celta Vigo) . .04-05 . . .Beþiktaþ R.Carlos . . .(R.Madrid) . . .2007 . . . .F.Bahçe Kezman . . . .(A.Madrid) . . .2006 . . . .F.Bahçe Güiza . . . . . .(Mallorca) . . .2008 . . . .F.Bahçe De Sanctis . .(Sevilla) . . . . .2008 . . . . .G.Saray Coaches Del Bosque . . .(R.Madrid) . .04-05 . . .Beþiktaþ Aragones . . . .(Ýspanya) . . .2008 . . . .F.Bahçe

Players from Super League to Primera Liga Adrian Ýlie . . . . . .(G.Saray) . . .98-02 . . . . . . . . . . .Valencia Filipescu . . . . . . .(G.Saray) . . .99-03 . . . . . . . . . .Real Betis Elvir Baliç . . . . . .(F.Bahçe) . .99-00 . . . . . . . .Real Madrid 01-02 . . . . . . . . .R.Vallecano Geremi Njitap . .(G.Birliði) . . .99-03 . . . . . . . .Real Madrid Nihat Kahveci . .(Beþiktaþ) . .00-06 . . . . . . . . .R.Sociedad 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . .Villarreal Arif Erdem . . . . .(G.Saray) . . .00-01 . . . . . . . . .R.Sociedad Tayfun Korkut . .(F.Bahçe) . .00-03 . . . . . . . . .R.Sociedad 03-04 . . . . . . . . . . .Espanyol Oktay . . . . . . . . . .(G.Antep) . . .00-01 . . . . . . . .Las Palmas Elvir Boliç . . . . . .(F.Bahçe) . .01-03 . . . . . . . .R.Vallecano Fatih Akyel . . . . .(G.Saray) . . .01-02 . . . . . . . . . . .Mallorca Rüþtü Reçber . .(F.Bahçe) . .03-04 . . . . . . . . . .Barcelona Ersen Martin . . .(Trabzon) . .2007 . . . . . . . . . . . .R.Huelva Ýbrahim Kaþ . . . .(Beþiktaþ) . .2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Getafe Aurelio . . . . . . . .(F.Bahçe) . .2008 . . . . . . . . . . .Real Betis Coach Toshack . . . . .(Beþiktaþ) 99-00 . . . .Real Madrid

Geremi Njitab joined Balic at Real, and young talent Beþiktaþ forward Nihat Kahveci moved from Beþiktaþ to Real Sociedad.

Spaniards love Nihat Even though the Turks were disheartened by the unfortunate injury of Balic, Nihat’s accomplishments made Turkey proud. In this way, transfer relations between the Super League and La Liga improved. Players who took Nihat as a model chose Spain as the new destination to continue

their careers. Players like Tayfun Korkut, Arif Erden, Fatih Akyel, Elvir Bolic and Oktay Derelioðlu took their chances at La Liga. The most popular transfer to Spain, undoubtedly, was in 2003. Renowned Turkey and Fenerbahçe keeper Rüþtü Reçber turned “matador” and joined Barcelona. However, just like many of his colleagues, Rüþtü also was a failure story and returned home to Turkey after a short sojourn.

In the 2004-2005 season the Beþiktaþ Black Eagles acquired Real Madrid’s famous coach Vincente del Bosque and midfielder Juan Fran from Celta Vigo -- at Del Bosque’s request.

Even though Beþiktaþ’s Spanish venture ended unpleasantly – Fran Juan was given his marching orders and del Bosque took the Eagles to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), with the case being won by del Bosque. Yet Turkish clubs have not given up on their Primera Liga adventure in the last three years.

The Fenerbahçe Yellow Canaries acquired Serb striker Mateja Kezman from Atletico Madrid and legendary Brazilian defender Roberto Carlos from Real Madrid. The Canaries’ interest in the Primera Liga reached its peak this year. Fenerbahçe hired coach Luis Aragones, who led Spain to the Euro 2008 triumph in June, and also purchased Daniel Guiza, the Primera Liga goal king, from Mallorca.

The Canaries, who could not stop Brazilian-Turkish midfielder Mehmet Aurelio from moving to Real Betis, plan to fill this void by acquiring a player from the Primera Liga. In other transfer action Turkish champion Galatasaray has snapped up Italian goalkeeper Morgan De Sanctis on a season-long loan from Sevilla, while Beþiktaþ has sent young defender Ýbrahim Kaþ to Spanish side Getafe.

With Nihat gaining EU-player status, the road to the Primera Liga seems wide open for prospective Turkish players.

ALTIN YUNUS HOTEL ÇEÞME

Phone: 444 35 00 Çeþme / Ýzmir www.altinyunus.com.tr

HYATT REGENCY ÝSTANBUL

Phone: +90 212 368 12 34 istanbul.regency.hyatt.com

RIXOS BELDÝBÝ

Phone: +90 242 824 97 00 Beldibi / Kemer / Antalya www.rixos.com

BLACK BIRD HOTEL

Phone: +90 212 511 74 54 Þehzadebaþý / Ýstanbul www.blackbirdhotel.com

HOTEL KARBEL

Phone: +90 252 617 00 13 Ölüdeniz / Fethiye www.karbelhotel.com

RIXOS BODRUM

Phone: +90 252 337 11 22 Bodrum / Muðla www.rixos.com

CHARISMA DE LUXE HOTEL

EPHESIA HOLIDAY BEACH CLUB

Phone: +90 256 618 32 66 Kuþadasý / Aydýn www.charismahotel.com

Phone: 0 256 622 11 80 Kuþadasý / Aydýn www.ephesia.com

L'ETOILE BEACH HOTEL

KORUMAR HOTEL DE LUXE

Phone: +90 252 455 35 70 Ýçmeler / Marmaris www.letoilehotel.com

Phone: 0 256 618 15 30 Kuþadasý / Aydýn www.korumar.com.tr

RIXOS KONYA

RIXOS PREMIUM BELEK

Phone: +90 332 221 50 00 Ýstanbul Yolu Selçuklu / Konya www.rixos.com

CM Y K

Phone: +90 242 710 20 00 Belek / Serik / Antalya www.rixos.com

HOTEL SEA GULL

Phone: +90 242 824 85 95 Kemer / Antalya www.seagullhotel.com

LUSH HOTEL

Phone: +90 212 243 95 95 Taksim / Ýstanbul www.lushhotel.com

RIXOS TEKÝROVA

Phone: +90 242 821 40 32 Kemer / Antalya www.rixos.com

PHOTOS

M.BURAK BÜRKÜK, AP, REUTERS

Two coaches have come from the Spanish Primera Liga to the Turkcell Super League -Clemente del Bosque (2nd left) from Real Madrid to Beþiktaþ and Luis Aragones (3rd left ) from the Spanish national team to Fenerbahçe. John Benjamin Toshack (1st left) joined Beþiktaþ from Deportivo and later moved to Real Madrid from Beþiktaþ.

The photo on the right shows striker Nihat Kahveci, (1st right) who left Beþiktaþ for Real Sociedad and later joined Villarreal, midfielder Mehmet Aurelio (2nd right), who joined Real Betis from Fenerbahçe, and striker Daniel Guiza (3rd right), who joined Fenerbahçe from Mallorca.

GOLDCITY TOURISM COMPLEX

Phone: +90 242 510 02 00 Kargýcak / Alanya www.goldcity.com.tr

HOTEL MAR-BAS

Phone: +90 252 455 30 59 Ýçmeler / Marmaris www.marbashotel.com

HOTEL SEYHAN

Phone: +90 322 455 30 30 Seyhan / Adana www.otelseyhan.com.tr

GOLDEN HILL HOTEL

Phone: +90 212 523 54 54 Ýstanbul www.goldenhill.com.tr

PIRIL HOTEL ÇEÞME

"Smiling Face of Çeþme" 444 0 232 www.pirilhotel.com

SHERATON HOTEL ANKARA

Phone: +90 312 457 60 00 www.sheraton.com/ankara

S20-10-08-08.qxd

09.08.2008

01:30

Page 1

Philip Seymour Hoffman to direct West End Producers say Academy Award-winning actor Philip Seymour Hoffman will direct a play in London's West End later this year.

"Riflemind" tells the story of a rock band getting back together 20 years after its members split up. London, AP WWW.SUNDAYSZAMAN.COM SUNDAY, AUGUST 10, 2008

How do you motivate them then? That is what the rest of the book is about. Goslin suggests, among other things, well-planned teaching, more optimism about each child's chance to learn, closer teacher-student relationships, smaller schools and grading by mastery, not the curve -- meaning you tell the students what they must learn, check off each concept or skill as they master it, and don't fret if some students take longer than others.

2. Stop telling them they're smart. "While there is much talk in American society about the importance of hard work and its relationship to success in life," Goslin writes, "most Americans act as though innate abilities are the primary determinants of their most important accomplishments." Obvious signs of this culture tendency include gifted-andtalented programs and college admissions based on the SAT. Goslin favors the contrasting Asian philosophy that effort, not brains, brings success. He also wants teachers to make clear to each student what has to be learned, and express confidence each can learn it.

3. Make sure the homework isn't stupid.

Goslin calls this problem "inefficiencies in the learning processes." He says, "There is a great deal of evidence that an enormous amount of effort on the part of children, not to mention their parents and teachers, is wasted." We all have favorite examples, like the log cabin we made out of Tootsie Rolls for history class, or those names

PHOTO

One of the best books I have read on motivation in education is "Engaging Minds: Motivation and Learning in America's Schools," by David A. Goslin.

Though it was published in 2003, good advice never goes stale. Goslin's thoughts, still fresh and relevant, can be summarized as five ways to motivate students, a topic of central importance in the national effort to improve our schools.

1. Only work on those who need it. Goslin, past president and chief executive of the American Institutes for Research and former executive director of the National Research Council's Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, has a lesson for me and other report-card advocates. Grades, he says, are often not as motivating as we would like them to be. They lose their power for most students because "only so many A's and B's are awarded in each class, irrespective of the performance of the rest of the students in the class. Underlying this practice is the philosophy that if all of the children received high marks, grades would lose their value to motivate student performance. The result, therefore, is that many students are not motivated to work hard because they know that they have little chance of beating out the best students for a good grade."

REUTERS

Engagýng mýnds: Fýve ways to motývate students JAY MATTHEWS WASHINGTON

of obscure points of grammar we never quite memorized and later realized even professional writers don't need to know, or the copying of long passages that would have been better remembered if our teacher had encouraged discussion of their relevance to our world. Goslin says learning would benefit if we dispensed with the notion that every teacher, school or district

CM Y K

should pick the textbooks and teaching methods they like best. He prefers a national curriculum and nationally certified teaching methods based on research on what works, and what doesn't. I sense he would also support letting teachers with good track records do what they want.

4. Show some respect for learning. We Americans, despite our bookish founding

fathers, have always had an anti-intellectual streak. Watch any teen drama on television to see how the best students are portrayed. One of our great economic strengths is our willingness to forgive bad grades in school if you show up to work on time and apply yourself to your job. If you come up with some great new ideas, all the better, no matter what your grade-point average was. Bill Gates, the richest man in the world, is a college dropout.

Goslin understands our attitude, but pleads for some adjustment. Maybe we should point out to our children that although Gates doesn't have a college degree, he sometimes goes off for days at a time just to read books and think.

5. Involve the kid's family. "The school is only one of the two principal socializing institutions in society, the other being the family," Goslin says. He wants more support at home for learning. My only complaint is that he gets the sequence wrong. He leaves the impression that the schools need involved parents to improve, when in many instances skeptical and distracted parents only become engaged in their children's studies when they encounter great educators who are raising achievement and asking parents to back them up. Motivation comes from many places, but if teachers don't know how to produce it, none of the rest of us are going to have a chance of having any impact on our favorite reluctant scholars. © The Washington Post, 2008