H mag by The H magazine

May 10, 2012

photos by

Joey Shaw

Sarah

Hyland

RIGHT NOW H magazine - H7 Media Group - Year V - Issue 56 - ISSN 1828-6437

Publication Director Mark Jennings

May 10, 2012 - Year V - Issue n.56

Editor in Chief Danielle Collins Art Director Davide Leali Executive Editor Monica Censi Fashion Director Arianna Cerri Managing Editor Michele Soldano Senior Features Editor Jennifer Leviance Graphics Angelo Cristaldi Maria Pozzi Executive Contributors New York Maureen Logbrad Paris Ophelie Henry London Antoine Muller Los Angeles Joshua Osvaldt Advertising Matteo Bergamini

ISSN 1828-6437

Public Relations Elisa Marchionni

We did it Again wonderful dream always starts from somewhere. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been planning this new edition of H mag for months. We know, we still have a lot to do and a lot to better grow up; but with the first and the second issue we had over 200,000 readers on our website and we had a lot even on the Issuu servers. At the same time, over 160,000 copies have

been downloaded from our servers and issuu. What to day? thank you is not enough. I only know that we must keep on doing what we are doing. It will takes time to turn this mag in a great magazine but at least we know that we are on the right way. Meanwhile, this week, we celebrate with our cover the stunnig Sarah Hyland, photographed by Joey Shaw. A great interview follows inside the mag with a fantastic photoshoot. Also, we start with this issue to keep a special eye on the World News and a special attention to whatever it comes to be Real Life. One more time, I hope you enjoy it. - Danielle Collins - Editor in Chief

Published by H7 Group and H7 Magazine www.h7magazine.com Rome Via A. Salandra 18 Roma 00187 Italia info@thehmag.com London Portland House Bressenden Place London SW1E 5RS United Kingdom Warning: all images and texts are copyright protected. Every reproduction is not permitted without our permission.

Sarah Hyland photographed by Joey Shaw

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10 - NEWS Every Week is a New World 14 - PORTRAIT Sarah Hyland 26 - ALSO Francois Hollande 30 - MUSIC Reviews 34 - PULSE Get Perfect Abs 38 - COOL STUFF For a Better Life

42 - REPORTAGE Inca Empire 52 - DESKTOP Internet Marketing 54 - MORE Kentucky Derby

62 - TRENDS Get Your Gf Back 66 - REAL LIFE I’ve Won the Lottery Again 70 - DRINKS & FOODS Chocolate Ice Cream

62 78

72 - TIPS How to Audition 78 - PETS The Best Pet Carrier 80 - BOOKS Vegan Cooking

ONTENT

NEWS

Written by Donald Fraiser

What’s Up? “For five decades, Paul Simon has built bridges not only over troubled waters but over entire oceans by (re)joining the world’s continents with his music. Paul Simon has compiled a library of songs which will remain open to future generations.”

aul Simon and Yo-Yo Ma are awarded Polar Music Prize

The pair will each receive a one million kronor (£91,000) prize Continue reading the main story Related Stories Patti Smith accepts Polar prize Bjork wins Polar music accolade US singer Paul Simon and cellist Yo-Yo Ma are to be the recipients of this year’s Polar Music Prize. The award, which is Sweden’s highest music honour, is presented annually to both a pop act and classical performer. It is given in recognition of “exceptional achievements in the creation and advancement of music”. The pair will collect their one million kronor (£91,000) prize from King Carl XVI Gustaf at a Stockholm ceremony on 28 August. The Royal Swedish Academy of Music praised Simon for his “consummate skill, innovative arrangements and provocative lyrics”. “Nobody else is more deserving of the epithet of ‘world-class songwriter’,” it said.

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The academy also lauded Ma as “the leading cellist of our time” who had “united people from every continent”. “Yo-Yo Ma has dedicated his virtuosity and his heart to journeys of musical exploration and discovery around the world,” it said. “[He] is living proof that music is communication, passion and the ability to share experience.” The prize was founded by Stig Anderson, the manager of Swedish pop group ABBA, in 1989. Previous recipients include Sir Elton John, Sir Paul McCartney, Ravi Shankar, Bob Dylan and Ennio Morricone. Last year’s winners were Patti Smith and US string group Kronos Quartet. t doesn't mean

the two superhero franchises Composer Mort Lindsey dies at the age of 89

Mort Lindsey worked with Judy Garland (l), Barbra Streisand (r) and many other musical notables Continue reading the main story Related Stories

French honour for Liza Minnelli Hathaway’s ‘sensitive’ Garland Mort Lindsey, the orchestra leader and composer celebrated in the US for his work with Judy Garland and Barbra Streisand, has died at the age of 89. The noted arranger died at his home in Malibu, California on Friday following a long period of ill-health. Lindsey was musical director for Garland’s performances at New York’s Carnegie Hall that led to the Grammy-winning album Judy At Carnegie Hall. An Emmy followed for Streisand’s TV concert A Happening In Central Park. Judy At Carnegie Hall, a live recording of the Wizard of Oz star’s concert on 23 April 1961, spent 12 weeks at the top of the Billboard chart and went on to win four Grammy awards. Lindsey went on to work with Liza Minnelli, Garland’s daughter, on her televised Liza With A Z concert. The New Jersey native spent 25 years as musical director for The Merv Griffin Show, earning two Emmy nominations in the process. As a composer, his credits include Garland’s 1963 film I Could Go on Singing and Albert Brooks’ 1979 comedy Real Life.

Carles Puyol set to miss Euro 2012 with knee injury Barcelona’s Spanish international defender Carles Puyol could be ruled out of Euro 2012 after being told he requires an operation. The 34-year-old captain was sidelined for three months earlier this year with knee trouble and Barca confirmed he is now expected to be out for six weeks. “After tests were conducted it was decided he would have arthroscopic surgery on 12 May,” the club said.

Vicente Del Bosque, who coaches reigning European

champions Spain, will announce a provisional squad on 15 May, which will be whittled down to a final squad on 27 May. Puyol experienced discomfort in his knee during Saturday’s La Liga home victory over Espanyol. He will miss Barca’s final game of the La Liga season at Real Betis and Pep Guardiola’s last game as coach, the Copa del Rey final on 25 May against Athletic Bilbao.

The powerful defender has been a reliable presence in the Spanish back line for more than a decade and has made 99 appearances for the world and European champions, scoring the winning goal in Spain’s 1-0 semi-final victory against Germany at the 2010 World H mag | 11

NEWS Google gets Nevada driving licence for self-drive car

Google

has been experimenting with driverless Toyota Prius cars in the US Continue reading the main story Related Stories Google patents self-driving car Google tests ‘intelligent’ cars Call for vehicle safety sensors Driverless cars will soon be a reality on the roads of Nevada after the state approved America’s first self-driven vehicle licence. The first to hit the highway will be a Toyota Prius modified by search firm Google, which is leading the way in driverless car technology. Its first drive included a spin down Las Vegas’s famous strip. Other car companies are also seeking self-driven car licences in Nevada. Accident The car uses video cameras mounted on the roof, radar sensors and a laser range finder to “see” other traffic. Engineers at Google have previously tested the car on the streets of California, including crossing San Francisco’s Golden Gate bridge. For those tests, the car remained manned at all times by a trained driver ready to take control if the software failed.

12 | H mag

According to software engineer Sebastian Thrun, the car has covered 140,000 miles with no accidents, other than a bump at traffic lights from a car behind.

Human error Bruce Breslow, director of Nevada’s Department of Motor Vehicles, says he believes driverless vehicles are the “cars of the future”. Nevada changed its laws to allow self-driven cars in March. The long-term plan is to license members of the public to drive such cars. Google’s car has been issued with a red licence plate to make it recognisable. The plate features an infinity sign next to the number 001. Other states, including California, are planning similar changes.

“The vast majority of vehicle accidents are due to human error,” said California state Senator Alex Padilla, when he introduced the legislation. “Through the use of computers, sensors and other systems, an autonomous vehicle is capable of analysing the driving environment more quickly and operating the vehicle more safely.”

H Written by Martha Timoni

PORTRAIT

I’m a sweatpants girl. I’d rather stay home and have a movie/game night with friends than putting on a dress with heels and heading out to a club. ”

“

Sarah Hyland

photographed by

Joey Shaw Los Angeles, California Make up and Hair Style Allan Avendano Opus Beauty Sarah Hyland is wearing Mauro Grifoni Alberto Guardiani Meltin’ Pot 14 | H mag

H mag | 15

PORTRAIT

Who is Sarah Hyland in her private life? What kind of girl?

I’m a sweatpants girl. I’d rather stay home and have a movie/game night with friends than putting on a dress with heels and heading out to a club.

How do you get prepared for a role?

It depends on the role. And to be honest I don’t really prepare that much for Haley. Now say I was playing Katherine Hepburn? Well 1.) I’d die but 2.) Id go crazy in the preparation for that.

What kind of music do you like the most? Do you have a “fav” playlist?

My boyfriend, Matt Prokop, creates the most amazing playlists. So we usually put his iPod on. But it consists of music ranging from gotye and the Roy English to b.o.b. and lil Wayne. What’s in your handbag today?

Chapstick, hand sanitizer, a pen, my phone/wallet, keys and my sunglasses

How do you like fashion?

I have an understanding and appreciation for fashion. I love it. Do I dress up and create an outfit every day? No. I’m too lazy.

What kind of clothes are considered your fav ones? Anything loose, baggy or flowy.

When you are not working, what do you really love to do?

Anything from going to the renaissance festival to Disneyland. I'm always up for an adventure. What’s the last book you read?

Hahaha probably the last Harry potter. It’s been a while.

What’s the biggest difference between Sarah and Haley, the character that you play in Modern Family? Well I graduated high school with a 3.9 gpa and Haley... Well she’s not the brightest.

What kind of make up you wear when you are off?

I don’t really wear makeup. But when I go out to dinner or the movies I wear tinted moisturizer, blush and mascara. Maybe some eyeliner on top. 16 | H mag

H mag | 17

PORTRAIT

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H mag | 19

PORTRAIT

Do you like to travel? If yes, what’s your fav destination in your wishing list? I would love to go to Europe. London, Paris, Rome. Anywhere over there.

How do you like to interact with your fans? Facebook or Twitter?

Whosay! It connects both from one site haha What do you consider charming in a man?

Generosity.

What turns you off in a person? If you’re overly confident.

Your Fav movie ever? Shakespeare in love

Do you like to cook? And what kind of food do you prefer?

I would LOVE to cook. Am I good at it? Uh no. But I baked a pineapple angel food cake the other day and it was amazing!!! Your best time ever in this life is…..? Right now.

After we’ve seen the pictures you took with Joey Shaw we strongly believe that you look like a Diva. When a girl that is wearing jeans and boots can be that beautiful, she must have something not very common. But acting and posing are not the same thing at all, so, where did you learn to pose? It looks that you love to be in front of a camera.

I hate the word diva, It drives me crazy; That and celebrity.

Well thank you! But you couldn’t be more wrong.

I Spent my adolescence watching americas next top model, so I learned how to “model” from that show. They always talked about different poses and keeping it moving, being different and that it was all about angles. As for the face your eyes have to be alive. I try my hardest whenever I have a photoshoot to do that. I’m my biggest critic. I usually hate every picture taken of me cuz I always see the flaw and what I should’ve done differently. 20 | H mag

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PORTRAIT

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H Written by Jason Wirell

ALSO

Francois

E D N A L L HO rench President-elect Francois Hollande is to start work on forming a new government, after telling supporters his victory gave hope of an end to austerity.

Mr Hollande has vowed to rework a deal on government debt in eurozone member-countries to focus on promoting growth.

“The core of the discussion is really all about... whether we are going to have again programmes for growth which are on the back of debt or indeed whether we are going to have programmes for growth that are sustainable and indeed rely on the competitiveness of the countries,” she told a news conference in Berlin. UK Prime Minister David Cameron also called Mr Hollande to congratulate him.

which will take over after the handover of presidential power next week. Favourite for the post of prime minister is Jean-Marc Ayrault, a veteran socialist parliamentarian and mayor of the city of Nantes, who is also a German speaker and could help build up relations with Chancellor Angela Merkel in Berlin. The new government’s pri-

Mr Hollande feeds a renew-

ed sense of hope in the country - particularly among the young - that amid the austerity, there can be jobs and salaries, our correspondent adds. Mr Hollande offers a fresh start - but the debt problems for France are still the same. Jubilant Hollande supporters gathered at the Place de

“You are a movement that is rising up throughout Europe,” he said. ‘Respect’ Mr Hollande capitalised on France’s economic woes and President Sarkozy’s unpopularity. The Socialist candidate has promised to raise taxes on big corporations and people earning more than 1m euros a year. He wants to raise the minimum wage, hire 60,000 more teachers and lower the retirement age from 62 to 60 for some workers. In his concession speech, Mr Sarkozy told supporters: “Francois Hollande is the president of France and he must be respected.”

I am the president of the youth of France The Socialist leader won just under 52% of votes in Sunday’s run-off election. Centre-right incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy is the first French president since 1981 not to win a second term. He will hand power to Mr Hollande on 15 May, following talks between the two camps, the presidency has said. Invitation to Berlin Mr Hollande must act quickly to reassure other eurozone countries he is up to the considerable challenge he faces, the BBC’s Christian Fraser reports from Paris.

euphoria

After the of election night, it was back down to earth on Monday morning as Mr Hollande moved quickly on, to the business of preparing to govern. Over the next few days, he will be drawing up the list of names for his first government, 26 | H mag

mary task will be to prepare for more elections, this time for the parliament or national assembly, which will take place at the start of June. These are crucial because Mr Hollande needs a parliamentary majority in order to see through his programme. At the moment, the assembly is dominated by supporters of Mr Sarkozy. Parliamentary elections like these that immediately follow presidential elections tend to deliver the head of state the majority he requires, but it is not a foregone conclusion; the next few weeks in France will see yet more passionate political campaigning. The Socialist has called for a renegotiation of a hardwon European treaty on budget discipline championed by German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Mr Sarkozy. Mrs Merkel congratulated the president-elect by phone and invited him to Berlin to hold talks soon, but she warned the fiscal compact was “not up for grabs”.

la Bastille in Paris - a traditional rallying point of the Left - to celebrate.

The outgoing president said he was “taking responsibility for defeat”.

Mr Hollande - the first Socialist to win the French presidency since Francois Mitterrand in the 1980s earlier gave his victory speech in his stronghold of Tulle in central France.

Continue reading the main story

FINAL RESULTS SOURCE: INTERIOR MINISTRY Share He said he would push ahead with his pledge to refo- Vote F. Hollande cus EU fiscal efforts from austerity to “growth”. 51.62% 18,000,438 N. Sarkozy Nicolas Sarkozy says Francois Hollande must be re48.38% spected as the new president “Europe is watching us, austerity can no longer be the 16,869,371 Turnout only option,” he said. 80,34% After his speech in Tulle, Mr Hollande headed to Brive airport to fly to Paris to address supporters at the Hinting about his future, he said: “My place will no Place de la Bastille. longer be the same. My involvement in the life of my country will now be different.” “I am the president of the youth of France,” he told the assembled crowd of tens of thousands of suppor- During the campaign, he had said he would leave poters. litics if he lost the election. H mag | 27

ALSO

Vladimir Putin has been inaugurated as president of Russia in a lavish ceremony in the capital, Moscow.

It looks set for another dozen years of authoritarianism, cronyism, systematic corruption, and dangerous political drift at a time of mounting problems for Russia. The demonstrations don’t yet represent a serious challenge to Putin’s political authority, let alone a revolutionary situation. The opposition is neither large nor organised enough to force real change. But there is a widespread feeling that things cannot go on as they were.

Mr Putin is returning to the presidency after an absence of four years in which he served as prime minister. The outgoing President, Dmitry Medvedev, was widely seen as an ally of Mr Putin. He won a third term as president in controversial elections in March. On Sunday, thousands of protesters opposed to the inauguration clashed with police in Moscow. Mr Putin took the presidential oath at the Grand Kremlin Palace, in a hall that was once the throne room of the Russian tsars. In a short speech he said Russia was “entering a new phase of national development”. “We will have to decide tasks of a new level, a new quality and scale. The coming years will be decisive for Russia’s fate for decades to come.” He said Mr Medvedev had given a new impulse to modernisation, and the “transformation” of Russia must continue. He also spoke of the need to strengthen Russian democracy and constitutional rights. Orlando Figes Professor of History, Birkbeck, University of London Vladimir Putin’s return is a non-event in the sense that he never went away. Russia has been ruled by Putinism for the past 12 years. 28 | H mag

It is especially strong among the professional classes. This is an important psychological turning-point, which could lead to a revolutionary situation if the system fails to introduce reforms. The new Putin government will continue to be jittery about possible “Orange Revolution” scenarios. Analysis was provided for bbcrussian.com

“I consider it to be the meaning of my whole life and my obligation to serve my fatherland and our people,” Mr Putin said. “We will achieve our goals if we are a single, united people - if we hold our fatherland dear, strengthen Russian democracy, constitutional rights and freedoms.” The Kremlin audience included former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, the widow of Russia’s first president, Naina Yeltsin, and the four losing presidential candidates. If he completes his six-year term, Mr Putin will be the longest serving Russian leader since Soviet supreme ruler Joseph Stalin, says the BBC’s Steve Rosenberg in Moscow. However, Mr Putin faces many problems; the political system he created has been showing cracks, economic growth is forecast to slow, and violence in the

MUSIC

Written by Robert Fueller

DR DEE

Reborn

t’s rare that album research entails digging into the life and times of a 16th-century Elizabethan, but such are the life and times of one Damon Albarn. Second-guessing this man is pointless, given his jumping from cartoon funksters (Gorillaz) to African fusion (Mali Music), and from ransacking dub/jazz/rock/soul infections (The Good, the Bad and the Queen, Rocket Juice & the Moon) to stage adaptations of 16th-century Chinese novels (Monkey: Journey to the West).

The Blur singer's muse resembles an uncontrollable minx, following any interesting scent, never mind the logistics and latitude. A concept album about (says Wikipedia) “an English mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, occultist, navigator, imperialist and consultant to Queen Elizabeth I... devoted to studying alchemy, divination and Hermetic philosophy”? Sure. It beats sparring with Suede or Oasis, or another day with the Pro-Tools manual.

Albarn describes the record as ™strange pastoral folk∫ and Blur ballad lovers will thrill to several resembling the likes of l3's No Distance Left to Run, such as Apple Carts, The Marvelous Dream and Saturn (the last recalling, of all Brit-mavericks, Peter Hammill). However, Temptation Comes in the Afternoon is closer to Klaus Nomi’s madcap opera and, some unkind souls might suggest, The Black Adder (perhaps this should have been released on Ruff Trade). Of the more obvious genre-straddling tracks (there are 18 in all, since this is the soundtrack to a stage play), Oh Spirit Animate Us straddles pastoral folk and early choral, The Golden Dawn is cinematic like Peter Greenaway, Coronation mixes early choral with samples and Preparation’s thrumming drum pattern is more Mali than Hampton Court.

Albarn has done his research but this is no dry slice of worthy academia; the way the spirit of each style interlocks is brilliant, and he continues to pull John Dee liked to take risks too – the good doctor memorable melodies out of his straddled the worlds of science and magic just as they (Elizabethan) hat. How Albarn has were becoming distinguishable, or as Albarn puts it: “He walked a very fine line between the dark arts and reached this point from There’s No Other Way, without the use of acceptable practice.” So you can see the attraction. a time machine, is astounding, But Dr Dee the album – which charts Dee’s progress from brilliant beginnings to outcast poverty and ruin and an alchemic feat that John Dee would undoubtedly have appro– doesn’t straddle 15 genres as usual; probably just ved of. three or four. 30 | H mag

rom the Beginning was released between the Small Faces’ first (1966, Decca) and second (1967, Immediate) proper albums, both of which were eponymous.

shed All or Nothing was, pre-internet, rather handy. Said songs displayed the developing songwriting partnership of Marriott and bassist Ronnie Lane, further in evidence on high quality newies like My Way of Giving.

The mysterious That Man and the Eastern-inflected Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow demonstrate a thoughtful new path for the band’s Though it rounds up almost music that would ultimately culall their chart successes minate in their psychedelic extrathus far, From the Beginvaganza Ogdens’ Nut Gone Flake, ning (Decca, also l967) is although they do rather make adjanot a greatest hits as such, cent covers like You’ve Really Got for it also includes prea Hold on Me and Runaway come viously unissued material scraped from the bottom of across as reflexic exercises, howethe session barrel. Two of ver perky. Bonuses like brilliant its tracks are earlier vercontemporaneous B sides Almost sions of songs that appeGrown and Understanding fill out ar on the Immediate album, the enjoyable first disc. with whose release its own coincided. The band made their displeasure with From the Beginning publicly known. Behind this confusing discography lay a story rife with politics, From the Beginning being the cash-in of the unwanted record company and even more undesired manager from whose clutches the group had escaped. That this cynically motivated product is still a worthwhile listen is down to the Small Faces’ extraordinary talent. Lead vocalist Steve Marriott was a cockney urchin but sang with a bluesy gravitas, while he and his three colleagues executed a sparkling, organ-heavy blend of pop, soul, rock and nascent freakbeat. Though their explosive entrée What’cha Gonna Do About It and signature song Sha-La-La-La-Lee had featured on their first album, the first-time collation of other hits like the joyous Hey Girl and the angui-

The second disc, however, presents problems. Appending to an album that was already a bit of a dog’s dinner a whole load of alternate and “electronically processed stereo” mixes and different versions plus more songs that had been better developed by the time of their appearance on their new label and then slapping on the whole enterprise the designation ‘Deluxe Edition’ comes close to what Marriott would no doubt have termed “having a laugh”. H mag | 31

Written by Mia Gregory

PULSE

Get Perfect

AbS

Whether you want to get six pack abs, or just looking to lose a bit of extra luggage you’re carrying around the mid-section, there are 3 “key” areas you need to focus on to get six pack abs.

hether you want to get six pack abs, or just looking to lose a bit of extra luggage you’re carrying around the mid-section, there are 3 “key” areas you need to focus on to get six pack abs. Strong abs not only help strengthen your lower back, but also improve upon your posture. Most lower back injuries occur, believe it or not, due to weak abs. Focus on these three areas and over time, you will see improved results.

pack abs in the world, but if they’re blanketed by a layer of body fat, who cares. In order to rid yourself of the extra body fat around your midsection, you need to incorporate effective cardio sessions into your fitness plan. You cannot spot-reduce the midsection by doing extra ab exercises like crunches or sit-ups. You first must burn off the body fat through proper cardio to properly define the area. Abdominal training by itself will not do much. Cardio needs to be intense enough to do the trick.

Key # 1- Proper cardiovascular work You can have the greatest, most muscular set of six

Three to four sessions a week, 20 minutes at a time, of intense jogging, running, the Stairmaster, the elliptical, jumping rope, or biking should be enough to get the process in gear. Swimming, hiking, and taking aerobics classes are beneficial as well. Nothing beats jogging or running. It is the most intense, efficient, and effective method of burning calories. If running outside hurts your joints, try running inside on a treadmill or outside on a dirt path. It definitely is easier on the body. Again, you NEED three to four intense cardio sessions a week, at least 20 minutes a session, to help create a calorie deficit and help rid the body of the

34 | H mag

fat that covers and lessens your chances of getting six pack abs. Key # 2- Proper Nutrition Do not sabotage your results in the gym by giving yourself a passport to pig out. Ridding the body of fat once and for all is accomplished by proper nutrition more so than incorporating cardio. At the end of the day, if you have consumed more calories than you have expended, you add body fat. So you need to burn more calories than you consume. Nutrition is important because you can reduce the amount of calories you take in, therefore greatly having an effect on the amount which you have to expend through cardio. Eat five to six small, well-balanced meals spaced apart about every three to four hours. Try to keep something healthy on hand. If not, when you become real hungry, you will opt for something that isn?t as good for you. When you become overly hungry, all rational thinking goes out the window. But it is important to get something in you. Not eating on time or at all is almost as bad as eating too much. Keep protein intake high (approximately 50% of daily calories), carbs moderate (40%), and fats minimal (10%). Muscle fiber is made of tightly-wound protein molecules that is damaged during a workout, so you need more protein than the sedentary person to help that muscle tissue repair. Carbohydrates have an important role in the body, but do not base your meals on them. Try to avoid simple sugars like cane sugar, honey, fruit juices, syrups, and even a lot of fruit. Drink at least a gallon of clean water each day as well. It will help in nutrient absorption and digestion and will help flush toxins from the body.

consume by 150-200 calories per day off your daily calorie maintanence amount. For example, if you require, at your age, weight, activity levels, etc...2000 calories just to maintain your current weight, start reducing that number to 1800 to 1850 for a couple weeks. If after a couple weeks you still do not see results, lower that number again by 150-200. Now you would be at 1600 to 1650 calories. Again, the key to getting six pack abs is ridding your body of the fat covering the abs. The only way to do this is by creating a calorie deficit so that your body burns calories for needed fuel. When you burn stored calories, you’re burning body fat. The way to properly do this is a combo of increased, intense cardio and a gradual reduction of calories. Key # 3- Weight training the abdominals Here is where most people go wrong in their attempt to develop their abs. I often ask those I train, “Would you train your biceps with sets of 50 reps with no weight”? Of course, they say no. “How about your chest, 50 reps with no weight?” Another no. I then ask, “Then why would you do that with your abs”? Here’s an important key. If you want proper ab development, you need to add resistance (weight) to your ab exercises. Abs are muscles just like biceps, triceps, pecs, glutes, whatever. You need resistance to properly strengthen and build them. The same goes for abdominals. Here are some effective ab exercises to incorporate for proper ab stimulation. Weighted crunches. Grab a dumbbell, either hold it in front of your face, or let it lie on your upper chest,

Bottom line, make sure you are supplying your body with well-balanced, healthy food every three to four hours. To ensure you are creating a calorie deficit, you should find out your daily caloric requirements that you need just to maintain your current bodyweight. Since you are looking to reduce your current body weight by getting rid of some fat, you want to speed up creating a calorie deficit. One way is how we talked about above, doing cardio. The other is by reducing the amount of calories you H mag | 35

PULSE

Popular singer

Shakira is known for her fabulous abs but that flattering figure does not happen without a lot of hard work on her part. Under the guidance of trainer Tracy Anderson, Shakirs works out six days every week. Each session includes an hour of strength training. Another 40 minutes per day is spent doing cardio dance and new routines are worked in every 10 days. Her stage routines incorporate belling dancing moves and this also helps her keep her tummy flat and her abdominal muscles strong. Most people are interested in the celebrity diets and celebrity workouts used by the stars in role preparation. Belly dancing is just one way the stars stay fit and Bellyqueen’s Kaeshi Chai has some advice for anyone interested in getting started. According to Chai, the foundation moves like circles, shimmies, figure eights and slides are all good for strengthening the abdominal muscles. These moves incorporate the torso muscles, including the obliques and muscles in the back, stomach and sides. Anyone can squeeze the core muscles throughout the day while standing in line at the store, sitting at a desk or watching TV. Hold the contraction for 10 seconds and repeat 10 times. She also suggests vigorous cross training with pilates and yoga moves added to increase core strength and flexibility. Meditation will train anyone to breathe properly while working out. There is no special equipment needed for belly dancing and it does not require a lot of space. Eating Right Shakira does not get her great figure by working out alone. A nutritious diet of vegetables, fruits and lean proteins is crucial. Eating many small meals instead of three big ones will keep the metabolic rate elevated throughout the day. 36 | H mag

under your chin, and perform regular crunches. You are now using your abs more to work against the leverage the dumbbell has created. Stick with a heavy enough weight where you can handle 10-15 reps, but no more. Remember, you need to create enough resistance where your abs are forced to work. Cable Rope crunches--grab the tricep rope, kneel on your knees, and bend downwards, forcefully contracting your abs on the way down. It’s basically a crunch, only, you are on your knees. But the contraction is the same. Don’t swing with the hips, you are not using the abs very much if you do. Just a slight, 30 degree contraction until you feel the abs contract, hold for a couple seconds, then back up. Weighted leg raises-- Lie flat on your back, with your hands tucked under your butt. Wrap your feet around a small dumbbell, and perform leg raises. Start with your feet about 6 inches from the ground, then raise them about 12-16 inches from the ground and then back down slowly. These can be done on the end of a bench as well. Seated ab machine-- once again, do not swing all the way down, just far enough (30 degrees) to fully contract the abs, hold for a couple seconds, then back up. This is very similar to Cable rope crunches. Stability Ball Crunches-- working on the stability ball will incorporate balance into your abdominal work. They are effective at strengthening your core region, which is your abs and lower back. You lie down on a stability ball like you are going to perform a crunch. Position yourself on the ball so your lower back is resting on it. Keep your feet close together on the floor making your body less stable (helps incorporate more balance on your part) and place your hands behind your head or folded on your chest. Crunch your upper body towards your knees, exhaling as you contract your abs. Under muscular control, lower yourself back to the original position keeping full tension on the abs. Regardless of what exercise you do, the key is to add weight/resistance. If not, you will never increase the amount of lean muscle tissue in the area. You only need to train your abs twice a week for maximum results. Once again, treat them like any other muscle group (which means you wouldn’t train them more often). Combine this weight training with proper diet and intense cardio and that elusive six-pack is yours to be had!

COOL STUFF

Written by Jonathan Molby

Space Bar Desk Organiser from Quirky More Space, More Ports, Less Clutter. A great space saving organiser for you iMac or any monitor with six USB ports, one mini-USB port and one AC adapter port.

Refurbished Original Red Phone Box

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REPORTAGE took revenge by assassinating Pizarro in 1541. Finally King Charles I stepped in and appointed Christobal Vaca de Castro as Governor of Peru, who, with the aid of the Pizarro loyalists, ended the political crisis.

Written by Isabella Fogli

THE CONQUEST OF THE INCA EMPIRE Francisco Pizarro was born in 1474 in Trujillo, Spain, as the illegitimate and poorly-educated son of a minor noble. In 1502 he arrived in the Spanish colony of Hispaniola where he later joined the expedition to settle Panama in 1519. Here he led a fairly prosperous life.

FRancisco pizarro

n 1522 sailors brought rumours of the existence of a rich and powerful indigenous empire to the south of Panama. Pizarro and his two partners organised three private expeditions in the conquistador tradition. The first expedition brought no tangible gain. The second expedition led Pizarro to a northern outpost of the Inca Empire, Tumbez, where he acquired three Inca youths that he planned to train as interpreters. For the third expedition Pizarro secured a contract, a capitulacione, from the Spanish Crown that named him the Governor of Peru, and ennobled thirteen members of his company. In late 1530, Pizarro sailed from Panama to Tumbez with 180 men.

42 | H mag

Once in Tumbez it was evident to Pizarro that the Incas were engaged in a civil war and that they were suffering from the first smallpox epidemic to reach the region. The smallpox epidemic claimed the life of the powerful Inca Emperor, Huayna Capac, and his heir apparent. The resulting power vacuum caused a political crisis within the empire. Two of the emperor's sons laid claim to the throne: Huáscar was selected by the court elite to rule from Cuzco, the traditional Inca capital, and Atahualpa had control of his father's professional army and the newly conquered regions of Ecuador and Columbia. The two half brothers were soon embroiled in a civil war that ravaged Inca cities, wreaked havoc on the economy, and decimated the population. Early in 1532, Atahualpa's

army defeated Huáscar's army and captured and executed its leader. The arrival of Pizarro was at first viewed as little more than a curiosity by the Incas, who did not recognise the danger posed by Spanish steel weaponry and horse cavalry. Pizarro and his men set a trap and successfully captured Atahualpa who assumed that the Spanish simply intended to raid the empire. He thus offered them a ransom of 13,420 pounds of gold and 26,000 pounds of silver in exchange for his release. Pizarro accepted and promised to release Atahualpa. However, when the ransom was delivered, Pizarro's partners suggested that Atahualpa be executed, fearing that the Inca leader could still rally the support of his demoralised armies. Eventually Pizarro was convinced of Atahualpa's threat to their position and had him executed in August 1533. Pizarro next set his sights on the looting of Cuzco, the Inca capital. Pizarro appointed Huáscar's brother, Manco Capac, as nominal ruler of the Inca Empire. He then marched to Cuzco where, with the help of Huáscar's surviving supporters, he met and defeated what remained of Atahualpa's forces. In 1535, having consolidated his control, Pizarro established a new capital city now known as Lima. Capac was allowed to rule in Cuzco as a puppet monarch but Spanish abuses forced him to lead an unsuccessful revolt. Pizarro also had to confront the internal divisions of his own partnerships. His chief ally, Almagro, now turned into his chief rival. Almagro and his supporters would eventually lose a pitched battle on the plains near Cuzco. Pizarro's brother would then order the execution of the defeated Almagro whose family then

The Inca Empire, or Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas used a variety of methods, from conquest to peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges, including, besides Peru, large parts of modern Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, north and central Chile, and southern Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia. The official language of the empire was Quechua, although hundreds of local languages and dialects of Quechua were spoken. The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu which can be translated as The Four Regions or The Four United Provinces. There were many local forms of worship, most of them concerning local sacred “Huacas”, but the Inca leadership encouraged the worship of Inti—the sun god—and imposed its sovereignty above other cults such as that of Pachamama. The Incas considered their King, the Sapa Inca, to be the “child of the sun.” The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu, “four parts together.” In Quechua the term Tawantin is a group of four things (tawa “four” with the suffix -ntin which names a group). Suyu means “region” or “province”. The empire was divided into four suyus, whose corners met at the capital, Cusco (Qosqo). The name Tawantinsuyu was, therefore, a descriptive term indicating a union of provinces. The Spanish transliterated the name as Tahuatinsuyo or Tahuatinsuyu which is often still used today. The term Inka means ruler, or lord, in Quechua, and was used to refer to the ruling class or the ruling family in the empire. The Spanish adopted the term (transliterated as Inca in Spanish) as an ethnic term referring to all subjects of the empire rather than simply the ruling class. As such the name Imperio H mag | 43

REPORTAGE inca (Inca Empire) referred to the nation that they encountered, and subsequently conquered.

Sinchi Roca, became the second emperor of the Inca.

Origin

“We can assure your majesty that it is so beautiful and has such fine buildings that it would even be remarkable in Spain.” Francisco Pizarro

Incan oral history mentions three possible places of origin of their people. Three caves near Pacariqtambo (a place 33 km (21 mi) away from Cuzco). Lake Titicaca. Or a place known as Tambo. Pacariqtambo, which means “the dawn tavern” or “the place of origin”, was a place of three caves. The center cave, Tambo Tocco, was named for Capac Tocco. The other caves were Maras Tocco and Sutic Tocco. Four brothers and four sisters stepped out of the middle cave. They were: Ayar Manco, Ayar Cachi, Ayar Auca, Ayar Uchu, and Mama Ocllo, Mama Raua, Mama Huaca, Mama Cora. Out of the side caves came the people who were to be the ancestors of all the clans of the Inca people. Ayar Manco carried a staff made of the finest gold. Where this staff landed, the people would all live there. They travelled for a very, very long time. On the way, Ayar Cachi went too far boasting about his great strength and power, and his siblings tricked him into returning to the cave to get a sacred llama. When he went into the cave, they trapped him inside. Ayar Uchu decided to stay somewhere on the top to look over the Incan people. The minute he proclaimed that, he turned to stone. They built a shrine around the stone and it became a sacred object. Ayar Auca also grew tired of all these and decide to travel alone. Only Ayar Manco and his four sisters remained. Finally, they reached Cuzco. The staff sank into the ground. Before they reached here, Mama Ocllo had already bore Ayar Manco a child, Sinchi Roca. The people who were already living in the valley fought hard to keep their land, but Mama Huaca was a good fighter. When the enemy attacked, she threw her bolas—several stones tied together that spun through the air when thrown—at a soldier, or gualla, and killed him instantly. Mama Huaca ripped out his lungs and squeezed them until they exploded. The other people were so scared, they ran away. After that, Ayar Manco became known as Manco Cápac, the founder of the Inca. It is said that he and his sisters built the first Inca homes in the valley with their own hands. When the time came, Manco Cápac turned to stone like his brothers before him. His son, 44 | H mag

Kingdom of Cuzco

The Inca people were a pastoral tribe in the Cuzco area around the 12th century. Under the leadership of Manco Cápac, they formed the small city-state Kingdom of Cuzco (Quechua Qusqu’Qosqo). In 1438, they began a far-reaching expansion under the command of Sapa Inca (paramount leader) Pachacuti-Cusi Yupanqui, whose name literally meant “earthshaker”. The name of Pachacuti was given to him after conquering over the Tribe of Chancas (modern Apurímac). During his reign, he and his son Tupac Yupanqui brought much of the Andes mountains (roughly modern Peru and Ecuador) under Inca control.

Reorganization and formation

The first image of the Inca in Europe. Pedro Cieza de Leon. Cronica del Peru, 1553. Pachacuti reorganized the kingdom of Cusco into the Tahuantinsuyu, which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provincial governments with strong leaders: Chinchasuyu (NW), Antisuyu (NE), Kuntisuyu (SW), and Qullasuyu (SE). Pachacuti is also thought to have built Machu Picchu, either as a family home or as a summer retreat, although there is speculation that Machu Picchu was constructed as an agricultural station. Pachacuti sent spies to regions he wanted in his empire; they brought reports on the political organization, military might and wealth. He would then send messages to the leaders of these lands extolling the benefits of joining his empire, offering them presents of luxury goods such as high quality textiles, and promising that they would be materially richer as subject rulers of the Inca. Most accepted the rule of the Inca as a fait accompli and acquiesced peacefully. The ruler’s children would then be brought to Cusco to be taught about Inca administration systems, then return to rule their native lands. This allowed the Inca to indoctrinate the for-

mer ruler’s children into the Inca nobility, and, with luck, marry their daughters into families at various corners of the empire.

Expansion and consolidation

It was traditional for the Inca’s son to lead the army; Pachacuti’s son Túpac Inca Yupanqui began conquests to the north in 1463, and continued them as Inca after Pachucuti’s death in 1471. His most important conquest was the Kingdom of Chimor, the Inca’s only serious rival for the coast of Peru. Túpac Inca’s empire stretched north into modern day Ecuador and Colombia. Túpac Inca’s son Huayna Cápac added a small portion of land to the north in modern day Ecuador and in parts of Peru. At its height, the Inca Empire included Peru and Bolivia, most of what is now Ecuador, a large portion of what is today Chile north of the Maule River in central Chile. The advance south halted after the Battle of the Maule where they met determined resistance by the Mapuche tribes. The empire also extended into corners of Argentina and Colombia. However, most of the southern portion of the Inca empire, the portion denominated as Qullasuyu, was located in the Altiplano. The Inca Empire was a patchwork of languages, cultures and peoples. The components of the empire were not all uniformly loyal, nor were the local cultures all fully integrated. The Inca empire as a whole had an economy based on exchange and taxation of luxury goods and labour. The following quote reflects a method of taxation: “For as is well known to all, not a single village of the highlands or the plains failed to pay the tribute levied on it by those who were in charge of these matters. There were even provinces where, when the natives alleged that they were unable to pay their tribute, the Inca ordered that each inhabitant should be obliged to turn in every four months a large quill full of live lice, which was the Inca’s way of teaching and accustoming them to pay tribute”.

Inca civil war and Spanish conquest

One of the main events in the conquest of the Incan Empire was the death of Atahualpa, the last Sapa Inca on 29 August 1533 Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro and

his brothers explored south from what is today Panama, reaching Inca territory by 1526. It was clear that they had reached a wealthy land with prospects of great treasure, and after one more expedition in 1529, Pizarro traveled to Spain and received royal approval to conquer the region and be its viceroy. This approval was received as detailed in the following quote: “In July 1529 the queen of Spain signed a charter allowing Pizarro to conquer the Incas. Pizarro was named governor and captain of all conquests in Peru, or New Castile, as the Spanish now called the land.” When they returned to Peru in 1532, a war of the two brothers between Huayna Capac’s sons Huáscar and Atahualpa and unrest among newly conquered territories—and perhaps more importantly, smallpox, which had spread from Central America—had considerably weakened the empire. Pizarro did not have a formidable force; with just 168 men, 1 cannon and 27 horses, he often needed to talk his way out of potential confrontations that could have easily wiped out his party. The Spanish horsemen, fully armored, had great technological superiority over the Inca forces. The traditional mode of battle in the Andes was a kind of siege warfare where large numbers of usually reluctant draftees were sent to overwhelm opponents. The Spaniards had developed one of the finest military machines in the premodern world, tactics learned in their centuries’ long fight against Moorish kingdoms in Iberia. Along with this tactical and material superiority, the Spaniards also had acquired tens of thousands of native allies who sought to end the Inca control of their territories. H mag | 45

REPORTAGE Inca population,[citation needed] with other waves of European disease weakening them further. Smallpox was only the first epidemic. Typhus (probably) in 1546, influenza and smallpox together in 1558, smallpox again in 1589, diphtheria in 1614, measles in 1618 – all ravaged the remains of Inca culture.

Inca expansion (1438–1533)

Their first engagement was the Battle of Puná, near present-day Guayaquil, Ecuador, on the Pacific Coast; Pizarro then founded the city of Piura in July 1532. Hernando de Soto was sent inland to explore the interior and returned with an invitation to meet the Inca, Atahualpa, who had defeated his brother in the civil war and was resting at Cajamarca with his army of 80,000 troops. Pizarro and some of his men, most notably a friar named Vincente de Valverde, met with the Inca, who had brought only a small retinue. Through an interpreter Friar Vincente read the “Requerimiento” that demanded that he and his empire accept the yoke of King Charles I of Spain and convert to Christianity. Because of the language barrier and perhaps poor interpretation, Atahualpa became somewhat puzzled by the friar’s description of Christian faith and was said to have not fully understood the envoy’s intentions. After Atahualpa attempted further enquiry into the doctrines of the Christian faith under which Pizarro’s envoy served, the Spanish became frustrated and impatient, attacking the Inca’s retinue and capturing Atahualpa as hostage. Atahualpa offered the Spaniards enough gold to fill the room he was imprisoned in, and twice that amount of silver. The Inca fulfilled this ransom, but Pizarro deceived them, refusing to release the Inca afterwards. During Atahualpa’s imprisonment Huáscar was assassinated elsewhere. The Spaniards maintained that this was at Atahualpa’s orders; this was used as one of the charges against Atahualpa when the Spaniards finally decided to put him to death, in August 1533.

Last Incas

The Spanish installed Atahualpa’s brother Manco Inca Yupanqui in power; for some time Manco cooperated with the Spanish, while the Spanish fought to put down resistance in the north. Meanwhile an associate of Pizarro’s, Diego de Almagro, attempted to claim Cusco for himself. Manco tried to use this intra-Spanish feud to his advantage, recapturing Cusco in 1536, but the Spanish retook the city afterwards. Manco Inca then retreated to the mountains of Vilcabamba, Peru, where he and his successors ruled for another 36 years, sometimes raiding the Spanish 46 | H mag

Society

There is some debate about the number of people inhabiting Tawantinsuyu at its peak, with estimates ranging from as few as 4 million people, to more than 37 million. The reason for these various estimates is that in spite of the fact that the Inca kept excellent census records using their quipu, knowledge of how to read them has been lost, and almost all of them had been destroyed by the Spaniards in the course of their conquest.

Language

or inciting revolts against them. In 1572 the last Inca stronghold was conquered, and the last ruler, Túpac Amaru, Manco’s son, was captured and executed. This ended resistance to the Spanish conquest under the political authority of the Inca state. After the fall of the Inca Empire many aspects of Inca culture were systematically destroyed, including their sophisticated farming system, known as the vertical archipelago model of agriculture. The Spaniards used the Inca mita (mandatory public service) system to literally work the people to death. One member of each family was forced to work in the gold and silver mines, the foremost of which was the titanic silver mine at Potosí. When a family member died, which would usually happen within a year or two, the family would be required to send a replacement. The effects of smallpox on the Inca empire were even more devastating. Beginning in Colombia, smallpox spread rapidly before the Spanish invaders first arrived in the empire. The spread was probably aided by the efficient Inca road system. Within a few years smallpox claimed between 60% and 94% of the

Since the Inca Empire lacked a written language, the empire’s main form of communication and recording came from quipus, ceramics and spoken Quechua, the language the Incas imposed upon the peoples within the empire. The plethora of civilizations in the Andean region provided for a general disunity that the Incas needed to subdue in order to maintain control of the empire. While Quechua had been spoken in the Andean region, like central Peru, for several years prior to the expansion of the Inca civilization, the type of Quechua the Incas imposed was an adaptation from the Kingdom of Cusco (an early form of “Southern Quechua” originally named Qhapaq Runasimi = The great language of the people) of what some historians define as “Proto-Quechua” or Cusco dialect (the original Quechua dialect). The language imposed by the Incas further diverted from its original phonetic tone as some societies formed their own regional varieties, or slang. The diversity of Quechua at that point and even today does not come as a direct result from the Incas, who are just a part of the reason for Quechua’s diversity. The civilizations within the empire that had previously spoken Quechua kept their own variety distinct to the Quechua the Incas spread. Although these dialects of Quechua have a

similar linguistic structure, they differ according to the region in which they are spoken. Although most of the societies within the empire implemented Quechua into their lives, the Incas allowed several societies to keep their old languages such as Aymara, which still remains a spoken language in contemporary Bolivia where it is the primary indigenous language and various regions of South America surrounding Bolivia. The linguistic body of the Inca Empire was thus largely varied, but it still remains quite an achievement for the Incas that went beyond their time as the Spanish continued the use of Quechua.

Organization of the empire

The most powerful figure in the empire was the Sapa Inca (‘the unique Inca’). Only descendants of the original Inca tribe ascended to the level of Inca. Most young members of the Inca’s family attended Yachay Wasis (houses of knowledge) to obtain their education. The Inca Empire was a federalist system which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provinces: Chinchay Suyu (NW), Anti Suyu (NE), Kunti Suyu (SW), and Qulla Suyu (SE). The four corners of these provinces met at the center, Cusco. Each province had a governor who oversaw local officials, who in turn supervised agriculturally productive river valleys, cities and mines. There were separate chains of command for both the military and religious institutions, which created a system of partial checks and balances on power.[citation needed] The local officials were responsible for settling disputes and keeping track of each family’s contribution to the mita (mandatory public service).

Laws

Inti as represented by José Bernardo de Tagle of Peru. The main legislator on Inca traditions was Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui who established numerous laws, and reformed old ones.

Religion

Incan myths were an oral tradition until early Spanish colonists recorH mag | 47

REPORTAGE ded them; however, some scholars believe that they may have been recorded on quipus, Andean knotted string records. The Inca believed in reincarnation. Death was a passage to the next world that was full of difficulties. The spirit of the dead (camaquen) would need to follow a long dark road and during the trip the assistance of black dog that was able to see in the dark was required. Most Incas imagined the after world to be very similar to ours with flower covered fields and snow capped mountains. It was important for the Inca to ensure they did not die as a result of burning or that the body of the deceased did not become incinerated. This is because of the underlying belief that a vital force would disappear and threaten their passage to the after world. Those who obeyed the Incan moral code—ama suwa, ama llulla, ama quella (do not steal, do not lie, do not be lazy) —”went to live in the Sun’s warmth while others spent their eternal days in the cold earth”[citation needed]. The Inca also practiced cranial deformation. They achieved this by wrapping tight cloth straps around the heads of newborns in order to alter the shape of their soft skulls into a more conical form; this cranial deformation was made to distinguish social classes of the communities, with only the nobility having cranial deformation.

Economy

The economy of the Inca Empire has been characterized as involving a high degree of central planning. While evidence of trade between the Inca Empire and outside regions has been uncovered, there is no evidence that the Incas had an internal market eco48 | H mag

nomy or currency. Individuals were required to pay taxes to the state in the form of a certain amount of labor. In return, the state provided basic necessities.

Social structure

The social structure of the Inca Empire varied from area to area, but still had the same basic structure, On top was the Sapa Inca, or the emperor. Then came the nobles, these were often the priests and relatives of past emperors or the current ones. After, there were craftsmen and architects, they were very high on the social ladder because of the skill that they had was required by the Empire for such buildings. then came the working class, often just farmers that were kept in their social groupings. After this, were the slaves and peasants of the society.

Monumental architecture

Architecture was by far the most important of the Inca arts, with textiles reflecting motifs that were at their height in architecture. The main example is the capital city of Cusco. The site of Machu Picchu was constructed by Inca engineers. The stone temples constructed by the Inca used a mortarless construction that fit together so well that a knife could not be fitted through the stonework. This was a process first used on a large scale by the Pucara (ca. 300 BC–AD 300) peoples to the south in Lake Titicaca, and later in the great city of Tiwanaku (ca. AD 400–1100) in present day Bolivia. The rocks used in construction were sculpted to fit together exactly by repeatedly lowering a rock onto another and carving away any sections on the lower rock where the dust was compressed. The tight fit and the concavity on the lower rocks made them extraordinarily stable.

Communication and medicine

The Inca used assemblages of knotted strings, known as Quipu to record information, the exact nature of which is no longer known. Originally it was thought that Quipu were used only as mnemonic devices or to record numerical data. Quipus are also believed to record history and literature. The Inca made many discoveries in medicine. They performed successful skull surgery, which involved cutting holes in the skull in order to alleviate fluid buildup and inflammation caused by head wounds.

Anthropologists have discovered evidence which suggests that most skull surgeries performed by Inca surgeons were successful. In pre-Inca times, only one-third of skull surgery patients survived the procedure. However, survival rates rose to 80–90% during the Inca era.

Coca

The Incas revered the coca plant as being sacred or magical. Its leaves were used in moderate amounts to lessen hunger and pain during work, but were mostly used for religious and health purposes. When the Spaniards realized the effects of chewing the coca leaves, they took advantage of it. They forced the people of the Tawantinsuyo (Peru) to become addicted to it to avoid having to provide the usual amounts of food and rest while they were engaged in slave labour[citation needed]. The Chasqui (messengers) chewed coca leaves for extra energy to carry on their tasks as runners delivering messages throughout the empire. The coca leaf was also used during surgeries as an anaesthetic.

Inca Army

The Inca army was the most powerful in the area at that time, because they could turn an ordinary villager or farmer into a soldier, ready for battle. This is because every male Inca had to take part in war at least once so as to be prepared for warfare again when needed. By the time the empire had reached its large size, every section of the empire contributed in setting up an army for war. The Incas had no iron or steel, and their weapons were not much better than those of their enemies. They went into battle with the beating of drums and the blowing of trumpets. The armor used by the Incas included: Helmets made of wood, copper, bronze, cane, or animal skin; some were adorned with feathers Round or square shields made from

wood or hide Cloth tunics padded with cotton and small wooden planks to protect the spine. The Inca weaponry included: Bronze or bone-tipped spears Two-handed wooden swords with serrated edges Clubs with stone and spiked metal heads Woolen slings and stones Stone or copper headed battle-axes Bolas (stones fastened to lengths of cord) Roads allowed very quick movement for the Inca army, and shelters called tambo were built one day’s distance in travelling from each other, so that an army on campaign could always be fed and rested. This can be seen in names of ruins such as Ollantay Tambo, or My Lord’s Storehouse. These were set up so the Inca and his entourage would always have supplies (and possibly shelter) ready as he traveled.

The chronicler, Bernabé Cobo, wrote: “The royal standard or banner was a small square flag, ten or twelve spans around, made of cotton or wool cloth, placed on the end of a long staff, stretched and stiff such that it did not wave in the air, and on it each king painted his arms and emblems, for each one chose different ones, though the sign of the Incas was the rainbow and two parallel snakes along the width with the tassel as a crown, which each king used to add for a badge or blazon those preferred, like a lion, an eagle and other figures.” H mag | 49

Written by Gerard Holsner

DESKTOP

INTERNET

MarKeting

ere is the basic honest truth: most of the people get into Internet Marketing because they are convinced it is an easy way to earn quick money. Their approach is to make a fast website, put up some advertising and a few affiliate links and then sit back and watch while they earn real cash. There are a large amount of individuals who do this and also earn lots of money on the internet. But what if you want more than some extra or even quick cash (quick cash, naturally being a misnomer)? Can Internet Marketing really be leveraged to produce a worthwhile and long term career?

The quick and dirty answer is that yes, you are able to make Internet Marketing your long term and sustainable career. You only need to take on the project properly. The procedures and programs you use to build something to earn fast money are not all that different than the methods and systems you will use to build long term profits. So what would you do if you need to develop a sustainable career on the internet? It is very important that the first thing you do, in order to earn long term money online, is accept the fact that you are going to have to do real work. You will have to do actual and real work on a daily basis and you will have days when you feel fantastic about what you do and days when you wish you could find something else to take on. 52 | H mag

This causes it to be just about like every other occupation that is out there. If you want to produce lasting cash flow by working lots right now and not at all later on then you are going to be in for a rude awakening in a little while. So be ready to roll up your sleeves and get to work. There are a few ventures that lend themselves much better to a long term career than others will. Affiliate marketing, to use one example, is a great task for someone who wants to earn money on a part time basis or to supplement your already existent income. Is it truly possible to earn a full time income in this manner? You could if you pick out only the right products and then work like crazy to promote them. A far better approach, nevertheless, is to create your own products or websites and then promote those. This gives you full control over the projects you take on and how you accomplish them. And you will end up more likely to stick with it in the long run. If you want to give a service on the web this works much the same way. Writers, for example, need to create websites for themselves and create portfolios that they can point to as examples of their work. Finally, perhaps the most significant thing that you need to recognize is that, when you want to build a long term and reliable income on the internet, you need to truly dedicate yourself to your task. You might have fun and feel rewarded by your efforts but first you should tell yourself â&#x20AC;&#x153;yes, I really want to do this.â&#x20AC;? Making a half hearted effort is not about to get you anywhere.

Written by Jonny Mendez

MORE Kentucky Derby Is Decadent and Depraved

Is the Kentucky Derby still decadent and depraved? In l97O, Hunter S Thompson wrote The Kentucky Derby Is Decadent and Depraved, his seminal article about America's most celebrated horse race. The writer's first piece of gonzo journalism, it was a vivid sketch of the event's drunken debauchery. Four decades on, has much changed?

he Kentucky Derby is at least as famous for what goes on off the track as on it The sun is barely over the yardarm at Louisville’s race course, but the notorious infield is already looking not dissimilar to the “sea of drunken horrors” and “huge outdoor loony bin” depicted by Thompson all those years ago.

54 | H mag

Given that Churchill Downs opens for business at 08:00 on Kentucky Derby day, it is little surprise to find over-refreshed punters staggering about in the noon sunshine as though buffeted by hurricane-force winds.

In the whole of North America, it is said that only New Orleans during Mardi Gras can match the party atmosphere of the Kentucky Derby.

Jennie Rees, turf writer for Louisville’s CourierJournal newspaper, says: “The Derby is a real slice of Americana. The only thing I think we don’t have from you guys [in the UK] is the gypsies - no gypsies in the infield. But we do have a lot of raucous revellers.”

Some of the antics at Churchill Downs would make Aintree in its pomp look as tame as a maiden aunt’s cribbage luncheon.

Now, looking down from the press box, I pointed to the huge grassy meadow enclosed by the track. “That whole thing,” I said, “will be jammed with people; fifty thousand or so, and most of them staggering drunk. It’s a fantastic scene - thousands of people fainting, crying, copulating, trampling each other and fighting with broken whiskey bottles. We’ll have to spend some time out there, but it’s hard to move around, too many bodies... We’ll just have to be careful not to step on anybody’s stomach and start a fight.”

Hell

I shrugged. “ , this clubhouse scene right below us will be almost as bad as the infield. Thousands of raving, stumbling drunks, getting angrier and angrier as they lose more and more money. By mid-afternoon they’ll be guzzling mint juleps with both hands and vomiting on each other between races. The whole place will be jammed with bodies, shoulder to shoulder. It’s hard to move around. The aisles will be slick with vomit; people falling down and grabbing at your legs to keep from being stomped.

When Thompson wrote his famous article about the Derby, he was not interested in the actual race. As the gonzo writer himself put it: “We didn’t give a hoot in hell what was happening on the track. We had come there to watch the real beasts perform.” Continue reading the main story From Hunter S Thompson’s The H mag | 55

MORE Bare-chested men juiced up on bourbon wrestle in a mire of mud, while amorous couples roll in the grass. Young women - hoisted aloft like trophies by sombrero-wearing college quarterbacks - expose their breasts, prompting a chorus of hoots from male admirers.

farm for up to $1m (£619k) a day. Little wonder the floral blanket draped over the winning horse’s withers, for which the race is known as the Run for the Roses, is so prized.

The scene evokes a sumptuous tableau of bacchanalian misrule painted by the baroque master Rubens.

By late afternoon senseless bodies are strewn everywhere like fallen combatants from some mighty battle. From that point on - almost from the very moment we started out to the track - we lost all control of events and spent the rest of the weekend churning around in a sea of drunken horrors.

He would no doubt find today's infield - a carnival of half-naked humanity basting under an apricot sun - familiar. 56 | H mag

Why do 160,000 or so punters travel every year from across the United States to watch a horse race that lasts barely 120 seconds? It is because this meeting is known as the most exciting two minutes in sport. Stud fees Set up in 1875 to emulate England’s Epsom Derby, it is America’s oldest continual sporting event. Steeped in tradition and pageantry, this is the race every horse-owner wants to win. The one-and-a-quarter mile (2km) taut oval course is only open to three-year-old thoroughbreds that have never run it before. The victorious owner trots off with most of a $2m (£1.2m) purse, and an offer to sell his horse to a stud

to make it a debauched party you can. The infield is more like Woodstock than a race meeting.” Thoroughbreds and prodigies If the infield specimens could be compared to wild mustangs prancing in the prairie dust, then those up on Millionaires’ Row are pampered like human thoroughbreds. In this hermetically sealed, air-conditioned oasis strut the seersucker suit-wearing aristocrats of Derby day.

A seat among these celebrities, socialites and cigarchomping captains of commerce can cost up to $8,000.

hurchill Downs’ track announcer, Mark Johnson, who comes from Skegness, Lincolnshire, believes the Derby is “without a shadow of a doubt” more important than the two legs of the Triple Crown which follow (the Preakness Stakes in Baltimore, Maryland, at the end of May and June’s Belmont Stakes in Elmont, New York).

Leggy Southern belles glide in a cirrocumulus of perfume, with the grace of pedigree race horses, through this elite club. Glossy manes of hair tumble down their sun-kissed backs, beneath cartwheel-sized hats. These prodigies of millinery - adorned with tulle, feathers and flowers - are one of the most cherished traditions of the annual Kentucky swill.

“The Kentucky Derby transcends sport,” he says. “All humanity is there. It’s probably a little more Royal Ascot than Grand National. The mint julep is a much cherished Kentucky Derby tradition “It involves high society and high sport and high stakes. But if you want H mag | 57

MORE Many of the punters are liberally indulging in another hallowed Derby custom: the mint julep, a beverage of bourbon, sugar syrup, bruised mint leaves and shaved ice served in a highball glass.

grown men choke back tears.

In praise of mint juleps

The bell trills, and the cavalry charge begins.

“The preparation of the quintessence of gentlemanly beverages can only be described in like terms. A mint julep is not the product of a formula. It is a ceremony and must be performed by a gentleman possessing a true sense of the artistic, a deep reverence for the ingredients and a proper appreciation of the occasion. It is a rite that must not be entrusted to a novice, a statistician nor a Yankee. It is a heritage of the old South, an emblem of hospitality and a vehicle in which noble minds can travel together upon the flower-strewn paths of a happy and congenial thought.”

Over the track spurt the mounts, like jets of liquid crystal - it is a living sonnet to motion. Mario Gutierrez rode I’ll Have Another to victory at this year’s Derby Down the homestretch, I’ll Have Another erupts like a flaming meteor from a storm cloud of horseflesh and hurtles down the final furlong to victory.

A reverent hush descends across the field as the firedup horses bounce in their stalls, impatient to get to work.

From a letter by US Lt Gen Simon Bolivar Buckner, 1906

or those abstemious enough to remain on their feet until the big race, they are unlikely ever to forget the experience.

From the derby winner’s circle a bugler dressed like a master of foxhounds sounds the Call to the Post. As 20 majestic horses are led to the starting gate by outriders, Churchill Downs twitches with anticipation.

Kentucky - the home of bluegrass and bourbon, Abraham Lincoln, Muhammad Ali and, last 58 | H mag

but not least, Colonel Sanders - is a proud commonwealth.

The Kentucky Derby is over, but its spell lingers long in the air, like the smell of sulphur from fireworks. It is true that this epic race meeting still offers decadence and depravity in abundance. But it has much more than that. Another famous American author who immortalised the event in prose expresses it well.

So when a marching band strikes up the state song, My Old Kentucky Home (a plantation slave lament),

As the chestnut colt flies over the finish line, the crowd’s roar consumes Churchill Downs with the fury of a tempest.

In 1956 John Steinbeck wrote: “The Kentucky Derby, whatever it is - a race, an emotion, a turbulence, an explosion - is one of the most beautiful and violent and satisfying things I have ever experienced.” H mag | 59

H Written by Mike Rosenberg

TRENDS

WayS To Get

Letting her go is really tricky. It’s agonizing and you will sense like you’re tearing your personal heart out. But some unlucky souls entirely fall short and get dumped. What do they do now to get them to appear back again?

Your GF Back

t does not necessarily mean that you are giving up on the romantic relationship, nor does it signify that you no lengthier care about your girlfriend. Somewhat, letting her go signifies giving her the time and space away from you that permits her to miss you and know what she had. It’s human nature to want elements only when we don’t have them any more. When you efficiently offer with your private emotions, accept the breakup, and let her go, you shift the energy dynamic back in your favor. When you allow your girlfriend go just after a breakup, you deliver all the proper messages. It shows that you are strong, independent, and assured which are all attractive traits.

It reveals your girlfriend that though you really want her in your existence, you don't need to have her in your everyday life to be pleased. 62 | H mag

It says to her, you may possibly not want to be aspect of my existence appropriate now, but if you’re not then you’re going to be lacking out on something wonderful because I refuse to sit about begging, pleading, apologizing, and being depressed. Lifestyle is too brief for all that. I’m going to be ok no make a difference what.

Do you see why this is so strong? Until eventually you’re gone, she can’t miss you. Even if you’re not seeing her, just sending texts or calling her nevertheless suggests you’re around and she can’t miss you. Soon after a breakup, you really should do your greatest to stay away from all speak to for at minimum a few of weeks. If she calls missing you, don’t just drop every thing and rush more than to see her. Otherwise you give all the energy back to her and chances are the subsequent day she’ll sense like she made a mistake.

When she feels you're shifting on with your existence and she may lose you for very good, then she'll begin earning the energy to get you back instead. If she doesn’t, then odds are she actually is really above you and has made a decision you’re not the correct man for her. If this is the case, then you must accept it, but by letting her go in the very first put, you have presently ready all by yourself for the worst.

What to say to a woman to get her back is often an unanswered query. But we will go over some issues you can say to get her to arrive operating back again. Points can be restored to their former state with some persistence and good preparation and the ideal points to say. Make her think exceptional and allow her in on how substantially you treatment for her. Say the appropriate items, and she will have no selection but to come back again.

AlSo

You’ve been regretting it since the day you let her go. And you can’t sleep another day without doing something about it. If you really love her, do not give up. Get on your feet and win your girlfriend back. To start you off the right track, here are some points and tips to keep in mind.

ive her space after the break-up. The harder you push, the more she might pull away. If she says she needs some time, respect her decision. Do not call her every minute of the day. Last thing

you want is to annoy her with your over-persistence, and worse, drive her into a habit of hiding from you.

beg or plead. This ten-

Do not

ds to scream desperation. Even if you are actually desperate to win her back, do not turn clingy. You can court her all over again with flowers, chocolates and letters. But while the gifts are bound to draw a smile, winning her back will require a more personal and sincere gesture.

Show her

that you are worthy of a second chance. Use the time you have spent apart since the breakup to reflect.

Think back on the qualities that attracted her to you in the first place. Play up your strengths. Become the man she first fell for. H mag | 63

TRENDS But do not stop at an apology. Convince her that your relationship deserves a do-over. Assure her that you will be a much better partner this time around. Pour your heart out. Do not, however, force the reconciliation. Show her how much you want to be with her. Let everything else fall into place.

Also, do not pressure her into deciding on your future right away. Let her know of your intentions and your feelings, but assure her that you will completely respect her choice. igure out what exactly went wrong with your relationship. Replay in your head the conversations, and even fights, you had.

From there, you’ll know what needs to be fixed. If it was something you did, ask yourself why you did it in the first place. This way, you are clear on which issues you need to come to terms with. If it was a problem with your behavior, then work on your weak spots. After you have made the necessary “fixes”, arrange to meet or talk with her. You can check with her friends if they think she’s ready to hear you out. Be patient.

When she does agree to a conversation, humbly apologize for your wrongdoings and take responsibility for your actions. “Sorry” goes a long way. 64 | H mag

Remember that there's no need to focus all your energies on this quest. Have some time to yourself as well. Do what makes you feel good, may it be a new diet, a new hobby or a new look. Who knows, this might even win you extra points with her. The effective “rules of engagement” will vary with each guy and each relationship. Use the tips listed above as a guide to plotting your plan of action. Just remember that sincerity and determination are key. And of course, being mature, responsible, respectful and thoughtful always comes handy. Good luck!

REAL LIFE

n o W

Written by Dorian Legher

e ’I v The Lottery

AGAIN

Callie rogers was just 16 when she scooped nearly £2million on the lottery in 2003 and looked set for a life of luxury. But instead of making her happy, the money brought her nothing but misery.

ollowing her win, Callie blew £250,000 on cocaine, attempted suicide three times and struggled to hold down a relationship. Worst of all, she lost custody of son Kian, seven, and daughter Debony, four – the children she had with her ex, Nicky Lawson.

own,” says Callie. “We haven’t bought much for the babies, though we’ve got a new twin buggy.

“I have about £40,000 left from the sale of the house but, after that, all my money is gone. But I’m really not worrying about it. I just don’t desire material things like I used to. Long gone are the days when I’d spend But now Callie’s troubles are firmly in the past. She has thousands on plastic surgery and £200 every other a new man in her life – fireman Paul Penny, 33 – and, month on hair extensions.” in three weeks’ time, she’ll be given a second chance at motherhood when she gives birth to their identical Callie was earning £3.60 an hour as a shop assistant twin boys. when she scooped £1.9million in 2003. Two weeks afAnd, despite being almost broke after squandering her ter her win, she met Nicky, 29. They went on to have £1.9m, Callie says she couldn’t be more content. two children together, but the pair had a rocky relaProudly displaying her bump, Callie, 25, poses naked tionship and Callie became hooked on cocaine. for Closer and reveals: “It was a total surprise. We did- “My relationship with Nicky was so destructive,” she n’t plan a baby, let alone two, but I’m truly the happiest recalls. I’ve ever been in my life. As well as drugs, she spent her winnings on holidays, homes for relatives, designer clothes, fast cars and “I’ve finally grown up and said goodbye to my trou- splashed out £11,500 on two boob jobs. But the mobled past. I might not have any of my millions left but, ney never seemed to make Callie – who has tattoos of for the first time in my life, I really do feel like I’ve won Japanese art on her baby bump and legs – happy. She the lottery.” became very depressed and even tried to take her life Callie met Paul on a night out two and half years ago on three occasions. and they finally got together a year ago. She says: “Suddenly, I didn’t know if people loved me In their modest three-bed terrace house in Working- for me. I thought the way to be loved and feel loved ton, Cumbria, the couple are now putting the finishing was to shower people with gifts. Having money was touches to the blue and white nursery. just slowly destroying me. “Last year, I sold my £70,000 home and now we live “I made bad choices with men and was partying to the in a rented house while we save up for a place of our point where I was totally out of control. When I look

66 | H mag

back at that time now, I’m horrified by the choices I own as made. When I think about the drugs and the suicide N i c k y attempts, it’s like I’m thinking about another person.” and I weren’t toHeartbreakingly, in 2010, Callie lost custody of her g e t h e r . children to Nicky. They now live with him, but Callie A n d when I sees them regularly. She says: “I have them two nights a week and, on those was predays, the four of us cuddle up on the sofa and watch g n a n t movies together. It’s then I feel at my happiest, as we’re with Debony, I a proper family. “I’ll leave it up to the kids to decide if they want to live think I with me when they’re older but, right now, the arran- knew Nicky wagement works for everyone.” She adds: “With Paul, I know it’s real love and I feel sn’t the very blessed to have found him. He’s helped me find man for the confidence I lacked. Every day he tells me how me. So,

Callie was earning £3.60 an hour as a shop assistant when she scooped £1.9million in 2003. Two weeks after her win, she met Nicky, 29. They went on to have two children together, but the pair had a rocky relationship and Callie became hooked on cocaine. amazing I am – and that’s with me having barely a penny to my name. He loves me for being me. He also gave me the confidence to go back to college to study beauty.” Callie says Paul was “utterly delighted” when she told him she was pregnant and adds: “He broke out into the biggest smile I’ve ever seen.” And Paul didn’t flinch when doctors revealed Callie was expecting twins. She says: “I had a sneaking suspicion, as I felt so different from the first two times I was pregnant. “My bump just seemed to appear so quickly and was so much bigger than when I had the other two. Plus, twins run in mine and Paul’s families. It was so emotional – we were both so happy. Obviously a big part of me is petrified, not only financially, but medically too, as there are risks involved with having twins.” But, aside from struggling with fatigue, she has loved every minute of her pregnancy.

this time it’s like I’m experiencing the joy all mumsto-be should go through. It’s not just my baby, it’s our baby. “I’ve not even minded that with twins comes double everything – double morning sickness and double the amount of kicks they give you. I’ve also been having strange cravings and eating around six packets of Softmints a day, as well as continually cleaning the house. I love the smell of Cif cleaner!” Amazingly, 5ft 2 Callie has put on just 3st during her pregnancy, going from 7½st to 10½st. She says: “I have a small build and was a little underweight before I fell pregnant. I haven’t really put on much weight anywhere else – I’m all bump.But, even if I’d ballooned, I wouldn’t have cared this time.

“With the other two, I’d be frantic if even the slightest sign of a stretch mark appeared. But when I started “It really is like I’m having a baby for the first time,” she getting them on my tummy this time, I just embraced says. “When I was pregnant with Kian, I was on my them.” H mag | 67

Written by Elizabeth Rose

DRINKS & FOOD

How Many Calories Are in a Chocolate Ice Cream

he average American consumes almost 6 gallons of ice cream and other frozen dairy treats per year, and much of that is chocolate. You can enjoy chocolate ice cream in a healthy diet, if you eat it in moderation. Types

Chocolate ice cream comes in

regular, premium, reduced-fat and fat-free varieties. You can buy chocolate ice cream with additions such as nuts, marshmallow, caramel, chocolate chunks and other treats; these generally increase the calorie count.

Basic Nutrition A half-cup serving of regular chocolate ice cream has 143 calories, 19 grams of carbohydrates,

3 grams of protein and 7 grams of fat, most of which is saturated. A half-cup serving of premium chocolate ice cream contains 250 calories, 25 grams of carbohydrates, 4 grams of protein and 14 grams fat, 10 grams of which are saturated. A half-cup of 98 percent fat-free ice cream only contains 92 calories, 21 grams of carbohydrates and 1 gram of fat. Most of the calories that do not come from fat in chocolate ice cream come from sugar. Vitamins and Minerals As a dairy product, chocolate ice cream contains calcium. A half-cup serving of regular chocolate ice cream provides 72 mg of this bone-building mineral. Youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll also get 19 mg of magnesium, 164 mg of potassium, 275 IU vitamin A and a trace amounts of many other vitamins and minerals.

How To Make a Chocolate Ice Cream Ingredients Needed Condensed Milk - 3/4 tin of 400 gms Coco powder - 4 tsp Milk - 1/2 liter Sugar - 1/2 cup Cream - 200 gms Method to prepare Boil the milk and let it simmer till it thickens. In a bowl, take the cocoa powder, slowly add some milk to get a lump less liquid. Then add this cocoa milk to the boiling pan. Add sugar to the milk, check for sweetness. Continue to cook till the milk is quite thick and on 70 | H mag

cooling it becomes thick sauce. In a bowl that you can use a hand blender, take the chocolate sauce, add the condensed milk. At first speed run it for couple of times. Finally add the whipped cream, fold it into the base Transfer to a aluminum bowl, so that it sets faster. After 1 hour of setting, remove and whip it again using the blender. Continue doing this for 3 -4 times about every 1 hour or so. Finally put it back to set for over 4 -5 hours depending on your freezer. Once it is set, scoop out the chocolate ice cream and serve topped with chocolate chips.

TIPS

Written by Denise Collins

How To Effectively Audition

Honestly, there’s no excuse for being unprepared for an audition. Mostly because, as the audition assessor, I send you multiple copies of an audition packet that has more information than you could possibly imagine in it.

art of my job consists of traveling around the South and holding auditions for our company’s summer staff. I love auditions. Let me re-phrase that: I love being in charge of auditions. I hate actually auditioning. It’s so uncomfortable. So awkward. So intimidating. People whom you are trying to impress sit behind an imposing table, glaring at you while you perform, writing notes, giving a little “thank you” murmur when you finish. They don’t even have the decency to tell you you didn’t the job. They post them somewhere for you to read. It’s so degrading. However, this is path we have chosen. If you want an acting job, you are going to have to audition at some point. I’ve seen a lot of these in my day, and I feel like I can give some pretty good advice to the casual to professional actor. Here are my tips:

1. Arm yourself with information.

So read it. (And, as a side note, if someone you are trying to get a job with sends you an email that contains an attachment, and you find yourself unable to open it, the thing to do is to email them back with a quick “hey, I couldn’t open that attachment, is there another way I can get this information?” Not showing up for your interview/audition and giving the excuse of “I couldn’t open that attachment!” Just a thought.)

2. Use your brain when choosing monologues.

f you are a professionally trained Shakespearean actor that has an incredible mastery over the langauge & iambic pentameter, then by all means, Ophelia your little heart out. Otherwise, stay away from the big dogs (Chekov, Shakespeare, Aeschylus).

3. Be prepared.

Here’s a tip for those that aren’t theater majors or don’t audition: it’s typically a good idea to have some monologues all up in your repertoire, just in case. You never know when you need to bust out the skills. Commit a couple of monologues to memory, then, when an audition is sprung upon you, you have material right there in your mind grapes, no need to stress. If you are a theater major, then you know better and either shame on you or shame on your professors.

There’s a reason these playwrights are famous: they write incredible plays that professionals do. Keep it in the stratosphere.

Perhaps this is your first audition. That’s ok. There is this incredible thing called the internet. And it can literally teach you anything. You want to fix the plumbing in your kitchen?

4. If you aren’t prepared, you better be freaking good.

find the lowest price for plane tickets? It’s a veritable smorgasbord. You need to learn how to fold a fitted sheet? Type that up in some search box and saddle up your ponies. Honestly, there’s no excuse for being unprepared for an audition. Mostly because, as the

If you are going to choose to NOT be prepared, you better give it your all when you are reading those monologues off the page. You better be freaking Sir Ian McKellan. Although Sir Ian McKellan would never come to an audition unprepared, so, you know, maybe take notes.

Google that mess. You want to

72 | H mag

audition assessor, I send you multiple copies of an audition packet that has more information than you could possibly imagine in it. It basically auditions for you.

H mag | 73

TIPS You better be acting the crap out of that monologue.

long as needed. Be flexible. It’s not rocket science, to be sure.

Holding a piece of paper in front of your face while you read in a monotone voice is not acting. Although I’m sure it passes in some establishments.

10.Be polite.

5. Topics to stay away from in your monologues:

a. Abortion

b. The first time you had sex and how bad you feel about it. c. Anything that involves a great deal of yelling. d. Anything that involves a great deal of whispering. e. Anything from a movie. You are auditioning for live theater. Not film. f. Anything you wrote yourself, unless you are Wm. Shakespeare or have graduated from an accredited playwriting program.

You’ve got style and pizazz. Get up there. Strut your stuff. Peacock, baby!

8. Act.

6. Plant your feet. That is all.

Seems simple, right? It’s what you’re here for. You would be amazed at the surprising number of auditionees that do the opposite, in that they recite words as themselves with a crazy emphasis or two. Think about your monologue. What are you trying to convey? Should you be smiling nervously in a death scene? No. Unless it is incredibly ironic.

9. Be easy.

7. Volunteer. Don’t wait for 40 minutes of terrible, awkward silence as NO ONE volunteers to go first. You’re prepared! 74 | H mag

Also sort of a given, right? Not usually. Look people in the eyes. Make conversation with other au-

Not that way. What I’m saying is: assessors are tired. They spend all day traveling to the audition site, eating crap food, watching terrible auditions from people who, for all intents and purposes, obviously do not give a crap. Know what you’re doing. Bring the needed material to the audition. Be able to stay as

ditionees. Introduce yourself with a handshake and smile. Be professional. Be courteous. This isn’t the Stone Age, and it’s also not a manners party. But that doesn’t mean you can’t lay down your awkwardness for 20 minutes and act like a professional. You’re an actor.

11. And last but not least, be good.

No amount of being nice or being prepared will save a flat dab bad audition. This is just the truth: some people are cut out to be high level college math professors, some people are cut out to be actors. Some people can be both and I resent them for it. So these are my tips. I’ll go ahead and put it out there that when I auditioned, I typically broke the majority of these, causing wonder and disbelief that I ever got an acting job. So, there’s that. But, as an assessor I’m much more inclined to hire someone who is pretty good (and was prepared, polite, etc.) than someone who obviously has a lot of raw talent and acted like they could have cared less.

H mag | 75

Written by Dorothy Heller

PETS

The Best

Pet Carrier

Pet carrier that is safe and keeps your pet out of harm’s way is an ideal choice. Your home, car, or even an airplane can all board this convenient accessory. They prove to be really helpful especially for small pets. It is the best means to keep them secure from other pets thus saving them from potential harm. So, it is important that a pet owner understands how necessary and purposeful these carriers are. There are a variety of basic attributes that the carriers must have. 1. Securely Hold Your Pet In order for your pet to remain secure, a quality carrier should come equipped with a belt to hold the pet in place. If you are traveling in a car, a quick jolt may bang them to the floor or slide them about uneasily. Therefore, it is vital that they remain secure to avoid any unwanted accidents. 2. Protect the Car Interiors To protect the inside of your car from getting destroyed, todays’ pet carriers come with a washable cover. These covers are practical and handy since they keep the interior of your car clean from pet hair and dirt.

they make great spacesavers and also ultra convenient. This makes them very practical and provides great flexibility. 5. Storage Compartments Pet accessories can be easily organized using the storage compartments to prevent frustration when trying to locate an item for your pet. A good quality pet carrier is long lasting and serves its purpose. Training your pets before traveling is necessary if they have never journeyed in a carrier before. Be understanding and help your pet adjust to the different and strange environment of a carrier; which may take a bit of time for them to adapt to. As you travel on out-of-town trips, your pet will enjoy going with you. And since it doesn’t matter what size your pet is, their carrier will accommodate them comfortably. If given a choice, your pet would always prefer traveling with you in lieu of staying home alone or in the care of someone unfamiliar.

Large pet carriers become your pet’s personal lair and 3. Provides a Comfortable Ride can comfortably accommodate your dog, cat, or rabbit The pet carrier puts your pet in safe hands. In addition, while you are traveling by plane, train, or automobile. you can get portable carriers equipped with handles at Generally, the size of the carrier should enable your the top so transporting your pet is substantially easier pet to move freely and to fully stand inside of it. This while traveling. It decreases stress if your pet is safe way, your animal friends will remain preoccupied and and sound and relaxed as you move it from one place amused throughout your long trips and prevent them to another. from chewing items they shouldn’t have. If you need a large pet carrier that keeps your pets 4. Convertible Pet Carriers secure; a wire pet crate is a good option. This carrier The primary reason for using a convertible pet carrier was made to ensure the security and comfort of your is to allow your pet to be transferred safely from one pets while presenting a practical means for you to place to another. Convertible pet carriers fold down so take your precious pets everywhere you roam. 78 | H mag

BOOKS

egan Cooking for Carnivores by Roberto Martin is a good primer for those interested in learning the basics of vegan cooking. Martin covers breakfast, lunch, dinner, sauces and snacks. Trained at the Culinary Arts Institute, he has no formal training in vegetarian/vegan cooking. When Hired by Portia and Ellen to be their personal chef, he simply adopted both his and their favorite recipes into vegan dishes. This is the most valuable take away from the book--that many (my words--not all recipes can be converted) meat or dairy based dishes can be made vegan when you learn what plant based ingredients can be substituted for meat or dairy.

Written by Martin Tucker

Roberto Martin grew up in a Mexican-American family of 15. While in college he worked in a restaurant, fell in love with cooking and attended the Culinary Institute of America. He became a personal chef to celebrities, and has focussed on nutrition and health. Now he cooks exclusively vegan meals for Ellen DeGeneres and Portia de Rossi. He appears frequently on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and on the show’s website.

Definition of vegan food A vegan will not eat any animal products, for example: No meat, fish nor other products that come directly from killing an animal, such as animal fats and gelatine. No dairy products such as cows milk, cheese and yoghurt; nor goats milk. No eggs nor foods containing eggs such as Quorn. No honey. 80 | H mag

Martin uses tofu, beans, faux meat substitutes, vegan mayonnaise, butter and cheese, and milk substitutes like soy and almond to make dishes that will appeal “to carnivores.” He does not include a recipe to make your own seitan--a basic vegetarian protein--however. In other words, he keeps it simple. Most of the recipes are easy with no cumbersome list of ingredients...that said, for those of you who might like to be more adventurous, this might not be for you. This cookbook is a primer... seasoned vegans may still get something out of it, but it is aimed at beginners or people who like to eat simply. Breakfasts include different pancakes, waffles, tofu scrambles. I was surprised that I didn’t see any smoothies. All looked good and would appeal to most. Lunch included a good basic recipe for tofu egg salad--tofu, pickles, scallion, celery, vegan mayo, mustard...I tried the grilled vegetable sandwich and it was quite good. (Although he goes to great lengths to make the French bread just right....I would do it much more easily.) Apparently, his Red Beans and Rice dish are Portia and Ellen’s favorite...they have it every Monday. I haven’t made it yet, but it look quite good--batsmati rice, beans, faux sausage, some veggies and spices. Easy and easy to get ingredients. I did try the Mexican style rice and beans with tomato and avocado to be eaten with tortillas and it was delicious. He recommends store bought vegetarian stock for many of his recipes and while it is good, I would recommend making your own. It isn’t difficult--save your veggie scraps--freezing them until you have a nice pile. Boil them for an hour or so, discard solids... voila! Stock! freeze in 1-2 cups containers. Much, much better than anything you can buy.