Blue Space: Hana Robinson Thesis Proposal

b l u e . a thesis proposal by hana robinson.

kansas state university. fall 2017.

“

the water understands civilization well; it wets my foot, but prettily, it chills my life, but wittily, it is not disconcerted, it is not broken-hearted: well used, it decketh joy.�

c o n t e n t

01 project overview

06 design synthesis

09 Project Introduction

91 concept development

13 Goals and Objectives

105 schematic design

15 Design Strategy

151 design development

02 research & theories

07 final proposal

161 entry & master plan

19 Blue Mind

165 zoning

35 Blue Rooms

167 final plans

173 user mapping

177 building walk through

205 design details

03 site & building analysis

39 regional context

43 user profiles

08 code

45 site context/analysis

53 building analysis

09 resources

04 precedents

57 the big island

59 gotha swimming hall

63 eskisehir hotel & spa

67 scandinave les bain vieux

71 community center analysis

05 design guidelines

75 programatic development

83 experiential development

209 code

243 bibliography

01

project overview This project will explore how water and architecture can impact human happiness, connections, and wellness. I propose that through rennovating an iconic community space as an aquatic center a community can begin to heal, grow, and promote happiness in an urban environment.

project introduction WHY WATER? From the begining of time human’s have had a connection to water. Our cells, organs, and tissues all use water to regulate temperatures and other basic bodily functions. We can only survive 8-10 days without consuming it.

The first civilizations were all built around water. As we developed tools and created water sharing systems the importance of living in proximity to water became less important. As populations grew and we learned to cultivate the land, civilizations began to expand further and further away from the water sources.

Civilizations worldwide would then continue to develop further away from their water sources. As we’ve expanded, our concern for the quality and access to water has become secondary to that of industrialization or technology.

As we’ve evolved, the basic need to consume water has remained apparent, however our psychlogical desire to remain close has remained under explored. People haven’t understood that we need to be in proximity to water,

because we’ve never been so removed from it.

Research in regards to the pyschological benefits of water is limited, but conclusive. Water heals. Water generates happiness. Water has an inexplainable connection to people that goes deeper than we’re aware of.

As a society we’ve lost our connection to water. It may not be feasible to give every person a view of the ocean or a river through their backyard, but everyone should have access to spaces that connect them to water.

ARCHITECTURE & WATER TODAY There are a variety of architectural spaces that exist with water, ranging from bath houses or spas to aquairums to water parks to competitve swimming spaces.

However there are few of these spaces that work in combination with eachother and nature. These spaces often lack an aquatic diversity. Even less are designed with a cities culture in mind.

Water is fluid, it adapts to it’s shell but

project introduction

(CON’T) isn’t restricted to it. Oceans, rivers, lakes, all have unique characteristics that appeal to invidividual, however current aquatic environments are built in a way that evoke a sense of structure and are typically stamped with identical aquatic experiences across the country. This isn’t the way water is meant to be experienced.

A day spent on the beach in North Carolina should create a different experience than Miami. Though both experiences should be positive, they have unique culutral implications.

An aquatic center should react similarly to it’s location, in a way that connects with its location.

Spas and Aquatic centers also typically have very different environments that don’t neccessarily work together. Price points and experiences don’t coincide when weighing the options between a spa or an acquatic outing. Choosing one

or the other would define two completely different experiences, but going to spend a day on the beach could align with either goal. Natural aquatic spaces have mastered the relaxation in combination with exercise and and entrtainment.

PROJECT INTENTIONS The intent of this project is to supply communities that have been removed from natural aquatic environments, with a dynamic aquatic center that is unique to their community.

By combining a series of nature based and designed aquatic spaces into one environment, people will be able to connect once again with water. The community can have a space that unites and enriches their lives.

This adaptation of a modern day watering hole can begin to solve societal issues such as stress, depression, unhealthy physical lifestyles, and even cultural gaps.

Spending the time to submerge oneself in water is shown to reduce stress and aid in clarity of the mind, while consumption can lead to healthier skin and mental relief. Physical exercise within water, such as swimming, is often a full body workout, however, it remains low impact.

This means that unnatural wear and tear on one’s body is highly less likely.

Because it is low impact makes it easier for all. Whether someone is young, old or, disabled, the water allows more fluid movements with less room for injury.

Water is one space that allows a level of inclusivity that is otherwise unmatched.

It connects us all. This is just beginning to scrape the surface of what the variety of interactions with water can provide in terms of wellness.

Not only will this space set a standard or precedent for spaces to come but it will act as a way to fill a void in society today, where we are desperately needing a space to help us connect to ourselves and community in a new way. As technology has evolved we have not

continued to evolve every element of our life to accommodate for the gaps that it creates. In a world where all knowledge is seemingly at our fingertips it seems as though we are failing to actually take care of ourselves.

Water is a universal language and offers many unique forms and spatial and healing properties. Architecture combined with water will be able to aid society in a healing process that is long overdue. This space will begin to not only provide communities with a space where they will be able to focus on a holistic health but where they can connect to their cultural history and each other. By positively encouraging healthy living through engaging water activities and spaces, society’s unbalanced, stress filled lives can begin to encompass a more holistic and happy lifestyle.

By filling the abandoned Randall Park Mall in cleveland, a modern day watering hole is created. As this site was built

with positive intentions and was quickly turned into a crime ridden environment, the site itself can be revitalized through the incorporation of water. We begin to create health within the environment, community and individuals. The opportunity to define a city’s culture and make each space unique depending on location will also encourage other cities to mimic this center.

Lastly, the programatic elements of this space should be unique to any other space and may act as a combination of a spa, aquatic center, small scale aquarium, or park. Different restorative, and engaging spaces will be selected based on the culture and demographics of the city.

Though water has many healing and positive traits, less than 44% of American’s are unable to swim. This can lead to discomfort, or stress when approaching aquatic environments. It also implies that the users may have limited interactions

with a deep pool, or full submerssion.

This also indicates that an educational system should be offered within this space. However, there are different ways to interact with water that increase people’s comfort level without a formal lesson. Practicing actions suchas running forwards or backwards within chest high water, laying your head back in water or jumping in in an area where you can touch can help to lead people to be more comfortable within an aquatic environment.

Therefore, further demographic analysis will determine the series of aquatic interactions within the space.

Lastly, as this space is meant to connect culturally to the community it will be in combination with a dining element. This creates a larger appeal, and provides an opportunity for engaging observation as well as a complete experience. People that are less comfortable can begin to aquaint themselves through observation.

goals and

USER EXPERIENCE prov i de a n a qu at ic cen ter w here o ccu pan t s can deve lo p b o t h happy an d ho l is t ical l y heal t hy l ives Objective: Create an experience that can provide opportunities to be both physical and relaxing for both groups and individuals Objective: Create an environment that engages occupants through all senses

BUILDING FUNCTION Re vi tal i ze a n a ba n d o n e d bu il din g in a way t hat heal s a co m m u n i t y Objective: Combine architecture and water in a way that connects the space and the occupants Objective: Chose an untilized site that holds a connection to the community

objectives

DESIGN MATTER Create an i m m ers i ve a n d u niq u e ex per ien ce w it h water t hat w i ll h o l d th e ca pa bi li t y to c rea te a “ mo der n day water in g ho l e.�

Objective: Create a series of visual, auditory and kinesthetic environments that incorporate positive technology usage for unmatched aquatic interaction Objective: Create a point of social gathering that is unique to the communities cultural values through form configuration, selection of materiality and color scheme.

CRITICAL ISSUE Imp rove t he m e n ta l, e m o t io n al , phys ical , en viro n men tal and c u ltu ra l welln es s of o ccu pan t s t hro u g h a co n n ect io n to wate r Objective: Design an inclusive environment that creates a community culture Objective:Create innovative and customized water experiences, that individuals with varying comfort levels can still feel safe and connected

experiential design principals

a journey through concept design

architecture design

experiential design

human immersion

interaction design

phsyical space

design strategy Combination of Evidence Based & User Experience Design: In User experience design the designer must account for the needs, expectations, experiences, and perspectives of both the individuals and groups who use it. Evidence based design however focuses primarily on building an environment that is centered on hard facts and logistics.

The integration of these two processes:

1 2 3 4 5 6

Identify & Define the problem/solution: Understand the problem from a user’s perspective.

Identify the greatest areas for opportunity Develop a range of concepts for user’s through their perspective Develop a hypothesis in the form of a built environment Build Launch: Implement the design with supplementary training to ensure the space is used correctly

As this is hypothetical, the last two phases will remain implied, not complete.

02

research & theories Through a variety of resources I have gathered a diverse data set which explains our connection to water and the realtionship between culture, our brains and aquatic environments.

1

introduction: determining a happiness baseline

2

problem: understanding societal issues and concerns

3

research: understanding our responses to water

4 blue mind Blue mind is a concept developed by Wallace J. Nichols. Nichols conducts experiements to interpret the connections between neuroscience, happieness and water. His data is a culmination of self reported experiences: how people feel around water and the effects they notice, studies of cognitive effects of water and nature with a deeper analysis of human responses to the color blue along with aquatics, and a look neuroscience, microbiology, microchemistry and human’s cognitive responses/connections to water.

His findings have enforce the concpet that as humans we desire a connection to water and that by providing this connect we can begin to provide a source of relaxation, happiness and mindfulness.

Nichols published a book titled: “Blue Mind: The Surprising Science That Shows How Being Near, In, On, or Under Water Can Make You Happier, Healthier, More Connected, and Better at What You Do” in 2014 and has largely influenced the direction and research of this hypothesis.

research: blue mind principles

1 science of happiness “feel good” chemicals

Oxytocin | “love chemical”.

This is stimulated through trust and touch, motivates us to find connections to others, released when engaging in physical touch.

Serotonin | safety of social trust, stimulated by trust and truth, “I won” reward chemical, drives our competive nature, when we “win”, we are rewarded with serotonin, similar to dopamine.

Endorphins | masks pain with euphoria, released in order to surpess pain, both emotional and physical, also released during laughing and exercise, related to genetics and differ between each person, hence the happiness baseline.

Dopamine | energizes you in a new way to meet a need, response to rewards, provides motivation and encourages you to pursue interests.

happiness baseline patterns happiness potential

habitual | experiences become less joyful the more habitual it becomes.

For example, if you walk on the beach every day it becomes less joyful because it is so regular. It may increase your happiness baseline, making you a generally happier person, but as your brain searches for a chemical release, it will find itself lacking.

irregular | experiences can maintain a high level of fullfillment if they are repeated irregularly under different circumstances. For example, if some days you walk on the beach, some days you run, and some days you skip the beach all together, the joy associated with the activity will last longer.

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1

happiness baseline

variety | experiences that are adjusted or slightly varried regularly is the best way to continue to reach a higher level of happiness. For example, if you go on a walk on the beach one day, then go to the beach to spend time with your friends, the experience is varied and stimulating in multiple ways leading you to your highest joy potential.

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blue mind

introduction: determining a happiness baseline

10% situational

40% actions

50% genetic predisposition

happiness baseline defined, nature and happiness In “Blue Mind,” Nichols discuses the principles of happiness. When understanding human happiness it is important to understand the “happiness baseline” or “set point,” as well as how to create experiences that continually bring joy to people.

Each category works together throughout life to develop a happiness baseline. Though seperate, these elements are not mutually exclusive and can impact each other. Economics can impact a person’s experiences, or a genetic predisposition can impact someone’s relationship status, etc.

Though our baseline is largely dependepnt upon our genetics, a large portion of our happiness is dependent upon our actions. Meaning, the activities participated in compose a large portion of people’s joy. In comparision, situational happiness accounts for 10% of our happiness, (IE: age, ethnicity, marital status, etc). Genetics determine a base point that people bounce back to in times of stress, or life changes, however the actions taken begin to alter that baseline.

Additional studies in Nichol’s book measured positve chemical releases (in the brain) in response to urban and natural spaces. Nature scenes produced greater activity in the basal ganglia, (part of brain triggered by happy faces and pleasant memories). Natural spaces also activated the brain’s reward systems, proving that meerly viewing nature supports physiological wellness. Though nature recorded more “happiness” than urban space, coastal spaces produced the most “happy chemicals.”

1 case studies the importance of blue

A study done in Japan observed people playing video games next to colored partitions. When people were gaming next to a blue partition, their heart beat was more regular, the reported feeling less fatigued and clausterphobic than those who sat next to a red or yellow partition.

In Derbyshire, England a local quarry pool is such a vibrant blue that it recieved the nickname: “blue lagoon, quarry pool. Signs surround the pool with warnings suchas: Do not enter, high PH levels can cause skin and eye irritations, stomach problems, fungal infections, think, would you swim in ammonia or bleach, well they have similar PH levels to the Blue Lagoon (pH 11.3), known to contain: car wrecks, dead animals, excrement, rubbish. However because of the vibrant blues of the water, the warnings were continually ignored. It was not until they died the water black that it went unused.

Experiments looking into wavelengths of colors even found blue to have more positive reactions than other colors. Exposure to the wavelength of blue (475 nanometers), shows physical, cognitive and emotional benefits. It was found that blue wavelengths exert a calming, relaxaing energizing effect. It stimulated positive emotional responses in participants.

In Japan suicide is a large issue and jumping in front of trains is one way in which this was being acted upon.

The government replaced the lights in all the railway stations with blue light. They also did this in high crime areas. Crime rates dropped 9% and suicide attempts in these train stations ceased entirely. The calming effects of blue have been proven to increase cognition.

By leading people to think more clearly and positively, the color blue can save lives.

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blue mind

introduction: happiness & environment case studies

case study “mappiness” by George MacKerron As mentioned, there have been man studies that measure the brain’s reaction to different environments. One of the largest studies was directed

by George MacKerron through an app he developed called: Mappiness.

Mappiness is a free app that analysizes location, and characteristics of user’s surroundings in relationship to their happiness. It notifies user’s twice a day and asks pointed questions suchas: how happy you feel, how awake, how relaxed, what type of people are you with (work, friends, family), indoors or outdoors, what activities are you doing, etc. The app uses the micrphone within the phone to briefly measure noise levels and as users answer the questions, the iphone’s GPS notifies the mappiness HQ of the specific location the user is within. The process takes approximately 20s and responds with feedback, it tells user’s how happy they are, using a happiness

point system, where postive answers give user’s more points, the higher the points, the higher the happiness.

When Blue Mind’s was published, in 2014, the survey had 1.1 million responses (3.5 million responses in Jan. 2017), concluding clearly that people were happier when outdoors than in any urban environment and that there is a very strong correlation to where we are and our respective happiness. Maintaining a connection to nature was unique in that it ALWAYS related to happiness.

Marine and coastal regions reported a 5.2% raise to user’s happiness ratings, and recorded the most positive responses. This further enforced the notion that the natural environment (specifically water) leads people to positivity or joy.

12:00AM 11:00AM 10:00AM 1:00 PM

During a typical work day, the average person checks their phone 24 times.

That averages out to about 3 times an hour. A person usually spends half an hour responding to messages or “liking” things on social networking sites, and stoping work to check social media about 5 times. On top of that individuals will stop to surf the web 5 seperate times, leaving the average person about 15 minutes each hour in which they can work.

3:00 PM

2:00 PM

*When Wallace speaks about “drowning in a sea of over simulation,” he’s referring to people’s depedency on technology, and he’s not wrong. Technology + coffee + sugar + brighter lights + loud, fast music x fast paced lifestyle = downward red mind spiral.

4:00 PM

[Our] primary perceptions [of our environments are] almost entirely filtered through human construction, sidewalks, roads, cars, - built work, music, tv ,internet, reading, prepared meals that taste nothing like their original ingredients, perfumes, soaps, household products, touch screens, plastic, processed materials but nothing is natural. We’re separating ourselves from the natural world. All of these things are useful, [however these are being used as the] wrong key to a lock installed by evolution. Study after study as well as personal experience says that the over stressed over stimulated mind find greater relief in the more subtle perceptions of a park, forest, beach or riverbank.” - Wallace Nichols, Blue Minds

9:00 AM

societal pressures change the equation

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x

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red 25 blue mind

problem: understanding societal issues and concerns

2

red mind the science of stress Opposite blue mind, Wallce defines a stressful state of mind as “red mind.” This is defined as our physiological stess response. It was originally in place to help us survive. It’s an essential state of mind when escpaing predators and/or finding/ fighting for mates. However, people are now commonly exposed to non-life threatening stressors but the same biological system is activated. Wallace gives the example: The same physiological stress response used to run away from a lion in the Serengeti is activated when the mortage bill shows up in the mail. People today are faced with smaller scale stressors regularly, activating the stress response system in a way it wasn’t meant to function, this keeps us in an

agitated place. Being stressed can affect our ability to learn and create new memories. It depletes doapmine and serotonin levels, which leaves us feeling flat, exhausted, and depressed.

Stress that lasts longer than 21 days can impair the part of our brain that allows higher level thinking.

In addition, it makes the fear and aggression center of our brain more active. Red mind can also lead to memory problems, anxiety, loss of sex drive, autoimmunie disesase, reliance upon drugs or alcohol and ultimately depression. Prolonged exposure to stress horomones increase the odds of premature mortality. Stress kills. Oops. Here we go again, stressing out.

water perceptions positive: pyschological responses Different spiritual, cultural or enivornmental backgrounds mean that our emotional responses to water can vary vastly. People who have had a near drowning experience will have a different emotional response to being in water than someone who grew up along a beach with appropriate lessons. However, most people maintain a comfort level with water (think of showers, baths, washing one’s face or hands) and when within that comfort level it has been proven that catacholamine (a stress response chemical) levels decrease. Meaning, just by being in the water we begin to relax.

Earlier the happiness baseline principals were introduced. Here it was explained that experiences which bring us joy are more impactful and likely to continually bring us joy if they are changing.

Because water is an unpredictable environment and ever changing, it satisfies unique areas of our mind and helps to ensure that whatever activity we are participating in within the water, it is not naturally habitual. This is especially helpful for those dealing with addiction. Because whater can provide a variety of experiences and is irregular in nature, it can provide the feel good chemicals that drugs produce and help to satisfy those cravings.

Kid’s have especially strong reactions to aquatics as its highly sensory. The visual and physical sensory engagement is complex and if engaged safely standing within shoulder deep water can produce a sensation comparable to an “ultimate hug”. Because of the sensory level and physical engagement this releases a variety of feel good chemicals in all ages, meaning water connectivity is one of the most stimulating experiences humans are able to engage with.

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blue mind

research: understanding our responses to water

water perceptions positive: physical responses Physical exercise has been proven time and time again to be one of the best forms stress relief and acts of wellness. Combining areobic exercise with water can provide higher levels of wellness as the pressure/resistance of water natually provides additional physical benefits. The desnity change of water ensures that aquatic exercises are low impact on one’s body, helping to minimize exercise related injury. Simpler movements or exercises can provide physical benefits just by being in the water.

The pressure of water forces blood away from extremities towards heart and lungs, pumping blood more efficiently, thus circulating 30% more blood throught the body.

Aquatic aerobic exercises strengthen respitory muscles and improve respitory effeciency due to the pressures and rythmic breathing often required with aquatic exercises.

Moving in water is not a movement that comes naturally to most, therefore even simple movements require more mind-body cordination as well as heightened physical cordination. This dual relationship also helps with athetlicism and coordination when doing dry exercises as well.

This builds a stronger brain chemistry in addition to stronger physical characteristics.

Sixty-seven percent of people who considered themselves “poor swimmers” fell below the income level of 49,999. Cultural differences of water perception also plays a factor in the ability to swim. Due to segration of swimming pools in the 50’s-60’s, (while swimming was developing rapidly as a sport and gaining popularity) american’s of ethnic backgrounds were denied access. There were even segregation laws against certain spaces in rivers or lakes. Children with ethnic backgrounds turned to more dangerous spaces in order to swim. This lead to many drownings, as the children were also primarily self-taught swimmers.

From this, stereotypes developed. The repricussions of this are still prominent in today’s society, and many buy into myths about race being linked to swimming ability. Though body type and muscle index can play a factor in one’s ability to move in the water, it does not disqualify or make swimming impossible.

According to the BBC there are reccords of the first three three cultures who created swimming strokes used swimming as a competition. Greeks, Romans, and Africans. Meanwhile in northern Europe, few could swim. This was a result of the cold water temperatures but also at this time there were rumors of a large water monster that scared off many potential swimmers. The ability to swim is very closely tied to one’s comfort in water. So how do we make everyone comfortable?

US percentages of “strong swimmers”

water perceptions demographics vs. comfort levels

31%

42%

58%

african american | strong swimmers hispanic, latino | strong swimmers caucasian | strong swimmers

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blue mind

research: understanding our responses to water

water perceptions interaction analysis When introducing someone to the water, there are different “check points” of submerssion that can represent a person’s comfort level in the water. In order for someone to be able to swim successfully, they must first reach each check point with complete comfort.

Because there are such few strong swimmers in the US, understanding these check points and taking the time to create comfort in swimmers at each level will be a criticcal element of design.

1. Hands and feet 2. Waist 3. Chest 4. Shoulders 5. Neck 6. Chin 7. Partial Face submerssion (1 ear, one eye, mouth, nose & top of head) 8. Nose 9. Top of head

This can be achieved through a variety of submersive

environments that interact with users on different levels. For exmaple: zero entry, vertical showers, horizontal showers, wade pools, seated swimming.

Everyone can float, however a significant amount of the population believe that because of their ethnicity, muscle index, etc, that they cannot. There is a fear that comes along with being in the water as it is not our most natural environment. This fear leads to a tense form that impairs swimming abilities. Therefore, the most effective way to teach people how to float or swim is by teaching them to feel comfortable in the water. Beginning phases of this include getting one’s ears wet, submerging the back of one’s head, walking backwards, blowing bubbles in the water or jumping into a shallow area.

There are experience, but rather a series of smaller less intrusive experiences should guide visitors in. aquatic water.

Design Implications This means that upon entry of this space a large intimidating pool must not be the first experiences such as vertical showers integrated into shallow pools that help to acquaint unsure swimmers.

blue mind the blue mind Rx statement “...In addition to fostering more widely documented ecological, economic, and cultural diversities, our mental well-being, emotional diversity, and resiliency also rely on the global ecological integrity of our waters.

Blue space gives us half of our oxygen, provides billions of people with jobs and food, holds the majority of Earth’s biodiversity including species and ecosystems, drives climate and weather, regulates temperature, and is the sole source of hydration and hygiene for humanity throughout history.

Neuroscientists and psychologists add that the ocean and wild waterways are a wellspring of happiness and relaxation, sociality and romance, peace and freedom, play and creativity, learning and memory, innovation and insight, elation and nostalgia, confidence and solitude, wonder and awe, empathy and compassion, reverence and beauty — and help manage trauma, anxiety, sleep, autism, addiction, fitness, attention/ focus, stress, grief, PTSD, build personal resilience, and much more.

Chronic stress and anxiety cause or intensify a range of physical and mental afflictions, including depression, ulcers, colitis, heart disease, and more. Being on, in, and near water can be among the most cost-effective ways of reducing stress and anxiety.”

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blue mind principles

blue mind primary points “We encourage healthcare professionals and advocates for the ocean, seas, lakes, and rivers to go deeper and incorporate the latest findings, research, and insights into their treatment plans, communications, reports, mission statements, strategies, grant proposals, media, exhibits, keynotes, and educational programs and to consider the following simple talking points:

3. All people should have safe access to salubrious, wild, biodiverse waters for wellbeing, healing, and therapy.

1. Water is the essence of life: The ocean, healthy rivers, lakes, and wetlands are good for our minds and bodies.

5. Wild waters can serve as medicine for caregivers, patient families, and all who are part of patients’ circles of support.

2. Research shows that nature is therapeutic, promotes general health and well-being, and blue space in both urban and rural settings further enhances and broadens cognitive, emotional, psychological, social, physical, and spiritual benefits.

6. . Realization of the full range and potential magnitude of ecological, economic, physical, intrinsic, and emotional values of wild places requires us to understand, appreciate, maintain, and improve the integrity and purity of one of our most vital of medicines — water.”

4. Aquatic biodiversity has been directly correlated with the therapeutic potency of blue space. Immersive human interactions with healthy aquatic ecosystems can benefit both.

― Wallace J. Nichols, Blue Mind

“

Blue mind is the mildly meditative state we fall into w h e n n e a r, i n , o n o r u n d e r w a t e r.

I t ’s t h e a n t i d o te to w h a t w e r e f e r t o a s “ r e d m i n d ,” w h i c h is the anxious, over-connected and over-stimulated state that defines the new normal of modern life.

Research has proven that spending time near the water is essential to achieving an elevated and sustained h a p p i n e s s . . .”

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blue rooms & blue gyms BLUE ROOMS The concept of bluerooms is a concept most famously written about by researcher John Jerome. In 1997 Jerome published a book about his travels and the impact of aquatic spaces, to which he coins the term: bluerooms. Jerome explores the idea that water is not just a commodity or resource, but a setting. Whether it’s Oklahoma swimming holes or the Caribbean, Jerome explored how those bodies of water work with other natural elements to create dynamic environments, and experiences. Jerome defines whether or not a natural body of water is a medium for escape or pleasure, creating a set of loosely defined archetypes that are defined by the emotions they evoke or the experiences they provide.

Jerome considers every detail when analysing these environments. He looks at the physics of the streams, the dynamics of cannoing compared to open swimming and the psychological implications all of these hold. He creates a vocabulary and a systematic way that helps to understand natural water spaces and how those translate into environments in a way that can be replicated.

BLUE GYM INITIATIVE The Blue Gym Initiative was a study that began by taking students to a coast for an hour each day. Here the students were allowed to participate in any activity as long as it involved the sea. The results were undeniable. Every student reported an increase in calmness, positivity and measured overall healthier lives.

blue rooms oceans | rivers | lakes

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site and building analysis

regional context cleveland, ohio Cleveland is located in Cuyahoga County.

It is Ohio’s second largest city and includes a metropolitan area that includes Medina, Geauga, Lake, and Cuyahoga counties as well. Today, Cleveland and it’s metropolitan area are emerging as it’s business districts develop alongside cultural institutions and major professional sports teams.

The climate is influenced by the west to northerly winds off Lake Erie. Summers are moderately warm and humid, winters relatively cold and cloudy. There is a large fluctionation of snowfall ranging from 45in. on the west side of the county, and 90in. on the east. Thuderstorms bring damaging winds of 50 mph. Tornadoes are frequent.

Cleveland extends 31 miles along the south shore of Lake Erie and is surrounded by “generally level terrain except for an abrupt ride taht rises 500 feet above the shore on the easter edge of the city (City-Data.com).”

The Cuyhaoga river, (where Cleveland was originally centered around) bisects the city from the north to the south.

Area: 82.42 square miles (2000) Elevation: most of the city is on a level plain 60 to 80 feet above Lake Erie Average Temperatures: January, 25.7° F; July, 71.9° F; annual average, 49.6° F Average Annual Precipitation: 38.71 inches of rain; 55.8 inches of snow” city-data.com

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cuyahoga county

population density

regional history cleveland, ohio Cleveland, Ohio was originally founded by the Connecticut Land Company. It began developing along the Cuyahoga River, however this process was slow. The land began sales in 1796 and by 1800 only three men lived in the area. In ten years there were only 57 residents.

This slow development was largely in response to the lack of roads to the area, despite the proximities to Lake Erie. After 1812, money was being invested into road improvements and the community was able develop the harbor for the community. This lead to a jump in Cleveland’s population.

Cleveland then developed into a “market town,” where farmers could sell their crops in exchange for goods from the east. By 1820, the city was experiencing an entirely new growth due to new transportation development.

Construction of the Ohio and Erie canals, the invention of the steamboat and railroad advances lead to Cleveland’s population rising from below 1,000 to over 40,000. Cleveland was officially a major city.

Later in the 19th century, Cleveland became important and highly industrial. Located in proximity to large deposits of coal and iron ore, they city prospered. The introduction of large oil companies and iron production made Cleveland a city of economic importance as well. This largely industrial environment meant that 28% of Cleveland’s workforce was found on the steel mills. As the great depression impacted both steel and oil companies significantly, nearly one-third of Cleveland’s workers were laid off, introducing a new level of poverty to the community.

Places like Euclid Beach Park (or Coney Island), deemed Cleveland a leader in cultural and social activities among northern Ohio.

After World War 2, Cleveland’s population peaked at 1 million people. Since this period Cleveland’s population has steadily decreased.

Cleveland has been home to a professional football, baseball and basketball team, creating a large and dynamic fan base. Currently, Cleveland is emerging again as an important

cleveland ohio basic demographics total population

388,072 individuals below poverty line

36.2% median household income

$26,150

age distribution

0-17 years

23.2%

18-34 years

25.7%

35-54 years

25.7%

55-64 years

12.8%

65 years & older

12.7% % of residents

education attainment of adults

attending college

6.1% 77.4%

high school grads college graduates

15.6% % of residents

race & enthnic diversity

white

34.1%

black or african american

50.8%

asian

2%

some other race alone

2%

hispanic or latino

10.5% % of residents

8 YEAS OLD

MIA

17 years old

KINSLEY

ENTP Inventive, enthusiastic, strategic, enterprising, inquisitive, versatile.

Enjoy’s new ideas and challenges, values inspiration

ITSJ Responsible, sincere, analytical, reserved, realistic, systematic, hardworking and trustowrthy with sound and practical judgement.

Daily: Elementary School, Day Care

Daily: High School, Work

Swim Level: No lessons, intriguied and excited about water

Swim Level: Near drowning experience when younger, terrified of water above waist level

user Profiles Based on the demographics of the area, understanding of the M e ye r’s B r i g g s p e rs o n a l i t y t y p e s , a n d t h e va r i et y of co m fo r t levels/ impact of life experiences on swimming, I developed 6 user profiles to better understand the needs of an urban blue space, and to better understand the style of narrative I will be telling.

24 years old

LIAM

ESFJ Friendly, outgoing, reliable, conscientious, organized, pratical.

Seeks to be helpful and please others, enjoy being active and prodcutive Daily: Work (on site), Exercise Swim Level: Average swimmer, minimal technical skills, lessons when younger, comfortable in water

43

31 years old

NORA

ISFJ Warm, considerate, gentle, responsible, pragmatic, thorough.

Devoted caretaker who enjoys being helpful to others.

Daily: Work (Nurse), Exercise Swim Level: Average swimmer, no technical skills, family with boat access, comfortable in water.

42 years old

ELIJAH

ESFJ Friendly, outgoing, reliable, conscientious, organized, practical.

Seeks to be helpful and please others, enjoys being active and productive.

60 years old

JOHN

ETSJ Efficent, ougoing, analytical, systematic, dependable, realistic, like to run the show and get things done in an oderly fashion.

Daily: Exercise, Work (Sales), Family

Daily: Exercise, Work (management), Family

Swim Level: unexperienced, timid around water

Swim level: expert swim, prior competitive swim background

randall park mall

original building footprint

randall park mall

current building footprint

45

cleveland ohio abandoned: randall park mall BACKGROUND

When Randall Park Mall originally opened in 1976 it was the world’s largest shopping mall. The mall was built and designed by Edward J DeBartolo. DeBartolo was a major developer of shopping centers. Randall Park Mall had originally been an old racetrack that resided in the metropolitan area of Cleveland, Ohio. DeBartolo purchased the racetrack in 1960 and announced in 1963 his intentions to build a mall on the 117-acre site. In 1973, the racetrack was finally torn down and construction began. This project was a $175 million, 2-level mall with over 200 stores and 2.2 million square feet of pure retail space. DeBartolo had a dream of creating a “dream city” within another city. On August 11th, 1976, the mall opened. There were four department stores and over 100 specialty stores for the grand opening. Many slightly smaller stores opened throughout the remainder of the year.

The first year of the Randall Park Mall was a success as their sales totaled $140 million, and by 1995 the now 120 store mall employed 5,000 members of the community.

However, violent crimes lead to a quick deterioration of the mall’s success and its reputation. By 1997 however, the malls occupancy rate dropped to 73%. As crime in the area increased, so did the vacancy within the mall.

In 2002, the occupancy rate dropped below 50%. In 2004, DeBartolo’s younger brother sold the real estate to Whichard Real Estate for $6 million. The group closed the mall in June of 2009 due to its lack of sales. At the end of 2014, demolition began on the Randall Park Mall.

The building is now gutted and the community is in the process of deciding what to occupy the space with.

In 2007, the center of the mall was torn down with only the anchor stores remaining. This has created a site with an interior courtyard that connects four large anchor stores.

W H Y R A N D A L L PA R K

When determining a site for this project there were three important criteria.

1) Because of the environmental of the blue mind prinicipal, the must be an adaptaive reuse, in t o a d d r e s s s u s t a i n a b i l i t y t o i t ’s extent.

values space order fullest

2) Selecting a building that holds a preexisiting connection to the community remains important as the “urban blue space” I am proposing is meant to connect to the community on both a cultural and emotional level. By doing this this space can begin to hold historical value to the community, which enriches the culture and community ties as well.

3) It is important to find a community i n n e e d o f a n “ u r b a n b l u e s p a c e ”. T h i s means that it was important to find a demographic that is both lacking in aquatic education as well as communities with higher poverty or crime.

With these criteria and the history of the R a n d a l l Pa r k M a l l , t h i s s i t e i s i d ea l f o r a n U r b a n B l u e S p a c e . To r e i t e r a t e m y g o a l s , this space should: -

connect people to their “blue mind” increase aquatic education connect the community increase well-being

context residential | commercial

dining & retail

residential

points of entry

randall park mall remains

47

To t h e l e f t i s a n e n l a r g e d s i t e p l a n .

Noted are the residential areas in proximity to the site howe ver, a majority of the housing resides to the west of the site within the outskirts of Cleveland. This means that most of the guests will be using I-480 (located to the south of the site) to access the site.

To t h e e a s t o f t h e s i t e a l s o resides an abudance of dining and retail spaces. This adjacency provides the site with a unique opportunity to begin defining an entertainment district or canal within the community. As a part of my master plan I have concluded that the southeast anchor store that remains within my site act as an additional dining experience/ community center that acts as a link between the exisiting dining / retail canal and the site that I am developing.

Also marked are the exisiting entry points. As the site used to be a mall, there are many entrance points. The primar y entrance points remain the two that are closest to I-480. The secondar y entrances are in proximity to the bus stop and secondar y highway. The tertiar y entrances exist along the dining / retail boarder in order to provide a seemless connection to the exisiting entertainment.

The randall park remains, or focus buildings are shaded in dark grey.

Within this space I plan to define a program for each building and devleop the linking courtyard.

community integration the canal

east | a developed dining and retail experience

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external views

To t h e e a s t o f t h e s i t e a r e a n abundance of dining and retail spaces that work together to create an “entertainment canal� in Randall Pa r k . T h e h i g h l i g h t e d b u i l d i n g i s meant to act as the gateway to the entertainment canal. Further analysis will determine what the prorgram for the space should be, as it will act as a gateway between the exisiting community, traditional form of entertinament and the new proposed prorgram of the site.

The diagrams above explore the views provided on site. The green spaces represent the spaces that are intended to be developed with green in order to

internal views create a unique and nature connected space within an urban environment.

The blue line represents the division between the side of the site that will be surrounded by green and the side that will be surrounded by the entertainment, dining, and retail sapces. The blue circles represent the spaces that will need to consider internal views. The next diagram adresses the importance of internal views. In order to fully connect users to water or blue spaces, the internal views will remain of high importance, and an abundance of views aquatic views must be provided within the courtyard space.

access points primary, secondary, tertiary

multiple entries

51

site circulation

The two arrows represent the most important entrances into the site.

my desire to provide a series of interactions that create comfort in all visitors, dedicating primary entrnaces became important.

Above is a site ciruclation diagram where the darkg gray represents both vehicular and pedistrian traffic.

Earlier I explain the importance of introducing users to water, opposed to intimidating them with large and deep pool. Because of the importance of process, and

The old M a c y ’s building (the highlighted building on the left) will be my focus area as it is the ideal location for entry into the site and the beginning of the experience.

Again, access points remained an important. Each building will need i t ’s o w n e n t r y , p a r k i n g a n d n a t u r e connection.

indoor entry point There will be a primary entry point and an exterior entry point for this project. The primary entry point is featured above, and as mentioned on the previous page is the former “Macy’s” entry.

exterior entry point The secondary entry point is directly opposite the primary entry, appealing to the opposite side of traffic flow. Though my final proposal will include a covered courtyard connecting all four spaces once more, (to accomodate the harsh weather of Cleveland) this entry will immedaiately connect to the courtyard space, for a more immersive introduction to the water.

53

building analysis building details, history The design of the building was inspired

by Victor Gruen, who had designed many malls before this. He had big hopes of creating cultural and inviting spaces where communities could come together. His idea was to then make large shopping centers with dining experiences where communities could spend their days together.

height spaces with cat walks for all major circulation. This allowed for light wells to bring in natural light throughout each building, which created a sense of openness and spiritual implications.

The mix use of spaces created a variety of specific spaces, again this is something Currently four buildings remain, all of which that can aid the design in defining a variety have pronounced entries and connections of aquatic spaces while still respecting the to an interior courtyard. The four entry points nostalgic sense of the building. create the opportunity for completely unique experiences within each building, that unite in the courtyard.

The interior of the mall was unique, with tiled floors, marble columns, sculptured ceilings, and decorative ramps and crossovers. Though most of the features are no longer existant, it was this level of detail and decoration that created a sense of importance within the space.

Randall Park mall also utilized double

04

precedent studies When exploring precedents, I looked at three different areas: spas, aquatic centers, and cultural centers. As I will develop a new program that unites both society’s need for proximity to water as well as a healthy environment that connects on both physical and psychological levels.

PROJECT OVERVIEW Project type: natural body of water Location: Hawaii, USA Key date: Completed in 2014 Site Area: 4,028 miles sq.

Historical Features | Kealakekua Bay is infamous for a historic battle but also hosts a lush marine life that suits snorkeling and diving. Here there are several dive centers that rent gear to visitors.

King Kamehameha I State Monument is a monument to Hawaii’s “greatest king.”

This monument was believed to be once lost at sea, but has since been rediscovered and now stands as a momento to Hawaii’s history.

Mokuaikaua Church has been around since 1820 and is the state’s first Christian Church, this church also has noteworthy architecture.

Puuhonua O Honaunau National Historic Park is a one hundred eighty (180) acre land on the Kona Coast. Its ancient temples, petroglyphs, sacred burial grounds, and other features have been restored.

Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site was built by King Kamehameha as one of the ways to unify the different chiefdoms of the island. The site functioned as the Hawaii’s last religious temple.

the big island natural body of water The blue mind theory exclusively explores natural bodies of water. In order to create a successful environment it is important to understand the experiences provided in those environments. as the goal final goal of this project will be to provide a similar aquatic experience. Here The Big Island in Hawaii is analyzed as to further understand scale, experience and environments.

The Big Island’s rich history has played an important part in the city’s development. The combination of mounuments, architecturural wonders, and natural wonders provide a unique feel to the enivornment.

There are 5 volcanoes on the island giving the island an ever changing environment.

A large pool to this beach is the combination of the unqiue culture/ dynamic natural environment along with a variety of experiences. According to waimea. com, the big Island hosts: extreme sports, family activities, festivals, golfing, natural wonders, surfing, and unique cousine. In addition to all of these experiences there are constant views of the ocean that reinforce an aquatic connection.

1

2

the big island map http://oceanstyles.blogspot.com/

3

BEACH BREAK DOWN | Understanding the attractions and diverse experiences that beache’s specifically provide, as well as the incorporation of additional spaces in order to improve beach experiences can help to define the programatic needs that an urban blue setting should include.

1. Hapuna Beach | Soft sand, clear water, lush greenery, excellent swimming conditions, large beach space for dry activity 2. Maniniowali Beach | white sand beaches, clear water, calm waters, surfing, bodyboarding, snrokeling, animal interaction 3. Makalawena Beach | hiking, secluded, soft sand, clear water, shallow reef, underwater caves 4. Mauana Kea Beach | large beach, soft sand, natural rock reef, surfing, swimming, snorkeling, boogie boarding, greenery 5. Waialea Ba | secluded, seasonal, diverse marine life, snorkeling, scuba diving, swimming, children friendly, soft sand, tide pools, shady trees, private retreat

4

5

gotha swimming hall aquatic center

PROJECT OVERVIEW

Relationship to Thesis |

Project type: Adaptive Reuse, Recreation, Wellness Location: Gotha Germany Project team: Veauthier Meyer Architekten Client: City of Gotha Key date: Completed in 2014 Total Area: 4400 sm

The care and consideration that the designers took of the existing building is an element that I want to incorporate into my reuse of an abandoned space. The combination of carefully considering the existing building along with the function of different aquatic spaces, an environment that combines both relaxation centered and activity centered wellness can unite.

Concept | The premise for this space came from a question posed by the city.

How can we integrate this historic building within a new handicappedaccessible sports, health and leisure complex? Gotha Hall, a listed building dating from 1909, served as a municipal pool prior to the unity of the city. The art nouveau style building was at it’s time typical of all municipal baths. The concept heavily concerns on inclusivity and wellness.

photos from archdaily.com

conditions The swimming hall in Gotha is a historical building in Germany that was rennovated and built onto to create a unqiue aquatic center within the community.

proportion Proportionally it is based upon exisiting forms and the addition is based on the golden section.

form The old building utilizes circular forms with a contrasiting new addition that is more orthagonal in nature. However both are primary rectangular in form to accomdate for a lap pool. Overhead features and column structures remain more organic and soft in form.

SPECIAL FEATURES 1. Diving Pools 2. Lap Pools 3. Thermal Pool

Level One Plan

design approach In order to adapt this historic site into an inclusive wellness space, Veauthier Meyer Architekten expanded upon the existing bath complex. This historical site is now flanked on both sides with two modern buildings. On the east, an expansive new sauna landscape was created whereas the west side holds a competition and training pool. The contrasting cubic forms of the new additions are still meant to accent the historic building as they stay lower to the ground. The original lighting concept is replicated within the new additions however it is translated

into the modern form. The pools are illuminated by natural light flowing generously from the long sides and front facade of the building. The old and new spaces are connected by a transitional grand stair that serves as both a gallery and communal zone. The revitalized aesthetic of the pools allows for both active wellness centered environments and zones of rest or relaxation. The restoration of historical details such as the original tiles or floor patterns allows for a unique connection to the community.

61

1

Image 1 provies a perspective of the exisiting facade that of the historic Gotha Hall.

2

Image 2 is the competition pool that incorporates acoustic panneling, natural light, adjustable diving and vibrant seating. Vibrant colors of red and green are used strategically to creat an energetic atmosphere.

3

Image 3 is a more private pool however it is still long enough for competitive swimming.

Columns utilizing similar forms to the exisiting architecuture and decorative windows surround this pool to create a more private and cultural experience.

PROJECT OVERVIEW Project type: Spa, Hotel, Wellness Location: Eskisehir, Turkey Project team: GAD Architecture Client: Eskisehir Hotel Key date: Completed in 2013 Site Area: 45,000sm Concept | The locals believe that water strengthens health and as Turkey has gained tourists due to natural beauty, the civilization has been given a taste of a luxurious beauty in addition to that of nature. The Eskisehir Spa and Thermal Hotel is meant to be a modern interpretation of the contrasting beauty between the natural world and a luxurious environment. Using the history of Odunpazari local architecture and textures, this balance was achieved.

eskisehir hotel & spa spa & wellness RELATIONSHIP TO THESIS | By embracing the history of the site the designers were able to create a space that is utilized by both tourists and locals. This location became a true celebration of culture which I hope to also create within my space. Not only does this space represent the culture of the community but provides a connection to the natural world that we are now realizing is critical to happiness. The spa/wellness center offers a wide variety of aquatic spaces that I can use to study and implement within my own design.

The radial organization of the space offers a unique perspective on adjacencies which will influence my program. The space offers a wide variety of the wet and dry spaces within the spa/wellness spaces that is important when considering “inclusivity.�

photos from archdaily.com

conditions

Surrounding the spa lies a hotel and wedding venue, however they are operated separately from the spa & wellness center. As a result, the hotel is tiered. It follows the natural topography and revolves around the spa. This provides simplistic access for all guests.

proportion The spa space is split down the middle so that both halves are similar and form but provide unique aquatic experiences. Though experiences are unique they are similar in form creating two large radial pools and then additional miniture pools at the base.

form Most objects are organic and mimic the larger radial shell. Curves are utilized not only in plan but in section as well as walls sweep organically to enclose showers or theraputic environments. Even seating elements provide gentle curves or round orms

SPEACIAL FEATURES

1. LAP POOLS 2. THERMAL BATHS 3. COOL BATHS 4. STEAM ROOMS 5. ZERO ENTRY POOLS 6. SUBMERSIVE SEATING

design approach The spa and wellness center are buried into the ground in order to benefit from the geothermal features of the land.

The spa section of the space includes a sunbath terrace and an indoor pool. Domes cover the pools in order to obtain natural sunlight with a filter that coincides with traditional turkish bath houses.

The inner courtyard, which includes a pool deck, offers a view above the forest and towards the city center which reinforces this beauty of both the luxurious and natural world.

65

1

2

4

5

3

6

Images 1 and 2 are images of the large pool in the area. The pools are seperated into smaller areas that provide submerged transitions between them. There are low fountain heads that provide “waterfall like� experiences within the pools. Varrious lighting

techniques are in use to create a more calming atmosphere. Image 3 is an enclosed private bath providing visitors with more personal/ private experiences. Image 4 and 5 is an image of the large pool within the space that can be used as a lap pool. Here the majority of

the lighting is natural creating different type of calming environment that evokes a more natural atmosphere. Image 6 is an image of of the personal shower spaces. The spaces are uniquely lighted with cool colors and soft forms.

scandinave les bains vieux small spa

PROJECT OVERVIEW Project type: Spa Location: Montreal, QC, Canada Project team: Saucier & Perrotte architects Client: Gestion Rivière du Diable Key date: Completed in 2009 Site Area: 1000 sm Concept | With a scenic location in the heart of historic Old Montreal the goal of the Scandinave Les Bains Vieux is to provide a dynamic sensory experience primarily through thermal therapy techniques. The overarching concept that unites the environment and designed space as well is described as “the contact between hot and cold more specifically, the naturally occurring phenomena associated with these conditions.” Formal elements throughout the space can be interpreted as cool glacial forms contrastic warm volcanic rocks.

RELATIONSHIP TO THESIS | This space utilizes an unused space and creates a therapeutic aquatic and spa experience out of it. As my thesis is also an adaptive reuse I can follow similar design techniques, especially when considering how to incorporate the existing environment and aquatic spaces.

photos from archdaily.com

conditions The building was built over half a century ago and has experience extensive fire damage. Previously it functioned as a warehouse, however it now hosts a spa with the grand entry on the ground level.

proportion The primary space lies within the south west corner of the building, where users circulate through a series of theraputic events. The plan is based on the golden section with an angled portion using the same system.

form Primarily orthagonal in plan with angular features representing warmth and softer, more organic features representing the cold.

Level One Plan

SPEACIAL FEATURES 1. STEAM ROOMS 2. SAUNA 3. THERMAL POOL 4. SHALLOW POOL

design approach The cold is represented through white angular masses of glacial topography.

The contrasting warmth is combined with these forms but represented through volcanic geology. Other formal elements and materials throughout the space reinforce this concept.

Mimicking a natural landscape the ground plane continues to undulate gently. The depressions in the floor become bodies of water which are occupiable. The highest point in the level changes create the variety of thermal spaces such as the sauna and steam bath.

Guests begin their experience in the dressing room. Upon exiting they are submerged into an environment where the walls, floors, and ceiling are angled slightly. This is meant to heighten their awareness of their surroundings and provide them with a corporeal awareness and grounding each visitor at that moment in time.

Each space is connected by the undulating wood ceiling which echoes the movements of the floor.

Light permeates the bath area through opalescent glass in order to create an environment that feels pure and tranquil.

The exterior facade that faces the street is covered with a thin cascading layer of water which flows across the glass surfaces. This filters the views so that passersby can only see shadowed silhouettes so that bathers can feel complete comfort and relaxation.

69

1

2

3

4

This space is designed to offer users a series of theraputic experiences. Images 1 & 5 depict the beginning and ending phases which are stwo very unique steam rooms. Image 1 is warm and representative of volcanic geology. through warm colors, wood and hot coals.

5

Image 5 is the opposite represeting the cold with cool colors, round forms and tile. Images 3 and 4 depict the journy fron the steam rooms through the vertical shower that is opportated by a pully system. Image 2, is of the final expereince. It is a pool with a step entry and a

waterfall wall. Here users can move freely with natural lighting in a theraputic way. Attached to this pool is a thermal tub that provides users with the opportunity to transition between the warm and cool sensation.

community centers analysis & comparison community centers

direct water parrallel? Y game room

direct water parrallel? N

direct water parrallel? N

meeting spaces

1. Community Hall Abfaltersbach – Abfaltersbach, Austria

direct water parrallel? Y

arts room

direct water parrallel? Y

dining

athletic courts

x

x

2. Fala Park – Wolsztyn County, Poland

x

3. Palo Verde Library and Maryvale Community Center – Phoenix, Arizona

x

x

x

x

x

4. Karakida Community Center – Tokyo, Japan

x

x

x

5. Gleneagles Community Centre – Vancouver, Canada

x

x

x

x

6. West Vancouver Community Centre – Vancouver, Canada 7. Surry Hills Library and Community Centre – Sydney, Australia

x

8. The Salvation Army Ray and Joan Kroc Corps Community Center – Dayton, Ohio

x

9. Clayton Community Centre – Melbourne, Australia

x

10. Community Center Herstedlund – Albertslund, Denmark EXPERIENCE simple competition

x

x

x

x

x x

x x

corporate

creative outet

community kitchen, cooking spaces competition

comradery

business conversations

design build

nourishment through food

personal competition

small businesses

collaborative creation

community conversation

atheltiscm

study/work

personal competition

study/work

comradery

exercise ACTIVITIES INCLUDED chess

video comm. tech.

pool

painting

conference tables, chairs coloring

foosball

designing

board games

sculpting

video games

collaborative creation

eating

tennis

conversing

basketball

small group meetings

volleyball

lounge furniture, tables

As a goal of this project so heavily relies on connecting and healing a community it was important to understand how exisiting spaces are addressing these issues seperate from “blue spaces”.

Above is a chart analyzing the different community centers around the world. It is important to consider the technicalities

of the space, such as proportion and equipment. However, in order to achieve a successful connection to the community, it is important to understand these spaces on a deeper level. For example, community centers that provide gaming rooms or tennis courts are providing experiences that encourage simple competition, comradery or physical

wellness.

In addition, it’s important to understand the adjacencies community centers held within their communities to ensure that the site in Cleveland would be appropriate for this building program.

Lastly,

experiences

provided

in

direct water parrallel? N direct water parrallel? N child care

direct water parrallel? Y

library

fittness space

direct water parrallel? N direct water parrallel? Y auditorium

green space

x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

community adjacencies aquatic spaces church, hotels, water, schools, super market, shoping, major roads

lap pool

connect to water

multi-use shallow pool

dinining, banks, park, translate into water water, park

therapy pools

existing water

church, schools, residentia, park, hospital, groccery, dining

x

dive pools

Schools (Center of elementary, high school, middle school, shopping, dining, residential,churches,

x

zero-entry pool

Large park, Major Highways, Golf Course, Residential

x

hot springs/jacuzzi

Dining, church, park, residential, water

x

vertical showers

park, residential, dining, groccery, hotels

x

x

x

x

horizontal showers

parks, enteretainment, car, dining, school, residential

x

x

x

x

zero entry pool

groccery, dining, shopping, residential

x

x

flotation tanks

park, shopping, education, residential

private baths child development

performing arts

connection to nature

interactive water (spash pads)

child safety/supervision research

education

exercise

creative outlet

joy

Rivers

child learning

creative viewing

peacefulness

Fountains

relaxation collaboration

appreciation of env.

Reflection pools water walls rejuvination aquariums

playgrounds

books

weights

conferences

tables, chairs

reading

hard surfaces, seating

workout equipment

stage & chairs

sidewalks, pathways

naps

lounge seating

running spaces

supervisor spaces

technology

community centers were corss referenced to those provided at the aquatic centers, spas, natural bodies of water and bath houes. By doing this it becomes possible to understand what physiological responses can be provided through a diverse range of experiences.

developed greenery

saunas

05

design guidelines The previous research and analysis lead to a system in which a new program could be developed. This program should address the needs of the community while also providing a safe and entertaining introduction to water.

program development combination of 5 environments When determining the program of the space I new that I needed to accomdate both sides of happiness. This meaning, I must accomodate for those wishing to relax or rejuvinate as well as those looking for an adrenaline or adventurous experience.

Here I took 5 categories, 4 that are aquatic centered and 1 community centered. I compared different buildings in each category to determine “general� programing for each building and looked into what experiences were being provided by these spaces.

natural body of water deep water: treading deep water: ocean, assisted deep water: submerssion beach : lounging beach: activitiy beach: dining shallow: tides mid-deep: ocean

aquatic center reception lap pool dive pool lesson pool stadium seating activity pool splash park dining changing space oice space courtyard

bath house ceremonial space changing space male bathing space female bathing mix used bathing (indoor) mix used bathing (outdoor) reception dining dry lounge technology lounge massage room

community center gaming space: simple competition oice workshop: creative outlet library: learn, research collab library athletics courts/fields reception dining fitness center performance space courtyard child care

spas courtyard treatment rooms cosmetic rooms specialty pools sauna/steam room reception dining space lap pool thermal facilities dry lounge experiential showers

program development combination of 5 environments The next step was to categorize the experiences that were accomodated consistently throughout each space in order to determine what was the most important.

After cross referencing these programatic elements I was able to define 5 experiential categories that I could use to begin to define the program of my master plan. The vareity of specific programatic elements within each of these categories would then be accomodated within that larger zone.

For example, within a relaxing zone, thermal baths and massages will be provided whereas the adventure zone could provide competitive experiences.

activity, athletic, comp.

structured swim

relaxation

dry space

reception

dining

connection to ext.

natural body of water deep water: treading deep water: ocean, assisted deep water: submerssion beach : lounging beach: activitiy beach: dining shallow: tides mid-deep: ocean

aquatic center reception lap pool dive pool lesson pool stadium seating activity pool splash park dining changing space oice space courtyard

bath house ceremonial space changing space male bathing space female bathing mix used bathing (indoor) mix used bathing (outdoor) reception dining dry lounge technology lounge massage room

community center gaming space: simple competition oice workshop: creative outlet library: learn, research collab library athletics courts/fields reception dining fitness center performance space courtyard child care

spas courtyard treatment rooms cosmetic rooms specialty pools sauna/steam room reception dining space lap pool thermal facilities dry lounge experiential showers

program development experiential defination

1

2

3

4

5

79

1

structured interaction

2

adventure

3

introduction

4

relaxation

5

community engagement

learn. train. compete.

verve. spontanity. play.

comfort. opportunity. safe.

calm. rejuvination. joy.

connect.entertain. serve.

x t p r o g r a m d e vp reo glr oa mp mma ter i n experiential defination

ty

ge ota

fo are

squ

s ew

, vi

ti an

Qu

ion rat teg

ng

in ity

ht i

un

es nci

ss cce ca

bli

e jac

ing

vel n le

e vat

ad

pri

ry

ylig da

m com

pu

ma pri

ild

bu

rsio me

sub

experiential translation

spatial requirements

05, 06

1

tbd

02. Exterior Entry (secondary)

comfort, peace | provide a sense of welcome, waiting area, lounge

1

01

1

tbd

03. visual lounge (introduction)

gather, rejuvenate | provide a peaceful dining experience, visual of water

1

04, 11

2

tbd

04. nourishment center (cafe)

comfort, preparation | create a cleansing and safe changing/prep space

1-4

06, 07, 08, 11

4

tbd

05. Women’s changing/ cleansing space

comfort, preparation | create a cleansing and safe changing/prep space

1-4

05, 07, 08, 11

4

tbd

06. Men’s changing/ cleansing space

safety, storage | provide simple and secure storage for visitors

1-4

05, 06, 08, 11

4

tbd

07. Safe storage (“locker system”)

opportunity, direction | provide direction, sense of welcome, opportunity

1-4

11, 12, 14

4

tbd

08. Vertical Circulation

fulfillment, cleansing | provide private spiritual, ceremonial spaces

1, 2

05, 06

2

tbd

09. Private/ Spiritual Spaces

service, collaboration | provide a positive collaborative work environment with simplistic public access safety, comfort, joy | provide a series of introductory aquatic experiences with varying levels of submersion

1, 2

01

2

tbd

1, 2

10. Membership/ Park Offices

04-8, 12-15

2

tbd

11. Partial submersion, introduction sequence

1, 2 11,1713,

2

tbd

12. Adventure Zone Indoors

competition, adrenaline | provide simple competition, athletics

s

0, 2

e

sense of opportunity | provide clear direction & a sense of opportunity

ci

01. Indoor Entry (primary)

n

tbd

ce

1

ja

03, 05, 06, 10

d

1

a

comfort, understanding | provide clear direction & a sense of welcome

competition, adrenaline | provide simple competition, athletics

0

11, 12, 17

1

tbd

13. Adventure Zone Outdoors

peace, rejuvenation | provide a calming environment with varying levels of submersion peace, rejuvenation | provide a calming environment with varying levels of submersion excitement, united | create a “beach like” environment that serves as a link between all four spaces

1, 2

11, 15

2

tbd

14. Relaxation Zone Indoors

0

11, 14

1

tbd

0

11-15, 17-22

1

tbd

15. Relaxation Zone Outdoors

elite, train, compete | provide physical wellness, lesson and competition space

4

12, 13, 16

1

tbd

17. Structured Aquatic zone

creative outlet | provide community with blue views, and creative space

3

19-22

1

tbd

18. Dry Zone ( Arts) (Community Center)

int

safety, comfort | provide community with safe and positive childcare with access to water education

3

18, 20-22

tbd

19. Dry Zone (Children) (Community Center)

ext

21, 22

1

tbd

20. Local Dining Food Court

18-20, 22

1

tbd

21. Dry zone (Library) (Community Center)

18-21 0, 3internal views

1

tbd

22. Auditorium/ Show Space

excite, socialize, support | provide casual dining with aquatic integration

2

education, collaboration| provide opportunity for lounge, education

3

entertainment, creative | provide community with unique water show

not relevant 18, 19, near

adjacent

external views not relevant

public space

near

private space

adjacent

partial, varying submersion

internal views

max, varying submersion

external views public space private space

1

16. The Ocean (Central Link)

no

ne

ad

pu

pri

pa

ma

81

4 0 1

2 3

master plan approach

The culmination of the data, including blue mind principles, i n te r n a l /e x te r n a l v i e w s , c i rc u l a t i o n , site adjacncies, and the zoning guidelines lead to a programatic matrix in which I explored the ot relevant program of the entr y building. ear Building 1 acts as the primary djacent space as it has been defined as ternal views the primary indoor entry point.

It should include a dominant ternal views introductory space. In addition ublic space those comfortable with water ivate space should have the opportunity to artial, varying submersion e n t e r t h e i r “ b l u e r o o m e s ,” i n c l u d i n g ax, varying submersion b o t h adventure and relaxation opportunities. Membership offices and an experiential entry also become important elements to this space. Building 3 must connect with the community and provide s e r v i ce s /e x p e r i e n ce s w h i c h co n n e c t to water. This will predominately

be done through aquatic views and a community center style program that fills voids within the community, suchas creative outlests, child care, and a media center. Building 4 remains opposite building 3 and most accomdate direct views. It also will house the “structured” element of site. Here training, lessons and competitions will be housed, accomodating the most comfortable aquatic users that strive for a competitive, or physical challenge.

The “0” denotes the space for the link, this space will serve as the primary uniting space for all four buildings and is intended to provide a variety of introductor y, adventure and relaxation experiences in the form of a lake-beach space.

experiential development focus zones

adventure

verve. spontanity. play.

introduction

comfort. opportunity. safe.

1. animal interaction, height interaction

1. Visual, Aquarium, Graphic Education

2. height interaction, aquatic

2. Partial submersion, cafe

3. "water balloon" experience

3. experiential showers, splash pads

4. Escape room experience

4. Pools with benches

5. rafting experience

5. Interactive Zones: water beds, stepping pool, Waterfall walk-ways

6. Aquatic maze 7 . L a z e r Ta g E x p e r i e n c e 8. Deep Dive Pools, Slides 9. Climbing Walls, Snorkling 10. Scuba Diving, Kyaking, wave pools

6. Large pool with sense of direction 7. Part of River, deeper pool encourages underwater 8. Part of River, deeper expereinces (above heads) 9. Miniture lap pools 10. Link, deep pool main

relaxation

calm. rejuvination. joy.

1. meditation, rythmic breathing, nature connection 2. Aquairium views, lounges 3. Sauna, Steam, Mist rooms 4. Water swings, shallow wave pools 5. Experiential Vertical Shower (individual) 6. Experiential horizontal showers (individual) 7 .T h e r m a l b a t h s of varrying depths (individual) 8.Experiential combo of baths and showers, group 9 . F l o t a t i o n Ta n k s 10. floating check out and decks exteriors, deep water

83

experiential pattern The p r i m a r y, or entry building that I am focusing on must introduce users to aquatics in a variety of ways that enhance joy through thrill seeking, comfortability or relaxation.

I first looked back at the process of introducing p e o p l e t o w a t e r, a s w e l l as swim lesson guidelines provided by the Red Cross a n d Y M C A’s . I d e f i n e d a s e r i e s

experiential development of 10 steps in which someone could essentially self-teach w a t e r co m f o r ta b i l i t y. E a c h of these introductory steps are coupled with either an adventerous option or a relaxing option in order to stimulate users and increase appreciation of aquatic interactions.

In order seemless between

to

encourage movements activities I

experiential conclusion determined an experiential pattern in which each comfort level is linked between adventure, introduction, and relaxation, as well as encouraging of forward movement to the next level.

This is symbolized by the first diagaram. The second diagram explores grouping of levels, while the last diagram symbolizes grouping of similar spaces.

Final Program List (primary building only) MAIN PROGRAM 1 grand stair

34.5x57.5

1 Employee Entry

15x32

1 Main entry lobby

30x30

1 Entry Cafe

??

2 Guard Lounge

15x23

690

8 *Lobby/que/lifeguard stand

15x23

2760

4x6

2088

40x30

1200

87 Guard Stands 1 aquirium, viewing space and interaction 1 partial submerssion and cafe

1983.75 480 900 4250

4250

1 bball court dimensions\\ splash pad

94x50

4700

1 pool with benches (typical lap pool dimensions)

75x48

3600

8-10 small shower

3x3

90

10-12 large shower

6x6

432

8-10 group shower

12x10

8-10 experiential baths

3x6

1200 180

1 Main Attraction: Large

double basketball court?

9400

1 Height Interaction: water wall

20x20

1200

1 Water balloon fight area

94x50

9400

1 escape room with varried interaction

94x50

4700

6 rafting experience

11.5x16

1104

1 maze

188 x 120

3760

2 lazer tag

47x50

25052

4700 24864

1 meditation lounge

94x50

1 sauna - women

8x8

1 sauna - men

8x8

64

2 sauna both

12x8

192

1 steam room - women

8x8

64

1 steam room men

8x8

64

2 steam room both

12x8

192

1 mist room

94x50

4700

6 restrooms

25x30

4500

1 water swing pool

94x50

4700

1 shallow wave pool

94x50

4700

6 flotation tank room

8x6 + 1.5 raidus

427.5

1 flotation tank lobby

15x23

345

1 spiritual space

11x33

396

6 experiential vertical showers (individ)

3x3

6 experiential vertical showers (group)

12x10

720

3x7

210

8-10 experiential horizontal showers (individ)

4700 64

54

4 thermal baths of varrying depths (Group) (about 12)

12x12

576

4 thermal baths varrying depths (Group) (more intimate)

7.5x7.5

225

8-10 experiential combo of bath and shower (group) 2 locker rooms

12x12

1440

100x50

10000 23437.5

TOTAL SF

151317.25

10% Ciculation

15131.725

TOTAL SF

166448.975

TOTAL SF W/ OFFICES

176084.095

BUILDING SF REMAINDER SF

179953.5 13504.525

Person

quantity

Requirements

DIM

Amenities

SF

Total SF

Board of Directors:

1 8-10 person private conference room 20x15'

video tech, countertops for luncheons

300

300

President/Ceo

2 private office

12x15'

desk top, day lighting, conference space

180

360

2 assistant work stations

6'x6'

desk top, chair

IT Department

36

72

1200

1200 180

5 IT work stations

6x6

desk top, chair

36

2 IT MGMT work stations

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

96

1 IT work table

12x15

large table surface

180

180

1 storage

6x2

shelving

12

12

5 Park Service Work stations

6x6

desk top, chair

36

180

3 PS MGMT

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

144

1 Park Services VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistnat work station

6x6

desk top, chair

Park Services

36

36

1 Instructor/Guard touch down - lounge 15x30

comfort seating, lockers, first aid, restrooms

450

450

1 Training Room

30x20

desks, technology seating for approx. 20

600

600

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

300

300

1 storage

6x2

shelving

12

12

5 BD Work stations

6x6

desk top, chair

36

180

3 BD MGMT

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

144

1 BD VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistant work station

6x6

desk top, chair

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

1 storage

6x2

3 Marketing Work Stations 2 Marketing Management

Business Development

36

36

300

300

shelving

12

12

6x6

desk top, chair

36

108

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

96

1 Marketing VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistant work station

6x6

desk top, chair

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

1 storage

6x2

10 Sales Work Stations 3 Sales Management

Marketing

36

36

300

300

shelving

12

12

6x6

desk top, chair

36

360

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

144

1 Sales VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistant work station

6x6

desk top, chair

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

1 storage

6x2

5 Sales Work Stations 2 Design/Engineer Managment

Sales

36

36

300

300

shelving

12

12

6x6

desk top, chair

36

180

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

96

1 Innovation VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistant work station

6x6

desk top, chair

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

1 storage

6x2

shelving

Innovation: Design & Engineering

36

36

300

300

12

12 180

HR 5 HR work Stations

6x6

desk top, chair

36

2 HR MGMT

6x8

desk top, chair, with additional return and "meeting seats"

48

96

1 HR VP

12 x 10

small office

120

120

1 assistant work station

6x6

desk top, chair

1 small conference room

20x15

seats 8-10

36

36

300

300

1 storage

6x2

shelving

12

12

1 work cafe

30x40

120

120

2 Mens Restrooms; 4 stalls

11.5x10.3

118.3

236.6

2 Women's Restrooms; 4 stalls

11.5x10.3

118.3

236.6

Additional Features

total SF

8759.2

9635.12

06

design synthesis

research implications on design As this center is geared towards rejuvenating users and creating joy from within, the concept should reflect this. To flow is to move along steadily or constantly.

As users move throughout the space this will be interpreted by developing levels of submersion into aquatic environments. Users will have the opportunity to create their own “flow� as they determine what aquatic experiences they are comfortable with. This will feel seamless as eash spaces begins to mesh with each other. The aquatic spaces will also seamlessly introduce cultural connections through the use of materiality and cool colors.

There will be points of aquatic and person to person connections as the flow of water manifests itself within both the building and the user. There will be points of individual relaxation or group relaxation as well as adventure. Each will be connected through an aquatic element flowing seamlessly through the space, creating a sense of positivity and healing. As the spaces feel connected it allows for users to move from relaxation to excitement, from private to public comfortably. Lighting will feel natural and consistent as the positive energy and healing manifest themselves in every corner. The concept of flow will be carried through into the landscaping and entry/exit experiences as it aims to draw visitors to the site.

Because the program for this is centered around providing a connections to water, I began to explore imagery and verbiage that is associated with water. I was in search of a word that would be the beginning to the painting of a clean and healing environment while still representing this strong connection to water.

It is important that this concept is interpreted by the community and that this flowing sensation is not consolidated to the environment. In order to aid the community strongly, there will be exterior elements that aid in this understanding of flow. These will not only bring positivity to the community but these features will invite them in with intrigue, excitement and good health.

how do you create comfort in unpredictablity?

fear

blue mind

a mildly meditative state characterized by calm, peace, unity, and a sense of general happiness and satisfaction with life in the moment.

vs.

46% of people in the u.s. have been in a situation where they thought they may drown.

54% of people in the u.s. can‘t swim “in water above their head.”

concept development When begining this process it was clear that there are two contradicting views of water and aquatic spaces. At this point it is clear that human’s desire a connection to water. The urbanization of today’s society has accomdated many many human needs and desires however this connection has remained relatively unexplored, and underdeveloped. We have successfully industrialized the consumption process of water and it is far past time to provide natural feeling or immersive environments that connect emotionally and physically to people as well.

However, it is also clear that across the world, including the US, people are lacking in exposure to water. Different elements such as ethnicity or even the simplicity of rumors in a community have lead many people to believe that the ability to be in water is something that should be feared. But according to our blue mind, it should evoke comfort. So this brought me to a few questions, What is causing the fear of water?

Drowning. With 10 drownings a day and 46% of people having near drowning experiences, drowning is a fear that is not only installed in users but in those who care about their users. There is only a 10% chance that adults who cannot swim will provide their children with an opportunity to learn to swim.

Why is this? Water creates a sense of uncertainty. It removes our natural sense of gravity.

The unpredictably combined with it’s ability to “kill us” (if we are not prepared) can cause an overwhelming amount of fear. Imageine getting in a car and being told to drive in rush hour traffic, with never having a single driving lesson. Exposure, education and equality are critical elements that must be in correspondance with acquatic environments in order to ensure that the human interaction is even comfortable.

Which leads to the next question, now do we create comfort in unpredictability?

the water understands civilization well; it wets my foot, but prettily, it chills my life, but wittily, it is not disconcerted, it is not broken-hearted: well used, it decketh joy.�

water analysis I first began my concept development with a brain mapping exercise. Here I broke down every element of water: spatially, physically, actively, etc. As I was doing this I really explored human vs. water interaction, actions of water and the emotions that water can evoke.

I than looked back at a poem by Robert Frost that addresses both this beauty and sense of calmness as well as this fear of water that we face. One line in the poem is: “It wets my foot, but prettily.” Having a wet foot is not neccessarily a positive thought. The statement alone bring a sense of discomfort. However, when you place the the wetness of your foot within the context of an aquatic environment or with a motion as Frost does, by stating “it wets my foot” he is implying an interaction between a perosn and a form of water, so now it sounds more peaceful as we imagine dipping our foot into water.

Another line in the poem is “well used, it decketh joy.” Again Frost is refuring to water. Water, “well used” will bring joy. After this research and break down of water this phrase seems to capture the essence of the question at hand, “How do we create comfort in unpredictability?”

If the level of submerssion or aquatic interaction can be controlled so that as people experience this they can decide their comfort level, they may begin to experience their “blue mind.”

goals (repeated)

provide an aquatic center where occupants can develop both happy and holistically healthy lives.

Revitalize an abandoned building in a way that heals a community

Improve the mental, emotional, physical, environmental and cultural wellness of occupants through a connection to water

Create an immersive and unique experience with water that will hold the capability to create a “modern day w a t e r i n g h o l e .�

values

[ [

[

community

framework

outcomes

repurpose an iconic space, that holds an exisiting connection to the community with aquatic spaces that allow a variety of interaction

emotional + environmental

provide an open and safe space where a variety of users feel comfortable engaging with each other

cross- cultural connections

wellness

A united community with more connection and pride within

utlize local materials/unique application that celebrate the community and evoke pride/culture within the community

environmental: incorporate natural connections

emotional + physical

physical: allow aquatic exercise & activities

A healthier and happier community in both mental and physical ways.

emotional: provide relaxing spaces that allow reflection social: provide group spaces for community interaction

A more indepth comprehension of health.

happiness

include a range of interactions for both individuals and groups to be passive and active

emotional + pyschological

equality

provide a variety of environments that appeal to different cultural levels of comfort within water (IE ranging interaction from visual, partial submerssion and full submerssion) Applications of materials/technologies that allow diverse economic groups

a more connected and culturally aware community

respect of water

provide visual water technologies that introduce the introcasey/beauty of water (IE. waterwalls, aquariums, reflection pools).

Create exterior spaces that allow the community to view aquatic spaces from tehir residences. including space that are equipped for lessons and /or storage

safety

incorporate graphics through branding that incorporate swimming knowledge and simpistic way finding.

A widened understanding and respect of water

concept proposal: verve

noun vigor and spirit or enthusiasm. generative intent statement this approach focuses on the excitement and spontaneity that water provides when interacting with people in small portions. With a uniting concpet of Verve the space will focus on submerging users in spirit and enthusiasm.

The space will feel encouraging by providing interactive aquatic systems that are both individual and group oriented. A lively sense of magic is introduced as users can manipulate aquatic experiences to their own comfort levels. This leads to a very engaging and interactive atmosphere that once initated can even be manipulated to sooth users.

why

interaction with water user manipulation of water energy responsive

how

simplicity respect for water static vs. inactive moments diverse environment

arise energy activity burst s p o n t a snp el a is ht y v i t a l i t y surge joy playfulness wa te r impulse

radiate

partial exposure split

characteristics tones emphasis on water

e

/ v

r v /

process work verve

I analyzed the inspirationphos and throught about the elements that unite “VERVE” and the project’s values. In the imagry selected there was always a collision of two elements. Here I explored the contrast between a defined force with clear structure and the unpredictable response of water.

I began to explore how this can then relate back to community, wellness, happiness, equality, and how it could begin to define submerssion zones for my project.

With the model I began to explore what would happen if the response from the colision between a solid and a fluid didnt create a random response but rather it was restricted to that of the striking structure? In this way the spontaneity of the fluid is both prevelent but controlled in a way that can create a sense of order, or comfort.

The art piece is the first version and abstraction of that structural force hitting the water and created a randomized response. Here organic forms are accented to create a sense of playfulness.

Simplicity is key as many of the inspirational images also used this technique to convey emotion.

concept proposal: cascade

noun 2. a succession of devices or stages in a process, each of which triggers or initiates the next.

why

interaction with water user acceptance of water peace

verb 2. arrange (a number of devices or objects) in a series or sequence.

this approach focuses on the simplistic succession of introducing one to water along with the soothing nature of being near or within water. The concept of cascade will focus on slowing guiding users through unique and varying immersive environments. The space will rely heavily on visual or partial submersive spaces with a centralized fully submersive space that users can build confidence up to.

stream sooth order ripple s i m p l i cdir ti py v i t a l i t y flow patience water joy

radiate

partial exposure blending

how

simplicity

generative intent statement

care

responsive

respect for water simple movements directional

characteristics tones repition/patterns

/ k a’ s k a d /

process work: cascade

When analyzing these mor epeaceful photos of people interacting with water, I wanted to capture the uncertainity that came with submerssion but I also wanted to capture the importance of that momemtn of partial submerssion. Here I categorized the primary image again into viewing expereinces, partial submersion experiences and complete submersion where the further you are in this process the more uncertain forms become, the rythm becomes more randomized.

This model was meant to portray the simplistic transition through spaces. The diagnol at the beginning is meant to guide users through three different levels of submerssion. The clarity of matrierals is meant to represent the transparent process that people will expereinec as they move from one level of submersion to the next. The spherees that act as touch points throuhgout the formare ment to signify more durastic changes in submerssion.

This image is intentionally spread across three pages to create a clear seperation of experiences. Each moment is mean tto be experienced seperately and with a clear direction.

As you go deepr into the process the color becomes more rich.

blue minds

blue rooms

experiential design

schematic design Using the principles from the blue mind concept, blue room concept and experiential design I began to dig deeper into both of my concepts and ultimately determined that neither word captured the ultimate goal of the space. Instead each concept began to describe componenets of the experience I hope to provide.

This lead me to the realization that my concept isn’t one word, but rather the statement, “comfort in unpredictability�. This is the driving force behind the design, and though both concepts help to support this phrase, they are best used together.

I began this phase with that in mind. My first steps were to refer back to my demographic and site analysis in order to relate my concept and program back to the enivornment and community.

My next steps involved further defining the programatic elements of the space as well as the key experiences. I did this through a master plan that connects to the community.

concept: flow Combing principals from both concepts, I began to think about the unpredictability of aquatic interactions.

The real issue here remains, that there is discomfort in unpredictability or the unknown. What if instead of seemingly random reaction, this “splash back” sensation was defined. If we could apply a regulatory system or a predictable elemnt to a splash, drop or wave, comfort would feel more natural. The parti to the left was developed while exploring the combination of defined regulating lines and the flow of a splash and drops of water.

It is a variation of the diagrams I created when thinking about the concept: Verve. Here I have combined those ideas with the concept of linearity that “cascade” introduced.

I settled on the term: flow. The term flow introduces both a sense of free-flowing or sinous forms but also provides a clear direction. This idea of peaceful meandering along clear or direct route is precisely the sensation I am suggesting my space evoke.

parti

defining, regulating unpredictability, spontanity

structured

adventure introduction

relax community connection

109

a defined interaction: Here we take the unpredictability and spontaneity of water and use regulating lines, given by the site to regulate the movement. the meandering line is symbolic of the predictability while the strong diagnols provide clarity and direction that help to confine the level of movement. As the opposing movements intersect, a unique moment is created.

I n e s s e n c e i t ’s a “ s q u i g g l y l i n e � that is confined within two linear elements, defined by the site. Below are diagrams that I explored with in the site and within the values. I asked myself the question: how can this idea begin to represent not only my concept, but my values.

d

st

a

ru

ct

u

re

d

master plan zoning, community connection

v e tr

t.

in

n

o d u ct

re

v

n

d

io

a

la

e tu

x

n re introduction

community connection

site adjacency | finalized scope

111

linking To the left is the conceptual master plan of the site. The buildings are denoted by zones, however the shell of the spaces do not restrict the movement of water. Here I felt it important to blur the lines of water and land, structure and freedom.

Despite the organic zoning, the program of the space remains defined and true to the parti and matrix that was previously developed.

Above is a linking diagram that explains how I anticipate the spaces being united.

Though the program is defined, I believe it important to the experience that each space maintain a connectionthat requires crosszonal experiences. This link may be dry space, or a visual aquatic piece, at this point it is not defined, I just want to define it as an important element.

final scope Ultimately, I found it important to zone in on my scope. I am focusing on the entry building, or building 1. Here I will explore the entrance to the adventure zone, and relaxation zone, as well as a large portion of the introductory experiences.

Dining and membership offices are also important features in this building.

Lastly, the indivdiual linking that stems from this building will be critical considerations as I develop the interiors/surrounding outdoor spaces.

master plan new site vs. original site

113

The new site will have more greenary and different parking stalls for each buidling. In addition the courtyard wil be reinvited to connect the buildings.

master plan the link The link will be a covered courtyard that connects the variety of spaces to each other.

115

master plan blue community connection This space will serve as the community center and connection to the community. It is placed along the entertainment canal. This space is crucial to the success.

This is because the community is lackign certain amenities suchas cultural centers, work spaces, day care and fitness centers.

The community center is also important because it is what connects this center to the community. By providing a space that connects and serves the community the site will become not a destination but rather a contributing member of society.

117

master plan blue training center The training center is provided as a way to help educate those who are interested in technical swimming capabilities. This space will not be the focus of the design but it is integral to the success of the site over all.

As the other buildings will be focusing on creating stronger connections with water it is important to then provide a space where they can practice their skills and improve themselves on a measureable level.

This space will include: lap pools teaching pools diving pools water polo pools competition commons a fitness center

119

master plan blue zone (secondary) This building will provide an experiential aquatic center, however it will all be supplementary or secondary to the main building (to be discussed next). Here adventure, relaxation and introductory aquatic experiences would be implemented because of it’s adjacencies.

121

master plan blue zone (focus area) Based on the site circulation and how people would be accessing the site as well as site views and adjacencies I determined this building to be the primary entry and the focus of my design.

The relaxation experiences should reamin on the east side of the building, as they are most connected with the community center. While the more thrilling or daring experiences should remain on the west side as they are more closely connected with the training center. The introduction experiences should remain centralized and connect with the courtyard.

123

building anaylsis site vs. building

JANUARY

sw entry

MARCH

FEBRUARY

HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

HI: 38 F LOW: 24 F

HI: 34 F LOW: 22 F

level 2 | primary MAY

APRIL

JUNE HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

HI: 69 F LOW: 50 F

HI: 59 F LOW: 40 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.66 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 3 IN

SEPTEMBER

AUGUST

JULY

On average, there are 166 sunny days per yea HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

HI: 81 F LOW: 63 F

HI: 83 F LOW: 64 F

DECEMBER

NOVEMBER

OCTOBER

HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F

HI: 51 F LOW: 37 F

HI: 62 F LOW: 45 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.62 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 4 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.07 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

Sperling's comfort index for Cleveland is a 55 The US average for the comfort index is 54. O 70-80 degrees, and we also applied a penalty

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.46 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

TOO COLD FOR OUTSIDE AQUATICS

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.32 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 15 N

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.72 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 19 IN

west entry

level 1 | employee MARCH

FEBRUARY

JANUARY

JUNE

MAY

SEPTEMBER

AUGUST

JULY

MARCH HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

HI: 38 F LOW: 24 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

HI: 69 F LOW: 50 F

HI: 59 F LOW: 40 F

DECEMBER

NOVEMBER

OCTOBER

26IN

Sperling's comfort index for Cleveland is a 55 out of 100, where a higher score indicates a more comfortable year-around climate.

The US average for the comfort index is 54. Our index is based on the total number of days annually within the comfort range of 70-80 degrees, and we also applied a penalty for days of excessive humidity.

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

41 inches of rain per year vs. avg. 39 (US)

HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F

HI: 51 F LOW: 37 F

HI: 62 F LOW: 45 F

60 inches of snow per year vs. avg. 26 (US)

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.62 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 4 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.07 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

39 IN

On average, there are 166 sunny days per year in Cleveland, Ohio. Out of 365 days, thats 45% of the year that they have sunny days.

HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

HI: 81 F LOW: 63 F

HI: 83 F LOW: 64 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.46 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

level 1 | link connection 41 IN

SEPTEMBER

AUGUST

JULY

ne (connection)

TOO COLD FOR OUTSIDE AQUATICS

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.66 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 3 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.62 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 4 IN

60 IN

JUNE

MAY

APRIL

HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F

HI: 51 F LOW: 37 F

HI: 62 F LOW: 45 F

FEBRUARY

DECEMBER

NOVEMBER

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.07 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.32 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 15 N

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

OCTOBER

On average, there are 166 sunny days per year in Clevel HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

HI: 81 F LOW: 63 F

HI: 83 F LOW: 64 F

HI: 34 F LOW: 22 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.66 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.46 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

JANUARY

HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

HI: 69 F LOW: 50 F

HI: 59 F LOW: 40 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 3 IN

CLEVELAND RAIN PER YEAR (INCHES)

US AVG. RAIN PER YEAR (INCHES)

CLEVELAND SNOW PER YEAR (INCHES)

US AVG. SNOW PER YEAR (INCHES)

ne entry

level 2 | secondary (cafe)

SEPTEMBER

AUGUST

JULY

DECEMBER

NOVEMBER

HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F

HI: 51 F LOW: 37 F

HI: 62 F LOW: 45 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.62 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 4 IN

26IN

Sperling's comfort index for Cleveland is a 55 out of 100, where a higher score indicates a more comfortable year-around climate.

The US average for the comfort index is 54. Our index is based on the total number of days annually within the comfort range of 70-80 degrees, and we also applied a penalty for days of excessive humidity.

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

OCTOBER

39 IN

On average, there are 166 sunny days per year in Cleveland, Ohio. Out of 365 days, thats 45% of the year that they have sunny days.

HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

HI: 81 F LOW: 63 F

HI: 83 F LOW: 64 F

41 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.66 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.46 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

HI: 69 F LOW: 50 F

HI: 59 F LOW: 40 F

60 IN

JUNE

MAY

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 3 IN

TOO COLD FOR OUTSIDE AQUATICS

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.32 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 15 N

APRIL

HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

HI: 38 F LOW: 24 F

HI: 34 F LOW: 22 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.07 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

MARCH

FEBRUARY

JANUARY

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.72 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 19 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

TOO COLD FOR OUTSIDE AQUATICS

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.32 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 15 N

APRIL

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.72 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 19 IN

HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

HI: 38 F LOW: 24 F

HI: 34 F LOW: 22 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.72 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 19 IN

41 inches of rain per year vs. avg. 39 (US) 60 inches of snow per year vs. avg. 26 (US)

CLEVELAND RAIN PER YEAR (INCHES)

US AVG. RAIN PER YEAR (INCHES)

CLEVELAND SNOW PER YEAR (INCHES)

US AVG. SNOW PER YEAR (INCHES)

Sperling's comfort index for Cleveland is a 55 out of 100 The US average for the comfort index is 54. Our index is 70-80 degrees, and we also applied a penalty for days o

125

MARCH

FEBRUARY

JANUARY

HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

HI: 38 F LOW: 24 F

HI: 34 F LOW: 22 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.32 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 15 N

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.72 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 19 IN

JUNE

MAY

APRIL

HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

HI: 69 F LOW: 50 F

HI: 59 F LOW: 40 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.66 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 3 IN

SEPTEMBER

AUGUST

JULY

HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

HI: 81 F LOW: 63 F

HI: 83 F LOW: 64 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.5 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.46 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

DECEMBER

NOVEMBER

OCTOBER

HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F

HI: 51 F LOW: 37 F

HI: 62 F LOW: 45 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.62 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 4 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.07 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

MARCH HI: 47 F LOW: 30 F

TOO COLD FOR OUTSIDE AQUATICS

climate analysis cleveland, ohio

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 2.91 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 13 IN

JUNE

On the left is an overview of the building shell. Each entry point is unique and interacts with the ground differently.

HI: 79F LOW: 60 F

Above is an anlysis of the weather conditions within Implying that an outdoor space would not be usuable and that an indoor aquatic center would be the most usable option.

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.43 IN Cleveland.

AVG. SNOWFALL: 0 IN

SEPTEMBER

On average, there are 166 sunny days per year in Cleveland, Ohio HI: 74 F LOW: 46 F

AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.82 IN AVG. SNOWFALL:0 IN

DECEMBER HI: 38 F LOW: 26 F AVG. PERCIPITATION: 3.11 IN AVG. SNOWFALL: 14 IN

Sperling's comfort index for Cleveland is a 55 out of 100, where a The US average for the comfort index is 54. Our index is based on 70-80 degrees, and we also applied a penalty for days of excessiv

adjacencies general adjacencies secondary blue zone entry training center

ocean, link

lessons

arts adventure

training

intro

competition

relax

library

vertical circulation

community connection

cafe spiritual

womens

mens

visual lounge

childs care

entry

FOCUS AREA

offices

127

To the left is the final adjacency diagram that I arrived at. At the base of the diagram is the entry. The daahed lines denote the importance of views to that space.

To the left of the entry is the visual lounge. Inspired by natual aquatic spaces where there is typically no memberhsip, I wanted to provide a space at the beginning of the experience, where community members who may not hold memberships could at least go to relax and view the aquatic center.

This space is near the cafe, which also holds views to the aquatic center and may house a larger portion of the community that doesn’t hold membership to the space.

Men’s and women’s changing rooms are located near the entrance so that members may enter and easily begin their “blue space” preparation rituals.

After researching different cultural bath houses and spas, it was

apparent that some cultures have more ritualistic patterns when coming into contact with water.

Adjacent to the changing spaces are private spaces where users may particiapte in spiritual activities prior to their adventure, realxation or introduction. Immediately after that, users have the option to either enter the adventure zones, intro zone or relaxation zone.

scheme 1 large scale curve adventure ocean, link

ad

cafe cafe visual lounge

intro

intro

vertical circulation

womens

intro

entry

spiritual

m offices

level 2

hierarchy

parti interaction

circulation

129

venture

ocean, link

intro vertical circulation

relax

mens

level 1

In this scheme the parti is not scaled down to fit within the building, but instead the gestural intersection of the parti and the building are celebrated to create spatial divsions. The entrance is large and celebrated while the cafe and visual lounge remain on the northwest side of the building.

The men’s and womens changing rooms are on the lower level, and adjacent to a central stair case.

This allows for both privacy and adjacncy to the entrance.

The back of the building is opened up in an effort to blur the boundries between the building and the

ocean or link in the courtyard of the site.

The stair and introduction spaces act as the primary spaces, as they are centralized and serve as conecting pieces from each point of the building.

The circulation is again representative of the fluidity of the parti. Celebrating the meandering nature of a splash the circulation provides opportunities for members to move freely between spaces. Also provided is a clear linear path that provides clarity and a clear direction for more structure oriented users.

scheme 2 adapted curve adventure intro

visual lounge

ocean, link

vertical circulation

cafe

vertical circulation

adventure vertical circulation

entry

offices womens

vertical circulation

level 2

hierarchy

adve

circulation

spiri

m

131

nture

ocean, link vertical circulation

relax

e

tual

intro

relax The second scheme takes the meandering line in the parti and scales it down to fit within the building shell. Using the same program and adjacencies this scheme also uses the exisiting building shell (to the East and West) to act as the regulating and predicatable linear lines.

m e n s c i vr ce ur tl iactai ol n

level 1

The entry is slimmer and more intimate as the circular structures at the south end of the building are celebrated in full form. This leads to a corridor sensation upon entry with a large reveal to the cafe and vsiual lounge.

The circular spaces at the front of the building act as large changing spaces for men and women. These spaces are now two stories with a large stair.

An additional primary stair is still located with access to the cafe, and acts more as a scultural piece that interacts with the aquatic zones in this scheme. The stair becomes a structural guide through which the aquatic experiences all file through.

The hierachy remains within this stair and the introductory space, in an effort to celebrate this connection between structured safety and uncertainty.

The circulation is consistent with the previous scheme as it weaves members throughout the space to introduce them to unique experiences.

design development form and order

level 2

level 2

level 1

level 1

existing building

proportion

133

parti The original building had a clear grid as well as sense of symetry. In addition to this there was already a strong corridor created based on the column grid. I implemented my parti within the space based on this grid and the idea of defining irregularity or creating a sense of predictability through a free flowing form.

scheme 2 spatial blocking

spatial organization

visual cafe

offices

entry m e n ’s locker room

w o m e n ’s locker room

level 2

135

spatial organization

introduction series

vertical circulation

adventure series

relaxation series

visual lounge/cafe & experiential introduction

level 1

conceptual circulation

vertical circulation As users primarily enter through south entry, they are then guided to the locker rooms so that they can have proper time and space to prepare themselves for the aquatic experience.

The secondary entry is through the the cafe on the west side of the building.

The vertical circulation is primary intended to happen through the locker rooms, where a very defined visual experience is implement.

However, there is also a central stair for those who do not wish to use the locker rooms or for those who are perhaps with a family of mix-genders and want to enter the park.

level 2

137

clear paths meandering path As a way to divide sound as well as the adventure, introduction and relaxation zones, two clear corridors are in place. This also provides a “dry” and clear path between comfort zones. Because my concept is “flow” which provides both clear direction as well as free flowing forms, my circuatlion represents both of those ideas.

When within the different activity zones (meaning adventure vs. introduction vs. relaxation) users will meander thus being exposed to different comfort levels and epxeriences. This will help with the introductory process. Additionally they have the option to by pass it all or visualize the experiences.

level 1

inspiration imagery lobby, stair

lobby, stair

stair

lobby, stair locker room

locker room

locker room

courtyard, link

locker room

visual lounge

architecture, texture visual lounge

architecture, texture

architecture, texture

139

pools

corridors

pools

corridors

texture

textures colors

pools

viewing vs. interaction

courtyard, link courtyard, link

courtyard, link

pools

introduction experience imagery & spatial description 1: VISUAL INTRO Visual Lounge - larger than body experience.

Introducing at a small scale, not as impactful. this experience should act as a metaphor for putting people beneath the water.

The y begin with a vie w from “above” the water. Then have a view next to the water, as it grows around them.

Finally they are below the water and s o u n d s a re s t ro n ge r. To e n h a n ce t h e experience, I’m proposing this space utilize a variety of water visuals including: water walls, aquariums, and fountains.

2: WAIST SUBMERSSION Partial submersion cafe - Here users can walk, talk or sit within 2-4’ of water. I propose a centralized cafe/ bar where guests can sit down and enjoy a snack, drink or meal while interacting with the water. This space should be adjacent to the dry cafe located on the main level. The seating elements help to encourage at least a waist level of submerssion, where as standing or walking will help to keep those less comfortable more dry.

3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE Splash pad variety of “splash” simulating experiences, suchas sprinkler systems from below, beside and above. “randomized” patterns in targeted zones. This introduces irregular interaction with water withought the additional fear of deepth.

4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Pool benching /splash pad cross over As people move deeper in water their comfort with unpredictable or irregular responses from the water become more intimidating. In this section the concept of the splash pad and the partial submersion cafe are combined.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3

2 1

introduction series

level 1

5: MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM DEPTH pocket pool -Large body of water surrpounded by unique views and environments to encourage movement.

Gentle and shallow waves that slightly push users throughout the space.

6: SHOULDER SUBMERSSION Deep pool - ramping 5-7’ feet of depth, clearly marked with varrying depths t o 7 ’. T h i s p o o l w i l l b e c l e a r l y m a r k e d as the space steps downward, this is in order to ensure that as users move through this pool they understand the depths. I propose this open water lounging area connect to the level 2-4 experiences, but remain clearly marked for a more natural progression that seems less intimidating.

141

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER Supplemental water water features - In this zone the experience 7 pool should still be in use put the introduction of more splash technologies will be incorporated as a way to continue to keep users in their comfort zone while their shoulds are submerged but also introducing them to facial submerssion, IE completely underwater.

8: FULL SUBMERSSION deeper pool - underwater experience (7’ +) of depth Again this space can be an extension of teh previous experiences in this category, however at this point users cannot touch the bottom.

Additioinal Lige Guard stations should be in place as well as the opportunity to check out life vests at this point.

The pool should be shaped smoothly utilizing curvilinear forms as well as well as many edges for users to grab onto and lounge with guests that are potentially not yet ready for this phase.

9: STROKE INTRODUCTION lap Pool - This space should have a large amount of staff available to provide expertise and knowledge to guests. In addition I propose that this space include heavy graphics and visual technologies educating guests in simple and basic swimming manuevers, essentially free swim lessons. This space should also be rectangular in form and relatively short in length so that as guests work towards being capable of swimming, they have a simple and clear space/direction.

10:UNDERWATER MOVEMENT open water experience- At the back of the building there is a linking pool that is reminescent of a beach or lake however this space is primary deep water (starting at about 5’-20’) and has a simple wave simulation to replicate open water. This is the final phase and is only meant to be swam in by the highest comfort levels. Lower comfort levels can wade in the shallow ends however, it is not clearly marked as the former zones are. (ext)

adventure experience imagery & spatial description 1: VISUAL INTRO visual interactive zone as a supplemental adventerous piece to this phase, there will be points of interaction with the visuals. Spaces where guests can run their hands through the water, stick their toes in or interact with the fish.

2: WAIST SUBMERSSION height interaction - One low level thrill is heights. Here users will have a visual of the aquatics from a high point. This combines the soothing connection of water and the thrill of heights. Incorporated in this zone, are rockwalls. I propose a shallow bouldering wall that guests can climb on and around while a deeper section allows guests to attempt to climb a higher rockwall as wel 3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE water wars - Introudcing irregular exposure through the form of squirt guns and water balloons wars. This zone has prepared water balloons, squirt guns dynamic movement and hiding as guests avoid getting hit with water.

4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Escape Room - This space takes a spin on exisiting escape rooms and couples it with a shortened aquatic experience in which users are placed in a room that is slowly filling with water while they must attempt to find clues. The influx of water never goes a b o v e 4 ’, a n d t h e r e a r e d i f f e r e n t l e v e l s or spaces that users can climb onto in order to move to a comfort level they are comfortable with.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

level 1 5: MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM DEPTH rafting experience - I propose this space function as a rafting simulation.

Each room would have a combination of a mechanical ride system as well as a visual technologies that create a realistic rafting experience. Here users are introduced to open water movment. This ride would encourage guests to understand how they move in open water and as a group.

6: SHOULDER SUBMERSSION Aquatic Maze/obstacle - This zone allows a variety of experiences that provide both physical challenges and comfort level challenges as I propose t h e d e e p e n d s b o d y o f w a t e r b e 6 ’, implying that a majority of users would at some point be fully submerged.

143

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3

6

7

8

4

5

9

7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER L a z e r Ta g E x p e r i e n c e - S i m i l a r t o t h e obstacle room however this room introduces lazer tag technologies creating a dynamic atmosphere. Here the water is at a deeper level however users utilize life vests, so that when the depth may be higher than their comfortable with, while also intitiating facial splashing and preparing guests to move without using the bottom.

9: STROKE INTRODUCTION Snorkeling, Wave Pools - This space should also provide some sort of floation device, however users can be mostly submerged while they are explored to move horizontally without touching the bottom of the space.

The snorkeling section will overlook a unique sculpture garden that is ideally changing periodically, inspired by local artists. (ext)

8: FULL SUBMERSSION Diving Pool, Slides - This area offers diving boards and slides that dump u s e r s i n t o p o o l s r a n g i n g f r o m 5 - 1 2 ’.

Similar to the height interaction. , there are varrying heights of boards to challenge guests independently.

There are also a variety of slides with speeds/routes.

10:UNDERWATER MOVEMENT scuba/kyaking /deep water - In one half of the link there will be a deep scuba diving exeprience and the option to kyak or explore deep water. (ext)

relaxation experience imagery & spatial description 1: VISUAL INTRO Meditation Lounge Utilizing sounds of trickling water, and simple visuals of water flowing along horizontal and vertical surfaces.

This room will maintain a connection to the outdoors and open spaces for yoga, meditation or relaxation.

2: WAIST SUBMERSSION sauna/steam room- Though this phase is slightly of lower interaction, it helps to introduce to over all moisture.

I propose these spaces maintain a visual connection to a water view.

There will be benching for relaxation and a variety of sizes/temperatures to provide comfort for all.

3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE mist room Introducing a very minimalistic level of irregular exposure this room has a variety of lounge surfaces with unique visuals outdoors and varrying levels of misting throughout the space.

4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Water swings, shallow waves - in this zone users are offered a variety of hammocks/swings and lounge furniture where they can then dip their toes in shallow water. I propose that the center of the room also provides a deeper lounge space with the misting element incorporated in order to continually push users to their next comfort zone.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

level 1

5: MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM DEPTH experiential showers - Though this space doesn’t encourage movement as significantly as the intro or adventure zones, the simulation of the showers does encourage movement while continually showering guests, different than the splash pad or other experiences where they can move in and out of the shower more freely.

6: SHOULDER SUBMERSSION experiential/horizontal showersThis is a play on the experiential showers mentioned in the previous sage howerver in this phase each experiential shower room has horinzontal spouts as well that target the shoulders of individuals.

145

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4

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7

8

9

7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER thermal baths - This space has deep seats and varrying temperatures. I propose that there are a variety of pool sizes that have low benching so that while they are in use, guests will have their shoulders soaked. The soft jets of the baths will also provide a small amount of facial exposure. More importantly these spaces will include spaces where users can lay their heads back and relax. By doing this guests are actually submerging the back of their heads which is a major touch point.

8: FULL SUBMERSSION experiential bath/shower - This space places users into individual filled baths with a variety of overhead showers, similar to previous experiential showers however they are submerged while doing this.

5

9: STROKE INTRODUCTION flotation tanks - Flotation tanks are individual tanks in which guests can set up a time and come float individually for a short amount of time in order to relax. I propose that color theories and technologies be incorporated in order to reinforce 10:UNDERWATER MOVEMENT flotation experience above deep water - In the other portion of the link there will be a deck with partially submerged lounge chairs with an infinity edge.

Additionally, guests will be able to check out flotation devices suchas inner tubes/mats where they can float in the gently moving water.

YY

experiential patterns adjacency analysis

DAYLIGHT DAYLIGHT

INTERACTION INTERACTION

WATER WATER WARS WARS

ESCA ESC

MEDITATION MEDITATION LOUNGE LOUNGE HEIGHT HEIGHT INTERACTION INTERACTION

VISUAL VISUAL LOUNGE LOUNGE

SAUNA SAUNA -STEAM STEAM ROOMS ROOMS

PARTIAL PARTIAL SUBMERSION SUBMERSION CAFE CAFE

LOBBY LOBBY

SPLASH SPLASH PAD PAD (IRREGULAR (IRREGULAR EXPOSURE EXPOSURE

MIST MIST ROOM ROOM

VISUAL VISUAL

EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE 11

EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE 22

EXPERIENTIAL EXPERIENTIAL SHOULDER SHOULDER BATH BATH SUBMERSSION SUBMERSSION

EXPERIENCE 66 EXPERIENCE

SNORK SNORK WAVE WAVE

DIVING DIVING POOL POOL

AQUATIC AQUATIC MAZE, MAZE, OBSTACLE OBSTACLE VISUAL VISUAL

EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE 33

LAZER LAZER TAG TAG LOBBY LOBBY

FACIAL FACIAL EXPOSURE EXPOSURE && DEEP DEEP WATER WATER

VISUAL VISUAL

THERMAL THERMAL BATH BATH

EXPERIENCE 77 EXPERIENCE

DEEP DEEP POOL POOL (LEDGE (LEDGE AVAILABLE) AVAILABLE)

EXPERIENTIAL EXPERIENTIAL BATH BATH && SHOWER SHOWER

EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE 88

147

RAFTING EXPERIENCE RAFTING EXPERIENCE

ESCAPE ROOM ESCAPE ROOM

ROOM MIST ROOM

LOBBY

IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + IRREGULAR MEDIUM DEPTH EXPOSURE + LOBBY

LOBBY

MEDIUM DEPTH

WATER SWINGS

SNORKELING, WAVE POOL SNORKELING, WAVE POOL

FLOTATION STROKE FLOTATION INTRODUCTION STROKE TANK

AL PERIENTIAL BATH & SHOWER

8

EXPERIENCE 5 EXPERIENCE 5

DEEP SCUBA, OPEN WATER KYAK DEEP SCUBA, FLOTATION OPEN WATER KYAK FLOTATION

TANK

INTRODUCTION LOBBY

EXPERIENTIAL SHOWERS EXPERIENTIAL SHOWERS

WATER SWINGS

EXPERIENCE 4 EXPERIENCE 4

E3

MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM MOVEMENT DEPTH LOBBY IN MEDIUM DEPTH

LOBBY

EXPERIENCE 9 EXPERIENCE 9

OPEN WATER

OPEN WATER

EXPERIENCE 10 EXPERIENCE 10 EXPERIENTIAL ARCHETYPES The primary goal of this project was to define a series of spaces that would help to improve holistic wellness, while accomodating for a variety of users (both culturally and comfort with water). After defining the 10 step process, and detailing the experiences I began to look at how those experiences between introduction, relaxation & adventure would relate to each other. Here I began to understand the supplemental requirements of the spaces.

For example, some of the zones would require some sort of supervision or que space, or day light.

focus zones adjacency analysis

level 2

LOCKER ROOMS

level 1

level 1

AQUATIC CAFE (LEVEL 3)

VERTICAL TRANSITION

OFFICES

ENTRY

VERTICAL TRANSITION

LOCKER ROOMS

INTRO EXP.

VISUAL LOUNGE

ENTRY ZONING

EXPERIENCE ENTRY ZONING

A DJ AC E N CY D E V E LO P M E N T As I analyzed the users I defined and the experiences that they would most likely enjoy I began to further define adjacencies. Upon defining t h e s e s p a c e SAUNA/STEAM sROOMS I (L3) then began to block EXPERIENTIAL t h e m w w i t h i n t h e a c t u a l f l o o r p l a n . SHOWERS (L5) T h i s b e g a n t o d e f iRESTROOM ne circulation as well as which zones would need stagg e r i n g s p a tMEDITATION i a l y a s w e l l a s h o w u s e r sAQUATIC m a y t r a n s i t LOUNGE i o n b e(L2) t w e e n e x p e r i e n c e s CAFE .

(L4) CIRCULATION

SITE ZONING

SAUNA/STEAM ROOMS (L3)

EXPERIENCE ENTRY ZONING

RAFT EXPERIENCE (L6)

UNDERWATER MAZES (L7)

LOBBY

CIRCULATION

CIRCULATION

CIRCULATION

ESCAPE ROOM (L4)

WATER STEPS (L2)

WATER WARS (L3)

SPLASH PAD (LEVEL 3)

ESCAPE ROOM (L5) CIRCULATION

WATER SWINGS (L4)

TYPICAL EXPERIENTIAL

EXPERIENCE TO LOBBY

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LOCKER ROOMS

AQUATIC CAFE (LEVEL 3)

VERTICAL TRANSITION

OFFICES

VERTICAL TRANSITION

ENTRY

LOCKER ROOMS

INTRO EXP.

WATER WARS (L3)

VISUAL LOUNGE

ENTRY ZONING

EXPERIENCE ENTRY ZONING INTERACTION

WATER WARS

MEDITATION LOUNGE

level 1

level 1 HEIGHT INTERACTION

CIRCULATION

EXPERIENCE 1

MEDITATION LOUNGE (L2)

CIRCULATION

AQUATICESCAPE MAZE,ROOM OBSTACLE(L4)

WATER STEPS (L2)

VISUAL

SITE ZONING

INTRO BUILDING FITNESS CENTER

LINK (L10)

COMMUNITY CENTER

INTRO BUILDING

SITE ZONING

LOBBY

EXPERIENTIAL SHOWERS (L5)

RESTROOM

SAUNA STEAM ROOMS

PARTIAL SUBMERSION CAFE

RAFT EXPERIENCE (L6) VISUAL

VISUAL LOUNGE SAUNA/STEAM ROOMS (L3)

SAUNA/STEAM ROOMS (L3)

EXPERIENCE ENTRY ZONING

DAYLIGHT

level 1

SPLASH PAD (LEVEL 3)

AQUATIC CAFE (L4)

SHOULDER SUBMERSSION

EXPERIENCE 2

UNDERWATER MAZES (L7)

CIRCULATION

CIRCULATION

EXPERIENTIAL BATH

TYPICAL EXPERIENTIAL EXPERIENCE 6 ZONING CIRCULATION

SPLASH PAD (IRREGULAR EXPOSURE

FITNESS CENTER

EXPERIENC LI

(L

ESCAPE ROOM (L5)

CIRCULATION

WATER SWINGS (L4)

LOBBY

LAZER TAG LOBBY

FACIAL EXPOSURE & DEEP WATER

DIVING POOL VISUAL

IN BUI

DEEP POOL (LEDGE AVAILABL

THERMAL BATH

EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE TO 7 LOBBY CIRCULATION

SITE Z

EXPERIENC

north side of building + link concept sketch

vertical transition sketch

thermal bath integration

corridor sketch

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design development The conclusion of the previous design phases has lead to the concept of flow. The word flow provides a sense of direction but also implies a level of freedom, and fluidity. This space is intended to direct people in a seemless manner, and combine a sense of comfort or direction with the unpredictability of water; making flow the perfect concept.

At this check point in the design process I have began to analyze the experiences that people both need and want based on my design theories, values and user analysis. Further definition of the program and spatial zoning as well as technical calculations of each spatial requirement have been considered.

Sustainability solutions are being considered and implicated within the design. The building should interact with the site, the community and each individual.

design development building plan

spatial organization 1. entry way 2. women’s locker room 3. men’s locker room 4.offices 5. dry cafe

6

4

5

DN

1 3

2

DN

DN

level 2

153

-

(8)

s p a t i a (7) l o r g a n i (6) zation (5) (4) 7. visual lounge

13 9

UP

-

11 10

DN

8. splash pad/cafe 9. adventure feet zone to waist (2) - introduction 10. adventure corridor 11. introduction zone 12. introduction -relaxation corridor 13. relaxation zone -

12 flotation tank (9)

8

UP

7

7 RR

visual lounge/cafe & experiential introduction

level 1 -

design development facade & courtyard development

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The goal with the courtyard and facade were to transport users to a different realm. This stems from the original intention of Randall Park mall. Initially the goal was to create an astmosphere thant transported users from Cleveland to a cultural mixing space that is unique to site.

I looked into mediteranian architecture as a way to achieve this and explored the combination of traditional architecture combined with modern forms and materials. These ideas combined with the concept of “flow� took me to these tensil structure which would connect the 4 buildings on site and highlight keey experiences.

design development interior development, vocabulary

First I explored the idea of a central stair case as well as grand stairs through both of the locker rooms. I wanted to encourage the use of locker rooms as it is important to take preperation time before an experience to maximize comfort levels. I also wanted these experiences to properly introduce users to an aquatic e xperience.

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1. Adventure zone: Within the adventure zone it is important to create an experience that promotes thrills, and excitement. I explored replicating a “cave� like atmosphere as a way to replicate adventure while honoring the metaphor of rivers carving out space.

2. Splashpad + central stair: The splash pad will remain at the entry experience in order to complete a zone that is not only for low comfort levels but that is child friendly as that is approxmiately 25% of my users.

3. Pool bar + central stair: As the pool bar is representative of the most common comfort level it remains central in location.

It is also adjacent vertically to the central stair so users can bypass other experiences in order to comfortably engage here.

07

final proposal Final renderings, plans and building diagrams shared through the view of users.

entry facade & master plan adjustments

1. Training Center 2. Deep Adventure Experience (covered courtyard) 3. Secondary Introduction Experience 4. Primary Introductory Building, with main entrance 5. Relaxation Experience (covered courtyard) 6. Community center

161

1 3

2 5 4

6

link, connection tensile structure, enclosure

163

As site analysis revealed, Cleveland has a long winter period as well as a large amount of snow/rain fall.

Because of this information, it would not make sense to have an outdoor space that could only be used for two months of the year.

On a conceptual level I developed a tensil structure that is representative of waves that would enclose the interior court yard but still provide a “natural� seeming environment.

spatial break down primary zoning

visual cafe

offices

entry m e n ’s locker room

w o m e n ’s locker room

level 2

165

introduction series

vertical circulation

adventure series

relaxation series

visual lounge/cafe & experiential introduction

level 1

final plans

level 2

167

leve1

introduction experiences level 1 plan

08 07 06 05 02 04 01

03 AA

1 1: VISUAL INTRO Visual Lounge

5 5: MOVEMENT MEDIUM DEPTH pocket pool

IN

169

2 2: WAIST SUBMERSION Partial submersion cafe

6 6: SHOULDER SUBMERSION Deep pool - ramping 5-7’

3 3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE Splash pad

7 7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER Supplemental water features - In this zone the experience 7 pool

4 4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Pool benching /splash pad cross over

8 8: FULL SUBMERSION deeper pool - underwater experience (7’ +) of depth

SECTION - AA

introduction experiences level 1 plan

08 07 06 05 02 04 01

03 AA

1 1: VISUAL INTRO visual interactive

6 6: SHOULDER SUBMERSION Aquatic Maze & obstacle

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2 2: WAIST SUBMERSION height interaction

7 7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER L a z e r Ta g E x p e r i e n c e

3 3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE water wars

8 8: FULL SUBMERSION Diving Pool

4 4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Escape Room

5 5: MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM DEPTH rafting experience

9 9: STROKE INTRODUCTION Snorkeling

SECTION - BB

relaxation experiences section

07 04 08 06 05 03 02 01 CC

1 1: VISUAL INTRO Meditation Lounge

5 5: MOVEMENT IN MEDIUM DEPTH experiential showers

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2 2: WAIST SUBMERSION sauna/steam room

6 6: SHOULDER SUBMERSION experiential & horizontal showers

3 3: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE mist room

7 7: FACIAL EXPOSURE + DEEP WATER thermal baths

4 4: IRREGULAR EXPOSURE + MEDIUM DEPTH Water swings, shallow waves

8 8: FULL SUBMERSION experiential bath & shower

SECTION - CC

a day in the life of: cleveland

MIA

8 YEAS OLD

ENTP Inventive, enthusiastic, strategic, enterprising, inquisitive, versatile. Enjoy’s new ideas and challenges, values inspiration Daily: Elementary School, Day Care Swim Level: No lessons, intriguied and excited about water

17 years old

KINSLEY

ITSJ Responsible, sincere, analytical, reserved, realistic, systematic, hardworking and trustowrthy with sound and practical judgement.

Daily: High School, Work

Mia is an 8 year old whose daily routine involves going to elementar y school and then day care afterwards. Her parents have never given her s w i m l e s s o n s , b u t s h e ’s n e v e r had a negative experience with water. On the contrar y being around the water excites her.

Sometimes her day care takes her to the Urban Blue Space a f t e r s c h o o l . S h e g e t ’s e x c i t e d and doesn’t neccessarily understand the dangers of water, and has a tendenc y to push the limits.

She visits the Urban Blue space once a week as a part of her day cares regimine and has a spirit for adventure.

Her comfort level is at a 5 but s h e ’s n o t c a p a b l e o f s w i m m i n g yet, which restricts her to a 4.

B e c a u s e o f h e r a m b i t i o n i t ’s important to have an adult evaluate her level and stay with her at all times. (often in groups of mixed use1 a week - level 4)

Kinsley is a 17 year old who had a near drowning experience when she was younger. Since then her parents have not pushed her to take swim lessons, but instead have supported her plan to steer clear of deep water, as neither of them can swim either.

Her daily routine includes attending high school and then going to work afterwards.

Water makes her highly n e r v o u s , s h e ’s u n c o m f o r t a b l e being splashed, or anywhere she can’t touch.

Kinsley has the weekends off and enjoys spending time with h e r f r i e n d s a n d /o r fa m i l y a n d spends most saturdays the entire day at the Urban Blue S p a c e b c , i t ’s t h e t h i n g t o d o .

She works a stressful week and enjoys spending time relaxaing and lounging around the water. She is occassionally pushed out of her comfort zone with her friends as they are comfortable swimmers. (often in groups of friendsevery other week - level 3)

Swim Level: Near drowning experience when younger, terrified of water above waist level

24 years old

LIAM

ESFJ Friendly, outgoing, reliable, conscientious, organized, pratical. Seeks to be helpful and please others, enjoy being active and prodcutive Daily: Work (on site), Exercise Swim Level: Average swimmer, minimal technical skills, lessons when younger, comfortable in water

Liam is a 24 year old who works at the center. He holds a lifeguard position, and is at the center daily from 8am-3pm. He is required to maintain proper training and swims (laps) ever y day after work as a way to make sure he is physically prepared.

Though he does this he still has minimal technical skills.

He had lessons when he was a child, making him comfortable in the water however he would prefer to be a more developed swimmer in order to excel in h i s p o s i t i o n , h e ’s d e d i c a t e d and has many resources that are helping him to achieve this goal. He lives an active and adventerous lifestlye, always challenging h i m s e l f. (independent- daily- level 9)

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31 years old

NORA

ISFJ Warm, considerate, gentle, responsible, pragmatic, thorough. Devoted caretaker who enjoys being helpful to others.

Daily: Work (Nurse), Exercise Swim Level: Average swimmer, no technical skills, family with boat access, comfortable in water.

42 years old

ELIJAH

ESFJ Friendly, outgoing, reliable, conscientious, organized, practical. Seeks to be helpful and please others, enjoys being active and productive.

Nora is 31 and works as a Nurse in Cleveland. She is living independently and due to long, tedious hours doesn’t always make time to exercise. When she was younger her family had a boat, and she frequently spent weekends on the lake.

She never had formal swimming lessons, but she is comfortable moving in water above her head, however she does struggle to swim for prolonged periods of time, hitting a point of exhaustion after about 15 minutes of swimming.

She doesn’t frequently visit the center, she may only use it 6 times a year as she has a connection to the lake with her family. When she does go, she does it as form of relaxation from her tedious job. Though s h e ’s c o m f o r t a b l e i n t h e w a t e r, she much prefers visuals or minimal interactions, as physically these activities are often strenuous on her. (small group- independent “new” user- level 7)

enjoys activities with his family and lives close to the Urban blue space. His family comes here once or twice a week as a way to adventure and bond together. The y are interested in developing their skills, but are catious. In addition, the family also maintains a variety of physical capabilities, and prefer to opperate as a unite opposed to individually.

His job is typically 9-5 during (Group of 4 - 1/2 times a weekthe week, however he still level 6) Elijah is 42 and works in sales.

H e ’s m a r r i e d w i t h t w o k i d s . H e never had a negative experience swimming, however he was never taught to swim. Though he is comfortable in stable and shallow pools, oceans or deep pools make him timid. His partner has similar feelings, and they both have raised their children with similar views.

Daily: Exercise, Work (Sales), Family Swim Level: unexperienced, timid around water

60 years old

JOHN

ETSJ Efficent, ougoing, analytical, systematic, dependable, realistic, like to run the show and get things done in an oderly fashion.

Daily: Exercise, Work (management), Family Swim level: expert swim, prior competitive swim background

John is 60 years old and works in management. He was an active as a teen and maintained that into his adulthood. Prior to his 9am work day he comes to center to swim laps with his spouse. He is an expert swimmer who swam competitively until college.

Because of his experience swimming competitvely he has a special appreciation for the water and he and his wife are

drawn to the cafe or visual elements of the lounge enough to come and use the space 2-3 times a week.

He and his spouse enjoy a variety of adventerous and relaxing activities and are always looking for something different. ( Pa i r - 2 / 3 t i m e s a w e e k - l e v e l 10)

building entry As users approach the site it is important that the metaphors or aquatic experiences are not overwhelming, but also not hidden. The tensil structure that hides behind the warm building facade helps to gently introduce this unique combination of experiences.

177

Interior Entry The entr y view will frame a sky light with a water texture and blue tint that draws guests towards a large central s t a i r. To t h e l e f t a n d r i g h t o f t h e k i o s k s , l o c k e r r o o m s are located with intentional journeys to the lower level aquatic experience.

DN

DN

DN

179

entry experience entry kiosk

Upon entr y, each user will approach a kiosk at which they will check in.

For first time users, the kiosk will ask a series of questions in order to d e t e r m i n e u s e r ’s c o m f o r t l e v e l s , t h i s will help both staff and users be aware of their capabilities.

They will also be provided with a wearable technology piece.

This bracelet will tell them which zones

fit their comfort levels and what they should do before moving on to the next zone. It will also snyc with their phone and can connect to bank accouts so that users can have the luxery of not worrying about possesions while in the water.

locker room experience As users transtion from the entr y experience into the aquatic experience it is important that they are given visual ques as many users are anticipated to have minimal comfort with water.

DN

DN

DN

level 2 men’s locker room

level 1 view of stair to locker rooms

181

SMALLER THAN SELF BELOW

SIMILAR SELF SCALE NEXT TO

LARGER THAN SELF ABOVE

ATMOSPHERE SURROUNDING

An important asepct of creating comfort is preparation and knowledge, implying that visual ques would help to acclimate users to being beneath water without creating discomfort.

As users enter the aquatic experience they first view a water wall. The stair then transitions them down to an aquarium wall that is larger than themselves. The diagram above explains the entr y process that would best encourage comfort zone adjustment.

visual lounge \ level 1 \ mens locker room entry Af te r ta k i n g e i t h e r t h e l o c ke r ro o m e n t r y o r t h e ce n t ra l s ta i r, v i s i t o r s w i l l h a v e t h e o p t i o n t o e n t e r t h e “ v i s u a l l o u n g e .�

There are interactive water walls, and oversized aquairum.

Visitors like Mia may spend time playing or stopping by the snack bar and enjoying the variety of views.

DN

DN

DN

183

splash pad \ level 2 Centralized between the two large visual lounges and adjacent to the cafe/a large seating or “super vision� area is the splash park. This zone focuses on introducing irregular interation with water while maintaining a clear sight line lounge spaces through which younger visitors can be monitored, such as Mia.

185

meditation lounge \ level 1 The meditation lounge acts as the relaxing counter part to the energetic visual lounge. Here the interactio with aquatics is restricted to the visual of the oversized aquatic wall and a soothing aquatic sounds that drown out the activity of the surrounding areas. Meditative mats and pillows are provided as well as vie ws to the exterior, as a way to help individuals remain grounded as they address their dsicomofrt with water.

187

rock wall \ level 3 \ adventure The adventure side is introduced with a climbing wall expreience. Here visitors can experience the thrill of heights combined with a safe controlled aquatic experience. Vistitors suchas Kinsley may come here with a group of friends. Kinsley is then introduced with visuals as she sits on the provided benching, or dips her feet in the pool while friends who are more comfortable climb.

189

pool bar \ level 2 The pool bar is centrally located as it offers a common experience that people are comfortable with such as snacking or getting a quick drink with that of being partially submerged. This pool is approxmiately 3’ deep and is

191

pool bar \ level 2 Again, the pool bar is meant to act as that modern day watering hole.

Here cross cultural and generational interaction can occur as there is a low risk level, a variety of seating and circulatio opportunities that allow for a variety of aquatic submerssion.

193

adventure corridor This transitional corridor seperates the adventure side from the introductory side. The glass corridor helps to provide views and visual ques to visitors who are focusing on increasing their comfort level betwen adventure and introductory spaces.

This also allows for visitors who have friends/family in another zone to safely watch until they are comfortable.

195

raft zone \ level 8 Applying the concept of creating comfort in unpredictability, I c r e a t e d t h e “ R a f t i n g Z o n e .� H e r e v i s i t o r s a r e g i v e n l i f e jackets and enter a room with digital technology along with a rafting simulator that provides visitors with a safe white water rafting experience. There are water features in both the overhead and ground planes that help to make the experience realistic.

197

relaxtion corridor Similar to the corridor that seperates the introduction zone and the adventure zone, this corridor seperates the introduction zone from teh relaxation zone, ensuring visual ques are still available but that the relaxation experiences are confined and provide defined acoustics.

199

swinging pool \ level 4 With Natural lighitng and views to the link/interior courtyard, the swinging pool is meant to be the ultimate relaxation spot. Here visitors can lounge while also practicing rhythmic movements. The combination of the fluxuatig aquatic experiences and soothing movements.

Visitors like Nora who are looking for a relaxing experience after work or like Elijah who may be entering with a family of diverse comfort levels.

201

Introduction space | view from courtyard

203

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design details The final design details should remain neutral as not to overstimulate users as they area already pushing themselves beyond their comfrot zone. Ideally each zone would have a distinct graphic style, color and branding point.

design details colors and graphics

207

Keeping natural materials and simplistic furniture is critical to the concept as sustainability is a portion of the concept. The furniture selection should induce feelings of relaxation and peacefulness.

07

code including code elements for public pools, aquatic centers and spas.

resources bibliography ESTABLISH NEED Human Issues PHYSICAL HEALTH ISSUES https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=KrFbRGzj-9I SOCIETY AND NEGATIVE BODY IMAGE PROBLEMS “11 Facts About Body Image.”

DoSomething.org | Volunteer for Social Change. Accessed September 17, 2017. https://www. dosomething.org/us/facts/11-factsabout-body-image This website offers a quick run-down of statistics, additional resources and summaries as to the issues that having a negative body image can impose on a person’s life. The list begins to introduce statistics about eating disorders that will provide a beneficial basis for graphics and logistical analysis of the design and demographic studies.

Wiseman, Eva. “Uncomfortable in our skin: the body-image report.” The Observer. June 09, 2012.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www. theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/ jun/10/ body-image-anxiety-eva-wiseman.

UNNATURAL OVERUSE, SUPPLEMENT ABUSE Heid, Markham. “Why Men Have More Body Image Issues Than Ever.” PEOPLE. com. January 05, 2017. Accessed September 17, 2017. http://people.com/bodies/why-menhave-morebody-image-issues-than-ever/.

This article by Markham Heid addresses the body image issues that men are facing today. As the media projects men to be more and more muscular, nearly 4 million people have turned to steroid use at least once to meet these unrealistic body types. This problem has become more prominent in correlation to social

media’s popularity. Heid interviews Dr. Harrison Pope, director of the Biological Psychiatry Laboratory at McLean Hospital in Massachusetts and discovers additional health issues that steroid use can cause.

This article offers statistical resources from a professional that I may begin to use in order to create graphics as well as inform design decisions that help to establish the need for a space that encourages healthy body images opposed to unrealistic body images. It clearly states the severity of health issues that people face after the use of steroids and explores the psychological effects of media within the male brain.

UNNATURAL MALNOURISHMENT WITH DESIRE TO BE THIN Macleod, Mairi. “What’s Really to Blame for Our Skinny Obsession?”

Psychology Today.

February 24, 2016. Accessed September 17, 2017. https://www. psychologytoday.com/ blog/sexy-science/201602/what-sreally-blame-our-skinny-obsession.

Scientist and writer, Mairi Macleod writes an article for Psychology today where she explores the true cause for women’s desire to be thin. She explored more than just American women in order to understand cultural differences and respects for body types. What she in fact found was that countries with closer ties to American culture and media (specifically media,

television) had lower self-esteem in their own bodies as well as a higher desire to lose weight. In areas where food was difficult to come by she found that they prefered fuller women, however women in these areas were often thin to a point of being malnourished and still in fact had body image issues wishing that they were fuller figured.

This article uses a unique technique and analysis of the effects of media on our body image. Again this source reinforces the idea that women and men have negative body effects and that issue affects more than 50% of the American population and should continually be addressed until healthy is truly accepted.

“GoodTherapy.org.” Therapy for Eating Disorders, Therapist for Eating Disorders. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www. goodtherapy.org/learn-abouttherapy/issues/ eating-disorders.

OVER TRAINING LEADING TO PHYSICAL HARM Berardi, John M. “How Intense Workouts (And Overtraining) Can Ruin Your Results. Here’s how to know what’s TOO MUCH when it comes to exercise.” Precision Nutrition.

September 07, 2017. Accessed September 17, 2017. http://www. precisionnutrition.com/ Are-you-overtraining.

This article explains the injuries that can occur when a person puts too much pressure on one muscle or one muscle group. John M Berardi explains the importance of rest and patience when working to achieve a healthy figure. Berardi also explains why people who understand injuries will continue to overwork themselves as a side effect of negative body imagery or a desire for an “exercise high” I found this useful as I was exploring both negative side effects of lifting too much and negative body image. This article seemed to tie both things together. Those that suffer from body image issues are more likely to over train and hurt themselves as a result, proving that spaces that only provide opportunities for people to exercise to the point of self harm are not truly helping people live healthily, not even physically.

Dale, Patrick. “The Effects of Lifting Weights Everyday.” LIVESTRONG. COM. September 11, 2017.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// www.livestrong.com/article/151501the-effects-oflifting-weights-everyday/.

UNCOMFORT OR EMBARRASSMENT AT FITNESS CENTERS Teeter, Naomi. “Why You’re Actually Too Embarrassed to Exercise.” The Huffington Post. February 15, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/

naomi-teeter/why-youreactually-too-em_b_9233196.html.

SOCIETY FOCUS ON IMBALANCED LIFESTYLE “Physical Health, Emotional Health: Connecting the Dots.”

EverydayHealth.com. December 22, 2009.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.everydayhealth.com/ emotional-health/ connecting-dots.aspx.

Editor, Health. “More Than 97% of Americans Guilty of Unhealthy Lifestyle, Study Says.” Health.com.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// www.health.com/mind-body/lessthan-3-percent-ofamericans-live-a-healthy-lifestyle.

Triggle, Nick. “Why are we so unhealthy?” BBC News. November 28, 2012. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.bbc.com/news/ health-20511602.

MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES LACK OF MENTAL HEALTH RESOURCES “Top 5 Barriers to Mental Health Care Access.” Social Solutions. June 15, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.socialsolutions. com/blog/barriers-to-mentalhealthcare-access/.

Szabo, Liz. “Cost of not caring: Nowhere to go.” USA Today. January 12, 2015. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.usatoday.com/

story/news/nation/2014/05/12/ mental-health-system-crisis/ 7746535/.

NEGATIVE STIGMA OF MENTAL HEALTH FACILITIES “Comparing perceived public stigma and personal stigma of mental health treatment seeking in a young adult sample.” Psychiatry Research.

May 20, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0165178114003886?_rdoc=1&_ fmt=high&_origin=gateway &_docanchor=&md5=b8429449ccfc9 c30159a5f9aeaa92ffb&ccp=y.

Pedersen, Eric R., and Andrew P. Paves. Comparing perceived public stigma and personal stigma of mental health treatment seeking in a young adult sample. PDF. Elsevier, September 30, 2014.

IMPACTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MENTAL HEALTH “Why Instagram Is the Worst Social Media for Mental Health.” Time.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http://time.com/4793331/ instagram-social-media-mentalhealth/.

Abrams, Allison. “Mental Health and the Effects of Social Media.”

Psychology Today. March 05, 2017.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// www.psychologytoday.com/blog/ nurturing-self-compassion/ 201703/mental-health-and-theeffects-social-media.

PHYSICAL, MENTAL DISABILITY INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENTS “Health and Fitness Workgroup.”

Health and Fitness Workgroup | Inclusive Fitness Coalition. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://incfit.org/ node/713.

CULTURAL & SOCIAL ISSUES LACK OF SENSE OF COMMUNITY IN AMERICA LaChance, Naomi. “So Long, Neighbor.” U.S. News & World Report. August 21, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.usnews. com/opinion/articles/2014/08/21/ america-is-losing-its-sense-ofcommunity-says-marc-dunkleman.

“Communities and the Lack of Physical sense of community.”

Communities and the Lack of Physical sense of community - Applied Social Psychology (ASP). Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.personal. psu.edu/bfr3/blogs/asp/2013/06/ communities-and-the-lack-ofphysical-sense-of-community.html.

Morgan, Carol. “The Value Of Community: Are We Losing It?” The Huffington Post. July 21, 2016.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-carolmorgan/ the-value-of-communityar_b_11109474.html.

Smith, Lee J. The Importance of a Sense of Community to Health and Growth in the Rural or Small Town Church. PDF. Nasar, Jack L., and David A. Julian. The Psychological Sense of Community in the Neighborhood.

PDF. APA Journal, 1995.

TECHNOLOGY INTERFERENCE WITH SOCIAL CONNECTIONS Photo: NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images. “Is Technology Making People Less Sociable?” The Wall Street Journal. May 10, 2015.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// www.wsj.com/articles/ is-technology-making-people-lesssociable-1431093491.

AMERICAN CULTURE, CROSSCULTURAL DISCONNECT Zimmermann, Kim Ann. “American Culture: Traditions and Customs of the United States.” LiveScience.

July 13, 2017. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.livescience. com/28945-americanculture.html.

Mason, Elliot. “Why is it sad that America has no culture?” Quora.

September 21, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www. quora.com/Why-is-it-said-thatAmerica-has-no-culture.

Colin Jensen. “What is America’s single cultural identity? I’ve been

told that America does not have a cultural history or a single history like England.” Quora. April 01, 2015.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.quora.com/ What-is-Americas-single-culturalidentity-I%E2%80%99ve-beentold-that-America-does-not-have-acultural-history-or-a-single-historylike-England.

Morris, Scott M. “CULTURAL DISCONNECT.” Weekly Standard.

December 18, 1995. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www. weeklystandard.com/culturaldisconnect/article/7992.

SENSE OF ISOLATION Cornwell, Erin York, and LINDA J. WAITE. “Social Disconnectedness, Perceived Isolation, and Health among Older Adults.” Journal of health and social behavior. March 2009. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756979/.

Voce, Baya. YouTube. October 07, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=KSXh1YfNyVA. Environmental Issues .

AMERICAN MALL DATA MALL RESEARCH “The Gruen Effect.” 99% Invisible.

Accessed October 01, 2017.

https://99percentinvisible.org/ episode/the-gruen-effect/.

NEGATIVE IMPACT OF ABANDONED BUILDINGS ON COMMUNITIES “The Impact of Abandoned Buildings.” Oaksure Property Protection. February 06, 2015.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www. oaksurepropertyprotection.com/ community-psychologyabandoned-buildings/.

Existing Environments with Similar Goals .

WELLNESS CENTER RESEARCH Walsh, Roger, M.D., Ph.D. Exercise Benefits Body, Brain and Mind. April 18, 2011. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=XHQVYq6bVpA. “The Real Issues Facing the Fitness Industry.” EZFacility. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.ezfacility.com/blog/ real-issues-facing-fitness-industry.

Sawers, Paul. “The Future of Gyms.”

The Next Web. October 20, 2013.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://thenextweb.com/ insider/2013/10/19/the-future-ofgyms/#.tnw_IrMj8mQy. “Why is the Fitness Industry Failing so Badly?” The PTDC. May 05, 2017.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.theptdc.com/2013/05/ what-the-fitness-industry-really-

needs-to-be-providing/.

COMMUNITY, CULTURAL CENTER DATA Suzanne Duval d’Adrian. “Wellness: More than Physical Health | Articles | Enrich Creative.” Enrich: reveal the good you do. December 01, 2012. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.enrichcreative. com/enrichment/articles/2012-0112-wellness-more-than-physicalhealth.

AQUATIC CENTERS, POOL DATA Aquatic Design Group, and Sports Management Group. Aquatic Feasibility Study. PDF. Chico Area Recreation & Park District, February 11, 2016.-aquatic center proposal guide “Interesting Facts & Statistics About Swimming Pools.” Visual.ly.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://visual.ly/community/ infographic/home/interestingfacts-statistics-about-swimmingpools.

“9 Fascinating Facts About Pools, Spas and Swimming.” The Spruce.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.thespruce.com/factsabout-pools-spas-swimmingsafety-2737127 SPA DATA Fuller, Steve. “Topic: Wellness and spa industry.” Www.statista.com.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.statista.com/ topics/1336/wellness-and-spa/.

Sonal. “Challenges of the Spa Industry.” Spa Balance Consulting.

January 24, 2012. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.spa-balance. com/2012/01/24/desafios-para-elsector-de-los-spas/.

Staff, American Spa. “Top 10 Reasons Why Spa Businesses Fail.”

American Spa. April 11, 2004.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// www.americanspa.com/business/ top-10-reasons-why-spabusinesses-fail.

“The Spa Association (SPAA).”

Spa Type Comments. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.thespaassociation. com/spaa-goers/spa-type/.

Robins Eisner. “Spas Now Part of American Life.” ABCNews. October 04, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://abcnews. go.com/Health/SkinCare/ story?id=117916&page=1.

BATH HOUSE DATA Furstenberg, Diane Von. The bath.

New York: Random House, 1993.

Suemedha Sood. “The Origins of Bathhouse Culture Around the World.” BBC Travel. November 30, 2012. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.bbc.com/travel/ story/20121129-the-originsof-bathhouse-culture-around-theworld.

Murdoch, Cindy. “The History of Bathing and Bath Houses.”

HubPages. April 27, 2012. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://hubpages.com/ living/The-History-of-Bathing-andBathhouses.

Angeles, Associated Press in Los. “Gay bathhouses across US face an uncertain future.” The Guardian.

August 23, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.theguardian. com/society/2014/aug/ 23/gay-bathhouses-us-faceuncertain-future.

WATER PARK DATA Schneider, Roger. “Safety issues, statistics about water parks in the US.” AP News. August 09, 2016.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// apnews.com/5163fa2032f3445e9e 8cccfec183ed3c/ safety-issues-statistics-aboutwater-parks-us.

“Fun in the Sun: A Brief History of Waterparks - Entertainment Designer - History of Waterparks.”

Entertainment Designer. June 26, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://entertainment designer.com/history-of-themeparks/fun-in-the-sun-a-briefhistory-of-waterparks/.

DETERMINING SOLUTIONS How to create and the importance of connections .

IMPORTANCE OF CONNECTION OF SOCIAL, MENTAL, PHYSICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH “Wellness: More than Physical Health | Articles | Enrich Creative.” Enrich: reveal the good you do.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.enrichcreative.com/ enrichment/articles/2012-01-12wellness-more-than-physical-health.

MAKING EXERCISE LOOK & FEEL EASIER Balcetis, Emily. “Why some people find exercise harder than others.”

Lecture, TEDxNewYork, New York, October 01, 2017. December 23, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=58_3Ox493fA. CONNECTIONS TO WATER Gregoire, Carolyn. “Why Being Near The Ocean Can Make You Calmer And More Creative.” HuffPost.

February 25, 2016. http://www. huffingtonpost.com/2016/02/25/ mental-benefitswater_n_5791024.html.

Richards, Chip. “How Water Connects Us All.” Uplift. April 08, 2015. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://upliftconnect.com/waterconnects-us-all/.

Devaney, Jacob . “We Are All Connected By One Body: Water.”

HuffPost. May 06, 2014. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www. huffingtonpost.com/jacob-devaney/ we-are-connected-water_ b_4915185.html.

Nichols, Wallace J. “Exploring Our

Blue Mind.” Speech, TEDxSanDiego, San Diego, October 01, 2017.

Nichols, Wallace J. Blue mind. Place of publication not identified: Back Bay Books Little Brn, 2015.

VARIETIES OF HEALING WATER TREATMENTS, BENEFITS, TYPES Koller, Anne. “The Radical Healing Effects of Water.” Sonima. June 27, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.sonima.com/ fitness/healing-water/.

Montaigue, Erle. “Healing Power of Water.” Taiji World. 2017. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.taijiworld.com/healingpower-of-water.html.

Crittenden, Lindsey. “The Healing Power of Water.” Spirituality & Health. December 26, 2013. Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// spiritualityhealth.com/ articles/2013/12/26/healing-powerwater.

Tang, Qin. “The Healing Power of Water.” The Edge: Holistic Living.

August 01, 2011. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.edgemagazine. net/2011/08/the-healing-power-ofwater/.

Coleman, Naomi. “The Healing Power of Water.” DailyMail. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/ article-11066/The-healing-powerwater.html.

Shaw, Ogie. “Winning the MEntal Battle of Physical Fitness and

Obesity.” Speech, TedxSpokane, Spokane, October 01, 2017. November 18, 2014.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=K60xHx836T0.

9 Benefits of Swimming Best Way to Burn Fat. The Serious Fitness. August 31, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=nNZcXuzMgcY. “2 Ways that Water Improves Health.” Healthy Holistic Living. 2016.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.healthy-holistic-living. com/2-ways-water-improvesmental-health.html.

ESTABLISHING PARAMETERS

Location .

EXPLORATION OF ABANDONED MALLS - RANDALL PARK MALL RESEARCH Christopher, M. (2016). Abandoned America: dismantling the dream.

Great Britain: Carpet Bombing Culture.

Matthew Christopher is a professional photographer who travels the United States and visits abandoned spaces before they are either vandalized beyond recognition, demolished, or repurposed. In this book he not only explores malls but asylums, theatres, and at times even entire cities. His photos are a way that America can remember it’s mistakes, failures

and even anomalies that just never played out. He not only presents the images he captures but research and commentary from tour guides or locals encounters on his trips.

What specifically stood out to me in this book was Randall Park Mall. Christopher had explored the mall and heavily documented the decaying interiors, however he also captured the essence of decay within a community. He presented to me the concept that when a business the scale of a mall shuts down the repercussions in the community are drastic and negative. Not only does this abandoned space need to be healed, but the community has wounds that they collectively need healed as well.

OHIO GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT, HISTORY, DEMOGRAPHICS

Hannah Armenta, The Northeast Ohio Media Group. “The death of Randall Park Mall: Mall Monday.”

Cleveland.com. June 06, 2017.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// www.cleveland.com/metro/ index.ssf/2015/07/the_death_of_ randall_park_mall.html.

“Census profile: Block Group 1, Cuyahoga, OH.” Census Reporter.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https://censusreporter.org/ profiles/15000US390351938001block-group-1-cuyahoga-oh/.

“Census profile: Cleveland, OH.” Census Reporter. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://censusreporter. org/profiles/16000US3916000cleveland-oh/.

“Census profile: Ohio.” Census Reporter. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://censusreporter.org/ profiles/04000US39-ohio/.

Spatial theories .

Designing Healing Environments -- CLAIRE’S BOOKS ---

“Comprehensive Census Data.”

Infoplease. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://www.infoplease.com/ us/comprehensive-census-datastate/demographic-statistics-48.

DESIGNING WITH EMPATHY, POSITIVITY Hutson, Matthew. “What You Touch Changes How You Think.”

Psychology Today. June 24, 2010.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// www.psychologytoday.com/blog/ psyched/201006/ What-you-touch-changes-how-youthink.

Charting the Changes: Ohio Demographic Profile. PDF. US Census Bureau, June 2011. https://development.ohio.gov/files/ research/P1096.pdf RANDALL PARK GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT, HISTORY, COMMUNITY, DEMOGRAPHICS

Weinlick, Ben. “Empathy in Creativity and Design Thinking.” The Creativity Post. Accessed October 01, 2017. http://www.

creativitypost.com/philosophy/ empathy_in_creativity_ and_design_thinking.

DESIGNING INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENTS “What is Universal Design.” Centre for Excellence in Universal Design.

Accessed October 01, 2017. http:// universaldesign.ie/What-isUniversal-Design/.

DESIGNING SPACES THAT CELEBRATE CULTURE Ely, David A. Thomas Robin J. “Making Differences Matter: A New Paradigm for Managing Diversity.”

Harvard Business Review. April 29, 2016. Accessed October 01, 2017. https://hbr.org/1996/09/ making-differences-matter-a-newparadigm-for-managing-diversity.

Rapoport, Amos. “Cross-Cultural Aspects of Environmental Design.”

SpringerLink. January 01, 1980.

Accessed October 01, 2017. https:// link.springer.co/chapter/10.1007 /978-1-4899-0451-5_2 ARCHITECTURE OF DECAY DeSilvey, C. (2017). Curated Decay: Heritage beyond saving.

Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Curated Decay follows author Caitlin Desilvey as she explores abandoned and decaying site as well as renovated sites internationally.

She explores the conservation of cultural heritage and questions whether or not we must collaborate with the natural decay process of

unused buildings or if we should defend against this process. She explains how historic places begin to produce meanings to their community not only when they’re preserved but when they’re disintegrating as well. She traces how our cultural memory is created through encounters with “ephemeral artifacts and architecture.” DeSilvey explains these higher level concepts through story telling of her adventures and follows with analytical thinking.

Though I have only read a portion of the book thus far it has brought interesting concepts to light. At the beginning of my research process I questioned whether or not buildings could hold emotional connections to humans within a community. This book explores those connections and has in fact reinforced my hypothesis. DeSilvely is concluding that even decaying spaces connect with community members if they have a historical past.

WATER AND ARCHITECTURE Moore, Charles Willard. Water and architecture. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1997.

Logistical Requirements .

“Avoiding Problems in Aquatics Facilities: Atypical design for atypical buildings.” Construction Specifier.

January 18, 2017. Accessed

October 01, 2017. https://www. constructionspecifier.com/ avoiding-problems-in-aquaticsfacilities-atypical-design-foratypical-buildings/.