Pt. 2: Foodnation

Foodnation

Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa

F

PFC. Thesis Project Ba. Architecture 2020 Authors: Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa Studio Advisors:

MSc. Urb. Diana GarcĂ­a Cejudo Arq. Pedro Mendoza HernĂĄndez

Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Design, Art and Architecture EAAD Queretaro, Mx.

6

Chapter I

Gasnation

Chapter II

Edible landscape

Chapter IV

Territory

Chapter II

System

Chapter II

Foodnation

7

The city as the mirror of the society.

8

Cities are constantly evolving; they expand, adapt and reinvent together with their inhabitants. In fact, it is the citizens’ dreams and desires that shape the urban landscape, inasmuch as they should have the power to decide on what kind of city they want to live. The answer to the question, how do we live together? Has never been the same because the way we live nowadays has nothing to do with how we used to do it.

The priorities are not the same; neither are the trends nor the technologies. Ever since the Industrial Revolution the world has changed quite a lot, everything revolves around the idea of living to work, working to produce and living to consume. This industrial fever has affected many cities in which we live in the present moment; the aftermath of a consumer-oriented society is severe, it has resulted on a long list of consequences that are just the outcome of a century of bad decisions. Now we get to live in cities that are flooded with cars, we breathe polluted air and we work within unhealthy environments.

For a long period these problems were set aside to continue strengthening industry in order to make as much profit as possible, however this has become an unsustainable situation that surpasses the capabilities of the Earth. We are living in a time when we clearly cannot quit on industry and its processes due to the humongous demand for goods, yet that does not mean we have to quit on dreaming about a world that can find a way of satisfying the current needs more as sustainably and responsibly possible.

As architects, we understand that our work entails an inherent responsibility with the act of making cities that are oriented towards the Sustainable Development Goals, that is to say, cities that are not only a collage of beautiful buildings, but instead an integral system that is ruled by a set of strategies which promote a healthy, safe and fair lifestyle.

The design of sustainable communities must deem the industry within it, this is a key component to achieve the economic part of the three dimensions of sustainability. For this reason, we consider of utmost importance to create a method to integrate sustainable production into the urban fabric. This project aims to explore new ways to catalyze urban regeneration in an industrial context located in the city of Queretaro, Mexico, by creating a catalogue of new ideas and typologies that aspire to sort out specific issues of the site and that later on, these could be taken as a reference when addressing a similar case study.

Now it is up to us, the urban planners and architects of the world, to redirect our cities towards a brighter future through designs that go along with the challenges we are facing as a society nowadays. Because the answer to the question, how do we live together today? Will determine if we get the chance of living together tomorrow.

Alejandra Kaplun + Mario Espinosa.

Queretaro, Mx 2020

9

10

Chapter I

Gasnation

11

Let me tell you a story.

13

14

An inventor

15

made techonology accesible.

16

A dreamer

17

was fascinated by his car.

18

19

20

A new standard was born,

21

the Fuel Temple: Gas Station.

22

Fuel made us faster

23

and more connected.

1

Reichsautobahn, Nazi-built freeway,1935

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But also more polluted

25

and dependents.

26

The voice of future generations

27

says that there´s no Planet B.

28

An inventor

29

is attempting to make clean energy accesible.

30

Clean energy will feed our cars

31

and driverless mobility will become the new normal.

32

Do you remember Gas Stations?

We are in 2070, they no longer exist.

33

Gas Stations what?

2

Diego Berruecos, 2016. Source: Centro de la imagen

34

ERROR 404 We are sorry, the place you are looking for cannot be found.

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Chapter II

Edible landscape

2020

2070

Cities are full of gas stations

?

Edible landscape Dealing with Junkspace.

39

Gas Stations are located in perfect spots Revolution of agriculture Future technology trends: New mobility

What is going to happen with Gas Stations in the future?

Privileged spaces need profitable and essential responses for the city.

Site Facts Gas Station

Location Accesibility Visibility

10/10 41

10 billion

42

POPULATION 2020

2070

How will we feed the planet in the future?

Agriculture 2020

40% LAND LAND LAND

WATER WATER

of the earth’s surface is dedicated to agriculture

70% of world water consumption is for agriculture

WATER

WASTE

33%

WASTE WASTE

POPULATION POPULATION POPULATION

of the world’s food is wasted

43

Agriculture 2070

44

Use Post- Gas sites to build a network of vertical urban farms Gas stations will go from feeding our cars to feeding us.

45

Why in Post-Gas Sites?

Privileged location

Second life to tanks and infrastructure

Open Field

= 1m2

1m2 x 3.9 kg 250 L x 1 kg Crop yield per m2 lettuce

LESS FOOD

46

Open Field

= 1m2

= 2.5 L

1m2 x 3.9 kg 250 L x 1 kg Crop yield per m2 lettuce

LESS FOOD

Open field vs Vertical Farming

MORE WATER

= 1m2

Vertical farming 1m2 x 80-100 kg 1 L x 1 kg Water usage per 1 kg of lettuce

R

MORE FOOD

47

Vertical farming

= 1m2

= 2.5 L

1m2 x 80-100 kg 1 L x 1 kg Water usage per 1 kg of lettuce

MORE FOOD

LESS WATER

GYROSCOOTER

N SO 1P

2070

T C U

?

PERSON

PRODUCT

INSIDE OR OUTSID

HEA 1- .30 tons / 50 km -... .

PERSON OR P RO D

A

UT

O

N SO ER

ELECTRIC TRICYCLE

LITY MOBI RO IC M

1P ER

BICYCLE

DRIVERLESS TRUCK

PE OP L

E

15

M

O

TRAN S P O R TAT I O N US

5-2 0P

DE TH EC IT Y?

DRIVERLESS BUS LE

LIGHT INSIDE / LAST MILE

1- 3km / 1- 10 kg

1

DRIVERLESS TRAIN

DELIVERY ROBOT

m/ 0k -1

AVY

EOP

EOPLE 80 P 20-

ON

O

SELF DRIVING CAR

1-

30

0 kg 10-5 km / 5- 30

kg

DELIVERY DRONE

DELIVERY VEHICLE

Chapter IV

Territory

Queretaro Located in the central area of Mexico

52

Strategic position to produce, manufacture and distribute products.

Most beautiful state in Mexico

53

Connection with other States.

56

1940

1960

1980

57

2018

58

59

4

Chapter II

System

60

Mapping of gas stations in Queretaro

The city as a logistics center Green infrastructure investment Select post-gas station sites Build indoor vertical farms Make a sustainable network of fresh food

Moving Towards a Sustainable Food Future

Vertical farm production sequence

PACKAGING

PLANT

CONTROL

SHORTEN ‘FOOD MILES’

NEW GROUND LIFE

Having an urban farming system shortens the distance between the place where food is produced and the place where it is purchased and consumed.

Urban agriculture will help increase food production, but without expanding agricultural land; This helps restore abandoned or unproductive agricultural land in forests or other natural habitats.

Goals:

Goals:

Cut down carbon emissions

Restore natural ecosystems

More access to fresh food

Promote sustainable agriculture

SHIPPING

DELIVERY STORE

SHOP

LEAN PRODUCTION

LOCAL IMPACT

Increase energy and resource efďŹ ciency by implementing technology and innovative agricultural systems. Improve productivity and cut down waste during the process.

Encourage people to adopt sustainable practices such as waste management, local consumption and shift to a healthier diet.

Goals:

Goals:

Reduce water and energy waste

Responsible consumption and production

Increase productivity

Economic growth

PLANT

Crops Catalogue

66

RADISH #eb272c

RASPBERRY #fd4d55

ZUCHINNI #626c40I

LETTUCE #547a0a

CUCUMBER #40811b

PEA #bfe01a

MINT #9fe15e

ARTICHOKE #c1ceaf

STRAWBERRY #a1100c

TOMATO #c61b00

CHILE #e72417

BELL PEPPER #fdd026

GINGER #e2b567

CARROT #ef640b

GARLIC #e3d3d1

ONION #e8e2d0

BROCCOLI #1f370e

SPINACH #4b5e14

PARSLEY #98b245

CELERY #7cb915

BLACKBERRY #32363c

EGGPLANT #6c4369

CAULIFLOWER #ffe4ac

BEETROOT #9c4852

CABBAGE #a53678

Janu

r

ary

mbe D e ce

F e br u

No ve m

ar

be

b er

Marc

h

Octo

y

r

April

er emb Sept

June

July

Au gu st

M

ay

Annual harvest calendar

Agricultural systems

69

Traditional

Aquaponics

Hydroponics

SHOP

Food Nation App

08.00

08.00

Hello, María!

DELIVER TO AV. UNIVERSIDAD 56

70

Know your f Nutrition facts 10

5

We know what you love We designed a special box of goods for you

0

Harvest at home!

Keep it fresh Be healthier

w

.

sk your personal virtual s.

08.00

Find stores We´re always close to you

Av. 5 de Febrero 418, 5 de Febrero, Santiago de QuerĂŠtaro, Qro.

71

08.00

08.00

Fruit

a!

Strawberry

RSIDAD 56

Kca

48

Car 11.7

Fats 0.5

72

Prot 1g

Rich pota acid

Know your fruit Nutrition facts 5

u love

ial box of goods for you

0

Harvest at home!

Keep it fresh Be healthier

Your portion in grams: 149 150 151

152 1 cup

08.00

08.00

Fruit

Your drone is c

Strawberry Kcal

i

48.6 Carbohydrates 11.7 g Fats 0.5 g Protein 1g

73

Rich in vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, and ďŹ ber

w your fruit

Your portion in grams: 149 150 151

152 1 cup

Thanks for 153 154 155

Estimated Delive

15 items will b Av. Univer

08.00

art

08.00

Eat the rainbow

Find stores

Last Month´s consumption

We´re always close to you

Av. 5 de Febrero 418 Febrero, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro.

74

8

d: Drone

9

10

This month, be healthier.

Add more color to your plate! Ask your personal virtual assistant to recommend recipes.

July´s veggies Goals:

Pay

The more colors on your plate, the more health-promoting properties in your diet.

75

08.00

08.00

Make your plate seasonal

coming

Shopping C

Order Summary 15 ite Jan Feb Mar

Spring

Apr May

76

Jun 10

MIN AWAY

Jul Aug

Delivery method Your order´s weight (Kg) 4

5

6

Sep

r shopping!

Oct

very in 10 minutes

Nov

be delivered to ersidad 56

Dec

Recommended met View order details

$ 475.

08.00

08.00

e seasonal

Shopping Cart

Eat the rainbo

Order Summary 15 items

Last Month´s consumpti

Spring

77 Delivery method Your order´s weight (Kg) 4

5

6

7

8

Recommended method: Drone

9

10

This month, be healthi

Add more color to your plate assistant to recommend rec

July´s veggies Goals: View order details $ 475.50

Pay

SHIPPING

The future of transportation

08.00

08.00

Make your plate

Your drone is coming

Kcal

i

Jan

48.6

Feb Mar

Carbohydrates 11.7 g

Apr

Fats 0.5 g

May

78 Protein

Jun

1g

Rich in vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, and ďŹ ber

2

10

MIN AWAY

Jul Aug Sep

153 154 155

Thanks for shopping!

Oct

Estimated Delivery in 10 minutes

Nov

15 items will be delivered to Av. Universidad 56

Dec

79

Chapter VII

Foodnation

Av. 5 de Febrero

Foodnation A playground of freshness

Select a site Architectural programming Create design strategies Build it yourself

83

Site location

N

Total area: 1570 m2

Site analysis

Pre-existing structure

Foundation

86

Drainage system

User and transport paths

Energy control system

87

Fuel gas system

Water supply system

Analysis Elements of Botanical Architecture 88

Ceiling

Corridor

Stair

Faรงade

89

90

The Crystal Palace London, UK 1851

91

Orquideorama Botanic Garden Colombia, MedellĂ­n, 2006

92

Las Pozas Edward James Garden Xilitla, México 1962

93

The Temperate House Richmond, United Kingdom 1862

94

Botanical gardens Palm House Copenhaguen, Denmark 1870

95

Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam, Netherlands 1638

96

Climatron, Missouri Botanical Garden St. Louis, Missouri, 1960

Design principles

97

Green maze

Lost in green

Modular structure

98

99

Program

droponics Hy

ol

rming scho Fa

uaponics Aq

r rido or

oductive c Pr

ming Far

Farming 100

Store

Retail

d bank See

t

veyor be Co l

Storage

Logistics

Transport ve thru Dri

OfďŹ ce Packing

neport Dro

101

Strong link Link Side link

Strong link Link Side link

Seed bank Exit

Supply

Entrance Customer

Store

Drive thru

Autonomous vehicle

Autonomous truck

Drone

Fr

Storage

Packing

Productive corridor Farming school

Farming

eport

resh products ready to be sold

Aquaponics Hydroponics Traditional

Design strategies

1 Takeaway 105

Modular structure

106

107

Flexible

108

Adaptable

109

Joints

110

axonometric view

front view

111

top view

side view

Water system

Water System

112

113

Retainers Hydraulics

B

C

D

E

F

S-03

A

1

2

3

4

5

115

6

7

8

N 1

2

Level 0

5

10

B

C

D

S-03

A

1

2

3

4

5

116

6

7

8

N 1

2

Level 1

5

10

E

F

B

C

D

E

F

S-03

A

1

2

3

4

5

117

6

7

8

N 1

2

Level 2

5

10

8

7

4.80

Drone Port

NPT. +14.40

Level Two

NPT. +9.60

Mezaninne 3

NPT. +8.00

Mezaninne 2

NPT. +6.40

Level One

NPT. +4.80

Mezaninne

NPT. +3.20

Level Zero

NPT. +0.00

Lateral Elevation

6

4.80

4.80

5

4

4.80

3

4.80

2

4.80

1

4.80

F

E

4.80

Frontal Elevation

D

4.80

4.80

C

B

4.80

A

4.80

NPT. +14.40

Drone Port

NPT. +9.60

Level Two

NPT. +4.80

Level One

NPT. +0.00

Level Zero

1

2

4.80

Section

3

4.80

4

4.80

5

4.80

6

4.80

7

4.80

8

4.80

NPT. +14.40 Drone Port

1

2

5

NPT. +9.60

Level Two

NPT. +8.00

Mezaninne

NPT. +6.40

Mezaninne

NPT. +4.80

Level One

NPT. +3.20

Mezaninne

NPT. +0.00

Level Zero

10

F

E

4.80

Section

D

4.80

C

4.80

4.80

B

A

4.80

NPT. +14.40

Drone Port

NPT. +9.60

Level Two

NPT. +8.00

Mezaninne 3

NPT. +6.40

Mezaninne 2

NPT. +4.80

Level One

NPT. +3.20

Mezaninne

NPT. +0.00

1

2

5

Level Zero

10

Paths

Movements

126

127

Droneport Drive Through Store Farming

128

Spatial Zoning

Areas

130

131

m2 Logistics Retail Public Space Farming Transport TOTAL

250 590 360 1660 610 1570

132

133

2 Just plug it in!

135

136

137

138

139

140

142

143

144

145

146

“You must unite behind the science. You must take action.

You must do the impossible.

Because giving up can never ever be an option.�

-Greta Thunberg, 2019 UN Climate Summit, New York.

References

Jardón, T. (2020). Calendario De Siembra - La Huertina De Toni. Retrieved 14 May 2020, from https://www.lahuertinadetoni.es/calendario-de-siembra/ Bioguia. 2020. ¿Qué Vegetales Plantar En Cada Estación Del Año? | Bioguia.

Retrieved 14 May 2020 from https://www.bioguia.com/ambiente/que-vegetales-plantar-en-cada-estacion-del-ano_29288932.html Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación.

(2020). Manual técnico Producción Artesanal de Semillas de Hortalizas. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from http://www.rlc.fao.org/es/agricultura/aup/huerta 148 SEDEREC (2020). Orienta y apoya a quien quiera poner un huerto urbano.

Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.sepi.cdmx.gob.mx/secretaria/huertos-urbanos Katherine D. McManus, L. (2020). Phytonutrients: Paint your plate with the colors of the rainbow - Harvard Health Blog. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https:// www.health.harvard.edu/blog/phytonutrients-paint-your-plate-with-the-colors-of-the-rainbow-2019042516501 Garden, H. (2020). Blog - Mesas de Cultivo EcoHortum. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://ecohortum.com/blog/ EPA, U. (2020). Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions | US EPA. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions

Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. (2020). Agricultural Production. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://ourworldindata.org/agricultural-production# NG, N. (2020). Feeding 9 billion. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www. nationalgeographic.com/foodfeatures/feeding-9-billion/ Waite, R. (2020). How to Sustainably Feed 10 Billion People by 2050, in 21 Charts. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.wri.org/blog/2018/12/howsustainably-feed-10-billion-people-2050-21-charts Phelan, M. (2020). He accidentally sold — and possibly saved — the 1st Ford Mustang ever built. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2019/09/24/mustang-first-one-ever-built-byford/2423417001/

149

Foodnation A playground of freshness

Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa