NEXOORIENTE

NEXOORIENTE MX PX

Maximiliano Cordero Salazar Patxi Jauregui Gรกllego

Content

Introduction The Corridor within the city What is happening between the city and the airport?

The Corridor International Airport of Queretaro The Components Airport neighbours: housing

The opportunists: industry The apprentices: university (UNAQ) How does the educational model of Mexico works?

How does the airplane’s noise affect the area?

The Corridor’s schedule Distances among traditional settlements Actual sections of Queretaro-Tequisquiapan Highway

7 8 10 12 14 18 22 26 31 32

The strongest relation Disconnections and forced relations NEXOORIENTE Strategies The offset Noise and pollution cancellation Master plan zoning Water cycle Loop mobility Productive landscaping Buffer’s vegetation The corridor’s axis Site analysis A new way to learn

33 34 35 38 39 40 42 44 45 49 50 52 53 54 58 58 59 60 62 64 66

The corridor guidelines Stages First Stage Second Stage Third Stage Fourth Stage Urban farming

70 72 76 80 84 88

Topography and rainoffs Flood risk: Actual section of the rainoffs Ejidos and airport perimeter Actual sections of airport perimeter

Buildings displacement

Commerce and services Transfer FOOD INNOVATION CENTER Functional relations Zonification Massing Floor plans Production cycle Multi-disciplinary area Greenhouse as a classroom Stages of crop development Sun trajectory Facades Cross sectional views Bibliography

68

90 92

95 96 97 99 100 110 112 114 115 116 118 126 136

6

The Queretaro Airport Corridor has become a strategic point of the city because almost 50% of the GDP of this city is driven by the machinery and equipment manufacturing. This is why a large number of international companies dedicated to the automotive and aeronautical industry have settled in the area. Therefore, the settlements nearby have experienced a dramatic change of lifestyle.

7

The Corridor within the city

8

9

What is happening between the city and the airport?

Querétaro

Lib. Nte.

El Marqués

HWY 57D

Saldarriaga

La Cañada N S

2KM

8.1KM 2KM Loma Dorada

3.2KM Milenio

2.9KM

0.7KM

La Cañada

Trituradora

1.2KM

2KM

1.3KM Saldarriaga

Los Héroes

26.1KM

Landscape 10

HWY 210

HWY 500

Parque industrial la cruz 0.9KM

La granja 1.8KM

1.3KM

Jesús María

Train tracks

Guadalupe la venta 1.1KM Urban Wake

El Marqúes

Colón

Aerotech Industrial Park Galeras

Navajas 1.1KM Advance

1.6KM Navajas

HWY 100

1.1KM

1.2KM

AIQ+UNAQ

1.6KM

0.8KM

Parque Galeras Aeroespacial

M

Housing

Industry

Airport 11

The Corridor

12

13

International Airport of Queretaro Queretaro’s economic and demographic growth is due to the large amount of industry that has reached the state and part of it has developed around the airport, making it a new subcenter of the city. Because there is still a lot of unoccupied space in this area there must be a correct planning so that the growth is not out of control and works all together as a system.

Querétaro presents a great opportunity due to the aforementioned and the current situation of the Airport of Mexico City (AICM). The airport’s operational congestion significantly restricts the possibility of maintaining high and sustained growth through increased productivity.

Currently, AICM operates 34 per cent of commercial flights throughout the country, and 56 per cent of cargo flights. commercial flights

cargo flights

34% AICM

56% AICM

The Intercontinental Airport of Queretaro (AIQ) has a capacity of 45 operations per hour and only operates 10% of this figure. Besides this, the AIQ is the100 nearest Bajio airport to Mexico City, just 2:30 hours by road and 20 minutes by air.

This is why this area is emerging as a great opportunity for Querétaro.

=

=

80

15 m²

60

8.7 m²

40 20 0 Ranking of airport infrastructure 1

26.8%

13.6%

22.6%

Querétaro

El Marqués

Corregidora

Canada UK

5 10

USA Germany

France

15 20 Italy

25 30

Japan Korea

Russia

35

China

India

40 45

Brasil

50

Saudi Arabia Mexico

Indonesia

55 65 14

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15 10 5 Competitiveness Ranking

Mexico ranks 49 in Airport Infrastructure and 55 in Competitiveness, below the world’s major economies This limits the growth potential as one of the 15 largest economies in the world

Mexico City Airport

47’697,541

581,675 tons

Guadalajara Airport

17’697,152

164,242 tons

Guanajuato Airport 2’323,772

1,365 tons

Queretaro Airport 1’024,023

53,289 tons

Querétaro airport occupies the 19th place in passenger transport and fourth place in cargo handling, below Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey.

15

Movements Arrivals Departures Total operations

45% 42% 13%

Nationals 6,800 7,018 13,818

Commercial flights General flights Cargo flights

Total passengers per year

X 1 000 000 1’024,023

Total tons per year

X 10 000 53,289

Total capacity

45

operations per hour

Actual use

4.5

actual operations per hour

16

General flights Internationals 1,326 1,515 2,841

Totals 8,126 8,533 16, 659

Nationals 7,106 7,125 14,231

Commercial flights Internationals Totals 9,089 1,983 1,983 9,108 3,966 18,197

Nationals 1,668 1,561 22,163

Cargo flights Internationals 979 1,097 40,360

Totals 17,215 17,641 62,523

Queretaro airport has a great opportunity. With the saturation of flights from the Mexico City Airport, Queretaro has the necessary infrastructure to receive all cargo flights that were originally destined for Mexico City, thus reducing the problem currently being experienced in the AICM and more economic income is generated in the state.

Currently, Queretaro Airport only operates 10% of its total capacity and with an expansion it would be beneficial for the economy of Queretaro.

17

Airport neighbours: housing

This traditional settlements were established years before the airport, this means that their way of living completely changed.

The total population is 13844, there are 3375 houses, the principal economic activity is agriculture and average of schoolarity is 6.9 years.

18

Agua Azul: Total population: 2255 Ages: 0-14: 802 15-29: 681 30-59: 659 60 +: 113

Galeras: Total population: 2899 Ages: 0-14: 991 15-29: 862 30-59: 868 60 +: 175

San JosĂŠ La PeĂąuela: Total population: 2392 Ages: 0-14: 759 15-29: 683 30-59: 759 60 +: 191

Total housing: 560 Housing quality: Floor covering: 462 Electricity: 487 Sewer system: 441 Piped water: 441 W.C: 451

Total housing: 707 Housing quality: Floor covering: 599 Electricity: 615 Sewer system: 618 Piped water: 607 W.C: 596

Total housing: 626 Housing quality: Floor covering: 547 Electricity: 569 Sewer system: 523 Piped water: 553 W.C: 516

Schoolarity: 7.1 1 preschool and elementary

Schoolarity: 7.2 1 preschool, elementary and junior high

Schoolarity: 6.8 1 preschool, elementary and junior high

Economic activity: Commerce

Economic activity: Cattle raising

Economic activity: Agriculture Coyotillos: Total population: 1808 Ages: 0-14: 633 15-29: 550 30-59: 531 60 +: 94 Total housing: 453 Housing quality: Floor covering: 391 Electricity: 392 Sewer system: 380 Piped water: 382 W.C: 381 Schoolarity: 6.5 1 preschool, elementary and junior high Economic activity: Cattle raising

Guadalupe la Venta: Total population: 935 Ages: 0-14: 301 15-29: 312 30-59: 263 60+: 59

Urban Wake: High class Residential complex with polo club and water ski. n.a.

Total housing: 219 Housing quality: Floor covering: 205 Electricity: 209 Sewer system: 206 Piped water: 204 W.C: 206 Schoolarity: 7.5 1 preschool, elementary and junior high Economic activity: Agriculture

Viborillas: Total population: 1138 Ages: 0-14: 369 15-29: 365 30-59: 340 60+: 64

Navajas: Total population: 2,417 Ages: 0-14: 901 15-29: 768 30-59: 645 60+: 103

Total housing: 260 Housing quality Floor covering: 229 Electricity: 240 Sewer system: 200 Piped water: 222 W.C: 214

Total housing: 550 Housing quality: Floor covering: 513 Electricity: 518 Sewer system: 468 Piped water: 468 W.C: 483

Schoolarity: 7.1 1 preschool, elementary and junior high

Schoolarity: 6.5 1 preschool, elementary and junior high

Economic activity: Agriculture

Economic activity: Agriculture

19

Navajas

20

Galeras

21

The opportunists: industry

Since the airport was consolidated, several industrial parks have emerged whose main companies are those that specialize in the aeronautical and automotive.

22

Aerotech Industrial Park: Total industry: 13

O’Donnell Aeropuerto: Total industry: 12

Albany International HBC Corp Papalotes Steel Belcorp Nachi Technology Inc Magna Certus Automotive Bosch Windsor Mold Group WireMasters Flex Brose Airbus

Pioneer Metal Finishing Bosal coche Liberty Spring (coche) Autoliv Steering Wheels coch Regent Aerospace Ride Control Mexicana coche Autoliv coche Chemetall Mexicana ambas Brenntag Pepsico Ganaderos Asociados de Querétaro

Duqueine Bombardier Meggit Air Brakes PCC Aerostructures Safran Aircraft Engine Techops Advance Aeropuerto: n.a.

Regent Aerospace

Maggitt Bombardier

Techops

Parque Aeroespacial de Querétaro: Total industry: 6

Albany International

Wire Masters

Airbus

Chemetall Mexicana PCC Aerostructures

Nachi Technology

Liberty Spring

Duqueine

Safran Aircraft

Autoliv Magna International Certus Automotive

Flex

Windsor Mold Group

Bosch

Brose

Bosal Ride Control Mexicana

23

24

Parque Aeroespacial de QuerĂŠtaro

25

The apprentices: university (UNAQ)

UNAQ has 1,500 students, of which 70% are not from Queretaro and live in retirement from the area. The university serves both the airport and the surrounding industry, thanks to the professional practices of its students.

26

Universidad Aeronáutica en Querétaro (UNAQ)

Total students: 1,500 Student profile: Medium-low social class

Queretanos 30%

Foreign students 70%

Most of the foreign students live in Los Héroes Most of the students use the school transportation

3 Careers: Aeronautic Manufacture Engineering Mechanic Aeronautic Design Electronic and System Control of Aircraft One Master’s dregree: Aerospace Engineering 3 Training courses: Aeronautical maintenance: Avionics Aeronautical maintenance: Engines Aeronautical maintenance: Precision machining Courses and diplomas 14 aircraft available for practices Class schedules: from 7:00 to 20:00 Alliance with more than 60 industries Alliance with Centa Alliance with Delta and AeroMexico 91% of graduates have a formal job

27

Universidad AeronĂĄutica de QuerĂŠtaro

28

29

30

How does the educational model of Mexico works?

Preschool

Elementary

Junior high

There are three types of high school in Mexico. The first is the general high school that gives students freedom to study any career. The technological high school gives the opportunity to study a technical career at the same time and subsequently study a professional career.

And professional technique high school is a job training.

High school

University

General

Bachelor’s degree

Technological

Technical career

Master’s degree

Technical professional

to schoolarity the lack of high schoolssettlements in the The Due average of the traditional is 6.9 is years settlements there a level of schoolarity

Around 4221 people have the average age to start high school

of 6.9 years, this means that they barely reach secondary school. The strategy is to create Most of the settlements only have preschool, a campus withschool, sufficient supply elementary and junior highto meet the needs of all nearby settlements. This campus will also foster the relationship between the components of the corridor.

Preschool

30%

Elementary

Junior high

6 years Corridor’s average schoolarity

Preschool

Average schoolarity in Mexico

Elementary

By 2035, 4756 people will have the average age to start high school

34%

High school

3 years

University

3 years

4-5 years

6.9 years 9.1 years

Junior high

High school

University 31

How does the airplane’s noise affect the area?

65 dB 70 dB 75 dB 80 dB 150 dB

The airports produce a lot of noise pollution that affects the people leaving nearby, this map shows the noise in decibels, the smallest radius (dark green) produces around 85 decibels and the biggest radius (light pink) around 60. This phenomenon reaches some of the neighborhoods affecting their welfare and life style because the admissible noise for housing goes from 35 to 40.

32

The Corridor’s schedule Schedules tend to fluctuate a lot due to the airport which means that in the late hours of the night there is still people in the zone.

00:00

23:00

01:00 02:00

22:00

03:00

21:00

04:00

20:00

19:00

05:00

06:00

18:00

Industry 17:00

07:00

UNAQ Settlements

16:00

08:00

Airport

09:00

15:00

14:00

10:00 13:00

12:00

11:00

33

Distances among traditional settlements

12 minutes 26 minutes 9.2 km

8 minutes 16 minutes 5.1 km

4 minutes 9 minutes 3.1 km

4 minutes 8 minutes 2.7 km

10 minutes 21 minutes 8.2 km

15 minutes 31 minutes 12.1 km

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

Currently the corridor does not have a public transport, which means that people do not leave their town and do not have an interaction with the other components. Due to the lack of road infrastructure, the distances are very long even by car.

34

rain off ood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

Actual sections of Queretaro-Tequisquiapan highway

sidewalk

road

u-turn

median

u-turn

road

sidewalk bus stop

Galeras San JosĂŠ la PeĂąuela

sidewalk road bus stop

road

sidewalk bus stop

Queretaro-Tequisquiapan Highway is the main axis of the corridor.

In some sections of the road, the conditions are optimal, but in some others there is lack of quality in streets as in sidewalks.

35

36

37

Topography and rainoffs

CORRIDOR

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

The airport is located in a flood zone due to the topography of the place. On the other hand, the corridor is close to an area of ​​ aquifers, which can benefit the water cycle, and the proposal is to leave that land use exclusively to return the water to the subsoil.

38

0.5 rain0 off flood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

1

rain off flood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

Flood risk: Actual section of the rainoffs

500 m

AIQ

3.5 km

Regulating reservoir : To contain the water

500 m

AIQ

3.5 km

The airport is in a risk zone with respect to the topography of the area. To avoid this, a regulating reservoir is proposed to stop the rainoffs caused. This project also consists of a canal that surrounds the airport to divert water to an area of ​​aquifers.

39

An ejido is a shared land in the outside of a city that is used for common services, such as agricultural activities and cattle raising.

40

Ejidos and airport perimeter

A

A

B B

C

D

C

E

E

D

train rails airport perimeter inside offset (sound reduction area) outside offset (possible productive landspace)

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

street canal rain off regulating reservoir ood zones wells absorption zone productive landscape embankments tree nursery rain off Corridor’s axis canal proposal Qrobus stop regulating reservoir wells

train rails airport perimeter ejidos farm

41

Actual sections of airport perimeter Section A Section A Section A Section A Settlement: Section A Navajas Settlement: Section B Navajas Settlement: Navajas Section B Section B Navajas Settlement: Section B Settlement: Navajas Train rails Section B

Inside Airport

Train rails Section C Train rails Section C

Inside Airport Inside Airport

Train railsC Section

Inside Airport

Section Train railsC

Inside Airport

Settlement: Section C Viborillas Section D Viborillas Settlement: Settlement: Viborillas Section D Section D Settlement: Viborillas Section D Settlement: Viborillas Farm D Section Section E Farm Farm Section E Section E Farm Section E Farm Settlement: Galeras Section E Settlement: Galeras

Inside Airport

Settlement: Galeras

Inside Airport

Settlement: Galeras

Inside Airport

Settlement: Galeras

Inside Airport

42

Inside Airport

Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport

Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport Inside Airport

43

The strongest relation

$$

$$

$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

$$

rain off ood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

44

Disconnections and forced relations

ag

ric

ult

ure

pro

du

ctio

n

production agriculture production agriculture

re

tu

ul

ric

ag

ulture

agric

n

tio

uc

od pr

re

tu

ul

ic

r ag

pro

on ducti

n

tio

uc

od pr

ulture

agric

re

tu

ul

ic

r ag

n

tio

uc

od pr

re

tu

ul

ic

r ag

n

tio

uc

od pr

prod

ulture

agric

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

rain off ood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

45

HOW DOES A POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDUSTRY, SETTLEMENTS, AND AN AIRPORT IS GENERATED WITHIN AN EQUITATIVE OUTCOME? 46

HOW DOES AN AIRPORT SUBCENTER FOCUSED ON THE INDUSTRY IS INHABITED AND DEVELOPED PRIORITIZING THE LIFE QUALITY AND THE CITY PROSPERITY?

HOW WILL WE LIVE TOGETHER?

HOW WILL THE AIRPORT, SETTLEMENTS, AND INDUSTRY INTERACT? DOES AN AIRPORT AFFECT THE PEOPLE’S LIFESTYLE LIVING NEARBY? HOW DOES THE GROWTH OF A CITY STOP?

47

48

NEXOORIENTE

49

Strategies Biosoc ial

nsversal ed a r T uc

W

care er d u o c r t i p o at n od t ra Fo

ion t a

n itio ns 50

y m y ion ilit erat n ge

ec on o Gre M en o re b

Bio-social economy: Promote economy based on the regeneration of biological and social resources in circular, local, life-taking care, and solidary way.

Use nature as a template. Green infrastructure can take nature as the example and transform the corridor.

Mobility: Connect the airport with its components in an accessible way, an efficient loop with transport and adequate roads

Green regeneration: Green production that generates trees for the corridor and its surroundings, creating a lung for the city.

Water Care: Protect the corridor from water and take advantage of it, but in the same way respect its natural cycle

Food production transition: Food production is the main profile of the corridor. Educate and teach new practices of this process. Generate new ideas adapted to the landscape.

Transversal education: Local people need education. Create a transversal education model combining different skills and professions as a way of learning.

51

The offset

CORRIDOR 0

52

0.5

1

rain off ood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir street wells canal regulating reservoir absorption zone productive landscape embankments tree nursery Corridor’s axis Qrobus stop

train rails airport perimeter inside offset (sound reduction area) outside offset (possible productive landspace)

train rails airport perimeter ejidos farm

Noise and pollution cancellation

Embankments and vegetation reduce low frequency sounds of the airplanes

Less density of more maintenance trees

More density of less maintenance trees

One of the main threats that exists in the corridor is noise pollution and CO² emission.

A main idea for a master plan Navajas a linear park in consists of creating which the vegetation diminishes the environmental and sound impact that the airport causes.

Inside Airport Non-productive buffer

Adjacent to the settlements, a technique that reduces the low frequency emitted by airplanes can be implemented.

Viborillas Productive buffer

Inside Airport Non-productive buffer

53

1

1

2 2

CORRIDOR

CORRIDOR CORRIDOR CORRIDOR CORRIDOR CORRIDOR

0 0 0

0

54

0.5 0.5 0.5 0

1 1 1 0.50

0.5

1 0.5

11

rain off off rain rain offzones rain off rain off flood flood zones flood zones flood zones flood zones wells wells wells wells wells rain off off rain rain rain off rain off canaloff proposal canal proposal canal proposal canal proposal canal proposal regulating reservoir regulating reservoir regulating regulating regulating reservoir reservoir reservoir wells wells wells wells wells

rain off flood zones wells

3

4

5

3

5

4

street canal regulating reservoir absorption zone productive landscape embankments tree nursery Corridor’s axis Qrobus stop

55

Street Street Street Street Street Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section Section 1 1

Train rails Train rails Train rails Train Train rails rails Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section Section 2 2

Noise reduction Noise reduction Noise reduction Noise Noise reduction reduction Airport limit Airport limit Airport limit Airport Airport limit limit

Street Street Street Street Street

Canal typology 1 Canal typology 1 Canal typology 1 Canal Canal typology typology 1 1 Airport limit Airport limit Airport limit Airport Airport limit limit

Productive landscape Productive landscape Productive landscape Productive Productive landscape landscape Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 3 Section

Productive landscape Productive landscape Productive landscape Productive landscape Noise reduction Productive landscape Noise reduction Noise reduction Section 4 Noise reduction Section 4 Noise reduction Section 4 Section Section 4 4

Galeras Galeras Galeras Galeras Galeras Section 5 Section 5 Section 5 Section Section 5 5 56

Canal typology 1 Canal typology 1 Canal typology 1 Canal typology typology 1 1 Canal

Embankments Embankments Embankments Noise reduction Embankments Embankments Noise reduction Noise Airport limitreduction Noise Airport limit Noise reduction reduction Airport limit Airport Airport limit limit

Street Street Street Street Street

Canal typology 2 Canal typology 2 Canal typology 2 Canal Canal typology typology 2 2

Noise reduction Noise reduction Noise reduction Noise Noise reduction reduction Airport limit Airport limit Airport limit Airport Airport limit limit

Street Street Street Street Street

Can Can Can Can

Airp Airport Airport Airport Airport

Embankments Embankments Embankments Embankments Embankments

Canal typology 1 nal typology 1 nal typology 1 nal nal typology typology 1 1

This loop that surrounds the airport seeks to make the connectivity between the components more efficient, as well as to introduce a productive landscape since the main economic activity of the settlements is agriculture.

Likewise, it seeks to reduce the pollution produced by the airport.

One of these anti-noise strategies is to create banks of earth that deflect noise from aircrafts.

Embankments Embankments Embankments Embankments Embankments

Embankments Embankments Embankments Noise Embankments reduction Embankments Noise reduction Noise reduction port limit reduction t limit Noise t limit Noise reduction tt limit limit

57

Water cycle An intention of the project, due to the geographical elements that make up the corridor, such as its topography and aquifers, is to adequately care for the natural water cycle, it is sought through a regulating reservoir and a canal, not only to protect the area from possible floods but also return the water to the aquifers through an environmentally friendly process.

A canal that works for a large part of the year as a wetland, since the rainy season is short. When it arrives, the channel adapts its transition zone that allows it to carry a denser flow of water.

Canal typology 1

Loop mobility The proposed mobility for the buffer includes two shared lanes, an exclusive Qrobus lane, and a bike path. This way accessibility among the components is highly increased.

58

Canal typology 2

Productive landscaping Productive landscaping To be able to create a pleasant landscape but at the same time take advantage of this land for production. It seeks to harvest plants that need to go through a process and then consume them.

Venlo Greenhouses The idea is to be able to produce food in a controlled way, not exposed to contamination and more efficiently thanks to the high technology of the greenhouses.

winter

autumm

summer

spring

Venlo Greenhouses Productive landscaping Fruits and vegetables Spices and essences Flowers Food production Ornamental plants

59

Buffer’s vegetation

CORRIDOR 0

0.5

1

rain off flood zones wells

rain off canal proposal regulating reservoir wells

60

Agave/

Mapped vegetation Nowadays you can find Jacaranda mimosifolia throughout the highway plants Tabachin/ of this type. This trees are very Delonix regia common in Queretaro but they Pirul/ are not native and they are of Schinus terebinthifolia moderate maintenance.

Jacaranda/

Agave

Mediopicta/

Furcraea foetida

Peniseto/

Pennisetum setaceum

Cumin/ Comino/ Cuminum cyminum

Oregano

Origanum vulgare

Rosemary/ Romero/

Salvia rosmarinus

Ginger/ Jengibre/

Zingiber ofďŹ cinale

Lavender/ Lavanda/

Commerce and production plants This type of plants can grow easily in this zone and they are often used for commercial purposes.

Lavandula

Marigold/ CempasĂşchil/

Tagetes erecta

Calla lily/ Alcatraz/

Zantedeschia aethiopica

Lantana/

Lantana camara

Dahlia/ Dahlia

Arnica/

Arnica montana

Mezquite /

Prosopis laevigata

Palo bobo /

Ipomea murocoides

Palo xixote /

Bursera fagaroides

Pata de vaca /

Bahuinia dipetala

Native vegetation This is the actual vegetation of the zone that does not need maintenance, this is why it is planned to occupy more area to help to reduce noise and pollution.

Huizache /

Acacia farnesiana

61

The corridor’s axis

Besides from being the middle point between the components, this spot is right in front the airport and UNAQ.

62

63

Site analysis This site analysis shows the basic information about external factors that are going to shape the design.

n Rai

offs

ise No

Cor rido r Airpo rt

64

wi nd s

Industry

Settlements

s e view rabl o v Fa erve Res

Pre vai lin g

N

Summer

W

E

Winter

S

65

A new way to learn

Conventional agriculture Use of machinery New technology implementation Venlo Greenhouses technology Genetics study Nutritional research

Cultivation and harvest

Fresh Food Production

Seed storage

Processed Food Food Manufacturing

Conservation techniques Production improvement New technology implementation Innovation in packaging Generation of new products

Income Generation Marketing Sellings

Distribution Local market Exterior sells Gastronomy and services Nutritional education

Main axis

Administration

66

This new way of learning is based on a transversal education in which students will be able to develope different competences in order to perform above average.

The Corridor’s axis is defined as a FOOD INNOVATION CENTER (CIPA), in which its architectural program seeks this educational development.

The education is going to be boosted by cultural and sports activities, also it is going to be built within a bio-social economy which means it will depend on the regeneration of biological and social resources.

Complements

Education Students will be able to study for free thanks to the economic which works through the production and commercialization of fresh and processed food.

Economic cycle

67

Buildings displacement

UNAQ (300 m)

68

Airport (550 m)

Housing

FOOD INNOVATION CENTER CIPA Mobility

Education and Culture Sports Facility Commerce and Services

Parking 69

The corridor guidelines In order to build within the corridor all buildings must follow this rules to achieve order between the nature and urban layer.

5

6

3

2

1

eters

30 m

30

t

stree

70

4

15 meters

9 meters

1

m

et

er

s

tp

os

Maximum height of buildings according to street

Ne

itiv

ee

ne

rgy

1

use

ter wa

f 1o

use

5

0.

2

6

3 4 0.2 of public space in ground oor

ve siti

o

p et

N

x

Ac

tive

n di

i

vo

faç

ad

es

ry

eve

to

g

din

il bu

avo

id

bli

nd

sp

ots

71

1

First stage

72

Mobility A new treatment is proposed for the corridor, also a circuit that connects all the components that surround the airport, with efficient public transport.

Embankments Arranged in strategic areas to reduce low-frequency noise that aircraft emit to settlements.

These areas serve as a guide to start planting trees and then expand to the sides.

CIPA: First stage Productive landscape: It is made up of three buildings The first stage of the productive with an educational program. Also landscape appears. the transfer, which is intended to be the connection between various means of transport. This stage also includes the tree nursery that will serve to afforest the buffer and everything around it.

Water system: The purpose of this system is to protect the airport and the area from possible floods and to respect the natural cycle of the water, guiding it to an absorption zone.

73

1

First stage

74

Research building Administration building Production building This building receives all Administration offices and This is where most of the the food production so it orchards. production will take place. can be washed, processed, packaged, and storaged.

Parking building: Since the project is focused on pedestrians the use of car is going to be limited throughout the block so that all the vehicles will use this building.

Transfer: It seeks to be the basis of different forms of transport that benefit different users.

Commerce and services: Modules that formalize all the commerces that are within the corridor.

Tree nursery: Landscaping project that seeks to be the basis to reforest the corridor.

75

2

Second stage

76

Buffer expansion Here continues the expansion of the buffer. As mentioned in stage 1, the embankment zones function as the start of this afforestation.

CIPA: Second stage This stage lifts the buildings that are necessary to complement the education of students, such as a sports center, cultural center and a library.

Productive landscape The expansion of this area continues, more Venlo greenhouses appear.

77

2

Second stage

78

Sports center: A recreational space that includes football, basketball, volleyball courts and a gym.

Cultural center Library A place where they can Complement the education develop a taste for art, music, of students through reading. painting, singing, dancing, as well as learning new languages.

79

3

Third stage

80

CIPA: Third stage Last stage of the transfer. A tram that connects the airport with the city of QuerĂŠtaro more quickly.

Buffer expansion The vegetation covers almost the entire perimeter of the airport.

81

3

Third stage

82

Transfer: In its last stage, a tram is added that intends to connect users going from the corridor to the city of QuerĂŠtaro more quickly, without stops such as the Qrobus.

83

4

Fourth stage

84

Buffer expansion The buffer loop is closed completely and is forested in its entirety.

CIPA: Fourth stage Last stage in which housing is added.

85

4

Fourth stage

86

Housing Housing is integrated into the master plan, which will serve both UNAQ students, future CIPA students and also industry workers.

87

Urban farming

88

Temporal production It will help maximize production in the first stages and in a future the land will be taken to build more infrastructure.

Shared production Housing is going to have a production zone in the rooftop destined for the inhabitants in order to reduce food costs and increase knowledge in how this food os produced and maintained.

Green houses production In this Venlo greenhouses, the students will learn the process of how food develops, it is also going to produce enough for selling and helping maintain the buildings costs.

Gardens production Cultivation of more specific plants for the preparation of spices and essences

Orchards Traditional agriculture for students to learn and produce fresh food.

89

Commerce and services

Since the first stage this modules appear with the intention of formalizing the existent commerces that are within the corridor.

When this modules are not in use for commerce, they can have a public usage.

90

Concrete slab anchored to proďŹ le

Sliding doors detail

Steel mesh cal. 10

Sliding doors detail

Foldable frame through vertical axis

Cross sectional view 0

0.5

1

2

91

Actual bus stop

92

Bus line

Transfer regional

Bus line regional

Qrobus

Shuttle

Qrobus

Shuttle

public transport

airport

public transport

airport

Tram

Queretaro

Tram

Queretaro

Interconnections

The transfer building has 4 modalities to optimize the users mobility not only in the corridor but also with Queretaro and other cities.

93

94

FOOD INNOVATION CENTER (CIPA)

95

Functional relations

Teacher´s Offices Multi-disciplinary classrooms 1,160 m²

Venlo Greenhouses

200 m²

Main Plaza

800 m²

Food Cleansing Tech.

Research Manufacture center 1800 m²

Food Preserv.

Lab

Packaging Seeds Lab 80 m²

96

Market

Kitchen

Administration

This architectural program responds to the transversal education mentioned before (66).

80 m²

General Warehouse

Nutritional Lab 80 m²

Zonification

Venlo Greenhouses Vertical circulations and services Orchards Food cleansing

Food preservation lab Multi-disciplinary area

Seeds lab and storage Computer lab

Administration office

Multipurpose room Patio Teachers room Nutritional lab

Kitchen classroom Market Food manufacture center

Technology research

97

As mentioned before the Food Innovation Center is composed of three buildings and the one that is going to be further developed is the Production building.

98

Massing

Private

Multi-disciplinary area

4500 m²

Greenhouses

700 m²

2835.75 m²

Orchards

Food production

575 m²

1274.50 m²

Public

Culinary 390 m²

1275 m²

4500 m²

5535 m²

1035 m²

99

A

B

C

D 48.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

1

8.85

12 R M

2.60

2

32.75

3.30

3

M 11

10

6.00

4

6

5 6.00

5 9

8

7

6.00

6

7

100

4

R

2

E

F

G

6.00

H

12.00

6.00

S R

3 R

1

1 Patio 2 Market 3 Multipurpose room 4 Lobby 5 Kitchen classroom 6 Showroom 1 7 Showroom 2 8 Cold room 9 Dry room 10 Washing area 11 Trash containers 12 Teachers room R Restrooms M Mechanical room S Storage

0

1

3

6

12

Ground floor 101

A

B

C

D

48.00 6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

1

8.85

13 R M

2.60

2

M

S

14

6.00

32.75

3.30

3 4

R

C1 C5

6.00

5 15

C4

6.00

6

7

102

C2

C3

E

F

G

H

0 6.00

12.00

6.00

T

13 Computer lab 14 Pollinator garden 15 Informal learning space C Classrooms T Terrace R Restrooms M Mechanical room S Storage

0

1

3

6

12

Second floor 103

A

B

C

D

48.00 6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

1

8.85

16 R M

2.60

2

M

S

6.00

32.75

3.30

3 4

R

17

C9

6.00

5

6

C7 6.00

7

104

C8

C6

H1

H2

E

F

G

H

0 6.00

12.00

6.00

18

C11

C10

T

T

H8

H7

H6 H3

H4

H5

16 Computer lab 17 Informal learning space 18 Orchards H Shared studios C Classrooms T Terrace R Restrooms M Mechanical room S Storage

0

1

3

6

12

Third floor 105

A

B

C

D

48.00 6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

8.85

1 19 R

R

20 M 2.60

2

6.00

4

32.75

3.30

3

5 6.00

G1

6.00

6

7

106

G2

G3

E

F

G

H

0 6.00

G5

12.00

G6

6.00

G7

G4

19 Cultivation room 20 Monitoring and storage 21 Rooftop garden G Greenhouses R Restrooms M Mechanical room 21

0

1

3

6

12

Rooftop 107

108

Aerial view 109

ing to be he students eenhouses hards.

2

All this production is then going to be transported to the research building through the bridge so it can be washed.

Production cycle

110

3

In this area, a percentage of this food is going to be processed in to different products, and the rest is going to remain as fresh fruit and vegetables.

4

Some of the food is going to be used by students to prepare different meals which are going to be selled in the market.

5

1 1 2 3 4

The food is going to be produced by the students in the Venlo greenhouses and in the orchards.

All this production is then going to be transported to the research building through the bridge so it can be washed.

In this area, a percentage of this food is going to be processed in to different products, and the rest is going to remain as fresh fruit and vegetables.

Some of the food is going to be used by students to prepare different meals which are going to be selled in the market.

2 3 4 5

The food is going to be produced by the students in the Venlo greenhouses and in the orchards.

All this production is then going to be transported to the research building through the bridge so it can be washed.

In this area, a percentage of this food is going to be processed in to different products, and the rest is going to remain as fresh fruit and vegetables.

Some of the food is going to be used by students to prepare different meals which are going to be selled in the market.

2 3 4 5

All this production is th going to be transporte to the research buildin through the bridge so can be washed.

In this area, a percenta of this food is going to processed in to differe products, and the rest going to remain as fres fruit and vegetables.

Some of the food is g to be used by studen prepare different mea which are going to be selled in the market.

Finally in the market you can buy different food su as fresh fruits and vegeta bles, prepared meals an processed products.

Finally in the market you can buy different food such as fresh fruits and vegetables, prepared meals and processed products.

111

Multi-disciplinary area This area consists in two main types of classrooms where the spaces can be divided to enhance a more dinamic way of learning.

Formal learning spaces

112

Informal learning spaces/ Terraces

This is possible by using different types of foldable walls.

Thanks to that the terraces can be used as an expansion of the normal classrooms.

113

Greenhouse as a classroom Orchards

114

Capability of collecting rainwater.

Different technics capability: Hydroponics Aquaponics Aeroponcs

An average of 18.9 liters of water per day is used in each Greenhouse

Led lights at night for 24/7 production

Stages of crop development WEEKS WEEKS

STAGES OF CROP DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF CROP DEVELOPMENT

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

sowing sowing

plant development plant development

flowering

fruit growth

fruit ripening

flowering

fruit growth

fruit ripening

This diagram is based on the crop development of a tomato.

MONTHS MONTHS

Crops are going to be planted in different cycles so that they are always at different stagesTITULO PONER so the students can be aware of every step of the process.TITULO PONER 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

115

Sun trajectory

Morning Sun

Winter Summer

All the facades are designed according to the Sun trajectory to avoid direct incidense and to take advantage of the natural lighting.

116

Evening Sun

Summer Winter

117

118

0

1

3

6

12

South-west facade 119

120

0

1

3

6

12

North-east facade 121

122

0

1

3

6

12

North-west facade 123

124

0

1

3

6

12

South-east facade 125

Cross sectional view

Venlo greenhouse (14.4 m2 is equivalent to 2 hectares of production within a conventional greenhouse) Parapet steel blade for gardening plants and flowers Louvers detail Steel profile pinned to the slab Mounting bracket Aluminium louver

Hollow block 20 x 20 x 40 cm Concrete prefabricated wall Window with satin finish Folding wall to connect spaces Skyfold® classic 51 folding wall Joist and beam slabs (Vigueta y Bovedillla) Concrete beam Glass panels Product shelfs with a high window to obsrve the kitchens and how food is prepared Binding beam Single footing

126

Cross sectional view Cross sectional view 0

1

0

1 2

2

4

4

127

Cross sectional view

Venlo greenhouse (14.4 m2 is equivalent to 2 hectares of production within a conventional greenhouse)

Concrete beam Folding wall to connect classrooms and terraces

Joist and beam slabs (Vigueta y Bovedillla)

Pollinator´s patio (borrage, zinnia, romero, arnica, cumin, dahlia, lavender)

epazote

cardamomo

comino

galangal

Spices gabinet

128

paprika

albahaca

ajonjoli

canela

perejil

cilantro

laurel

jengibre

hierbabuena

menta

mejorana

orĂŠgano

Binding beam Single footing

Cross sectional view

Cross sectional 0 1 view 2 0

1

2

4

4

129

130

131

132

133

134

NEXOORIENTE SEEKS THE SETTLEMENTS RESILIENCE BY BOOSTING THE EDUCATION SO PEOPLE CAN EQUALIZE THEIR OPPORTUNITIES AND THRIVE. 135

Bibliography AICM- Estadísticas y Movimiento Operacional: https://www.aicm.com.mx/estadisticas Anuario económico Querétaro competitivo 2018: https://www.queretaro.gob.mx/sedesu/contenido.aspx?q=0P7NpIeTMww3HR5p8WDNH+uEt5B3ifl94/GBSxbgl7w= Behance- The Greenhouse Series: https://www.behance.net/gallery/86574881/The-Greenhouse-Series?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.com Breve sobre costos reales de producción de tomate: https://www.hortalizas.com/cultivos/tomates/breve-sobre-costos-reales-de-produccion-de-tomate/ ¿Cuántas personas se necesitan para mantener un aeropuerto?: https://codiceinformativo.com/2020/01/cuantas-personas-se-necesitan-para-mantener-unaeropuerto-un-vistazo-a-las-entranas-del-aiq/ ¿Cómo será el campo cuando todos vivamos en ciudades?: https://www.archdaily.mx/mx/925916/como-sera-el-campo-cuando-todos-vivamos-en-ciudades High-Tech Hydroponic Urban Farming In Shipping Containers: https://goexplorer.org/high-tech-hydroponic-urban-farming-in-shipping-containers/ IMPLAN- Área verde per capita: http://implanqueretaro.gob.mx/im/q500/2/6/CalidadDeVida-AreaVerdePerCapita.pdf IMPLAN- Q500: http://implanqueretaro.gob.mx/q500-descargas INEGI- ENDUTIH 2018: https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/boletines/2019/OtrTemEcon/ENDUTIH_2018.pdf INEGI- Inventario Nacional De Viviendas: https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/mapa/inv/ Movilidad, el reto de Querétaro: Canadevi: https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/estados/Movilidad-el-reto-de-Queretaro-Canadevi-20180715-0095.html NAICM Presentación del Proyecto: https://consulmex.sre.gob.mx/laredo/images/stories/docs/SCT/dan02416%20naicm-espaol. pdf Noise Pollution around the Airport: http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0614/ijsrp-p30101.pdf ONU Habitat- Índice de las Ciudades Prósperas, CPI, México 2018: https://onuhabitat.org.mx/index.php/indice-de-las-ciudades-prosperas-cpi-mexico-2018 ONU Habitat- Reporte Nacional de Prosperidad Urbana en México 2019: https://onuhabitat.org.mx/index.php/herramientas/cpi Productive dynamic Landscape: https://futurearchitectureplatform.org/projects/70d2bbb1-1f89-4935-a216-a4f3227c5eae/ Richel- Invernadero de vidrio Venlo: https://richel-group.mx/produits/invernaderos-venlo/ ¡136

Rufepa- Invernadero de cristal tipo Venlo: http://www.rufepa.com/invernadero/productos/1/invernaderos/87/invernadero-de-cristal-tipo-venlo.html Secretaria de Economía- Información económica y estatal Querétaro: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/47723/Queretaro.pdf SEDESOL- Informe Anual Sobre La Situación de Pobreza y Rezago Social: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/46162/Queretaro_014.pdf Shipping containers become urban farms with startup Square Roots: https://www.curbed.com/2017/4/12/15252116/urban-farm-locally-grown-food-square-roots The greenery- Smart Container Farm: https://www.freightfarms.com/greenery/#container-farm This tiny country feeds the world: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/09/holland-agriculture-sustainable-farming/?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.mx

137

138

Special thanks to: Diana García Cejudo Pedro Mendoza Henández Rodrigo Pantoja Calderón

139

140

141