Living Together - Research / Gustavo Peñaloza

Living together

Gustavo Peñaloza Díaz architecture student Alberto Dorantes Sánchez biotechnology student Lic. Raquelle Berenice Sánchez industrial designer Arq. Daniela Velasco architect Arq. Jonatan García Cervantes architect Lic. Benjamín Cardoso Castillo psychologist Mauricio Mandujano Manriquez undergraduate student in International Relations Dr. Stefania Biondi urbanist

Tec de Monterrey, Campus Querétaro Proyectos Integradores II Proyecto Fin de Carrera Msc Urb. Diana García Arq. Pedro Mendoza teaching team

B. Analysis

B. Analysis 2.0 Municipal map of delegations

1. Objective first conditions

importance

The collapse of houses to extend the avenue (commissioned by the army of Venustiano Carranza in its passage through Querétaro in 1914), the installation of drainage, drinking water supply systems and the repair of cobblestones, are the first conditions that gave rise to the development of Ignacio Zaragoza Avenue (formerly Juárez Street).

Since then, Zaragoza continues to undergo changes in its urban and social structure. This corridor connects the southern limit of the Historic Center from east to west. Currently, the rapid growth of the population is a great challenge in the area. The current government is implementing urban mobility improvement projects, which has led people to raise their voices on environmental, economic and social impact issues.

futures

When imagining futures, it is possible to create another city in our minds that is considered impossible, but isn’t this the space to demand hope?

people

It is necessary to listen to the true experts of the place. People will be heard in order to study how they live together along the corridor.

digital space

In addition to studying people through an ethnographic study, the digital space plays a very important role since the mapping of information from social networks and Internet portals will be another fundamental tool to understand the territory. The inhabitants in the area have moved to the digital space as a meeting point where they can express and call for action.

Thinking beyond the implications of conventional urban design interventions, this analysis aims to gather an expanded notion of public life emphasizing the needs and people demands.

Sta. Rosa Jauregui

real space

ethnography

digital space

Research components: combination of three elements.

Felipe Carrillo Puerto 2. Centro Histórico and Zaragoza

Félix Osores Sotomayor

The historic center of the city of Querétaro has the so-called “area of monuments”, which offers the indigenous history of winding streets and hortoggonal neighborhoods drawn by the Spanish conquerors. Otomis, Tarascos, Chichimecas and Spaniards lived together in the origins of the city. This area has the title of Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

Epigmenio González Flores

Villa Cayetano Rubio Water tank in Zaragoza Ave. Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza, 2019

Centro Histórico

In its southern limit, Zaragoza Avenue is located. This urban corridor connects the core of the city from west to east. It began studying the corridor from the Technological Avenue to the water tank before reaching Calzada de los Arcos. Along this avenue, we can find commercial uses, schools, hospitals, landmarks such as the Temple of Santa Rosa de Viterbo, fire station and the Alameda Hidalgo Park, to mention some. The traditional neighborhoods (mostly residential) of Santa Rosa, La Santa Cruz and San Francisquito.

The street serves as a path to take for the daily activities of hundreds of people. Zaragoza is one of the avenues with the highest concentration of public transport routes in the city. It also becomes a destination for people who wish to make use of public space for recreation. Some have made the avenue their workspace. We can find a lot of street trade.

Josefa Vergara y Hernández

It is a street where the architectural elevations reveal different periods. From historical monuments as the fountain which previously fed the area of drinking water, to hotels and new commercial complexes that respond to the economic growth of the city.

17th International Architecture Exhibition / La Biennale Di Venezia A.1.1

egacionales del Municipio de Querétaro 0

Scale: 1 : 200,000

Delgation’s boundaries

Centro Histórico

Zaragoza area

Pedestrian crossing in front of Alameda Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza, 2019

B. Analysis 2.1 Zaragoza Ave map

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C IGNA AV.

Galerías Constituyentes

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

C

Source: Urban Lab, ITESM Querétaro, 2016

B. Analysis 2.2 Zaragoza Ave satellite image

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

CIO IGNA

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano La Comer

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C IGNA AV.

Galerías Constituyentes

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Zaragoza corridor

ES

ENT

ITUY

ST CON

RA

IMSS

Source: Google Maps, 2004

3. Real space research

Natural environment

B. Analysis

Natural environment

3. Real space research

environmental data

1830 m

18.7 ºC

Average annual temperature

60%

Relative humidity CALL

574 mm Average annual rainfall

L EQUIE E EZ

vertislo Soil type Prevailing winds

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

1845 m

ES MONT

SW, W

Jardín Zenea

The natural elements that make up the real space have been constantly modified. In this study area, soil conditions, species and even the weather have been modified with the construction of the city. The conditions expressed in these maps are the current ones, modified by man.

1830 m

Jardín Guerrero

Source: National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA)

Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

AV.

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

1830 m

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano La Comer

AV.

ON

IN

W

1830 m

EUR

I VA RE

DS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

PAST

LI

A

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

NG

R DI

LUIS

TI EC

A GOZ

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

Galerías Constituyentes

P

topography

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

C

The topographic conditions of the east end of the corridor are characterized by the existence of El Cerro del Sangremal. whereas the rest of the avenue is flat, where the Alameda ends the avenue has a slope that rises approximately 15 meters. This height difference is almost imperseptible from Zaragoza, however from Los Arcos is evident.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Level curves

Source: Global Map, ITESM Querétaro, 2016

1830 m

B. Analysis

Natural environment

3. Real space research

EQ E EZ CALL

Jardín Zenea

The natural elements that make up the real space have been constantly modified. In this study area, soil conditions, species and even the weather have been modified with the construction of the city. The conditions expressed in these maps are the current ones, modified by man.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

UIEL ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

Colegio Salesiano

AV. C ONS

TITUY

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C IGNA AV.

Galerías Constituyentes

PRO

greenery

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

C

In the center of the vehicular stream, we find green surfaces with species of trees, shrubs and grass. The Secretary of Mobility of the State of Querétaro counted 780 trees on Avenida Zaragoza. The predominant species are ficus (ficus benjamina) and jacaranda (jacaranda mimosaefolia). Alameda Hidalgo is the best known green space in the city with 8.7 hectares.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Green space

Trees

Source: Google maps, 2004

3. Real space research

Urban structure

B. Analysis

Urban structure

3. Real space research

EQ E EZ CALL

Jardín Zenea

It is possible to understand the historical conformation of the city through urban structure.

The Spanish layout of the city vs. the new commercial and residential development model is evident, which is why the corridor has a great variety of uses, functions and historical elements.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

UIEL ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C IGNA AV.

Galerías Constituyentes

PRO

Nolli map

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

C

The map shows the constructions from one level onwards in relation to the empty spaces (without elevations) of the immediate blocks to the corridor. They are clearly shown parking lots and public spaces (blank spaces), regular housing units, and large shopping centers.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Source: Google maps, 2004

B. Analysis

Urban structure

3. Real space research

Urban growth

It is possible to understand the historical conformation of the city through urban structure.

The Spanish layout of the city vs. the new commercial and residential development model is evident, which is why the corridor has a great variety of uses, functions and historical elements.

In 1655 the king of Spain raised Querétaro to the rank of City. The new urban category manifested the gradual preponderance of the Spanish, Creole and mestizo population over the indigenous.

After the war of independence, the struggles between liberals and conservatives had a local chapter where the sides succeeded each other for short periods in the governorship: between 1824 and 1855 (there were 25 governors).

Jardín Zenea

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

Contemporary industrialization began in the 1940s to 1960s, creating a manufacturing area north of the capital city. Consequently, the urban stain grew more than 400% as did the Jardín population that went from 60 thousand inhabitants to more than 900 thousand. (Jiménez, Guerrero Pineda, Velasco, 1997) Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua

Alameda Hidalgo

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

Galerías Constituyentes

IMSS

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

1655

1845

1965

1990

Source: Urban Lab, ITESM Querétaro, 2016

3. Real space research

Sociodemographic data

B. Analysis 3. Real space research Sociodemographic data

113,593 people lived in the Centro Histórico delegation in 2014, according to the State Population Council of Querétaro (COESPO). It is the delegation that has the highest concentration of people aged 60 and over. It is also the area with the best number of children from 0 to 11 years old. It had a population density of approximately 58 inhabitants / ha.

total population

CALL

Jardín Zenea

Almost 66% of people were born in Querétaro, so it is the delegation with more inhabitants with residence by birth of the entire municipality of Querétaro.

L EQUIE E EZ

migration

Plaza de Armas

489 students

ES MONT

6 students

Escuela Primaria Naciones Unidas 900 students

The population has an average level of schooling of 11. Which means having completed until the second year of upper secondary education.

school attendanc

Escuela Margarita Maza de Juárez

Primaria CONAFE

4 out of 100 people had some type of disability. This means that there are people living in the Centro Histórico who are limited to walking or moving, going up or down. It occupies second place with 3,339 people in the municipality.

disabled population

La Cruz

Plaza Constitución

54,206 people were employed in 2010, 55.68% were men. The Centro Histórico has the highest percentage of women with employment.

employability

Tanque de agua

70% of the inhabitants of this delegation have a record in public health services.

public health services

AV.

The corridor has a length of just over 2km starting from Tecnológico Avenue (to the west continues as Prolongación Zaragoza and Carretera Querétaro Tequisquiapan) and reaching the Tanque de Agua to become Calzada de Los Arcos to the east.

length

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Secundaria J. Guadalupe Velazquez 156 students

Preparatoria CUSVA

Colegio Alma Muriel (private)

71 kindergarden, 180 primary school and 78 secondary students

Escuela Primaria Benito Juárez

101 students

469 students

Escuela Primaria Anexa a la Normal del Estado 339 students Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

Colegio General Regules, S.C.

Colegio Montessori Shanti

113 students

10 kindergarden and 50 primary school students

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano La Comer

Colegio Salesiano, Marciano Tanajero y Estrada (private) AV.

581 primary school, 505 secondary school and 343 high school students

PAST

Primaria Republica Argentina

ZA

AGO

EUR

446 students

C IGNA AV.

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

AR IO Z

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

Galerías Constituyentes

Escuela primaria Ignacio Zaragoza

Colegio Erik Erikson (private)

IMSS

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

86 students

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

220 students

C

TE ICO ÓG OL

CN

Guardería ordinaria 1 IMSS

E AV

245 students

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Universidad Contemporánea (private)

272 secondary students and 768 high school students

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Kindergartens

Primary schools

Secondary schools

High schools

Universities

Source: INEGI Delegations study, http://mapas.queretaro.gob.mx

B. Analysis

136

24

81

6

3. Real space research

21 3 1 12

14 Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

37

Plaza de Armas

0

19

44

4

12

15

17

26

42

Plaza 0 Constitución

11 30

105

51

10

32

46

32

Tanque de agua

52

52

60

26

9

62

15

33 18

40

23 51

2

13

13

33

11

La Santa Cruz

74

14

5

91

La Cruz

10

1

Jardín Guerrero

33

6 0

0

33

22

3

37

ES MONT

89

58

30

3

22

CALL

33

Santa Ana

15

29

45

107

4

33

17

8

21

31

AV.

13

CIO

IGNA

OZA

RAG

ZA

35

132 58 25

8

2

67 27

126

17 49

43

42

24

13

28

16 23

40

30

150

25

San Francisquito 43

20 14

36

31

6

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

6

AV.

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA AGO

ZAR

1

11

6

90

6

9

40

2 19

Mercado 3 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

25

2 Colegio Salesiano

TITUY

26

29

3

25

0 1

5 11 12

0 5

0

AV.

6

30

22 21

4

Scale: 1 : 5,000

24

1

The traditional neighborhoods of Santa Rosa, Las Santa 4 Cruz and San Francisquito have the highest number of homes per block. while the Centro area has replaced housing for shops and services.

15

7

15

U

STIT

CON

S

TE YEN

RA

7

0 15

IMSS

GIDO

12

0

E ORR L. C

11

2

PRO

34

7

total housing per block

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

ZA

AGO

AR IO Z

4

PAST

1

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

19

C IGNA AV.

0

6

AV.

0

ENTES

44

1 26

6 8

IG

116

56

10

13

2

13 10

13 23

16 12

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: National Housing Inventory - INEGI, 2016

B. Analysis

450

31

235 19

3. Real space research

75 6 1 32

49

22 126

38

L EQUIE E EZ

108

Plaza de Armas

54

52

2

27

La Santa Cruz

153

38

0

6

43

34 15

43

34

41

60

96

Plaza 0 Constitución

16

257

La Cruz

0

7

Jardín Guerrero

70

17

9

98

94

Santa Ana

Jardín 0 Zenea

0

46

ES MONT

226

192

68

7

25

CALL

77

250

5

94

74

63

228

97 Tanque de agua

127 32

97

70

26 39

88 36

42

53 139

39

125

85

22

169

67

26

31

27

79

AV.

24

ZA

AGO

ZAR ACIO

IGN

57

6

73

210

74

12

199 31

318

48 160

123

89

65

30

125

55 92

62

61

San Francisquito 152

360

59

76 11

115

84

69

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

5

AV.

IO NAC

3

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA AGO

5

ZAR

30

42

21 9

IG

3

22

26 251

161 258

16

31

113

2 48

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado 13 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

48

0

TITUY

ENTES

88 0

24 4

77

AV.

0

58

10

35

0

4

11

38 32

0 10

AV.

6

88

total population per block

S

0

71 40

56

50

The concentration of people depends on the availability of homes per block, so the areas with 10 the greatest number of inhabitants are also found in the traditional neighborhoods of the Centro Histórico.

49

13

25

U

STIT

CON

TE YEN

RA

18

0 32

GIDO

36

0

E ORR L. C

39

42

PRO

72

13

IMSS

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

51

C IGNA AV.

15

PAST

ZA

AGO

AR IO Z

6

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

44

47 34

18 77

44

4 25

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: National Housing Inventory - INEGI, 2016

1.5

B. Analysis

3.3 1.3

2.9

3.2

3. Real space research

3.6 2

1

2.7

3.3

0.76 2.8

Plaza de Armas

0 2.4

0.5

1.2

La Cruz

0

2.7

7

2.8

1.2

2.8

3.6

2.3

2.4

2.3

Plaza Constitución 0

1.5

2.3

2.5

1.9

21.5

2.6

1.2

2.1

La Santa Cruz

2.1

2.7 0 Jardín Guerrero

Santa Ana

2.8

2.5

3

2.6

ES MONT

2.5

2.7

Jardín Zenea 0

L EQUIE E EZ

2.9

3.3

2.3

2.3

1.1

CALL

2.3

2.3

1.25

2.2

3 Tanque de agua

2.4 3.2

2.1

2.2 2.4

2.7

2.1

1.6

2.6

2.7 2

1.1 2.3

2.7

3.5

1

2

3.4

3.9

1.3

2.5

AV.

1.8

IGN

ZA ACIO

2.9

3.6

A

OZ RAG

3.0

1.5 1.5

3

3.0 1.1

2.5

2.8

2.7

2.1

3.3

2.7 2.3 2.3

2.1

4.5

San Francisquito

3.4

2.7 3.5

2.4

2.4

3.8 2.3

2.2

1.8

2.6 Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

A

GOZ

0.8

A ZAR

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

3

3.2

2.5

3.5 1.1

IG AV.

3

2

4.3 2.2

2.9

2.6

3.4

2.9 1

2.8 2.5

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado 4.3 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

1.9

0

TITUY

2

AV.

2.2

1.4

C IGNA AV.

0

4

21

2.2

3.5 2.7

0 3

2 2.6

IMSS

2.1

0

1 2.9

Population density per block

1.9 1.7

The density is varied in the area, there are very large blocks with little housing and few 2.5 inhabitants, and small blocks with many people and few houses. In the last case, many people 3.3 must share small spaces.

3.3

3.6

3 1.8

5

1

Scale: 1 : 5,000

TES

N

UYE

STIT

CON AV.

RA

0

GIDO

E ORR L. C

1.9 3.5

0

PRO

2.1

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

A

AR IO Z

3.3

6

3.8

PAST

1.8

A GOZ

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

2.3

LUIS

3.0

0

4

4 0

ENTES

3.4

2.4 1.4

2.8 2.1

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: National Housing Inventory - INEGI, 2016

5

B. Analysis

100

3

41

0

3. Real space research

4 *

46

*

0

*

4

* 25

*

CALL

10

0

7

*

0

7

10

*

La Cruz

0

*

8

0

0

*

6

7

*

8

8

Plaza 0 Constitución

0 13

39

*

5

Jardín Guerrero

5

La Santa Cruz

27

6

17

Santa Ana

Plaza de Armas

16

ES MONT

42

7

Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

15

50

10

0

14

7

27

18 Tanque de agua

25 *

10

16

12

*

21

* 11

8 8

16

11

25

0

15

15

8

4

6

OZA

AG

5

AV.

0

IGN

ZAR ACIO

33

90 49

15

4

*

28 3

47

* 32

19

9

3

8

26

San Francisquito

9 5

9

3

58

10

27 5 *

9

7

7

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

0

IO NAC

ZA AGO

ZAR

*

41

0

5

11

* 9

Mercado * Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

12

* Colegio Salesiano

TITUY

4

AV.

0

4

8

*

6 *

9

E ORR L. C

* 0

0

GIDO

0

*

S

NTE

UYE

TIT ONS

RA

0 0

4

11 4

* 12 *

Population between 0-14 years old

6 7

*

This is an area that is characterized by the low number of people aged 14 or less, but again the 16 traditional neighborhoods are the ones with more children of those ages. * 0

Scale: 1 : 5,000

0

*

C AV.

0

*

PRO

18

6

10

8

0

*

IMSS

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

ZA

AGO

AR IO Z

*

PAST

*

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

8

C IGNA AV.

ENTES

12

* 11

4

4

4 50

6 8

*

IG AV. 29

77

Alameda Hidalgo

*

11 5

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

7

B. Analysis

107

8

50

5

3. Real space research

13 *

*

11

9

4 31

6 Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

40

0

11

* 15

0

4

3

La Cruz

0

*

4

Jardín Guerrero

5

70

25

Plaza 0 Constitución

0

28

*

15

13

5

10

La Santa Cruz

29

7

4

0

*

23

Santa Ana

Plaza de Armas

22

ES MONT

60

46

19

*

5

CALL

26

73

*

32

17

25

66

23 Tanque de agua

28 26

17

9

* 10

28 10

16

15 46

19

27

26

3 38

3

14

8 98

6

OZA

AG

17

AV.

6

IGN

ZAR ACIO

56

26

15

*

*

61 11

97

16 30

34

17

3

3

30

16 16

9 11

16

San Francisquito 45

102 18 4

19

12

8

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

0

IO NAC

*

ZAR

IG AV. 70

74

6

3 4

7

23

*

10

7

*

* 10

46

*

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA AGO

7

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado 4 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

10

*

TITUY

ENTES

33 4

0

* 19

AV.

0

10

* 9

C IGNA AV.

*

GIDO

*

10

Population between 15-29 years old

12

12 7

6

6

The neighborhood of Santa Rosa and La Cruz concentrate the largest number of young 20 people in the area.

18 0

Scale: 1 : 5,000

27

* 5

*

12

C AV.

0 24

S

NTE

UYE

TIT ONS

RA

0 0

13

IMSS

0

E ORR L. C

14

0

*

PRO

8

3

10

Galerías Constituyentes

0

*

19

0

EUR

A

AR IO Z

*

16

PAST

A GOZ

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

12

9 4

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

11

B. Analysis

19 12

91

8

3. Real space research

35 3

101

*

3

15

14

10 52

11

CALL

18

0 17

*

*

15

25

9

La Cruz

0

*

11

Jardín Guerrero

6

85

12

16

17

31

40

Plaza 0 Constitución

6

23

*

12

0

3

La Santa Cruz

54

10

38

Santa Ana

Plaza de Armas

39

ES MONT

78

16

Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

38

61

29

3

26

25

27

86

39 Tanque de agua

47 9

74

39

30

3 12

13

12

20 50

11

54

33

11

38

27 34

22

12

15

OZA

AG

AV.

7

IGN

ZAR ACIO

122 72

27

29

3

*

67 5

118

20 53

47

29

14

10

44

San Francisquito

23 37

16

30 70

128

28

24 46

35

27

4

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo *

IO NAC

ZA AGO

ZAR

10 8

12

50

*

AV. C ONS

0

19

28

TITUY

* Colegio Salesiano

Mercado 6 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV.

0

*

3

13 10

0

AV.

0

30

S

U

STIT

CON

TE YEN

6

7 17

26 21

*

RA

8

0 0

GIDO

4

11

0

E ORR L. C

6

12

*

PRO

29

14

IMSS

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

6

12

8

PAST

A

AR IO Z

*

20

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

20

C IGNA AV.

0

13

22

A GOZ

ENTES

34

* 0

30

8

10

*

90

105

8

19

6

IG AV. 49

*

Alameda Hidalgo

*

14

19 3

Population between 30-59 years old

4 26

The adult population is also mostly concentrated in the neighborhood of La Santa Cruz.

16 12

0

Scale: 1 : 5,000

10

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

7

B. Analysis

61

*

53

6

3. Real space research

11 * *

30

*

4 4

6 18

8

CALL

17

L EQUIE E EZ

15

Plaza de Armas

15

6

*

La Cruz

3

4

0

*

4

18 0

*

*

9

3

11

13

17

Plaza 0 Constitución

7 10

45

*

10

Jardín Guerrero

14

La Santa Cruz

43

15

16

Santa Ana

9

Jardín 0 Zenea

0

11

ES MONT

40

29

10

*

19

4

17

37

Tanque de agua

24 10

10 14

7

31

28

*

14

6 6

11

7

18

9

17

29

5

5 11

12 57

ZA

AGO

AV.

8

IGN

ZAR ACIO

7

30

17

*

*

34 3

47

11 36

20

13

18

6

25

7 9

22

53

10

10

San Francisquito 10

29 *

38

30

27

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

ZA AGO

3

ZAR

IO NAC

*

5 4

7

23

* 11

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado * Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

7

*

TITUY

13

*

8

0

*

4 5

4

4

AV.

0

18

S

3

* *

7

6

According to the study by delegations in Querétaro, the population of 60 years and over is the 12 second highest in the municipality. However, the corridor area shows a low density of 14 older adults.

12

*

Scale: 1 : 5,000

12

7 12

Population 60 years and older

6

*

U

STIT

CON

TE YEN

RA

0

GIDO

5 0

IMSS

0

E ORR L. C

8 0 6

*

PRO

6

*

9

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

C IGNA AV.

6

PAST

4

A

AR IO Z

*

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

4

A GOZ

0

3

AV.

17

ENTES

9

* 0

3

*

32

38

6

8

0

IG AV. 28

0 Alameda Hidalgo

*

3

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

0

B. Analysis

18 0

14 0

3. Real space research

4 *

*

4

Plaza de Armas

0

5

0

*

*

*

4

* 0

*

0

*

3

10

Plaza 0 Constitución

*

12

La Santa Cruz

27

*

Jardín Guerrero

*

La Cruz

0

0

4

0

*

0

10

ES MONT

6

*

Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

*

5

0

*

*

CALL

*

Santa Ana

0

3

13

7

0

3

3

26

11

4 Tanque de agua

8 9

5

*

*

*

3

18 0

6 * 13

5

*

0 16

3

4

OZA

AG

0

AV.

5

IGN

ZAR ACIO

3

6

0

*

10 4

15

* 17

7

0

3

*

0

0 *

8

*

San Francisquito *

15

4

14 *

14

*

6

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

*

AV.

IO NAC

21

*

ZAR

*

0

3

*

0

12

Mercado 0 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

*

* Colegio Salesiano

TITUY

AV.

3

* *

0

*

3

*

1*

0 *

*

S

0

AV.

0

4

TE YEN

*

0

U

STIT

CON

0

* 3

*

RA

0

0 *

GIDO

E ORR L. C

* 4

0

PRO

1*

IMSS

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

*

0

PAST

ZA

*

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

*

AGO

0

*

9

C IGNA AV.

ENTES

4

*

0

AR IO Z

0

3

*

9

0

4

*

IG

14

26

0

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA AGO

0

7 *

Population with disabilities

People with disabilities mostly have limited walking or moving, going up or down. *

6 *

* *

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

11.6

B. Analysis

10.4

14.9

11.4

14.3

3. Real space research

13.7 12.8

*

14.3

11.9

11.6

13.6 13 Plaza de Armas

0

14.1

10.9

12.8

0

0

13.32

*

La Santa Cruz

11 0

9.8

15.8

11.9

10.5

10.4

11.3

10.1

11.8

10.7

Plaza 0 Constitución

12.9

12.6

*

14.1

Jardín Guerrero

10.9

13.6

12.1

La Cruz

0 14.9

12.6

ES MONT

11.7

13.3

12.9

12.6

Jardín 0 Zenea

L EQUIE E EZ

12.1

Santa Ana

10.3

CALL

11.1

11

14.8

11.1

11.4

10.6 Tanque de agua

10.5 13.9

11.7

13.5 12.3

13.1

11.6

0 11.8

11.7

10.54

13.83 12.4

13.8

11.51

11.8

11.6

12.3

11.6

ZA

AGO

AV.

11.3

13

10.9

IGN

ZAR ACIO *

10.24

8.8 4

9.5

14.6

12.3 11.9

12.6 10.9

12.1

9.3

9.7

11.9 14.4

9.3

San Francisquito

10.9

10.9

11.7

13.8 10.9

8.1

12.3 11.8

12.9

12

11.7

12

Santa Rosa

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

9.8

AV.

IO NAC

ZA AGO

0

Alameda Hidalgo

*

ZAR

12.7

9.9

10.4 14

IG

*

12.9

12.6 12.8

9.4

12.3

9

11.2

11.4

* 10.5

Colegio Salesiano

Mercado 11.1 Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. C ONS

0

11.4

*

TITUY

ENTES

13.9 *

12.7 *

AV.

0

12.4

9.7

*

10.2 12 0

*

8.9

13.4 14.3

0

S

AV.

0

12.8

U

STIT

CON

TE YEN

13.5

* 12.3

Population average years of schooling

12.3 12.4

13.4 13.1

RA

15.4

0 0

14.4

IMSS

GIDO

16.2

13.4

0

E ORR L. C

11.3

*

PRO

12.5

12.8

13.9

13.94

0

In general the average schooling in the delegation is 11 years. But in the corridor area13we can find a maximum of 16.2 (bachelor’s degree).

13.2 0

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Galerías Constituyentes

EUR

9.9

10.9

PAST

ZA

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

12.5

13.2 13.9

Blocks and lots

Built

Corridor Zaragoza

Barrios limits

Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

B. Analysis 3. Real space research

Population born in the entity

Historic neighborhoods concentrate the largest population born in Querétaro. They are traditional communities where housing has passed from generation to generation. There is a large population of older adults who can tell the story of the city.

Land Use

The Partial Urban Development Plans of the Municipality of Querétaro generate land uses for the Centro Histórico area that is complemented with that of the Zona de Monumentos. It has a mixture of uses that avoid a zoning of the city.

E

AV OZA

G ZARA

E A AV GOZ ZARA

E

AV OZA

G ZARA

E A AV GOZ ZARA

Number of people born in the entity per block Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

Economically active population

La Santa Cruz is the area with the highest economically active population.

E A AV GOZ ZARA

E

AV OZA

G ZARA

Number of people Economically active population per block Source: System for the Consultation of Census Information (SCINCE) - INEGI, 2012

Land use plan Source: Municipio de Querétaro, 2019

3. Real space research

Roads and transport

B. Analysis

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua R COR LE CAL

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

hierarchy of roads

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C

Zaragoza Avenue is the origin of the development of the southern area of the city center. It is a street that was once a tertiary road but now has the importance of a main road. Subsequently, Constituyentes Avenue was built, which is also a main one. The secondary roads are the ones that connect from north to south as is the case of Ezequiel Montes.

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Morphogenesis

Main roads

Secondary roads

Galerías Constituyentes

B. Analysis

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua R COR LE CAL

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

C IGNA AV.

Galerías Constituyentes

pedestrian

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

C

The width of Zaragoza Avenue is approximately 30 meters (without sidewalk). Not every corner we can find perpendicular crosswalks, on average they are every 70 meters and most of them are accompanied by traffic lights.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Crosswalks

Pedestrian traffic lights

Pedestrian corridors

Source: Google streetview, 2019

B. Analysis

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

Currently the corridor has 2 dubai stations and 11 conventional stations. But not all stations are planned, there are many points of pick up and down passengers who do not have any kind of signaling. In some cases, trees are makeshift bus stops.

bus

NTES L M17O EQUIE RUTA E EZ CALLRUTA 09

Jardín Zenea

Plaza de Armas

RUTA 50

La Cruz

Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

A 31 RUT

R COR LE CAL

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

AV.

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

3

A 12 RUT

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

Informal stop stop in front of the Alameda Hidalgo Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano La Comer

People using tree as bus stop Photo: Google Streetview, 2019

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

EUR

PAST

Dubai bus stop on Zaragoza Ave. Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

RU

Galerías Constituyentes

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

A 05 RUT

A 12 RUT

A 40 RUT

A 66 RUT

LUIS

ZA AGO ZAR 8 CIO TA 3 A U N R IG AV. 7 TA 3

A 53 RUT

AV.

A 67 RUT A 55 RUT

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

RA

Conventional bus stop Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

C

Bus signal Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

Scale: 1 : 5,000

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

“Dubbai” bus stop

Conventional bus stop

Bus signal

Informal stop

Trees

Source: Google streetview, 2019

B. Analysis

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

Tanque de agua R COR LE CAL

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

AV.

IO NAC

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

Cars parked in double row in Avenida Zaragoza Photo: Google Streetview, 2017

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

E ORR L. C

PRO

Parking on the sidewalk in Avenida Zaragoza Photo: Google Streetview, 2017

RA

GIDO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

particular car

C

The corridor is dominated by parallel parking on the vehicle stream, as well as on the sidewalk.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Private car parking

Galerías Constituyentes

B. Analysis

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

NE

SECTIO

Tanque de agua R COR LE CAL

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

ND

TIO SEC

AV.

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

C ION

T SEC

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

NB

AV.

TIO SEC

IO NAC

Alameda Hidalgo

ZA

AGO

ZAR

IG

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV.

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

AV.

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

street sections

C

The street sections show different dimensions that grant hierarchies to the different actors in the space. At some points the sidewalk is smaller compared to the Alameda, where the pedestrian space is the largest in the entire corridor. The vehicular run is consistent throughout the corridor (approximately 30 meters).

Scale: 1 : 5,000

LUIS

NA

TIO SEC

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Section

Galerías Constituyentes

B. Analysis

Roads and transport

3. Real space research

There are five main forms of mobility that occur in Zaragoza Avenue: pedestrian, cyclist, bus, taxi / uber and private car. The urban mobility of the city has changed over time to grant greater privileges to the private car, derived from public policy.

ficus benjamina tree

Section A

phoenix canariensis palm

To the north is the “dubai” bus stop on the corner of Technological Avenue. Opposite, commercial plaza with its own parking, plus improvised parking on the sidewalk.

There are almost no trees on the sides of the avenue.

“La Comer” supermarket

Dubai bus stop

sidewalk

cartway - 4 lanes

camellón

cartway - 3 lanes

parking lane

sidewalk parking

sidewalk

commerce parking

2.50 m

1.00 m

14.00 m

2.50 m

11.00 m

3.00 m

4.00 m

2.00 m

5.00 m

“famsa” shop

Scale: 1 : 200

Section B jacaranda tree

conventional bus stop

ficus benjamina tree

The street sections show different dimensions that grant hierarchies to the different actors in the space. At some points the sidewalk is smaller compared to the Alameda, where the pedestrian space is the largest in the corridor.

The cartway is consistent throughout the corridor (approximately 30 meters).

ficus benjamina tree

2

17th International Architecture Exhibition / La Biennale Di Venezia A.4.5

Corte de calle 1:200 Santa Rosa de Viterbo gradens

sidewalk

sidewalk extention

cartway - 4 lanes

camellón

cartway - 3 lanes

parking lane

sidewalk

2.50 m

3.00 m

14.00 m

2.50 m

11.00 m

3.00 m

4.00 m

commercial plaza

Scale: 1 : 200

3. Real space research

Urban image

B. Analysis

Urban image

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

The urban image affects the way we experience and live the urban space. Through research methodologies such as Lynch and Salingaros map, it is possible to see the areas with high symbolic value and connectivity, and also areas that can improve to be more attractive.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

R COR LE CAL

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

CIO

IGNA AV.

ZA

AGO

ZAR

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

RA

GIDO

E ORR L. C

PRO

TIT ONS

S

NTE

UYE

IMSS

Kevin Lynch

V. C

A In Zaragoza there are landmarks that are significant in terms of physical recognition that define a collective identity of the Historic Center. It is possible to identify different atmospheres of persecution along the corridor. There are some areas where the pedestrian has high comfort due to the elements that make it up, however there are also areas with adverse conditions for the pedestrian.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Districts

Landmarks

Edge

Nodes

Paths

Galerías Constituyentes

B. Analysis

Urban image

3. Real space research

CALL L EQUIE E EZ

Jardín Zenea

The urban image affects the way we experience and live the urban space. Through research methodologies such as Lynch and Salingaros map, it is possible to see the areas with high symbolic value and connectivity, and also areas that can improve to be more attractive.

Plaza de Armas

La Cruz

ES MONT Jardín Guerrero Plaza Constitución

LE BEN REZ

JUÁ ITO

ORA

EGID

CAL

R COR LE CAL

Tanque de agua

AV.

Santa Rosa de Viterbo

CIO

IGNA AV.

ZA

AGO

ZAR

CIO IGNA

ZA

AGO

ZAR

Alameda Hidalgo

AV. C ONS

TITUY

Colegio Salesiano

ENTES

Mercado Mario Escobedo

La Comer

AV. PAST

ZA

EUR

AGO

AR IO Z

C IGNA AV.

RA

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TIT ONS

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Salingaros

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It is possible to locate a concentration of nodes in the Alameda Hidalgo area, all highly connected due to the variety of poles.

Scale: 1 : 5,000

LUIS

Centro Cultural Gómez Morín

Blocks and lots

Built

Zaragoza corridor

Districts

Poles

Networks

Galerías Constituyentes

4. Field research

Ethnography

B. Analysis

Ethnography

4. Field research

At this stage there was a group of brave citizens who joined the search for insights through the implementation of ethnographic tools. This process requires knowing how to observe and listen to people. It is necessary to be respectful and reciprocal for the activities to be carried out successfully.

1. Tanque de agua Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

2. Bicycle station Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

3. Meraki Café & Snacks (local person owns the establishment) Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

4. Woman hoping to cross the street (next to Tanque de Agua) Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

5. Space for rent Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

6. House in Barrio La Cruz Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

7. House in Barrio La Cruz Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

8. Redq bus stop Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

9. Toponomástica de Avenida Zaragoza Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

10. Makeshift bus stop Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

11. Tree status with merchant Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

12. Jesús García walkway Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

13. Pedestrian crossing in front of the main access of Alameda Hidalgo Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

14. Walkway in front of Alameda Hidalgo Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

15. Parking in front of commercial plaza being used by pedestrians Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

16. Conventional bus stop next to new “dubai” style bus stop.

Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

17. Estación Central de Bomberos Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

18. Green areas on the sidewalk Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

19. Cyclist vs cars Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

20. Birds returning to the trees, their shelter at night Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

active observation

At different points of the corridor, the context and behavior of the people present are observed.

It is complemented with photographic and video documentation. The photographic archive is ordered from east to west. (Here is a small sample of the file)

B. Analysis

Ethnography

4. Field research

Barbershop in front of the Tanque de Agua Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

At this stage there was a group of brave citizens who joined the search for insights through the implementation of ethnographic tools. This process requires knowing how to observe and listen to people. It is necessary to be respectful and reciprocal for the activities to be carried out successfully.

We entered a barber shop in Calle Ignacio Zaragoza 151A, La Santa Cruz, and while he gave us his services he told us his story:

In the park we found a marriage with three children, we approached to talk with them.

Sr. Don José

Sr. Don Francisco

“Hairdresser of yesteryear” 60 years old

Construction worker 39 years old

He was born in Querétaro and has lived on top of his barbershop all his life. Thirty years ago, a man from the neighborhood taught him the trade, and since then he has dedicated himself to that.

Francisco is from the State of Guerrero along with his wife and three children. They moved a month ago to Querétaro. They are just touring the city, so they decided to visit downtown so that the children had the opportunity to know the place.

Remember when the city still did not pass beyond Los Arcos. “It was pure hill, there were no cars circulating here” says Don José. I like where I live but it has changed a lot.

He likes the city because there are more job opportunities, better transportation, it is cleaner and safer.

Take the bus regularly to visit your partner who lives at one end of the city. He is dissatisfied with the project to improve the public transport system since it is attentive to the tree species that live on Zaragoza Avenue. In addition, he thinks that public transport is expensive and of poor quality. He thinks that with this intervention, as a merchant he will also be affected since it is probable that they will eliminate parking on the street and his clients will no longer enjoy that space. He feels that the government does not listen to him.

He usually walks and uses public transportation to get around the city. Today he took Route 55 of RedQ. He thinks that people in Querétaro are more aware of their surroundings and take care of the urban sapce to look good.

For him the neighborhood is very safe, but the perception of widespread insecurity in the country worries him more and more.

Francisco’s family at the kiosk Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

We visited the Alameda Hidalgo, and we met Lupita, a traveling merchant. We bought her chips while she told us her story:

A child arrives on skates to us and begins the talk:

Sra. Lupita

Santiago

Merchant 32 years old

student 8 years old

She was born in San Ildefonso, municipality of Amealco in Querétaro, a town that is dedicated to make handicrafts. She used to work in front of the Alameda before the government ordered to remove the tianguis that was outside the park. Now she works selling candy at the Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ) during the week and on weekends, she sells in the downtown area of Avenida Zaragoza to sell chips, popcorn and churritos. Everything is carried in a wicker basket.

Santiago was with his mother at home, but his father picked him up to take him to skate. He is curious and talkative. He would like to ride skates all over the city but it is dangerous. He says that people drive very badly in the streets. He also likes to use the bus. He likes the whole experience of moving by public transport, but if he has to choose between bus and private car he prefers the last.

On the way from his house to Avenida Zaragoza, he is struck by the amount of trees and plants he can observe.

The government does not allow informal commerce in the Alameda, so she must move constantly if she does not want her merchandise to be confiscated.

Finally his father indicates that it is time to leave.

The chips she sells are homemade, she cooks them at home. If she fails to sell them the same day, she must eat them since they are no longer in optimal condition to sell them the next day.

To get to work, the bus takes an hour to pick her up.

Lupita selling chips in the main corridor of La Alameda park Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

barter experience

Establishments were visited in the corridor and products or services were bought in exchange for their history, symbolizing a barter, without them noticing it. It is a very efficient method to build trust.

Alameda Hidalgo central fountain Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

spontaneous interviews

Different questions were asked within the interviews to obtain relevant information from people according to their age and use of the corridor.

B. Analysis

Ethnography

4. Field research

At this stage there was a group of brave citizens who joined the search for insights through the implementation of ethnographic tools. This process requires knowing how to observe and listen to people. It is necessary to be respectful and reciprocal for the activities to be carried out successfully.

Raquel B. Date: Saturday afternoon Scenario: Raquel needs to go from west (Burger King) to east (Los Arcos) by bus, ands back.

Bus stop

Jump in

Trip

Stop

2:34 pm 27 ºC At Burger King

2:37 pm

2:46 pm Passing in front of Alameda Hidalgo

- Conventional bus stop with shadow

- Driver stopped at the assigned place

- There are people standing despite having many empty places

- The bus stopped where I needed

- Few people waiting with me

- The bus is almost empty, many seats available

- The temperature inside the bus is very high

- Few people waiting with me

- Many trucks are passing at all times

- Air enters through the windows

- The bus vibrates a lot

- There is no physical bus stop

Finish 2:57 pm Tanque de Agua

- There’s no music

What bus should I take?

I see many cars and people out the window

It was faster than I thought

Photos: Raquel Berenice

experience mapping

Method used primarily to know people’s feelings and thoughts. In this case, the use of three ways of moving along the corridor was mapped: bus, bicycle and walking.

B. Analysis

Ethnography

4. Field research

At this stage there was a group of brave citizens who joined the search for insights through the implementation of ethnographic tools. This process requires knowing how to observe and listen to people. It is necessary to be respectful and reciprocal for the activities to be carried out successfully.

Alberto D. Date: Saturday afternoon Scenario: Beto needs to go to work from east to west (Av. Tecnológico) cycling.

Join the ave

Trip

4:00 pm Tanque de Agua

4:07 pm Burger King

- Dangerous roundabout (exclusive to car) - Few people waiting with me - Descent path

Stop

- 31 cars parked in double row

Finish 2:57 pm Tanque de Agua

- There is no place to park

- 2 cars did not see me when changing lanes - Buses also change lanes without being careful - 3 brakes (2 because of cars, 1 for people getting off the bus)

I will tie the bike to a lamp, I am not sure

- 3 cyclists sharing with me - You have to be very alert of pedestrians and cars

Photos: Gustavo Peñaloza

experience mapping

Method used primarily to know people’s feelings and thoughts. In this case, the use of three ways of moving along the corridor was mapped: bus, bicycle and walking.

B. Analysis

Ethnography

4. Field research

At this stage there was a group of brave citizens who joined the search for insights through the implementation of ethnographic tools. This process requires knowing how to observe and listen to people. It is necessary to be respectful and reciprocal for the activities to be carried out successfully.

Children playing at the fountain Photos: Gustavo Peñaloza

Children participating in ethnographic activity next to kiosk Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

Children drawing their mind map of Zaragoza Avenue (and beyond) Photo: Gustavo Peñaloza

mind map

Technique used to graphically represent how people perceive the boundaries and spaces that make up their corridor.

5. Digital space

The real out of the digital

B. Analysis

The real out of the digital

5. Digital space

digital/real space map

In this map is possible to see the points of social tension obtained from the digital space.

Social networks are large databases that store documentation in various formats. This wealth makes important events, both social and morphological, be documented in many ways. It is a space of perceptions and various angles.

Through the digital world, it is possible to read people’s concerns and needs. They can even become location points in real space. Many decisions that affect the real space, now go through digital activities of debate, approval and / or dissemination.

C. Vision, intentions, dreams and futures

C. Vision, intentions, dreams and futures

Zaragoza Ave

social change

hope space

digital space

power to people

The collapse of houses to extend the avenue (commissioned by the army of Venustiano Carranza in its passage through QuerĂŠtaro in 1914), the installation of drainage, drinking water supply systems and the repair of cobblestones, are the first conditions that gave rise to the development of Ignacio Zaragoza Avenue (formerly JuĂĄrez Street).

Since then, Zaragoza continues to undergo changes in its urban and social structure. This corridor connects the southern limit of the Historic Center from east to west. Currently, the rapid growth of the population is a great challenge in the area. The current government is implementing urban mobility improvement projects, which has led people to raise their voices on environmental, economic and social impact issues.

When imagining futures, it is possible to create another city in our minds that could be considered impossible, but isn’t this the space to demand hope?

It is necessary to listen to the true experts of the place.

The inhabitants in the area have moved to the digital space as a meeting point where they can express and call for action.

Instead of limiting our understanding of the city through what is politically possible, we must raise awareness of the contemporary crisis by giving voice and power to people.

Thinking beyond the implications of conventional urban design interventions, this project aims to consider an expanded notion of city that meets the needs and demands of people.