DE KOEPEL by Thais Cshunderlick

E L P

Delft University of Technology Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Minor Heritage & Design Studio Q2 BK7553 Architecture and Re-Use Mentor Paul Kroese Student ThaĂs Cshunderlick Number 4932706

ORIGINAL FLOOR PLAN

14 m

Area: 325 m2

A 8.2 x 8.6 = 71m2 B 8.2 x 11.8 = 97m2

1 2 3

2nd floor: 1 - 15 m2 2 - 18 m2 3 - 8 m2 4 - 26 m2 5 - 12 m2 6 - 22 m2 7 - 10 m2

4 2nd floor

2nd floor

9,3m

5,3m

6,3m

7,8m

Areas: C: 420 m2 D: 362 m2

1.070m2

565m2

1.715m2

870m2

4.200m2 590m2

121

65 m 3.185 m2

Radius: 32 m Diameter: 64 m

70 m

Radius: 27 m 2.300 m

117 m

Diameter: 54 m

60 cells per floor (4 floors = 240 cells)

inside area of all the cells: 240 x 11 m2 = 2.640 m2

1.0m 0.8m

~ 11 m2 880 m2

1.2m 3.0m

4.2m

analysis it is composed by four cell rings and each floor has 60 cells, each with 11m2

D A T A

the dome prison of Haarlem was built from 1899 to 1901 by the architect W. C. Metzelaar

C I T Y

HISTORY

the internal diameter of the cilinder is 54m resulting in 2.300 m2 of free area in the center

the Panopticon (‘everything seen’): initial plans of the concept from 1787

according to Michel Foucault “the cells are like so many small theatres, in which each actor is alone, perfectly individualised and constantly visible”.

S T U D Y

to understand what makes the historical buldings a heritage site was essencial to identify the spatial, architectural and physical qualities but also the intangible features that contribute to the spirit of place

the area around the dome is a pedestrian zone, close to the railway station and to the city center

besides the cilinder, the complex is composed by multiple annexes that were built between 1903 and 2001

Intentional commemorative value

Brand + \ Riegl +

Age value

Historical value

Surroundings/ Setting [+]

Medium: incorporate into the city in the 16th century; surrounding area mostly new 1

Low: not many historic buildings in the direct vacinity

Site

Medium: prison is old but there are newer extensions

Medium: relation with the water is half there

Non intended commemorative value

Use value

New-ness value

(relative) Art value

Rarity value [+]

High: The triangle city center-train stationprison. The bridge (Catharijnebrug)

Medium: big changes of functions (industrial to residential) and construction of new buildings 2

Low: but closeness to the windmill De Adriaan

High: the dome volume as a landmark in the city

Medium: the shape and impression of a prison will be remembered

High: gardens, the entrances, the parking spot in front and the courtyards 4

Low: there is no art on the site

Medium: the prison walls

Medium: the window bars. High: the beauty and good shape of the exterior

Low: end of the 20th century extensions

High: the beauty of the exterior decorations and the brickwork

Skin (exterior)

Structure

Space plan

Surfaces (interior) [+]

Medium: in general the skin is old but the brick is irregularly maintained. High: the East and West faรงades and the prison walls

High: old structure, extensions have lower age value

The value and age differs per part of the prison

High: the prison was built in a specific style belonging to the turn of the century. The outer layer is characteristic to the building and its history.

Medium: decorations in the faรงades

Medium: the interior arrangement of spaces has been changed and added to over time with less valuable buildings.

Low: most of the surfaces are covered in plaster or new

Low: floors and plaster hide historic layers (could be brought back)

High: the open space inside the dome. Medium: courtyards, gardens and cells

B Stuff

Spirit of place

Low: the new extensions promoted a loss of Medium: differences perception of the between large and small curvature of the circle. areas Fragmentation of volumes and shapes.

Low: due to the fast life-cycle of furniture it changed a lot. 20

Medium: human interpretation of imprisonment.

High: The services are always in sight and rarely hidden away

High: the collective memory of the site as a prison will remain for a long time 21

Medium: lack of connexions between the original circle and the new aditions to the former prison

Medium: circular stairs in the dome connecting the cell's floors

Low: poor vertical circulation

Medium: Many of the services need to be replaced (like ventilation), but some (like elevators or plumbing) can be reused or their spaces can be reused.

Medium: Since the prison only closed in 2016 many services are still new.

Low: Not much of the original Stuff remains in the prison. It needs to fully be redecorated

High: multiple spatial possibilities in terms of scale; light and darkness; rhythm and repetitiveness.

Medium: the sensations of freedom and isolation promoted by the limits gates and walls.

High: A prison in general and its shape makes a special experience. The feeling is very unique to the location due to its built and history 23

High: as a prison dome is a very specific type of building, this space plan is rather uncommon

Medium: there are new paintings in the building

Low: the new cilinders Medium: specifically the elements added drinking fountains are inside the dome area valueable, other services for survailance and are too old circulation. 17

High: large open areas that gives opportunities 13 for re-use. Low: the large open space and many small rooms are unconventional and hard to change due to the supporting walls

High: the special High: Not many of these structure of the prison kind of dome structures (especially the dome) is have been created in the impressive and shows Netherlands. craftmanship 10

Medium: the interior brickwork of the prison dome is highly decorative, but not very visible 16

Low: the glass triangle in De Vest

High: Zinc roof

Medium: practical use of plastered walls and cleanable floors

Services

Low: no really modern High: the structures are structures or building intact and can be reused materials (only up to '90)

Medium: the planned reintroduction of water and green areas. High: sun orientation 6 and natural light

High: the structure shows a specific way High: the structure is of building used in the nearly always visible past. The arched ceilings and used as a decorative and beams are very element 9 characteristic

High: very large building block compared to the rest of Haarlem 5

Other relevant values

VALUE MATRIX A. Surroundings, Site and Skin

4 5

VALUE MATRIX B. Space Plan, Services and Stuff

VALUE MATRIX C. Structure, Surfaces and Spirit of Place 22

10 9

FINAL VALUE MAP OF DE KOEPEL high value

positive value indifferent remove

the current configuration and horizontal circulation of the complex is introvert with multiple barriers but the shapes create interesting spaces

free space available after removals

potential for open areas

options

KEEP AND DEMOLISH

MINIMUM

structural re-use value of identity

prison features no dynamism

“independents”

MEDIUM keep the shapes free groundfloor new axis “the gardens”

interferences fragmentation

EXTREME independent pavillions free areas disconnections role of the walls identity loss

“urban loop”

options

ENTRANCES

ROOF

goods

people

VENTILATION

SUNLIGHT

ACOUSTICS all glass

more openings

shade gradient

STUDY OF USES AND RELATIONS

food

museum

multiple uses adm/ reception

museum

commercial

hotel

private

FINAL CONCEPT MAXIMUM USE & MINIMUM INTERVENTION

introvert space public

CULTURE

DAY CARE

MULTIPLE USES

CAFÃ&#x2030;

multifunctional

COMMERCIAL

HOTEL BAR

ARTISTIC PROGRAM

VENUE HIRE

SPOKEN WORD

PARTIES

LIVE MUSIC

CERIMONIES

CIRCUS & CABARET

CONFERENCES

EXPOSITIONS

PRODUCT LAUNCH

THEATRE

INSTALLATIONS

DINNERS

STADING RECEPTION

COMMUNITY USE MARKETS

BOOKS FOOD

FURNITURE

CULTURAL

COMPETITIONS PUBLIC PARK

VOLUME TESTS

the maze

art exibition

the concert

the library

bk west urbanism

the auditorium

FIRE ESCAPES

event focus

considering the 4 existing exits it is proposed a combination of 2 big fire escapes and 12 smaller:

5.2 m

6.0 m

1 m2

leaving empty half of the area available for equipment, one can consider 1.000mÂ˛ occupied by the maximum of 4 people/mÂ˛, resulting in 4.000 people in case of an emergency that is the number being use for the project of the fire escapes

WIDTH

study for implement the fire escapes in the existing building and structure

2.4 m

5.2 m

0.9 m

window

1.2 m

108

2.4 m

216

2.9 m

261

5.2 m

468

6.0 m

540

inner cells (two cells)

2.9 m

free cells

0.9 m

inner cell (one cell)

6.0 m

minimum of fire escapes

door

outer cell (one cell)

1.2 m

people/escape (x 90)

outer cells (two cells)

CONNECTIONS AND GREEN AREAS

B A

services

guests

HOTEL

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Roundhouse is a hub of inspiration where artists and emerging talent create extraordinary work and where young people can grow creatively as individuals. We believe in the power of creativity to change lives. By giving young people the chance to engage with the arts through our music, media and performance projects, we inspire them to reach further, dream bigger, and achieve more.â&#x20AC;?

Rondhouse, London

Architectural Doughnuts: Circular-Plan Buildingsâ&#x20AC;Ś

763

Fig. 5 Interior view of the Camden Roundhouse, built as a locomotive shed and now an entertainment

Westergasfabriek, Amsterdam People come to Amsterdamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Westergasfabriek to meet, work and relax. This beautiful city park, with its historic factory buildings surrounded by expanses of green, also has workplaces, venues for large and small events, and a range of catering, film, theatre and exhibition facilities.

Markhal, Rotterdam

‘La Torre’, Tuscany

781

The diameter of the internal core (the ‘jam’) is given on the x-axis, in 5 m increments. The external diameter of the plan is given on the y-axis, in 5 m increments. The numbers in the table give percentages of floor area represented by the external ring (the ‘dough’). Numbers in bold correspond to real buildings discussed in the text. The figures above the numbers in bold represent the plans of the real buildings discussed in the text schematically as pairs of concentric circles, to scale

Table 3 A ‘morphospace’ of possible diagrammatic plans for ‘jam doughnut’ buildings, presented as a table

Architectural Doughnuts: Circular-Plan Buildings…

GROUND FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR

THIRD FLOOR

INSIDE THE CELLS GROUND FLOOR

BATHROOMS

STAIRS

FIRE ESCAPE

ENTRANCE DOOR KITCHEN

INSIDE THE CELLS KOEPEL

1st FLOOR

2nd FLOOR

INSIDE THE CELLS

SECTION AA

2018

1960

WINDOWS

ORIGINAL FACADE

NEW FACADE