Punctuation Punctuation marks and capital letters
Focus
Ideas for further practice
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• Revise incorrectly-identified errors in future grammar lessons. • Students write their own texts using all the same punctuation marks included on page 59.
Answers
Definitions
1. Dear Milla
ew i ev Pr
Teac he r
Capital letters for sentence beginnings and proper nouns Full stops at the end of a sentence and for abbreviations Question marks Exclamation marks
Would you believe that our laptop has died and my mobile has no service? Talk about primitive! Our holiday to ‘get back to nature’, as Dad puts it, has certainly been interesting! Three months away from home, school and friends felt like forever when we started our holiday, but time is starting to fly. When we left home in Sept., I thought it would take ages to end but it’s almost Nov. already.
• Full stops are punctuation marks used to show the end of a sentence. • An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word. A full stop can be used to show that a word has been abbreviated. Example: paragraph—para. or figure—fig. • Question marks are punctuation marks used to indicate a question. • Exclamation marks are punctuation marks used at the end of a remark to show strong emotion or feeling. Example: Oh bother! I’ve spilt the milk!
© R. I . C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
We seem to have travelled over half of Vic. and Tas. and who would believe that there are so many things to see and do? I’ve been completely ‘blown away’ by some of the sights we’ve seen! So amazing! Crystal L. is so beautiful, with water so clear and clean that you can see fish swimming metres below the surface. Not at all dirty and muddy like Bowen R. back home!
m . u
We took a canoe ride around Peaceful Harb. and didn’t collide with any speedboats, surf skis or Sunday sailors. What a change! We usually take our lives in our hands when we go canoeing at home, don’t we?
w ww
Explanation
• Full stops, also called periods, usually show the end of an idea or thought in a sentence. They can also indicate that a break or pause is needed when reading. • In abbreviations, full stops are not used when the last letter is the last letter of the word.* Example: Rd, St, Dr • A question is an interrogative sentence, addressed to someone in order to elicit information. • Exclamation marks usually indicate a strong feeling, such as surprise, disgust, anger or joy. An exclamation mark can be used at the end of an interjection (Oh no!) or command (Don’t touch!) and to add emphasis.
. te
o c . che e r o t r s super
Yesterday, we took a boat trip across to Seal Is. but we had to be really careful not to get too close. We actually got to see seals in the flesh! The seals are so powerful and sleek that it’s such a shame they are still being hunted. Who would have thought that Dad would come up such a good idea? Still, I do miss technology! I’ll send you an email or text message as soon as we get home next week. Your pal Ravi 2.–4. Teacher check
Worksheet information • Revise the information about full stops, question marks, exclamation marks, abbreviations and capital letters by using some examples before asking the students to complete the worksheet. Primary grammar and word study
* R.I.C. Publications employs full stops for abbreviations as recommended by the Style manual for authors, editors and printers, sixth edition (2002). 58
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