Figures of speech Metaphors
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• Students choose a metaphor to describe people with particular attributes in Question 4.
Focus Metaphors
Ideas for further practice • Students write a prose similar to ‘My dad’ about another member of their family. They should include as many metaphors as they can. • In small groups, think of more ‘colour’ metaphors; for example: yellow – cowardly. • List words to do with the Arctic/Antarctica. Transform them into metaphors to create a poem with an Arctic/Antarctic theme.
• A metaphor is a comparison between two things without the use of as or like. Metaphors say something is something else. Example: The sunset was a rainbow of colours. A blanket of snow covered the street.
Explanation
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Definition
Answers
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1. My dad is a giant. His hands are planks of wood and his feet are boats. At times, he is an erupting volcano with a voice of thunder, but whenever I am sad, my dad is a teddy bear. His arms are a warm blanket and his chest a pillow.
2. (a) Dad’s voice, thunder (b) Dad has a very loud voice.
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• Metaphors are figures of speech. They are an example of figurative language, as opposed to literal language. In figurative language, words are used to create mental images and impressions by comparing ideas. These comparisons help the reader to more clearly imagine the person, place or thing being described. • Metaphors make writing more interesting, entertaining and colourful. Writers use metaphors to emphasise a certain characteristic of something. A metaphor states that two subjects are the same, which gives one subject the attributes of the other. Example: In the playground, the children were a pack of wild animals. The children have been given the attributes of a ‘pack of wild animals’ being loud and untamed.
3. (a) a rake – thin (b) a lion in battle – brave (c) a bolt of lightning – very fast (d) a pig sty – messy (e) an angel – kind
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4. Teacher check
Worksheet information
• Read the explanation of a metaphor at the top of the page and give examples. Ask students if they can think of any other examples of metaphors. • Read the text ‘My dad’ with the class. Students work in pairs or small groups to identify the metaphors in the text. • Work through Question 2 with the class. Explain that a metaphor is a comparison between two subjects which are not normally linked. • In Question 3, students draw lines to match the metaphors with their literal meanings. Primary grammar and word study
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