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UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE TAHMINEH MIRNEZHAD
Content 01. Week One About me Previous Work Favorite Architects
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ABOUT ME
PREVIOUS WORK
My name is Tahmineh. I am Persian, an international student who moved to Melbourne in 2011. I have done my first year of Architecture degree overseas. I transferred to University of Melbourne in my second year of degree. My previous design studios we were restricted to hand drawing. I am quite confident with hand drawing and I truly enjoy it. I have worked with 3D Max, AutoCAD, Photo Shop and Illustrator. This is my first experience with Rhino. It is challenging, but I am always excited to learn new things. I am passionate about design. I really enjoy dealing with compositions. In architecture, geometry and solidness are my favorite principals. I admire many architectural style and architects. Amongst all, I admire Mario Botta and Antoni Gaudi‘s works.
Shown to the right is one of my design studio projects in my previous university. The images illustrate the process of designing a space for dwelling. The brief required four spaces. Space for entrance, , relaxation, transition and meditation. In terms of enclosure I divided my spaces into two category; open spaces and enclosed spaces. The open spaces are dedicated to entrance and meditation and the enclosed spaces are dedicated to transition and relaxation. My concept for the design was light and shadow. Light enter to the building through the rhythmic opening of the walls, direct the visitor to th e mediation space.
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MARIO BOTTA Church of San Giovanni Battista
http://www.designbuild-network.com/features/feature1561/feature1561-3.html
This church is designed by Mario Botta in 1992- 1998 in Switzerland.Aside from a glazed roof, this church is enveloped, inside and out, by alternating runs and blocks of grey Riveo granite and white Peccia marble—both native to the region(www.mimoa.eu).Building is presented as a single solid shape. Visually from the exterior it has a very simple geometry. It is through the pattern
ofthe materials that the design starts to shine. I believe this building has a strong poetic qulity, which is done by arranging the materilas based on their color. The other cruscial design element in this building is the skylight.Glazed roof at the main space of the church, brings natural light and daylight into the space. The patterns created by sunlight intorduce special qulity to the space.
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http://www.designbuild-network.com/features/feature1561 /feature1561-3.html
http://www.designbuild-network.com/features/feature1561 /feature1561-3.html
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Antoni Gaudi Casa Batllo
http://www.gaudidesigner.com/uk/
Casa Batlló, located in the heart of Passeig de Gràcia, is a delightful element. It is a collection of symbolism, a canvas of marine inspiration, a dream world, which evokes nature with its organic elements and is suggestive of fantasy. Quite apart from its artistic value, the building is extremely functional. It is that is much more typical of the present than of the past. There are even those who see elements in it which are the vanguard of late 20th century architecture.
There are even those who see elements in it which are the vanguard of late 20th century architecture. Human bones are used as a source of inspiration in some part of the façade. The curvinilaear elements in all parts of the building generate a sense of movement. This building stands out because of its organic forms, the innovation of the concepts employed, and the methodology used.
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http://www.casabatllo.es/en/image-gallery/
http://www.casabatllo.es/en/image-gallery/
http://www.casabatllo.es/en/image-gallery/
http://www.gaudidesigner.com/uk/casa-batllo.html
http://www.casabatllo.es/en/image-gallery/
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References: http://mimoa.eu/projects/Switzerland/Mogno/Church%20of%20San%20Giovanni%20Battist a http://www.botta.ch/Page/Recenti_en.php Mario Botta / introduction by Christian Norberg-Schulz ; text by Mirko Zardini ; edited and photographed by Yukio Futagawa.Tokyo : A.D.A. Edita,1984 Zardini, Mirko. The architecture of Mario Botta / introduction by Christian NorbergSchulz ; text by Mirko Zardini ; edited and photographed by Yukio Futagawa. Published New York : Rizzoli, 1985, c1984. Solà-Morales Rubió, Ignasi, 1942- Antoni Gaudí / Ignasi Solà-Morales ; photography by Rafael Vargas. Published New York : Harry N. Abrams, 2003. Gaudí / Ignasi de Solà-Morales ; photographs, F. Català-Roca ; [translation by Kenneth Lyons]. Published New York : Rizzoli, 1984, c1983.
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Content 02. Week Two Computation in Architecture Structural Oscillations Institute du Monde Arabe
Computation in Architecture
There is an argument that computers are beneficial to architectural design process. Prior to argue the advantages of computer design, it is important to look at the definition of few terms such as; design, architect and architecture. According to science philosopher Jacob Bronowski, design is the epitome of intelligent behavior: it is the single most important ability that distinguishes humans from other animals.(Yehuda E. Kalay,2004). In architecture design in more complicated than other types of design. According to Kalay(2004), Prior to renaissance buildings were constructed not planned . Architecture was not defined as an independent role. Architect role was involved in both construction and artistic aspect of design. Architectural design as we know it today is a relatively recent phenomenon. The separation of designing from building considered architects as independent agents in the building design filed:� by mastering the art of design, professionals in charge of building projects moved away from the craft of making buildings and became theoreticians skilled in drawing and making models. To emphasize their distinction from the master builders, who continued to be in charge of construction, they adopted the name architect, derived from Greek.� (Kalay, 2004).Through time, architectural techniques and approaches has changed significantly. Computers play an important role in designing buildings. The basic notion of design is analysis. Computers, by their nature, are great analytical engines. If appropriately programmed, they can follow a line of reasoning to its logical conclusion. Computers never tire, make silly mistakes, and will gladly search through and correlate facts buried in the endless heaps of information they can store. They will do all that quickly and repeatedly, by following a set of instructions called a program. These abilities of computers enable the designers to be flexible in their design process. Computers speed up the architectural design process and give this opportunity to be highly creative. .
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http://www.rok-office.com/academic/all/structural-oscillations-0063/
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Structural Oscillations Installation at the 11th Venice Architectural Biennale
The brick installation "Structural Oscillations" was designed for the 11th Architectural Biennale in Venice. The instalation is fabricated on site with a mobile robotic fabrication unit. The design of the 100 m long brick wall is based upon a continuous line which redefines the spatial organization of the pavilion. “The rules for the computational generation of its shape are deduced from the constructive requirement that each produced wall segment should stand firmly on its own.�(www.archdaily.com) Where the generative curve is almost straight, the wall's footprint begins to swing. This increase the stability. The surface of the wall is further articulated through rotating the individual bricks. The rotation is directly derived from the curvature of the wall.
The project was developed at the Professorship for Architecture and Digital Fabrication at the ETH Zurich in collaboration with the curator Reto Geiser in the context of the exhibition Explorations, the Swiss contribution to the 11th Architectural Biennale in Venice. This example illustrate the role of computation in architecture. with the aid of computer the instaltion was done effictively. The curvature of the wall is planned prirorly and oprated by the robot.Brick work used to be artisans skills but with the aid of computers and robots the role of artisans has changed. New artisan’s sits in front of computers and do the craft works. Computers are changing the whole notion of industry in many aspects the future of this technology is predictable but fir sure it is very revolutionary.
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http://www.archdaily.com/36439/pike-loop-a-robot-built-installation-in-nyc/
http://www.archdaily.com/36439/pike-loop-a-robot-built-installation-in-nyc/
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Institute du Monde Arabe Jean Nouvel
http://moreaedesign.wordpress.com/2010/09/14/more-about-institut-du-monde-arabe-paris-france/
The Arab World Institute is a multi-function cultural center, including a museum, temporary exhibition spaces, a library, a documentation center, an auditorium, a restaurant, and children’s workshops.The building was designed to display in grand effect the Arabic culture while simultaneously blending in to the Parisian landscape. The major player in this hybridization is the south facade.The south facade is a modern interpretation of the traditional Arab screen, the moucharabieh.Camera shutters were used to create a miasma of circles and poylgons. The shutters are all linked to a central computer which controls how much light is allowed into the structure by manipulating the shutters, all 25000 of them. The focus of this building, as made apparent from the previous information, was the manipulation and molding of light. This is a good exmple of usage of computer and technology to achive high level of aestetic and sustainblity in architecture.The staircases and cylindrical book tower are excellent examples of the use of light and structure.The structure’s complexity of steel members and frames adds to the Arabic weave of the environment.
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http://moreaedesign.wordpress.com/2010/09/14/more-about-institut-du-monde-arabe-paris-france/
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References: Yehuda E. Kalay, Architecture's New Media : Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2004), pp. 5 - 25. Kolarevic, Branko, Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing (New York; London: Spon Press, 2003), pp. 3 - 28. Kolarevic, Branko, Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing (New York; London: Spon Press, 2003), pp. 28 - 62 http://www.rok-office.com/academic/all/structural-oscillations-0063/ http://www.akdn.org/architecture/project.asp?id=959 http://moreaedesign.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/mda11.jpg http://moreaedesign.wordpress.com/2010/09/14/more-aboutinstitut-du-monde-arabe-paris-france/ http://www.archdaily.com/36439/pike-loop-a-robot-built-installation-in-nyc/ http://www.archdaily.com/36439/pike-loop-a-robot-builtinstallation-in-nyc/080815_063_bauprozess_ms_206_prsm/
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Content 03. Week Three Parametric Design Gantenbein Vineyard Facade, Fl채sch Flight Assembled Architectur
Parametric Design
In architectural discourse, parametric design iscontroversial.what is parametric design in architecture? Patrik Schumacher as one of experts in Parametric design, explain that; “ all architectural elements and complexes are parametrically malleable. This implies a fundamental ontological shift within the basic, constituent elements of architecture. Instead of classical and modern reliance on rigid geometrical figures –rectangles, cubes, cylinders, pyramids and spheres – the new primitives of parametricism are animate geometrical entities –spines, nurbs ”In 21st century, technology is running human’s life. The human’s needs and norms are more complex. Architecture as one the most influential designs need to respond to complex issues. Parametric design gives the opportunity to designers to create unlimited shape and form and methods. According to Schumacher, “ Parametricism seems to organize the increasing diversity and complexity of social institutions and life processes within the most advanced societies. It aims to establish a complex variegated spatial order, using scripting to differentiate and correlate all elements and subsystems of design. “In 19 th century Industrial revolutions, affected architecture language enormously. Now in 21 century it is the environmental issues that dominate the architecture. Parametric design is a great approach for finding new solutions to environmental issues of the built environment. In this chapter I looked at two buildings that are designed through parametric design. The innovations that are possible through parametric design saved great amount of energy and time in.
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http://www.fourthdoor.co.uk/unstructured/unstructured_04/article4_2.php
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Gantenbein Vineyard Facade, Fläsch Gramazio & Kohler IBased on the simple concrete skeleton installed with bricks. The masonry was used as a temperature buffer, as well _altering the sunlight for the fermentation room behind it. The bricks are designed so that daylight penetrates the hall through the gaps between the bricks. These bricks are designed ina way to avoid direct sunlight in to the space.Also Polycarbonate panels are mounted inside the panels to protect against wind. In This project the robotic production method enables the designers to lay out thousands of brick especially according to programmed parameters at the desired angle .The technology of parametric allowed designers to construct each wall based on the desired light and air exchange for each wall. In the meantime it generated a texture to the entire facade. This allowed us to design and construct each. The wall elements were manufactured as a pilot project in the research facilities at theETH Zurich. The walls transported by lorry to the construction site, and installed using arcane. Because construction was already quite advanced, was only three months before Assembly on site. This made manufacturing the 72 façade elements a challenge both technologically and in terms of deadlines. As the robot could be driven directly by the design data, without our having to produce additional implementation drawings, the designers were able to work on the design of the façade up to the very last minute before starting production. For the manufacturing process for the 400 square meter façade, automated process Was used in order to apply the twocomponent bonding agent. The reason is each brick has a deferent rotation; every single brick has a deferent and unique overlap with the brick below it, and the one below that. The automation in Load tests revealed that the bonding agent was so structurally effective that the reinforcements normally required for Conventional prefabricated walls were unnecessary. This project is a successful example in Parametric design. .
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http://www.fourthdoor.co.uk/unstructured/unstructured_04/article4_2.php
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Flight Assembled Architecture Gramazio & Kohler Flight Assembled Architecture is the first architectural installation assembled by flying robots. This has been done entirely free from the touch of human hands. The installation is an expression of a rigorous architectural design by Gramazio & Kohler and a special robotic system by Ra_aello D’Andrea. The base of this project is on algorithms. “Flight Assembled Architecture consists of over 1.500 modules which are placed by a multitude of quad rotor helicopters, collaborating according to mathematical algorithms. These algorithms translate digital design data to the behavior of the flying machines. Ants unfold as model in 1:100 scale.” (GramazioKohler.com) . In this way, the flying vehicles, together, extend themselves as “living” architectural machines and complete the composition from their dynamic formation of movement and building performance. Within the build, an architectural vision of a 600m high “vertical village” for 30’000 inhabitants unfolds as model in 1:100 scale. This newly founded village is located in the rural area of Meuse, taking advantage of an existing TGV connection that brings its inhabitants to Paris in less than one hour. It is from this quest of an “ideal” self-sustaining habitat that the authors pursue a radical new way of thinking and materializing verticality in architecture, Flight Assembled Architecture.
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http://www.gramaziokohler.com/web/e/projekte/52.html
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References: http://www.gramaziokohler.com/web/e/projekte/52.html http://www.robarch2012.org/workshops http://www.evolo.us/architecture/new-parametric-urban-streetfurniture-for-hong-kong http://www.gramaziokohler.com//web/includes/popup.php?_le=http:// www.dfab.arch.ethz.ch/data/bilder/02_Web/122/111214_FlyingVehicle_09_WE.jpg&Cop yright=46&lang=e&closeText=click%20to%20close
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Content 04. Week Four My journey Experimenting Grasshopper Group Statement Case study
My Parametric Journey
. . Not being familiar with Rhino and Grasshopper the journey was and still is challenging for me. Compare to 3d max, Rhino seems to be more friendly.( Not that I am such an expert in any of these programs). I started to learn Grasshopper not having any idea what is going on. It was like you have been sent to another planet. To me Grasshopper components were like batteries that are getting connected together to generate power. Week by week this start to change. In week two I start to make sense bit of what I have been doing through exercise. Working with Grasshopper is a heavy task. It is like creating a massive complex system such as human’s body. Everything required to be planned before hand. It is like defining a brain for a body to work. In architectural design, things may change freqently; working with a defined system is helpful.
. This means there are specified and defined parameters that are fallowing a function that can adapt to the instructions given. In 18th century industrial revolution, enormously affected the type of buildings and architectural styles. In twentieth century it is the environmental issues that are imposing instruction to architects. To deal with such a complex environmental issues, an advanced and developed design approach is required. I believe parametric design is a suitable approach for complex issues such as environmental issues. Parametric design may take longer time to process but eventually is more sustainable. For instance, in the past, brick work required a long process interms of installation. But now parametric design invents solutions to speed up the brick design process.
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Experimenting Grasshopper
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Group Statement
The area of parametric our group wants to pursue is penalization. Panalisation involves the breaking up of complex surfaces by repeating elements. Panalisationis is an interesting technique which allows you to construct a complex form from multiple panels and simple geometric shapes. This approach is well suited to the site in Wyndham because it is easy to transport and then can be constructed on site. Having multiple panels also makes maintenance work easy and cost effective. The panels could be replace individually. The panels will be easy to install and construct. This benefit will also result in a cost effective design. Panalisation can be used to create various forms and surfaces and is not restrictive which will mean we will not be limiting our design.We are able to adapt the design to a variety of scales and sites and the sculpture could be change
and adapted to move to a different site. With simple regular panel there is the possibility to create complex irregularly forms by having the panels follow different curves or surfaces. Also it is possible to have the panels attached so that they can be made self-supportive. It will be easy to create a visually exciting sculpture via retain of panels or changing position to allow different effect with lighting and shadows. The panalisation method is adaptable to different materials. The flexibility in materials can allow for cost effective and sustainable materials to be used. Flexibility of materials also extend the design options which is aesthetically beneficial. The components are adaptable and can be recycled. The sculpture can evolve and change to remain exciting to visitors or local residents.This is a suitable approach. .
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Case Study Voussoir Cloud “‘Voussoir Cloud’ explores the structural paradigm of pure compression coupled with an ultra-light material system. The design includes system of vaults to be experienced both from within and from above. Structurally, the vaults rely on each other and the three walls to retain their pure compressive form. The fourteen segmented pieces also resolve to make a series of five columns that support the interior and back edge.The overall design draws from the work of engineer/architects such as Frei Otto and Antonio Gaudi, who used hanging chain models to find efficient form. Both computational hanging chain models is used to refine and adjust the profile lines as pure catenaries, and form finding programs to determine the purely compressive vault shapes.
http://www.alanslu.com
http://www.alanslu.com
www.archivenue.com/voussoir-cloud-by-iwamotoscott-with-buro-happold/
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References: http://www.alanslu.com/#Voussoir-Cloud-IwamotoScott http://www.demagazine.co.uk/architecture/voussoir-cloud http://www.archivenue.com/voussoir-cloud-by-iwamotoscott-with-buro-happold/
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Content 05. Week Five Analysis of Case Study Re-engineering
Analysis of case study
The voussoir cloud project by IwamotoScott is a site-specific installation inspired by the works of Antonio Gaudi and Frei Otto, who used hanging chain models to find their forms. The engineering firm who worked on this project used computational hanging chain models to help refine and adjust the profile lines. It was first modeled in Rhino, as pure catenaries. They also used form-finding programs that could help determine purely compressive vault shapes. Their design explores the conflicting ideas of the traditional compression of a vault and the use of ultra-light materials. When joined together, the Voussoir create a natural vault. The success of the entire structure depends upon each of the individual units. The design is successful in terms of finding the juxtaposition of vault compression and ultra-light materials.. However, the constraints of the parametric design may have lead to restricted outcomes. The inability to evolve the design outside of the constraints of the parameters may have limited the aesthetics of the design and prevented a more successful result. Our final outcome of the
Voussoir Cloud project has a common aesthetic with the original project. The base surface is a similar design and layout, although our surface is more regular – each ‘cone’ is of the same dimensions and laid out in a grid structure. The surface of the Voussoir Cloud uses varying scales for the ‘cones’, and is much more curvilinear. The panels of the Voussoir Cloud are variations of the Voussoir wedge – ranging from zero curved edges to three curved edges. These panels were difficult to recreate, therefore we decided to use an organic shape for the beginning of our design. Like the Cloud, our panels have solid and void spaces, allowing for penetration of light. If unconstrained by the original form, we would experiment more with irregularity in the patterning and incorporation of light / shadow effects via varying depths of panels and different transparencies of materials. We want the installation to be multidimensional to provide different experiences from varying viewpoints. We would also like to explore the possibility for an evolving installation – ie. One that can be changed or adapted..
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Analysis of case study
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Re - engineering case study
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After experiencing the Vessoir Cloud case study. This is the next stage we done with our model. Panels are part of the surface.
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This stage we try a different definition. Creating points on the sourface.
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Re - engineering case study
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In this stage, we define a new system. The arch is designed in Rhino and referenced to Grasshopper as surface. The panels are designed in Rhino and Referenced in Grasshopper by defining a separate system (Box Morph) These two systems are associated together to create the whole shape.
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I.This stage, illustrate how we arrange the space. Buy copying the definition of panels we multiply the number of each arch.
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References: http://www.alanslu.com/#Voussoir-Cloud-IwamotoScott http://www.demagazine.co.uk/architecture/voussoir-cloud http://www.archivenue.com/voussoir-cloud-by-iwamotoscott-with-buro-happold/