Phlov preah nipean by suonvuthyy

pøÚvRBHniBaVn eroberogeday yin KwmvaN

e)aHBumc< nM nY 2000k,al sRmab;CaFmµTan B>s>2553 - K>s 2009

GarmÖkfa e)aHBumelI <elIkTI2 enAqñaM2002 ´)anRbmUlesovePAFm’cas;² CaBiesssñaéd rbs;RkumCMnuMRBHéRtbidk eroberogeFVICaesovePAFm’mYy mancMNg eCIgfa ³ brmtßaFib,ayénCIvti Bit e)aHBum<EckpSayCaFmµTan)an cMnnY 1000k,al . GtßbTrbs;esovePAenH manEcgGMBI BuTb§ ,vtþi rUb citþ ectsik esaPNcitþ rU)avcrcitþ GrU)avrcitþ EdlCaelakiyFm’ . bMrgu nwgeroberogEpñkelakutrþ Fm’bnþ GaRs½yminTan;manbBaØayl;dwg RKb;RKan; enAeBlcab;epþImniBn§cgRkg ecHEtmankarTujTal; erob erogesckþIminecj k¾sMercbBa©b;esovePAenH RtwmGrU)avcrcitþ. karsikSaRsavRCavmkdl;qañ M2006 eTIbmanlT§PaBGacemIl Km<rI Fm’epSg² sþBI eI lakutrþ Fm’yl;)an dUcCaeBaFibkçyi Fm’7kg vibsSnakmµdaæ n man]bkar³naM[ekItvibsSnajaNy:agNa Gacdwg )anfa Km<Irk,Ünc,ab;bru aNxøH sMEdgmanxømw sarenAceg¥ót Km<rI xøHman esckþTI lU TM lU ayRKan;ebI b:Eu nþeRbIBaküXøaeXøag Gtßmni sUvc,as;las; Bi)akyl;esckþ.I eRkayBImankaryl;dgw RKan;ebI eTIbGaccab;cgRkgeroberog edayeFVkI ardkRsg; EksRmYlbMeBjGtßesckþI [RsbeTAtamsPavFm’ Bit RsYlyl; gaysþab;)anRKan;ebI EdlmancMNgeCIgfa vibsSna Fmµtaß Fib,ay e)aHBum<qañ M 2007 cMnnY 1000k,alTukCaFmµTan. edayyl;eXIjfa esovePATaMg2enH manFm’Tak;TgKñadUcEdl manEcgenAkñgú Km<rI GPiFmµbdi k müa:gedIm,IsrM lY dl;karsikSaeronsURt I

rbs;ski çakam eTIbkare)aHBum<elIkTI2enH )anbBa©lÚ Kña eFVCI aesovePA EtmYyk,alvijmancMNgeCIgfa pøvÚ RBHniBaVn. e)aHBum<elIkenH ´)an dkykFm’Rtg; Gana) Gana)ansSti ansStikfa BIKm<IrRBHéRtbidk mkbBa©lÚ bEnßm edayeXIjBuT§bris½Tbc©úb,nñenH mankarniymeRcIn müa:gGñkR)aCJ buraNacarü )ancgRkgFm’enH eXIjenAsl;tictYc EfmTaMgBuMsUv manesckþIGFib,ay [gayyl;kgñú karbdibtþEi fmeTotpg.´RBHkurNa RKan;Et)anGFib,ay bkRsaynUvbBaðaKnøHw sMxan;² mYycMnnY b:eu NÑaH eTAtambTBiesaFn_ Edl)anGnuvtþCak;Esþg eFV[I GtßbTRtg;Gana)an sStikmµdaæ n manTRmg;Carebobbdibtþi eRcInCagmun b:Eu nþkm¾ ni Tan; manesckþTI lU TM Ulay gayyl;enAeLIyEdreT. kalBIéf¶1ekIt ExBisax qñaCM tU sMrTi si§ k½ B>s> 2552 ´)an eTAbMeBjsmf³ nigvibsSnaPavnaenAPñKM EU ln ¬eBIgRBH5GgÁ¦ edIm,I Gb;rbM nÞúcM ti þ [dl;nvU elakutþrFm’ ´RBHkurNa k¾Gacbeg¥anciteþ TAkan; RBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_)an . eRkayeBlsRmakBIkmµdaæ nmYyelIk² ´EtgeqøótEktRmUvGtßbTTaMgenHeLIgvij [RsbtamsPavFm’Bti EdlCabdievF bnÞab;BsI ikSaRBHbriytþi nigbdibtþiGs;ry³eBl10qñaM knøgmk. karBinti üEksRmYl esckþrI bs;GtßbTenH)anRbRBwteþ TA Gs;CagmYyqñaM b:Eu nþkarCYs EksRmYlGtßbTeLIgvijy:agenH k¾mni GacCYsbMeBj [RKb;RKan;Gs;GtßesckþI)anEdr b:Eu nþ´RBHkruNa sgÇwmfa esovePAFm’enH mankarviPaKGtßesckþI RsbtamsPavFm’ Cak;Esþgkñgú karbdibtþi eRcInCagEbbRTws.Iþ ehtuEdl)aneroberogniBn§BTu b§ ,vtþi tamlMdab;RBHvsSa EdlRBH brmRKU)anecjsagpñsÜ EsVgrkemakçFm’ Rtas;dgw pSayBuTs§ asna II

sMEdgFm’eR)asstV KWedIm,ITku CalMGanbdibtþi tamlMnaMdeM NIr Edl RBHGgÁ)anRtYsRtayTuk. ´sUm]TÞsi mhakuslplbuNü EdlekIteLIgBIFmµsm,tþienHCUn cMeBaHdYgviBaØaNkçne§ lak»Buk yin Ej: Ejm: Gñkmþay G‘tu Fag Edl )aneFVImrNkaleTAkan;brelaknay sUmRBHmhakruNaTiKN u TaMgeTV )andl;nvU RBHbrmsux kuMbGI ak;xaneLIy . sUmEføgGMNrKuNy:ag RCaleRCA cMeBaHRBHefranuefr³ RBmTaMgBuTb§ risT½ Edl)anrYmviPaKTan fvika kñgú kare)aHBum<esovePAFm’enH sUmTTYlnUvplanisgS EdlekIt BIFmµTanenH tamkmøagM sT§aerog²xønÜ . sUmGrRBHKuN- GrKuN¡ sVayerog/éf¶4erac ExeCsæ qñaqM vøÚ Éks½k B>s 2553 RtUvnwgéf¶TI 11 Exmifnu a K>s 2009

Gñkeroberog

Fmµacarü yin KwmvaN

III

CMBUkTI1 BuTb§ ,vtþi

CatiPmU i nigvgSRtkUlrbs;RBHsiTt§ ß 3 RBHsmµasm<Tú § RBHbrmnamedImehAfa RBHsiTt§ ß ekItenARbeTs \NÐa kalenaHehAfa Cm<TÚ IVb b¤ PartvsS³ . maneQµaHfa Cm<TÚ VIb eRBaHCaekaHmYyy:agFM sßitenAcenøaHTenøsn§ú {Gg;eKøsehAfa Tenø\NÐsÚ } nigTenøKgÁa manedImRBIgmYyy:agFM duHelITbVI enH cMeNrt mk BYkGg;eKøsehAfa \NÐavij . Baküfa PartvsS³ eRBaHedImeLIy RbeTsenHCaTwkdIrbs;Cn Catimilkç³eT CnCatiGriyk³rs;enAxageCIgPñMhimBanþ )anqøgmklukluyykTwkdIenH k¾begáItsnþtivgSmhakSRtPart³eLIg eTIb BYkGriyk³[eQµaHRbeTsenHfa PartvsS³ mann½yfa lMenA rbs;Part³¬Garü½n¦ enaH . mkdl;sm½yBuTk§ al RbeTs\NÐaman BIrEpñkFM KW ³ - Eb:kxageCIgehAfa Garüavt’ EdlCaEdndICm<TÚ IVb ehAfahiNÐÚ sþg; (INDUSTAN) . i abf CaEdndITnM abmanCnCatimilkç³ - Eb:kxagt,ÚgehAfa TkçN rs;enA )araMgehAfa EdndIEdkkg; (DEKAN) . nasm½yBuTk§ alenaH CmÚ<TVIbCaRbeTsrugerOgbMput eTaHbIrdæn-I mYy²manGMNacsVy½ t minTan;manÉkPaBCati CaRbeTsmYyk¾eday. enAkñgú EdndICm<TÚ IbV rdæF²M man16rdæ¬su>Ggþútki TM>278¦ RBmTaMgman rdætcU ²cMnnY 5 eTot KW ³ ská³ ekaliy³ PKÁ³ vieTh³ nigGgÁtú rþ ab³ . rdæTaMg 5 enH cMNuHrdæÉeTot rdæxøHmanRBHmhakSRtesayraCü rdæ xøH RKan;EtCaeQµaHrbs;RtkUlFM² CaGñkRKb;RKgb:ueNÑaH . 1

ÉrdæEdlmanGanuPaBxøagM CageKnasm½yenaH KW ³ - mKFrdæ manRBH)aTBim<si ar nigGCatsRtUvesayraCü . - ekaslrdæ manRBH)aTbesnTi b¤ehAfa RBH)aTbesnTiekasl esayraCünasm½yenaH . rdæTaMg 21 manrebobRKb;RKgEbbraCaFibetyüxøH CaÉkaFibetyü ¬GMNacÉkaFibtI RESIDENT SUPERIEUR manm®nþsI k½ iþFM CaGñk GaNaBüa)alkñúgRbeTs¦ rdævC¢ImankarRKb;RKg CasPaniym eFVkI aredayminmankSRtNaCaFM BYkkSRt licvä I cUlrYmRbCMu eFVkI arBiPakSa kúgñ karRKb;RKgrdæ . Catisasn_\NÐaenH kalenaHmanTidmæi anH Rbkan;RtkUlxøagM Nas; EbgEcksgÁmCavNÑ³ . vNÑRBahµN_ nigvNÑkSRt cat;Tku CavNÑ³x<g; x<s; ÉvNÑsURT³ nigvNÑevsS³CavNÑ³efakTab . edayELk saküvgS EdlCavgSrbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú § k¾CaCnCatiRbkan;sasn_xaø gM Nas;Edr eKerobpSMpÁúMEtnwgvgSRtkUlCamYyKña sUm,IvgSRtkUldéTk¾ min[manCab;QamC½rEdr. RBHsiTt§ mß anCatiPUmei nAskárdæ¬skáCnbT¦ manRkugkbilBsþCú a raCFanI . RBHGgÁmanCatikeM NItenAkñgú saküvgSenH EpñkeKatmeKatþ edaymanRBH)aT»káakraCCabzmkSRt Edl)anpþl;RBHraCTayaT dl;Tkw dIenH . RtkUlsaküvgS mandMeNIrTak;Tgdl;éRBská³¬éRBém:sak;¦ Ca éRBenAxagt,ÚgéRBhimBanþfa ³ edaysareXIjmehsIfµI manRBHraC buRta CaTIsBVRBHraChb£Ty½ RBH)aT»káakraCk¾Paø t;mat;RbTanBrfa ³ {nagGacsMuBrGVImYyBIRBHGgÁ)antamR)afña} RBHraCmehsIk¾sMuraCü sm,tþfi aV yRBHraCbuRt RBHnamCnþú . 2

RBH)aT »káakraC CaesþcRbkan;Baküsc©³Nas; edayminGaceKcEk Baküsnüa)an RTg;kR¾ tas;R)ab;raCbuRt9GgÁ rbs;GKÁmehsI RBHnam Ptþa Edl)anesayTIvgÁteTAehIy nUvdMeNIrerOgsBVRKb;[raCbuRt sþ a b; . RBHraCbuR taTaM g4GgÁ k¾m in CM T as;n wg eyabl; r bs; RBHbita ehIyRTg;seRmc[raCbuRt4RBHGgÁ nigbuRtI5RBHGgÁ cak ecjBIRBHnKr EhhmedaycturgÁesna eTAksagnKrfµkI gúñ éRB ská³ Ek,reCIgPñhM imBanþ eTIbrdæenHmaneQµaHfa skárdæ . ÉBaküfa kbilBsþú mandMeNIrTak;Tgdl;tabsmYyGgÁ ecjsag pñsÜ taMgGaRsmenAkñgú éRBská³enaH mannamfa kbiltabs . kal)anRCabfa mankSRta kSRtITaMg9GgÁ yagrkkEnøgksagRBHnKr k¾)anfVayTIGaRsmbT edayyl;fa TIenHRbkbedayC½yPUmil¥ RbesIr eRBaHKat;EtgsegáteXIjfa eBlstVFMedjcab;stVtcU ²rt; mkdl;TeI nH stVFeM naHrEmgGs;GN M ac ehIyEfmTaMgRtUvstVtcU h‘an tbtedjbkRtLb;vij. RTg;RBHsNþab;ehIy esþck¾cat;EcgerobcM ksagRkugRtg;tbM n;enH eTIbdak;eQµaHfa kbilBsþbú rU I Edlmann½y fa TIRkugCaRTBürbs;kbiltabsenaH . sBVéf¶Tkw dIénTIRkugenH sßti enA kñgú tMbn;kGU LI ak; RbeTsen):al; . kalebIksagRBHraCdMNak;rcY ehIy kSRta4RBHGgÁ k¾erobGPieskCamYykSRtI4RBHGgÁtamlMdab; edayTukkSRtIeromc,g RBHnam biyaCaRBHmata begáIt)ansnþtvi gS skávgS b¤saküvgS EdlCaeQµaH RBHnKrterogmk . RBHnagbiya eRkaymkmanCm¶XW gø ; RBHGnuC)aneFVGI aRsm[ sñak;enAq¶ayBITRI kug . eBlenaHmanRBHraCamYyRBHGgÁ esayraCü enATIRkugBaraNsIekIteraKXøg;Edr k¾epÞrraCsm,tþ[i raCbuRt rYck¾ 3

yageTAenAkñgú éRBenaHEdr . esþcesayEpøeQI k¾b:HcMEpøeQICafñaM RTg;)anCasHes,Iy manRBHkays¥atdUcedImvij . esþck¾)anCYbRBH nagbiya kalRTg;RCabfa RBHnagmanCatikSRtIyanI RBHGgÁkC¾ yY Büa)aleraK rhUt)anCasHes,Iy RTg;kr¾ Ymrs;CasVamIPriya rYc yagrkTIsagRBHnKrenARtg;éRBekal³ b¤ekaliy³ eTIbRTg;snµt[ eQµaHfa ekaliynKr maneTvTh³CaraCFanI . bzmsaküvgS esayraCürhUtmkdl;rC¢kalRBH)aTCyesn KWman RBHraCaesayraCüRbmaN 161>000GgÁ . RBH)aTCyesnman RBHraC»rs RBHnamsIhhnu nigRBHraCFIta RBHnamyesaFra. É enAxagekaliyrdæ eTvThraCFanI KWmanRBH)aTGBa¢n³ esayraCü . RTg;manb¥nÚ RsImañ k; RBHnamkBa©na. luHRBH)aTC½yesnesayTIvgÁt eTA RBH)aTsIhhnueLIgsñgraCü )anerobGPieskCamYyRBHnagkBa©na manRBHraCbuRta5RBHGgÁKW RBHsueT§aTn³1 RBHsuekáaTn³1 RBHGmi etaTn³1 RBHeFaetaTn³1 nigRBHxNietaTn³1 manRBHraCbuRtI2RBH GgÁ KWRBHnagGmita1 nigRBHnagbmita1 . RBH)aTGBa¢n³ xageTvTh bur³ )anerobGPieskCamYyRBHnagyesaFra manRBHraC»rsBIrRBH GgÁKW sub,BuT§1 TNÐ)aNi1 nigmanbuRtIBrI RBHGgÁeTotKW RBHnag mhamaya1 RBHnageKatmI1 . RBH)aTsIhhnu esayTIvgÁteTA RBH)aTsueT§aTn³ )aneLIgsñgraCü )anerobGPieskCamYyRBHnag mhamaya manbuRtmYyRBHGgÁ RTg;RBHnamfa siTt§ ³ß . RBH)aTsub,BuT§eLIgsñgraCütBIRBH)aTGBa¢n³ )anerobGPiesk CamYyRBHnagGmita manbuRtImyY RBHGgÁRBHnamBim<ayesaFra eRkay mk)anCaRBHmehsIrbs;RBHsiTt§ ß . 3

GMBI GtItCatirbs;RBHsiT§tß karsikSaGMBRI bvtþi GtItCatirbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú § GaceFV[I Gñk GanmankaregOgq¶l;eRcIn eRBaHCaerOgminGacnwgyl;)an eTaHbIelIk ykviCa¢ rlwkeXIjCatikMeNItxagedIm ¬bueBVnvi asanusStivCi a¢ ¦ mkbk Rsayk¾CakarlM)akBn;eBkNas; eRBaHCaviCa¢ ekIteLIgBIkareFVsI maFi kmµdaæ n Qansmabtþi rbs;GriybuKlÁ Gs;eTAnUvkiels CasmuecäT ehIytaMgsti[ekIt)anCasmaFicti þ RBmedaykarGFidaæ n rYceRbI bBaØackçdú b¾ risTu p§ rU pg;mtu føa rYmCamYystiectsit edIm,IrlwkeXIj GMBCI atikeM NItkñgú GtItkal . edIm,IrYmviPaKTan bnßycm¶l;)anxøH²fa ehtuGkVI gñú Km<IrRBHéRtbidk GacsEmþgGMBbI Bu CV atirbs;RBHsmµasm<úT)§ an Rtg;bBaðaenH ´sUmelIk ykBaküRtas;dgw tamkarecHdwgpÞal;xøÜn mkeFVIbkRsaydUcxag eRkam ³ BaküRtas;dgw Exµrcat;TukCaviC¢manbBaØtiþ sMKal;GBM kI arrkeXIj c,ab;Bti b¤Fm’Bti ehAfa brmtßFm’ edaybBaØajaNrbs;RBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú § . karrkeXIj)atuPtU b¤c,ab;GVImyY enAkñgú FmµCatiTeU TA b¤vtßúFatuNamYyrbs;Gkñ R)aCJ k¾manPaBBitdUcKñaEdr Etmanrebob BiesaFn_xsu Kña enARtg;karBiesaFn_énkarrkeXIjrbs;Gkñ R)aCJ RtUv eRbI]bkrN_bec©keTs viTüasa®sþ ÉkarBiesaFn_rkeXIjrbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú § EdlCaGriybuKlÁ Rtas;dgw RtUveRbIsT§aFik vIriyFik bBaØaFik 5

tamEbbsmf nigvibsSnaPavna edIm,IBci arNaedjrkehtubc©y½ én)atuPtU rbs;CvI elak [)aneXIjc,as; yl;c,as; tamedaynUvTVar rbs; Gaytn³TaMg6 EdlCaTIekItciteþ naH . citeþ nHehIy EdlCaTIekItbBaØa GaRs½ykarBicarNa kiryi a BicarNark[eXIjehtukarN+_ RBmTaMgbc©y½ EdlCaGgÁénkar ]btßmTÖ nM ku bMrgu [)atuPUtmYyekIteLIg k¾Kg;ngw eXIjplrbs;ehtu bc©y½ karN_enaHBMxu an. kareXIjrebobenH ehAfakareXIjeday bBaØa EdlekIteLIgedaybc©evkçNBaØaNenaH . edIm,I[bBaØaEdlekItman enAkñgú snþanrbs;GriybuKlÁ man sPaBcas;faø cak;qHøú nUvFm’ b¤ehtubc©y½ EdlkMBgu BicarNaravrk elakrEmgBüayamlHkiels ]bkáei ls Gkuslectsik EdlCa bJsKl;énGviC¢a [Gs;RsLHsUnüsug BIkñúgsnþanrbs;elakCa munsin . eBlenaH bBaØaectsik EdlGriybuKÁlman ehAfa bBaØavimtu þi ÉcitEþ dllHbg;Gs;eTAnUvnIvrNFm’ ehAfa ecetavimtu þi . kareRbIecetavimtu þi nigbBaØavimtu þti amsmfviFI nigvibsSnaviFI edIm,Icak;[qúøH emIl[eXIjGMBIsPaBBit énCIvitrbs;mnusSstV EbbenH eTIbehAfa Rtas;dgw rbs;RBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú § . ÉGñkR)aCJ minRbkbedayecetavimtu þieLIy eTIbbBaØavimtu þi k¾mni manEdr . edaysarmanbBaØaEbbenH eTIbRBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú § Gaccak;qHøú rkeXIjnUvbdic©smub,aT Griysc©Fm’ sMerc)annUvviCa¢ 8Rbkar kñgú enaH manbueBVnvi asanusStijaN EdleFVI[RBHsmNeKatmGacrlwk eXIjnUvCatikMeNItCaeRcInGenkCati)an . 6

dUcenAsm½yBuTk§ alRBHTIbgár RBHGgÁ)andwgeday bueBVnvi asanu sStijaNfa RTg;)anesayRBHCatiCasuemFtabs )ansMercQan nigGPiBaØa RBHGgÁ)andwgeTotfa eBlenaHRBHBuTT§ bI gár)anBüakrfa suemFtabsenH nwg)anRtas;CaRBHGhnþsmµasm<Tú § naGnaKt kal>>>>>>>>>>>. luHmkdl;sm½ykalRBHBuTk§ sSb³ RTg;)anrlwkdwgRBHCatifa RBHGgÁCaeCati)almaNB bYsCaRBHPikkçú gñú RBHBuTs§ asna ehIy)an rlwkfa RBHsmµasm<Tú k§ sSb³)anBüakrfaRBHPikeçú nHBüayambMeBj )armI rYcnwgesayRBHCatiCaRBHevsSnþrmharaC bnÞab;mknwg)an Rtas;CaRBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú § naGnaKtkal . eBlesayRBHCatiCaRBHevsSnþrmharaC RBHsmNeKatm )an rlwkeXIjfa RBHGgÁenAEtbnþbeM Bj)armI30 edayrkSax¢ab;nvU BuTP§ Umi TaMg3 )anecjsagpñsÜ Ca\sIenAPñKM ri vI gát Ek,rRsHmuClinÞ RTg; manePTCaGñkbYsd¾RbesIr manTMBk; nigEvksMrab;bCU a nigRBHCda ¬PñgÜ sk;tabs¦ esøókEs,kxøa pÞeúM lIEpndI nmsSkarePøgI ¬su>xu>Cat>TM 146¦ . luHesayTIvgÁteTA RBHGgÁdgw fa RTg;)aneyanykkMeNItCaeTv buRtenAsßantusti eQµaHsnþsú ti eTvbuRt manRBHCnµbnY Ban;qañ TM Bi V RtUv Ca57ekadi60EsnqñamM nusS . karRtiHriHBicarNaRbkbedaybBaØavimtu þi EdlekIteLIgBI ecetavimtu þi GacnwgrkeXIjehtubc©½y nigplBitrbs;)atuPUténCIvelak)an ehtubc©y½ Bit RBmTaMgplBitenaHehAfa Fm’ ÉsPaBBitrbs;Fm’ b¤ FatuBitrbs;rUbFm’ nignamFm’ EdlRBHGrhnþsmµasm<úT§)anrkeXIjenaH ehAfa brmtßFm’ eTIbbBaØteþ LIg[eQµaHfa buKlÁ Rtas;dgw . 7

ÉGñkR)aCJ ebIsni CaRbkbedaybBaØa sT§a nigviryi ³ GacrkeXIj RTwsþI b¤c,ab; CYnkalRTwsþI b¤c,ab;enaH minTan;GacykeTAeRbIkar)an eLIy RtUvrg;caMGkñ bec©keTsviTüasa®sþ ykeTAsikSaBiesaFbEnßm eTot ebIeXIjfaRtwmRtUv eTIbmnusSCatieKTTYlsÁal;fa CaGñkR)aCJa. Écitþrbs;GñkR)aCJ k¾minTan;lHkielsFm’)an brisuT§Gs;Ca smuecäT)anCaecetavimtu eþi nAeLIy BIeRBaHBM)u anGnuvtþnvU viFI eFV[I citdþ l;nvU fñak;ecetavimtu eþi nH Etkielskam k¾mansPaBRsalesþgI xøH Edr edaysarEtsmµaTidæi smµasgáb, smµakmµnþ smµavayam smµasti smµasmaFirbs;Gkñ R)aCJ k¾)anepþateq<aHEteTAelIGarmµN_ mYy kargarmYy EdlxøÜnkMBgu eFVkI arsikSaRsavRCavenaH b:Eu nþcti eþ nH k¾mni EmnCasmµasmaFi®nÞiyEdr . ehtuenHehIy eTIbkarrkeXIj rbs;Gkñ R)aCJ buBbV ru sExµr mineXIjmaneRbIBakübBaØtþi [eQµaHehA faRtas;dgw eLIy . 3

snþúsiteTvbuRtRTgyagcab;bdisn§i ykkMeNItCaRBHsiT§tß kalRtUvGs;RBHCnµenAzantusti BYkeTvtaTaMgmYymWnu elakFatu k¾clU GaraFna sM[u snþústi eTvbuRtesþcyagcüútcab;bdisn§ki ñgú épÞmata edIm,IRtas;dgw nUvRBHniBaV n cmøgstVelak RBmTaMgeTvta [rYccak vdþsgSar.kalRTg;sNþab;ehIy snþsú ti eTvbuRtRTg;eFVnI vU mhavielakn³ TaMg5Rbkar¬RbemIlemIl[Cak;c,as;¦ KW³ kal1 RbeTs1 TVbI 1 RtkUl1 mata1 . kalRTg;RbemIl emIlsBVRKb;ehIy RBHbrmeBaFistV k¾ebþCaJ CamYyBYkeTvbuRt tamBaküGaraFna rYcRTg;cüútcaksßantusti cab;bdisn§ki gñú épÞRBHnag sirmI hamya naéf¶RBhs,t× eBjbUNm’ I ExGasaZ qñaMrka Rbkbedaymhnþcrä iy³epSg²ekIteLIgnaeBlenaH. manesckþdI N M alfa 7éf¶mnu RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;cab;bdisn§i mhaCnkñgú RkugkbilBsþú )ancat;EcgmehaRsB RBHnagsirmI hamaya )antak;EtgRBHkay yagecjRksalkñgú BiFImehaRsBenaHGs;7éf¶ Edr . dl;evlaRBwkéf¶eBjbUNm’ I RBHnag)anbric©aKRTBücMnnY 4Esn khabN³eFVTI an rYcehIyRTg;smaTan]e)asfsIl tamEbbRBhµBaØ CaRBHraCb,evNI . enAraRtIéf¶eBjbUN’mIeTobPøW RBHnagsirmI hamaya RTg;sbu in nimti eþ XIjcatumhµ araCTaMg4 )anmkelIkRBHnag TaMgRBHsirsI yna naMeTAkan;éRBhimBanþ taMgTukenAelImenasilad¾FM eRkamedImraMgFMmyY lMdab;enaH eTBFItaCabrivarrbs;mharaCTaMg4 )anelIkRBHnag[Rsg; TwkenAGenatþRsH ¬eQµaHRsHFMmYykñúgmhaRsHTaMg7 enAPñMhimBanþ¦ 9

dusCMrHRBHkayfVay rYclabKn§vei lbn³CaTiBfV aV yRBHnag . enACit GenatþRsHenaH manPñRM )ak; enAelIPRñM )ak;enaH manvimanmasmYy BYk eTvta)anGeBa¢I jyagRBHnag [eTApÞúM k ñú gvi manmasenaH edayykRBHsirnaTisxagekIt . enACitPñRM )ak; manPñMmasmYy eXIjmandMrsI mYy kMBgu Rtac;crenAelIPñMmasenaH rYccuHcakmkeLIg elIPñRM )ak; EdlCakEnøgvimanRBHnagpÞeúM nA . dMrIsenaHmanRbemay kan;estbuTmu Cati¬páaQUkBN’s¦ bnøeW kaBa©naT¬sUrsBÞ¦KYr[sJb;EsJg rYcedIrcUlkñúgviman RbTkSiNRBHnagbICMu ehIyhak;dUcCacUleTAkñúg ]TrRBHnagxagsþaM RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;cab;bdisn§ina»kasenaH. RBahµN_Caehara64nak; )anTayRBHsubni nimti þfa RBHnageTvI nwgmanRBHraCbuRta . kalebIRBHraCbuRtenACaXravas nwg)anCa esþccRkFmµikFmµraC ebIyagecjsagpñÜs nwg)anRtas;dwgCaRBH Grhnþsmµasm<Tú k§ gñú elak . 3

RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;RbsUt kalRBHnagsirmI hamaya manK’PKRmb;db;Ex RBHnagmanR)afña nwgyageTAsRmalRBHraCbuRtenARkugeTvTh³ tamraCb,evNI yagmk dl;éRBlm<inI Edlmancm¶ayRbmaN12K>m> BITRI kugkbilBsþú CaRBM RbTl;énnKrTaMgBIr RBHnagmanR)afñacUlRksalkñúg]Tüan QreRkam edImsalRBwkSmYy RTg;RbQYnRBH]Tr k¾elIkRBHhsþmaç getagEmk salRBwkS xül;kmµCv¢ atkMerIkeLIgkñgú ]Tr CnCabrivardwgehtu k¾yk 10

sn§yi a¬sMBt;vaMgnn¦biT)aMg ehIyecjmkeRkA RBHeBaFistVkR¾ bsUt cak]TrRBHmata kñgú qñacM ExBisax éf¶sRu k eBjbUNm’ I evlaéf¶Rtg;. eBlRbsUt suTa§ vasmhaRBhµTaMg4 ykbNþajmas mkTTYlRBH eBaFistV catumµharaCTaMg4 TTYlykRBHraCkumarBImhaRBhµ ÉBYk RsIskñM ¾TTYlykbnþ . RBHraCkumaryagcuHBIédRsIsñM eTAedayRBH)aT )an7CMhan elIkRBHhsþeLIg rYcbnøvW acafa ³ }xønÜ eyIgCakMBlU én elak CabuKlÁ RbesIrkñgú elak CatienHCaCaticgu eRkayrbs;eyIg{. eBlRBHbrmeBaFistVRbsUtmkenaH manmnusS stV nigrbs;rYm7 Rbkar)anekIteLIgenAéf¶CamYyKñaenaH KWRBHnagBim<a1 RBHGannÞ buRtrbs;RBH)aTsuekáaTn³1 nayqnÞGamaRt1 kaLúTayIGamaRt1 esHkN§k³1 edImeBaFiRBwkS1 kMNb;RTBüTaMgbYn1 . eBlRBHbrmeBaFistVRbsUt nigeBlcuHcab;bdisn§i manehtuGs©arü 32Rbkar ekIteLIgdUcKña . 3

TMnay mhaburislkçN³rbs;RBHbrmeBaFistV eBlTTYldMNgw fa RBHbrmeBaFistVRbsUtehIy kaLeTviltabs RtUvCaCItnu ¬jati¦rbs;RBH)aTsueT§aTn³ Kat;CaGñk)anseRmcQan smabtþi )anmkdl;RBHraCtMNak; edaycg;eXIjRBHmhaburs eBl RBHraCaRtas;bgÁab;[raCburs naMykRBHraCbuRt mkfVaybgÁtM abs EbrCaRBHbrmeBaFistV Rbtisæan)aTaTaMgBIr eTAelICda¬pñÜgsk;¦ rbs;tabseTAvij . eXIjehtuGs©arü kaLeTvil k¾cHu cakGasn³ 11

eFVGI Ba¢lI rYcRTRBH)aTaRBHbrmeBaFistV ehIyTayfa RBHraCkumar nwg)anRtas;Ca RBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú § Caminxan . eBlkaLeTvilRtLb;mkvij k¾)anR)ab;kµyÜ eQµaH naLkmaNB fa cUrkµyÜ eTAbYs edIm,Irg;caMRBHsiTt§ kß mu ar)anRtas; edaydwgfa xÜnø cas;ehIy minGacenArs;Tan;RBHbrmeBaFistV)anRtas;eLIy . tabskaLeTvilenHsøab;eTA k¾)aneTA]b,tþki ekItenAzanRBhµ\trUb ¬GrUbPB¦ . RBHraCbuRtRbsUt)an 5 éf¶ RBHbita)anGeBa¢IjRBahµN_ 108nak; edayeRCIserIsykEt8nak; EdlmancMeNHdwgxagéRtevTsÞat;CnM aj CageK [TayGMBIRBHmhaburislkçN³rbs;raCbuRt . RBahµN_ 7nak; eRkayBI)anBinti ünUvlkçN³sm,tþirbs;RBHraCbuRt sBVRKb; ehIy elIkRmamédBIr ehIyTayCacMENkBIrfa RBHraCkumarRbkb edaynUvmhabursi lkçN³32Rbkary:agenH ebIenARKb;RKgeKhdæan CaRKhsß nwg)anesayraCü CaesþccRkBtþi eRBaHRTg;RKb;RKgRbCara®sþRbkbedayFm’ RTg;CaFmµki FmµraCa EtebIRTg;yagecjsagpñsÜ nwg)anRtas;dgw CaRBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú §kgñú elak . cMENkÉekaNÐj RBahµN_ EdlekµgCageK eXIjmhabursi lkçN³ehIy elIkRmamédEt mYyehIyTayfa RBHraCkumarminenARKb;RKgpÞHeT RTg;Bti Canwgyag ecjbYs nwg)anRtas;y:agBitR)akd . RBahµN_TaMg8nak; k¾seM rcfVay RBHnamdl;RBHraCkumarfa RBHsiTt§ ß mann½yfa GñkjaMgu RbeyaCn_dl; stVelak[seRmc)an . RBHraCbuRtRbsUt)an7éf¶ RBHmatak¾esayRBHvilal½yGs;RBH CnµayueTA eTIb]b,tþki ekItenAzantusti . RBH)aTsueT§aTn³elIkRBH 12

nagbCabtieKatmI RtUvCab¥nÚ RsIrbs;RBHnagmhamaya EdlCaGKÁ mehsI [EfrkSabMe)ARBHraCkumar nigCamehsIrbs;RBHGgÁ . RBHnagbCabtieKatmImanbuRtaKW nnÞkmu ar1 nigbuRtIKW rUbnnÞa1 . kñgú kaléf¶myY CaxageRkay RBHraCaRTg;ecjeTAkan;TRI ct;RBH ngÁ½l RBHGgÁ[naMykRBHraCkumareTACamYypg brivarerobcMTI syna¬TIedk¦enAeRkamedImCm<ÚRBwkSfVayRBHraC»rs . edayeXIj RBHbrmeBaFistVpÞúMlk; eqøót»kasenaHBYkemnMkb¾ bYlKñaeTAemIlesþc Rct;RBHngÁ½l ÉRBHraCkumareXIjKµanmnusS RTg;RBHEPñnkMNt;yk Gana)aNsStiCaGarmµN_ jaMgu bzmCÄan[seRmceLIg . RBHbrmeBaFistV cMerInv½yvDÆnakar)an7vsSa RBHbitasYrGamatü fa etIkmu arGayu7qñaM mancMNg;cti eþ lIG?VI BYkGamatüeqøyI fa cUlcitþ elgTwk. eTIbRBHbitak¾cat;EcgCIkRsHe)akçrNIfaV yRBHraCkumar . 3

RBHraCaPiesk cab;taMgBIeBlEdlRBHbitaCIkRsHmk RBHmhabursEtgyageTA RksalelgCalMdab; rhUtdl;RBHCnµ)an16vsSa CamYyenaH RBH)aTsueT§aTn³ k¾cat;Ecg[CagsagRBHraCtMNak;bIRbePT fVayraCbuRtEdr smKYrdl;rdUvTaMgbI RBmTaMgmanRsIr)aMCaeRcInenA Kal;beM rI edaynUvdUrüt®nþRI bKMeu RcograMCaRbRktI . kñgú kalenACayuvv½yenH eTaHbIRBHraCbitaminGnuBaØat[RBHraC buRtyagecjeRkARBHtMNak;epþspþask¾Bti Emn EtRBHGgÁ)ancat;taMg 13

[raCbuRt)aneronsURtnUvKm<IrevT¬mnvFmµsa®sþ¦ Km<IrGtßsa®sþ sil,sa®sþTaMg19y:ag¬1¦ kñgú sMNak;RBHraCRKU BisaV miRtenAkñgú RBHraC tMNak; mancMeNHTaMgpøvÚ GaNacRk TaMgxagpøvÚ ésycRk . eTIbRBH bitaRtas;bgÁab;[RBHjatiCasaküvgS naMykRBHraCFIta mk[ RBHbrmeBaFistVTt EtBYkjatisTu E§ tRbEkkminyl;RBm edaysMGag fa RBHsiTt§ ß minecHsil,sa®sþ k,ÜnyuTs§ a®sþGVeI LIy . RBHraCak¾ yageTAkan;RBHraCtMNak;rbs;raCbuRt R)ab;tamdMeNIrerOg . RBH mhaburs k¾TUlsUmRBHraCbitacat;EcgRbCMRu BHjativgS RBHbrm eBaFistVyagecjsEmþgb£T§i edayelIkFñÚmankmøaMgmYyBan; ¬shsSfamFnU¦ )aj;eTAsUrs½BÞlan;BG¤ s©arü eTIbsküraCTaMgLay xøbxøacRBHecsþa RBmbBa¢nÚ RBHraCFIta mkfVayRBHmhabursTt . RBHvrraCbitaRTg;erobcM[eLIgesayraCüsm,tþi naéf¶esAr_ eBjbUN’mI ExGasaF qñaMqøÚv kñúgRBHCnµ16vsSa RBmCamYy nUvBiFGI PieskCamYyRBHnag Bim<ayesaFra RBHraCFItarbs;RBH)aT sub,BuT§ enAxagnKr eTvTh³ CaRBHraCmehsI . 3

1> sUti

¬1¦ sil,sa®sþ19y:agKW ³

³ esckþIdgw c,as;nUvsemøgstVTaMgLayERskCaedImfa semøg y:agenHl¥ y:agenHminl¥ . 2> smuti ³ dwgc,as;nvU kMeNItPñM nigedImeQICaedIm . 3> sMxüa ³ dwgnUvKm<Irelx . 4> eyaeKa ³ dwgnUvkarEdlCagRtUvRbkb . 14

5> nIti ³ dwgnUvsil,sa®sþk,Ünc,ab;RKb;RKgkarBarrbs;esþc . 6> viesska ³ dwgKm<Ir nigesckþcI Bi a©mw Cn[manesrImgÁl . 7> KNika ³ dwgrab;kSRtb¤kS nigdwgtRmapáay . 8> Kn§BaV ³ dwgsÁal;rebobePøg . 9> tkicaä ³ dwgKm<IreBTü . 10> FnuePT ³ dwgsil,sa®sþ)aj;FñÚ . 11> buraNa ³ dwgc,as;faTIenHRsukcas; tMbn;cas; . 12> \tihasa ³ dwgfa sI)u ayEbrmuxeTATisenaHCamgÁl . 13> eCatisa ³ dwgnUvKm<IrBüakrN_fa mnusSekItqñaM ExenHl¥ b¤GaRkk; . 14> maya ³ dwgfa vtßeú nHCaEkvmNI y:agenHminEmnCaEkvmNI . 15> ehtu ³ dwgnUvehtuEdlepþmI eLIg nigplcMerIneLIgBIehtuenH . 16> vnþdú aæ ³ dwgc,as;nvU TI EdlnwgciBa©mw eKa RkbI . 17> yuTs§ a ³ dwgc,as;nvU Km<IrBiC½ys®gÁam . 18> )asNæa ³ dwgnUvKm<Irelakevahar . 19> FnÞsa ³ dwgc,as;Km<IrEbbbTénBakükaBüeXøagepSg² . 3

RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;sagRBHpñÜs edayehtuBYkRBahµN_suT§Et)anBüakrfa RBHbrmeBaFistV muxCanwgesþcyagecjbYs eTIbRBHbitaRBmTaMgjativgS )anbMb:nvtßú Cakamsux fVayRBHGgÁy:ageBareBjhUrehor edIm,I[RBHbrmeBaFii stVRsvwgvegVgkñúgkamsuxsm,tþienH CaBiessCagenH sPaBCa mnusScas; mnusSmanCm¶BW üaFiebotebon mnusSsøab; GñkbYs RBHraCa EtgmanviFankarbiT)aMg min[RBHraCbuRteXIj. eTIbRTg;)anerob pSM[RBHmhabursmanmehsI taMgBIRBHCnµ16vsSa rhUtman buRtmYyGgÁKW rahulkumar k¾kgñú viFankarenHEdr . 15

sm½yéf¶myY RBHmhaburssBVRBHraChb£Ty½ yagecjeRkA RBHraCtMNak; eTARksalkñgú sYn]Tüan lMdab;enaH suTa§ vaseTvta k¾ mknimµitCamnusScas;Cra edIrBImuxraCrf . knøg4ExeRkaymk RBHGgÁ k¾yagecjRksalelgkñúgsYn]TüaneTot eXIjmnusSQW manBüaFiebotebonbMrHnenol CaKMrb;bdI g )anCYbnwgmnusSsøab; RTg; yagCaKRmb;bnY dg k¾eXIjGñkbYs . eBleXIjnimtµi rbs;eTvTUtmYyelIk² RBHmhabursEtgCCIk sYrnaysarfI² k¾erobrab;faV ytamdMeNIrBit . lMdab;mkRBHsiTt§ kß ¾ cab;Bci arNacMeBaHkamsuxsm,tþi EdlRBHGgÁFaø b;esay Føab;rYmrs; knøgmk KWrEmgRcbUkRcbl;edayTukCç aFmµta CaehtujaMgu RBHT½y rbs;RBHGgÁ [cab;enOyNaykñúgkamsuxsm,tþienH cugeRkay RTg;sBVRBHraChb£Ty½ cMeBaHbBVCti ePT. lMdab;BRI Tg;RBHbrivti kámk esþck¾yageTAcuHRsg;Tkw kñgú RsH e)akçrNI rYcyageLIgKg;elIpaÞ gM silamYy xN³enaHRTg;)anTTYl dMNgw BIraCbursfa RBHnagBim<aRbsUt)anRBHraCbuRtaKW rahulkumar enaH . RCabehIy esþcyageTAelIR)asaTrbs;RBHnagBim<a rYceTIb yagcUlkan;TsI ynaRkLaRBHbnÞúM púlMÞ k;sbá ;sál;Gs;bzmyam . nagnadkarIRsIr)aMk¾edklk;Gs;eTA naM[eXIjnUvGakar³epSg² ¬vib,kar¦ mankaredkGaRkatkayCaedIm . luHcUldl;mCÄuimyam RTg;etIneLIg eXIjvib,karrbs;RsIr)aMy:agenH kMBgu edkrNUkrENl RTg;kan;EtmanesckþsI egVK eXIjTIR)asaThak;bdI cU eBareBjeday saksBeTAvij . eBlBicarNaeXIjsBVRKb; k¾lan;RBH»sæfa »¡ 16

kamsuxsm,tþRi bkbedayTukç Carbs;\txømw sareTetI ¡ Érahulkumar CacMNgd¾FM k¾RbsUtehIyeTot . edaynUvGMNac]bnisS½y Edl)anksagsnMSGb;rTM ku mkCaeRcIn GsegçyüehIy RBHbrmeBaFistV k¾seRmcRBHT½yCacugeRkay ecj sagRBHpñsÜ . RBHGgÁky¾ ageTAdas;qnñGamatü [naMykesHkNæk³ mkfVayRBHGgÁ esþcyagcUleTAkñgú bnÞb;RkLabnúMÞrbs;RBHmehsI R)afñanwgelIkRBHraCbuRtbIRtkgCacugeRkay EtRTg;eXIjRBHnag Bim<apÞlúM k; ykRBHhsþdak;elIRBHraCbuRt edayxøacERkgRBHnagPJak; etIneLIg esþck¾yagmkeRkAvij eTIbRTg;RBHcinaþ fa {RKaeRkay swm mkeXIjmuxkUn} . esþcyagcakBIRBHraCnievsn_ naéf¶RBhs,t× eBjbUNm’ I ExGasaZ qñaMefaH kñgú RBHCnµ29vsSaevlaGRFaRt Kg;elIesHkNæk³ ÉqnÞGamatü etagknÞyú dl;xageRkARkug k¾EbrTtemIlRBHnKrvij TIenaHeQµaH GnivtþnectIy_ . eBlenaHkielsmar k¾ekIteLIgkñgú snþanraraMgcitþ rbs;RBHGgÁ min[yagecjbYsfa raCsm,tþci RkBtþ7i éf¶eTot nwgmk dl;ehIy RBHbrmeBaFistV enAEtCMnHedayRTg;RBHcinaþ fa {eyIgmin Gal½yeT} kielsmark¾sabsUnüGs;eTA . RBHmhabursyagqøgkat;savtßI evsalIeTAdl;sgÞw Genama RTg;yagqøgeTAeRtIymçag cuHBIelIxgñ esH Kg;elIpkñÚ xSac; bgÁab;[ qnÞGamatü naMykesH RBmTaMgeRKOgRbdab;raCü RtLb;eTAfVaydMNgw dl; RBHbitavij . esHkNæk³ecjputBIRBHGgÁbnþci ekItTukeç sakseRgg FM k¾saø b;eTA . 17

RBHmhaburscab;RkbYcRBHeksa kat;Tku sl;RbEvg2Fñab; rYc GFidaæ n k¾e)aHemalI¬kMe)aysk;¦ eTAkñgú Gakas RBH\nÞky¾ kRbGb; EkvmkRT eTAbBa©Hú TukenAcULamNIectiy nasßantavtwgS . man esckþdI N M alfa RBHeksaenHkat;EtmþgeT rhUtdl;clU brinBi aV n RBH eksa2Fñab;enH vilB½TR§ BHsireTAxagsþadM l¾ ¥ . lMdab;mkXdikarmhaRBhµ )anykbrikaç r8muxmkfVay KW s,g;1/ cIBr1/ sgÇadI1/ )aRt1/ kaMbti ekar1/ bMBg;m¢úl1/ vtþBn§cegáH1/ tRmgTwk1 . ÉsMBt;EdlesøókenaH mhaRBhµ)annaMyk eTAbBa©Hú TukenA TusSectiy ¬ectiy)aMgedaysMBt;¦ naRBhµelak. bBa¢ak; ³ esovePARbsñaBuTR§ bvtþBi si aþ rrbs;elak b‘-U bU: R)ab;fa mhaRBhµ

enaHKW bBVCti Catabs )ansmabtþvi ji eT eRBaHGñkenH k¾CaehtuekIt)anCa mhaRBhµEdr . 3

kñúgsMNak;RBHraCRKUGaLartabs ]Tktabs-Tukárkiriya eday)anTTYlesckþsI xu kñgú bBVCti ePT RBHmhabursRTg;Kg;enA kñgú éRB Gnubiym<v½n edayminqan;Gs;ry³eBl7éf¶. luHcUlKRmb;8éf¶ RtUvnwgéf¶RBhs,t× 8erac ExGasaZ eTIbesþcyagecjeTAbiN)Ð at M gw eTATUlfVayRBH)aT enAkñgú RkugraCRKwH . BYkGamatüeXIj k¾naMdN Bims<I ar esayraCükñgú Edn mKFrdæ raCRKwHraCFanIenaH . esþck¾lb emIltambg¥cÜ eTIbbgÁab;BkY raCburs [tamXøaeM mIl . 18

RBHbrmeBaFistVsRgYm\®nÞyI _ Rtac;crbiN)Ð at )anPtþaharlµm ehIy k¾yagcakraCFanI eTAkan;jkPñMbNÐv³ Kg;R)arB§esayPtþ edaybdiklU sBaØa BYkraCburs)aneXIjehIy k¾naMdN M gw eTAfVayRBH raCa tamdMeNIrsBVRKb; . RBHraCaRCabehIy k¾yageTAkan;jkPñeM naH rYcsaksYrGMBCI ati RtkUl RBHmhabursk¾fVayRBHBrRKb;Rbkar. RBHraCaRTg;RBHsNþab; ehIy k¾esñsI M[u RBHmhaburs esayraCüCaBak;kNþalenAkñgú nKr mKFrdæ EtRBHeBaFistVminRBmTTYl . RBHraCak¾mansMNUmBr fa ebIRTg;)anRtas;dgw eBlNa sUmRBHGgÁyagmkeR)as´RBHkruNa CaejammuneK . RBHmhabursyl;RBm eTIbRBHraCak¾yagcUlRBH nKrvijeTA . bnÞab;mkRBHmhaburs k¾yagcakBIjkPñM eTAkan;GaRsmbTrbs; GaLartabskalameKaRt EdlCaRKUmankitþisB½ dÞ l¾ ,Il,aj Catabs \sI sÞat;CnM ajxagéRtevTnasm½yenaH . kñgú sMNak;GaLartabs RBHmhaburs)ansikSaeronsURt rhUt )anseRmc smabtþi7KW rUbCÄan4 GrUbCÄan3 eTIbesþcyageTAsikSa kñgú sMNak;]TkrameKaRttabsbnþ . kñgú sMNak;tabsenH RBHGgÁ seRmc)ansmabtþTi aMg8 k¾yl;eXIjfa ecHFm’Rtwmsmabtþ8i enH minTan;GacnaMstV[qøgputelak)aneLIy . eTIbRBHbrmeBaFistV sYredjedalrkelakutrþ Fm’ Et]Tktabs eqøyI minrYc . cugeRkay 19

RTg;ks¾ eRmcRBHT½y ecjEsVgrkFm’Rtas;dgw edIm,Iqgø elakenAÉ ]ruevlniKm sµgw sµaF×saµ rtI RtiHriHrksem<aFiBaØaN EtmYyGgÁÉg . mkdl;]ruevlniKm RBHbrmeBaFistV k¾cab;Rbtibtþni vU Gtþkli m fanueyaK CatbviFxI agkarGb;rpM vøÚ kay EdlBYkniRKnßtri yIß _ Etg cat;Tku faCaviFdI R¾ besIr GacnaMstV[seRmcnUvemakçFm’)an . tb viFeI nH dUcCaQreCIgmYycMehogrhUt Qr edk b¤edIrelIbnøaRsYc briePaKGaharmanEpøeQI sMbkeQI sarayesµA k¾RBHGgÁsakl,g esay . RBHGgÁyksMBt;rMeu xµac mkeFVCI asMBt;cBI r h‘d¿u Nþb;xøÜn yk s,ÚvsÁa søkw eQImkRkg RKbdNþb;kay b¤ykEs,kstVsaø b;k¾man beNþay[l¥gFUlIdI RbLak;EbkRskaminRsg;Twk CYnkaleKc ecjBImnusSmin[CYb . enArdUvrga TwkkkFøak; eBlyb;ecjmk enAkNþalval eBléf¶clU kñgú éRBeRCA pÞCúM amYysaksB eBlkMBgu PavnaFm’ BYkekµgKgValeKa naMKañ mkERskelgdak;Rtecok )aj;enam dak; )acl¥gFUldI xI Sac;dak; ykEmkeQImkt,arRtecokRBHGgÁelg RBHGgÁEtgGt;RTaMmni eRkaFxwg . eFVtI bviFEI bbenHtamkarniymkñgú sm½yenaH k¾enAEtminGacseRmc)annUvbrmsux eTIbcab;eFVTI aruNkmµ xønÜ tamviFfI µbI nþeTotKW ³ 1> ykeFµjelI xaMCab;eFµjeRkam ykGNþatTl;ngw BidanRkGUm mat; minkeRmIk . 2> Gt;degðImrhUtdl;sHÞ esÞIrRbkac; eTIbdkdegðImvij rYcGt;degðIm bnþeTot . 20

3> bnßyGaharbnþci mþg² rhUtElgesayesaH edayGgÁúyenA es¶óm srIragÁkaykan;EtsÁmeTA² sl;EtEs,kdNþb;qg¥w Kl;eramsBV sarBagÁkay BukregÁaHRCuH CYnkaldYlRs):abelIEpndIdcU mnusSsøab; EtRTg;enAEtxaMsgát;eFµjGt;degðIm esayTuklç )M ak k¾RBHT½yminrevIrvay mansµartItaMgmaMenAdEdl . Rbtibtinþ vU mhabFan¬esckþBI üayamd¾F¦M EbbenH k¾enAEtravrk Fm’qgø elak ¬elakutþrFm’¦ mineXIjeTot eTIbRBHbrmeBaFistVcab; BicarNaeLIgvij GMBkI amsuxløki anueyaK KWCakamsuxsm,tþi Edl RBHGgÁFaø b;)anesay kalenAkñgú RBHbrmraCvaMg KWmni CapøvÚ eq<aHeTArk brmsuxBitenaHeLIy KwCaelakiysux rEmgEtgEtlayLMedayTukç Etk¾mni )aneFV[I kaycitþ lM)akTukFç hM sYu ehtuenaHk¾eTEdr . eBlGnuvtþnvU Tukrá kiryi a tamEbbGtþkli mfanueyaKviFI eFV[I kaylM)akhYsRbmaN rhUtesÞrI )at;bg;CvI ti k¾enAEtrkmineXIjpøvÚ edIm,IseRmcbrmsux)an . enAeBlRBHbrmeBaFistV BicarNaeXIj c,as;nvU GnþFm’TaMg2 KWkamsuxløki anueyaK1 CaviFIFUrrlugbMptu É Gtþkli mfanueyaK Tukrá kiryi a1 k¾dgw faCakarRbtibtþei Ganfy Ca viFItgw bMptu . qøgkat;nvU emeronBiesaFTaMgBIr KWkarbMb:nkay bMb:ncitþ eday nUvkamsuxsm,tþi nigkarlHbg;kamsuxsm,tþTi aMgRsug mkeFVTI ku rá kiriya CamicäaTidæi KWkarRbtibtþxi us eTIbRTg;seRmcRBHT½y ykkarGb;rM 21

kaysm,Ta Gb;rcM ti tþ amEbbCakNþalvij edaykMNt;ykbBaØaCa ktþacm,g ¬bBaØaFik¦ k¾cab;esayPtþahareLIgvij . kalsm½yEdlRBHbrmeBaFistV kMBgu eFVTI ku rá kiriyaenaH ekaNÐBaØ RBahµN_ EdlekµgCageK RBmTaMgkUnrbs;RBahµN_4nak; EdlCaGñk TaymhaburislkçN³fVayRBHGgÁ k¾)ancakecjeTAbYstambMerI RBHGgÁ tambNþaMrbs;bitaxøÜn TaMg5nak;enH eRkaymkehAfa bBa©vtÁIy_Pki eçú naH. bBa©vKÁyI _TaMg5GgÁenH kaleXIjRBHmhaburs esayPtþahareLIgvij Gs;sgÇwmfa minGacRtas;dgw )an k¾rt;ecal RBHGgÁ eTArs;enAkñgú éRB\sibtnmiKTayv½n eTobRkugBaraNsI rdækasI . 3

RBHbrmeBaFistVTTYldgVaymFu)ayas evlaeTobPøW éf¶14ekIt ExBisax qñarM ka RBHmhabursRTg;nmi ti þ eXIjsubni cEmøk CaehtunaM[RBHGgÁkat;yl;fa BitCanwg)anRtas; dwgCaBMxu aneLIy . luHRBwkeLIgéf¶15ekIt RTg;CRmHRBHkayerobcM RKgéRtcIBr rYck¾nmi nþeTAKg;eRkamedIméRCmYy Cit]ruevlniKm edIm,I eFVIsmfkmµdaæ n rg;caMeBlnwgRtLb;Rtac;eTAbiNÐ)at . manesckþtI N M alfa kaleBlEdlRBHbrmeBaFistV yagecj sagpñsÜ enaH nagsuCataCaFItarbs;esnkudmu <I enA]ruevlniKm nag )aneFVIkarbn;Rsn;ruk çeTvta rkSaedIméRCenaH edayR)afñasMu[ )ansVamI manCatiRtkUlesµIKña mancitþRbkbedayFm’ nigsM[u )an 22

kUnc,g CakUnsþab;dMbUnµanbitamata CakUnRbkbedayFm’ rYcnag )ansc©afa ³ebIseRmcdUcR)afña nagnwgeFVBI lIkmµRTBüsm,tþimu antémø mYyEsnkhabN³ fVayral;²qñaM . luHcMeNreRkaymk nagk¾)an seRmcdUcbMNgEmn eTIbnag[mnusSnaMemeKa 1>000 k,al eTAsIu eQIEGm kñúgéRBeQIEGm eBll¶acnag[eKrwtykTwkedaHeKa500 k,al eTA[emeKa500k,aleTotpwk . nagsuCata [eKeFVBI ak;kNþal²y:agenH rhUtmkdl;éf¶ 14ekIt ExBisaxenaH enAsl;emeKa8k,alcugeRkay . luHRBwkeLIgéf¶ 15ekIt ExBisaxenaHEdr nagsuCata [eKrwtykTwkedaH BIemeKa TaMg8k,al edIm,IeTAlayCamYyGgárdMeNIb eFVImFu)ayas . PaB Gs©arü enAeBleKykPaCn_dak;dl;Cti edImedaHemeKaTaMg8 TwkedaHk¾ hUrÉgcUlPaCn_ edaymin)ac;rtw . nagsuCataeXIjy:agenH k¾yk Twkw edaHeKa eTAdak;kgñú PaCn_feµI dayédnagpÞal; dak;GbM ilcUlbnþci ykRKab;Rkvaj EpødbI øI degáabuk[m:dæmyY mux² dak;bnþci cak;Tkw dUg xÞHi dUgcUl[lµm nagbgáat;ePøgI R)arB§cGM ni mFu)ayaseday xønÜ Ég . eBlmFu)ayasBuHeLIg BBuHvilCaTkçN i avdþ KWvli BIsaþ eM TAxageqVg RbRBwteþ TACuvM ji minmanRsk;cHu eRkAPaCn_eLIy . xN³enaHctuelak)alTaMg4 k¾cHu mkCYyEfrkSacRgáan esþc Gmri®nÞaFiraC cuHmkEfrkSaePøgI ÉBYkeTvtaenAkñgú cRkvaL k¾naMyk» CarsTiBVmkdak;kgñú mFu)ayas edayGanuPaBerog²xønÜ . eXIjehtu 23

Gs©arü nagsuCata k¾bgÁab;[nagbuNÑaTasI eTAe)assMGat eRkamedIméRCenaHmun eTAdl;ke¾ XIjRBHbrmeBaFistV kMBgu Kg;sgµw sµaF× smaFi hak;bdI cU kMBgu Kg;TtelakFatu EbrRBHP½RkþeTATisxag ekItmanrsµpI SayecjBIRBHkaydUcCaBN’mas . nagbuNaÑ eXIjk¾ snµtfaenHKwBti Carukeç TvtacuHmkBIedIméRC nimµti xønÜ R)akdeLIg rg;caM TTYleRKOgbUCaedaypÞal; nagk¾Rbjab;RtLb;mkR)ab;nagsuCata vijtamehtukarN_ . nagsuCataeRtkGrNas; k¾ykPaCn_témø mYyEsnkhaN³mkdak;mFu)ayas RKbedayRkNat;s tubEtgxønÜ rYcnagsuCata k¾[buNÑaTasI TUlPaCn_edIrBIeRkay eTAdl;edIméRC eXIjRBHbrmeBaFistV k¾snñdi aæ nfa BitCaeTvtarkSaRBHéRCEmn eTIb nagsuCata elIkmFu)ayas fVayEtmþg . RBHbrmeBaFistVgakrk)aRtmineXIj nagsuCata yl; Gakar³rbs;RBHGgÁ k¾eBalvacafa {esckþIR)afñarbs;nag´)ansMerc ehIy sUmfVaymFu)ayas RBmTaMgPaCn_masenH } rYcehIynagk¾ RtLb;eTApÞHvij . 3

RBHbrmeBaFistVp©aj;marcitþ)ab RBHmhaburseRkakcakGasn³ edIrRbTkSiNedIméRCbICeuM TIb kan;PaCn_mFu)ayaseTAkan;sgÞw enrBa¢ra yagcuHRsg;Tkw sÞgw rYcRTg; RKgedayéRtcIvr eTIbBUtmFu)ayasCa49BMnUt b:un²RKab;etñat esþcRTg;esayBumM ansl; . RBHbrmeBaFistVqan;rcY RTg;srM akRBH kaykñgú salv½n eTobeqñrsÞgw enaH rhUtdl;eBlresol eTIbcakecjBI eqñrsÞgw mktampøvÚ k¾)anCYbGñkRcUtsÁa GñkenaH)anfVaysÁadl;RBH GgÁtamTMenomTMlab;\NÐa . RBHbrmeBaFistVyagdl;edImeBaFiRBwkSmYy EdlduHdMNaléf¶ RBHGgÁRbsUt RTg;Kg;RbTkSiNRtg;xagt,Úg xaglic xageCIg EtcRk vaLTaMgbITsi suTE§ tjab;jr½ ¬citþmni s¶b;¦ hak;dcU CaR)ab;faTIenaH minEmnCaTIekItrtnbløg½ áeLIy . eTIbRTg;Kg;xagekItedImeBaFiRBwkS EbrRBHP½®kþeTATisxaglic TIenaHminjab;jr½ RTg;ks¾ nñdi aæ nfaTIenH R)akdCaGacekItrtnblø½g)á an/ RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;RkalsÁaRtg;TI enaH ehIyRTg;k¾taMgRBHEPñn rYcGFidaæ nfa {Es,k srés sac; Qam éneyIgcUr rIgs¶tÜ Gs;eTAcuH ebIGatµaGjmin)ansMercnUvkar Rtas;dgw eTnwgmin eRkakcakrtnbløg½ eá nHeLIy} . GFidaæ nrYcehIy eTIbEbr RBHbidæi ¬xñg¦ eTAkan;edImeBaFiRBwkS . eBlRBHmhaburskMBgu Kg;elIrtnbløg½ á eTvbuRtmarcit)þ abk¾ ekItesckþRI cENnQñanIseLIg edayKitfa {RBHsiTt§ ßenHR)afñaknøg nUvvisy½ énGj GatµaGjminRBm[RBHsiTt§ eß nHknøg)aneLIy} . 25

eTvbuRtmarcitþ)abk¾nimµti CiHelIdrM eI mxlakMBs;150eyaCn_ nimtµi éd mYyBan; kan;GavuFepSg² ÉBlmaresna nimtµi xønÜ Ebøk² manBN’exovxøH elOgxøH manxøÜnCastV mank,alCaykç xøHeTotmanxøÜnCaykç mank,alCaRmwK bkSICaedIm . Blmaresna sMEdgb£T§i9Rbkar edIm,Ib)M ak;sµartI[RBHbrmeBaFistVxøbxøac cuHcaj; EtehtuTaMg 9 RbkarenH minGacebotebonRBHGgÁ)aneLIy ehIyERbkøayeTACa eRKÓgbUCaRBHGgÁvji edayRBHGgÁGFidaæ nsMGagnUvGMNac)armITaMg 30 mhabric©aK5 nigcriya3 EdlRBHGgÁ)anksagknøgmk RBm TaMgRBHGgÁ)anykmhaRbfBICasakSI Émarcit)þ abvij KWykesnaCa sakSI . bBa¢ak; ³ krNIEbbenH enARsukExµrk¾mantMNalt²Kñafa GñkbYsxøH EdlkMBgu eFVsI maFikmµdaæ nenAkñgú éRB rEmgeXIjBs; b¤Ek¥bvarkat;BImxu b¤eXIjhak;bdI cU manxøa mkcMBmI xu bMrgu elatsRgÁb; xaMxnøÜ EtebIGkñ eFVIsmfkmµdaæ nenaH mancitrþ cY cakkiels mintk;søtú taMgcitCþ a]ebkça)an stVxaø Edlhak;hk;mksRgÁb;xaMenaH k¾)at;eTA vijEdr . 3

CMBUkTI 2

GPisem<aFiRtas;dwgnUvGasvkçy ½ viC¢a RBHGaTitüminTan;GsþgÁtpg RBHmhaburskMcat;bg;Gs; nUvmarcit)þ ab eTIbcab;eFVIsmaFikmµdaæ n edayykGana)ansStiCaGarmµN_ sµartItaMgmaM minbn§rÚ bnßyRbugmin[manPøat; kayRtg;citþk¾s¶b; rm¶ab;nwgnl¥CacitþmanGarmµN+_EtmYy . luHGarmµN_manEtmYys¶at; cakkamTaMgLay s¶at;cakGkuslFm’¬nIvrNFm’¦citrþ bs;RBHmhaburs k¾clU dl;bzmCÄancitþ RbkbedaynUvvitká³ vicar³ manbItI nig sux³ . luHRBHGgÁrm¶ab;)anvitká³ vicar³rYc k¾clU dl;Ttu iyCÄan eTIb RTg;cab;lHbItei cj RBHmhabursk¾manstidgw c,as;fa RBHGgÁkBM gu esaynUvvimtu þsi xu sMerc)anttiyCÄan . RBHmhabursmansµartI dwg c,as;fakMBgu esaysux RTg;kc¾ ab;lHbg; nUvesckþsI xu enaHecj RTg; k¾clU dl;ctutCß ÄanbnÞab;mk]bekçak¾taMgs‘b; \tTuk\ç tsux mancitrþ gw bugw brisTu § pUrpg;mni mankielsR)ascakmnÞil KWesckþeI sAhµg Cacitþ Tn;KrY dl;kmµCacitnþ gw Fwgminjab;jr½ eTIbRTg;cab;taMgstiy:agmaM edIm,IrlwkeLIgvij fyeRkayehIyrlwkcab;BImnu eBl EdlRTg;yag mkKg;elIrtnbløg½ áenHCalMdab;rhUtdl;RBHGgÁRbsUt rlwkbnþeTA eTotk¾Tju Tl;rlwkElg eXIj eTIbBicarNarlwkbeNþayeLIgmkvij CalMdab;rhUtdl;eBl EdlRTg;Kg;elIrtnbløg½ áenHdEdl k¾Kaµ n)an eXIjEbøkesaH k¾cab;rlwkbkeTAeRkayvij rhUtdl;eBlRbsUt . kalebIRBHmhabursBicarNarlwkeLIgmkvij CaGnuelamy:agenH bBaØadwgc,as;kk¾ an;EtPøeW LIg²CalMdab; RBHGgÁkB¾ ci arNarlwkRcas eTAvij eTot rhU t dl; e BlRbsU t Rsab;EtRTg;r avrkeXI j Ca elIkdMbgU fa munesayRBHCatiCasiTt§ eß nH GatµaGjCasnþsú ti eTvbutþ 27

etI ¡ rYckalBImnu CaRBHevsSnþrenAeCtutþrnKr>>> .l. ehIyEfmrlwk eXIjGMBkI aresaysuxTukç nigehtuepSg²kñgú CatinmI yY ²\txVHcenøaH eLIy . enAraRtI15ekIt ExBisax qñaMrka nabzmyam Edl RBHsiT§tßsMercnUvkarRtas;dwg KWrlwkeXIjCatikMeNItCaeRcInGenk CatiehAfa bueBVnvi asanusStivCi a¢ . RBHmhabursk¾taMgsmaFisgµw sµaF×bnþ rYceFVcI ti [þ brisTu §sa¥ t pUrpg; edIm,IGFidaæ njaMgu TiBcV kç[ú PøcW ,as;eLIg tRmg;]ebkçacitþenaH eTA rkdMeNIrcutirbs;stVelakCaGarmµN_ bBaØaKWTBi cV kçkú e¾ kItmanBnøcW ,as; eLIg eXIjdMeNIrénmenaFaturbs;stVkBM gu cüútcuHcab;kMeNIt . RTg;ks¾ eM rc)annUvRtas;dgw GMBI cutbU tviCa¢ namCÄimyamKWrkeXIjGMBI karekItsøab; karesaypl mUlehtuénkaresaypl rbs;stVkgúñ Cati nImyY ² . eBlRtasdwgnUvcutbU )atBaØaNrYcehIy RTg;kc¾ ab;sgµw sµaF×eFVI smaFibnþeTAeTot tRmg;saµ rtIeTArkkarekItsøab;enaH rYcjaMgu bBaØaect sik[R)akdeLIg edIm,IeFVvI bi sSnaPavna RtiHriHBicarNarkehtuén karekItsøab; nigrkehtuénkarrlt;esckþeI kItsøab;enH edayBicarNa eXIjfa esckþxI SwkxSÜlTukRç BYyceg¥ótcg¥l; esckþIPy½ tk;støú ekItman eRBaHeXIjcas;Cra nigesckþsI aø b;KWmrN³mkdl; PaBcas;CraBüaFi mrN³ekItmaneRBaHedaysarCatiCabc©y½ CatiekItmaneRBaHmantNða kñgú PBCabc©y½ PBekItmaneRBaH])aTanCabc©y½ ])aTanekItmaneRBaH mantNðaCabc©y½ tNðaekItmaneRBaHmanevTnaCabc©y½ evTnaekItman eRBaHmanpsS³Cabc©y½ psS³ekItmaneRBaHmanGaytn³TaMg6 Cabc©y½ Gaytn³ekItmaneRBaHmannamrUbCabc©y½ namrUbekItmaneRBaHman 28

viBaØaNCabc©y½ viBaØaNekItmaneRBaHmansgçarCabc©y½ sgçarekItman eRBaHmanGviCa¢ Cabc©y½ . GviCa¢ KweW sckþIlg¶ ;exøA mindwgehtubc©y½ Bit esckþTI ku çRBYyk¾rEmg ekItmaneLIg ebIGviCa¢ rlt; bBaØarEmgekItman esckþTI ku Rç BYy esckþI tk;støú BIerOgcas;Cra BüaFimrN³k¾Kg;rlt;Gs;eTA ebIesckþRI kvl;Rkvay kñgú PBTaMgLayrlt;Gs;eTA karekItsøab;k¾Kg;rlt;eTA . karrk eXIjRtas;dwgnUvbdics© mub,aTFm’ énkarekItsøab;enH eTIbmhaburs kMNt;fa ³ - ebIGviC¢arlt; esckþTI ukçRBYytk;støú BIerOgcas;CraBüaFimrN³ k¾Kg;rlt;eTA ebIesckþTI ku çRBYytk;støú rlt;Gs;CasmuecäTehIy karekIt søab;bnþeTAeTotk¾Kg;rlt; enaHGviCa¢ sgçar viBaØaN namrUb Gaytn³ psS³ evTna tNða ])aTan PB CatiCraBüaFimrN³ k¾rlt;Gs;eTAeday ÉkÉg eRBaHEtesckþTI ku çRBYy k¾rlt;eTACasmuecäTEdr . - karBicarNarkeXIjehtubc©y½ énkarekItsøab;enH naM[RBH GgÁdgw c,as;fa esckþRI )afñakñúgkamKuNTaMg5 BuEM mnCapøvÚ eTArkbrmsux esckþRI )afñaPBTaMgLay ¬kamPB rUbPB GrUbPB ¦ BuEM mnCapøvÚ dl;nvU brmsux . GviC¢aCaesckþlI g¶ ;exøA mindwgehtuBti énTukç mindwgehtuBti énFm’dl;nUvbrmsux eTIbnaM[manesckþIxSwkxSÜlTukçRBYytk;søút ekIteLIgminecHcb; edaysarEtmanesckþRI )afña Rbkan;maMEbbenH. karRtas;dgw KWkarrkeXIjpøvÚ rMlt;Tku ç sMercehIynUvbrmsux KWkarGb;rcM eM rInPavnaeFV[I Gs;eTAénGasv³TaMg3 mankamasv³ Pvasv³ nigGviC¢asv³ ehAfaGasvkçyviC¢a . RBHbrmsasþa )anRtas;dgw nUv GasvkçyjaNenH nabcäimyaménraRtIéf¶15ekIt ExBisax qñaMrka enA KyasIsRbeTs b¤]ruevlniKm cab;BeI BlenaHmk . 29

bueBVnvi asanusStiviCa¢ cutUb)atviCa¢ Gasvkçy½ viC¢aKWCaFm’bv¤ Ci ¢a RtUv)an Rtas;dgw )anrkeXIj edayRBHsiTt§ ß ehIyGasvkçy½ viC¢aenH EdljaMgu stV[qøgelak)an ehAfaelakutþrFm’ eBalKWRBHniBVanenaH . kareRbIsmaFicitþ rYcjaMugsti[ekIteLIg rYctRmg;sti eTArkkarrlwkCati karcüútbdisn§irbs;stVCaGarmµN_ ehIyeRbIbBaØarav rk [eXIjehtubc©y½ énkarekItsøab; eBalKWbdics© mub,aTFm’ nigkar eFV[I Gs;nvU Gasv³ kareRbIbBaØarebobenHehAfavibsSnaviC¢a cat;Tku CaviC¢acm,génkarRtas;dwg . edayRBHGgÁsaÞ t;kñúgsmaFikmµdaæ n Qan smabitþ CaehtujaMgu [RBHd¾manRBHPaK bribN U ’edaymenamyiTvi§ Ci ¢a \T§vi Fi vI iCa¢ TiBcV kçvú Ci ¢a TiBeV satviCa¢ nigecetabriyviC¢apgEdr . karBicarNarkeXIjfa mankMeNIt rEmgmansPav³cas; QW søab;CaFmµta kalebIcas;QsW aø b;ekItman esckþxI SwkxSÜlesaksþay RseNaH esckþTI ku rç EmgekItman minGacmanbuKÁlNa eCosput)an eLIy . bdic©smub,aTFm’Rtg;enH RBHbrmRKUéneyIg[eQµaH TukGç riysc©³ . karBicarNarkeXIjfabufC u n¢ rEmgTTYlyksPav³Tukcç as; Qw søab;mni )an eTIbtNðaKWew sckþRI )afña cg;)anEtsPav³mincas; minQW minsøab; KµanTukç EdlCatNðaesckþRI )afñaxusTMng edaysarEttYGviCa¢ CatYseM yaCn³ b¤CatYkielsl¶g;exøA minEmnCatYbBaØamanenAkúgñ snþan. manCnBYkxøH xMsmaTansIl eFVsI maFiQan eRBaHcg;ecj [putBITukç ehIyR)afñakñúgsm,tþieTvelak RBhµelakvij eday yl;xusfa brmsuxniBaVnmanenATIenaH . esckþyI l;xuseRBaHGviC¢a naM[mantNða esckþRI )afñaxusenHehIy EdlCaehtuénTukç . 30

bdics© mub,aTFm’enH RBHsmµasm<Tú [§ eQµaHehAfa smuTyGriysc©³ KWehtuénesckþTI ku ç . edaysartYGviCa¢ enH tNðaenH naM[mankaryl;xs u ÉesckþI R)afñaenaH k¾CaesckþRI )afñaxus EdlCaesckþRI )afñaRbkbeday])aTan kçn§ Cab¤sKl;énesckþITukç . bdic©smub,aTFm’enH RBHsmaµsm<úT§ BicarNarkviFI eFVI[rlt;Gs;eTAénGasv³ EdlmaneQµaHehAfa nieraFGriysc©³ KWkarrMlt;ectsik nigGarmµN_ EdlCaehtubc½©ynaM [tNðaekIteLIgenaH. kalebIectsikrlt; GarmµN_rlt; Gasv³TaMg 3k¾rlt; . edIm,IjaMugGasv³[rlt;Gs;CasmuecääT RtUvRbtibtþinUv GriymKÁRbkbedayGgÁ8 dUcxageRkam ³ k> bBaØasikça ¬emIlTMBr½ 39-40-253bEnßm¦ 1> smµaTidæi ³ TidKæi WbBaØaectsikdwgc,as; yl;c,as; yl; RtwmRtUvfa kamsuxløki anueyaKviFI EdlRBHbita)anbMeBjbMb:nRBHd¾ manRBHPaKGs;kMLúg29qñaM BuMEmnCapøÚveTArkbrmsux CaGmtFm’ eLIy ÉGtþkli mfanueyaKviFI k¾BEuM mnCapøvÚ eFV[I Gs;nvU Gasv³ ÉTukrá kiryi aKWCakareFVdI e¾ fakTab BuEM mnCapøvÚ Rtas;dgw eLIy KWmanEtGriy sc©³TaMg4bu:eNÑaH eTIbCakareXIjRtUv karsikSa karyl;dR¾ twmRtUv . 2> smµasgáb, ³ bBaØaKWesckþRI tiHriHRtUvfa kamsuxløki anueyaK nigGtþkli mfanueyaK BuEM mnCaGriymKÁénkarRtas;dgw rkeXIjpøvÚ rMlt;Tku ç)aneLIy . kamsuxsm,tþi KWesckþsI uxekIteLIgBIvtßkú am ÉvtßúkamenHCarbs;mineTogTat;sßitesßreLIy eBlQøk;vegVgeRtk RtGalnwgvtßkú amkan;EtxøagM ebIvtßkú amenaHERbRbYlvinas)at;bg;eTA esckþTI ku ç esaksþayRseNaH k¾ekItmankan;EtxøagM Edr eTIbRTg;cat; 31

Tukfakamvitká³faCakarRtiHriHxus EdlKb,IlH ehIyRbkan;yk enkçmµvti ká³ edayGb;rcM ti þ[s¶at;cakkam eTIbCakarRtiHriHRtUv . ÉGtþ kilmfanueyaK KWCaviFIeFVI[kaylM)ak\tRbeyaCn_ karRtiHriH eXIjc,as;y:agenH BIeRBaHqøgkarGnuvtþpaÞ l;. ehtuenH)anCaRBH brmRKUéneyIg elakcat;TuksmµaTidæi nigsmµasgáb,³ CabBaØasikaç KWCakarsikSa Gnuvtþ[ekItR)aCJa eTIbGacBicarNaeXIjtamsPav³Bit yl;c,as;nvU pøÚvBitRtg; eq<aHeTArkemakçFm’)an . x> sIlsikça 3> smµavaca KWvacasMEdgecjGMBTI kw citþ RbkbedaysIlFm’ EdlCatYectna jaugM karniyaysþEI tnUvGVEI dleXIjBit eXIjRtUvcM GriymKÁ mankarevorcak nUvvcITcu ©rti 4edIm . 4> smµakmµnþ ³ karRbkbedaynUvkuslFm’RbRBwtEþ tkargar RtUvRtg;GriymKÁenaH minRbRBwtsþ nSMnvU kamsuxsm,tþi eRBaHCarbs; mineTog mineFVnI vU GMeBI EdlnaMeFV[I kay [citlþ M)ak\tRbeyaCn_ minRbRBwtGþ eM BITcu ©rti edaykaykmµ3CaedIm KWGaRs½yedayman sIlsikaç Cabc©y½ . 5> smµaGaCIv³ sIlKWectnaEdljaugM kayRbkbkarrksucI Bi a©mw CIvti edaynUvsucrit minlYcqk; e)akR)as ekgRbv½Ba©eK ebIRKhsß RtUvevorcaknUvmuxCMnjY 5Rbkar ebICaPikçsú gÇRtUvRbRBwteþ daynUvGaCIv )arisTu §si Il nigbc©y½ snñsi SitsIlCaedIm . smµavaca kmµakmµnþ smµaGaCIv³ RBHbrmsaRsþaRTg;cat;Tku Ca GriymKÁxagkgsIl EdlRtUvBüayam sikSaRbtibtþi rhUtectsik sIlenHekIteLIgBitR)akd GaRs½ymanbBaØaCakmøagM pgEdr. 32

K> citþsikça 6> smµavayam³ kartaMgcitbþ dibtþCi aerOy²enH )andl;esckþI Büayam4¬smµb,Fan4¦KWBüayamraMg)abFm’ min[ekItmankñúg snþan1 BüayamjaMgu kuslFm’[ekItmankñgú snþan1 BüayamlH )abFm’EdlekItman[Gs;BkI gñú snþan1 nigBüayamrkSaTuk kuslFm’ EdlmanehIy min[ruHeraysabsUnüeTAvij1 . karRbRBwtCþ aerOy² edIm,IeFVcI ti [þ brisTu s§ ¥atpUrpg; RbkbEtedaynUvkuslFm’y:agenH KWBüayamcMerInsmµasmaFienaH. 7> smµasti ³ KwkartaMgcitpþ ©g;rkGarmµN_ edIm,IkMu[PøagM Pøat;nvU GVEI dleXIjtamsPav³Bit eXIjRtUvehIy caMmni [RcLM bBaØaKg;dgw c,as; stiEdlkMBgu rlwkmaMenaH KWCastib,dæan edayykkay citþ evTna Fm’ eFVICaTItaMgénkarrlwk edIm,IemIl[eXIjsPav³Bitfa citeþ nHGs;nvI rN³ Gasv³ehIyb¤enA ? kayenHenAjab;j½redaysar vtßúkamGUsTajb¤eT? evTnaectsikenH esaypsS³CaFmµarmµN_ sux-TukçevTnay:agNaxøH?. karBüayamrlwk[dwg )any:agenH KWedIm,IQaneTAlHGPiCÄa Büa)aT micaä TidÐi esckICþ ab;CBM ak; [Gs; BIsnþanCasmuecäT eFVrI ebobenH eTIbehAfa smµasti KwkarrlwkRtUv . 8> smµasmaFi ³ KWkartmálá ;cti þ [smøgw p©g;eTArk GarmµN_ CasmfEtmYy edIm,IBüayamlHkamcänÞ [Gs;CasmuecäT ERb køaykamavcrkuslcitþ [eTACarU)avcrkuslcitþ )anCacitbþ risTu § pUrpg; CacitRþ bRBwteþ TArabesµI KµanTITlY KWkei ls ]bkáei ls )an dl;nvU ecetavimtu þi rYceTIbbeg¥anecetavimtu þei nH ceRmInvibsSnaPavna 33

GMBéI RtlkçN_ edIm,IseRmcdl;nvU jaNTsSn³ . kartmál;cti þmaMy:ag asmaFi.karGb;rcM ti tþ amviFanTaMg8 enH eTIbelak[eQµaHehAfa smµasmaFi RbkarxagelI RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;sEmþgfa BitCaeFV[I rlt;eTAén Tukç GacnaMstVeTAdl;fñak;brmsuxBit KWRBHniBaVnenaH . 3

bnÞab;B)I anRtas;dgw nUveBaFisBVBaØ tú BaØaN eRkayBI)anRtas;dgw nUvbueBVnvi asanusStiBaØaN cutbU )atBaØaN Gasvkçy½ BaØaN aN BicarNaeXIjc,as;nvU bdics© mub,aTFm’ énkarekIt søab; kMNt;)annUvcturariysc© EdlRtUvRbtibtþitammKÁGgÁ8mk RBHbrmsaRsþaRTg;Kg;elIrtnbløg½ áenaHGs;ry³7éf¶eTot KW ³ - s)aþh_TI 1 ³ RTg;)anBicarNaeLIgvij edIm,IeFVI[Cak;c,as; nUvkarRtas;dgw knøgmk . - s)þah_TI2 ³ eBlRBwkRTg;eFVyI mkb,adiharü Kw)adiharüCaKU² dUcCaTwkKUnwgePøIg>>>>>>>>>edIm,IedaHesckþIsgS½yrbs;BYkeTvta RTg; cuHBIrtnblø½gá eTAKg;enAxagTis|sanþénrtnblø½gá rYcsmøwg rtnbløg½ á minb:RbicEPñkGs;7éf¶ . - s)aþh_T3I ³ RTg;yagc®gámelIc®gámEkvy:agEvgGs;7éf¶. - s)þah_T4I ³ RTg;Kg;enAkñgú pÞHEkvGs;7éf¶edayRBHEPñn edIm,I BicarNakMNt;TtI aMgénRBHsT§mµ . - s)aþh _ T I5 ³ RTg;y ageTAKg; e RkamedI méRCGs; 7 éf¶ BicarNaeLIgvijnUvRBHsT§mµ Edl)anRtas;dwg )ankMNt;TItaMgrYc 34

ehIyenaH edIm,Ivci Ri t[RsbeTAnwgcritTaMg6rbs;bKu lÁ 4BYk EdlRBHBuT§ Kb,ITnU µan)an . lMdab;enaHeTvbuRtmar RBmedayFItamarKWnagtNðaGar tIraKa )anlYgelamRBHGgÁ[cUlbrinBi aVn Etmin)ansMerc . - s)aþh_T6I ³ RTg;yageTAKg;Ek,rRsHmuc©lni GÞ s;7éf¶ enATIenaH mhakalemX k¾bg¥úrTwkePøog esþcnaKmuc©lni Þ ecjBIRsHmknimtµi xønÜ y:agFM B½Te§ BnebIkBBar )aMgRKbBIelIRBHsirsarbs;RBHd¾manRBHPaK karBarePøog xül; kMedAéf¶ . - enAs)aþh_TI7 ³ RTg;yageTAKg;eRkamedImEksGs;7éf¶eTot CaKMrb;49éf¶Kt; . mFu)ayas Tuk)anCakmøagM GaharTiBV karp©g;saµ rtIeTAelIkar Rtas;dgw rtnbløg½ á>>>> kñúgry³49éf¶enH RBHbrmsasþaminesaycgðan; GVTI aMgGs; KWesayEtGarmµN_Cavimutsþi xu rhUtcugs)aþh_T7I eTIbRTg; qan;EpøRsm: x<úrRBH»sæ ehIyk¾Kg;eRkamedImEksenaHbnþeTot . lMdab;mkmanBaNiC2nak;Cabgb¥nÚ bgeQµaH tbusS b¥nÚ eQµaH Pløki naMQµÜjreTH500 pÞkú edayTMnji eTAlk;enA]tþrCnbTkñgú mCÄwm RbeTs )anyksdUvu dMu nigsdUvpg;faV yRBHbrmsasþa rYcehIyk¾svuM tßú TukCaTIskáarbUCa RBHGgÁykRBHhsþsaÞ bRBHsirsa RBHeksa 8 srés k¾Cab;mktam RBHGgÁRbTan[BaNiCTaMg2nak; BYkeKnaMykeTA kan;n; KrxønÜ ehIy)anerobcMksagectiyenARtg;TITlY sigtúá þr tmál;RBH eksaenH TukeFVIskáarbUCa edaymanRBH)aT]bNbraC CaRBHraCUbtßmÖ bc©bú ,nñ enAkñgú TIRkugrgÁnÜ RbeTsPUma ¬mIya:n;ma: ¦. 3 35

RBhµGaraFnasMEdgFm’ bnÞab;mkeTIbRBHbrmsasþa RTg;yageTAKg;enAeRkamedIméRC vij enATIenaHRTg;manRBHvitká ekIteLIgvijmYysareTotfa Fm’Edltfa KtGj)anRtas;ehIy manKmÖrI PaB l¥ti suxumRCaleRCANas; CaFm’ EdlstVelakeXIj)anedaykRm Rtas;dgw )anedaykRm nigCaFm’d¾ ]tþmNas;. Fm’dR¾ CaleRCAEbbenH stVelakEdlkMBgu eRtkRtGal nwgtNðaTaMgLay minGacyl;[Cak;c,as; lHGs;eTAénGasv³dl; nUvRBHniBaVn)aneLIy . bdics© mub,aT KwCaFm’sEM dgGMBeI htubc©y½ énsgçar sPav³cas; Qw søab; ehtuénesckþTI ukç Fmµnyi aménkarrM;lt;ehturbs;Tku ç k¾CaFm’ EdlstVelak)aneXIj nigyl;)anedaykRmNas;Edr . karlHkiels karpþac;plþi tNða esckþRI )afñakñgú PB [Gs;BkI gñú snþanCasmuecäT KWCakarrm¶ab;bg;sgçar dl;nvU KwRBHniBaVn k¾stVdgw )an edaykRm eFVI)anedaykRm ebItfaKtsMEdgFm’enH stVTaMgLayk¾Kg; mineCO . RTg;RBHcinaþ y:agenH eTIbRBHd¾manRBHPaKrYjraRBHT½y man esckþxI Vl;xVaytic kñúgkarsMEdgFm’eR)asstV EdlRBHGgÁ)an Rtas;dgw enaH m:üagedaynUvesckþeI nOyNay RBHkayBlkñgú kar cMNayeBlGs;6vsSa y:aglM)aklMbni bMptu eTIbGacRtas;dgw )an . sUmbBa¢ak;fa enAeRkamedIméRCenaHdEdl kalBIs)aþh_TI 5 bnÞab;B)I anRtas;dgw kielsmar )anGaraFna [RBHGgÁclU niBaVnmþgrYc 36

ehIy EtedaynUvectnajaMgu kiryi a[vicRi tRBHsT§mµ edIm,IeRtomTuk sMrab;eR)asstVTaMg 4BYk Kw)anKitvici Ri trYcehIy eTIbkarGaraFnarbs; kielsmarenaHRtUvbraC½yeTA . elIkenHRTg;mankarrYjraeTotEt edayGMNac)armITkw RBHT½y RbkbedaymhaRBhµvhi arFm’ cg;Et sMEdgFm’eR)asstV müa:gedaymankarGaraFnaBIRBhµ eTIbRBHGgÁeRbI bBaØackçrú milemIlBYkstV eXIjman4BYkCaR)akd Kw]KÇditBaØÚ1 vibci©tBaØÚ1 enyübris½T 1 nigbTbrm1 . BYkTI1enHCaGñkman ]bnisS½y RBmTaMgR)aCJadwgrh½s Pøam kñgú kalEdl)ansþab;;Fm’dcU savIbRu t BYkTI2enH)andl;BkY stV man]bnisS½y nigR)aCJabnÞab;cHu kalebI)ansþab;Fm’RBmTaMgkar GFib,ayeTIbcUlcitsþ aþ b;)an dUcCa bBa©vKÁyi . BYkTI3enyübrisT½ )andl;s tV EdlRKan;EtmansT§a RCHfø a kñúg kar[Tan TTYlyknUvéRtsrNKmn_ smaTansikaç bT eTaHbI)anFm’eRcIndg b¤ceM rInkmµdaæ nNamYy k¾BGuM acsMercmKÁpl dl; nUvTIbpM tu Tukç kñgú CatienH)aneLIy RKan;Etman]bnisS½y teTAkñgú GnaKt. BYkTI4 )andl;BkY BalbufCu n¢ eTaHbIFm’NamYyk¾saþ b;mni )an eTaHbIsEmþgman GtßFm’rak;kþI eRCAkþI k¾mni Gacyl;esckþ)I an . eBlRTg;RCabeXIjfa BYkstVxHø manFUlKI wraK³ eTas³ emah³ kñgú EPñktic BYkstVxHø manFUlkI gñú EPñk eRcIny:agenH eTIbRBHsmµasm<Tú § manRBHBuTd§ kI afa ³ {mñalRBhµ¡ tfaKtsMKal;nvU esckþeI nOy eTIb )anCarYjrakñgú karsMEdgFm’d]¾ tþmenH b:Eu nþ\LÚvTVarRBHniBaVnrebIk 37

ehIy BYkstVEdlmanesatbsaT cUrbeBa©jsT§asþab;Fm’d]¾ tþmenH cuH . 3 RBHsmµasm<úTs § MEdgFmµcká eBlRBHbrmRKU sMercRBHT½ysMEdgFm’ RTg;kR¾ BHcinaþ nwk eXIjGaLartabskalameKaRt CabNÐti man]bnisS½y manFUlKI W kielskñgú EPñktic Kg;ngw Rtas;dgw )an EtedaynUvTiBjV aN RkabTUl fVayTiBVckçú RBHGgÁk¾eXIjtabsenHsøab;kñúgeBlEdlRBHGgÁ)an Rtas;dgw fµ²I )an]b,tþki ekItenAzanRBhµ\trUbeTAehIy eTIbnwkdl; ]TÞktabsrameKaRt k¾eXIjtabsenaHsøab;kñgú eBlfµ²I Edr . eTIb RBHsmµasm<Tú n§ kw dl;bBa©vKÁyi EdlFøab;)anbMerIRBHGgÁ k¾RTg;RbemIl eXIjedayTiBVckçú RTg;yagecjcak]ruevlniKm eTAkan;éRB \sibtnmiKi Tayv½n eTobRkugBaraNsI énrdækasI EdlPikTçú aMg5GgÁ Kg;enA . RBHd¾manRBHPaKnimnþeTobdl;carik bBa©vKÁyi eXIjBIcm¶ay k¾ebþCaJ nwgKñafa ³ minfVaybgÁM mineRkakTTYl . EtenAeBlRBHGgÁ§ yageTAdl; k¾ePøcxønÜ naMKañ eRtkGr eRkakTTYl)aRtcIvry:agrak;Tak; . RBHd¾manRbPaKRTg;Rtas;fa ³ tfaKtnwgsMEdgGmtFm’[bBa©vKÁyi sþab; { faya:genHGs;var³mYydg Gs;var³BIrdg k¾bBa©vKÁyi mineCO min RBmsþab; faCaKRmb;bdI g eTIbPikTçú aMg5GgÁRBmTTYlsþab; . 38

RBHbrmRKUke¾ lIkykGnþFm’BIrRbkarmkdMEdgfa CaFm’lamk bBVCki BMKu b,IesBeLIy . GnþFm’TaMgBIrRbkarenaHKW ³ - kamsuxløki anueyaK KwCakarRbRBwteþ FV[I xønÜ Cab;CBM ak;eday kamsux manvtßkú am nigkamKuNTaMg 5CaedIm . - GtþkilmfanueyaK ³KWkarRbRBwteþ FV[I kaylM)ak\tRbeyaCn_ CaFm’efakTab CaFm’rbs;Gkñ Rsuk BuEM mnCaFm’rbs;RBHGriy³eLIy . sMEdgcb;GBM GI nþFm’TaMgBIrehIy eTIbRTg;sMEdgGMBGI riymKÁ Rbkb edayGgÁ8 EdlCamCÄimb,dibTa KwkarRbtibtþyi :agkNþal eTIbCaFm’ eFV[I ekItbBaØackçú eBalKwkarRtas;dgw naM[rlt;Gs;eTAénTukç)an . bnÞab;BsI EM dgGMBGI riymKÁmanGgÁ8mk RBHbrmRKUk¾sEM dg GMBsI c©³TaMg 4 KwTku sç c©³ smuTyscä³ nieraFsc©³ mKÁsc©³ edayelIkykjaN3mk Bnül;[Cak;c,as;Kw ³ - R)aCJadwgc,as; kñgú Griysc© ³ sc©jaN - R)aCJadwgc,as; kñgú kic©EdlKYreFVI ³ kic©jaN - R)aCJadwgc,as; kñgú kic©Edl)aneFVIrcY ehIy ³ ktjaN eBalKWsc©³nImyY ² RtUvmanR)aCJadwgc,as;3²enH RKb;TaMgbYnsc©³ehA faGakar³12 EdlCakarsEmþgR)ab; GMBvI iFRI btibtþpi vøÚ Rtg;TaMg8Rbkar enaH . R)aCJadwgc,as;kñúgGriysc©ehAfa sc©jaN Kwdwgc,as;fa esckþeI kþAkþÜl naM[minRsYlkay minsb,aycitþ eQµaHfaTukç eRBaHTukç enHCaFmµCati EdlstVRTaM)anedaykRm . ÉtNðaTaMg3KW ³ kamtNða PvtNða nigviPvtNða KWCakielsCati EdlCaehtunaM[ekItTukç . kar rMlt;tNðaTaMg3;¬nieraF¦e[Gs; tammKÁGgÁ8 CadMeNIrRbtibtþi edIm,I 39

rMlt;Tku ç. TaMgenHcat;TukCasc©jaN KwR)aCJadwgc,as;GBM GI riysc© TaMg4 enaH . R)aCJadwgc,as;kg ñú kicE© dlKYreFVIehAfa kicj© aN KwR)aCJadwg c,as;sKM al;fa enHCaTukç ¬brieBaØyükic© Kwdgw faTukeç nHGatµaGj)an sÁal;ehIy. smuTy KwtNðaCaehtunaM[Tukeç kIteLIg dUecñHtNðaenH KYrlHbg;ecj ¬bhankic©¦ eTIbTukçenHrlt;eTA\tesssl; enHCa bhanFm’ eFV[I )anCak;c,as; ¬scäki atBVkci ©¦ dUecñHesckþRI btibtþi GriymKÁ edIm,IrMlt;Tukç CaFmµniyamKYrcMerIn KWeFVICaerOy²[ )aneRcIn¬Pavnakic©¦. eBalKwsc©³nImYy² RtUvRbkbnUvkic©4enH ehAfa esaLskic1© 6 . R)aCJadwgc,as;kg ñú kic©Edl)aneFVIrcY ehIyehAfa ktjaN Kw R)aCJadwgfaTukeç nH GatµaGj)ansÁal;ehIy smuTy KWehtuénTukeç nH GatµaGj)anlHehIy esckþIRbtibtþiedIm,IrMlt;Tukç GatµaGj)an cMerInbribUrehIyEdr naMGasv³k¾Kg;rlt;Gs;eTA. ebIGasv³rlt; Gs;CasmuecäTehIy TVarniBaVnk¾Kg;rebIkeLIgRBmBMEu dlxan . lMd ab;enaH ekaNÐB aØP ikçú k¾)anRtas;d wgnUv elakut þrFm’K w esatabtþpi lmuneK ÉeTvtaTaMg18ekadi k¾)ansMercnUvFmµckçú KW esatabtþpi l eTIbRtLb;eTAkan;saß neTvelakvij . RBHsmµasm<Tú s§ EM dgFmµckáb,vtþnsURtenH naéf¶15ekIteBj bU’NmI ExGasaZ qñarM ka bnÞab;BRI tas;dgw )an59éf¶ . - enAéf¶1erac RTg;sEM dgFmµki fad¾vei ss eTIbvb,³sMerc)an nUvFmµckçú . - enAéf¶ 2erac eTIbPTÞyi ³sMerc)annUvFmµckçú . - enAéf¶3erac mhanam )ansMercFmµckçú . - kñgú éf¶4erac eTIbRBHGsSCi)ansMercesatabtþpi l . 40

RBHGgÁ)anRbTan]bsm,Ta CaÉhiPki dçú l;bBa©vKÁiy eTIbRTg; sMEdgGMBIi GntþlkçNsURt edaymanRBHBuTd§ kI afa ³ {rUbM Pikeç v Gntþa} mñalPikçúTaMgLay rUbeyIgenHCarbs;mineTog eBalKW bBa©kçn§enH CasPav³min)anRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacéncitþenaHeT eRBaH bBa©knç e§ nH minEmnCaGtþa KwbBa©knç e§ nHekItehIy rEmgrlt; nigEbk FøayeTAvijCaFmµta . ebIbBa©kçn§mineTogy:agenH ebIbBa©kçn§minenA kñúgGMNacéncitþrbs;eyIg Edlcg;)anenaH nwgRbkan;fa bBa©knç e§ nH Carbs;xnøÜ Carbs;Gj KWCakarRbkan;mni smKYreLIy RbkarenHehIy ehAfaGntþaenaH . RBHGgÁsEmþgcb; GMBGI ntþlkçNsURt PikTçú aMg5GgÁ man esckþeI RtkGrRCHføa rYccakGs;Gasv³ . Grhnþ6GgÁ k¾ekIteLIg kñgú elak . kñgú sm½yenaH yskulbuRt kUnrbs;nagsusuCata eXIjGakar³ KYr[FujRTan;rbs;BkY RsIbeM rI k¾cHu cakR)asaTeTAkan;éRB \sibtnmiK Tayv½nTaMgraRtInaeBleTobPøWenaH eBlenaHRBHGgÁkMBugcRgám Tt eXIjRTg;kR¾ tas;ehA yskulbuRt eTIbsMEdgeR)as yskulbuRtGM t BI GnubBu kVI fa[sþ GnubBVuBkIV faenaH fa ab; .Gnu fa KWTankfa1 sIlkfa1 sKÁkfa1 eTasénkamd¾lamkesAhµg1 rYmTaMgGanisgSkñúgkarecjbYs1 . lMdab;enaH yskulkbuRtmanci t tþRsYl citþTn; citþcaknIvrNFm’ k¾ sMerc)annUvesatabtþpi l . matabita)at; yskulbuRt k¾edIrrk . bitaeXIjsñam)aTeCIg kUn edIrtamdanenaH k¾)aneTACYbkUn enAcMeBaHRBHPRkþRBHbrmRKU RBHGgÁks¾ EM dgGnu GnubBu kVI fafa dl;bti arbs; yskulbuRt eTot Kat;k)¾ an sMercnUvesatabtþpi l rYcsUmnUvéRtsrNKmn_esµCI vI ti . elakesdæI 41

k¾nmi nþRBHbrmsasþa [yageTATTYlPtþÉpÞH rbs;xønÜ enAéf¶Es¥k RBHGgÁyl;RBm ehIyesdækI R¾ tLb;mkpÞHvij . yskulbuRtsUm bBVCa¢ RTg;RbTan]bsm,Tadl;yskulbuRtCaÉhiPki çú . RBHGgÁRTg; eXIjcitþrbs;yskulbuRtefrRCHføa kñgú kalenaH RBHbrmRKUks¾ EM dg FmµeTsnaGMBTI ku sç c©³1 smuTysc©³1 nieraFsc©³1 mKÁsc©³1 yskuslbuRt man]bnisS½ycas;kaø ehIy k¾rYccakputGs;Gasv³ GrhnþKRmb;7GgÁk¾mankñúgelak . luHRBwkeLIg RBHbrmsaRsþa RBmTaMgRBHysetßr k¾nmi nþeTA eKhdæanrbs;esdæI matabitaRBmTaMgPriyarbs;RBHys RBHys )anfVay cgðan;dl;RBHGgÁ qan;rYcRBHbrmsaRsþa RTg;sMEdgFmµeTsna GMBI GnubBu kVI fa[sþab; sMerc)annUvesatabtþpi l rYcfVayxønÜ Ca])asika dl;nvU éRtsrNKmn_+ esµICvI ti kñgú kalenaHEdr . eRkaymksMLaj;RBHysetß RBHysetßr4nak;)anB¤fa yskulbuRt RBHyse ecjsagpñÜs k¾naMKñaeTAkan;sMNak;RBHys²k¾ RBHys naMsMLaj;TaMg4eTA RBHys Kal;RBHbrmRKUehIyTUltamdMeNIr . RBHGgÁks¾ EM dgFmµeTsna TUnaµ nGñkTaMg4 edaynUvGnubBu IkV fa sMEdgcb; kulbuRtTaMg4 k¾smU bBVCa¢ ]bsm,Ta RBHGgÁkR¾ bTantamsMNUmBr . lMdab;mkk¾man RKhsß50nak; CasMLaj;rbs;RBHys ;RBHysEdr M gw fa RBHys RBH ys )anB¤dN bYskñgú sMNak;RBHbrmsasþaehIy k¾bbYlKñaeTACYbRBHys²k¾ RBHys naMBkY eKeTAKal;RBHd¾manRBHPaK²k¾sEM dgGnubBu kVI fa [GñkTaMgenaHsþab; rYcehIyk¾sUmbBVC¢a]bsm,Ta RBHGgÁ)anRbTantamR)afña eXIjcitþ rbs;BYkeKmannisS½yRCHføaehIy RTg;k¾cab;sMEdgFmµeTsnaGMBI Griysc©³TaMg4[sþab; Edlsc©³nImY y²RtUvRbtibtþiRbkbeday 42

jaN3 Kwsc©jaN1 kic©jaN1 ktjaN1 dUckalsMEdgeR)as bBa©vKÁIy_Edr RBHefrTaMg54GgÁk¾rYccakGs;eTAnUvGasv³ man RBHGrhnþsmµasm<Tú §KrM b;61GgÁ kñgú kalenaHmk . 3 CMBkU TI3 RBHsmµasm<úT§yagRbkassasna kalmanRBHGrhnþ61GgÁehIy RBHbrmRKURTg;cat;[eTA Rbkassasnakñgú TisepSg² . munnwgecjeTARBHGgÁ)anTUnaµ nGrhnþ TaMg60GgÁfa {mñal PikTçú aMgLay tfaKtrYccakGnÞak;TaMgBYgGs; ehIy eTvtanigmnusSTaMgLayEdlmankñgú elakenH GñkcUrRtac;eTA kan;carik edIm,I edaH[ rYcGnÞak;pgcuH cUrGñksMEdgFmµeTsna Edltfa Kt)ansMEdgehIy [)anBieraHbTedIm bTkNþal bTcug EtkuMeTApøvÚ mYyKñaBIrnak;eLIy . lMdab;enaHRBHbrmRKURTg;yageTAkan;]ruevlniKm EdnmKFr dæ yagdl;Bak;kNþalpøvÚ Rtg;éRBkb,asikv½n k¾)anCYbnwgkumar30nak; RTg;sEM dgGnubBu kVI fa [kumarTaMg30nak;saþ b;²rYc k¾smU bBVCa¢nig ]bsm,Ta RBHGgÁkR¾ bTanÉhiPki çú dl;kumar30nak;kgñú éRBkb,as sikv½nenaH . RBHGgÁyageTA]ruevlRbeTsenH R)afñanwgeR)asRBH)aT Bim<isar EtedaysarenATIenaH manEtRBHraCamYyGgÁTTYlsÁal; 43

RBHGgÁCasa®sþacarü ÉBYkRBahµN_ esdæI m®nþIÉeTot TTYlsÁal;Et ksSb b¤CdilepSg² faCaRKUrbs;eKGs;ehIy eTIbRTg;yageTA eR)asCdil3nak;Camunsin . kñgú BiFeI R)asCdil]ruevlksSbenH RBHbrmRKU)ansMEdg)adiharü1500Ebb k¾]ruevlksSb enAEtrwg rUsfaxønÜ CaGrhnþdEdl eTIbRTg;manRBHBuTd§ kI afa ³ mñalCdilGñk BuEM mnCaGrhnþBei sseT emþck¾Rbkan;fa CaGrhnþBei sseTAvij . ]ruevlksSbxøbxøac rYck¾sUmbBVCa¢ ]bsm,Ta RBHbrmRKUkR¾ bTan bBVCa¢ ]bsm,Tadl;]ruevlksSb RBmTaMgsisS500nak; CaÉhiPki çú naeBlenaH ehIyBYkeKk¾e)aHbrikaç rEdlxønÜ Føab;eKarBbUCaecaleTAkñgú sÞgw . eBlb¥nÚ nTIksSb mansisS300nak; nigKyaksSb mansisS200nak; EdlRtUvCab¥nÚ rbs;]ruevlksSb eXIjbrikaç rrbs;bgGENþt tamTwk k¾tameTAsYr)andwgehtukarN_ehIy k¾smU pñsÜ BIRBHbrmRKU RTg;kR¾ bTan bBVCa¢ ]bsm,Tadl;CdilTaMgenaH CaÉhiPki nçú akalenaHEdr. lMdab;mk RBHbrmRKU)ansMEdgFmµeTsna eR)asCdil TaMg 1003 nak; . edayRTg; eQVgyl;GBM ]I bnisS½yrbs;Cdil EdlCaGñkbUCa ePøgI eq¥Irkiels RTg;RBHcinaþ sMEdgFmµeTsna nUvsURtNaeTIbRsbeTA nwgcritCdil EdlCaGñkFøab;snSMxagkic©beM rIePøgI enaH sURtenaHman eQµaH GaTitþ briyaysURt . nasm½yenaHRBHbrmRKURTg;Kg;enA KyasIsRbeTs CitsÞgw eQµaHKya CamYynwgPikçúmYyBan;GgÁ eTIbRTg;sEM dgfa ³ vtßú 44

TaMgBYgCarbs;ekþAya:gdUcemþc ? ekþAenaHKW ³ EPñkrUb Rtecoksemøg RcmuHkøni GNþatrs kayepadæBV³ citFþ mµaGarmµN_Carbs;ekþA . ekþAeRBaH raK³CaePøgI ekþAeRBaHeTas³Ca ePøgI ekþáAeRBaHemah³CaePøgI ekþAedayesckþeI kIt cas;RKaMRKa nig esckþsI aø b; ekþAedayesckþIesak xSwkxSÜl esckþTI ku kç ñúgkayesckþTI ku ç kñgú citþ esckþIceg¥otcg¥l;kgñú citþ . kalPikúçTaMg1003GgÁ )ansþab;ehIy yl;c,as;eXIjc,as; y:agenHEdr k¾enOyNaykñgú bBa©knç § ekItesckþRI CHføa ElgCab;CBM ak; BIEPñk BIrUb BIvBi aØaN EdlGaRs½ynwgEPñk BIsmösS EdlGaRs½y nwgEPñk TaMgkñgú Rtecok TaMgkñgú semøg>>>>>>>>>>>kalebIenOyNay y:agenHeTIb k¾R)ascakteRmk citkþ ¾cakputRsLHGs;nvU Gasv³ jaN KWbBaØa eXIjc,as; k¾ekItR)akdeLIgfa citrþ bs;GatµaGj putRsLHcak Gasv³ehIy citkþ E¾ lgRbkan;maMfa Carbs;xnøÜ farbs;eyIgeTot . luHsMEdgcb;CdilTaMgGs; k¾)ansMercGrhtþplnaeBlenaH . lMdab;mkeTIbRBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;yageTAeR)asRBH)aT Bim<isar nay]TüaneXIj k¾eTARkabfVayRBHraCa RBHmhakSRtRTg; RCabehIy k¾yagecjBInKr¬Rkug¦ mYyGenøeI dayRBahµN_ nigKhbtI 12mWnu nak;eTAkan;]Tüan dl;ehIyfVaybgÁM esþcKg;kgñú TIds¾ mKYr cMENkRBahµN_ nigKhbtIBkY xøH fVaybgÁeM hIy k¾manbrivti káfa RBH mhasmN³RbRBwtþRBhµcriy³kñúgsMNak;]ruevlksSb³ b¤]ruevl ksSb³RbRBwtRþ Bhµcriy³kñgú sMNak;RBHmhasmN³ GñkNaRbesIr CagGñkNa? . RBHmhakruNaRTg;RCabcitvþ ar³edayjaNRBHGgÁ eTIbmanRBHBuTd§ kI anwg]ruevlksSb³ [kat;esckþsI gS½y. ]ruevlksSb³ 45

k¾ehaHeLIgeTAelIGakas ehIycuHmkfVaybgÁRM BHbrmsasþaGs;var³ 7dg eTIbbnøvW acafa{RBHBuTs§ mNeKatm CabrmRKUkgñú elakCaRKU rbs;´ ´Casavkrbs;RBHGgÁ} . RBHGgÁk¾elIkykmhanarTCatk CaGtItniTanmksMEdg RBH)aT Bim<isarRBmTaMgRBahµN_ nigKhbtI11mWnu nak;)ansMercesatabtþpi l. RBahµN_ nig KhbtI1mWunnak;eTot )ansßti kñgú éRtsrNKmn_ eday RTg;sEM dgfa ³ kalBIGtItmanRBHraCamYyGgÁRBHnam GgÁti esayraCü enAkñgú Rkugmifila manbuRtIRBHnamruca CaRsIbribUNe’ daybBaØa man viCy½ Gamatü sunamGamatü nigGlatGamatü CaBYkmicaä Tidæi Rbtibtþi tamlT§iGaeclk¾ manRKUeQµaHKuN³ . esnabtIEdlCaGñkR)aCJTaMg3 kalebIRBHraCasYrfa GVeI TIbrugerOg CaesckþIeRtkGr GlatGamatü k¾eqøyI fa sUmRTg;eFVsI RgÁamvayykRbeTsdéTdak;CacMNHu eTIbrug erOgCaesckþeI RtkGr . sunamGamatü CaGñkmincUlcitsþ ®gÁam k¾eqøyI fa ³ karraM eRcog RbKMdu rU üt®nþI man)ayTwk mðÚb Rsa cMNbI Eg¥m RbkbedaynUvkamTaMgLay CaTIseRmIbcitþ eTIbCakarrugerOgeRtkGr . ÉviCy½ Gamatü RkabTUlfa sUmRBHGgÁEsVgrksmN³RBahµN_CaGñk R)aCJ dwgnUvRbeyaCn_énFm’Bti Fm’mni Bit ykmkBicarNaTukCakar RbRBwtxþ agsucrit edIm,IesckþcI eM rIn kic©GPivDÆn_ esckþsI xu kñgú elak enH nigelakxagmux eTIbCakarrugerOg KYrdl;nvU esckþeI RtkGr . RBH)aTGgÁti sþab;ehIyBicarNa k¾sBVRBHraChb¤T½ycMeBaHKti rbs;vCi y½ Gamatü EtGlatGamatü k¾eqøótsresIrKuNsm,tþirbs;RKU xønÜ eQµaH KuNksSbeKaRtenaHfa CaGeclk¾ mankayGaRkat eRBaH minR)afñaBIman)an BIekrþ×eQµaH . RBHraCaRTg;RBHsNþab;ehIyk¾yag 46

eTAkan;sN M ak;Geclk¾enaHPøam dl;ehIyeTIbsYrnUvGtß nigFm’fa ³bBiRtksSb mnusSeyIg Kb,IRbRBwtcþ eM BaHmatabita RKUGacarü sVamI Priya mnusScas; smNRBahµN_ cMeBaHBYkBl GñkCnbTya:gNa etIRtUvRbRBwtdþ cU emþc eTIblHelakenH GaceTAkan;sKu ti)an ÉBYkxøH zitenAkñgú Fm’dcU emþcEdr eTIb)anCaFøak;nrk? . GaCIvkeQµaHKuN k¾TuUlfVayRBHmharaCtamTsSn³sasnarbs; xønÜ fa³ pll¥ plGaRkk;rbs;kmµ¬GMeBI kargar¦minmaneT brelak k¾mni manEdr CIdnU CIta matabita RKUGacarü k¾mni manKuNEdr eRBaHfa stVTaMgLaytCab;Kña eRbobdUcTUktUcCab;TkU FM rsat;eTAtamExSTwk buKÁlEdleKrab;Ganfa CamnusSTUnaµ n)an mannisS½yvasnal¥ k¾va CamnusS)anbTRsab;²mkeT . dUecñHRKUGacarüsnµtfa CaGñkman KuNRtg;Na? rbs;EdlxønÜ mansiT§Gi N M acRtUv)an KWRtUvEt)anmk etIplénbuNüTanenAkñgú brelaknwgmanmkBINa ? TanKWBkY Cn BalmanR)aCJaeTetI bBaØtmþ k BYkCnBalmanR)aCJaenaH caMEtTTYl yk CnBalmYyBYkeTot\tR)aCJa \tGMNack¾sKM al;xnøÜ fa bNÐti rEmg[Tandl;Gkñ R)aCJTaMgLay . GaCIvkeQµaHKuN ¬niRKnßGnütßri yßI _ehAfaGaCIvk ÉBuTs§ asna ehAfabBVCti ¦ BN’nanUvTanminmanplehIy k¾BN’na)abminman plfa ³ Twk dI ePøIg xül; sux Tukç nigCivti CasPav³eTog Gñksmøab;nvU BYkeTogTaMg7enH min)abeT eTaHbIbKu ÁlNaykecjnUv k,alénCndéTecjedaydav BYkeTogTaMgenaH KWdeI nACadI TwkenACa 47

Twkxül;enACaxül; sux Tukç nigCIvti sÞHú eTAkan;Gakas buKÁleTaHbI sRgYm eTaHbIRbRBwtþle¥ RcIn ebImni Tan;dl;kN M t;eT k¾mni brisTu E§ dr TukCa)abk¾mni knøghYsxN³enaHEdr dUcCasaKrminknøghYsRcaMg dUecñH . GlatesnabtIeBjcitþnwgvaTrbs;GaCIvkeQµaHKuN k¾eqøIyeLIg fa³´dwgCati BIedIméQµaH biglá ³ Føab;smøab;eKaRkbICaeRcIn EtCati enH)anCaesnabtIds¾ kþú sþmÖ . lMdab;enaHviCkburskMst;CaéKenA Ek,renaH )anB¤ehIyk¾yM RBHraCasYr k¾eqøyI fa ³ ´k¾CamnusSdwgCati Edr CaesdækI alBICatimnu Etg[Ptþ EtgrkSa]e)asfsIl GMeBITaMg Gs;Bti Ca\tplesaH eRBaHbc©bú ,nñCatienH ĆamnusSrhamBMeu XIj TVarsMrab;eTAkan;sKu tiesaH )anCayM . RBHraCaRtas;fa³ {mñalviCkTas TVarénsuKtiPB minmaneT sux Tukç Carbs;eTog EdlstVRtUvEt)an>>>} manRBHraC»gáarehIyk¾yag RtLb;vilvij . lMdab;enaHRBHnagruca cUleTAKal;RBHbitaR)afñanwgsUmRBHraCRTBü eFVnI vU Tandl;sµÚmd¾RbesIr EdlnagFøab;eFVI RBHbitaminRBm[ ehIy Rtas;tamvaTrbs;GaCIvkKuN nigviCkTas³ [raCFItasþab; . RBHnagruca k¾eBalnwgRBHbitafa GlatesnabtI nigviCkvegVg cuHÉ RBHGgÁvegVgGVIEdr RbsinebImnusSbrisTu É§ gedaysMsar cuHGaCIvkKuNcaM bYseFVGI VI dUecñHpñsÜ énGeclk¾ k¾\tRbeyaCn_Edr KWBti CaGñkvegVgeday emah³ dl;fañ k;GaRkatkay\txµas dUckNþbÚ cUlePøgI mindwgekþA . buKÁlvegVgesBKb;ngw buKÁlvegVg rEmgdl;esckþvI egVgd¾elIslb;ya:g dUecñH . GlatesnabtI )aneFVIbN u ükñgú kalmun eTIb)anesckþsI xu kñgú 48

eBlenH buNüenHCitGs;ehIy eTIb)anCaKat;eRtkGrkñgú Gkuslkmµ edIreTAtampøvÚ evocvij . rIÉviCk³ Ca´bMerIeKenaH )ansnSMbuNü sUm,IEtbnþicmþg² kalR)afña sYK¬’ suKti¦eRtkGrkñgú kuslkmµ k¾manpll¥dcU ya:gCatimnu )andl; nUvPaBCaesdæeI naH eRBaH)abKat;Gs; )anCaeRtkGrkñúgviny½ . É)abNa EdlviCk³)aneFVIehIy kalCatimnu enaH eTIbKat;)anTTYlTukeç naHna CatienH . RBHnagruca)andMNalBICatiTaMgLay EdlRBHnagrlwk)anBI GtItnigeTACatixagmuxpg edaybBa¢ak;GHGag BIplénkuslkmµ nigGkusl kmµEdlRBHnag)anesaykñgú CatinmI yY ² RBHbitasresIrfa RBHnag sMEdg)anBIeraHNas; EtRBHraCa k¾mni RBmlHnUvkaryl;xus eXIjxus enaHesaH . RKaenaHmhaRBhµeQµaHnarT³ k¾tEM NgxønÜ Ca\sI enAcMeBaHmux RBH)aTGgÁt²i mankartk;støú eRkakcakGasn³ ehIyRtas;srY GMBI nam nigeKaRtfa etIbT£ §irbs;elak manedaysarehtuG?VI mhanarTRBhµeqøyI fa ³ sc©³ KWesckþeI TogsMdI Fmµ³KWesckþI sucrit3 Qan1 TmPaBKWkarGb;rTM nU aµ n\®nÞyI _1 caK³KWkalHkiels nigeTyüFm’1 Gatµa)ansnSM nigbdibtþri cY ehIy eTIbGatµamanb£T§i KW mansnÞHú citþ eTAtamR)afñaenaH . RBH)aTGgÁti k¾Rtas;sYrdUckalRtas; sYrGaCIvkKuN CaGeclk_ mhanarTRBhµeqøIyfa ³ brelakman eTvtaman KuNmatabitaman b:Eu nþBkY CnCab;CBM ak;kgñú kamKuNTaMg Lay KWCaGñkvegVg¬emah³¦ rEmgmindwgnUvbrelakeLIy . 49

RBHraCatbvijfa ³ ebIelakfa lMenAénCnEdlsøab;eTAman kñgú brelakEmn sUmelak[R)ak;500khabN³ dl;´x©kI gñú elakenH ´nwgsgelakvijnUvkhabN³1Ban;kgñú brelakÉenaH . mhanarT RBhµke¾ qøyI fa³ ebIGatµadwgfaRBHGgÁCamnusSmansIl GatµaPaBxøac GIngw fVaykhabN³500\LÚvenH b:Eu nþebIRBHGgÁCamnusSGaRkk; emø:H manTsSn³yl;xsu muxCaFøak;eTAnrk etI[GñkNaeTATarR)ak; ÉnrkenaHekIt . sUm,IkñúgelakenH buKlÁ CamnusSGaRkk; CaGñkx¢li RcGUs mankargarGaRkk; manmaryaTlamk k¾eKmin[buKlÁ enaH bulRTBüEdr eRBaHkarTar)anRTBürbs;xnøÜ mkvij BIbKu lÁ EbbenH minmaneLIy . RBHmhanarTRBhµ k¾erobrab;bEnßmGMBkI aresayplCanrk nUv GMeBI)abkmµ rbs;bKu lÁ RbRBwtGþ eM BIlamk mankarRbRBwtxþ su kñgú kam CaedIm [RBH)aTGgÁtisþab;²nUvnirykfa RTg;k¾manRBHhb£T½y tk;støú cMeBaHGMeBI)abd¾lamk EdlRBHGgÁ)aneFVeI hIy k¾TlU sUmRBH mhanarTCaTIBgw R)ab;nvU pøvÚ eTArkesckþIbrisTu v§ ij edIm,Ik[Mu Føak; eTAkñgú nrkenaHeLIy . RBHmhanarTRBhµkR¾ )ab;fa³ bBiRtRBHGgÁCaFMelIEdndI cUrRTg; evorcakGFm’¬karRbRBwtþbBM anc,ab;¦ehIyRbRBwtnþ vU Fm’vij . müa:g sUmRBHGgÁcat;raCburs ¬m®nþ¦I EdlmancMNGI ahar nigGV²I RKb;RKan; ehIyenaH [eXasna ³ nrNaXøaneRsk nrNacg;)ankRmgpáa 50

nigeRKOglab nrNaGaRkk;cg;esøókBak;dNþb; cg;)aMgq½RtedIrtam pøvÚ cg;)anEs,keCIgd¾Tn;l¥ GñkTaMgGs;cUlmkykcuH¡ . sUmRBHGgÁkTMu wmstVBahn³cas;²dUcmuneTot stVBahn³Naman kmøagM eFV]I bkar³dl;RBHGgÁ sUmRBHraCTannUvkarpÁt;pgÁ ;pg . sUmRBH GgÁsKM al;RBHkayrbs;RBHGgÁenHTukdUcCarf mancitTþ ku dUcCanay sarfI mankarminebotebon TukdUcCaePøA mankarEckrMElkTan¬edaH RsayesckþTI TI l;Rkrbs;Cnkñgú Edn¦ TukdUcCapÞrú ¬dMblU rf¦ mankar sRgYmeCIg TukeRbobdUcCaxñgkg; mankarsRgYmédCaRtBg man karsRgYmépÞ¬épÞmxu ¦ TukdUcCaeRbglab mankarsRgYmvacaTukdUcCa sUrminlan;B¤ manBaküBit CaGgÁénrfd¾bribN U ’ mankarminjúHjg; Kña TukdUcCadMNab;d¾Citl¥ manvacaBIeraHTukdUcCaGgÁénrfmin maneTas mankareBalRtUvRbmaNCaeRKOgcg mankarbnÞan;bnÞab nigGBa¢lkI mµTku CakarTUt mankarminrwgt¥gw eRbobdUcCaExScenÞal mankarsRgYmtamRtNmrbs;sIlsikçabT¬Rkitüviny½ ¦TukdUcCaRB½Rt RCam . mankarmineRkaF CakarminsNþkregÁaH mansucritFm’Caq½Rt s manBhusc©³CaExScenÞal mancittþ aMgenAdwgTukCç aGasn³ mankar dwgkal CaeQIxøwmd¾vci Ri t manesckþeI køóvkøaCaCnÞl; mankarminemIl gay Canwmd¾Rsal mancitmþ ni rYjra TukdUcCakRmal mankaresB Kb;GñkcMerInedayR)aCJa TukdUcCaGem,as manstiTukdUcCaCnøÜj manesckþBI üayammaM TukdUcCaExSbr . citEþ dlTUnaµ n)anl¥ehIyya:genH rEmgeTAkan;pvøÚ Rtg; eRbobdUc esH EdlnaysarfIhkVw hVnW )anl¥ehIy rEmgGUsrfeTAkan;pvÚø Rtg; ya:gNamij eRBaHesckþeI laPCapøvÚ xus ÉkarsRgYmCapøvÚ Rtg; . 51

bBiRtmharaC ¡ kalebIrf KWnamkay¬ectsik¦ rbs;RBHGgÁRbkb edaynUvkuslFm’ sÞHú eTAkñgú rUb semøg køni rs epadæB³V eRbobdUc citþEdl)anhVwkhVWnehIy rEmgsÞúHeTArkpøÚvRtg;vij . bBiRtRBH mharaC¡ RbsinebI)anCiHelIyan KWnamkayRbkbedaylkçN³l¥ RKb;RKan;ya:genH karbgðrÚ esckþRI )afñaRKb;ya:g k¾Kg;ekItman)an stVmni eTAkan;nrkCadac;xat . RBHmhanarTRBhµ RTg;sEM dgFmµeTsnaTmøak;mci aä Tidræi bs;RBH raCaya:genH jaMugRBHraCa[enAkñúgsIlehIy rYcRTg;TUnµanRBH raCabnþeTotfa ³ taMgBIéf¶enHeTA sUmRBHGgÁlHbg;)abmiRtecal cUleTACitklüaNmiRt sUmkMRu bEhsGs;kalCanic© RBHmhanarT³ k¾)anekatsresIrKuNrbs;raCFItaruca rYck¾RTg;laRtLb;eTAkan;RBhµ elakvij . bnÞab;mkRBH)aTBim<si arRTg;GgÁasxaTniyePaCniy fVayRBHPikçú sgÇ manRBHBuTC§ aRbFan rYck¾cat;Ecg[ksagGaramenAkñgú ]Tüan evLúvn½ fVaycMeBaHRBHGgÁ RTg;kG¾ nuBaØatGaramdl;Pki sçú gÇ cab;BI eBlenaHmk .

GKÁsavksnñ)i at kalRBHd¾manRBHPaK Kg;enAvtþevLúvn½ EdlRBH)aTBims<i ar RbTanenaH RTg;)anTTYlsarIbRu t emaKÁlaø n RBmTaMgbrivar250nak; [cUlbYskñgú sMNak;RBHGgÁ . 52

sarIbRu t KWknU rbs;RBahµN_ CaemtMbn;eQµaHvgÁn³þ kñgú Rsuk nalk³ CitRkugraCRKwH mataeQµaHsarI . sarIbRu t namedImeQµaH ]btisS eRkaymkeTIbehAtamnammatafa sarIbRu tvij . sarIbRu t enHmansMLaj;mañ k;eQµaHekalit CabuRtrbs;ekasik³ mataeQµaH emaKÁlI eRkaymkeTIbehAfa emaKÁlaø n GñkTaMgBIr)anbbYlKñaeTAbYs kñgú sMNak;sBa¢y½ briBaV Ck . kalebIski Sacb;éRtevTkñgú sMNak; emlT§ei nH EsVgrkFm’dl;nvU TIbpM tu énTukmç ni eXIj k¾snüanwgKñafa³ebI GñkNasMerc)anemakçFm’mnu RtUvsMEdgR)ab;Kañ eTAvijeTAmk . eBlmYyenaH]btisS cUleTAkñgú RkugraCRKwH )aneXIjRBHGsSCietßr ¬kñgú cMeNambBa©vKÁyI _¦ kMBgu nimnþedIrbiN)Ð at RbkbedayRBHPRkþprU pg;criyarmüTm k¾cab;GarmµN_fa RbEhlGñkenH)ansMercFm’GVImyY minxan rYcedIrtameRkaydl;TsI a¶ t;ks¾ rY fa ³ bBiRtelakd¾manGayu ¡ \®nÞyI _Rss;bs; sm,úrs¥atpUrpg;ya:genH etIelakbYskñgú sMNak;Gkñ Na¡ RBHGsSCieqøyI fa ³ mñalGavuesa ´bYskñgú sMNak;mhasmN³ mYyRBHGgÁ CasakübuRt ecjcakRtkUl RTg;psñÜ CaRKUrbs;´ . cuH RKUrbs;elakm©as;sEM dgnUvFm’dcU emþc? RBHGsSCietßrk¾eBalnUvFm’d¾ xøfI a ³ Fm’TaMgLayNaekItBIehtu RBHtfaKtRTg;RCabnUvehtuén Fm’enaH ehIyRTg;ecHnUv])ay rMlt;nUvehtuTaMgLayenaHpg RBH mhasmN³rbs;´manvaTya:genHCaRbRktI . sarIbRu t )ansþab; FmµbriyayenHehIy k¾)anFmµckçú sMercesatabtþpi l R)ascak mnÞli eRBaHlHbg;nUvvicki ci aä 1 skayTid1æi nigsIlBVtbramas1 . 53

sarIbRu t eTArkemaKÁlaø n CasMLaj;erobrab;R)ab;tamdMeNIr erOg emaKÁlaø n sþab;ehIyk¾seM rcFmµckçEú dr . GñkTaMgBIrmanR)afña eTAkan;sN M ak;RBHd¾manRbPaK k¾naMKañ eTAerobrab;R)ab;sBa¢y½ briBaV Ck CaemlT§ni vU bMNgR)afñarbs;xønÜ sin EtsBa¢y½ minyl;RBmTal; EtesaH EtsarIbtu þ nigemaKÁlaø n k¾bgçcM ti nþ aMbriBaV CkTaMg250nak; eTAkan;RBHd¾manRbPaK EdlkMBgu Kg;enAvtþevLúvn½ enaH ÉsBa©y½ eXIjdUecñH eTamnsS QWcti rþ hUtk¥tÜ Qam . RBHbrmsasþa eXIjGñkTaMgBIredIrlwm² mkBIcm¶ayk¾R)ab; savkfa ³{ GñkTaMgBIrEdlkMBgu edIrmkenaH nwg)anCaGKÁsavkd¾ RbesIr rbs;tfaKtnaGnaKt } . bYs)an7éf¶ RBHemaKÁlaø netßr sMerc)anGrhtþpl eday)ansþab; FmµeTsnarbs;RBHGgÁ sþGI BM I Fatukmµdæan enARsuk kaløvaLRKam na EdnmKFrdæ . ÉRBHsarIbRu tbYsknøgeTA)anknøHEx enAeBlEdlRBH brmRKUKg;enAkñgú Kuha sUkrxata naPñKM Ci ÄkUd kMBgu sMEdg FmµeTsna sþGI BM eI vTnabriKhÁ sURt eR)asTIXnxbriBaVCk RtUvCakµyÜ rbs;xønÜ eBlenaHsarIbRu tkMBgu GgÁyú bk;ptøi fVayRBHGgÁpg p©g;saµ rtIsaþ b;pg k¾)ansMercGrhtþpl edayRTg;)ansMEdgfa ³ mñalTIXnx evTnaenH manbIRbkarKW suxevTna1 Tukeç vTna1 GTukmç suxevTna1 . buKlÁ TTYlsuxevTna minTTYlTukeç vTna minTTYlGTukmç suxevTna eLIy KWTTYlEtsuxevTna . mñalTIXnx suxevTnakþI Tukeç vTnakþI GTukmç suxevTnakþI Carbs;mni eTog Carbs;Edlsgçartak;EtgeLIgehIyman kiryi akøayeTA TaMgmankiriyarlt;eTAvijCaFmµta . mñal TIXnx¡ Griy 54

savk Gñksþab;)anehIy kaleXIjc,as;ehIyya:genH rEmgenOy Nay caksuxevTnapg cakTukeç vTna cakGTukmç suxevTnapg .kal ebIenOyNayehIy rEmgR)ascakteRmk eRBaHehtuR)ascakteRmk citrþ EmgrYccakkiels kalcitrþ cY cakkielsehIy jaN ¬bBaØa ¦ k¾ ekIteLIgdwgc,as;fa citrþ cY RsLHehIy dwgc,as;fa CatiGs;ehIy kic©déT eRkABIenHminmaneLIy . PikEçú dlmancitrþ cY RsLHya:genH rEmgminniyaypSMngw GñkNa² minniyayTTwgTas;ngw GñkNa vacaNaEdleKniyayehIykñgú elak k¾eBaleTAtamvacaenaH Etmin)ansÞabGEg¥l ¬edayTidæi ¦ . kalebIsarI sarIbRu tkM t Bgu BicarNanUvFm’BkY enaH EdlRBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;sEM dgeR)asTITIXnx [lHbg; edaykareRbIR)aCJad¾éRkElg Rsab;Etcitþrbs;sarI sarIbRu t k¾ptu RsLHcakGasv³TaMgLay eRBaHmin Rbkan;maM edayRbkardUecñaH . ÉFmµckçEú dlR)ascakFUlI R)ascak mnÞli k¾ekIteLIgdl;TITXI nx faFmµCatiGVImyY manesckþeI kIteLIgCa Fmµta FmµCatiTaMgGs;enaH k¾rEmgrlt;eTAvijCaFmµta ¬su > PaKTI 24 TM > 48 ¦ . kalebIelakTaMgBIr )ansMercGrhtþplehIy RBHbrmsasþa RTg;ebIksavksnñ)i atenAvtþevLúvn½ edaymanRBHGrhnþcnM nY 1>250 GgÁclU rYm . RBHGgÁ)antaMgRBHsarIbRu t CaGKÁsavksþaM RBHemaKÁ løan CaGKÁsavkeqVg naéf¶eBjbUN ’ mI ExmaX qñaMrka eRkayeBl RBHd¾manRBHPaK Rtas;dgw )an9Ex . 55

na»kascturgÁsnñ)i atenH RBHbrmRKURTg;sEM dg»vaT)atiemakç Kafa11Rbkardl;GrhnþTaMg 1>250GgÁrmY manKW ³ 1> sBV)absS GkrNM karmineFVGI eM BI)abTaMgBYg 2> kuslsSÚbsm,Ta karbMeBjkusl[bribN U ’ 3> scitbþ rieyaTbnM karjaugM cit[þ brisTu pæ Urpg; 4> xnþI brmM te)a tItki aç esckþGI t;Fn; CatbFm’d]¾ tþm 5> niBaVnM brmM vTnþi BuTaæ RBHBuTTæ aMgLaysMEdgfaRBH niBaVnCaFm’]tþm 6> nhi bBVCei ta brUbXatI smeNa ehati brM viehf yenþa buKÁlsmøab;stV mineQµaHfabBVCti buKÁlebot ebonstV mineQµaHfa smN³eLIy . 7> GnUbvaeTa GnUbXaeta karmineBaltiHedol karmin ebotebonGñkdéT . 8> )atiemaekç c sMvera³ karsRgYmkñgú )atiemakç 9> mtþBaútØ a c Ptþs³µw Pav³CaGñkdwgRbmaNkñgú Ptþ 10> bnþBa¢synasnM TIedk TIGgÁyú d¾sa¶ t; 11> GFicei tþ c GaeyaeKa karbMeBjBüayamkñgú GFicti þ manesckþdI N M alfa ³ kalebIGKÁsavkTaMgBIr nigRBHefrTaMgLay )ansMercRBHGrhnþehIy RBHbrmRKURTg;ehaHeTAtamGakas ecjBIPñM KiCÇkUd eTARbtisaæ nenAÉvtþevLúvn½ RBHefrCaGrhnþ ÉhiPki Tçú aMgGs; suTCæ aGñk)anGPiBaØ6 )anRCabesckþI k¾ehaHeTAtamGakas Rbtisaæ n 56

enAvtþevLúvn½ Edr naéf¶15ekIt ExmaXenaH eday\t)ac;manGñkNa nimnþeLIy . karCYbkñgú sm½yenaH RbkbedayGgÁ4 eTIb GKÁsavk snñ)i atenH ehAfa cturgÁsnñ)i atk¾)an rYmman ³ 1> éf¶ 15 ekIt Ex maX 2> Pikçú 1250 rUb Rsab;EtmkRbCuKM añ \tmannrNanimnþeLIy 3> PikTçú aMgGm,alenaH suTE§ tCaRBHGrhnþ)anGPiBaØa6 4> PikTçú aMgGs;sTu E§ tCaÉhiPki çú 3

CMBUkTI4 RBHBuT§yageTARkugkbilBsþú eR)asRBHjativgS 3 R)arB§eFVcI turgÁsnñ)i atrYc RBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;Kg;enAkñgú vtþ evLúvn½ eTobRkugraCRKwHenaH RBH)aTsusueT§aTn³ Tn³RCabdMNgw ehIyRTg; k¾cat;GamatüGs;var³9dg kñgú mYydg² naMbrivarmYyBan;nak; edIm,I[ eTAnimnþRBHsasþa . kalCYbRBHd¾manRBHPaKehIy RTg;sEM dgFmµ eTsna luHcb;kgñú mYyelIk² GamatüRBmTaMgbrivar sMerc)anGrhtþ pl k¾ePøc min)anTUlBakübNþarM bs;RBHraCaeLIy KWsTu E§ tenA es¶ómTaMgGs; . cugeRkayRBH)aTsusueT§aTn³ aTn³ RTg;Rtas;eRbIkaLú kaLúTay aTn ayI Gamatü [eTAnimnþRBHbrmsasþamþg EtkaLú kaLúTayI ayI sUmRBHraCa GnuBaØat[bYs RBHmharaCk¾yl;RBm . kalebIkaLú kaLTay kaL TaúTayI naM brivarmYyBan;nak; eTAdl;vtþevLú evLúvn½ )ansþab;FmµeTsna )ansMerc GrhtþplTaMgGs;Kña ehIysUmbBVC¢a nig]b,sm,Ta RBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;bbM sY CaÉhiPki çú eTIbkaLúTayI ayeI tßr RkabTUlRBHGgÁtambNþarM bs; RBH)aTsusueT§aTn³ Tn³ RTg;kT¾ TYlyl;RBm eFVeI sckþsI eRgÁaHdl;jati tam sMNmU Brrbs;RBHbita . RBHbrmRKU RBmedayPikCçú axINaRsB2mWnu GgÁ yagcakvtþ evLúvn½ naéf¶15ekIt ExplÁnú eTAkan;RkugkbilBsþú Kg;enAkñgú ]Tüan nieRKaF . eBlesþcsaküraCmanRBH)aTsueT§aTn³ Tn³ yagecjTTYl EtRbkan;xnøÜ fa cas;CagRBHGgÁ k¾mni fVaybgÁM RBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg; 58

RCabGFüaRs½y k¾)ansMEdg)adiharü nimµitTIcRgÁmEkv nigyagc®gámelI Gakas ehIynimtµi CaRBHBuTm§ yY GgÁeTot [edaHbBaðaEdlRTg;Rtas; sYr . RBHbitaTteXIj ekItbItei samnsSTb;mni )an k¾elIkhtß GBa¢lfI aV ybgÁM eTIbRBHbrmRKU yagcuHmkKg;elIGasn³vij . ePøóg e)akçBr½ S ¬ePøógmanGakar³dUcTwkdk;elIskøw QUk¦ k¾bg¥rú mkelIBkY jatikñgú TIRbCMuenaH . luHRBHGgÁR)arB§nvU ePøóge)akçrB½rScb; eTIbRTg; sMEdgmhaevsSnþrCatk eR)asRBHjativgS . RBwkEs¥keLIg RBHbrmsasþaRTg;Rtac;bN i )Ð at enAkñúgRkugkbil BsþCú amYynwgGrhnþ2mWnu GgÁCabrivar kñgú Pikçacarevla¬evlaRBwkedIr biN)Ð atrbs;RBHBuTT§ aMgLay¦ . mhaCnkñgú nKrk¾ep¥lI eTAemIl RBH nagBim<a B¤seM Lgekalahl k¾srY RsIbeM rI dwgehIyk¾ebIksIhbBa¢r ¬bg¥cÜ R)asaT¦ TtemIleXIj k¾støú RBHhb¤Ty½ TYjyM sÞHú eTARkab bgÁTM UlfVaydMNgw dl;RBH)aTsueT§aTn³ . RBHraCaRTg;RBHsNþab; ehIy k¾ekItsegVK rYcRTg;yageTAXat;RBHraCbuRtfa ³ »¡ RBHGyübutþ ¬buRtrbs;RtkUlx<g;x<s;¦ minKYrnwgedIrbiNÐ)atya:gdUecñHesaH . RBHd¾manRbPaKRTg;Rtas;tbfa³ karedIrbiN)Ð atenHCakicr© bs; RBHBuTR§ Kb;RBHGgÁ BMEu mnCakic©rbs;xtþyi vgSTaMgLayeT d,itfaRBH BuTT§ aMgLay rEmgciBa©mw CIvti edayPikaç carikvtþ ¬sNþab;Fañ b;rbs;Gkñ sUm edaysuPaBrabsa¦ eTIbRBHGgÁsEM dgFm’manbTfa ³ ]tiedæ nb,meC¢yü >>> Pikçúmni Kb,IRbmaTnUvdMGu amisEdlbuKÁl eRkakeLIgBI RBwk ehIyzitenAeTobTVarpÞHénbuKlÁ déTehIyTTYlykdMGu amisenaH . 59

enAéf¶T3I RBHbrmRKU RTg;sEM dgFmµeTsna eR)asRBHnag bCabtieKatmI CaRBHmatucaä [sßti enAkñgú esatabtþpi l ÉRBHvrbita kaleBlyageTAXat;RBHd¾manRBHPaKenaH eRkay)ansþab;FmµeTsna KWlH)ansMeyaCn³3¬esatabtþpi l¦ enAéf¶T3I enHsþab;FmµeTsnak¾ sßti enAkñgú skTaKamipl jaMgu [raK³ eTas³ emah³ enARsal esþgI )anmYykMrti EfmeTot . enAéf¶T4I bnÞab;BRI BHBuTb§ ti afVayyaKU nigPtþahardl;Pki sçú gÇ nigRBHBuTC§ am©as;rcY RBHraCak¾TlU rMlkw kalRBHGgÁkBM gu eFVTI ku árkiryi a enaHmaneTvtamYyGgÁ mknimµti R)ab;fa RBHraCbuRtminesayGahar Gs;6éf¶ ragkaysÁagM sÁm edkdYlelIEpndI eFVmI rNkaleTAehIy Et´RBHkruNamineCOeLIy . luHRBHbrmRKUseM rcPtþkci © rYcehIy RTg;ks¾ EM dgFmµeTsna GMBFI mµ)alCatk EdlkalCatienaH RBHGgÁ enACaRBHeBaFistVenAeLIy eBlenaHk¾manGacarümñak;)annaMykq¥gw BEB mkbgðajRBahµN_CaRBHbitarbs;Fmµ)al edayR)ab;fa buRt rbs;Gkñ )aneFVkI alkiriyaeTAehIy RBHbitarbs;Fmµ)alk¾mni eCO dUckal\LÚvenHEdr . edayeXIjfa buRtrbs;RBahµN_ KYrdl;nvU esckþsI aø b; Etminsøab; k¾srY GMBvI tþRbtibtþi RBhµcriy³rbs;RtkUl RBahµN_ . edaynUv)armIénbueBVnvi asanusStijaN RBHbrmRKUk¾rMlkw )anGMBCI atkenaH ehIyelIkykmksMEdgfVayRBHvrbita . Gacarü EdlnaMqg¥w BEBenaH )ansYrRBahµN_CabitaRBHFmµ)alfa ³ GVCI avtþ rbs;Gkñ GVCI aRBhµcriy³rbs;Gkñ enHCaplénsucritrbs;Fm’dcU emþc eTIbBYkCnenAekµgkñgú RtkUlGñkminsøab; . bitarbs;Fmµ)al)antb 60

fa³ BYkeyIgRbRBwtFþ m’ minniyaykuhk evornUvGMeBIdl¾ amk evor nUvGMeBImni RbesIrRKb;ya:g BYkeyIgsþab;Fm’rbs;Gsb,úrspg sb,ú rspg b:Eu nþBkY eyIgmineBjcitnþ gw Fm’rbs;BkY Gsb,úrseT BYkeyIg lHbg;Gsb,úrs minlHbg;sb,úrseT . BYkeyIgmancitlþ ¥ kñgú kal mun[ kalkMBgu [ k¾mancitþeRtkGr luH[ehIyminekþARkhaysþay eRkay>>> dl;smN³ sµÚmyack nigGñkkMst;edaynUv)ay Twk BYkeyIgminRbRBwtkþ nøgcitPþ riyaeT TaMgBYkPriyak¾mni RbRBwtkþ nøgcitþ eyIg . eyIgTaMgGs;Kañ evorcak)aNati)at evorcakGTinañ Tankñgú elak minpwkTwkRsvwg minniyaykuhk . kUnTaMgLayrbs;eyIgekItkñgú BYk RsþdI ]¾ tþm rEmgCaGñkR)aCJ manR)aCJaeRcInCaBhusSÚt dwgnUvevTeRBaH ehtuenHÉg eTIbBYkCnenAekµgkñgú RtkUleyIgminsøab; . Fm’rEmgrkSaGñkRbRBwtFþ m’edayBit Fm’EdlsnSMle¥ hIy rEmg naMsxu mk[ enHCaGanisgSkñgú Fm’EdlsnSMle¥ hIy buKlÁ GñkRbRBwtþ Fm’ rEmgmineTAkan;TKu Át>i >>>> eRbobdUcCaq½RtFMkarBarkñgú kalEdl ePøógFøak; Fmµ)alCabuRtrbs;eyIg Fm’RKb;RKgehIy q¥gw EdlGñk naMmkenH Caq¥gw stVdéT kumarCabuRtrbs;eyIgmanesckþsI xu enA eLIy . RBHbrmRKUsEM dgcb; RBHbitak¾seM rcGnaKamipllHsMeya Cn³ )an2eTot KWkamraK³1 bdiX³1 . RBHnagbCabtieKatmI nigRsIbeM rITaMgGs; GgÁyú sþab;Fm’enATIenaH )at;EtRBHnagBim<aeTvI eTIbRBHraCaeRbI nagebska RsIbMerI[eTA 61

GeBa¢jI RBHnagRTg;sNþab;ehIy RTg;RBHkEnSgyMesak ehIytbeTA nagebskafa nagmineTAKal;eT sUm[TUlRBHbitafa {Bim<asUm fVaybgÁsM øab;kgñú éf¶enH} . nagebskaRtLb;mkvij RkabbgÁMTlU RKb;Rbkar RBH)aTsueT§aTn³ RTg;TlU RBHsm<Tú § [RTg;RCabGMBKI N u rbs;nagRKb;Rbkar . RBH raCaRTg;GaraFnanimnþRBHGgÁ [yageTAkan;nei vsn_rbs;RBHnag Bim<a. RBHd¾manRBHPaKyl;RBm edayRTg;RBHbrivti ká³fa ebIRBHGgÁ minyageTAeT RBHnagBimaç nwgEbkhb¤Ty½ kS½yBitkñgú éf¶enH . RBH brmRKURbKl;)aRtfVayRBHbita [esþcyageTAtampg RBmTaMg GKÁsavkTaMgBIrGgÁ . yageTAdl; RBHnagTteXIj k¾brieTvnakar ¬yMesak¦ cUleTA rYcykRBHeksaRTRBH)aTa esakaya:gxøagM RBH brmRKUmanRBHBuTd§ kI anwgRBHvrbitafa ³ bBiRtmharaC¡ RBHnagBim<a yesaFra manciteþ sñhacMeBaHtfaKtnaeBlenH minCaGs©arü dUc kalBICatimnu nagekItCastVkni rñ eI naHeT nagmanciteþ sñhaelIkni ñr elIsenH . RBHbrmRKU k¾rlwkedaynUvbueBVnvi asanusStijaN elIkykcnÞkinñrI CatkmksMEdgfa ³ kaleNaHRTg;mankMeNItCacnÞkni rñ bkSI ÉRBH nagBim<aCacnÞkni rñ I . cnÞkni rñ bkSIeQµal RtUvraCbuRt)aj;Rbhar edaysrmut dYledkelIEpndIeTobKl;eQI eBlenaHbkSIeQµal)an eBaleTAkan;bkSIjfI a ³ CIvti GjenHRbEhlCaCitdac;ehIy eRBaH RkBuledayQam GjnwglHbg;nvU CIvti kñgú éf¶enH CIvti rbs;GjCaTukç eBobcuHehIy hbJTy½ ekþANas; >>>lM)akéRkeBk CIvti sVti RseBan dUcesµA dak;elIfeµ kþA dUcedImeQIkat;paþ c;bs£ TwkEPñkhUreTA eRBaH 62

ehtunagcnÞkni rñ kI BM gu esak minEmneRBaHkaresakdéTeT . ÉcnÞkni rñ I )aneBalpþasaraCbuRt Edl)aj;bþnI agfa ³ CaraCbuRtGaRkk; sUm[ matarbs;raCbuRt )annUvesckþeI sakkñgú hb¤Ty½ dUcxønÜ GjenHEdr sUm[matarbs;Gkñ Edl)ansmøab;kni ñr CastVmni RbTUsþ kM[u eXIjkUnpg kM[u )aneXIjbþpI g kM[u RbBn§Gkñ ¬enaH¦)aneXIjkUnpg sUmkM[u eXIjbþpI g . GñkNasmøab;kni rñ EdlCastVmni RbTUsþ eRBaH karcg;)anGj Gjs‘EU tsøab; GjnwgmineFVCI aRbBn§ rbs;Gkñ enaHeT >>> . sMEdgcnÞkinñrCatkenHcb; RBHnagBim<ayesaFra k¾sMerc)anesata btþpi l RBHbrmsasþak¾yageTAkan;vhi arvij ¬su>xuTÞ>CatkPaK60 TM>4¦ .

3 RBHsmµasm<úT§bMbYssküvgS

enAéf¶T5I RBHbrmRKUyageTAkan;nei vsndæanrbs;nnÞkmu ar buRt rbs;RBHnagbCabtieKatmI CaRBHGnuCrYmbita kñgú eBlEdlRBHnnÞkumar erobmgÁlkarCamYyRBHnagCnbTklüaNI . kalebIRBHGgÁeFVPI tþaharnuemaTnarYcehIy RTg;sEM dgmgÁl kfa rYcRTg;kR¾ bTan)aRteTA[nnÞ . TTYlyk)aRtehIy nnÞkmu ar k¾edIrtameRkayRBHGgÁ rhUtdl;]TüannieRKaF edaysarminh‘an fVay)aRteTARBHd¾manRBHPaKvij . eBlenaHRsIbeM rIeXIj k¾clU eTA fVaydMNgw dl;RBHnagCnbTklüaNI² k¾ecjmkR)ab;RBHnnÞ [qab; RtLb; mkvij . eBlmkdl;]Tüan RBHBuTR§ Tg;srY fa ³ GñkbYsb¤? RBHnnÞ minh‘anRbEkk k¾TTYlRBmfabYs RTg;kb¾ bM sY éf¶enaH . 63

RBHnnÞ nnÞkmu ar bYs)an7éf¶ RBHnagBiBima< )anbBa¢nÚ rahulkumarkñ ar gú RBHCnµ7vsSa [eTAsMukN M b;RTBüBIRBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;kR¾ bTan GriyRTBü7Rbkar [rahu rahulkumar rYmKW ³ 1> sT§aFnM buKÁleCOcMeBaHeBaFiBaØaNrbs;RBHGrhnþsmµasm<úT§ Rtas;dgw nUvsc©Fm’ RTg;kat;bg;nvU éRtPB ehAfa RTBüKWsT§a . 2> sIlFnM Griysavk CaGñkmanectna evorcak)aNati)at>>> faCaRTBüKWslI . 3> hiriFnM Griysavk CaGñkeGonxµascMeBaHkayTucr© ti vcITcu r© ti cMeBaHGkuslkmµdl¾ amkenaH ehAfa RTBüKWhri i . 4> ]tþb,FnM Griysavk CaGñktk;støú cMeBaHkayTucr© ti vcITcu r© ti menaTuc©rti cMeBaHGkuslkmµdl¾ amk ehAfa RTBü KW]tþb,³ . 5> sutFnM Griysavkkñgú sasnaenH CaBhusSÚt RTRTg;cMeNHd¾ sÞat; )anyl;c,as;edayTidæi KWbBaØa enHehARTBü KW sut³ . 6> caKFnM Griysavk CaGñkbric©aKdl;Gkñ EdlKYr[ ehAfa RTBü KWcaK³ . 7> bBaØaFnM Griysavk GñkmanbBaØa KWesckþdI gw viess ehAfa RTBü KWbBaØa . sMEdgGMBGI riyRTBü7Rbkarcb; eTIbRBHbrmRKU bgÁab;;[sarI buRt bMbsY rahulkumar . bMbsY RBHnnÞ nnÞ nigrahulkumarrY ar c RBHbrmsasþaRTg;yagecjcakkbi kbilvtßbú rU I eTAkan;RkugsavtßI Kg;enAeCtBn vihar EdlGGnafbiNkÐi esdæI ksagfVay . 64

enATIenaHRBHnnÞetßr ekItesckþGI pSúkcg;swk edaynwknagCaPriya RBHbrmRKURTg;RCab RTg;kl¾ gY elam[RbRBwtRþ BhµcriyFm’ . RTg; )annimtµi RsIGbSr[RBHefreXIj l¥elIsnag CnbTklüaNI CaPriya ehIybnÞab;mk k¾nmi tµi RsIGbSrenaH [eTACacas;RKaMRKa rYcEbk FøayeTAvij . RBHnnÞetßreXIj ekItFmµsegVK k¾xRM bwgERbgRbRBwtþ RBhµcriyFm’bnþ minyUrb:nu aµ n k¾)ansMercGrhtþpl eTIbyageTAedaH esckþeI bþCaJ nwgRBHbrmRKUfa Qb;skw . manesckþdI N M alfa enAeBlEdlRBHmhaburselIkFñÚ sMEdg b¤Te§i naH raCRtkUl)anebþCaJ fa nwgfVayRBHraCbuRt1GgÁmñak;²Cabrivar. bnÞab;BRI BHGgÁ)ansMerckarRtas;dgw sem<aFiBaØaN buRtCaraCRtkUl TaMgb:nu aµ nenaH k¾)anecjbYstamRBHGgÁCaeRcIn enAsl;EtkSRt 6 RBHGgÁ min)anecjbYsenAeLIyKW PTÞyi 1 GnuruT1§ PKu1 km<il1 GannÞ1 nigeTvTtþ1 . kSRtTaMg6GgÁenH bribUNe’ dayesckþsI uxNas;. éf¶myY mhanam buRtrbs;GmietþaTn³ EdlCaRBHGnuCrbs;RBH )aTsueT§aTn³)anmanRBHbnÞÚlnwgRBHGnuruT§CaGnuCfa ³ xøÜnGñkkþI xønÜ ´kþKI rY eTAbYs RBHGnurTu §eqøyI fa ³ ´mineTAeT . mhanamtbfa ebIGkñ mineTAeT KYrcab;eroneFVkI arpÞHcuH ´nwgeTAbYs . RBHGnurTu s§ Yr GMBIkargarpÞH RBHmhanam k¾erobrab;GMBItYnaTIbru sCaempÞH tambevNIrbs; CnCati\NÐa nUvkick© argarCaeRcIn mankargarksikmµCaedIm . RBHGnurTu § 65

yl;eXIjfa lM)akNas; müa:gRBHGgÁCakSRtRbkbedaysuxmal Cati BMEu dlsÁal;l)M ak sUm,IBaküfaKµan k¾BEMu dlB¤pg . cugeRkaykSRtTaMg6GgÁ k¾seM rcecjbYs EtCMrju [kUnCag kat;sk;mañ k;eQµaH x)alIbsY mun . luHkSRtTaMg6GgÁbsY rYc KWRBH PTÞyi ³sMerc)anviCa¢ 3 RBHGnurTu § sMerc)anTiBcV kçkú ñúgvsSaenaH eRkay mkRBHbrmsasþa )anelIkyknUvmhabursi vitkásRU t KW>>>elaP³ eTas³ emah³ ekItGMBIxønÜ Etgsmøab;burs Edlmancitlþ amk dUcCaEpøeQI rEmgsmøab;eQI EdlmanxøwmxageRkA>>>>>>> sMEdg[sþab; eTIbsMerc Grhtþpl . ÉRBHGannÞ buRtrbs;RBH)aTsuekáaTn³ EdlCaGnuCrbs;RBH)aT sueT§aTn³ )ansMercRtwmesatabtþpi l tmkCMnMusgÇ )ansMerceRCIs erIs[eFV]I bdæakRbcaMRBHBuTG§ gÁpaÞ l; b:Eu nþmunnwgelakRBmTTYl naTIenH GannÞetßr)ansUmBr8Rbkar GMBsI N M ak;RBHbrmsasþa RBH GgÁRTg;GnuBaØat . RBHGannÞ)anzitenAkñgú ÉtTKÁ5RbkarKW 1> CaBhu sSÚt 2>mansti 3>manKti 4>manesckþBI üayam 5> Ca]bdæak . eRkayeBlRBHbrmRKU RTg;brinBi aV n)an3Ex eBlCitR)arB§eFVIbzm sgÁayna eTIbRBHGannÞ sMercnUvGrhtþpl . elakcaMFm’Nas; enA eBleFVbI zmsgÁaynaenaH CMnsMu gÇ)anEtgtaMgelak CaGñkeqøyI RBH sURt nigRBHGPiFmµ . RBHeTvTtþ buRtRBH)aTsub,BuT§ KW)ansMercb£T§iCa bufCu n¢ . edaymanesckþRI cENnxøagM rhUteRbI])ayCaeRcIny:ag smøab;RBHbrmRKU edIm,IxnøÜ )aneLIgCaemdwknaMsasna CMnsY RBHGgÁ 66

Etmin )ansMerc RBHeTvTtþetßr k¾Gs;bT¤ §ienHeTAvij cugeRkayRtUv RBHFrNI RsUbenACitvtþ eCtBn .

RTg;sMEdgGMBIvtþRbtibtþirbs;esþccRk BüakrN_BIRBHGriyemetþyü 3

sm½ymYy RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Kg;enAkñgú dgéRBCitmatulanKr kñgú EdnmKF³ RTg;Rtas;ngw PikTçú aMgLayfa ³ mñalPikçú cUrGñkman Fm’CaTIBgw BMmu anrbs;GVICaTIBgw eLIy GñkTaMgLaycUrtaMgsti edIm,I rlwk nigBicarNanUvkay evTna citþ Fm’CaRbRktI manBüayam CaeRKOgdutkMedA¬lH¦nUvkiels manR)aCJadwgsBV mansµartIkcM at;bg; nUvGPiCÄa ¬esckþeI laPKitrMéBcg;Et)anRTBüGñkdéT¦ nigeTamnsSkñgú elak ¬kñgú xønÜ ¦>>>>> cUrGñkRbRBwtkþ gñú eKacrCavisy ½ EdlmanmkGMBbI ti arbs; xønÜ ¬CadMENlrbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú § CabitaénBuTb§ risT½ ¦>>>>> kalebIGkñ RbRBwtþ kñgú eKacrvisy½ GMBIbti arbs;xnøÜ mar ¬kielsmar¦ k¾mni )anenAcenøaH min )anenACaGarmµN_eLIy. buNüenHrEmgcMerIneLIg eRBaHehtusmaTan nUvkuslFm’TaMgLay ya:genH . edaynUvbueBVnvi asanusStiBaØaN RBHbrmRKURTg;rlwkykerOg esþccRkBtþi eQµaH Tlðenmi nm mksMEdgCabuKÁlaFidaæ nfa³ kalBIeRBg nay RBHraCaRBHnam Tlðenmi RTg;RKb;RKgGaNacRk edaynUvFm’Ca \sSr³elIEpndI manCnbTdl;nvU sßirPaB RTg;bribUN’nvU rtn_7Rbkar KW³ 67

1> ckártn_ ³ rtn³rbs;GaNacRk KWynþkar Casßab½nTaMgLay rbs;GaNacRkRbRBwtyþ a:gRbesIrviess . 2> htßrI tn_ ³ rtn³ KWTB½ dMryI a:gRbesIr/ 3> GsSrtn_ ³ rtn³ KWTB½ esHya:gRbesIr/ 4> mNIrtn_ ³ rtn³ KWt,ÚgeBCCamUldæanesdækci ©dR¾ besIr/ 5> \tßrI tn_ ³ rtn³ KWBlrdæRsIEþ kv Camatad¾RbesIr/ Ca®sþIman lMGdUcEkvmNI . 6> KhbtIrtn_³ rtn³ KWbursCabþI CaempÞH CaesdædI R¾ besIr ¬RbéBNI \NÐabursbþCI aempÞH¦ Cardæbru sd¾RbesIr . 7> brinaykrtn_³ KWnaykGñkRtYtRta CMnyY karenACMvu ji RBHraCa RbkbedayFm’6Rbkarya:gRbesIrTukdUcCartn³ . RBH)aTTlð e nmi e naH RTg; R tY t RtaRKb; R KgEpndI EdlmansaKrCaRBMRbTl;e dayFm’RbesIr min )ac;e RbIG aCJa min)ac;eRbIeRKOgs®sþavuF. >>enAeBlRBHraCacUldl;bcäimv½y RTg;epÞrraCüsm,tþieTA[buRtc,g rYcRTg;yagecjsagpñÜs . >>> raCbuRteLIgesayraCü)an7éf¶ ckártn_CaTiBkV ¾)at;eTA RBHraCa k¾yageTAdNþwgsYrRBHraC\sICaRBHbita² RTg;Rtas;nwgRBHraCbuRt eTIbnwgmuT§aPieskfa ³ mñal)a¡ kalebIckártn_CaTiBV )at;eTA GñkkMumanesckþItUccitþeLIy>>>>>>>>>>>>>> eRBaHfackártn_CaTiBVenaH minEmnCamrtk EdlmanmkGMBIbitarbs;GñkeT>>> cUrGñkGnuvtþ nUvFm’rbs;esþccRkBtþdi R¾ besIr enaHckártn_CaTiBV mankaM1Ban; RBmTaMg xñgkg; RBmTaMgdMbu ribN U ’edayGakar³sBVRKb; nwgekIteLIgvijR)akd dl;)a Edlkk;sk; ehIyrkSa]e)asf¬duslagkiels¦>>>kñgú 15éf¶ 68

Caéf¶]e)asfenaH . >>> ÉvtþRbtibtþirbs;esþccRkenaH RBHraC\sICa bitaRTg;Rtas;fa>>> cUrGñkGaRs½ynUvFm’¬c,ab;¦ eFVIskáar³ cMeBaHFm’ eKarBFm’ rab;GanFm’ bUCaFm’ ekatERkgFm’ ykFm’CaTg;Cy½ ykFm’Cas<an ykFm’CaGFibtI cat;EcgkarEfrkSa Tb;Tl;RKb;RKg edayFm’ taMgBIbRu t Priya BYkraCburs¬m®nþ¦I BYkBl BYksmN³ Kh btI BYkGñkniKmCnbT rhUtdl;BkY RmwKbkSI GñkkMeu FVGI kuslkñgú Ednrbs;Gkñ eLIy ebIBYkCnkñgú Edn minmanRTBü GñkKb,Iplþ ;RTBü dl;CnTaMgenaH¬GPivDÆn_esdækci ¦© . ebIeXIjsmN³ b¤bNÐti Na CaGñkevorcakesckþRI svwgkñgú GMNac evorcakesckþRI bmaT taMgenA kñgú xnþI nigesarc©³¬s¶b;¦ eFVxI nøÜ Ég[rlt;cakraKÁaTikáei ls )acUr Kb,IeTArksmN³bNÐti enaHsBV²kal edIm,IdNþwgsYrelakfa GVCI a kusu l GVCI aGkusl GVCI aGMeBIRbkbedayeTas GVCI aGMeBImni Rbkbeday eTas GVKI YresBKb; GVImni KYresBKb; GMeBIdcU emþceFVIeTA minCaRbeyaCn_ CaTukGç s;kald¾yrU GMeBIdcU emþceFVeI TA)anCaRbeyaCn_ CasuxGs; kald¾yrU >>> . luH)a)ansþab;ehIy Kb,IevorcakGMeBICaGkusl ehIysmaTanGMeBICakusl TaMgenaHehIyEdlehAfa vtþRbtibtþi rbs;esþccRkd¾RbesIrenaH . >>>TTYlsþab;BaküRBHraC\sIfaehIy k¾cab;RbRBwtcþ RkBtþvi tþdR¾ besIr ckártn_CaTiBmV ankaM1Ban;>>>> k¾ekIt R)akdeLIg >>>RTg;TteXIj . RBHraCak¾manRBHtMrHi fa GatµaGj )anB¤mkdUecñHfa ckártn_CaTiBmV ankaM1Ban;>>> ekIteLIgR)akd dl; RBHraCakSRtiyGgÁNa>>> EdlsmaTan]e)asfkñúgéf¶15>>> RBHraCa GgÁenaH nwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi »hñ¡ GatµaGjR)akdfaesþccRkBtþi ehIyetI¡ . >>>RBHraCaRTg;Rbs;RBMckártn_ ehIyGFidaæ nfa sUm[ 69

ckártn_dc¾ eM rInRbRBwteþ TA >>> manC½yCMnHcuH . >>> RKaenaHckártn_k¾ GENþtRtEst eTAkan;Tsi xagekIt>>> rYcqøgeLIgcuHeTAkan;smuRT kñgú Tisxagt,Úg>>> Tisxaglic>>> TisxageCIg . RBH)aTcRkBtþki ¾ esþceTAtamckártn_enaH RBmedaycturgÁesna >>> ÉesþcCaswksRtUvTaMg Lay>>> k¾clU Kal;RBH)aTcRkBtþi ehIyRkabbgÁTM lU ya:genHfa ³ bBiRtmharaC¡ esþccUlmkcuH eRBaHRBHGgÁmanraCdMeNIrmkRsYl ehIy sUmRTg;eRbonRbedAcuH . RTg;RbedAya:genHfa GñkTaMgLay minRtUvsmøab;stV minRtUvlYcRTBüsm,tþi EdleKmin[ minRtUvRbRBwtxþ su kñgú kam minRtUveBalBakümusavaT minRtUvpwkTwkRsvwgeLIy cUrbriePaKEtrbs;EdlKYrbriePaKcuH . ÉesþcCaswksRtUvTaMgLay EdlenAkñgú Tis>>> k¾eTACacuHcUlRBH)aTcRkBtþvi ij . lMdab;enaH ckártn_ k¾bRgáabEpndI EdlmansmuRTCaRBMRbTl; rYcRtLb;mkkan;raC FanIvji >>> enAnwgfál;hak;dcU Ca)ak;ePøA >>> . >>>>esþccRkTI2 >>TI3 >>TI4 >>TI5 >>TI6 suTE§ tmanvtþRbtibtþi ya:genHTaMgGs; edayELkEtraCbuRtesþccRkTI7 eRkayraCburs TUlR)ab;fackártn_CaTiBV )at;cakTIehIy RTg;mni sb,ayRBHT½y Etk¾mni eTATUlsYrRBHraC\sICabita KWRTg;eRbonRbedAGñkCnbTBYkBl BYk raCburs tamEteyabl;paÞ l;xnøÜ >> GñkCnbTk¾mni cMerInesµmI nu dUckal esþcTaMgLayCan;edIm . >>>BYkGamatü BYkehara nigmhamatü BYkhµdrM I BYkGñkrkSaTVar nigBYkciBa©mw CIvti edaymnþ k¾RbCMRu kabbgÁTM Ul RBHraCa>>> sUmRBHGgÁsrY nUvcRkBtþvi tþdR¾ besIr nwgBYk´RBHGgÁcHu BYk ´RBHGgÁ>>> muxCaBüakr)an . 70

luHRBHraCaRTg;RBHsvnakarBaküBüakr k¾cat;EcgrkSaTb;Tl; RKb;RKgRbeTsRbkbedayFm’vij EtRTg;mni RBHraCTanRTBüdl;BkY xSt;RTBüeLIy¬minGPivDÆn_xagvisy½ esdækci ©¦ . >>> kalebIesckþTI I Tal;Rk maneRcIneLIgehIy mnusSkñgú Edn k¾ykRTBürbs;CnTaMgLay EdleKmin)an[ ehAfaGTinañ Tan ¬lYc¦ kalebIBkY raCburscab; ykeTATUlRBHraCa²sYr >>> falYcEmn . RBHraCak¾edaHRsaytamviFI RBHraCTanRTBüdl;CnGñklYc kalebIBd¤ eU cñH GMeBIlcY k¾kan;Et ekIteRcIneLig² eTIbRTg;RBHtMrHi fa KYrEtkat;k,alvij . luHmnusS TaMgenaH)anB¤ k¾Kti naMKañ eFVIeRKOgs®sþavuF edIm,Ismøab;Gkñ kñgú nKrxøH GñkCnbTxøH eFVnI vU karbøn;Gkñ edIrtampøvÚ xøH . >>>kalebIesckþTI TI al; Rkmankan;EteRcIn GTinañ Tank¾mankan;EteRcIn CaehtunaM[GMeBI )aNati)at¬smøab;¦mankan;EteRcIn kalebIraCburscab;)anykeTA TUlRBHraCa ElgeqøyI R)ab;Rtg;dcU mun musavaT¬PUt¦k¾ekItmankan; EteRcIn . >>>kalebIkarRKb;RKgminRbkbedayFm’ya:genH esckþTI I Tal;Rk kan;EtekIteRcIneLIg² karlYc karkab;smøab; karPUtkuhk e)akR)as;Kañ kñgú Edn kan;EtmaneRcIn BN’sm, ;Et m,rú GayumnusSkan; SkanEt fycuHCalMdab; ab; BI8mWnu qñaM mkenARtwm4mWnu qñaM . >>> kalebIesckþTI I Tal;RkmaneRcIneLIg bisN u avaT¬niyaycak;ccu GuCGalKña¦k¾man eRcIneLIg >>> kUnTaMgLaymanGayu2mWnu qñaM fymkenARtwm1mWnu qñaM BYkstVxHø manBN’sm,úrl¥ BYkstVxHø manBN’sm,úrGaRkk; stVNa Edlmansm,úrGaRkk; k¾RsLaj;BYkstV EdlmanBN’sm,úrl¥ k¾ RbRBwtmþ ci aä car¬xus¦kñgú Priya bþrI bs;BkY CndéT . kaemsumci aä car 71

maneRcIneLIg GayuBN’sm,úr k¾fycuH Gayu1mWnu qñaM fymkenA Rtwm5Ban;qañ M . Fm’BrI RbkarKWprusvaca1 ¬niyayRteKaHe)aHe)akedoltµHKña¦ smöb,lab³1 ¬niyayBaküerayray¦k¾maneRcIneLIgkñgú BYkEdl manGayu5Ban;qañ M CaehtunaM[GayuBN’sm,úrk¾kan;EtfycuH Gayumk enARtwm2500qñaxM Hø 2000qñaxM Hø Fm’BrI RbkareTot KWGPiCÄa1 ¬elaPrMéBcg;)anRTBüeK¦ Büa)aT1 ¬RcENnb£süacg;[eKvinas¦ BN’sm,úrGayufycuH GayumkenARtwm1Ban;qañ M micaä Tid¬æ karyl;xus¦ k¾ekItmaneLIg BN’sm,úrGayukf¾ ycuH mkenARtwmEt500qñaM . Fm’TaMg Lay3RbkarKW GFmµraK³¬teRmkknøgRbéBNI¦ vismelaP³¬esckþI cg;)anxøagM ¦ micaä Fmµ¬teRmkburskñgú burs¦ k¾maneRcIneLIgkñgú BYkmnusS Gayukf¾ ycuH mkenARtwm250qñaxM Hø 200qñaxM Hø . Fm’TaMgLayKWmni eKarBmata mineKarBbita mineKarBsmN³RBahµN_ mineKarBekat ERkgbuKlÁ CaFMkgñú RtkUl kñgú BYkEdlmanGayu250qñaM . >>>kUnTaMg Layrbs;mnusS EdlmanGayu250qñaM k¾fymkmanGayuRtwm100 qñavM ji . kalmnusSmanGayukyç½ Rtwm100qñaM RBHsiTt§ ³ß ¬tfaKt¦ k¾ mkcab;bdisn§ki gñú elakRtas;dgw nUvsem<aFiBaØaN. mansm½ymYykUn rbs;mnusSTaMgenHmanGayu10qñaM >>> BYknagkumarikaGayu5qñaM nwg lµm[manbþI . kalebImnusSmanGayu10qñaM rsd¾RbesIrTaMgenH KWTkw edaHføa TwkedaHxab; eRbgTwkXµMú TwkGMeBA GMbilnwg)at;eTA>>>esµA 72

EKllknwgCaePaCnd¾RbesIr dUckñgú kal\LÚvenH man)ayRsUvsalI layedaysac;CaePaCnd¾RbesIrya:genaHEdr . eBlenaHGkuslkmµ bfnwgcMerIneLIg kuslkmµbf10nwgsabsUnüRKb;GenøI . KMndMu e¾ køóv køa Büa)aTd¾ekøóvkøa citRþ bTUsþde¾ køóvkøa citRþ )afñanwgsmøab;de¾ køóvkøa rbs;bgb¥nÚ RsI nwgekItR)akdeLIgdl;bgb¥nÚ Rbus eRbobdUcRBaneXIj RmwKya:gNamij >>> matanigbuRt buRtnigmata . >>> bitanigbuRt buRt nigbita . kalEdlmnusSmanGayu 10qñaM stßnrþ kb,¬elakvinas edayeRKÓgs®sþavuF¦ nwgekItmaneLIgGs;7éf¶ mnusSTaMgenaHnwgsM Kal;KñafadUcCaRmwK GavuFd¾mtu føanwgCab;enAEtkñgú éd ehIyk¾Kti Etpþac; CIvitKñanwgKña . eBlenaHmanstVBYkxøHnwgKitfaBYkeyIgkMusmøab; mnusSNaeLIy ehIyk¾bbYlKñaeTArkéRBs,at eQIs,at sÞgw >>>>>>>>> PñEM dlminrabesµI eTAmk)anedaylM)ak ykemImnigEpøeQIkgñú éRBCa GaharciBa©mw CIvti Gs;7éf¶ . luHéf¶7enaHknøgeTA eTIbnaMKañ ecjmk vij eGabKñaeTAvijeTAmk niyayTak;TglYgelamKñafa Gñkrs;enA dUcBYkstV EdleyIg)aneXIjehIy . BYkeKk¾cab;Bci arNaya:genH fa BYkeyIgenH )anCaGs;eTAénjati eRBaHehtukan;Fm’Gkusl ebI dUecñHmanEteyIgeFVIkuslvij >>>>> BYkeyIgKYrevorcak)aNati)at ¬karsmøab;¦ RbRBwtþsmaTannUvkuslenaHcuH . kalstVTaMgenaH smaTanGMeBImni smøab;Kañ ¬)aNati)at¦ k¾ceM rInGayu cMerInBN’sm,úr 73

eLIg kUnEdlmanGayu 10qñaM k¾RtLb;eTACamanGayu 20qñaM . eBl eXIjGanisgSénkarminsmøab;Kña naM[cMerInGayu BN’sm,úr k¾ KitnaMKñaeFVIkusl [eRcInéRkElgCagenHeTAeTot k¾naMKñaevorcak GTinañ Tan evorcakkaemsumci aä car bisN u avaT prusvaca smöb,lab³ GPiCÄa Büa)aT lHmicaä Tideæi cj lHFm’3RbkarKW GFmµraK³1 vismelaP³1 micaä Fmµ³1 . ebIdeU cñHBYkeyIg KYreKarBmatabita eKarB smN³RBahµN_ CaGñkekatERkgbuKlÁ Cac,gkñúgRtkUl . kalebI stVTaMgGs;smaTan kuslFm’TaMgenaH k¾ceM rInBN’sm,úr cMerInGayu ekIteLIgvij BI20qñaeM TA40qñaM >>>80qñaM >>>160qña>M >>320qñaM >>> 640 qñaM >>>2000qñaM >>> 4000qñaM >>>8000qñaM >>> 20/000qñaM >>> 40/000qñaM >>> 80/000 qñaMeLIgvij . kalmnusSmanGayu 80/000qñaM kumarikamanGayu 500qñaM eTIblµm[manbþI eBlenaH mnusSmanGaBaFEtbIya:gKW cMNg;kgñú Gahar1 briePaKGaharmin)an 1 esckþRI KaMRKaragkay1 >>> Cm<TÚ bVI enHnwgCaTVbI sþkú sþmFÖ TM lU ay eBareBjedayBYkmnusSrkcenøaHKµan RkugBaraNsIenH nwgERbeQµaH CaektumtIraCFanIvji nigCaRbFanénCm<TÚ VIb Edlnwgman 84/000 nKr nwgmanRBHraCamYyRBHGgÁRBHnamsgç³ CaesþccRkBtþei kItenA kñgú ektumtIraCFanIenaH RTg;CaFmµki FmµraC Rbkbedayrtn_CaTiBTV aMg 7Rbkar mankarRKb;RKgdUcesþccRkBtþi BIxagedImeRBgnayenaH . 74

kalebImnusSmanGayu8mWunqñaM RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;RBHnamemetþyü nwgekItkñgú elak RTg;qa¶ ycakkiels RTg;Rtas;dgw nUvejyüFm’TaMg BYgedayRbéB >>> dUctfaKtkñgú kal\LÚvenHEdr . ÉRBH)aTsgçcRk nwgGnuvtþnvU cRkBtþvi tþ rYcecjsagpñsÜ kñgú sMNak;RBHemetþyü Ca Grhnþsmµasm<Tú §enaH edayeKcecjeTAmYyGgÁÉg BüayamdutkMedA kiels manhb¤Ty½ eq<aHeTArkRBHniBaV n minyUrb:nu aµ n k¾)anRtas;dgw nUv Gnutrþ Fm’edayxønÜ Ég . TaMgGs;enHehIyEdlehAfa cUrmanxønÜ CaTIBgw kMumanrbs;GCVI aTI BwgeLIy cUrmanFm’CaTIBgw kMumanrbs;déTCaTIBgw eLIy enARtg;BicarNaGMBIkay evTna citþ Fm’ manR)aCJadwgsBV¬sÁal;kiels¦kuslFm’ mansµartIkcM at;bg;nvU GPiCÄa nigeTamnsSkñgú elak)an¬kñgú xønÜ )an¦. kalebIGkñ RbRBwtkþ ñgú eKacrCavisy½ EdlmanmkGMBbI ti aénxønÜ ya:genH ehIy nwgcMerInGayu BN’sm,úr cMerInsux ePaK³ cMerInkmøagM pg . kalebIceM rIn\T§)i aT4 KWqnÞsmaFi taMgcit[þ )anmUleTArkEt kuslFm’ EdlxønÜ )anR)afñacUlcitþ kñgú kick© arenaH1 viryi smaFi taMg sµartIBüayam RbkbEtkick© arCakuslenaH1 citþsmaFi taMgcitþmaMyk citTþ ku dak; minlHFur³kñgú kic©karCakusl1 vimMsasmaFi tmál;cti þ RtiHriHBicarNarkehtuplkñgú kic©karCakuslenaH1 Pikeçú bImanbMNg nwgrs;enA¬cMerInGayu¦ Kb,Izti enAGs;1kb, b¤1kb,)øay ¬Gayukçy½ ¦ eRBaHehtu)aneFV[I eRcInnUv\T§)i aTTaMg4enH . 75

ehtu[cMerInBN’sm,úr KWCaGñkmansIlsRgYmkñgú )atiemakç sMvr³ CaGñkeXIjP½ykñgú eTas sUm,Ibnþci bnþcÜ smaTankñgú sikSa kñgú sikaç bTTaMgLay . ehtu[cMerInsux KWPaBCaGñks¶at;cakkamTaMgLay s¶at; cakGkuslFm’TaMgLay cUrkan;bzmCÄan EdlRbkbedayvitká vicar³ bIti nigsux ÉkKÁta . ehtu[cMerInePaK³ KWPaBCabuKl Á Rbkbedayemtþa pSay eTARKb;Tsi eRBaHehtueRbobpÞwmxønÜ [esµnI gw stVTaMgGs;enaH Ca cit\þ tmancgeBor \tmanBüa)aT pSayeTAkan;stVelakTaMgGs; Ca citRþ bkbedaykruNa muTita ]ebkça ¬eRBaHciBa©mw CIvti edaysµmÚ ¦ . ehtu[cMerInkmøag M KWGriybuKÁl )anRtas;dgw eFV[I Cak; c,as;edayxønÜ ÉgnUvecetavimtu þi bBaØavimtu þi EdlminmanGasv³ . tfa Kt BicarNaemIlmineXIjkmøagM déT sUm,IEtkmøagM 1EdlbuKlÁ RKb sgát;)anedaykRm [dUcCakmøagM marenHeLIy buNüenHEtg cMerIneLIgya:genH eRBaHehtusmaTannUvkuslFm’TaMgLay .

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- Piknçú mI ni RtUvenAcaMvsSaenAkñgGavasEdlKµanPikçeú LIy Gs;myY CIvti 1 - Piknçú RI tUvR)afñaFm’2Rbkar KWsrY ]e)asf nigcUleTAsþab;»vaT rbs;Pki çúsgÇral;knøHExmþg Gs;myY CIvti 1 . - Piknçú eI nAcaMvsSarYcehIy RtUvbvarNa¬karebIk»kas[niyay [sUmtamkarKYr¦kñgú sMNak;sgÇTaMgBIrBYk edaysßan3 KWeXIjkþI B¤kþI regáóskþI Gs;myY CIvit1 . - Piknçú RI tUvKrukabtþei hIy Kb,IeKarBbkçmantþ kñgú sMNak;sgÇ TaMgBIrBYk Gs;myY CIvti 1 . - Piknçú RI tUvCYyEsVgrk]bsm,Ta kñgú sMNak;sgÇTaMgBIrBYk dl; sikçmana¬sameNrI¦Edl)ansikSasikaç kñgú Fm’TaMg6Rbkar RKb;2qñaM ehIyFm’enH Piknçú RI tUveFVIskáar³bUCa Gs;myY CIvti 1 . - PikçúnIminRtUveCrRbeTcPikçú edaybriyayNamYy Gs;mYyCIvit1 . - taMgBIéf¶)an]bsm,Ta Piknçú RI tUvEtsþab;bgÁab;Pki çú ÉPikmçú ni RtUv sþab;Pki nçú vI ijeT Fm’enHPiknçú RI tUveFVsI káar³ Gs;myY CIvti 1 .

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EkvmNI1Esn k¾mni esµIdl;myY cMNtw énkarQaneTAmYyCMhanEdl bNÐti Eck[CacMENk16Gs;var³16dgenaHeT mñalKhbtI¡ cUr GñkQaneTACakarRbesIrNas; . Kat;ks¾ eM rcedIrcUleTAkñgú é®BsIt vn¬éRBRtCak;¦eBlenaHeTobPøW RBHBuTk§ BM gu cRgámnavalmYy eXIj k¾ehAKat;[cUlmk . cUldl; GnafbiNkÐi esdæTI lU sYrfa bBiRt RBHGgÁdc¾ eM rIn RTg;psÞMú bá ;slá ;b¤eT? RBHGgÁRtas;tbfa³ buKÁlNaminmankiels CaeRKOgesµAhµgkñg ú snþan minCab;kgñú kamTaMgLay¬cMNg;¦mancitRþ tCak;s¶b; eRBaHCaGñkmanTukrç Mlt; ehIyrEmgedkenACasuxRKb;kalTaMgBYg . mnusSNakat;bg;nvU esckþRI )afñakñg ú PB kMcat;bg;nvU esckþRI kvl;Rkvaykñgú hb£Ty½ ecj mnusSenaHeQµaHfa CaGñks¶b;rm¶ab;cti þ rEmgedkenACasux . lMdab;mkRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sEM dgGnubBu kVI fa dl;GnafbiNÐik KWRbkasGMBITankfa1 sIlkfa1 sKÁkfa1 eTasénkamd¾lamk1 nigGanisgSénkarsagpñÜs1 rYcRTg;sMEdg Griysc©³TaMg4 naeBlbnÞab; . esdækI s¾ UmRBHGgÁCaTIBgw RBHFm’ RBHsgÇ CaTIrlwk Ca])ask cab;BeI BlenaH eTIbnimnþRBHGgÁRBmTaMg Piksçú gÇTTYlPtþ rbs;Kat;enAéf¶Es¥k . bgéføkþI Gñkkñgú RkugkþI RBH)aTBim<si arkþI RCabedayyl;fa Kat; eTIbmkdl;fµI BMGu acmanvtßsú Mrab;cayvayeFVPI tþ)an k¾sTu E§ tFana Et Kat;mni RBmTTYlykTaMgGs; . RBwkEs¥keLIg Kat;cat;Cn[eFVI xaTnIy¬bEg¥mCaEpøeQI¦ ePaCnIyahard¾]tþmenApÞH raCKhesdæI enaH . luHRBHBuTR§ BmTaMgPiksçú gÇnimnþdl; Kat;k¾faV yPtþedayédÉg. 83

luHqan;rcY GnafbiNkÐi k¾smU nimnþRBHGgÁKg;caMvsSakñgú RkugsavtßI rbs; Kat; . RBHbrmRKURTg;Rtas;tbfa tfaKtTaMgLay rEmgeRtkGrkñgú lMenAd¾sa¶ t;Etmüa:g . eBlRtLb;mkvij tampøÚvGnafbiNÐikesdæI k¾RbkasR)ab;mitþPkþi fa ³ \LÚvenHRBHBuTe§ kItehIykñgú elak cUrGñkral;Kañ eFVGI aram sag vihar epþImeFVTI aneTA . mkdl;RkugehIy Kat;ke¾ pþImrkemIlkEnøgksag Garam EdlCaTImni RcLÚkRcLMkgñú evlaéf¶ mansMeLgtic CaTIdl;vei vk ¬s¶at;¦ kñgú eBlyb; k¾eXIj]Tüanrbs;raCkumareCt ehIysUm[ RBHGgÁm©as;RbTan]TüanenH edIm,Ingw eFVGI aram . RBHGgÁeCt kat;éfø esµnI gw ekadikhabN³RkaleBj]TüanenaH . eBldwkR)ak; RkaltMerobkñgú éRBenaH elIkTImyY minRKan;Rtg; »kasbnþci CuvM ijekøagTVar esdæbI gÁab;[eKdwkmkeTot RBHGgÁm©as;k¾ manrMBgw fa GñkenHh‘ancMNayR)ak;eRcIndl;emø:H kice© naHminEmnCa rbs;efakTabeT rYck¾Xat;esdæI TukdIRtg;enaHksagekøagTVarGaram edaycMNayR)ak;RBHGgÁpaÞ l; . esdæIcat;[eKeFVIvihar¬kudiFM¦eFVIbrievN eFVIbnÞb; eFVI]bdæansala eFVIeragePøgI eFVkI b,iykudi¬kuddi s¾ mlµm¦eFVvI c©kdu ¬i bgÁn;¦eFVTI cI Rgám eFVI salacRgám eFVGI NþgÚ Twk eFVsI alaeTobGNþgÚ Twk eFVsI alaeToberag ePøgI eFVRI sHQUk eFVmI NÐb¬eragtUcdMbUlRsYc¦kñgú eCtv½n. eBlRBH manRBHPaKyagcakRkugraCRKwH RTg;yageTAKg;enA kUdaKasalaéRB mhavnRkugevsalI vC¢IrdæmyY ry³ eTIbRTg;BTu d§ eM NIrtamlMdab;dl;Rkug savtßI GnafbiNkÐi esdæI k¾eTAnimnþRTg; edIm,ITTYlPtþenAéf¶Es¥k . 84

evlaéf¶Es¥kTTYlPtþrYceRscehIy esdæsI YrRBHBuT§GgÁGBM kI arRbti btþki gñú vtþeCtBn RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;fa³ ebIdeU cñaHcUrGñkRbtisaæ n vtþeCtBnenH sRmab;sgÇEdl)anmkehIyTaMgGs;enH TaMgsRmab; sgÇEdlminTan;mk GMBTI si TaMg4enaHcuH . eRkayBI GnafbiNkÐi evrRbeKnvtþeCtBn Rbtisaæ nTuksRmab;RBHsgÇehIy RBHmanRBH PaKRTg;GnuemaTnaedayKafaenHfa ³ viharKWCaGavas b¤Caesnasn³ CaTIenAénsgÇTaMgLay rEmgkarBarrgarpg ekþApg RtCak;pg RmwKsahavTaMgLaypg Bs;tcU FMTaMgLaypg RKab;ePøógTaMgLay pg xül;keM dAéf¶dx¾ aø gM køa EdlekItehIy rEmg)at;eTAvij eRBaH viharenH . viharTan KWCakar[lMenAdl;sgÇ sMrab;RCkekanpg sMrab;enACasuxpg edIm,Idtu )abFm’pg edIm,IceM rInvibsSnapg RBHBuT§ TaMgLayEtgRtas;sresIrfaCaTand¾RbesIr . eRBaHehtuenaHÉg burs RsICabNÐti kalebIeXIjc,as;nvU RbeyaCn_rbs;xnøÜ ehIy Kb,I ksagvihar KWGavas b¤esnasn³TaMgLayd¾CaTIKrY rIkray ehIyKb,I nimnþelakEdlCaBhusSÚt KWelakGñkecHdwgeRcInTaMgLay[enAkñgú TIenaH elaknwgrEmgsMEdgFm’ CaeRKÓgbenÞabg;esckþTI ku Rç Kb;Rbkar [GñkenaHsþab; . luHGñkenaH)andwgFm’Nakñgú RBHBuTs§ asnaenH ehIy k¾CaGñkminmanGasv³ rEmgbrinBi aV n .

erOgeTvTtþPikçú 3

eTvTtþenHCabuRtrbs;RBH)aTsub,BuT§ . RKamYyeTvtþKg;kñúgTIs¶at; ekItesckþRI tiHriHrkGñkRCHføacMeBaHxønÜ edIm,IR)afñalaPskáar³k¾nkw eXIj dl;GCatstþkú umarraCbuRtrbs;RBH)aTBims<i ar . eBl)anCYbraCkumar k¾nmi tµi xønÜ tMENgePT eFVCI aekµgtUc Bak;sgVarBs; rYceTAGgÁyú elIePøA kumar² P½yxøack¾GgVr eTIbeTvTtþpaø s;ePTmkCaPikvçú ji RTg;sgÇadI )aRtcIvr QrBImxu GCatsRtUvkumar eFV[I raCkumarmanesckþRI CHføa éRkeBk . eRkaymkraCkumarnaMeRKOgbUCaR)aMry²fas eTARbeKn bMerIeTvTtþPki çTú aMgRBwkl¶ac . kalebIlaPskáar³ esckþIsresIrRKbsgát;ehIy citþrbs;eTvTtþ k¾ERbRbYl elaPR)afañRKb;RKgPiksçú gÇTaMgmUl CMnsY RBHsmµasm<Tú § CaehtunaM[b¤T§irbs;eTvTtþks¾ absUnü kñgú eBlCamYynwgGkuslcitþ ekIteLIgnaeBlenaHEdr . sm½ymYyRBHbrmRKUkBM gu sMEdgFm’ eTvTtþPki çú k¾faV ybgÁRM BHGgÁ sUm[RbKl;Pki sçú gÇTaMgGs;mkxønÜ RKb;RKg kMxu lV ;xVayedayfa RTg;clU dl;bcäimv½yehIy . RBHbrmRKU tbfa Gm,alsarIbtu þ nigemaKÁlaø n emþctfaKtminRbKl;Pki çúsgÇ[ cMNg;ebIGñkCamnusSCYCatiGaRkk; briePaKctub,c©y½ EdlekItBIGensn³ ¬karciBa©mw CIvti edaydMeNIrEsVgrkctub,c©y½ minRtUvtamFm’vin½y¦ tfaKtnwgRbKl;[dUcemþc)an . eTvTtþGak;Gn;cti þ k¾mancitKþ nM CMu ab; RBHbrmRKUkc¾ at;[sarIbRu t eTARbkaseTaseTvTtþ kñgú nKrraCRKwHtamdMeNIrerOg . 86

RKamYyeTvTtþkc¾ lU eTArkGCatstþkú umar eRbI])aylYgelam [eTAsmøab;RBHbitafanwg)aneLIgesayraCü ÉxønÜ fanwgeTA smøab; RBHmanRBHPaKfa nwg)aneLIgCaRBHBuTE§ dr . RBHraCkumar yl; eXIjfa PikçúenHmanb¤T§imanGanuPaBeRcInpg Kg;dgw karenHBit Kit ehIy k¾esotkaMbti beNþayePøA edIrcUleTAkñgú RBHraCvaMgTaMgéf¶ Rtg; R)afñanwgsmøab;RBHbita . mhamatüeXIjRkabTUlsYr RBHraCkumar eqøyI fa eyIgRtUvkarsmøab;RBHbita tamkarBnül;rbs;elakm©as; eTvTtþ . eRkaymkmanbursmñak;eTAsmøab;RBHmanRBHPaK cUldl; ehIyk¾Py½ j½rrn§t;QrrwgxønÜ CitRBHGgÁ² eXIjRTg;Rtas;fa mñalGñk d¾manGayu GñkmkcuHkMxu aø ceLIy bursenaHB¤kd¾ ak;dav nigExl FñnÚ gi RBYjkñgú TIds¾ mKYr ehIyTUlfVayBIeKalbMNgrbs;xønÜ cg;smøab;RBH GgÁ . RBHbrmRKUkT¾ TYlGt;eTasdl;bru senaH eTIbRTg;sEM dgGnubuBkVI fa . kalRTg;RCabfa citbþ ursmansPaBCacitRþ sYl citTþ n; R)ascaknIvrNFm’ehIy RTg;sEM dgGMBsI c©³4 KWTku 1ç smuTy1 nieraF1 mKÁ1 kñgú kalenaH . >>>lMdab;mk bursenaHcUleTArkeTvTtþ R)ab;fa bBiRtelakm©as; ´RBHkruNaminGacsmøab;RBHmanRBHPaK )aneLIy eRBaHRBHGgÁmanb¤T§i manGanuPaBeRcInNas; . ÉeTvTtþtb fa eNðyI Tuk[eyIg CaGñksmøab;RBHsmNeKatmvij . eBlmYyenaHRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;kBM gu cRgámkñgú møb;PñKM Ci ÄkUd eTvTtþeXIj k¾lbeLIgeTAelIPñRM bemoldMfu Fµ ²M edIm,Ismøab;RBHGgÁ bMENkdMfu xµ aÞ tTgÁci eFVI[elahitRBH)aTBurBgeLIg RBHGgÁTteXIj eTvTtþ . 87

sm½yenaH kñgú RkugraCRKwH dMrnI aLaKirI CastVkacsahavya:g xøagM . eTvTtþclU eTAniyaynwgGñkrkSadMrfI a xøÜnRtUvCajatingw esþc GactaMgtMENgnay[enAkñgú tMENgx<s;)an GacbegátI ePaCnnig eborvtSk¾)an kalebIeXIjRBHsmNeKatm edIrmkkan;RckenH sUm nayElgdMrnI aLaKirI [eTAkan;RckenaH . BYkrkSadMrI k¾eFVtI am . eBleXIjRBHmanRBHPaKlwm² nayElgdMrnI aLaKir²I k¾elIkRbemay sRmwgRtecok nigknÞyú sÞHú eTArkRBHGgÁ . BYkPikeçú XIjTUlfVay RBHGgÁ[fyecj EtRTg;Rtas;fa cUrGñkmkcuH kMxu øaceLIy GñkNaBüayamsmøab;tfaKt esckþBI üayamenaH minEmnCaehtu Ca»kasKYreFVI )aneLIy RBHtfaKtTaMgLayminEdlbrinBi aV n edayesckþBI üayam rbs;Gkñ déTeT . eBlenaHmnusScaMemIlCaeRcIn ehIyniyaynwgKña fa muxCaRBHBuTn§ aK nwgeFVsI ®gÁamCamYyhtßnI aKenHminxan . dMrcI lU CitRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;taMgRBHT½ypSayemtþaciteþ TAkan;drM nI aLaKirI kalebIemtþacitrþ bs;RBHGgÁ pSayeTABal;RtUvsBVkayviBaØaNehIy dMrnI aLaKirkI d¾ ak;RbemaycuH QrenAcMeBaHmuxRBHGgÁ RTg;sEM dgfa³ mñalkuBa¢r¬dMr¦I GñkkMcu Ulmkb:nu b:gsmøab;RBHBuTn§ aKeLIy>>> eRBaHfa karb:nu b:gsmøab;RBHBuTn§ aK Caehtu[ekItTukç . mñalkuBa¢r ¡ kalebIGkñ smøab;RBHBuT§naKehIy eTAGMBCI atienH eTAkan;brelakmux Gñkmin)aneTAkan;sKu tieT . cUrGñkElgRsvwg ElgRbmaTeTA eRBaHfa stVTaMgLayEdlRbmaTehIy Etgmin)aneTAkan;sKu tiPUmi eLIy GñknwgeTAkan;sKu ti edayRbkarEdlGñkeFVIxnøÜ Ég . 88

lMdab;enaHdMrnI aLaKIrcI ab;lg¥ FUlI EdlenACab;ngw RBH)aTrbs;RBH brmsasþa edayRbemay mkerayelIk,al ehIyEbrmuxcMeBaHRBHGgÁ Ggájú eCIgmux edIrfyeRkay drabTal;EtElgeXIjRBHbrmRKU . mnusSTaMgLaydwgerOgk¾eBaltiHedol bnþHú bg¥ab;eTvTtþfa Ca mnusSGaRkk; CamnusS\tbuNü laPskáar³k¾sabsUnü ÉRBHmanRBH PaKlaPskáar³ k¾rti EtcMerIneLIgdl;RBHGgÁ . RKamYyenaHeTvTtþbbYlPik4çú GgÁ bMEbksgÇ edIm,ITlM aycRk rbs;RBHsmNeKatm ekaekalikPikkçú t¾ bfa mñalGavuesa RBHsmN³ eKatmmanb£TG§i anuPaBeRcInNas; BYkeyIgminGacbMEbksgÇ TMlay cRkenaH)aneT eTvTtþtbfa BYkeyIgeRbI])aynaMKañ eTAsMvu tß5ú Rbkar. Évtß5ú RbkarenaH muxCaRBHGgÁmni GnuBaØat[eLIy EtBYkeyIgnwgyk vtß5ú RbkarenaH eTABnül;pSBVpSay [BYkCnTaMgLayeRtkGrnwg eyIg edayvtßú5RbkarenaHrYmman ³ 1> sUm[PikçTú aMgLay enAEtkñgú éRBGs;myY CIvti . i )Ð atGs;myY CIvti hamkarnimnþ. 2> sUm[PikTçú aMgLay kan;bN 3> sUm[PikTçú aMgLay eRbIEtsMBt;bgSúkUlGs;mYyCIvti . 4> sUm[PikTçú aMgLay enAeTobKl;eQIGs;myY CIvit. 5> sUm[PikTçú aMgLay kMuqan;RtI nigsac;Gs;myY CIvit. eBleTvTtþclU Kal;RBHbrmRKUsMvu tß5ú RbkarenHehIy k¾bBa¢ak; ehtuplfa edIm,IR)afñatic dusxat;cti þ RTRTg;Ftu gÁvtþKrY CaTIRCHføa min snSMkei lsvdþ . RBHGgÁtbfa kMeu TvTtþPki N çú acg;enAkñgú éRB b¤enAkñgú Rsuk cUrenAcuH cg;RbRBwtbþ N i Ð)atCavtþ b¤eRtkGredaynimnþ eRtkGr 89

nwgKhbtIcIvr cUreRtkGrcuH müa:gtfaKt)anGnuBaØatRtIsac; EdlbrisuT§ edayTIbpM tu 3RbkarrYcehIyKW ³ 1> min)aneXIj 2> min)anB¤ 3> min)anregáós[PikTçú aMgLayqan;)an . eTaHbIRBHbrmRKU min)anGnuBaØatkþI eTvTtþenAEteRtkGrnaMbris½T rbs;xnøÜ eTABnül;Gkñ Rsuk kñgú RkugraCRKwH GMBpI lanisgSénvtß5ú Rbkar EtRBHsmNeKatmminGnuBaØat ÉBYkeyIgKb,IsmaTannUvvtß5ú Rb karenH . mnusSBYkxøHeCO k¾naMKañ tiHedolRBHsmNeKatmfa CaGñk elµaP ÉBYkxøHmankarBicarNafa minsmebIeTvTtþxRM bwgbMEbksgÇ TMlaycRkrbs;RBHsmNeKatmEbbenHesaH . RBHGgÁdgw k¾Rtas;fa kMeu TvTtþ t,itkarbMEbksgÇmaneTasF¶n;Nas; eqHkñgú nrkGs;1kb, EteFVsI gÇEdlEbkKña [RBmeRBogKñavij Gñknwg)anbuNüd¾RbesIr rIkraykñgú sßansYKG’ s;1kb, . eBlmYy eTvTtþCbY RBHGannÞkBM gu edIrbiN)Ð atk¾R)ab;fa ³ \LÚv enH´nwgeFVsI gÇkmµ ]e)asfkmµ edayELkcab;BeI BlenHehIy. RBH manRBHPaKRTg;RCabc,as;nvU dMeNIrenH k¾bnønW vU ]Tanvacafa³- GMeBIl¥ sb,úrseFVI)anedaygay - GMeBIl¥ mnusS)abeFV)I anedaykRm - GMeBI)ab mnusS)abeFV)I anedaygay - GMeBI)ab RBHGriyTaMgLayeFVI)anedaykRm . 90

naéf¶]e)asfmYy enARkugevsalI manPik5çú 00GgÁCaGñkeTIbbYs fµeI hAfavC¢bI tu Pþ ki çú CaGñkminecHviny½ eTvTtþPki )çú anbgÁab;[PikTçú aMg enaHcab;saø ksMEdgmti edayerobrab;GBM kI arTUlsMvu tß5ú RbkarenaH Et RtUvRBHsmNeKatmbdiesF ÉBYkeyIgKb,InaMKañ smaTanvij . vtßú 5RbkarenH KYrdl;elakd¾manGayuGgÁNa sUmelakcab;saø kcuH . ÉBYkvC¢bI tu Pþ ki çnú kw faenHCaFm’ Caviny½ k¾naMKañ cab;saø k . eTvTtþ bMEbksgÇ)an k¾naMPki 5çú 00GgÁenaHeTAkan;KyasIsRbeTs . eBlGKÁsavkTaMgBIrGgÁTYlfVayehtukarN_ RTg;kc¾ at;[ sav½kTaMgBIreTABnül;Pki çúTaMgenaH CYnCasm½yEdlmanbrisT½ ya:g eRcIn kMBgu ecameram sþab;karsMEdgFm’rbs;eTvTtþ . eTvTtþ eXIj lwm²BIcm¶ay k¾GtY R)ab;Pki Tçú aMgLayfa GKÁsav½kTaMgBIreBjcitnþ gw Fm’eyIgehIy )anCamkkan;sN M ak;eyIgenH rYck¾rkkEnøgsmKYr[GKÁsav½kKg; . eTvTtþsEM dgFm’bnþrhUtyb;eRCA rYck¾GaraFna sUm [sarIbtu Cþ yY bMPøFW mµki fa eTvTtþ R)as;xnøÜ k¾sgw lk;myY rMeBjeTA . eqøót»kasenHsarIbRu tþ k¾sEM dgfa FmµCatNamYymankiryi aekIt eLIgCaFmµta rEmgrlt;eTAvijCaFmµta ÉemaKÁløaneqøóteRbonRbedAtamEbbedayb£T§Gi s©arü PikTçú aMg500GgÁ k¾)anFmµckçeú satabtþpi l rYck¾naMPki Tçú aMg500GgÁeTAkan;sN M ak;RBHmanRBHPaKvij . ekaekalikeXIjk¾das;eTvTtþ²dwgkarN_ehIy QWcti þ ekþáAk¥tÜ Qam ecjBImat;kñgú TIenaH . cugeRkayeTvTtþkR¾ tUvRBHFrNIRsUb . 91

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cUldl;vsSaTI7 RBHbrmRKURTg;sMEdgymk)adiharü p©aj;BkY niRKnß GnütiryßI _CaRKUTaMg6nak; [)ak;bbxøbxøac rYceTIbyageTAKg;caMRBH vsSa enAÉzantavtwgS Kg;elIbNÐkú m<lsilasn³ CaTIRbCMGu s;BkY eTvtaTaMgmYymWnu elakFatu . ÉRBHnagsi RBHnagsirmi hamayaeTvbutþ CaRBH BuTm§ ata k¾yagmkRbCMeu nATIenaHEdr . munnwgsMEdgRBHsT§mµ RBHbrmRKURTg;brivti ká³fa etIKrY ykRBH Fm’NamksMEdg eTIbesµnI gw ]bkarKuNviessd¾FéM RkElgrbs;RBH mataenaH . edaynUvRBHsBVBØautBaØaNd¾cas;kaø RTg;k¾)anTteXIj manEtbrmtßFm’be:u NÑaH eTIbCaRBHGPiFm’¬Fm’dR¾ besIréRkElg¦Rbkb edayKuNviess GacesµIngw ]bkarKuNrbs;RBHmataedayBit eRBaH brmtßFm’enH CaFm’Bti tamedaynUvc,ab;FmµCati BMEu mnBittamEbb smµtbi ,BaØtiþenaHeLIy¬GPiFmµman42000Fmµknç ¦§ . brmtßFm’EdlRBHbrmRKU)ansMEdgenaH rYmCaeKalFm’man4Rbkar KW cit1þ ectsik1 rUb1 niBaV n1 . ehIynaeBlenHnwgelIkyk rUbmksMEdgCamun edIm,I[RsbnwgGFüaRs½yrbs;bfu Cu n¢ eyIgEdl elakTaMgmUl rEmgRbkan;maMceM BaHrUb ehIymüa:grUbk¾CabuerCatbc©y½ eRBaHrUbFm’ekItCabc©y½ [namFm’ekIt ¬bcäaCatb,c©y½ ¦. rUbrbs;buKÁlTaMgLaykalebIsEM dgtamEbbskáayTidñirEmg snµtrUbvnþenHRtwmfal¥ GaRkk; s exµA eRKateRKat RbNit efakTab rUb GatµaGj cas; ekµg Rbus RsICaedIm.eTIbbufCu n¢ snSMsnþanEbbenHerog² 92

xønÜ mindac;xN³eBl rhUtbegátI )anesckþRI bkan;ceM BaHrUbenHya:g mhima . krNIenH buKlÁ xøHriHrkRKb;meFüa)ay d¾KrY [RBWxaø c edIm,IbbM :nesckþRI tUvkar [dl;rUbtamtRmUvcitþ esÞIrBMGu acmanGMNac NamkkMNt;xN ½ RÐ BMEdn)an . rIÉRBHsmNeKatm EdllHkielsGs;CasmuecäT R)akdeLIgnUv bBaØackçú elakrmwlemIleXIjfa rUbrbs;bKu ÁleyIgenH RKan;EtCa sgçtFatu EdlpSMeLIgedaymhaPUtrUb4 KWd1I Twk1 ePøgI 1 xül;1 nig])aTayrUb24 . ÉbuKlÁ CabufCu n¢ KYrBinti üemIlBIFatudmI yY kñgú Fatu TaMg4 EdlCarUbbuKÁl b¤stVsaø b; ehIyykeTAkb; eRkaymkBinti ü emIlRtg;kEnøgkb;enaH k¾Kg;eXIjEtq¥gw EdlenAesssl; . ebIyk sBeTAdutvij eXIjEtepH yUr²eTAk¾eXIjEtdI mineXIjepH ÉFatu3 eTot kalebIrbU EbkFøayehIy rEmgXøatcakBIKañ rlaycUlCa mYyFatukgñú cRkvaLerog²xønÜ . cMeBaHkareXIjrUbEbbenHehAfa Ca kareXIjtamEbbbrmtßb,BaØtþi . rUbrEmgekIteLIgRBmCamYynwgRbB½nb§ saT sRmab;CaTVarTTYl GarmµN_ dUcCackçbú saTrUb KWCaEkvEPñkenAkñgú RbRsIexµA sRmab;TTYl qøHú TukrUbxageRkA EdlBnørW UbenaHcaMgcUlmkb:HxÞb; eRbobdUcbriFan viTüasa®sþTTYl bBa¢nÚ rUb semøg BnøW tamry³RbB½n§bEM pøgGKÁIsnI ya:gdUecñHEdr . rUbbrmtßenH ebIsni cat;CaBYkKWman 11 BYk rYmman³ mhaPUtrUb1 bsaTrUb1 eKacrrUb1 PavrUb1 hTyrUb1 CIvti rUb1 GaharrUb1 briecäTrUb1 viBaØtrþi bU 1 vikarrUb1 lkçN³rUb1 CarUb11BYkdUecñH . - mhaPUtrUb4 KWbzvIFatu¬Fatud¦I 1 Ge)aFatu¬FatuTkw ¦1 93

eteCaFatu¬FatuePøgI ¦1 vaeyaFatu¬Fatuxül;¦1 CamhaPUtrUb4 ebI nwgsMEdgeTAtamRbePTsPav³TVarCaedIm ehA])aTayrUb24 EdlekIt eLIg)an GaRs½ymanmhaPUtrUb4Cabc©y½ rYmman³ - bsaTrUb5 KWckçúbsaT1 esatbsaT1 XanbsaT1 CIvað bsaT1 kaybsaT1 . - eKacrrUb b¤ visy½ rUb4 KW rUb b¤BN’1 semøg1 køin1 rs1. - PavrUb2KW \tßIPavrUb¬Pav³kMNt;CaRsI¦1 burisPavrUb¬Pav³kMNt;ePTCaRbus¦1 . - CIvti rUb1 KWCvI ti CaFMrkSakmµC¢rbU min[EbkFøay )andl; Gakar³32 EdlekIteLIgRBmnwgCIvti rUbxønÜ ÉgenH1 rYmnwgGaharrUb1 . - hTyrUb1 KWQamenAkñgú ebHdUgsRmab;cBi a©wmrkSaCIvti rUb . - GaharrUb1 KW»Carsrbs;GaharEdlhUbcUl ekIt)anCa»CrUb RCabcUlsBVsB’ agÁkay edIm,I[CIvti rUb ekIteLIgehIytaMgenA)an. - briecäTrUb b¤GakasrUb1 KWGakasFatu manRtg;cenøaHrUbklab³b¤ kñgú rn§RcmuH nigRbehagRtecokCaedIm . - viBaØtrþi bU 2 KWkayviBaØt1þi rUbCabc©y½ seRmc\riyabf4 eday sarclnarbs;vaeyaFatu ekIteLIgGMBcI itþ rujTajsréskñgú s’BagÁkay [manclnakMerIkeLIgRtg;snøak; . vcIvBi aØt1þi rUbCabc©y½ eFV[I bzvIFatu¬Fatud¦I EdlekIteLIgBIcti þ kMerIkb:HxÞb;Kañ nwg])aTinkñ rUb¬rUb mancit¦þ Rtg;TsI aß nekItsemøg dUcCakMerIkbbUrmat; kMerIkGNþatEdl Cabc©y½ rbs;kayviBaØtþi b:HpÞb;Kañ nwgRkGUmmat; bbUrmat; ekIt)anCa semøgxül; elIkdak;begðIbsMeLg ehIysMeLgxül;enaHbegáIt)anCaBaküCa PasaeLIg . ebIkayviBaØteþi kItmin)anenARtg;mat; vcIvBi aØtkþi e¾ kItmin)an 94

karbeBa©jxül; beBa©jsMeLg k¾mni )anniyaysþeI kIt . - vikarrUb3KW rUbsSlhuta1 rUbsSmuTtu a1 rUbsSkmµBaØta1 . rUbrbs;stV buKÁl manclnakMerIk)an eRBaHehtumancitþ jaMgu [ rUbRsaleLIg ehAfa lhutarUb eRbobdUcCamnusSminmanGaBaF jaMgu [rUbTn;mni rwgkMeRBIsehAfamuTtu arUb CaehtueFV[I rUbKYr dl; kargar ehAfa kmµBaØtarUb . klabrUbnImyY ² rEmgmanrUb3enH bMEbkmin)an eTIbCaehtunaM[stV buKlÁ kMerIkeFVcI lna)an . lkçN³rUb4 KWrUbsS]c©y1 rUbsSsnþt1i rUbsSCrta1 rUbsS Gnic©ta1 . ]c©yrUbKW kñúgxN³kekItCarUbdMbUgbMputenAkñúgKP’mata¬ClaBuC kMeNIt¦ehAfa kllrUb . kMeNItkñgú KP’enH kalNaebImataman rdUv ehIyTwksuk³á ¬Sperme¦ EdlmanekasikabnþBCU rbs;bti a ¬Spermatogoïde¦ rYmCamYynwgekasikabnþBCU rbs;mata ¬Ovule¦ ekasikaTaMgBIrk¾rt;rkKñapÁeMú LIgRTRTg;edayCIvti rUb ekIt)anCakll rUbehAfa ]c©yrUbenH . ]c©yrUb taMgenA)an7éf¶ ebICvI ti rUb RTRTg; ]c©yrUbenHminsøab; kllrUbcab;ERbCalMdab;rhUt)anKMrb;35éf¶ kñgú kMLgú 35éf¶enH ehAfa bdisn§ki al . cab;BeI nHteTA rUbk¾cab; cMerIneLIg ehAfa snþtri Ub eRBaHrUbenHekItbnþBbI disn§ki al EdlenA Ca]c©yrUb . kMNt;eBlenH ehAfa bvtþki al eRBaHrUbcab;kekIt)an ckçTú sk³ CasMNcMu kçúrbU begátI CackçúbsaTrUb Edlman rUbklab³10 KW Twk1 dI1 ePøgI 1 xül;1 BN’1 køni 1 rs1 »C1 ckç1ú CIvti 1 KMrb; Ca10 bnÞab;mkekIt esatTsk³ XanTsk³ >>>>> CalMdab;rhUtRKb; kmµCk¢ lab³TaMg9 EdlnwgsMEdgCabnÞab;xagmuxenH . 95

]c©yrUb1 snþtri Ub1 TaMgBIrCaCatirbU KWCasPavrUb EdlekIt R)akdeLIg cMENkÉCrtarUb KWCaxN³eBlEdlrUbRKaMRKacuH Cabc©y½ dl;BüaFi nigmrN³ . ÉGnict© arUb CaxN³eBlEdlrUbTaMg3ERbRbYl rUbmineTog rUbkMBgu EbkFøay KWCaxN³rUbRtUvrlt;snU ü . ebIsni sMEdgedaysegçb rUbTaMg28 cat;Ca11BYkenH KWman Et2BYkb:eu NÑaHeT KWmhaPUtrUb1 ])aTayrUb1 RbCMtu ak;EtgeLIg begátI )anCarUbenaH . sPavrUbEdlekIteLIgR)akd taMgBIbdisn§ki al bvtþki alCa lMdab;mk rYmmanmhaPUtrUb4 bsaTrUb5 eKacrrUb4 PavrUb2 hTyrUb1 CIvti rUb1 GaharrUb1 CaKMrb;18 ehAfa nibnö rñ Ub18 ¬rUbEdltak;Etg ekIteLIgR)akd¦ . ÉrUb10eTot ehAGnibnö rñ bU eRBaHekIteLIg)an GaRs½yman citCþ aedImehtu rYmman ³ briecäTrUb b¤GakasrUb1 viBaØtrþi bU 2 vikarrUb3 lkçN³rUb4 CaGnibnö rñ Ub10 . rUbTaMg28enH ebIsEM dgfa rUbEtmYyk¾)an eRBaHRKan;EtCaFatu minRbkbedayehtu6Rbkar manelaP³ GelaP³CaedIm EtebImanehtu bc©y½ KWGkuslmUlekIteLIgehIy k¾rEmgekItRBmedayGasv³ enARtg;rbU enH . kekItmkCarUb Etgsßti enAkñgú GMNacrbs;CraBüaFi eRBaHman CrtarUbekItCamYy EdlCarUb\tsmudaæ n . rUbenH bMEbk[l¥itbMput )anCabrmaNU ehAfa klab³ nwgEck eTAeTotmin)aneLIy . kñgú mYyklab³manrUb8 ehAfa Gvinei BÖaKrUb 8 KWTkw 1 dI1 ePøgI 1 xül;1 BN’1 køni 1 rs1 »C1 . 96

rUbenH ebIviPaKn½y eTAtamsPav³muxgarGaytn³ nwgmann½yCa eRcIneTotdUcCa ³ - bsaTrUb5 KWrbU xagkñgú ehAfaGCÄtþki rUb enAsl;23rUb ehA BahirrUb CarUbxageRkA . - bsaTrUb5 nigviBaØtrþi Ub2 ehAfa TVarrUb enAsl;21rUb ehAfa GTVarrUb . - bsaTrUb5 PavrUb2 nigCIvti rUb1 ehAfa \®nÞyI _rbU 8 enAsl; 20rUb ehAfa Gni®nÞyI _rbU . Gvinei BaÖKrUb8 bsaTrUb5 PavrUb2 hTyrUb1 CIvti rUb1 sTÞrUb1 rYmCarUb18 ehIyrUbTaMg18enH ehAfa sPavrUb KWCarUbman lkçN³smÁal;nvU xønÜ rbs;stV buKlÁ . ÉrUb10enAesssl; ehAfa GsPavrUb eRBaHminmanlkçN³smÁal;nvU xønÜ rbs;stV buKÁl)an . enHCarebobeXIjrUb EdlCaFatupSM RbCMtu ak;Etg eTIbrUb brmtßekIteLIg)an eRbobdUcCaTwk ya:gehacRtUvman GuRI dUEhSn nig GuksIEu hSn rYmcUlKña eTIbenACaTwk)an cMeBaHdIvji ebIKµanFatuTkw k¾ Kg;stßi enAmin)anEdr . rIÉsmudaæ n KWehtuEdlRbCMtu ak;Etg[rUbekIt eLIgman4KW kmµ1 cit1þ ]tu1 Gahar1 . kmµC¢rUb KWrbU EdlekIteLIg edaysarkuslkmµ ¬bonne action¦ nigGkuslkmµ ¬mauvaise action¦ manrUb18 KW mhaPUtrUb4 bsaTrUb5 hTyrUb1 PavrUb2 CIvti rUb1 vNÑrbU 1 Kn§rUb1 rsrUb1 »CrUb1 GakasrUb1 . kmµC¢rUbenH ebIsni ekItkñgú KP’ KW ekItcMerIneLIg tamsMNMurbU cab;BbI disn§ki al cUldl;bvtþki al )an 97

RtwmCakmµC¢klab³ rhUt)anRKb;sN M kMu lab³9 . sMNkMu labTaMg9 KW³ 1> ckçTú sk³ manckçúbsaTrUb10 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvitrUb1 ckçú bsaTrUb1 rYmCa10 . 2> esatTsk³ manesatbsaTrUb10 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvitrUb1 esatbsaTrUb1 Ca10 . 3> XanTsk³ manXanbsaTrUb10 KWGvinieBÖaKrUb8 CIvti rUb1 XanbsaTrUb1Ca10 . 4> CIvað Tsk³ manCIvað bsaTrUb10 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvti rUb1 CIvað bsaTrUb1 Ca 10 . 5> kayTsk³ mankaybsaTrUb1 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvti rUb1 kaybsaTrUb1 Ca10 . 6> \tßPI avTsk³ man\tßPI avrUb10 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvti rUb1 \tßPI avrUb1 Ca10 . 7> bursi Tsk³ manbursi PavrUb10 KW Gvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvti 1 bursi PavrUb1 Ca10 . 8> vtßTú sk³ manhTyrUb10 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvti rUb1 hTyrUb1 Ca10 . 9> CIvitnvk manCIvitrUb9 KWGvinei BÖaKrUb8 CIvitrUbxøÜnÉg1 Ca9 . ehtuEdlfa sMNMuklab³TaMg9ekItGMBIkmµ KWGaRs½ymatabitarYm ePT eTIbCabc©y½ tak;Etg[ekItCarUbeLIg ehAfa kmµCk¢ lab³ enaH. mü:ageTot enAkñgú bvtþki al edaynUvkuslkmµ sMNrMu Ubk¾ceM rIn eLIg rhUt)anRKb;lkçN³sm,tþi Etedaymanvibtþei pSg² naM[søab; CIvti rUb Rtg;bsaTrUbNamYy dUcCaPavTsk³ekItmin)an mnusSRbsUtmk eTACaexÞyI ebICvI ti rUbvinasenARtg;sN M cMu kçTú sk³ mnusSstVkx¾ aV k; 98

BIkeM NIt eRBaHedayehtukmµCaGkuslNamYy eTIbrUbekItmkvinas ya:gdUecñH . EdlehAfa kmµCaehtu[rUbekItenaH k¾GaRs½ymancitþ Cabc©y½ eTIbkmµCaGMeBI CakargarmYyenaHRbRBwteþ TA)an . ÉcitCþ asmudæan[mankmµ ekIt)anCarUb man25dYg KWGkuslcitþ 12 kamavcrkuslcit8þ rU)avcrkuslcit5þ . cit2þ 5dYgenHCaehtunaM[ ekItkmµCr¢ bU 18 eRBaHrUbekIt GaRs½ykmµCabc©y½ eTIbekIteLIg)an . kmµCr¢ Ub18enaHman ³Gvinei BÖaKrUb8 \®nÞy i rUb8 hTyrUb1 briecäTrUb1 . rUbTaMg18enH KWksu lkmµ jaugM [kmµCk¢ lab³ekIt RKb;sN M Mru bU taMgBIbvtþki al smÁal;fa rUbkaymanRKb;lkçN³sm,tþi EtrUbenHminTan;GacRbRBwtkþ gñú \riyabf KWedk edIr Qr GgÁyú niyay sþGI V)I aneLIy KWRtUvmancitCþ r¢ bU 15 . citC þ r¢ Ub15KW ³ vikarrUb3 viBaØtrþi Ub2 sTÞrbU 1 Gvinei BÖaKrUb8 briecäTrUb1 eTIbGacRbRBwtnþ vU kaykmµ vcIkmµ)an . citþC¢rUb15enH ebIsEM dgviPaKklabn½y mancitþC¢klab6 KW³1> Gvinei BÖaKrUb8 ehA suTd§ kæ ³ ekItrYmnwg³2> kayviBaØtrþi bU 1 RtUvCa9 ehAkayviBaØtnþi vk. 3> vcIvBi aØtrþi bU 1 sTÞTsk1RtUvCa10 ehAfa vcIvBi aØtsþi TÞTsk. 4> lhutarUb bEnßmeTotCa11 ehAfa lhutaTiRteykaTsk 5> kayviBaØtrþi bU niglhutarUb)anCarUb1eTot bEnßmCa12 ehA kayviBaØtlþi hutaTiRtyTVaTsk . 6> vcIvBi aØtþirUb lhutarUb nigsTÞrbU 1eTot bEnßmCa13ehA vcIviBaØtsþi TÞlhutaTiRtyetrTsk . kmµCk¢ lab³9 citþC¢klab³6 ekItehIytaMgenA)an KWGaRs½yeday 99

man]tuCabc©y½ rYmman sIteteCaFatu KWFatuRtCak;1 nig]NðeteCaFatu KWFatuekþA1. ePøgI FatuTaMgBIrenaH jaúgM rUb[ekIt ehIy[taMgenA ehA ]tuCr¢ Ubxagkúgñ . ÉePøgI FatuxageRkA KWePøgI FatuedImeQI PñCM aedImk¾ jaúgM ]tuC¢rUbxageRkA[ekIt [taMgenA dUcrUbstVbuKlÁ Edr. 2 ]tuCr¢ b U 13enH KWGvinei BaÖKrUb8 sTÞrbU 1 GakasrUb1 lhutarUb1 muTtu a1 kmµBaØtarUb1. rUbebIKaµ nFatuRtCak; ekþA rUb ekIteLIgmin)an ekItehIytaMgenAk¾mni )an eRBaHGvinei BaÖKrUb8 CaFatu sRmab;tak;EtgsgçarFm’ minGacxVHFatu]tu EdlCardUv begátI FmµCati ekþARtCak;)aneLIy. 2 ]tuCr¢ b U 13 ebIsEM dgklab³n½yman4 KW ³ 1> Gvinei BaÖKrUb8 ehAsuTd§ kæ ekItrYmnwg ³ 2> sTÞrbU 1eTot ehAsTÞnvk 3> vikarrUb3eTot ehAlhutaTiÉkaTsk 4> sTÞrbU pg nigvikarrUbpg ehAfa sTÞlhutaTiTaV Tsk CaKMrb; ]tuCk¢ lab³4. kmµCr¢ bU ekItmanRKb;lkçN³sm,tþi citCþ r¢ bU k¾Kg;ekItman ]turbs; briyakas k¾Kg;clU mk]btßmKÖ aMRT min[RtCak;eBk min[ekþAeBk ehIyRtUvmanGaharrcna[eTACa»C³ edayeRKÓgynþsrIr³man efømI RkBH sYt begátI )anQam ehIyRtUvebHdUgbBa¢ÚneTAsBVsB’ agÁkay edIm,I]btßmcÖ Bi a¢wmKaMRT eTIbkmµC¢rbU EbkFøayeTABu)M an. rUbtRmUv[manGahar]btßmKÖ aMRT eTIbtaMgenA)an manrUb12 KWvki arrUb3 Gvinei BaÖKrUb8 briec©TrUb1 . rUbTaMg12enHman»CciBa©mw 100

rkSaTuk begátI )anCafamBl eTIbcitGþ acjaMgú vikarrUb3 briec©TrUb1 [ekIteLIg)an stVbKu lÁ manCIvti RbkbedayfamBl k¾GaceFVcI lna)an. 2 GaharC¢rb U 12enH ebIviPaKCaklabn½y½ man2 KW ³ 1> Gvinei BaÖKrUb8 ehA suTd§ kæ ¬Gdæk³8¦ekItrYmnwg 2> vikarrUb3 ehAfa lhutaTiÉkaTsk ÉlkçN³rYb4 nigGakasrUb1 BuEM mnCaGgÁénklab³eLIy ehIy lkçN³rUbenH k¾BuMmansmudaæ nEdr.rUbTaMg28 ebIsEM dgCasmudaæ n TaMg4 dUc)ansMEdgxagelI KWman rUb58CaBisaþ r ebIKti Caklab³eTA tamsMNnuM mI yY ² man21klab³ EdlbMEbkeTAeTotmin)an. rUbrbs;eTvta eRbt nrk Gsurkay EdlCa]b)atikkMeNIt kal ebIstVcab;bdisn§i rUbrbs;stVTaMgenHk¾ekItRKb;Paø m EtrUbenHekIt )anCakmµCk¢ lab³ KWBuMGacekIt)anCakmµC¢rUbeLIy. ÉkmµC¢ lab³manEt4EdrKW ³ ckçTú sk1 esatTsk1 vtßTú sk1 CIvti nvk1 ehIyklab³TaMg4enH enACaklab³rhUtTal;stVsaø b; KWBmuM ankmµ C¢klab³9 dUcClaBuC kMeNIteLIy. kmµC¢klab³EdlBYkGaTisS mankayBuMmanenaHKW ³ XanTsk1 Civað Tsk1 \tßPI avTsk1 bursi PavTsk1 kayTsk1 . ehtudeU cñHehIy eTIbBYkbufCu n¢ minGacemIleXIjBYkstV]b)a tikkMeNItenaH. tamkarsegátpÞal;xønÜ BYkstVenH ebIcg;nmi µti [ mnusSGacemIleXIjrUbrbs;xnøÜ )an RtUvEtrYmCamYyFatuenAkúgñ briyakas EfmeTot eTIbGacnimtµi )an . ÉcitCþ k¢ lab³6 ]tuC¢klab³4 KWmandUcCa 101

mnusSeyIgEdr rWÉGaharC¢klab³2 BYkGaTisSmankay BumM aneLIy. karsVHEsVgriHrkeXIjbrmtßrbs;RBHbrmRKU enARtg;kalNa ebIviPaKn½yrbs;rUbenH KWeXIjEtFatupSM¬Corps composés¦kalebIeFVI karbMEbkFatupSMenH[l¥ti bMptu CabrmaNU KW)anCaklab³ . Rbsin ebICvI ti rUbenH RtUvvinas eTIbFatupSMenaH RtUvEbkFøaydac;ecjBIKañ edayELk² eTArkFatuedImerog²xønÜ . ebIviPaKrksmudaæ n[ekItrUb [rUbGacsßitenA KWepþmI ecjBIehtu 4ya:g xagelIkat;mindac;BKI añ eXIjfarUbminGacCaFatudgw nUvral; GV²I )aneLIy. dUecñHrUbenH KWCashCatFm’ CasgçarFm’ eRBaHtak;EtgbegátI eLIg edaynUvkarpSMFatuTaMgLay ehIyk¾CasgçtFm’ eRBaHekIteLIg GaRs½yehtu bc©y½ nigrEmgEbkFøayvinaseTAvijCaFmµta edaysar EtrUbenHekItmk ekItRBmnUvlkçN³rUb4 EdlCarUb\tehtu Kµan smudaæ n . 3

GMBIbBaØtþiFm’ citþ ectsik kuslFm’ GkuslFm’ KWCanamFm’tak;EtgekIt manenAkñgú sMsarvdþenH GaRs½ymanbBaØtþFi m’ rUbFm’Cabc©y½ . bzvIFatu1 Gae)aFatu1 eteCaFatu1 vaeyaFatu1 GakasFatu1 viBaØaNFatu1 KWCaburaNFm’ CaemFatuEdl)antak;EtgFmµCatiTeU TA kñgú elak [ekItmaneLIg edaymanGakasFatu CaGñkCbBUtpþúM [ekIt 102

)anCacRkvaL manGanuPaBbNþHú pSaMBCU viBaØaN [ekIt)anCastVtcU stVFM k¾dcU rukCç atiTaMgLay . RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ tas;sEM dgfa Fatu TaMg6 CabrmtßFm’ eRBaHCaFm’manBit CaviCm¢ ansc©³ edayEcg fa Fatu5 CarUbFm’ viBaØaNFatu CanamFm’ EdlekItmanRsab;² . bBaØtþiFm’ sMedAelIkarEtgtaMg karkMNt; karsnµtBakü eQµaH sRmab;ehA sRmab;eRbIR)as;ceM BaHmnusSstV vtßúRTBüsm,tþTi aMgman viBaØaN TaMgGt;vBi aØaNfa cMENkenH[ehAfadUecñH cMENkenaH[ehA fadUecñaH . KWfakalstVsgçarekIteLIgR)akd manGaytn³ tamkar tak;Etgrbs;FmµCatikþI tamkarpSMFatuEbbbec©kviTüaTMenIbkþI mnusSk¾ )anEtgtaMgeQµaHsRmab;ehA sRmab;eRbIeTAtamehtuplsPav³xag eRkA² b¤eTAtamkarniymt²Kña eday\t)ansikSaviPaKGMBbI rmtßFm’ mYyRbePT²rbs;stVsgçarTaMgGm,alenaHfa manFatuGVxI Hø Casmudaæ n CalkçN³enaHeLIy . bBaØtFþi m’man2RbkarKW ³

1> bBaØabiytþabBaØtþi ³ )andl;karbBaØtiCþ aehtuedIm,IjaMgu Kña nwgKña [)andwgCaTUeTA EdlGacarüelak)anEtgtaMgTukBIxagedImnUvevahars½BÞ nUveQµaHTaMgLaysMrab;sKM al;kgñú kareRbIR)as;tamtRmUvkar . 2> bBaØabnetþabBaØt³þi KWfakal)andwg )anB¤ )aneronsURtecHdwgnUv bBaØtþiFm’ Edl)anEtgtaMgTukCaxagedImenaH enAeBlRtUvkar mnusSk¾ ykmkeRbIR)as;kgúñ eBlCaxageRkay tamrebobCakareRbIBaküeTal b¤ BaküsmastamrebobeFVsI MeyaKrvagBakübrmtßFm’ nigbBaØtþi b¤ bBaØtþi nigbrmtß rvagbrmtß nigbrmtß b¤rvagbBaØtþi nigbBaØtþi . 103

GMBIbrmtßFm’ brmtßFm’ KWseM dAeTAelImhaPUtrUb4 ])aTayrUb24 cit8þ 9 dYg ectsik52dYg rYmTaMgRbB½nF§ mµnyi amTaMgLaydUcCa Tuksç mudaæ nGriysc©³ Tuknç ei raFKaminbI dibTaCaedIm . mhaPUtrUb4CaFatu smudaæ n [rUbekIt GaRs½ykmµ cit]þ )aTan ]tu Gahar tak;Etg)anCa stVbKu lÁ . kalebIrYbFm’TaMg4RbCMcu Hu RBmesµKI ña kñgú PBénkMeNItTaMg4 GakasFatu rEmgEkéxFatu nigCbqk;vBi aØaN [bdisn§ci Hu taMgenA Rtg;PBenaH² )aneQµaHfaPvgÁ . PvgÁenHkalebIbBaØtþiFm’ rUbFm’mk R)akdenARtg;Gaytn³ citþ ectsik RbePTCakuslkþI CaGkuslkþI rEmgekItrlt; eLIgCaFmµtaenAkñgú snþanrbs;stVbKu Ál . citþ ectsikenHehIy Edl)anjaMgu kmµvdþrbs;stþnki r[ekIt manrkTIbpM tu Kµan CaehtunaM[bBaØtþiFm’ rUbFm’k¾ecHEtekItmaneLIg nigmanGtßPi aB kñgú elakrkTIbpM tu KµanEdr . BaküfastV buKÁl xønÜ R)aN rUbkay cat;Tku CabBaØtþiFm’ cMENkrUbFatu citþ ectsik rbs;stV buKÁl xønÜ R)aN rUbkay CabrmtßFm’ . stV buKÁltaMgenA eRBaHmanbc©y½ 4sRmab;GaRs½y ciBa©mw ]btßmKÖ aMRT k¾dcU brmtßFm’ CarUbFm’TaMg4 kalminTan;EbkFøayecjBIKañ k¾eRBaHGaRs½yman ehtubc©y½ enAtak;Etg . stV buKÁl xønÜ R)aN rUbkay CaedIm cat;Tku CabBaØtFþi m’ Cakar snµt ¬smµtbi ,BaØt¦þi eRBaHkalebImhaPUtrUb4 EbkFøayecjBIKañ eTA 104

rkFatuedImerog²xønÜ vij enAkñgú cRkvaL BaküsMKal;fa stV buKlÁ xønÜ R)aN rUbkay k¾ElgRbckSnwgGaytn³eTot ERbeTACavtßeú saHsUnü TeT cMENkmhaPUtrUb4 k¾enAEtCamhaPUtrUb4 CarUbFatusRmab;tak; Etg[stVekIt min)anERbeTACavtßdú éTeLIy . eTIbrUbFm’enHcat; Cabrmtßsc©³enaH . ÉviBaØaN kalrUbFm’EbkFøayFatu rEmgcüútci akrUbFm’cas; ehIybdisn§ci Hu tkMeNItenARtg;PBmanmhaPUtrUb4fµI KWB)uM ansabsUnü eTACaRbkardéTeLIyEdr . eTIbkMeNItstVTaMg4RbePT ecHEtbnþ GtþPaBeTAtamplbuNü pl)aberog²xønÜ enAkñgú elaksnñvi asenH . mnusSelak)anbeg¥ancitþ CIvti eTArkbBaØtFþi m’ EdlCaGviC-¢ manbBaØtitþ aMgBIyrU lg;Nas;mkehIy rhUtmkdl;bc©bú ,nñ bBaØtFþi m’ EbbviTüasa®sþ)anbNþHú mhictä acitþmnusS kan;EtmankMrti x<s; eFV[I mhaPUtrUb4 mankarERbRbYly:agxøagM . eTaHbImankarRtas;dgw GMBI brmtßsc©³CaviC¢manehIykþI k¾mnusSCatimni Tan;)ansikSa ykeFVCI a maKa’edaHRsaybBaðaCIvti enAeLIyEdr . manEtkarRbRBwteþ nAkñgú elakRbkbedaytulüPaBrvagsmµtib,BaØtþ/i nigbrmtßb,BaØtþieT eTIbCa ehtuén suxsnþPi aB sßri PaBrbs;sgÁmCIvti . 3

105

GMBIcitbþ rmtß eTaHbIcti eþ nHemIlmineXIj Bal;minRtUvEtciteþ nHCaFmµCatiman BitenACab;CamYynwgrUb CabrmtßFm’dgw nUvGarmµN_ ÉrUbbrmtßenaH BuEM mnCaFmµCati dwgnUvGarmµN_)aneLIy. edIm,IvPi aKrksmudaæ n rbs;cti þ dMbgU KYrBini ti üeLIgvijGMBcI ti Cþ ¢rUb15 EdlmancitCþ k¢ lab³6 enaH eRBaHCaFatubc©y½ jaúgM [kmµC¢rUbmanclna rhUtGacRbRBwtkþ gñú \riyabfTaMgLay. ÉkmµCr¢ bU enaHmanCIvti Ri nÞyI _ EdlCacm,gkúgñ kar ciBa©mw rkSakmµC¢rUb GaRs½yedaysarfamBlrbs;Gahar cMraj;ecj )anCa»CrUb² KWCarUbFatumyY kñgú rUbFatu15rbs;cti Cþ ¢rUb EdlCa RbPBfamBlcm,grbs;kmµC¢rUb. rUbFm’ kal)at;bg;tulüPaBRbBn½s§ rIragÁ famBlekIteLIgmin )an rUbkayrbs;stV buKlÁ k¾BGuM ackMerIk)an mat;nyi aysþkI m¾ ni )an ÉCIvti rUbkalebIvni asehIy k¾rEmgjaugM rUbFm’ [EbkFøayecjBIKñaeTA rkFatuedImerog² xønÜ . tamkarBiesaFn_rbs;Gkñ viTüasa®sþ eK)anykxYrk,al nigxYr q¥gw xñgecjBIstV ¬kEgáb b¤Eqá¦ stVenaHEbrCaQb;manRbtikmµkeM rIk TaMgGs; cMeBaHGarmµN_xageRkA ÉebHdUgenAedIrCaFmµta. dUecñHxYr k,al nigxYrq¥gw xñgenHGacCaynþkarry³bnþ rvagcitCþ r¢ bU eTAnwg srésBYrrbs;sac;duM edIm,IjaúgM [srésBYrkMerIk eFVcI lna)an eRBaH xYrk,al xYrq¥gw xñg CaRbPBRbmUlpþúM RbB½ns§ résbsaTecjeTArkTVar bsaTrUbnigsac;duM TTYlbBa¢aBIcti þ EdlekItRtg;TaV r eTArkRKb;Gakar³ tamkmøagM rbs;vaeyaFatu naM[bzvIFatu EdlRbyugRbetagKña 106

b:HxÞb;Kañ eTIbrUbk¾GackMerIkeFVcI lna)an. citCþ r¢ UbKWrbU ekItGMBcI ti þrYm CamYynwgrdUvekþARtCak; rYmTaMgGahar rUbk¾eFVcI lnakMerIk)an eBl citcþ tu i KWcti Xþ aø tcakrUb xül;dkdegðmI k¾rlt; eRBaHxül; enHekItman edaysarcitþ CIvti k¾søab;)at;bg;eTAxN³enaHEdr . viTüasa®sþtamry³Gtisuxmu TsSn_ GacemIleXIjCIvti rUb)an EtminGacemIleXIjcitþ EdlCacMhay Capl b¤Cavi)akrbs;CvI ti rUb )aneLIy eRBaHciteþ nHtaMgenA GaRs½yRbtikmµmni Qb;rbs;CvI ti rUb eTAnwgsarFatuEdlenACuvM ji . CIvti rUbCaGñkbMeBjnUvtYnaTI edIm,I[ kmµC¢rUbKg;enA ÉcitCþ apl CacMhayfamBl EdlpSayecjBIclna rbs;CvI ti rUbenaH. Rtg;enHehIy ebICvI ti rUbrlt;cHu citkþ ¾ctu ;Ri Bm xül; degðmI dkecj k¾rlt;kgúñ xN³enH . enAeBlmnusSstVsøab;mandUcKña ya:genH GaRs½ypl b¤v)i akciteþ nHR)asecj k¾eRBaHKµanCIvti rUb RTRTg; EdlCaFatumyY kúgñ rUbFm’TaMg28Edr. eXIjfaCIvti rbs;stVbKu Ál KWGacsMedAykRtg;CvI itrUbenH Écitþ CaFmµCatiKaµ nrUb eRbóbdUcePøgI CasPav³manrUb emIleXIj ÉkMedACavtßú \trUb EtkMedAenHCaFmµCatimanBit ÉCIvti rUb nigciteþ nH CavtßFú mµCati manBitya:gdUecñaHEdr. KYrBinti übEnßmGMBCI rtarUb1 Gnict© arUb1 kalebIrUbenHcas;RKaM RKacuH Cabc©y½ [CraBüaFi CIvti k¾mni GacciBa©mw rkSaTukkmµCr¢ bU )an kmµC¢rUbk¾mni GaccMraj;yk»CrUb BIGaharbegátI CafamBl edIm,Ipþl; eTA[CIvti rUb k¾mni )an xN³enaHciteþ kItrlt;bnþeTAeTot)an17xN³ citþ. tamFmµtaKWCvi ti rUbenHRtUvekIteLIgbnþ enARtg;xN³citEþ dlekIt eLIgbnÞab;BxI N³cit1þ 7enH KWenARtg;cenøaHPvgÁ nigtTalm<N³. 107

edaysarEteBlenaH CIvti rUbminGacbeBa©jfamBl)anbnþeTot citþ k¾ctu Xi aø tcakrUb. CIvti rUbCacm,génrUb ¬CIvti Ri nÞyi ¦ ekIteLIgbnþ k¾mni )an rUbk¾rlt;cHu RBm kúgñ xN³Edlcutci ti þekIteLIg eFVkI ci ©cakrUbRKaMRKa enaH. dUecñHebIrbU Fm’cas;RKaMRKaehIy CIvti rUbk¾taMgenAmin)an KWCvi ti rUbk¾cas;RKaMRKadUcKña eRBaHCaFatupSMEtmYy ebICvI ti rUbrlt;cHu citþ k¾ctu Xi aø tcakCIvti rUbEdlRKaMRKaenaH . eXIjfaciteþ nHmanehtu bc©y½ GaRs½yedaynUvCIvti rUbya:gBit CIvti rUbekItrlt;taMgenA)an GaRs½yedayrUbminTan;cas;RTuDeRTamcuH . rUbFm’cas;RKaMRKa CIvti rUbCacm,génrUbRtUvvinas citkþ c¾ tu ci akrUb xül;GsSasb,sSas³k¾ rlt;Gs;RBmEdr . Rtg;enHehIyEdlRBHGriybuKÁl minGacsMEdg [dac;RsLH ecjBIKañ )an. ebIsEM dgBIhTyrUb CakEnøgpÞkú Qam EdlcMraj;ecjBIGahar pSMCamYyvaeyaFatu EdlcUlCamYyxül;dkdegðmI edIm,Iplþ ;eTA [CIvti rUb ekItmansac;QameLIg kalebIGs;QambNþalmkBIKaµ n Gahar b¤edayRbkarénkmµTaMgLay kmøagM KWfamBl k¾cHu exSay eTA² Gs;Qam¬Gae)aFatu¦enAeBlNa CIvitrUbCaFMcm,génrUb k¾bBaÄb;Rbtikmµrbs;xønÜ CIvti k¾søab;)at;bg; citkþ c¾ tu ci akrUb . eXIjfa rUbRKaMRKaRTuDeRTamkþI Gs;Qamkúgñ hTyrUbkþI citcþ tu ci akrUb dUcKña . dUecñHBaküCIeva k¾mann½yfaCacitþ eTIbCIvti CabuerCatb,c©½y Écitþ CabcäaCatb,c©y½ enaH . CIvti rUb kalebIRCYtRCabeday»CrUb begátI )anCafamBlPayeTAsBVsrIr³ eRbobdUcePøgI FatukBM gu eqHrEmgman kMedAsayPayeTARKb;TIGakasRtg;kEnøgenaH KWCacMehHrbs;kmµC¢rUb 108

EdlmanCIvti rUbCacm,gekIteLIgrvag»CrUb ]turUb ehIycMhayrbs; famBlk¾hUrecjeTAmindac;xN³eBl eRbóbdUcTwkhUr . cMhay famBlEdlPayecjBICvI ti rUb dMbgU bMptu ehAfaPvgÁ b¤bNÐr³ eRBaH cMhayenHmanBN’s b¤enAbrisTu § minTan;ERbkøayeTACaFmµCatidgw GarmµN_enAeLIy eTIbPvgÁcat;Tku Cavi)akcitþ ehIyk¾Cavi)akcitCþ an; cas;GtItpgEdr . enAeBlEdlExSPvgÁenH hUreTAb:HnwgTVarbsaT rUbNamYy xN³eBlEdlGarmµN_mkb:HxÞb;ngw bsaTrUbenaH PvgÁ k¾RtUvbsaTrUb vicRi tEkéx eTAtammuxnaTIrbs;Gaytn³nImyY ²Ca xN³² rhUtkøayeTACacitþ nigectsikenARtg;Gaytn³nImyY ² . famBlrbs;CvI it manenARKb;sBVsB’ agÁkay eTIbcitkþ e¾ kItman enAsBVsB’ agÁkay. edIm,IEsVgyl;GBM cI ti eþ nH faehtudcU emþck¾dgw GarmµN_ snSMGarmµN_ sÁal;GarmµN_ caMGarmµN_)an KWRtUvcab;Bni ti ü BIPvgÁenH. PvgÁkþI citk þ eþI kItrlt;myY xN³FMRtUvman3xN³tUc KW]b,a TxN³ 1CaxN³EdlcitþekIteLIg zitxi N³mYyCaxN³EdlcitþtaMgenA nigPgÁ xN³1 CaxN³Edlcitþrlt;cHu . PvgÁcti eþ nHekItrlt;²eTACa erOy² minTan;GackøayeTACacit)þ anenAeLIy xN³EdlrUb sMeLg køni rs smäsSxageRkA minTan;mkb:HxÞb;ngw bsaTrUbxagkúgñ CYnkalman GarmµN_mkb:HxÞb;ehIy k¾mni GacekItvifcI ti eþ LIg)anPøam² Edr dUckrNIkMBugedklk; b¤GarmµN_Edlmkb:HxÞb;TVarbsaTrUb mankmøagM tictYc eBkRtwmCabritaþ rmµN_. eBlPvgÁekItbnþ BIPvgÁmun EdlCaGtItPvgÁ ExSPvgÁkj¾ r½ eLIg edaysarmanGarmµN_mkb:HxÞb;bsaTrUb²kMerIkeLIg eFV[I j½rdl;ExS PvgÁ . ExSPvgÁEdlj½renH ehAfaPvgÁcln³ . PvgÁcln³rlt;eTA 109

PvgÁT3I ekIteLIgCaPvgÁúbecäT eRBaHCaPvgÁekIteLIgcugeRkaykat; pþac;ExSPvgÁ KWxN³citsþ brisTu §rlt;CacugeRkayRtwmxNcitþenHEdr. GtItPvgÁ PvgÁcln³ PvgÁb ú ecäT CarYmehAfaPvgÁ RKan;Et CatYPBrbs;citþtaMgenA minTan;ehAfacitþ b¤vfi Icitþ)aneLIy. PvgÁúbecäT rlt;cHu citdþ gY dMbgU k¾ekIteLIg kat;ExSPvgÁenARtg;xagedIménbBa©TaV ravC¢nvifI b¤menaTVaravC¢nvifI ehIyk¾beg¥aneTArkGarmµN_ EdlkMBgu mkb:HxÞb;ngw TVarbsaTrUb² rYmCamYynwgGarmµN_Edlb:HxÞb;xnøÜ enaHvicRi t Ekéxcitdþ gY dMbgU enH [beg¥anejaceLIg eFVGI avC¢nkicn© kw rkedIm,Ietag cab;Pa¢ b;ykGarmµN_enARtg;TaV rbsaT eFV[I tYPvgÁrlt;cHu Gs;eTA eTIb bBa©TaV ravC¢ncitþ CavifcI ti Tþ 1I ekIteLIg køayCaFatudgw vij Etk¾min Tan;dwg)anc,as;las;fa CaGVImYyenAeLIyEdr . )anCaehAfa bBa©TaV ravC¢ncitþ eRBaHGavC¢nciteþ nHekItenARtg;TaV rTaMg5 eTIbehACa rYmCaya:genH. GavC¢nciteþ nHman2dYgKW ³ mYydYgeFVGI avC¢nkic©tamTVarTaMg5ehA bBa© TVaravC¢ncitþ nigmYydYgeToteFVGI avC¢nkict© ammenaTVar ehAfa menaTVaravC¢ncit.þ citTþ aMgBIrdYgenH Cakiryi acitþ BuEM mnCakuslcitþ CaGkuslcitþ nigCavi)akciteþ LIy ebIeFVGI avC¢nkic©Rtg;ckçTú aV r ehAfackçTú aV ravC¢ncitþ b¤esatTVaravC¢n CaedIm ehIyekItrlt;Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna. bBa©TaV ravC¢ncitrþ lt; Cabc©y ½ naM[vifcI ti Tþ I2 ekItbnþ GaRs½yGMNacsm,yutFþ m’rbs;RbB½nb§ saT vicRi tEkéxbegátI )anCa FatueXIj FatuB¤ Fatudgw rs Fatudgw sm¢sS rbs;GarmµN_ Edlmkb:H xÞb;xnøÜ enaH. FmµCatiEdldwgGarmµN_c,as;kgúñ xN³enH ehAfaviBaØaN citþ ebIdgw eXIjGarmµN_enARtg;ckçTú aV r ehAfackçvú iBaØaNcitCþ aedIm. 110

GavC¢ncitdþ gY dMbgU Cakiryi acitþ eFVGI avC¢nkicr© avrkeday beg¥aneTA rkGarmµN_ ehIyenARtwm)andwgfa manGVmI kb:HxÞb;TaV rbu:eNÑaHeRbób dUcm©as;pHÞ dwgfamanePJóvmkdl;ehIy EtminTan;)aneXIj ¬ebIekIt Rtg;ckçTú aV r¦faePJóvenaHCaGñkNa. EtenAeBlGarmµN_pSMCamYyFatu rbs;bsaTrUb RtUvsgçarFm’rbs;TVarbsaTrUbrcnaEkéx k¾)aneQµaHfa citþ b¤vBi aØaN. eTIbBaküfacitþ b¤vBi aØaNcitþ ¬bBa©vBi aØaN¦ enHman eQµaHehAfa vicRi tenaH. viBaØaNcitC þ avifcI ti Tþ I2rlt;cHu Cabc½y© [vifcI ti Tþ 3I KWsm,dicnä ñ citeþ kIteLIg TTYlykGarmµN_enaHTuk EdlviBaØaNcitbþ Ba¢nÚ mk[Ca bc©y½ [snþrI Ncitþ CavifcI ti Tþ 4I ekIteLIg BicarNanwkrkGarmµN_Edl R)akdtamTVarTaMg5fa Ca\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ rmµN_ . viBaØaNcitþ sm,dicnä cñ ti þ snþrI Ncitþ CalT§pl éncitEþ dl ekItI eLIg GaRs½ykiriyacitþeQµaHGavC¢n Edl)aneFVkI iriyabeg¥an eTArkGarmµN_ eTIbplcitTþ aMg3 k¾dgw nUvGarmµN_ekItrlt; Rbkb eday]ebkçaevTna elIkElgEtkayviBaØaNcitþ ekItrlt;Rbkbeday suxevTna Tukeç vTna eRBaHkayviBaØaNenHdwgGarmµN_ GaRs½ymhaPUt rUbb:HxÞb;ngw mhaPUtrUb Cakarb:HxÞb; EdlmankmøagM xøagM Cagkarb:H xÞb;rvag])aTayrUb nig])aTayrUb dUcCakarb:HxÞb;r)U armµN_ nig ckçbú saTrUbCaedIm EdlGaceRbób)anCakarb:HxÞb; rvagsMLnI gw sMLyI a:gdUcKñaEdr. snþrI Ncitrþ lt;cuH vifcI t i Tþ 5I KWevadævncitþ Cakiryi acitþekIteLIg eFVIevadævnkic© KWkci ©seM rcfaenHCa\dæarmµN_ ¬GarmµN_CaTIeBjcit¦þ b¤faCaGnidaæ rmµN_ ¬GarmµN_mni CaTIR)afña¦. evadævncitþrlt;cHu vifcI t i Tþ 6I ekIteLIg KWCvncitþ cab;esaynUvrs 111

rbs;GarmµN_ tamevadævncitsþ eM rcCabc©y½ ebICvnciteþ kItenARtg;ckçTú Var k¾)aneXIjc,as;farUbenHFMtcU eRKatRKat GaRkk;mni CaTIR)afñarbs;cti þ b¤eXIjrUbenHPørW elagRss;s¥at KYrCaTIR)afñarbs;citéþ RkeBkCaedIm. Éevadævnciteþ naH k¾ekItrlt;enARtg;menaTVarEdr )aneQµaHfa menaTVaravC¢n ebIekItenARtg;bBa©TaV r eTIbehAfaevadævncit.þ citeþ kIt rlt;enARtg;menaTVarenH eTIbGackan;ykGarmµN_)an TaMgkúgñ GtIt kal GnaKtkal nigbc©bú ,nñkalehAfa menaTVaravC¢nciteþ FVeI vadævn kic©seM rcsÁal;c,as;fa enHCa\dæarmµN_ enHCaGnidaæ rmµN_ EdlehAfa nwkKiterOy² Etkúgñ xN³enaHcitkþ m¾ ni )andwgGarmµN_ tamTVarbsaT rUbpÞal;enAcMeBaHmuxEdr. CvncitEþ dlekIteLIg esayrsrbs;GarmµN_enaHKW ekItrlt;² esayGarmµN_dEdl² rhUtdl;eTA7xN³Cab;²Kña Cabc©y½ [vifcI ti þ TI7KWtTalm<Nciteþ kIteLIg Rsavetagkan;ykGarmµN_Tku EdlCvn vifcI ti eþ sayehIyenaH ekItrlt;²2xN³Cab;²KñaeTot eTIbtTalm<N citþ enHrlt;cHu mkenARtg;ExSPvgÁdcU edIm ekItrlt;²hak;dcU CaenArg;caM kalebIvfi cI ti þ Cakiryi aminTan;ekIteLIg ¬GavC¢nkiriya¦. srubvifcI ti þman7RbkarenH ebIKti CaxN³man14xN³ ebIyk PvgÁTaMg3xN³ mkbBa©lÚ )anCa17xNcit.þ ebIr)U armµN_CaedIm CaGtimhnþarmµN_ KWGarmµN_xøagM køa c,as; las;mktaMgenA)anRKb;TaMg17xNciteþ nH rUbFm’EdlekIteLIg eTIb rlt;cHu mYydg eXIjfaciteþ nHekItrlt;² tKñarhUt)an17xN³dUcsMEdg xagelI eTIbcitrþ lt;mkekItenARtg;ExSPvgÁ ÉrUbFm’k¾rlt;cHu 1dg Rtg;xN³enHEdr xül;dkdegðmI k¾dkecjenARtg;xN³enHdUcKña . 112

dUecñHrUbFm’enH EdlmanCIvti rUbCacm,g KWCaTIekItciteþ dayBit manGtßPi aBrbs;rUbFm’enH eTIbciteþ kIteLIg)an . eRkayBIekIt)anCa citeþ hIy RtUvRbkbnwgrUbFm’enH EdlCasgçarFm’ rcna)aneTACasux evTna Tukeç vTnaCadMbgU bMptu enARtg;kayTVartaMgBIenAkúgñ épÞrbs; mataemøH: . bnÞab;mksuxevTna Tukeç vTnaenH enAeBlRbsUtcakputépÞmata tamry³karsRmbsRmYleTAnwgFatuGakas karfñak;fmñ k¾GacERbkøay bnþci mþg² yUr²eTAk¾eTACaesckþeI RtkGr esckþeI Bjciti þ esckþfI añ gM fñak;cti cþ eM BaHGarmµN_ . Cvncitþ nigtTalm<Ncitþke¾ saynUvrsrbs; \dæarmµN_ nigGnidaæ rmµN_dEdl²CaerOy² eTIbsMKal;cti þenHfa Ca FmµCatisnSMsnþan . citþEdlsnSM etagcab;GarmµN_Cabnþ²min dac;ry³ Cvncitþ tTalm<Ncitþ k¾ngw jaúgM kay [RsvaetagyksVH EsVgrkrbs;CaTIeBjcitþ bdiesFrbs;mni CaTIR)afña ERbeTACakusl Cvn GkuslCvnedayBit. Écutci t i eþ naH KWekItkúñgTIbpM tu énbc©bú ,nñCati KWenAeBlEdl mrNsnñkalmkdl; CYnkalCvnekIteLIg)an5xN³k¾rlt;cHu tTal m<NcitþekIteLIg2xN³ ehIyrlt;eTA cutei kIteLIg1xN³ stVk¾saø b; ehIybdisn§ti eTA . CYnkalcutei kItkúgñ TIbpM tu énCvncitþ CYnkal ekItkúgñ TIbpM tu énPvgÁcti kþ ¾man¬eBlsnøb;¦ eTIbbdisn§ei kItbnþkgñú PBfµI ebIctu ci ti þekItRtg;TbI pM tu énCvnvifI kúgñ kalstVsnøb;enaH KWCvncitþ ekIt)anEt6xN³munnwgcutci ti eþ kIteLig ebIbKu lÁ enaHminsøab; dwgxønÜ vij buKlÁ k¾ngw dwgerOgra:vepSg² EdlmkR)akdkúñgCvnvifI Cakmµnmi ti þ b¤CaKtinimti þ minEdlxan . 113

KMnUrtagvifIcitþekItrlt;tamCYrxN³ 1 2

GtItPvgÁ

PvgÁcln³

PvgÁbú ecäT

Past Bhavanga

Vibrating Bhavanga

ARRest Bhavanga

GavC¢n

bBa©vBi aØaN

sm,dicänñ

Sense door consciousness

Sense conscioussness

Receiving consciousness

snþrI N

Cvn

Investigating Consciousness

Javana Consciousness

tTalm<N

evadævn

Determining consciousness

Registering Consciousness

114

GMBIGarmµN_n½y

rUbFm’Cabc©y½ [namFm’ekIt eRBaHkalebIrUbekItR)akdman RKb;lkçN³sm,tþei hIy citþ nigectsikk¾Kg;ekIteLIg)an eTIbrUbenH maneQµaHfa buerCatb,c©y½ citmþ aneQµaHfa bcäaCatb,c©y½ . Écitþ enHk¾Cabc©y½ Casmudaæ n [rUbekIteLIg)an eRBaHrUbEdlKYrEtnwgekIt munenaH KWmni ekIttamTMenIgxønÜ Ég cMENkmYy KWRtUvGaRs½ycitþ ectsik EdlekIteRkay Cabc©y½ ]btßmKÖ aMRT[CakmøagM eTIbrUbekIt eLIgtaMgenA)an . eXIjfaciteþ Rbób)anCaesñót EdlenAesots‘k cgrwtklab³rbs;rbU Fm’ [taMgenAya:grwgmaM eRbób)annwgpÞHeQI d¾rwgmaM GaRs½yedaysaresñótya:gNamij . ÉkayviBaØtþi vcI viBaØtkþi d¾ cU famBlrbs;srIr³TaMgLay mankarRbRBwteþ TAya:grwgmaM)an k¾edaysarcitþ TukdUcCaesñótEdr . rUbCabuerCatb,c©y½ enHman2y:agKW ³1> vtßúbeu rCatb,c©y½ manbsaTrUb5 hTyrUb1 rYmCavtßú6Rbkar manckçvú tßCú aedIm. 2> GarmµN_beu rCatb,c©y½ k¾man6RbkarEdr dUcCarU)armµN_Ca edIm kalebImkR)akdkúgñ bBa©TaV rvifI eTIbCabc©y½ [viBaØaNFatuTaMg7 KWvfi cI ti Tþ aMg7 ekIteLIg)an k¾edaysarGMNacénbuerCatb,c©y½ KWrbU kUne§ kItmuntaMgBIbvtþki aleroglMdab;mkEdr . vtßrú UbTaMg6KW ckç1ú esat1 Xan1 Civað 1 kay1 hTy1 taMg enACaTI1 kalebIGarmµN_beu rCatb,c©y½ KWrU)armµN_ sTÞarmµN_ Kn§armµN_ rsarmµN_ epadæBaVrmµN_ FmµarmµN_)an»kasmkR)akdkúgñ vtúrß UbTaMg 6ehIy ekItmanCaTI2 xageRkayenHbnÞab; KWvBi aØaNFatuTaMg7 rYmman bBa©TaV ravC¢n1 bBa©vBi aØaN1 sm,dicnä 1ñ snþrI N1 evadævn1 Cvn1 tTalm<N1 k¾Kg;ekIteLIg)an . ÉxagmenaTVarenaHman 115

hTyvtßCú aTI1 FmµarmµN_CaTI2 kalebI)an»kasmkenARtg;mena TVarvifI xageRkayenHmenaTVaravC¢n1 Cvn1 tTalm<N1 k¾nkw Kit RsémcMeBaH FmµarmµN_enaHeLIg. na»kasenH nwgelIkykGarmµN_beu rCatb,c©y½ mksMEdgfa rUb sMeLg køni rs smösSenH maneQµaHfa Galm<N1 GarmµN1 . 2 eQµaHfa Galm<N eRBaHCavtßúFmµCati sMrab;ct i þetagykCa kmøagM eTIbciteþ kIteLIg)an ebIKaµ nGarmµN_NamYy TaMgFmµarmµN_kmþI k [citeþ tag citkþ e¾ kItmin)an . elakeRbóbGarmµN_TaMg6 TukdUcCaExS BYr EdlkMBgu EtsMygu cuH eTAb:HnwgbsaTrUbTaMg6 manckçbú saTCa edIm. ÉPvgÁcti þ elakeRbóbeTAnwgmnusSxVni mankmøagM exSay xMRbwg cab;etagExSKWGarmµN_TaMg6enaH ebIGarmµN_CaExSNamYyrwgmaM CaGti mhnþarmµN_ b¤mhnþarmµN_ RtUvmnusSxVni KWPvgÁcti cþ ab;etagExS KWGarmµN_enaH)an mnusSxVni KWPvgÁcti eþ naH k¾eRkakQreLIgzitenAnwg )anyUr eTAtamGMNacénExS KWGarmµN_enaHedayBit. ebIGarmµN_ enaHtictYcCabritaþ rmµN_ mankmøagM exSay KµanGMNac\T§Bi l citcþ ab; etagGarmµN_enaHenAmin)anyUreLIy dUcCaRKan;EtB¤eKR)ab; mineXIj B¤paÞ l; citmþ incab;etagGarmµN_ citkþ r¾ lt;Faø k;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁvji ekIt rlt;² enACaFmµta RbRkRtIdcU bursxVni enaH . 2 É GarmµN_ buerCatb,c©y ½ n½yTI2 k¾seM dAeTAelIvtß6ú Rbkar dUcsMEdgmkehIy EtGarmµN_enHsMKal;CaeRKÓgeRtkGrrbs;cti þ . kalebIrbU 1 semøg1 køni 1 rs1 smösS1 Fm’1 cUleTAb:HnwgckçTú aV r esatTVar XanTVar Civað TVar kayTVar menaTVar eTIbbsaTrUbNamYy 116

kMerIkj½reLIg ehAfaj½rExSPvgÁ bnÞab;mkExSPvgÁkQ ¾ b;jr½ ¬PvgÁú bec©T¦ExSPvgÁrlt;cHu eTIbCabc©y½ [vifcI ti þekIteLIgPøamCaxN³² rhUt )anesayrsCaTIR)afña eRtkGr b¤mni CaTIR)afñafñagM fñak;ngw GarmµN_TaMg6 EdlehAfa\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ rmµN_ . eTIbvtßTú aMg6maneQµaHfa GarmµN_ eRBaHCaeRKÓg Cavtßúmk[citeþ tag ehIyciteþ RtkGr b¤mni eRtkGrk¾ekIteLIg. CvncitEþ dlesayrs\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ rmµN_ enaH KWekItrlt;² bnþCab;Kañ Gs;7xN³ citkþ e¾ sayGs;7dgCab;²Kña Edr rlt;eTA eTIbtTalm<Ncitþ ekIteLIgnwketagyk\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ rmµN_ enaH KWekItrlt;²bnþCab;²KñaGs;2xNcitCþ ab;²KñaeTot eTIbrlt;cHu ExSPvgÁ k¾ekItrlt;²enACaRbRktI. ebIGarmµN_NaCabc©bú ,nñeXIj nwgEPñkBal;RtUvmktaMgenARKb;xNcitþTaMg17 ehAfa tTalm<Nvar³ GarmµN_enaH)aneQµaHCa GtimhnþarmµN_. ebIGarmµN_NaCabc©bú ,nñ EPñkeXIjédBal;RtUvmktaMgenARtwm Cvnciteþ kItrlt;Gs;7xN³ citkþ F¾ aø k;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁ ÉtTalm<Ncitþ minekIt elakehAfa Cvnvar³GarmµN_ dUecñH)aneQµaHCamhnþarmµN_ citkþ G¾ acnwkcaMsKM al;GarmµN_enaH)aneTAGnaKt eRBaHCvn)anesay dwgrsCatiehIy EdlehAfasBaØaectsikenaH. GarmµN_xHø mk[citþ etageLIg )anRtwmevadævnvifi I ekIteLIg)an2xNcittþ cU KW]b,aT1 zit1i citkþ r¾ lt;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁvji GarmµN_RbePTenHehAfa britþarmµN_ CaGarmµN_tci tYc minc,as;las; Cvnciteþ kIteLIgmin)an . ebICvncitþ ekItmin)an k¾mni )anesayGarmµN_ ebImni )anesayGarmµN_ k¾mni dwg rsCatiéRb eRKatRKat QWpSaBit ehAfa evadævnvar³ . Gtibritaþ rmµN_ CaGarmµN_dT¾ n;exSaybMptu kalebImkb:HxÞb;ngw 117

TVarciteþ hIy vifcI ti eþ kIteLIgmin)anEbbenH ehAfa emaXvar³ dUcya:g eBlkMBgu edklk; . ebIvifcI ti eþ kItrlt;dl;tTalm<N³ CacitEþ dlRsav etag nwkKitFmµarN_enARtg;menaTVar edaysarEtGarmµN_mankmøagM xøagM manlkçN³c,as;las; Føab;Bal;RtUv Føab;TBM asuCI aedIm GarmµN_RbePT enHehAfa viPtU armµN_ . ebIcti eþ tagFmµarmµN_ eLIgdl;Cvnciteþ sayGarmµN_tammenaTVar ehAfa GviPtU armµN_ CaGarmµN_jaúgM [citeþ ctsikekIteLIgeBjTI esayrsdwg)anfaCa\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ rmµN_ KWdgw )anTaMgGtItkal bc©úb,nñkal nigGnaKtkal mindUcenARtg;bBa©TVar Edlkan;ykGarmµN_ )anEtkúgñ bc©úb,nñkalbu:eNÑaH EtCaGarmµN_exSayCagtTalm<Nvar³. Éckçvú Bi aØaN1 esatviBaØaN1 XanviBaØaN1 CIvað viBaØaN1 kayviBaØaN1 sm,dicnä ñcti 1þ snþrI Ncit1þ citTþ aMg7dYgenH suTE§ tCa Gehtukvi)akcitþ ekIteLIgehIy b:Eu nþdgw GarmµN_ minTan;sm,yutþ edayehtu6RbkareLIy . eTIbGehtukvi)akcitTþ aMg7dYgenH ekItrlt; Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTnabu:eNÑaH elIkElgEtkayviBaØaNcitþ1 Edl ekItrlt;RbkbedaysuxevTna b¤Tku eç vTnadUc)ansMEdgxagelIrcY ehIy. kalebIkayviBaØaNciteþ kIt rlt;RbkbedaysuxevTnaCabc©y½ [esamnsSsm,dicäncñ ti eþ kIteLIg ehIyrlt;eTA Cabc©y½ [esam nsSsnþrI Nciteþ kIteLIg eBlrlt;cHu evadævnciteþ kIteLIg k¾saÁ l; c,as;faenHCaesamnsSsnþrI N³ Cvnciteþ kIteLIg k¾esaysuxevTna eTIbesamnsSevTnaectsikekIteLIg ERbeTACasehtukcit.þ kalstVRbsUtcaképÞmata dwgkþkI alNaEtgsnSMTku kç gñú snþan CabnþbnÞab; rhUtcitsþ aÁ l;sPav³énTukç CaFmµCatiEdlstVRTaMRT ya:g lM)akenaH kalmanGarmµN_mkb:HrUbkay bNþal[Cvncitþ esaynUv 118

sPav³QWcku cab; eBItpSa k¾sKM al;vtßeú naHfaCaGarmµN_ minCaTIR)afña éncitþ eTIbehAfaGnidaæ rmµN_ . pÞyú eTAvij ebImanGarmµN_mkb:HrUb kayya:gfñm² k¾sKM al;GarmµN_enaHfaCaTIeRtkGr )anCaTIR)afñarbs; citeþ kIt)anCa\dæarmµN_eLIg . GarmµN_TaMg2enH rEmgmk[citeþ tag nigesayCaerOy² eTaHbIcti mþ yY dYg² ekItrlt;bnþbnÞab;Kañ k¾eday citRþ Kb;dgY ekItrlt;enaHrh½sNas; swgfacitdþ gY mun² min)ansabsUnü rlt;eTAkñgú xN³NamYyeLIy . )atuPtU EbbenH rEmgekIt)anCapl snSMTku Cab;CamYycitþ nig)anCaFmµarmµN_R)akdenARtg;menaTVar . vifcI ti Rþ Kb; dYgekItrlt;²bnþKañ tamlMdab;xNcitþkB¾ ti Emn Et citdþ gY mun EdlekIteLIg etagGarmµN_)anehIyenaH Cabc©y½ bnSl;Tku [eTAcitdþ gY bnÞab; ekIteLIgbnþpgPøamEdr. eTIbcitþenHGacsnSMsnþan )anmþgbnþic² KWCakaresayGarmµN_snSMGarmµN_mni lHxN³NamYyenaH elIkElgEtedklk;s‘b; ebIBeuM naHenAmaneBlyl;sbþiEfmeTot . Edl ehAfakarsnSM karsnSMsnþanenaH KWcti þsnSM\dæarmµN_ b¤Gnidaæ nrmµN_ EdlepþIm ecjBIsxu evTnaectsik nigTukeç vTnaectsikenaH . kalebI\dæarmµN_ mkR)akdRtg;CvnvifI ekItrlt;edaysuxevTna esayGarmµN_enaH dEdl² k¾rEmgjaúgM [citRþ )afñacMeBaHGarmµN_ ecHEtekIteLIgmþgxøagM bnþci ² rhUtbegátI )anesckþRI )afñamaM minGackat;paþ c;cti eþ cjBI GarmµN_enaH)an KWmanesckþeI samnsSrIkray cMeBaHEtGarmµN_Edl xønÚ eBjcitþ k¾)aneQµaHfa elaPcitþteþ kIteLIg RbkbnwgesamnsS evTnaectsik ekItrlt;CamYyya:genH . cMENkÉGnidaæ rmµN_ eFVI[Tukeç vTnaectsikekItrlt; jaúgM [ esckþmI ni R)afña cMeBaHGarmµN_ekIteLIg rhUtekIt)anCaesckþfI añ gM fñak;ya:gmaM minGackat;paþ c;cti eþ cjBIGarmµN_enaH)an manEtesckþI 119

eTamnsS cMeBaHGarmµN_EdlxÜnø mineBjciteþ naH eTascitkþ e¾ kIteLIg RbkbedayeTamnsSevTnaectsiki ekItCamYy . rWÉemahcitþ KWcitEþ dlvEgVgP½nRþ cLMkgúñ GarmµN_ mindwgminyl;BI GarmµN_ EdlkMBgu EtesayenaH eTIbemahciteþ kItrlt; RBmeday ]ebkçaevTna nigsm,yutþedayvicki ci äapg KWesckþIsgS½ycMeBaHGarmµN_ nigsm,yuteþ day]T§c³© pg KWesckþrI aymaycMeBaHGarmµN_. ebIemah citeþ kIteLIgEtÉgya:genH ehAfa Ékehtu eRBaHvicki ci aä kþI ]T§c³© kþI min manesckþIelaP minmanesckþxI gw k¾Kg;ekIteLIg)an . ebIemahciteþ kIt rYmCamYynwgelaPcitþ k¾naM[elaPcitþmankmøagM xøaMg ebIekItrYmCamYyY nwgeTascitþ k¾naM[eTascitmþ ankmøagM xøagM citþEdlekIteLIgmþg²BIr dUecñHehAfa Tuehtu . ÉelaPcitþ nigeTasciteþ kIteLIgRBmCamYyY Kña Bu)M aneLIg eRBaHelaPcitþekIteLIgehIy KWcti þenaHCab;CBM ak;kgúñ GarmµN_ ÉeTas³KWcti Eþ dlekIteLIgehIy mankarfñagM fñak;ngw GarmµN_ eTIb RtUvekItpøas;eBlKñadUecñH . elaPcitþ eTascitþ emahcitþ [plCasehtukGkuslkamav crvi)ak.

GMBIkuslcitþ Gkuslcitþ elaPcitþ eTascitþ emahcitþ TaMg3RbkarenH bNÐti elak[ eQµaHehAfa Gkuslcitþ Cab£sKl;naM[Gkuslciteþ RcInRbkareTot 120

ekIteLIg nigrEmgjaúgM Gkuslkmµ edaypøvÚ kay vaca[RbRBwteþ LIg edayBit. Kb,IeFVkI arviPaKbEnßm GMBGI kuslciteþ nH ]bmamanbuKlÁ mñak; kMBgu briePaKGahar ckçvú iBaØaNcitkþ BM gu eXIjGahar CaGehtukvi)akcitþ ekItmanGaRs½yGavC¢nciteþ FVkI ci e© nARtg;ckçTú aV r ÉcitEþ dleBjcitnþ gw Gahar Gahark¾eTACa\dæarmµN_rbs;bfu Cu n¢ EdlkMBgu TMBarGahar kúgñ xN³Cvnvar³enaH . citEþ dlesamnsSsb,ayeBjcitnþ gw Gahar enaHCaelaPcitþ . cMENkcitmþ ni eBjcitnþ gw GaharCaeTascitþ . citEþ dljaúgM rUbkay[manclna eTAdYsykGahar b¤kBM gu TMBarsiIu GaharedayesckþeI Bjcitéþ RkeBkenaH bNÐti elakehAfaelaPciteþ hIy. cMENkBYkGriy elakrEmgeRtkGr manR)afñaeFVIma© s;elIelaPcitþ enH . munnwgelakRbRBwtkþ ci ©karTMagLay elakEtgykkarRtiHriH BicarNarkehtupl bc©y½ Bitrbs;vtßGú armµN_ Rbkbedayeyaniesam nsikar³ KWcaMGarmµN_enaHTukkúgñ citþ ehIyeRbI])ayl,gKMnti eXIj faRtwmRtUv eTIbelakeFVkI ci ©karenaH² . ÉBYkbufCu n¢ kalebIeRtkGr eBjcitþ q¶aj;ngw GarmµN_NamYyY ehIy BusM vU )anBicarNa[RtwmRtUv caMTku kñgú citeþ LIy ¬Geyaniesamnsikar³¦ Et)anbeNþaytamcitþ cg;jaúgM kayviBaØtþi vcIvBi aØt[þi RbRBwtþeLIgEttamcMNg;enaH ehIycaM EterOgq¶aj;EtmYybu:eNÑaH ÉerOgehtukarN_epSg²eTot caMTku min )aneRBaHelaPCvncitþ sÞHú eTAEtkúgñ \dæarmµN_ Edlq¶aj;enaHTaMgRsug. kalebIcti sþ nSMsnþan eLIgdl;fañ k;CaelaPcitþ k¾jaúgM [bufCu n¢ ha‘neFVGI aRkk; tamEtlT§PaBEdlGaceFV)I an edIm,IeFVyI a:gNa[Et GarmµN_CaTIR)afñaéRkeBkenaH R)akdtamcitcþ g;rbs;xnøÜ . 121

vtßkú amTaMgLay dUcCasRms;BN’sm,úr sRms;bKu lÁ RsI Rbus sMeLg cMerog dUrütRnþI køni páaRkGUb rsGahar sac; Rsaq¶aj; smösS be)asGEg¥lkayd¾RsTn; xül;RtCak; masR)ak; eBRCEkvkg sMBt; exaGavs¥at² kalebImkb:HrUbkayrbs;bfu Cu n¢ Etg)anCa\dæarmµN_ edayBit² . cMENkBYkGriy³elakrEmg taMgcitmþ ni R)afña cMeBaHvtßkú amTaMg enaH RbkbedayelaPciteþ LIy KwelakykrUbbrmtßmkCaGarmµN_ vij. elakesayrsrbs;\dæarmµN_y:ags¶b; Rbkbeday)aemaC¢³eday sarelaktaMgcitþ eFVIm©as;elI\dæarmµN_Cavtßkú am EdlCabJsKl; énelaPcitþ)an . ÉGnidaæ rmµN_ke¾ laktaMgcitþ eFVIm©as;elIEdr eRBaH k¾CabJsKl;rbs;eTascitþ . kalebIelakGb;rcM ti )þ anya:genHehIy rEmgesaynUvbIt)i aemaC¢³esµ²I ya:gs¶b; Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna. cMENkÉBYkbufCu n¢ kalebIGarmµN_CaTIR)afñamin)anmkR)akd kñgú citþ CYnkalEbrCa)anGarmµN_mni CaTIR)afñaeTAvij CaehtunaM[ elaPciteþ kIteLIgkan;EtxøagM . eBlelaPcitrþ lt;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁ eTasciteþ kIteLIg esayrsrbs;GarmµN_mni CaTIR)afñaenaH Rbkb edayesckþfI añ gM fñak; ekþARkhl;Rkhay. kamavcrGkusCvnenH ekIteLIgesayGnidaæ rmµN_Gs;7xNcitþ ekItrlt;Cab;²KñarYcrlt;eTA tTalm<NcitþekIteLIg2xN³ etagyk Gnidaæ rmµN_enaH esaynUvTuklç M)ak citkþ ¾ekþARkhay CYnkalrhUt Qandl;manBaküninaÞ BIGkñ déT k¾sgw man GaRs½y\riyabfminsmKYr. ÉbNÐti elak)ancaMTku kúgñ citþ dwgc,as;BvI tßkú amfa CaGarmµN_ kalRtUvcitcþ ab;etagykCaerOy²ehIy rEmgEtgEt)anrcnacitBþ I ]ebkça[ERbkøayeTACaelaPcitþ b¤eTascitþ EdlCaGkuslcityþ a:g 122 2

enH . eTIbelakminyksmµtbi ,BaØtþirbs;vtßkú amenaH mkCaGarmµN_ eToteLIy KWelakykbrmtßb,BaØtþimkCaGarmµN_vji edaycab;epþmI BIkartaMgcitþmni R)afña mineRtkGr minjab;j½r minRsLaj; mins¥b; minRbkan;maMcMeBaHrUb sMeLg køni rs smösSedaysMKal;vtßTú aMgGs; enHfa RtwmEtCaFatuvij ehIyelakRbRBwtþiFm’senþas eRtkGrnwgvtßú kam RbkbedayTwkRBHT½yesµ²I tamlaPBit tamRbeyaCn_Bti esayrskamarmµN _edaynUv]ebkçaevTnaectsik Casuxya:gs¶b; min jab;j½r eRBaHGaRs½yelakminmanciteþ laP kMNaj;sVti bJsüaCaedIm dUcbufCu n¢ . Gnidaæ rmµN_rbs;GviybuKÁl KWenARtg;kartaMgcitmþ inR)afñacMeBaH \dæarmµN_ EdlbufCu n¢ R)afñaenaH edayelakcab;epþmI BIkareKcevor ecj minesBKb;Enbnitü edIm,Ik[uM citeþ tagGarmµN_EbbenH Cab;CBM ak; bnþEfmeTot . eTaHbIelakkMBgu esayrsrbs;kamaGarmµN_ k¾elak minbENþtbeNþay Tuk[GarmµN_enHdwknaMdcU Ca´bMerIrbs;tNðaenaH eLIy eRBaHelakmanbTBiesaFn_caMTku minePøcfa kalebIbENþtbeNþay evla)anvtßCú aTIR)afña rEmgcg;)an2-3-4 EfmeTotminecHcb; . bufuC¢nkalebIeXIjbuKÁlNaRbRBwtþFm’senþas eRtkGr edayesµI² TaMglaP TaMgGlaP RbRBwteþ LIgtam])ayénsmtßPaB minebotebon smKYrdl;RbeyaCn_Bti CnRbePTenHEbrCamanemah citþ vegVgP½nRþ cLMfa Cakar\tRbeyaCn_eTAvij ehIyk¾RbwgsnSM snþan CaelaP³ eTas³ emah³CaerOy² esayrskamarmµN_EbbenH Casuxsb,ayya:geBjcitþ RbkbedayesamnsSevTna eTAtam elaPcitþ eTascitþ bgÁab;bBa¢a enAeBlGkuslkmµ[plCaTukç eTIbdwgfaGkuslFm’enH lVgI CUrct;b:N u aÑ . 123

eTIbelakTaMgmUlriHrkRKb;meFüa)ay edIm,IpaÁ b;cti þ edaynUvrUb sMeLg køni rs smösS EdlRKan;EtCaFatu rhUtesayTuklç )M ak\t RsakRsanþ k¾mni ecHFujRTan;Cni Nay . kalebImanbuKÁlNaman GFüaRs½yEbbelaPenHdUcKña k¾RsLaj;rab;GanKña esBKb;ykKñaCa mitPþ kþyi a:gl¥kÚ el¥nI ¬kmµBn§¦ú . citrþ bs;bNÐti elakesayrsrbs;GarmµN_Ebbya:genaH)an eQµaHehAfa kuslcitþ EdlekIteLIgBIGelaP³ GeTas³ Gemah³ esayrs\dæarmµN_ Rbkbedaycitsþ b¶ ;dcU sMEdgmkxagelI . Rtg; enHehIy EdlehAfa \dæarmµN_rbs;BkY Griy³ )anCaGnidaæ rmµN_rbs; BYkbufCu n¢ enaH .

Gkuslcitþ12Rbkar Gkuslcit1þ 2RbkarenH KWmanelaPmUlcitþ 8 eTasmUlcitþ2 nigemahmUlcit2þ . 2 elaPmUlcit8 þ enH EckeTAtamGFüaRs½yrbs;bfu Cu n¢ KW elaPmUlcitþ esayrsGarmµN_RbkbedayesamnsSevTnaectsik ekItRBmnwgKMnti yl;xsu citsþ HÞú eTArkGarmµN_Ca)abya:gekøóvkøa eday xÜnø Ég1 nigGaRs½yGñkdéT bbYldwknaM1 . elaPcit2þ eTot KWsb,ay rIkray nwgGarmµN_ya:gePøtI ePønI Edr EtminekItRBmnwgKMnti yl;xsu Ca kmøagM eT citkþ s¾ ÞHú eTAkñgú GarmµN_CaTIR)afñaenaH y:agekøóvkøaedayxønÜ Ég1 nigGaRs½ymanGñkdéTmkbbYldwknaM1KW ³ - esamnsSshKt TidKiæ tsm,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1/ - esamnsSshKt TidKiæ tvib,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1/ 124

- esamnsSmkBIBaküfa su mann½yfaRsYl l¥ nigBaküfa mn mann½yfacitþ KWseM dAykcitlþ ¥ citrþ kI ray Etkñgú TIew nHKWrkI ray eTAxagelaP eRBaHFmµtaCnRbkbedayelaPcitþ rEmgrIkraykñgú GkuslFm’enH rEmgKitfaxønÜ manciteþ nHl¥ eTIbxitxMsnSMsnþanelaP \tQb;Qr KµanRBMEdn KµanTIbpM tu enaH . ÷ TidiKæ tsm, tsm,yutþ ³ KWmann½yfaRbkbedaymicaä Tidiæ EdlCa TsSn³yl;xsu BIesckþBI it BIRbeyaCn_Bti BIsPav³Bit . ÷ TidiKæ tvib,yutþ ³ mann½yfaR)ascakmicaä Tidæi . ÷ Gsgçarik ³ mann½yfaminGaRs½ykaysgçar vcIsgçar rbs;Gkñ déTmkdwknaM KWekøovkøaedayxønÜ Ég. ÷ ssgçarik ³ KWmann½yfa GaRs½yedaykayvacarbs;Cn déTmkbbYldwknaM . - ÉelaPmUlcit4þ eTot KWekItrlt;Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna KWTdi Kæi tsm,yutGþ sgçarik1 ssgçarik1 nigTidKiæ tvib,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1. ]ebkçaevTnaenH KW)andl;esayGarmµN_rbs;ectsik rYmCa mYynwgcitþ RbkbedayesckþIeRtkGrtictYc b¤EbbRBegIykenþIycMeBaHGarmµN_ EtfabuKÁlenaH mancitbþ risTu § citxþ <g;x<s;rcY cakkuslcitþ Gkuslcitþ ehIyk¾mni Emn tamBitCabuKÁlminc,as;las; kñgú GarmµN_NamYyY TaMgGs; cUlciteþ nAes¶óm minrvIrvl;nwgkic©karCabuNü CaRbeyaCn_ RbcaMéf¶. eTIbbNÐti elakcat;Tku citEþ dlesayGarmµN_ RBmeday ]ebkçaevTnaectsikenH TukCaGkuslcitþ eRBaHCaelaPEdr EtCaelaP citeþ TAxagx¢li RcGUl RBegIykenþyI kñgú kic©karCaRbeyaCn_Bti . 125

eTascitþ dUcsMEdgmkehIy KWmanRbPBedImekItecjBIcti þ esayrsGnidaæ rmµN_ edayesckþtI cU citþ fñagM fñak; ekþARkhayrhUt beBa©jGakar³epSg²dUcCa j½rédeCIg exIccugRcmuHCaedIm . CnxøHxwg ehIy EtminTan;man»kas k¾xb© ;Tku edIm,IrkehtusgswkeTAéf¶eRkay ehA]]bnah³ bnah³ . 2 eTasmUlcit2 þ Rbkar KWeTamnsSshKt bdiXsm,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1 . 2 emahmYlcit2 þ Rbkar KWekItrlt;Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTnaEdr ]ebkçaevTnakñgú TIenH sMedAeTAelIectsik EdlvegVgP½nRþ cLMrvag GarmµN_ngi Fm’CabuNüCa)ab mindwgc,as;myY NaBuEM mnCacitRþ BegIykenþyI cMeBaHGarmµN_eLIy . ebIemahciteþ nH ekItCamYYynwgelaPcitþ k¾)an CaCMnyY [elaPcitþenaH kan;EtvegVgvgVan;kgñú GarmµN_ naM[bBaØaectsik ekItkan;EtBu)M anEfmeTot ebIekItCamYyeTas³ naM[eTas³kan;Etman kmøagM xøagM . emahmUlcitþ2enH KWmYyekItrYmnwgvicki ci aä KWCacitEþ dlvegVg cMeBaHGarmµN_pg sgS½yminc,as;las; sÞak;esÞIrcMeBaHGarmµN_pg dUcCasgS½ycMeBaHRBHsT§mµbrmtß rbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú T§ aMgLayfaBit dUcCaminBit . emahmUlcitþmyY dYgeTot ekItrYmnwg]T§c³ä KWectsik raymay GENþtGNþgÚ citeþ LIgetagGarmµN_NamYyY min)anc,as; las; . emahmUlcitTþ aMg2 KW ³ ]ebkçashKt vicki ci aä sm,yut1þ nig ]T§c©sm,yut1þ . srubesckþKI W \dæarmµN_ nigGnidaæ rmµN_enHehIy Edlcitrþ Emg esayCaerOy² rhUtekIt)anCaGkuslCvn12dYgenH . ebIGarmµN_ 126

mankmøagM xøagM dUcCaRss;sa¥ tBn;eBk BieraH RkGUb q¶aj;Bn;eBk )an CaGtimhnþarmµN_ b¤CaviPtU armµN_ GkuslCvnk¾esayGarmµN_enaH Gs;7xNcitþ eTIbrlt;eTA tTalm<Nciteþ kIteLIg2xN³EfmeTot )abcitkþ ¾mankmøagM xøagM jaúgM buKÁl[RbRBwtGþ kuslkmµbf10 eday Bit KW)aNati)at1 prusvaT1 Büa)aT1 bIenHekIteLIgGMBeI TasmUl. kaemsumci aä car1 GPiCÄa1 micaä Tid1æi bIenHekItGMBeI laPmUl . GTinañ Tan1 musavaT1 bisN u avaT1 smösSlab³1 bYnenHekItGMBGI kusl mUlTaMg3 . TaMgenHehIyeTIbbNÐti elaksMEdgfa Gkuslcit1þ 2 Cacitmþ an kmøagM exSayBn;eBk BuGM acGb;rsM nSMmhKÁtcitþ elakutrþ cit[þ ekIteLIg )aneLIy eRBaHGkuslcit1þ 2enH ekIteLIgBIGkuslehtu CacitEþ dl BuTM an;)anGb;rM [ERbeTACakuslcitþenAeLIy .

Gehtukcit1þ 8dYg Gehtukcitþ KWCaxNcitEþ dl)anetag b¤dgw nUvGarmµN_ehIy bu:Enþcti eþ nHminTan;sm,yutCþ amYyY nwgehtuTaMg6Rbkar manelaP³ b¤ GelaP³CaedImenAeLIyeT eTIbciteþ nHekItrlt;Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna . GdækfacarüxøH elak[niymn½yBakü Gehtuk ERbfarUbeRBaHsMGag farUbCaGBüaktFm’minsm,yutþedayehtu eTIbcat;TukGehtukcitþ KWcti eþ kItGMBIrUbdUcCa ckçúb,saTrUb kalb:HpÞb;ngw rU)armµN_ ckçvú Bi aØaN citkþ rú¾ EmgekItrlt;eLIgCaFmµta GaRs½yedaysarEt ckçTú aV ravC¢ncitþ )anbeg¥aneTArkrU)armµN_enaHCadMbgU Edr. 127

CaFmµtakamavcrcitþ rEmgekItrlt;eLIgBIbBa©vBi aØaNbnÞab; BIGavC¢ncitrþ lt;cHu . bBa©TaV rvifI enAeBlkamarmµN_mkb:HpÞb; bBa© viBaØaNciteþ kItrlt;eLIg )anCaTVbi B©aviBaØaN BIeRBaHkñgú TVarnImyY ² mancitBþ rI KWksu lviBaØaN1 GkuslviBaØaN1 ekItrlt;rYmTVarTaMg5 RtUvCa viBaØaN10 eTIbmaneQµaHfaTVbi Ba©vBi aØaN10enaH . Gehtukciteþ kItrlt; minTan;RbkbedayehtuTaMg6Rbkar)an BIeRBaHciteþ nH ekItrlt;EtmYyxNcitFþ M ehIyk¾rlt;eTAvij naM[citþ RbePTdYgenHsnSMsnþanminTan;)an ekIteLIgehIy k¾enARtwmEt]ebkça evTna . ]bmaenAeBlEdldwgfamankarQWcukcab;CaTukeç vTnatam pøvÚ kay citEþ dlRKan;Et)andwgmYyxN³enaH KWCaGehtukciteþ hIy . bu:EnþenAeBlCvnciteþ saydwgrsrbs;Tku eç vTna tampøvÚ kay citeþ naH k¾eTACaekþARkhl;RkhayxVl;xaV y minsb,ayrIkraycMeBaHTukeç vTna enaH xN³enHmanGkuslciteþ kIteLIgrYmCamYyehIy eTIb)anCamin sb,ayciteþ naH. Rtg;enHKb,IRtUvdwgfacitEþ dldwgfa enHCaTukeç vTna citeþ nHekItrlt;mnu enACaGehtukcitþ esckþeI TamnsSfñagM fñak;ekIt rlt;eLIg eTIbERbeTACasehtukcitþ bnÞab;CaxageRkay . Gehtukcitþ bNÐti elakEbgEckeTAtamRbePTénGarmµN_ KW Gkuslvi)ak7dYg ekItrlt;ceM BaHGnidaæ rmµN_ kuslvi)ak8dYg ekIt rlt;ceM BaHGti\dæarmµN_ nig3dYgeTotCakiryi acitþ . Gkuslvi)ak7dYg 1- ]ebkçashKt ckçvú Bi aØaNcitþ 2- ]ebkçashKt esatviBaØaNcitþ 3- ]ebkçashKt XanviBaØaNcitþ 128

4- ]ebkçashKt CIvað viBaØaNcitþ 5- Tuksç hKt kayviBaØaNcitþ 6- ]ebkçashKt sm,dicnä cñ ti þ 7- ]ebkçashKt snþrI Ncitþ bBa©vBi aØaN Cacitdþ gw Gnidaæ rmµN_Rtg;TaV rTaMg5 kñgú xN³Edl kMBgu dwgenaH KWcti tþ aMgenACa]ebkça . enAeBlbB©aviBaØaNrlt;cHu sm,dicnä cñ ti eþ kIteLIg KWTTYlnUvGarmµN_ enARtg;TVarTaMg5 ehIyxN³ Edlciteþ nHkMBgu TTYlnUvGarmµN_ citþenaHk¾enACa]ebkçaevTna. bnÞab;BI sm,dicnä cñ ti þrlt;cHu snþIrNciteþ kIteLIg k¾Bci arNanUvGarmµN_Rbkb eday]ebkça Edlsm,dicnä cñ ti )þ anTTYlenaH. sm,dicnä cñ ti þ CamenaFatu EdlRKan;EtTTYlGarmµN_bnþBbI Ba©vBi aØaN mYyxN³k¾rlt;eTAvij . enARtg;Gkuslvi)akTI5 kayviBaØaNciteþ kItrlt;Rbkbeday Tukeç vTna eRBaHfaCaFmµtaGnidaæ rmµN_ KWGarmµN_minCaTIeBjcitþ minCaTI R)afña kalebImkb:HpÞb;ngw rUbkay BuGM acjaúgM kayviBaØaN[ekItrlt; Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna)aneLIy BIeRBaHkarb:HpÞb;enHCakarb:HpÞb; rvagmhaPUtrUb4 nigmharUb4 Cakarb:HpÞb;mankmøaMgxøaMg eTIb)aneQµaH fa CaGnidaæ rmµN_ . ÉkayviBaØaNcitdþ gw GarmµN_ Edlb:HpÞb;enaH KWdgw Tukç evTnaenH muneTamnsSevTnaCasehtukdwg eTIbbNÐti )an[eQµaHfa GehtukGkuslvi)akciteþ naH . Gehtukcit7þ dYg CaGkuslvi)ak eRBaHCaGMeNayCabc©y½ b¤Caplrbs;bBa©TaV ravC¢ncitþ Edl)anbeg¥aneTArkGnidaæ rmµN_ eTIbCa »kas[bBa©vBi aØaN sm,dicnä ñ snþrI N³ ekIteLIgCaRbRktIFmµta . cMENkÉGkuslvi)ak EdlCasehtukvi)ak KWCasñamKMnsU énGkusl 129

citþ EdlCaKMnsU citi )þ ab Capl)ab ekItmaneLIgGaRs½yGkuslkmµ ecjBIGkuslcitþ ehIyGkuslciteþ nH ekItrlt;enARtg;CvnvifI É Gkuslvi)akenHCaTVarvimtu þi ¬cakputTVar¦mindUcGehtukGkuslvi)akeT EdlekItrlt;enARtg;TaV r. kuslvi)ak8dYg 1- ]ebkçashKt ckçvú Bi aØaNcitþ 2- ]ebkçashKt esatviBaØaNcitþ 3- ]ebkçashKt XanviBaØaNcitþ 4- ]ebkçashKt CIvað viBaØaNcitþ 5- suxshKt kayviBaØaNcitþ 6- ]ebkçashKt sm,dicnä cñ ti þ 7- ]ebkçashKt snþrI Ncitþ 8- esamnsSshKt snþrI Ncitþ bNÐti elak)anbBaØtnþ amFm’ EdlekItrlt;enARtg;bBa©TaV rvifI sm,dicnä vñ fi I nigsnþrI NvifI EdlCacitdþ gw TTYlBicarNanUvGti\dæarmµN_ maneQµaHfa CaGehtukkuslvi)akcitmþ an8dYgy:agenH . enARtg;ksu lvi)akTI5 \dæarmµN_pyÞú BIGnidaæ rmµN_ KWfakalebI rU)armµN_mkb:HpÞb;ngw rUbkayya:gRsalmanGakar³Cakare)asGEg¥l Carebobfñak;fñm rEmgcat;Tku Ca\dæarmµN_ rbs;bKu ÁlRKb;rUb. eTIb enAeBlkayviBaØaNciteþ kItrlt;eLIg KWdgw nUvsuxevTnaenaHEtmþg)an eQµaHfasuxshKtkayviBaØaNenaH. kñgú krNIsxu shKtkayviBaØaN dwgc,as;nvU Gti\dæarmµN_kgñú kayTVar enAeBlsm,dicnä cñ ti eþ kItrlt; eLIgRbkbeday]ebkçaevTnak¾Bti Emn bu:EnþsnþrI NcitBþ ci arNanUv Gti\dæarmµN_enaH ekItrlt;RbkbedayesamnsSevTna )aneQµaHfa 130

esamnsSshKtsnþrI NenaH . ebIsni Ca\dæarmµN_mkb:HpÞb;enAkñgú TVarTaMg5 snþrI Nciteþ kItrlt;eLIg enARtwmCa]ebkçaevTnaFmµta. Gehtukkiriyacitþ3dYg 1- ]ebkçashKt bBa©TaV ravC¢ncitþ 2- ]ebkçashKt menaTVaravC¢ncitþ 3- esamnsSshKt hsitbu ,aTcitþ bBa©TVaravC¢ncitþ KWGavC¢ncitEþ dlnwkrMBgw b¤RsavetagrkGarmµN_ Edlb:HpÞb;ngw TVarTaMg5 ebIRsavetagrkGarmµN_enARtg;ckçTú aV r ehAfa ckçTú aV ravC¢nCaedIm. menaTVaravC¢ncitnþ kw rMBgw RsavetagrkGarmµN_enA Rtg;menaTVar. GavC¢nciteþ nHCakiryi acitþ eFVkI ci © KWrBM gw nwkrkGarmµN_ ekItrlt;eLIg GaRs½yeTAtamGMNacrbs;kuslvi)ak b¤Gkuslvi)ak Can;cas; EdlCadYgPvgÁpgEdr. GavC¢nciteþ nHk¾ekIteLIgmYyxN³ enARtg;vfi cI ti Tþ 1I ehIyk¾rlt;eTAvij eTIbcitdþ YgenHekItrlt;Rbkb eday]ebkçaevTnaenAeLIy . hsitub,aTcit³þ BaküenHEckecjCa2s½BÞKW hsit kiryi ajjwm nig]b,aT kiryi aekIteLIg ebIeBaldl;cti Eþ dlekItrlt;eLIgkñgú mYy xN³²RtUvman3xNcittþ cU KW]b,aTxN³1 CaxN³citeþ kIteLIg zitixN³1 CaxN³cittþ aMgenA PgÁxN³1 CaxNcitrþ lt;cHu . hsitbu ,aTcitþ CacitEþ dlekIteLIg EtmYyxNcitþ enAeBl EdlxNciteþ nHekIteLIg k¾jjwmEtmþg eRBaH)anRbTHeXIjGarmµN_ CaGs©arü dUcCa)anEPñkTiBV eXIjBYkeRbtCaedIm. hsitbu ,aTcitþ ekItrlt;enAkñgú hTyvtßú kñgú xN³EdlRBHGriybuKlÁ kMBgu cMerInQan smabtþi . 131

bNÐti elakRtas;sEM dgfaGehtukcitþ Cacitmþ ankmøagM exSay ekIteLIgehIy eLIgkan;vfi cI ti Rþ Kb;CrY xN³minTan;)an minGacjaúgM KuNviess manbzmCÆanCaedIm[ekIteLIg)an Cacitþmni rugerOgGab;\trsµI eRBaH bBaØaectsikekItrlt;rmY CamYyminTan;)an eTIb)aneQµaHfaGesaPN citeþ naH bu:EnþkB¾ uMEmnCatYbuNü tY)abEdlRtUvsnSM b¤RtUvlHenaHeLIy Edr ÉQancitþTaMgLayekItrlt;eLIg cakputGehtukciteþ nH.

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emahcitþ k¾ekIteLIgmin)an citþk¾nwgGacetagykkuslkmµ mkCaGarmµN_ mankarRbRBwtbþ Bu aØkiryi avtß1ú 0RbkarCaedIm . kalebIcti Cþ ab;CBM ak; citþfañ gM fñak; citvþ egVgkñgú GarmµN_mni Tan; )anlH rEmgRbRBwteþ TAenAkñgú menaTVar CaerOy²enAeLIy enaHKWRtUv taMgesckþBI üayam eFVbI uBaØkri yi avtßeú nHCaerOy²vij tam])ayya:g RtUvTMngCaGti\dæarmµN_NamYyY k¾CaehtunaM[buKlÁ enaHGacsnSMksu lcitþ kñgú snþan)an eRBaHenAeBlenaH esamnsSsnþrI N³ EdlCakusl vi)akcitGþ acmankmøagM xøaMg Cabc©y½ [evadævnciteþ kIteLIgrlt;cHu Cvn citeþ kIteLIgbnþ esayGarmµN_CabuNüenaH ya:gesamnsSrIkray Gs;7xN³ Cab;²KñaeTIbrlt;cHu . tTalm<NekIteLIg k¾nkw eXIj kt;RtaTukFmµarmµN_ CaeTyüvtßsú m,tþi RBmTaMgskmµPaB EdlxønÜ )aneFVbI N u üehIyenaH enARtg;menaTVar RbkbedayesamnsSevTna tTalm< <Nsehtukkuslci tTalmNsehtu lcitþ k¾ekIteLIgnaeBlenaHEdr. tTalm<Nsehtukkuslciteþ nH kalebImrNsnñCvnmkdl; nwg)anCatYbdisn§Ri bRBwteþ TAkñúgsuKtiPBTaMgLay. kalebIeFVIbuBaØkiriyavtßCú a erOy²)anehIy eBlenaHFmµarmµN_ CabuBaØkiryi a10Rbkar Edlcitþ )anetagykCaerOy² ekItenARtg;menaTVar k¾GacsnSMsnþan)anCa kamavcrkuslcitþ edayGMNacénCvncitþ EdlekItrlt;²enaH . mankrNIxHø cit)þ annwgKitFmµarmµN_CabuNü CaehtunaM[kusl citeþ kIteLIgk¾Bti Emn EtkalebIkarRbRBwtþenaH min)anRtwmRtUvsmKYr dl;sT§aBit dl;Fmµrs GtßrsBitrbs;bN u ü CakarRbtibtþxi su TMng eRkayenaHciteþ nH k¾ngw GacesayrsGnidaæ rmµN_ minCaTIeBjciteþ TA vij ¬kukcáúu ©¦ kamavcrGkuslcitþ k¾ekItmaneLIg kñgú xN³enaHEdr 133

EdlehAya:gsamBaØfa eFVbI N u ü)an)ab KWenARtg;cti sþ aþ yeRkayenaH ekIteLIg . ebIBni ti üeTAelIehtuTnM g[ekItkuslciteþ naH eXIjfaGkuslcitþ RtUvGMNacrbs;Cvncitþ kñgú mYyéf¶²snSMsnþan)anCaerOy² tameday TMenIgxønÜ ÉgmYyY edayGMNac\T§Bi lBIGkñ déTmYy . Gkuslcitþ EdlsnSM)anya:gRkas;enaH ebIsni KµanGMNacrbs;ksu lcitmþ kraraMgham Xat;eT GkuslCvnenaH nwgecHEtsÞHú eTAjaúgM kayvaca [RbRBwtEþ t Gkuslkmµkan;EtF¶n;eLIg² eRBaHmin)ac;sHV EsVgrk snSMykbBaØaya:glM )ak min)ac;RtiHriHBicarNarkehtuplBit viCa¢ sil,_sa®sþBti k¾Gac eFVyI a:gRsYlsb,ay. ÉkarsnSMksu lcitvþ ij dUcCaciteþ tagGarmµN_ kñgú karsikSaRsavRCaveronsURtFm’vní y½ edIm,IceM rInbBaØakñgú Tan kñgú sIl kñgú emtþaCaedIm KWkñúgmYyY éf¶²snSM)anticbMput. drabNasnSMbBaØa)an eTIbGaceXIjeTasrbs;Gkuslcitþ Edl rEmgsÞHú eTAkñgú GarmµN_)ab tamTMenIg . bnÞab;B)I anGb;rMsnSMksu l cit[þ ekIteLIgCMnsY manbBaØaeTIbGacdwgrsBit rbs;cti sþ ¶b; kñgú xN³ eXIj B¤ FMknøi dwgrs dwgepadæBV nwkKiterOgra:v epSg². ÉGkulsCvn Edl)anjaúgM kayvaca [RbRBwteþ TA BuEM mnsuTE§ t)aneCaKC½ynUvkar RbRBwtGþ kuslkmµtamcMNg;rbs;xnøÜ TaMgGs; enaHk¾eTEdr eRBaHman GkuslkmµxHø k¾TamTaresckþBI üayam bBaØa Qøasév PaBsÞat;CnM aj eTIbGacsMerctamR)afña)anEdr . enHminTan; niyayGMBpI lvi)ak GaRkk;TaMgLay EdlxøÜnRtUvTTYlmkvijpg . ebIeTaHbIbKu ÁlTTYYl )aneCaKC½y kñgú GkuslkmµRbkbedayesamnsSevTna enATIbpM tu én kargard¾lamkenaH k¾bBaØarebobenH minGacjaúgM [citsþ b¶ ;ekIteLIg 134

taMgBIxagedIm rhUtdl;TbI Ba©b; énCIvti )aneLIy nigpSayCakitþiKuN eTARKb;TisTI k¾mni )an ebInwgTUnµancitRþ bePTenH[etag ykbrmtßFm’ elakutrþ Fm’mkCaGarmµN_ KWrti Etecjq¶ayBImKÁcti þ enHEfmeTot . dUecñHkarsnSMksu lcitþ edaylHGkuslciteþ TAvij KWRtUvEtRbkb edaykarsnSMbBaØa [)aneRcInbMptu tamry³karRtiHriHBicarNa kar RbRBwtyþ a:gRtwmRtUvCaerOy² rhUteXIjplBit RsbeTAnwgkargarEdl buKÁl)aneFVI esckþeI samnsSrIkray k¾Kg;ekIteLIgdl;bKu lÁ enaH EdlCaesckþsI xu s¶b;ya:gmanRBMEdn . RBHGriyelakEckRbePTbBaØaCaBIrBYk ³ - elakiyb,BaØa KWCabBaØaRbkbedaynUvGasv³RbRBwteþ TAedIm,I plRbeyan_kgñú elak . RBHGriy³elaksMKal;Baküfa elakenH KW sMedAykFmµCatiTaMgLay Edltak;EtgekIteLIgehIy k¾rEmgvinas EbkFøayeTAvij minEdlxanCaFmµta eTIbehAfaelak . - elakutrþ b,BaØa KWCabBaØaR)ascakGasv³ Rbkbedayecetavimtu þi RbRBwteþ TA edIm,ImKÁplqøgelak )andl;vbi sSnabBaØa . bBaØaenH KWectsikdwgc,as; dwgTUeTAkñgú kic©karGVImYy Edlcitþ kMBgu etagykCaGarmµN_ KWdgw viessxusEbøkBIsBaØa nigviBaØaN. bNÐti Kb,IeFVkI areRbóbeFobbBaØaenH eTAnwgCn3BYk KWBalkumarBYk1 GñkRsuk\tCMnajBYk1 CagmasR)ak;BkY 1 . CnTaMg3BYksuTE§ t )aneXIjKMnrmasR)ak;enAelItmu yY dUcKña BYkBalkumartUc RKan;Et)aneXIj vtßTú aMgenaH EtmindwgCarbs;GVI ykmkeRbIeFVCI aGV)I aneLIy . BYkGñk RsukdwgfaenHCamasR)ak; GacykeTArcnaCaeRKÓgeRbIR)as;rbs; mnusSTUeTA Etk¾mni dwgfarbs;TaMgenHsuT§ b¤Ekøgkøay)aneLIy É 135

Cagmasvij KWdgw )anTUeTA sUm,IRkeLkmYyEPøt b¤saþ b;srU k¾Gacdwg)an. sBaØaTukdUcCaBalTark viBaØaNTukdUcmnusSGñkRsuk bBaØaTukdUcCa Cagmas . ÉCagmasenH dMbgU k¾CaBalTark CamnusScas;Fmµta enAeBlEdlsBaØa viBaØaNetagykGarmµN_CamasR)ak; BIrebob vicRi trcna yUr²eTA citkþ K¾ g;Gacdwg)anfa enHCamassuT§ enHCamas lays<an; GacrcnaeFV)I anCaeRKÓgGVxI Hø minRcLM . dUecñHkarsnSM snþanedayGMNacrbs;kuslCvn RbRBwteþ TACaerOy²ya:gNa kar snSMbBaØa k¾mansPaBya:gdUecñHEdr . bBaØamYyRbePT GacGaRs½yedaykarsnSM]bnisS½yBIxagedIm man lkçN³CashCBaØaN¬Intuition¦CabBaØaepøkPøam ekIteLIgÉkÉgBuM manGVCI aeRKÓgdwknaM manehtukarN_)atuPtU GVeI kIteLIg k¾dgw yl;)an Pøam ehIyk¾GacedaHRsaybBaðaenaH)anPøamEdr . ÉbBaØaemIleXIjyl;RtUv faenHCarUbbrmtßrUbenHminEmnCatYxnøÜ rUbenHmineTog rUbenHCaTIRbCuéM nTukç enHCakuslcitEþ dlKYrsnSM enHCa GkuslcitEþ dlKYrlH enHCaGBüaktcitþ CaFmµCatimni KYrlH minKYr snSM KWCabBaØafñak;x<s;eRbIedIm,ImKÁplqøgelak . cMENkbBaØasMrab; dwgTUeTA kñgú karbdibtþbi Bu aØakiryi avtß1ú 0Rbkar EdlCavtßGú armµN_bN u ü kñgú kamelak k¾ya:gdUecñaHEdr . ]bmamanRTBü EtmincMNayeFVTI an NamYyesaH sUm,IptÁ ;pÁg;xnøÜ RbBn§knU bþsI I [)anRbesIr k¾mni ha‘n cMNay ÉxN³kMBgu TMBarcMNGI aharq¶aj;² k¾TBM arhUbya:geBjcitþ bMptu . ebIKaµ nbBaØa kúm¾ ni GacsÁal;)anfa enHCaelaPcitEþ dr . kalebImansti Gacrlwk)an GMBcI ti Rþ bePTenH ehIymanbBaØaEfm eTot eTIbGacdwg)anfa kñgú mYyéf¶² lM)akeKcecjBIesckþeI laP Nas; EtsMxan;RtUvecHeXIjeTasrbs;elaPcitþ faebIkan;EthYgEhg 136

snSMTku nwgekIt)anCaeTas Caplvi)akGVxI Hø eTIbGaclHelaPcitþ enH)anxøH² . buKlÁ EdlmanR)afñakñgú Tan edIm,IseRgÁaHdl;TKu tÁ Cn dl;matabita dl;cas;RBwTa§ carü CaGñkmansIlaTiKN u b¤mhaCnTaMgLayRbkbeday bBaØa eRBaHeXIjc,as;GMBRI beyaCn_énkarseRgÁaH buKÁlenaHk¾rEmg sVHEsVgrkRTBüya:gsucrit edIm,IEckrMElkeFVTI an[sgÁmxøH ¬sgÇta TkçN i Tan¦ TukbMrgu sMrab;GaCIBxønÜ xøH . kargarenHKWBti CajaúgM ecjBI kuslcitþ pSayeTA )anCakitKþi N u RKb;Tsi TI CaehtujaúgM [citbþ Ku Ál enaH ekItRBmnwgesamnsSevTnaya:gBitR)akd ehIyk¾)aneQµaHfa CaGñkmanRTBüpg EtKWBEuM mnenARtg;lcY qk;ekgRbv½Ba©RTBüsm,tþi GñkdéT ykmkEckrMElkeFVCI aTan ya:gEbbsb,úrsenaHeLIy . edaysarsnSMbBaØaBuTM an;cas;køa sÁal;FmµarmµN_CabuNü EdlnaM [ekItesamnsSmin)an eTIbmanbuKlÁ xøH nwkKitedayesAhµgcitþ eTAvijfa R)afñacg;eFVTI an nwgeKNas; eFVImni )an eRBaHKµanRTBü Et mindwgfaxønÜ CabuKÁlx¢ilRcGUs minEsVgrkRTBü edIm,IcBi a©wmCIvti ¬]dæan sm,Ta¦kusM Um,Idl;eTAmanRTBüEckrMElkeFVCI aTan . CYnkalKµan RTBüehIyk¾eday k¾enAEtRbwgERbgEckrMElkCaTan KWBEuM mnedIm,I lHesckþkI N M aj; edIm,IplRbeyaCn_sgÁm ¬sgÇtaTkçN i aTan¦ eLIy KWedaysarEtelaPcitRþ )afñaxusTMng fanwg)anRTBümkvijya:geRcIn CagenH edaymin)ac;sVHEsVgrk . kalebIRbtibtþmi ni )anRtwmRtUv smKYrdl;FmµrsBitya:genH yUr²eTAesckþTI TI al;Rkkan;EtKMramkMEhg EbrCamaneTasciteþ kIteLIg fñagM fñak;BkI areFVITanenaHeTAvijk¾sgw man ehIyk¾CaTancMeBaHRtwmEtbuKÁlNamYyY bu:eNÑaH ¬)adibKu ÁlikTan¦. 137

pÞyú eTAvijebImankrNIEbbenH ÉeTascitkþ e¾ nAEtekIteLIgmin)an esckþeI samnsSrIkraymuneBl[Tan kñgú eBl[Tan nigeRkayeBl [Tan enAEtekItmancMeBaHTan EdlxønÜ )anbric©aKenaH KWCakuslcitþ Bit ekIteLIgehIy . eTaHbImni manRTBüEckrMElkCaTan k¾enAmanbuBaØkri yi avtßú nig kuslkmµCaeRcIneTot ebI)anRbtibtþCi aerOy² k¾GacjaúgM [kusl citeþ kIteLIg)an dUcCakiryi ajaúgM citþ [ekItemtþa kruNaFm’eLIg sMdvI acad¾Ep¥mElðm minPUtkuhke)akR)as Twkcitmþ ni RcENnQñanIs Büa)aTb:g[GñkdéTvinas kiryi aCYyxVayxVl;kargarKña edayesckþI brisTu § karEckrMElktMerHviCa¢ fa Fm’GCVI aGkusl Fm’GCIV akusldl;Kña nwgKñaCaedIm KWBti Cakiryi aminmaneTas PynþrayGVeI LIy . dUecñHkar lHGkuslcitþ BuEM mnenARtg;EtkarEckrMElkTanmYy ehIyhYgEhg snSMTku b¤RbmUlykmkvij nUvGkuslcitCþ aeRcInenaHeLIy . enHKWelakiyb,BaØa eRbIkgñú eBlbdibtinþ vU buBaØkri yi avtß1ú 0 b¤ksu l kmµbf10 ebIykbBaØaenHeRbIsMrab;R)afñalaPcMeBaHvtßkú amkñgú elakenH k¾rEmgGac)anlaP RBmTaMg[plcityþ a:gsuxs¶b;EfmeTot ehIyKW RtUvepþmI ecjBIelakiyb,BaØaenH eTIbGacQaneTArkelakutrþ b,BaØaeXIj. kamavcresaPNcit2þ 4dYgKW ³ mhakusl8 mhavi)ak8 mhakiryi a8enH manRbePTrab;dcU KñaKW ³ - esamnsSshKt jaNsm,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1 - esamnsSshKt jaNvib,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1 - ]ebkçashKt jaNsm,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1 - ]ebkçashKt jaNvib,yutþ Gsgçarik1 ssgçarik1. - jaNsm,yutþ KWcti eþ kItrlt;RbkbedaybBaØaectsik . 138

- jaNvib,yutþ KWcti eþ kItrlt;R)ascakbBaØaectsik . bBaØakñgú TIenH KWseM dAykcitdþ gw c,as;GBM eI htu4ya:g eTIbBüayamEckrMElk Tan[smUhPaBsgÁm b¤RBHsgÇ ¬sgÇtaTkçiNaTan¦ Büayam rkSasIlsikaç bT ¬c,ab;viny½ ¦BüayamRtiHriHBicarNaPavna GMBFI m’Na Cakusl lHFm’NaCaGkusl edIm,IceM rInbBaØaKW ³1> dwgc,as;fa kmµKWGeM BI kargarEdlbuKÁleFVIl¥ b¤GaRkk;lamkNamYy nwg)anTTYlplceRmInxagl¥ b¤GaRkk;ya:genaHEdr . 2> dwgc,as;fa ebIbKu ÁlsMerc)annUvsmaFi nUvQancitnþ gw ]b,tþki ekItenARBhµelak . 3> dwgc,as;fa citGþ atµaGjminmanTidyæi l;xsu manHrwgrUs ebIyl; nUvGtßrbs;Fm’mni )anc,as; k¾BüayamsaksYrGñkR)aCJ ehIyeKcecj BIbKu ÁlBalGab;\tR)aCJa . 4> dwgc,as;fa kielsenH KWBti CaeRKÓgesAhµgrbs;cti þ RtUvEtlH[Gs; edaynUvQansmabtþi nigvibsSnaPavna . 2 mhakuslcitþT1 I manesckþGI Fib,ayfa buKÁlmancitRþ bkb edayesamnsSshKt jaNsm,yutþ Gsgçarik kalebIbribN U e’ day eTyüvtßúsm,tþi citþenaHk¾rIkray eRBaH)aneXIjbdiKÁahksm,tþid¾ ]tþmCaGñkmanvtþRbtibtþismKYrtamFmµrs . buKÁlenaHk¾manciteþ Rtk Gresayrs\dæarmµN_kgñú TanRbkbedaysmµaTidiæ eXIjRtUvtamGgÁ rbs;GdægkÁi mKÁ k¾jaúgM Tanmy³[ekIteLIg ya:gesamnsSrIkray ekøóvkøaedayxønÜ Ég KµanbuKlÁ NamkdwknaM eRBaHGaRs½ydwgc,as; ehtu4RbkarxagelI BüayameFVbI Bu aØakiryi avtß1ú 0enH CaerOy² )an 139

eQµaHfa buKÁlenaHmancitþRbkbeday esamnsSshKtjaNsm,yutþ Gsgçarik ekItmandl;buKlÁ kñgú kalenaH²Ég . 2 mhakuslTI2 manesckþeI pSgKñaEtRtg;ssgçarik manesckþI fa dMbgU buKlÁ enAmanesckþxI l¢i RcGUskñgú kiryi aeFVIbN u ü GaRs½y edayBuTM an;manCMenOsT§a luHman]bCÄay_ jatimti þmkENnaMrlM kw das;etOnTUnµan bBaØak¾ekIteLIg manesckþBI üayamcab;cat;Ecg eFVIbN u ü CaerOy²tamkmøagM sT§a mhakuslcitRþ bkbedayesamnsSshKtjaNsm,yutþ ssgçarik k¾ekItmandl;bKu lÁ kñgú kalenaH²Ég . 2 mhakuslcitT þ 3I RBHGriyelakeRbobeTABalkumartUc b¤bKu lÁ Gab;\tR)aCJa edaysareXIjkarRbtibtþirbs;matabita jatimti Cþ itxag evlaeXIjsmN³cas;RBwTa§ carü mnusScas;CraTuKt’ kñgú sgÁm k¾ekIt esckþeI RtkGr EtR)ascakbBaØa KWmni dwgehtu4ya:g Etk¾BuMmanesckþI x¢ilRcGUs ehIyk¾BuMmanbuKÁldéTmkdwknaMdas;etOnEdr KWmanesckþI ]sSah_BüayamrkRTBü EckrMElkTanedayxønÜ ÉgCaerOy² tamkmøagM man)an kñgú evlaNa esamnsSshKt jaNvib,yutGþ sgçarik nwgekIt mandl;BalTark b¤bKu ÁlGab;\tbBaØakñúgkalenaH²Ég . 2 mhakuslcitT þ 4I manesckþxI su Kña EtRtg;ssgçarik EdlGaRs½y matabita GñkdéTbbYllYgelam [ykeTyüvtßsú m,tþi eTACUnCIdnU CIta cas;RBwT§acarüsmN³ mnusScas;Cra kñúgsgÁm EdlCaGñkmansIla TiKN u nakalenaH citrþ bs;BalkumartUc² k¾sÞHú eTAkñgú GMNacénbuBaØ kiriyavtßúrbs;xnøÜ esckþsI b,ayrIkrayk¾ekIteLIg RBmedayesamnsS evTnaectsik BalkumartUc b¤bKu lÁ Gab;\tR)aCJak¾)aneQµaHfa man citRþ bkbeday esamnsSshKt jaNvib,yutþ ssgçarik nakalenaHEdr. 140

mhakuslcitTþ 5I -6-7-8 manesckþIGFib,aydUcKñanwgmhakusl TI1-2-3-4 Edr epSg²KñaEtRtg;mhakuslTI5-6-7-8 esayrs \dæarmµN_rbs;bN u üRbkbeday]ebkçaevTna KWmankiryi aRbRBwtkþ gñú buNü RbkbedayjaNsm,yutþ [plCaéRtehtu»mk³ ebIR)ascak bBaØa [plCaTieV htu»mk³ . kamavcrkuslcit8þ dYgenHrEmgjaúgM kaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwtþbBu aØkri yi avtßCú aerOy² cat;Cakmµb,c©y½ Edl naM[kamavcrkuslvi)ak8dYgekIteLIgenARtg;PvgÁ. kamavcrsehtukkuslvi)akcit8þ dYgenH EdlehAfamhavi)ak cit8þ dYg KWCaplrbs;mhakuslCvn8dYg ekItrlt;Rbkbeday GelaP³ GeTas³ Gemah³ eRBaHGaRs½ymanesaPNectsik ekIt rYmCamYy dUcmhakuslcit8þ Edr . mhavi)akcit8þ dYg Caplrbs;mhakuslcit8þ dYg RtUvekItrlt; enARtg;PvgÁ bnÞab;BtI Talm<Ncitþrlt; ÉGehtukvi)akcit1þ 5dYgKW GehtukGkuslvi)ak7 Gehtukkuslvi)akcit8þ dYg ekItrlt;enARtg; bBa©vBi aØaNvifIeLIgdl;RtwmsnþrI NvifbI :eu NÑaH eTIbmanrebobrab;eday ykeQµaHvi)akcitTþ aMg7 KWbBa©vBi aØaNcit5þ sm,dicnä 1ñ snþrI N1 EdlekItrlt; enARtg;vifcI ti nþ mI yY ²mkrab;Etmþg . mhakuslcitþ CacitþmankmøagM xøagM GacekItrlt;)anRKb;xNcitTþ aMg17 RKb;vfi cI ti þ TaMg7 eTIbminmanrebobrab;edayeyaleTAtamvifcI ti nþ mI yY ² Edl ekItrlt; dUcGehtukcitþenaHeLIy . eTIbmhakuslvi)akcit8þ dYg k¾ manesckþGI Fib,ay nigmanrebobrab;dcU Kña nwgmhakuslcit8þ dYgEdr RKan;EtRtUvdwgfamhavi)akekItrlt;enARtg;PvgÁEdlCaTVarvimtu eþi naH. 2

141

Émhakiryi acit8þ dYg manesckþIGFib,aydUcmhakuslcitþ 8 dYgEdr epSg²KñaEtbuKlÁ KWmhakiryi aciteþ naH ekIteLIgEtkñgú snþan rbs;RBHxINaRsB ÉRBHxINaRsB k¾elakenAmanRBHT½yR)arB§eFVbI uNü dUcBYkbufCu n¢ Edr edaysarEtelakmanTwkcitTþ kw RBHT½y Rbkbeday Gb,mBaØaFm’4 KWemtþa kruNa muTti a ]ebkça cMeBaHstV buKlÁ TUeTA \tmanerIsmux esatÉkareFVIbN u ürbs;elak KWCaCvncitjþ aúgM [RbRBwtþ eLIgk¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþcti eþ nHBM)u anRbkan;maMcMeBaHkamarmµN_eLIy . eTIb kiryi ajaúgM citeþ nH[Tanmy³ekIteLIg minRbkbedaytNða eRBaHRBH xINaRsB elakGs;esckþRI )afña ykkuslplbuNü dUcbufCu n¢ eday sarelakkS½yGasvkáielsGs;CasmuecäTehIy . mhakiryi acit8þ dYg enH k¾mni jaúgM mhavi)ak[ekIteLIgeRBaHGaRs½yminmankuslmUl GkuslmUlsm,yutþ luHdl;kN M t;kalGs;RBHCnµayu elakk¾rMlay xn§ cUlbrinBi aVn Elgbdisn§ki gñú éRtPB . 2

ectsikbrmtß

RBHGPiFmµ sMedAykbrmtßFm’ CaFm’dv¾ iess CaGntþaFm’ eRBaH minsßti enAeRkamkarbgÁab;bBa¢arbs;bKu ÁlNaeLIy . RBHsmµasm<Tú § kalRtas;dgw nUvbrmtßFm’enH tamsPav³énesckþBI ti RBHGgÁk)¾ an bnÞn;kay sRmbcitGþ b;rMcti þ eKarBtamFm’ EdlRBHGgÁ)anRtas;dgw enaHEdr . 142

RTg;)ansMEdgfa sUm,IRBHGgÁk¾mni manGMNac GacjaúgM [buKÁl Na rYccakTuk)ç aneLIy KWmanEtbuKlÁ enaHRbtibtþti amFm’bu:eNÑaH eTIbGacsMercmKÁpl rYccakputTuk)ç an . brmtßFm’ EdlRBHGgÁ)anRtas;dgw BuEM mnCaFm’hsY visy½ nwgyl; Bu)M anenaHeLIy eRBaHCaFm’EdlmanBit enAkñgú FmµCatiTaMgLayénelak eyIgenH dUcCarUb citþ ectsik GarmµN_CaedImenH . ]bmakñgú xN³ eXIjrUb BN’sm,úr KWRtUvmanrUbCabuerCatb,c©y½ 1 ehAfarU)armµN_Ca sPav³RtUveXIj nigmanEPñkCaFatueXIj1 . FatuTaMgBIrenaHkalebI b:HpÞb;Kañ Cabc©y½ ]btßmÖ[citeþ XIj ekIteXIjenARtg;FatueXIj KWckçFú atu)aneQµaHehAfa ckçvú Bi aØaNFatuCabcäaCatb,c©y½ . ckçFú atu KWCarUbbrmtß eRBaHCaFmµCatimanBit CaFatuxagedIm kalebImanrU)armµN_mkb:HpÞb; Cabc©y½ [citeþ XIjCanamFm’ KWckçú viBaØaN ekIteXIjeLIgCaedImbnÞab; . epadæBaVrmµN_b:HpÞb;ngw kayFatu Cabc©y½ [citdþ gw smösS ekItdwgekþA RtCak; rwg Tn; QWpSaeLIg ehAfakayviBaØaNcit.þ kayviBaØaNciteþ nH ekItrlt; Rbkbeday suxevTna b¤Tku çevTna KWBEuM mnekItrlt; Rbkbeday]ebkçaevTna dUcviBaØaNcit4þ eTot EdlekItrlt;enARtg;ckçFú atu esatFatu CIvðaFatu nigXanFatuenaHeLIy . citþEdlesayGarmµN_RbkbedaysuxevTna b¤TukçevTnaCa erOy² CaehtunaM[stV buKlÁ sMKal;)anfa GarmµN_enHmkCaTIeBj citeþ hAfa \dæarmµN_ ÉGarmµN_enaH² mkminCaTIeBjcitþ KWmkCaTukç lM)ak eRBaHeFV[I citRþ TaMRT)anedaykRmehAfa Gnidaæ rmµN_ dUc)an sMEdgenARtg;GarmµN_n½yrYcehIy . 143

citþeXIj CackçúviBaØaNcitþ1 citþB¤ CaesatviBaØaNcitþ1 citþFuMkøinCa XanviBaØaNcitþ1 citþdwgrs CaCIvðaviBaØaNcitþ1 citþdwgsmösSCakayviBaØaN cit1þ TaMgGs;enHehARtwmfacitkþ ¾)an EdlekItrlt;eLIgdMbgU GaRs½ybBa©TaV ravC¢neTIbgakrkGarmµN_ KWBTuM an;mankuslectsik b¤GkuslectsikekItrlt;rYmCamYyenAeLIy. xN³EdlbBa©vBi aØaN citeþ nHeLIgdl;CvnvifI nigtTalm<NvifI ebIciteþ tagyk\dæarmµN_ citeþ naHeLIgkan;RKb;vfi I esayGarmµN_tambBa©TaV rpg tammenaTVar pgehAfa sPav³énciteþ Bj eTIb)anmkCaesckþeI Bjcitþ b¤ehAfa esckþeI RtkGrrbs;cti þ xN³enHeTIbmanectsikekItrYmCamYy)an. citEþ dlekItrlt;EbbenH KWCacitEþ dlCab;CBM ak;kgñú \dæarmµN_)an mkCaesckþRI sLaj;esckþRI bkan;maMrbs;cti eþ Bj KWCacitEþ dlesay rsrbs;GarmµN_ ekItrlt;enARtg;CvnvifpI g nigtTalm<NvifpI g mindac;CrY xN³ eTIbekIt)anCacitþmyY dYgeTotehAfa elaPcitþ . sUmbBa¢ak;eLIgvijGMBCI IvitrUb bsaTrUb vtßGú armµN_ kalebI)an pSMpbÁúM :HxÞb;Kañ rEmgjaúgM PvgÁ b¤bNÐr³ [ERbkøayeTACaciteþ LIg)an . Gtisxu umTsSn_ GacemIleXIjCIvti rUbCabnÞb;ekasika enARtYt²bnþ bnþbú elI²Kña manclnarehal²vilCuvM ji mUlrUbmYy¬Noyau¦. GarmµN_ KWCavtßkú amrYmman rUb sMeLg køi n rs smösSTaMgBYg k¾ekIt manBIrU b brmtß ehIyrUbbrmtßenH rEmgRbkbedayGnic©tarUb ekItmkCamYy KWCarUbmineTog rUbEdlRtUvrlt;cHu dUc)ansMEdgenARtg;rbU brmtßrcY mkehIy. citeþ nHkalebIekIteLIgehIy k¾mni taMgenAya:gRbRktIenaHEdr KwRtUvGMNacrbs;\dæarmµN_ nigGnidaæ rmµN_ rcnaciteþ nH [køayeTACa 144

citEþ bøk²epSg² CaeRcIndYgeTot . dUcCaciteþ XIjenAekItrlt;bnþ bu:Enþcti eþ XIjenH ERbkøayeTACaciteþ RtkGrpg citRþ sLaj;ekItrlt; rYmCamYypg rhUtERbkøayeTACaelaPcitþ R)afñacg;)anvtßCú a\dæarmµN_ enaHEfmeTotk¾sgw man . bBa©vBi aØaNcitTþ aMg5enH CarYmehAfacitþ ÉCvncitþ KWCacitEþ dl kMBgu esayGarmµN_tambBa©TVar cMENkÉFmµCatiCaciteþ Bj citeþ RtkGr citRþ sLaj; citeþ mtþa citkþ ruNaCaedIm EdlekIteLIgBI\dæarmµN_ RBHsmµasm<Tú § RTg;mni )aneRbIBaküehAfaciteþ ToteT RTg;[eQµaH ehAfa ectsik . cMENkÉcitþ EdlekItrlt; BIvtßCú aGnidaæ rmµN_ KWjaúgM [vifcI ti þ ekIteLIgminRKb;CYrxN³ . ebIekIteLIgRKb;CYrxN³ KWGaRs½ysPav rUbenaHCaGtimhnþarmµN_ ÉcitEþ dlekIteLIgenaH min)anCaciteþ Rtk Gr Caciteþ samnsSrIkrayeLIy eRBaHdMbgU enaHGaRs½yedaykay viBaØaNcitþ esayGnidaæ rmµN_ ekItrlt;edayTukeç vTna EdlcitRþ TaMRT )anedaykRmenaH CaehtunaM[citfþ añ gM fñak; citxþ gw citeþ TamnsS citRþ bTUsþ citbþ s¤ Sa citBþ üa)aT citQ þ añ nIsCaedIm ekItmaneLIg . RBHsmµasm<Tú § RTg;bBaØtþ [eQµaHcitRþ bePTenHfa Caectsik Edr EtCaGkuslectsik rEmgekIteLIg sm¶eM nAkñgú citrþ bs;bKu lÁ CabufCu n¢ TaMgLay minkMNt;fabuKlÁ enaH manePTCaGVI manzan³ vNÑ³ mux naTICamnusSCMBkU Na)aneLIy . pÞyú eTAvijebImnusSCMBkU CaGñkman GMNac\tRBMEdn manmhaCneKarB TukCaTIskáar³eRcIn CaGñkbribN U ’ edayvtßkú am CalaPsMrab;[citeþ tagyk )antamcMNg;R)afña manEt karfñak;fñmelIktemágI KµankarGb;rTM nU aµ neRbonRbedAcitþ buKlÁ enaHnwg 145

eBareBjeTAedayGkuslectsikTaMgLay ectnaectsik qnÞectsik rEmgjaúgM cit[þ R)afñavtßkú amenaH kan;EtmankMrti x<s;eLIg²KµanTIbpM tu CaBiessenAkñgú mCÄdæansgÁm EdlmankarEbgEckmnusSCavNÑ³ tam EbbénRTwsRþI BhµBaØsasna . enAeBlEdlelaPcitþ sÞúHeTAetagGarmµN_ RbkbedayesckþI RsLaj;eBjcitþ esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ RbkbedayesamnsSevTna sb,ayya:grMePIbjab;j½r buKÁlenaHminEdlnwkeXIjfa GarmµN_Ca kamTaMgLay RbkbedayGnict© arUb KWFmµCatieFVI[rUb rEmgEbkFøay vinaseTAvijenaHeLIy . ebIBeuM naHeT eKP½yxøac R)afñahamXat; min [vtßCú aTIeBjcitþ EbkFøayeTAvijEdlCaesckþRI )afña xusBIbrmtßsc©³ esckþIP½yxøacbMputenaH KWBuMEmncas;CraCm¶WenaHeT KWesckþI søab;. GkuslectsikenHekIteLIg KWCaeTamnsSevTna GaRs½yeday sarTukçsc©³rbs;rbU EdlminmanbuKlÁ NaGaceKcput)an . ÉesckþI RtiHriHBicarNa[eXIjGMBIehtuénCm¶W tamsPavBit b¤rHi rkmeFüa)ay karBar buKlÁ EbrCaBumM anesckþtI k;støú eTAvij enHKWehturbs;emah³. esckþRI tiHriHBicarNa edIm,ITb;Tl;karBarcMeBaHehtubc©y½ Bit kñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ manbBaØasÁal;c,as;RtwmRtUvtamsPav³Bit RBHsmµasm<Tú § RTg;[eQµaHehAfa esaPNectsik . karsMEdgGMBcI ti bþ rmtß KW[bufCu n¢ sÁal;cti þ faCanamFm’dgw nUv GarmµN_ EtkalebIcti eþ nHsÁal;c,as; GMBsI Pav³rbs;GarmµN_ehIy citþ EdlekItbnþ k¾nkw KitEkéxciteþ XIj citBþ C¤ aedIm [ERbkøayeTACa citeþ RcIndYgepSg²eTotekItrYmCamYy eTIb)anCa[eQµaHciteþ nHmYy 146

EbbeTotfavicRi t KWenARtg;cti eþ nH kaletagGarmµN_)anehIy rEmg bMEpøgxønÜ [eTACacitCþ aectsik )anya:geRcIndYgbEnßmeTotenaH . citeþ kIteLIg EkéxxønÜ )anCaectsik ekIteLIgkalNa CaehtujaúgM [kaykmµvcIkmµRbRBwteþ TA\tQb;Qr eRbobdUcelakFatuTaMgLay kMBgu RbRBwteþ TAenAkñgú cRkvaLya:gdUecñaHEdr¬kmµvd¦þ . Rtg;enHehIy eTIbvtßúkamenHkþI kmµKWGMeBI b¤kargarenHkþI ectsikenHkþI KWCaFmµCati RtUvsikSaeronsURt sÁal;[c,as; edIm,IGb;rcM ti eþ nH taMgBIdMbgU bMput ku[M ecHEtvicRi txønÜ eTAtamEtGarmµN_ Cavtßkú am GUsTaj ekIt)anCaGkuslectsik ehIygakEbrmkvicRi txønÜ [ eTAxagesaPNectsikvij edIm,IjaúMgkmµ[RbRBwtþeLIg kñúgkar GPivDÆGarmµN_Cavtßkú am [RsbeTAnwgesckþcI rM gu cMerIn kñgú esckþI suxBit . dUecñHGñkRKb;RKgsgÁm enAkñgú RKb;mCÄdæan Kb,IrHi rk

GarmµN_ KWCavtßkú amRbePTNa kmµKkW argarRbePTNa edIm,Ipþl;[ eTACnRKb;rbU bdibtþi citþGacsnSMsnþanBIGarmµN_enaH BIkargarenaH eTIb Cabc©½y[esaPNectsikekIteLIg dl;buKÁlTaMgenaH)an.

mnusSekItmk manGarmµN_Cavtßkú amTaMgLay Cakmµvtßyú a:g mann½yrbs;CvI ti eTIbCabc©y½ [kmµ KWkargar GMeBICakuslxøH Ca GkuslxøH RbRBwteþ TABuEM dlGak;xan F¶n;RsaleTAxagNa² GaRs½y karGb;rM snSMsnþanBIcti þ ectsik Cakusl CaGkuslrbs;mnusSmñak;² bu:eNÑaH. manbuKÁleRcInNas;enAelIelakenH Edl)aneRbIR)as; viFankar nigGMeBIdE¾ sneXareXA éRBépSbMptu edIm,IGN M ac RTBü sm,tþsi þkú sþmÖ . 147

eBl)ansMerctamR)afñaehIy mhictä aciteþ LIgkan;Etx<s; CIvti kan; Etht;enOyeLIg² esckþsI xu kay s¶b;cti Bþ EuM dlsÁal; manEtesckþI P½yxøacRKb;bBaðakñgú CIvti . enHGaRs½ybuKÁlsnSMsnþaneTAxagGku slectsikd¾FM KWmhicätaectsikR)afñaFM esckþITku lç M)ak k¾manTMhM eTAtamenaHEdr . RBHGriyfa buKlÁ EbbenH CamnusSKµanxøwmsar sRmab;sgÁm eRBaH)anTukEtesckþlI )M ak etakya:kevTna[sgÁm É buKÁlenaHk¾TTYlEtesckþpI nþ aÞ esckþQ I añ nIs minecHcb;BsI gÁmEdr . esckþRI tas;dgw rbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú § sþBI IrbU enHfaekIteLIgBIkar pSMedayFatu4 manGayutci Nas; ÉrUbFatupSMkalebI)anRKb;lkçN³ sm,tþei nH k¾begátI )ankayviBaØtþi vicvI Bi aØtþi edIm,IbeM BjtYnaTI[citþ EdlCaedImehtubNþal[kaykmµvcIkmµekIteLIg . Écitþ ectsik EdlRBHGgÁ)anRtas;dgw eTIbdwgmeFüa)ayd¾man sarsMxan;bpM tu kñgú kareFVI[CIvti Edl)anRbRBwteþ TAkñgú mYyéf¶² man xømw sar KWenARtg;karGb;rcM ti þ [ERbkøayeTAxagesaPNectsikd¾l¥ sa¥ t . esaPNectsik KWectsikd¾ls¥ a¥ tenHehIy EdljaúgM kaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwteþ LIgRbkbedayesckþGI PivDÆya:gsuxsnþPi aB Canic© nirnþr_ rhUtdl;fañ k;mKÁcitþ plcitþCaniBaV n kuMsmU ,IeLIyesckþIsxu s¶b;ya:gsamBaØrbs;CvI ti RbcaMéf¶ enAkñgú elakeyIgenH. bc©bú ,nñ BiPBelakkMBgu sVHEsVgbegátI vb,Fm’snþiPaB . edIm,I

GacbegátI vb,Fm’snþPi aB)an dMbgU enaHRtUvEtnaMKañ sikSaGMBrI cnasm<n½ § rbs;cti þ ectsiktamkarRtas;dgw rbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú C§ amunsin rYceTIb

sikSa citsþ a®sþrbs;sgÁm bnÞab;mkRtUvcab;erobcMrcnasm<n½ k§ argar 148

¬kmµ¦KYbpSMngw viFankarGb;rM viFankarrdæ)al [elcrUbragCavb,Fm’ snþPi aBBit eTIbesckþsI uxs¶b;Bti GacekItmaneLIg)an . kalebIectsiks¶b;ekItrYmCamYycit;)þ anehIy kmµEdlGaRs½y citjþ aúgM [ekIteLIg rEmgRbRBwteþ TAkñgú kic©CasnþPi aB ÉkargarCa snþPi aBenaH kalebIRtUv)anRbRBwteþ LIgCaerOy² k¾Gb;rsM nSMsnþanCa ectsiks¶b;)anBuEM dlxan . ÉcitEþ dlRBHsmµasm<Tú §)anRtas;dgw sMEdgTukTaMgkuslcitþ TaMgGkuslcitþman 89 dYgKW ³- kamavcrcitþ 54dYg KWmanGesaPNcit3þ 0dYg nigesaPN cit2þ 4dYg . - rU)avcrcitþ 15dYg - GrU)avcrcitþ 12dYg - elakutþrcitþ 8dYg RBHGnurTu a§ carüsMEdgkñgú GPiFmµtsß gÁh cit8þ 9dYgenHfa Ca citEþ tmYyk¾)an ÉectsikRTg;)anrYbrYmTukTaMgl¥ TaMgGaRkk;man52 dYg Kg;enACa52dYg dEdl . RBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;Rtas;sMEdgGMBcI itþ TaMg89dYg nigectsik 52dYgenH TaMgl¥ TaMgGaRkk; KWseM dA[buKÁlsÁal;rcnasm<n½ B§ ti rbs;cti þ ehIy[ecHGb;rM snSMesaPNectsik [)aneRcInbMptu lH [Gs;Gkuslectsik edIm,I[mhakuslcitþ rU)avcrcitþ GrU)avcrcitþ elakutrþ citþ ekIteLIgkñgú snþan . dUc)ansMEdgehIyfa citeþ tag citeþ kItBIGarmµN_Na ectsikk¾ekIt nigetagGarmµN_enaHEdr RKan;Et ectsikmanlkçN³EbøkBIcti eþ XIj citBþ ¤ citFþ ukM nøi citdþ gw rs citdþ gw 149

epadæBV V EtectsikenH ekItman k¾edaysarciteþ kIteLIgCaxagedImEdr ehIyciteþ nH k¾BEuM mnCaFmµCatiEdlRtUvlH RtUvsnSMeLIy . cMENkÉectsikenaH eTIbCaFmµCatiEdlRtUvlH RtUvsnSM RtUv sÁal;[)anc,as; cMENkÉkuslectsiksm,yutþCamYy mhakuslcitþ rU)avcrcitþ GrU)avcr citþ elakutþrcitþ eTIbcitdþ gY TaMgenHekIteLIg)an.

ectsik52dYg ectsik52dYg EdlRBHsmµasm<Tú )§ ansMEdgTukKW GBaØsmanaect sik13 Gkuslectsik14 esaPNectsik25 . GBaØsmanaectsik13dYg ectsikdéTRKb;dgY kalebIekIteLIg RtUvmanGBaØsmanaectsik 13dYgenH ekItrYmCamYyesµdI cU ²Kña nigekItrlt;rYmCamYycitdþ gY xøH . GBaØsmanaectsik kalebIekItrlt;rmY CamYynwgGkuslectsik k¾ eTACaGkusl ebIekItrlt;rYmnwgkuslectsik k¾eTACaesaPNd¾l¥ s¥at . cMENkGkuslectsik ekItrlt;rYmCamYynwgesaPNectsik Bu)M aneLIy eRBaHGkuslectsik ekIteLIgGMBGI kuslmUl3 KW elaP³ eTas³ emah³ EdlCasPavFm’GaRkk; [plvi)akCaeTas Ca Tukç minCaTIeBjcitGþ s;kald¾yrU . kuslectsikekIteLIg GMBI esaPNehtudl¾ s¥ a¥ tKWGelaP³ GeTas³ bBaØa ¬Gemah³¦eTIbekIt rYmnwgGkuslectsikBuM)anenaH . GBaØsmanaectsikenHman2RbePT KWsBVcti sþ aFarNectsik7 nigbkiNkÑ ectsik6dYg . sBVcti sþ aFarNectsik7dYg RtUvekItrlt; rYmCamYynwgcitþ RKb;dgY RKb;xN³RKbvifI Edlciteþ kIteLIg RtUvmanectsik7dYgenH 150

ekItrYmCamYy . ÉRtg;bBa©vBi aØaNcit1þ 0dYgKW GkuslbBa©vBi aØaNcitþ 5 nigkuslbBa©vBi aØaNcit5þ manEtsBVcti sþ aFarNectsik7dYgenH ekItrYmCamYy BumM anectsikdéT ekItrYmCamYy)aneLIy eRBaHTVbi Ba© viBaØaNcitþ10dYgenH enACaGehtukciteþ nAeLIy ekIteLIgbnÞab;BIGavC¢ncitþ EdlCakiriyacitþ nigCavifIcitþTI1rlt;cuH . ÉcitþdYgeRkABIenH man ectsik ekItrYmCamYy elIsBIectsikTaMg7dYgenH elIstic b¤elIs eRcIn eTAtamRbePTcitnþ mI yY ² . 2 sUmeFVIesckþIGFib,ayGMBIsBVcitþsaFarNectsik7dYgenH enA Rtg;CvnvifbI :ueNÑaH eRBaHCvncitþ CatYcti sþ nSMsnþan snSMGFüaRs½y rbs;mnusSRKb;rbU dUcxageRkam ³1> psSectsik ³ psSectsikenH ekItrlt;RsbRBmnwg Cvnciteþ kIteLIg eRBaHkalebIcti eþ kIt k¾ekIteLIgGaRs½yedaykar Bal;RtUveTIbCabc©y½ [psSectsikekIteLIgRBm RsbKñanwgciteþ kIt enARtg;bsaTrUb EdlmansPav³Bal;RtUvenaH. esckþGI Fib,ayenARtg;matika sþGI BM cI ti fþ a citþenHekItman GaRs½yCIvit®i nþyI _rs;ranenA RBmTaMgmankarb:HpÞb;GarmµN_ eTAnwgbsaT rUb . vtßkú amTaMgLaydUcCa rUb sMeLg køni rs smösS Cavtßeú nAxag eRkACuvM ji xønÜ CarYmehAfa GarmµN_ . smösSmann½yfa karb:HBal;RtUvRBm karb:HRbsBVKañ rvag Gaytn³xagkñgú dUcCaEPñk Rtecok RcmuH GNþat kay nwgGaytn³ xageRkA dUcCarUb vNÑ sMeLgCaedIm . karb:HRbsBVKañ enH KWCaehtu EdlnaM[mankarBal;RtUv EdlCabc©y½ ]btßm[Ö citþekIteLIg . karBal; RtUvRBmenHehAfa psS³ . dUecñH psS³ KWkarBal;RtUvenH k¾cat;Tku fa CaGarmµN_ . 151

GarmµN_Cavtßúmk[citeþ tag edaykarpSBVpSayeTAnUvBnøBW N’ sMeLg køni CaedIm xN³bnÞab;mk BnøBW N’ sMeLgenaH k¾clU mkb:H RbsBVpÞb;KñanwgEPñk b¤Rtecok>>>. kalebIb:HRbsBVCYbKñaehIyya:genH k¾ekIt)anCakarBal;RtUv eRbóbdUcCaRKYsmYyduM Føak;eTAb:HnwgExSTwk EdlkMBgu hUrya:gdUecñaH KWkgñú xN³enH eTIbCaGarmµN_EdlekIteLIg BIkarBal;RtUvcMeBaH enARtg;Fatucti þ. karsikSaGMBcI ti þ ectsikenH RtUvdwgfa ebIcti eþ tagGarmµN_Na ectsikk¾ekIteLIgBIGarmµN_enaH ]bmafa psSectsik ekIteLIgenA Rtg;ckçTú aV r psSectsik)andwgfamanrU)armµN_ mkb:HenARtg; ckçFú atu cMENkckçvú Bi aØaNcitþ ckçCú vncit)þ aneXIjrU)armµN_enaH rYceTAehIy rWÉpsSectsikk¾ekIteLIgRBmdUcKña RsbnwgCvnciteþ XIj kMBgu ekIt eLIgenaHEdr . 2> evTnaectsik ³ kalebIpsSectsikekIteLIg dwgpsSarmµN_ ehIy Cabc©y½ ]btßm[Ö ectsikdéTekIKeLIg dMbgU enaH evTnaectsik k¾ekIteLIgbnþPaø m eRbóbdUcbuKlÁ cMGni ePaCn kalebImni )anyk ePaCnmkdak;kgñú mat; [b:HGNþat k¾mni dwgsabéRb)anEdr . É FmµCatidgw fa manGVImkb:HGNþatehIyenaH KWpsSectsikÉevTna ectsikesaypsSahar KWmðÚbenH evTnaectsikk¾dgw famðÚbéRbCaedIm. dUecñHkñgú mYyéf¶² KWevTnaectsikenH Edldwgfacitþsb,ay citþ lM)akQWpSa citRþ BYykgVl; citeþ kItTukç citRþ BegIykenþyI kñgú GarmµN_ EdlenACuvM ji xønÜ . ÉpsSectsikRKan;Etdwgfa GarmµN_kBM gu R)akd b:HBal;RtUvnwgTVarbsaTrUbbu:eNÑaH . - citsþ b,ayeRBaHekItrlt;rmY CamYynwgesamnsSevTnaectsik. - citlþ )M akekItTukQ ç pW Sa KWCaeTamnsSevTnaectsik. 152

- citþRBegIykenþIycMeBaHGarmµN_ CabuNükþI Ca)abkþI KWCa]ebkçaevTna ectsik . ectsikTaMg3enH esaypsSarmµN_ ekItrlt;kgñú mYyéf¶² minEdlelaHxan eTIbCaehtuénkarsnSMsnþancitþ snSMGFüaRs½y snSM]bnisS½y )anya:geRcInbMptu begátI )anCacrit b¤kBarbs;bKu Ál mñak;² eTAtamGMNackmµ GMNacciteþ rog²xønÜ . 3> sBaØaectsik karsikSaGMBIbrmtßviCa¢ ebIcg;dwgcg;saÁ l;cti þ sÁal;GFüaRs½yCabuNü Ca)abrbs;bKu Álmñak;² RtUvdwgfapsSectsik rbs;bKu lÁ enaH ekIteLIgBIpsSarmµN_GxVI Hø CaRbePTbuNü b¤Ca RbePT)ab eRBaHfapsSarmµN_CavtßGú VI citkþ þI psSectsikkþI k¾dgw sÁal; Etvtßeú naHCaGarmµN_ rWÉevTnaectsikekIteLIg k¾esaydwgrsrbs; GarmµN_ EtGMBM vI tßeú naHEdr . evTnaectsikenH ekItrYmnwgCvncitþ ekIt rlt;7xN³Cab;²Kña eTIbcitrþ bs;bKu ÁlenaH caM)an sMKal;)an Et psSarmµN_CabuNü b¤Ca)abNamYyY EdlcitFþ øab;Bal;RtUv EdlevTna ectsik Føab;)anesay )andwgrsCatircY ehIyEdr . Fatucti þ nigsmösSrbs;GarmµN_ kalebIPb;RbsBVRbTHKña k¾ ekIt)anCapsSarmµN_ . psSarmµN_enH cat;Tku CapsSahar\trUb Et KWCabc©y½ [evTnaectsikekIteLIg esaypsSaharmanrUb eTIbdwg rsCatiéRblVgI )an . FmµCaticti þ rEmgRbRBwtþeTAEbbenHCaerOy² eTIbnaM[ekItesckþI caM)an sMKal;)anfa GarmµN_enH kalEdlFøab;mk[citeþ tag rEmg mkCaesckþsI xu rbs;cti þGatµaGj GarmµN_enaHkalEdlFøab;mk[ citeþ tag rEmgmkCaesckþTI ku çrbs;cti éþ nGatµaGj. esckþIcaM)an sMKal;)an cMeBaHvtßúGarmµN_ Edl)an nigkMBugR)akd enARtg;TaV rehAfa sBaØaectsik. evTnaectsikesaypsSahar 153

dwgrsCatiéRblVgI ÉsBaØaectsiksMKal;)anfa vtßúGarmµN_enHéRb lVgI CaedIm . CIvti rbs;bKu Álrs;enARbcaMéf¶ KWGaRs½yedaysarEtevTnaectsik enH nigsBaØaectsik Edl)antak;Etgcitþ [manesckþRI bkan;maMceM BaH GarmµN_ekItmaneLIg . kalebImankarbgðat;bgðaj EtGarmµN_Ca )ab mk[citeþ tagCaerOy² citRþ bkan;maMkñgú )abFm’enaH k¾ekItman eLIg . ebIsni Cakñgú mYyéf¶² Cvncitþ nigevTnaectsi evTnaectsik esayEtpsSahar CabuNü CakuslFm’d¾l¥s¥at citþRbkan; maMcMeBaHesaPNFm’enaH bkan;maM k¾Kg;gekI ;ekItmaneLIgBuEM dlxan esckþsI xu s¶brEmgekI ;rEmgekItmankñgú snþan. n. viFEI sVgyl;GBM cI ti rþ bs;buKlÁ mñak;² nigrebobGb;rMcti rþ bs;bKu Ál KWRtUvBinti üRsavRCavGMBkI arvivtþEbbenHrbs;cti þ taMgBIxagedImrhUt mk RBmTaMgTidPæ aBsgÁm EdlbuKlÁ enaHrs;enA . karesayrsrbs;GarmµN_CaerOy² rbs;evTnaectsikk¾Cakar snSMsnþan)anCaerOy²rbs;cti þ ectsikTaMgLayEdr ÉesckþcI aM)an esckþsI KM al;)an KWsBaØaectsik k¾ekItrlt;CaerOy² eTACamYynwg evTnaectsikEdr . ehtuya:gdUecñHehIy eTIbevTnaectsikcat;Tku CakgevTna kgevTna ehAfaevTnaxn§ evTnaxn§ eRBaHrUbenH CaTIRbCuM TIekItkgevTnaTaMgLay RtYt KrelIKañ KµanTIbpM tu ebImanvtßGú armµN_NafµI)anesay k¾nkw Kitfaman esckþIqa¶ j;fµI EtebIesayrsfµIenHyUr²eTAdEdl² k¾ERbkøayeTACaesckþI q¶aj;dEdl² dUcEtvtßGú armµN_ EdlFøab;)anesaymun² dEdl Ca dEdlenaHEdr . tNða ])aTankçn§ skáayTidkæi r¾ EmgekItman eRBaH GaRs½yehtubc©y½ ya:genH . 154

ÉsBaØaectsik k¾cat;Tku CakgsBaØa ehAfa sBaØaxn§ eRBaHrUb enHk¾CaTIRbCuM TIekItkgsBaØaTaMgLay Edl)andk;Cab; enAkñgú Fatu citnþ vU erOgra:vdEdl²enaH KWBEuM mnsuTE§ tCasIl smaFi bBaØa edIm,I esckþsI xu esckþcI eM rInrbs;sgÁmenaHeLIy . ectsik50dYgenAsl; kalebIekItrlt;CamYycitN þ a rEmg rcnatak;Etgciteþ naH [ERbkøayeTACakusl Gkusl tamsPaBrbs; xønÜ eTIbectsik50dYg cat;Tku Casgç sgçarkçn§ . 4> ectnaectsik ³ kalebIevTnaectsikesaydwgrsq¶aj; Ep¥m QWpSaCaedIm sBaØaectsikk¾caM)an sMKal;)annUvFmµCati q¶aj; Ep¥m QWpSaenaHteTA eTIbCabc½©y[citnþ kw PñkeLIg [pþcÜ eLIg [citþ taMgeLIg [citxþ lV ;xaV yeLIgcMeBaHGarmµN_ EdlevTnaectsikFøab; )anesay sBaØaectsiksMKal;)anfa q¶aj; Ep¥m QWpSaCaedImehIyenaH. ebIectnaectsiknwkPñkrkq¶aj;ceM BaHGkuslFm’NamYy ectnaectsik k¾taMgrcnacitþ dwknaMcti þ [nwkq¶aj;ngw GkuslFm’enaH²dUcxønÜ Edr. eTIbcat; catTu;Tku ect ectnaectsikenH Caehtuénkmµb,c©y½ eRBaHectnaectsik enHCaFmµCatip©gú epþIm [kmµTaMgLayekIteLIg eTaHCakuslkmµkþI GkuslkmµkþI GaRs½yEtectnaectsikdwknaMTaMgGs; . kalebI kmµ)anRbRBwteþ LIgehIy rEmg[ rEmg[ekItpl )anCavtßkú am1 am1 nigCavi)akcit1þ . vtßkú amkalebIekIteLIgehIy k¾rEmgekIt)anCaGarmµN_ [citeþ ctsik etag ykbnþ esayrsenARtg;CvnvifI ekIt)anCavi)akcitþ kalebI tTalm<Ncitdþ gY enHrlt;cHu . kmµekIteLIgBIectnaectsiky:agenH¬kmµvdþ¦ plKWCavtßkú am1 plKWCavi)akcit1þ ¬vi)akvdþ¦ EdlecHEtRbRBwteþ TAenAkñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ CaerOy² dUc)ansMEdgxagelI CaehtunaM[ekItkamavcrcitRþ bkan; 155

maMkúñgGkuslkmµ b¤kñgú kuslkmµNamYyKµanTIbpM tu BuEM dlelaHxan eLIy . ectnaectsik rcnacitpþ g jaugúM kmµ[ekIteLIgpg y:agdEdl² \tQb;Qr eTIbcat;Tku Cabc©y½ énkgsgçar eRBaHCaGñktak;Etg cit²þ tak;Etgkmµ ehIyplrbs;kmµCavtßkú am k¾mkCaGarmµN_rbs; citþ Évi)akcitkþ n¾ gw eLIgkan;Cvncit²þ k¾tak;Etgcitþ CIvti [RbRBwtþ eTAKµanTIbpM tu eTIb)aneQµaHfa Casgçarkç rkn§çne§ naH . 5> ÉkKÁtaectsik ³ kalebIectnaectsikekIteLIgy:agmaM Cabc©y½ [ÉkKÁtaectsikekIteLIg KWsPav³pÁgcit[þ taMgmaMceM BaHGarmµN_ EtmYy . ebIcti eþ naHtaMgmaMkñgú GarmµN_myY )anyUr mindac;xN³tam R)afña citeþ naHk¾cat;Tku CasmaFicti þ ehAfaÉkKÁtaectsik kñgú fñak; Can;énQancitN þ amYy . b:Eu nþÉkKÁtaectsikenH kalebIekItrYmnwg Gkuslcitþ BuGM acmankmøagM maMmnY taMgenA)anl¥kñúgGarmµN_myY dUc ÉkKÁtaectsik EdlekItrYmnwgkuslciteþ LIy . kalebIksu lÉkKÁtaectsiktaMgmaM)anl¥ kñgú GarmµN_CabuNü )ankñgú xN³Na xN³enaHeTIbehAfa smµasmaFi smaF . 6> CIvti Ri nÞyi ectsik CIvti iRnÞiyectsikekIteLIg GaRs½yRtg; dwgfaCIvti KWkarrs;enA Edlcitkþ an;ykCaGarmµN_ . CIvti b¤ehAfaGCIv®i nÞyi enH CanamFm’ ÉCIvti rUbeTIbCarUbFm’ EdlCaKMnrrbs;brmaNUFatu b¤ehAfarUbklab³enaH . rUbklab³pþKúM añ )anCaekasikamYy ebIeBaltamviTüasaRsþCvI viTüasm½y . ekasika nImyY ² EdlCaKMnrrbs;rUbkçn§ rEmgvileTA\tQb;QrRbkbeTAeday clnay:agrehal² enACuvM ji mUlrUbrbs;xnøÜ enAkñgú kgrUbTaMgmUleRbob 156

)ancegáogmYykMBgu EteqH GaRs½ymaneRbg manRbeqH manFatu Gakas maneKGuC[eqH . ÉCIvti KWCakarrs;enAenH k¾GaRs½yman shCatFm’eRcInRbkar ekIteLIgRBmKña taMgenARBmKña ebIngw rlt;cHu k¾rlt;cHu RBmKña RKan;EtCIvti emIlmineXIj eXIjEtrUbFatuCaekasika vilenACuvM ji Rtg;mUlrUbnImyY ²rbs;xnøÜ . kalebIekasikanImyY ²manclnaRbRBwteþ TA CIvitrUbnImyY ² Edltak;EtgGMBGI vinei BaÖKrUb8 minTan;EbkFøay k¾sKM al;)anfa rUb Fm’ rbs;bKu Ál KWRbkbedaynUvCIvti kMBgu rs;enA . ÉGakar³rbs;rbU Fm’ EdlkMBgu ekIteLIg ehIytaMgenAminTan;rlt;cHu nigxN³rlt;cHu rbs;rbU Fm’ EdlCaxN³minTan;ekIteLIgbnþ ehAfa mYyGayurbs;rbU Fm’ mYyGayurbs;rbU Fm’enH Edl)anekIteLIg ehIytaMgenAKwmanry³ eBlesµnI gw 17xNcitþ EdlekItrlt;17dg eTIbmYyGayurbs; rUbFm’rlt;cHu mþg . esckþGI Fib,ayGMBcI ti bþ rmtß )ansMEdgfa plénRbtikmµ b¤ clnavilrbs;CvI ti rUb ekIt)anCacMhay eRbobdUcEpSghuyecjeTA ehAfa PvgÁ kalebImanxül; KWGarmµN_e)akbk;RtUv PvgÁke¾ kIt)an Ca citþ citeþ nH)aneQµaHfa CIeva rIÉCIevaenH k¾ekIt)anCaCIvti eTIbCIvti enH nigPvgÁmann½yEtmYy KWcti eþ nHÉg . citnþ a»kasenH KWseM dAykciteþ tagCIvti CarUbFm’ rbs;bKu Ál xønÜ CaGarmµN_pg sMedAykCIvti CanamFm’ CaFmµarmµN_ EdlkMBgu ekIt rlt; enARtg;menaTVarCaGarmµN_pg eTIbCIvti i®nÞyi ectsik EdlkMBgu ekItrlt; dwgfaCIvti rbs;bKu ÁlxønÜ kMBgu Etrs;enA . ehIyCIvti i®niyÞ 157

ectsik k¾taMgtRmg;namFm’TaMgLay EdlkMBgu ekIteLIgehIyenaH [taMgenA [ekItrlt;²tamlMdab;CrY xN³ munnwgrlt;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁ mkekItrlt;enAdUcRbRktIedIm . ebIBuMmanectsikenHekIteLIgeT sUm,IEtcitþ ectsikekIteLIgehIy ebIBuMmanFmµCatiCvI ti i®nÞyi ectsik rkSaTuk ]btßmKÖ aMRTcitþ ectsikTaMgenaH[taMgenA k¾rEmgtaMgmin)an Edr . eTIbCIvti ®i nÞyi ectsikenH cat;Tku Ca\®nÞyi b,c©y½ eRBaHCa bc©y½ cm,g kñgú karrkSaTuknamFm’nmI yY ² EdlekItrlt;rmY CamYy [taMgenA ehIy[tRmg;eTArkGarmµN_CabuNü Ca)abNamYy kalebIevTnaectsik sBaØaectsik ectnaectsik nigÉkKÁtaect sik )anekItrlt;CaerOy² etagCab;GarmµN_NamYyenaH)anehIy. 7> mnsikarectsik ectsikTaMg6xagelI kalebIekItrlt; bnþbnÞab;Kñaerogmk )anCabc©y½ [mnsikarectsikekIteLIg . CIvti ®i niyÞ ectsik Caectsikcm,gkñgú karrkSaTuknamFm’ KWcti þ CIvti rbs;xnøÜ [taMgenARtg;eq<aHeTArkGarmµN_CarUb sMeLg køni rs smösS FmµarmµN_ ÉmnsikarectsikkMNt;sMercTTYlykGarmµN_ enaHmkTukkñgú citþ citkþ e¾ kItrlt;CamYyGarmµN_enaH kñgú mYyéf¶² min EdlePøcKiteLIy . ebIectsikTaMg6tRmg;cti þ [sÞHú eTAkñgú Fm’ NamYy mnsikarectsik k¾eFVIFm’enaH Tukkñgú citþrbs;buKÁlEdr . eXIjfasBVcti sþ aFarNectsik7dYg mankarekItrlt;eRbob dUcExSTwkhUr dUceTAnwgvifcI ti Tþ aMg7 EdlRtUvekItrlt;tamCYrxN³ y:agNamij . GVEI dlRtUvRbugrvaMg KWenARtg;mni [citeþ sayq¶aj;Faø b; nwgGkuslFm’ eRBaHExSsgVak;xNcitþ ectsikrEmgekItrlt;² Ebb enH Kwectsik7dYg kalebIekItrlt;rmY nwgcitþNa k¾eTACaman 158

lkçN³dUc b¤esµnI gw citRþ bePTenaH²Edr . kalsm,yutCþ amYyY kama vcrcitþ rU)avcrcitþ GrU)avcrcitþ elakutþrcitþ k¾naM[ekItrlt;esµI b¤dcU nwgcitdþ gY TaMgenH eTIb)aneQµaHfa CaGBaØsmanaectsikBYk1 ectsikTaMg7dYgenHekItrlt;)anTUeTA CamYynwgcitRþ Kb;dgY eTIb)an eQµaHfa sBVcti sþ aFarNectsik BYk1. bkiNk Ñ ectsik6dYg )aneQµaHfa bkiNkÑ ectsikeRBaH ectsik6dYgenH ekItrlt;rYmmin)anCaTUeTA CamYynwgcitRþ Kb;dgY eLIy rYmmanKW ³ 1> vitkáectsik kalebIcti eþ kIteLIg psSectsikk¾ekIteLIg dwgpsSahardUcKña Cvnciteþ kIteLIg evTnaectsikk¾ekIteLIg esaypsSaharmanrUb b¤\trUb Casux CaTukç b¤Ca]ebkça . kalebIsBaØaectsiksMKal;)anc,as; nUvpsSaharenaHehIy evTnaectsik cab;esay k¾dgw rs)anPøamfa GarmµN_enHéRb s exµA CaedIm ebIsBaØaectsikekIteLIg EtcaMGarmµN_ min)anc,as;las; Éectnaectsik CIvti ®i nÞyi ectsik mnsikarectsik enAEtekItrlt; bnþ eTIbCabc©y½ jaMgu [vitkáectsikekItrlt;eLIg p©g;tRmg;cti [þ cab;etagGarmµN_enaHCab; citeþ LIgkan;vfi mI ni dac;CrY xN³ ekIt)anCa esckþcI ab;cti þ citcþ ab;GarmµN_ . esckþcI ab;cti þ KWCadMeNIrrbs;cti þeLIgkan;vfi I ÉesckþcI ab; GarmµN+_ KWdeM NIrciteþ LIgkan;GarmµN_)an . citRþ bkbedayvitkáect sikenHeLIgkan;vfi RI Kb;CYrxN³ k¾BduM cU esckþeI Bjciteþ LIy eRBaH Cvncitþ evTnaectsik kMBgu esayrsrbs;GarmµN_kB¾ ti Emn EtBuTM an; )andwgrsCatiBti R)akdrbs;GarmµN_enaHeLIy . dUecñHvitkáectsik enH KWCaxN³Edlciteþ LIgkan;vfi bI eNþIr cab;etagGarmµN_beNþIr 159

edayrMBgw KitenARtg;menaTVar edIm,IPa¢ b;cti nþ gw GarmµN_ eRbobdUceQI BIrkMNat;tP¢ab;Kñay:agNamij . 2> vicarectsikkalebIvti káectsikeLIgkan;vfi I tP¢ab;ngw GarmµN_ )any:agl¥ enaHk¾eRBaHEtcitRþ )afñacg;dgw c,as;GBM GI armµN_enHEdr. enA kñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ manvtßúkamxøH b¤erOgr:avxøHk¾GacgaycaM)an gay sMKal;)an Etk¾manbBaðaxøH elc)atuPaBekIteLIgy:agsµRú Ksµaj Rbkbedayehtupl EdllM)aknwgRtYtBinti üsegát . Ékiryi ae)as GEg¥l b¤kR¾ tYtBinti üGarmµN_ edIm,IrBM gw rkTMngénkarRbRBwteþ TArbs; GarmµN_ rk[eXIjGMBeI htuplEdleFV[I vtßkú amman)atuPtU epSg² ekIteLIg citEþ dlmanlkçN³ekItrlt;eLIgEbbenHehAfa vicarect sik . CYnkalvicarectsikkMBgu Rtac;tamGarmµN_ rkminTan;eXIj ehtupl esckþTI nM grbs;GarmµN_enaHfa Cas exµA BitR)akdpg GaRs½yedaymanGesaPNectsik ekItERCkrYmCamYy)an dUcCa manHectsik Tideiæ ctsikCaedIm k¾jaMgu vcIkmµ [Eføgvacaecjmk CYnkalrhUtdl;eTAkarRbRBwteþ daykaykmµ y:agxusTMngk¾man . enHehAfacitsþ eM rcvinci yä½ GMBGI armµN_ minRbkbeday])ayénR)aCJa eTIbcat;Tku CaesckþIseM rcxVHvicarNBaØaN sMedAykxVHjaN KWbBaØa ectsikenaH . 3> GFiemakçectsik sBVcti sþ aFarNectsikTaMg7dYg kalebI bgðat;bgðajTMlab;)an citkþ F¾ aø b;etagykGarmµN_CabuNü b¤Ca)abNa mYy)anehIy vitkþectsik nigvicarectsikrEmgeLIgetagGarmµN_ nigRtac;sHÞú eTAtamGarmµN_enaHBuEM dlxan rhUtGacQandl;cgcitþ [Cab;s‘b;ngw GarmµN_y:ag\tgaker k¾eRBaHEtcit)þ anepþatCab;sb‘ ;ngw GarmµN_enaHrYcehIy ebIngw manbuKlÁ NamkbEgVrcitþ EdlkMBgu epþat 160

Cab;sb‘ ;enH k¾bEgVrmin)anedaygayRsYl . citEþ dl)anekItrlt; kñgú lkçN³EbbenH ehAfa GFiemakçectsik . ectnaectsikekItmanehIy kalebIGFiemakçectsikekIt eLIg epþatCab;s‘b;l¥ cMeBaH)abFm’ b¤bN u üNamYy k¾rEmgBüayam jaMgu GMeBICabuNü b¤Ca)ab [R)akdeLIg yUrb¤qab;BEuM dlGak;xan . kalebImanEtectnaectsik Évitkáectsik vicarectsik GFiemakç ectsik ekIteLIgBuTM an;)an vcIkmµ b¤kaykmµGacnwgGak;xan min)an RbRBwteþ LIgk¾sgw man . 4> viriyectsik kalebIcitþERbkøayeTACaGFiemakçectsik citxþ l¢i RcGUsFujRTan;ceM BaHGarmµN_ cMeBaHkargarTaMgLayk¾rlt; Gs;eTA citBþ üayamedIm,I)anGarmµN_enaH mkCarbs;pgxønÜ k¾ekIt maneLIg citrþ afyk¾rlt;Gs;eTA citeþ nHk¾rEmgjaMugvcIkmµ b¤kaykmµ [RbRBwteþ nAkñgú buNü b¤kgñú )abNamYyCaerOy² . citjþ aMgu esckþI Büayam [ekIteLIg y:agenHehAfaviryi ectsik . 5> bItei ctsik GFiemakçectsik vIryi ectsik eRbob)annwgcitþ EdlkMBgu eRskXøan cMeBaHGaharePaCnd¾qa¶ j;TaMgLay kalebI eXIjGaharCaTIR)afñamkdl; esamnsSectsikk¾ekIteLIgPøam . kalebI)anbriePaKGaharenaH Eq¥tsáb;slá ;eBjRkBHtamR)afña k¾dgw fakayenaHeBjedayGahar Écitrþ bs;bKu ÁlenaHk¾eLIgeBjeRbob eRBaH)at;Gs;eTAnUvciteþ RskXøan eRBaHciteþ naHEq¥tedayGaharePaCn GaRs½yEtkayEq¥tedayGaharePaCnEdr citRþ bePTenHehAfa bIti ectsik . 6> qnÞectsik evTnaectsik EdlecHEtesayGarmµN_Rbkb edayesamnsSevTnay:agsb,ayRBWRBYc rhUtTal;EtEq¥tsáb;sál; 161

mþg² eRBaHEtciteþ naHq¶aj;ngw vtßkú am . ebIcti þqa¶ j;mni Tan;rlt;cHu eBl Na sUm,IkayEq¥tehIykþI )anCabc©y½ naM[qnÞectsikekIteLIgR)afña maMceM BaHGarmµN_enaHbnþeTAeTot ebIqnÞectsikekItrlt;CamYykusl b¤Gkuslcitþ qnÞectsikenHk¾eTACakusl b¤GkuslEdr. 3

Gkuslectsik14dYg GkuslectsikCaectsikminl¥s¥at mankmøagM exSaykalebI ekItrlt;CamYynwgcitN þ a citeþ naHk¾kaø yCaGkusl . eTIbGkusl cit1þ 2dYg ekItrlt;)anEtCamYyGkuslectsik14dYgenH Ékusl vi)ak8 Gkuslvi)ak7 nigkiryi acitþ3 ekItCamYyBuM)an eRBaHCa GBüaktFm’ CaGehtukcitþ ekItrlt;mni Tan;Rbkbedayehtu . kñgú Gkuslcit1þ 2dYg KWGkuslcitnþ mI yY ²RtUvmanGkusl ectsik4dYg ekItrYmCamYyCanic© KWemahectsik1 Ghirki ectsik1 Genatþb,ectsik1 ]T§c©ectsik1 . ÉGkuslectsik10dYgeTot ekItrYmnwgGkuslcitN þ amYy rEmg[CakmøagM dl;Gkuslciteþ naH . 1> emahectsik KWesckþvI egVgPan;RcLM mindwglkçN³sPav³ rbs;GarmµN_tamesckþBI it dUcCaPan;RcLMfa Griysc©TaMg4manTukç sc©CaedIm faCaFm’mni Bit faCaFm’\tRbeyaCn_ Pan;RcLMfabuKlÁ Edlmanemtáaþ kruNa mansIlbrisTu § CYyeRsacRsg;mnusSkñgú sgÁm [rYcputBIesckþTI ku eç sak[rYcBIesckþRI kIRketaky:ak faCabuKlÁ min 162

)ankar ehIycat;Tku buKÁlEdlecHekgRbv½Ba© ecHe)akR)as; ecHPUt kuhk KitEtRbeyaCn_paÞ l;xønÜ faCabuKlÁ RbesIreTAvijCaedIm . enHKW Caemahectsik EdlekItrlt;CamYynwg Gkuslcitþ 12dYg . 2> Ghirki ectsik³ kalebIemahectsikekIteLIg Pan;RcLM GarmµN_sfaCaGarmµN_exµA GarmµN_mni CaTIekItRbeyaCn_faCarbs; manRbeyaCn_Bti eFV[I citCþ ab;CBM ak;kgñú GarmµN_enaHekItman rhUtEføg eBalsresIr b¤RbRBwtkþ argarxusTMngenaH y:agsb,ayrIkray eday BueM XIjbuKlÁ enaH manesckþeI Gonxµaskñgú GMeBI)abrbs;xønÜ eLIy . esckþI minxµas)abEbbenH GaRs½yedaymanGhirikectsik ekItrlt;rYm CamYynigw citCþ ab;CBM ak;enaHedayBit . 3>Genatþb,ectsik kalebIGhirikectsikekItCamYynwg Gkuslcitkþ ¾)anCakmøagM [h‘anRbRBwtGþ eM BI)aby:agkøahan \tERkg rEGgGVTI aMgGs; cat;Tku CaGenatþb,ectsik ekItrlt;rYmCamYy . 4> ]T§c©ectsik buKÁlEdlRbkbedayemahectsikGhirki ectsikGenatþb,ectsik kalebIjaMugcitþenaH[gakmketagvtßú GarmµN_CabuNüKwetagcab;BuM)an ebInwgsþab;karTUnµaneRbonRbedAGVI CasuxGVCI aTukBç ti k¾saþ b;B)uM anebItRmUv[eFVkI argarCaRbeyaCn_ k¾eFVI BuM)aneRBaH»kasenH citeþ kItrlt;Ebbraymay etagcab;GarmµN_ enHbnþci etagcab;GarmµN_enaHbnþci . esckþrI aymaycMeBaHGarmµN_ EbbenH ehAfaciteþ kItrlt;Rbkbeday]T§c©ectsikenH . ectsikTaMg4dYgenHrEmgekItrlt;rYmCamYynwgGkuslcitþ 12dYg eTIbGkuslectsik4dYg cat;Tku CaGkuslsaFarNectsik . 5> elaPectsik elaPectsikenHCaectsikEdlCab;CBM ak; kñgú GarmµN_ manEtesckþRI )afñaRtUvkarEtGarmµN_ Edlcitkþ BM gu etag 163

cab;ekItrlt;y:ageBjCYrxN³ kalebIGarmµN_mk[citeþ tagcab; CaGti mhnþarmµN_ . elaPectsikenHekItrlt;CamYynwgelaPmUlcit8þ dYg . 6> Tideæi ctsik emahectsik elaPectsik kalebIekIteLIg ehIy rEmgekIteLIgCaerOy² cMeBaHGarmµN_Edlcit)þ aneXIj B¤ FMku øni Pøk; rsCati sÞabGEg¥lCaerOy² citkþ y¾ l;c,as;GBM GI armµN_ Etyl;tamEbbCa elaP³ CaeTas³ nigCaemah³tamEtesckþRI bkan; esckþyI l;eXIjrbs;bKu Ál . RBHsmµasm<Tú §RTg;cat;Tku karyl; EbbenHGaRs½yTideæi ctsikekItrlt;CamYy . kalebIyl;GBM sI Pav³ rbs;GarmµN_xsu kúgñ RbkarEbbNa k¾taMgRbkan;maMkgñú vtþRbtibtþxi su EbbenH ÉehtuBti k¾B)uM anRbwgERbgRsavRCavrkplEdlekItGMBeI htu bc©½yBit k¾mindwg ehIyk¾taMgxVl;xVayeFVIkic©karxusTMngenaH eday yl;faenHCamgÁl EtCamgÁlPJak;ep¥Il \tRbeyaCn_esaHTeT . elaPmUlcit4þ dYg EdlekItrlt;edayTidKæi tsm,yutþ KWRbkb edayTideæi ctsikenH . 7> manHectsik esckþIrbwgrwgrUs Rbkan;GsµimanH minRBm sþab;minTTYlykesckþIeRbonRbedAl¥rbs;bNÐit esckþIRbkan;Cati kMeNItBUCRtkUlxønÜ famanEtGj EdlRbesIrCageK ecHCageK Gñk déTminesµnI gw xønÜ minRBmdak;cti þ edIm,Iski SaeronsURtBIGkñ déTxøacfa xønÜ Gn;CageKKWGaRs½ymanHectsik ekItrlt;CamYynwgcitþ . Tidæi ectsik1 manHectsik1 TaMgBIrenHekIteLIg )anCaGkuslcitRþ bkb edayTidKæi tsm,yutTþ aMgbYnedayBit . 8> eTasectsik citkþ alebICbY RbTHnwgGarmµN_mni CaTIR)afña citeþ naHk¾EbreTACaeRKatRKat ekþAkþlÜ mYrem:A ehIyk¾taMgRbTUsray cMeBaHGarmµN_mni CaTIR)afñaenaH . citEþ dlERbkøayCakacsahavEbb enHehAfa eTasectsik ekItrlt;rYmCamYynwgeTasmUlcitTþ aMg2dYg. 164

9> \sSaectsik \sSaectsik kalebIekItrYmnwgcitþNak¾ rEmgjaMgu [citeþ naH ERbkøayeTACaEbbRcENnnwgRTBüsm,tþi ys sm,tþi criyasm,tþi KuNsm,tþi sñaédrbs;Gkñ déThak;mni cg;[eK RbesIrdUc b¤elIsxønÜ . \sSaectsikenHk¾ekItrlt;rYmCamYyeTasmUl citTþ aMg2dYgEdr . 10> mcäryi ectsik mcäryi ectsik KWesckþkI N M aj;ceM BaHvtßú kamdUcCakMNaj;TIGavasCatiRtkUl jatimitþsMLaj;rbs;xøÜnmincg; [GñkdéTcUlCitb:HBal; eRBaHxøacxat b¤)at;laPrbs;xnøÜ kMNaj; nUvKuNviess Fm’viess )anecH)andwgehIylak;elom eRBaHmincg; [GñkdéTecHdUcxønÜ . mcäryi ectsikenH kalebIekIteLIg KWRtUvekItrYmCamYynwg eTamnsSevTnaectsikRKb;eBl . ÉeTasmUlcit2þ dYg var³xøHk¾man mcäriyectsikekItrYm var³xøH k¾minmanmcäriyectsikekItrYmCamYy Edr . 11> kukáúc©ectsik kukáúc©ectsikenH kalebIcitþetagCab; GarmµN_NamYyehIyk¾BitEmn EtBu)M anjaugM kayvaca[RbRBwtþ cMeBaH GarmµN_enaHeLIy eRkaymkeTIb)andwgfa RbsinebI)anRbRBwteþ day kaykmµ b¤vcIkmµ GarmµN_enaHnwg[plCabuNükusly:agBit . kalebI)andwgy:agenH citkþ ¾ekþAeralralsþayeRkayy:agxøagM CYn kaledayminsÁal;faGarmµN µ _NamYyCabuBaØkiryi avtßú b¤kC¾ aGbuBaØkiryi a vtßeú BlRbRBwtkþ ¾b:HcMeTAelIGarmµN_CaGbuBaØkiryi avtßú b¤myY )andwgxøH ehIyEdr Etmin)andwgfakalebI)anRbRBwtþ nwg)anTTYlplGaRkk; EbbenH buKlÁ k¾ekItesckþsI aþ yeRkayy:agxøaMg . esckþeI kþA RkhaysþayeRkayEbbenH ehAfakukcáú ©ectsik ekItrYmCamYyeTas mUlcitþ2dYg . 165

12> fInectsik buKlÁ ebIsni CaBu)M anTmøab;eFVIkargarCaRbeyaCn_ GVmI YyeTkñgú mYyéf¶² kalebImantRmUv[eFVkI argarminCaTIR)afña citeþ naHk¾ ERbeTACax¢li RcGUs FujRTan;ceM BaHGarmµN_ CaehtunaM[F¶n;cti þ F¶n;kay ebInwgsÞúHeRkakeTAeFVIkar k¾mincg;eRkak eRkakrYcehIy citþenaH k¾enArYjraGl;EGk mincg;eFVkI arEfmeTot ectsikRbePTenH ehAfa fInectsik ekItrYmCamYynwgcitþ k¾eFV[I citþGs;kmøagM mincg;xlV ; xVaynwgkargarCaRbeyaCn_ ekItrlt;CamYynwgelaPmUlcitþCa]ebkça TaMg4dYg nigCamYyeTasmUlcitbþ diXsb,yutþssgçarik1dYg . 13> miTe§ ctsik buKÁlebImanTmøab;kgñú kargar min)aneTogTat; l¥ citeþ tagesayGarmµµN_ k¾tamEtkarRbRBwteþ daykaykmµenaHEdr . mankrNIxHø mankargarCaRbeyaCn_ tRmUv[buKÁleFVI Etedaysarcitþ enaH minPøfW aø minc,as;ceM BaHGarmµN_ citkþ e¾ LIgkan;vfi mI ni )aneBjCYr xN³ min)antamlMdab;CYr ehIyEbrCarkklcuHkan;ExSPvgÁ . krNIEbb enH ekItmancMeBaHCnxøHEdlGanesovePA edayedkGaneBlenaHcitþ minetagGarmµN_l¥ esckþeI gakguycg;[lk; k¾ekIteLIg. esckþeI gak guyenH ehAfamiTe§ ctsik ekItrYmCamYynwgfInectsikCanic© . 14> vicikicäaectsik KWCaesckþIsgS½ycMeBaHGarmµN_mankar sgS½ycMeBaHnamFm’ rUbFm’ GMBGI riysc©Fm’ GMBKI N u RBHrtnRt½y CaedIm . vicikicäaectsikenH ekItrYmCamYynwgemahmUlcitþ)anCa ]ebkçashKtvicki ci aä sm,yuteþ naH É]T§ce© ctsikk¾ekItrYmCamYyemah mUlcitþ eTIb)anemahmUlcitþmanBIrdYgenaH . kalebIvci ki ci aä ectsik ekIteLIg Cabc©y½ naM[]T§ce© ctsikekIteLIg )aneQµaHfaemahmUlcitþ ekItedayBit² . Gkuslectsik14dYgenH CaGkuslFm’EdlRtUvlH GkuslectsikenH ekItrYmCamYynwgGkuslcit1þ 2dYg . ÉGehtuk vi)akcit1þ 5dYg nigGehtukkiryi a3dYg KWGkuslectsik14dYgenHekIt

166

rYmBu)M aneLIy eRBaHenACaGehtukciteþ nAeLIy Kwcti mþ ni Tan;esay rsrbs;GarmµN_ Gkuslehtukm¾ ni Tan;ekIteLIgrYmCamYyY )anEdr . 3 esaPNectsik25dYg esaPNectsik KWCaectsikEdll¥sa¥ t ekItrYmCamYynwg citN þ a citeþ naHERbeTACal¥sa¥ t )anCaesaPNcit.þ esaPNectsik enHekItrYmCamYykuslcitkþ )¾ an CamYynwgsehtukkuslvi)ak kuslkiryi a k¾)an xusBIGkuslectsik14dYg . dUecñHkamavcrkuslcitþ rU)avcr kuslcitþ GrU)avcrkuslcitþ elakutþrmKÁcti þ kamavcrsehtukvi)ak rU)avcrvii)ak GrU)avcrvi)ak elakutrþ vi)ak kamavcrsehtukkiryi a rU)avcrkiryi a GrU)avcrkiriyaRtUvmanesaPNectsikekItrYmTaMgGs; . esaPNsaFarNectsik19dYg 0

esaPNsaFarNectsik19dYgenH ekItCamYynwgesaPNcitþ 59dYgKW ³ kamavcresaPNcit2þ 4 rU)avcresaPNcit1þ 5 GrU)avcr esaPNcit1þ 2 nigelakutrþ citþ 8 . 1> sT§aectsik esckþIGFib,ayGMBeI saPNcitþ24dYg)ansMEdg fa kalebImanbBaØaeXIjc,as;GBM eI Tasrbs;Gkuslcitþ ehIyemIl eXIjGMBRI beyaCn_Bti rbs;ksu lkmµbf nigbuBaØkri yi avtßú EdlsuTE§ t Cakargarl¥¥CaGMeBId¾RbesIrCabuNü buKÁlrEmgjaMugRbeyaCn_xøÜn nigRbeyaCn_sgÁm[ekItRBmeLIg citþrbs;buKÁlenaHrEmgRCHføa brisTu k§ ñgú GMeBICabuNüenaH eRbobdUcsac;CrU eFVTI wkl¥k;[rgføas¥atl¥ ya:gdUecñHEdr . 167

GkuslFm’KCW asPav³esAhµgrbs;cti þ eRbobdUcTwkl¥k;eday sarPk;RCaM kalebIGkuslFm’rlay)at;Gs; sT§aectsikEdlCa citRþ CHføakñgú kuslFm’ k¾ekItmaneLIg . kalebIsT§aectsikekIteLIgehIy citeþ naHk¾eCOs‘b; cMeBaHvtßú EdlKYr[eCO eRBaH)aneXIjehtuplBitedaybBaØarbs;xøÜnpÞal;BuM EmneCO edayRKan;EtB¤eKniyay eBalTukt²KñaBIburaNeRBgnay enaHeLIy . kalebImanCMenO ehIyxVHkarBicarNarkehtuplBitRBHGriy elakmincat;Tku faCasT§aectsikenaHeLIy. eTIbesaPNcit5þ 9dYg ebIBuMmansT§aectsikekItCamYy k¾esaPNcitTþ aMgenaHekIteLIgBu)M an kalebImansT§aectsikekItehIy rEmgjaMgu kayvaca [RbRBwtcþ eM BaH kuslkmµenaH²BuEM dlxan . 2> stiectsik stiectsikenH kalebIekItmankñúgsnþanrbs; buKlÁ evlaNa Etgdas;etOncit[þ nwkrlwknUvFm’ EdlbBaØaectsik )an yl;c,as;fa Fm’cEM NkenHCakuslFm’ cMENkenaHCaGkuslRbkb edayeTas . kalebImanesckþnI kw eXIjy:agdUecñH KWstiectsikenH Edl)andas;etOnfa KYrrab;GanFm’ EdlGñkR)aCJrab;Gan RtUvlHnUvFm’ EdlGñkR)aCJmni rab;Gan . esckþrI lwk)an KWstiectsikenHekIt)an CaesckþRI bugRby½tñ min[ePøcPøagM sµartIeFøayKMnti jaugM cit[þ PJak; rlwknwkeXIjCanic© cMeBaHkic©karCaRbeyaCn_N _ amYyY Edl)annwg kMBgu RbRBwteþ nAkñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ . 3> hirei ctsik kalebIkuslcitþekIteLIgbribUrN_ehIyxN³enaH esckþeI Gonxµass¥b;ex<mI GMeBI)ab k¾ekItmaneLIg . ÉhiriectsikenH eRbob)annwgbuKÁl ex<Imrbs;esµakeRKak minRBmcab;kan;y:agNamij. 168

4> ]tþb,ectsik kalebIsT§aectsikekIteLIg emIleXIjGMeBI l¥enHy:agføaRsLHfa manRbeyaCn_[sgÁm[xønÜ FMeFgBitNas;[ esckþsI xu BitNas; hirei ctsikk¾ekItmaneLIg xN³enaHesckþPI y½ tk;støú cMeBaHGMeBI)ab KW]tþb,ectsikenHk¾ekItmaneLIg eRBaHbuKlÁ dwgc,as;fa kalebIpgu lg;xnøÜ eTAkñgú Gkuslkmµdl¾ amkenaHevlaNa nwgCYbRbTHnUvesckþTI ku çl)M ak \tmanRsakRsanþ eTIbbuKÁlP½ytk; søtú eRbobdUc)aneXIj esckþsI aø b; mkdl;y:agNamij . 5> GelaPectsik ectsikEdlminjaMgu citþ [Cab;CBM ak;y:ag gubgulEtenAkñgú GarmµN_CakamKuNTaMg5 KWGelaPectsikenH dUecñH kuslcitRþ Kb;dgY ekIteLIg suTE§ tmanGelaPectsikenHCaehtuekIt rlt;CamYyCanic© . 6> GeTasectsik GeTasectsikenHKWCasPavFm’Gb;rcM ti þtaMg citmþ ni [mYrem:A fñagM fñak; RbTUstþ btcMeBaHGarmµN_ Edl)anmkehIy EtminCaTIeBjcitþ minCaTIR)afañrbs;xnøÜ . 7> tRtmCÄtþtaectsik Pav³énectsik EdlsMLgw rMBgw eXIj c,as;nvU GarmµN_EdlFøab;)anesBehIy minPan;RcLMkgúñ GarmµN_enaH ehIyjaugM cit[þ RbRBwteþ TAy:agesµI nigCakNþal²kñgú GarmµN_TaMg6 Edlmkb:HxÞb;Rtg;TVarTaMg6 . ebIngw etagykGarmµN_NamYy k¾mni RbkbedayGKti manGakar³minjab;j½rcMeBaHGarmµN_enaHCalkçN³ ebICaRBHGrhnþ )andl;tRtmCÄtþtaectsik Edlrlt;kei lsGs;Kaµ n sl;Cacitrþ cY RsLHminRbkan;maMceM BaHGarmµN_ . ebIkñgú RBhµvhi arFm’ citeþ kItrlt;RbkbedaytRtmCÄtþtaectsik b¤ehAfa]ebkçak¾)an KW ectsikRbRBwteþ TACakNþalcMeBaHstV nigbuKÁlTaMgLayminRbkb edayGKtimni manlMeGogF¶n;RsalxagNa . 169

8> kayb,sST§iectsik KWCaectsikEdleFV[I kays¶b;kay)an esckþsI xu RsYl KWkaymini ekþAkayminjab;jr½ kayminht;dgðk;Ca edImEdlekIteLIgedaysar\T§Bi lrbs;GarmµN_ minCaTIeBjcitþ b¤Ca TIR)afña CanamkayminkMerIkjab;j½rcMeBaHGarmµN_ . 9> citþb,sST§iectsik KWectsikEdleFVI[citþs¶b;s¶at;cMeBaH GarmµN_ . kayb,sST§i citbþ ,sST§iectsikekIteLIgxN³Na xN³ enaH ]T§c©ectsik KWesckþrI aymaycMeBaHGarmµN_ k¾rlt;Gs;eTAKµan sl; smaFicti rþ EmgekItmaneLIgcMeBaHsmfarmµN_myY enaH . 10> kaylhuta kaylhutaenHekIt )anCaectsikeFV[I kay sMEdgeLIgy:agRsaleTAkñgú kuslkmµ manPavnakmµCaedIm eFV[I ectsikekItCamYyk¾Rsal minF¶n;kay F¶n;cti dþ cU xagGkuslectsik eLIy . 11> citlþ huta citlþ hutaKWectsikekIteLIg jaugM min[citFþ n¶ ; s<kw RbRBwteþ TAy:agRsal minx¢li RcGUs minegakguy kalebIkay lhuta citþlhutaekIteLIgehIy fInmiTe§ ctsikk¾rlt;Gs;eTA . 12> kaymuTtu a citEþ dletagGarmµN_y:ags¶b; y:ags‘b;ceM BaH kuslkmµNamYy edayminmanesckþIraymay citþenaHk¾jaMugkay [RsaleLIg ÉkayEdlRbRBwtnþ vU buBaØkiryi a b¤kmµdaæ nk¾RbRBwteþ TA y:agfñwk edaysarEtkayenaHmansPaBTn;Pnø ;fñkw rh½s kñúgkarbt; Ebnpøas;bþÚr)anrh½selOnesµnI gw citEþ dr CakayKYrdl;Pavnakmµmni rwg kMRBiskñgú xN³kMBgu cMerInkmµdaæ n . kaymuTtu a enHehIyEdlCa ectsik eFV[I namkayTn;Pnø ; minrbwgrwgrUs kalebIekIteLIgkñgú snþanrbs;bKu lÁ rEmgjaMgu [Tidimæ anHrlt;Gs;eTA . 170

13> citþmTu tu a citþmTu tu aKWectsikjaMgu [citTþ n;Pnø ; minrwgkMRBWs cMeBaHkuslFm’ kalebIekIteLIgehIy eFV[I Tidæiectsik manHectsik ekIteLIgmin)an KWCaectsikbdibkSnwgKña . 14> kaykmµBaØta kaykmµBaØtaenH KWCaectsikjaMug[namkay EdlCakayRbkbedaycitCþ asmudaæ n RbkbeLIgy:agKYrkñgú kargarCa kuslmanPavnakmµCaedIm eday\tmansPaBTas;qÁgCalkçN³ . 15> citkþ mµBaØta kalebIkaykmµBaØta ekItrlt;eLIgRbRBwteþ TA eday\tTas;qgÁ kñgú kargarCaesaPNFm’kñgú smfkmµdaæ n citeþ naHk¾ ekItrlt;y:agKYrcMeBaHesaPNFm’enaH eday\tTas;qgÁ xN³NaxN³ enaH nIvrNFm’ EdlCaGesaPNFm’ eFV[I citþmni s¥atpUrpg;kr¾ lt; Gs;eTA . 16> kay)aKuBaØta kalebIkaykmµBaØta citkþ mµBaØtaekIteLIg y:agKYreTAkñúgesaPNFm’CaerOy² rEmgjaMug[ectsik KWkay )aKuBaØtaCanamkayd¾saÞ t;CnM ajcMeBaHesaPNFm’enaH² nwgekItman eLIg . 17> cit)þ aKuBaØta namkayEdlsÞat;CnM ajkñgú esaPNFm’kr¾ Emg jaMgu [cit)þ aKuBaØtasÞat;CMnajkñgú esaPNFm’enaHEdr eRBaHcitEþ dl ekItrlt;CamYynwgnamkay EdlsÞat;kgñú kmµdaæ n citeþ naHk¾rEmgsÞat; CMnajkñgú esaPNFm’dcU namkayEdr . kalebInamkay KWnamrUbkMBgu ekItrlt;CamYynwgcitRþ bRBwtþ eTAy:agsÞat;CnM ajkñgú Fm’ d¾lp¥ rU pg;brisuT§ GsT§aectsikk¾rlt;Gs; eTA CasmuecäT vsITaMgLayk¾Kg;ekIteLIg . 18> kayuCku ta kayuCku taenH KWCaectsikeFV[I namkay RbRBwteþ TARtg;esaPNFm’ d¾sa¥ tpUrpg;brisTu §enaH eday\tevocevr 171

ebInamkayTn;egak k¾kayuCku taectsikenH tRmg;kay[Rtg; cit)þ aj; eq<aHcMesaPNFm’db¾ risTu §enaHEdr . 19> citCþú ku ta kalebInamkayRbRBwteþ TA Rtg;ceM BaHesaPN Fm’dl¾ ¥sa¥ tehIy citrþ bs;bKu lÁ k¾tRmg;y:agRtg;ceM BaHesaPNFm’ enaHEdr eday\tmanesckþlI ak;elomTukkñgú namkay KWkgñú citþ kñgú kayenaHeLIy . kayuCku ta1 citCþú ku ta1 kalebIekItmankñgú snþanrbs;bKu Ál ]bkáei ls rYmmansaefyü KWesckþIGtY Gag mayaKWesckþIlak;elom e)akbeBaäat biT)aMgeTasrbs;xnøÜ CaedIm k¾rlt;Gs;eTA . virtiectsik3 virtiectsik3dYgenHekIteLIg k¾ngw jaugM cit[þ evorcaknUvTucr© ti Fm’TaMgBYg)anrYmman ³ 20> smµavacaectsik kalebIectsikenHekIteLIg k¾ngw TUnaµ n citmþ ni [beBa©jeBalnUvBaküTuc©rti 4 KWBaküPUtkuhk1 Bakücak; edats‘kesot 1 BaküeCrRbeTcpþasa1 BaküeLHeLaHerayray1 . 21> smµakmµneþ ctsik ectsikenHekIteLIgTUnaµ ncitmþ ni jaugM kay [RbRBwtnþ vU kayTucr© ti 3 KWsmøab;stVmanCIvti 1 lYcqk;ekgRbv½Ba© RTBüeK1 rMelaPlYclak; esBsnßv³CamYykUnRbBn§bþIeK1 rYmTaMg minesBemfunFmµ kalebIGkuslectsikenH rlt;CasmuecäT . 22> smµaGaCIvectsik ectsikenHekIteLIgrEmgGb;rTM nU aµ n citjþ aMgu kay[lHnUvkayTuc©rti naMcti mþ ni [eBalnUvvcITcu ©rti evorcak eFVCI nM jY 5RbkarCaRsLH kñgú karrksucI Bi a©wmCIvti . virtiectsikenH ekItrlt;CamYynwgelakutþrcitRþ Bm²Kña b:Eu nþ ekItrlt;CamYymhakuslcit8þ dYg Bu)M anRBm²KñaeLIy . 3

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Gb,mBaØaectsik2 Gb,mBaØaectsikCaectsik EdlpSayeTArkGarmµN_ KWstV buKÁlrkRbmaNmin)an rYmman ³ 23> kruNaectsik KWectsikEdlCaesckþGI aNitGasUrcMeBaH stVbKu lÁ TaMgLay EdlkMBgu rgesckþTI ku lç )M akxøagM ehIyciteþ nHman R)afñadwknaMstVbKu ÁlTaMgGs;enaH[rYcputcakTukCç alkçN³ . 24> muTti aectsik muTti aectsikekIteLIg jaugM citrþ bs;bKu Ál [eRtkGry:agTn;RtCak;ceM BaHesckþsI xu cMeBaHRTBü cMeBaHyss½kþi ekrþe× QµaHEdlbuKÁlTaMgLayenaHTTYl)anehIy edayBumM ancitbþ s£ üa RcENnQñanIsd¾tci tYceLIy ehIymankiryi aGnuemaTnaCalkçN³ . kruNaectsik muTti aectsik TaMgBIrdYgenHekItrlt;CamYymha kuslcit8þ dYgmhakiryi a8dYg nigrU)avcrkuslcit1þ 2dYg edayevor minekItrYmnwgrU)avcrkuslbBa©mCÄan1dYg rU)avcrvi)akbBa©mCÄan1 dYg nigrU)avcrkiryi abBa©mCÄan1dYg . ÉGrU)avcrcit1þ 2dYg elakutrþ cit8þ dYg ectsikTaMgBIrdYgenH minekItrlt;rYmCamYyeLIy eRBaH GrU)avcrcitBþ uMmantYstVbuKlÁ CaGarmµN_+ cMENkelakutþrcitþ KWmanEt niBaVnCaGarmµN_be:u NÑaHEdr . cMENkÉrU)avcrkuslbBa©mCÄan RtUvekItrlt;CamYy]ebkça evTnaectsikbuu:eNÑaH eTIbemtþa kruNa muTitaectsikekIt rlt;rYm CamYyBu)M an . 25> bBaØaectsik1dYg KWCaectsikEdleXIjRtUv yl;RtUvGMBI GarmµN_ kñgú ehtuplBitcMeBaHsPavFm’TaMgLay EdlenACMvu ji xønÜ TaMgenAkñgú xønÜ . bBaØaectsikenHkalebIekIteLIgkñgú snþan rEmg kMcat;bg;esckþPI an;RcLMggwtggl; KWGviCa¢ [vinaseTA)an ehIyjaMgu Bnø[W PøqW Høú eTAkñúgGarmµN_)aneXIjc,as;nvU Griysc©Fm’TaMg4 [R)akd 173

eLIg)an eRbobdUcePøgI eKam kalebIeqHeLIgehIy k¾GacmanrsµPI øW c,as;GaceFVnI vU rUbTaMgLay EdlmanenAkñgú pÞHggwt [eXIjR)akd dl;EPñk)an minRcLMy:agNamij . bBaØaectsikenH ekItrYmnwgkamavcrkuslcitþ CajaN sm,yutTþ aMg12dYg ekItrYmnwgmhKÁtcitþ27dYg KWr)U avcrcit1þ 5dYg GrU)avcrcit1þ 2dYg nigekItrYmCamYyelakutrþ citþ8dYg eRBaHesaPN citTþ aMgGs;enH RtUvRbkbedaynUvbBaØaectsikRKb;²dYg eTIbekIteLIg)an. cbe; ctsik52dYg 3

GMBIr)U avcrcitþ15dYg kalebIGarmµN_mankmøagM xøagM mk[citeþ tag citeþ saydwgrs dUcCarUbd¾Rss;sa¥ t sMeLgBieraH mðbÚ manrsd¾q¶aj;>>>>>elaPciteþ kIt eLIgCaesamnsSsb,ayePøtI ePønI k¾mankmøagM xøagM eRBaHGarmµN_)an CaTIR)afña y:agEsneBjcitþ . b:Eu nþebIsni CaGarmµN_ minCaTIR)afña rbs;cti eþ T citkþ E¾ RbkøayeTACaeTamnsS KWesckþIfañ gM fñak; mYrem:AekþA Rkhay k¾ekItmaneLIg . GarmµN_CakamKuNmk[citeþ tag citeþ kItrlt;Rbkbeday esamnsSkþI eTamnsSkþI cat;Tku CakamarmµN_ sUm,IesamnsS enaHCa mhakuslcitkþ e¾ day . ÉGarmµN_mk[citeþ tag citeþ kItrlt; edayesckþsI ¶b;ehAfa smfarmµN_ eRBaHGarmµN_enH kalebIcti þ etagyk rEmgrm¶ab;nvU kamcän³Þ eRBaHehtuesckþeI Bjcitþ Cab;CBM ak; kñgú kamarmµN_rlt;Gs;eTA . 174

Gkuslkmµbf10 f10 cat;Tku CakamarmµN_ eRBaHkalebIkay vacaciteþ tagykRbRBwtCþ aerOy²rEmgekIt)anCa kamavcrGkuslcitþ . buBaØkri y i avtß10 ú10 k¾cat;Tku CakamarmµN_ EtkamarmµN_ enHkalebIcti þetagyk ehIymankarRbRBwteþ TAedaykay edayvaca CaerOy²citþbN u ü citsþ IlKg;ngw ekIteLIg)an KWGaRs½ymankarGb;rM tamry³buBaØkmµ KWkargarl¥ GMeBIl¥ karrksucI Bi a©mw CIvti edayFm’ sMrab;Ca RbeyaCn_paÞ l;xøÜnkþI sMrab;CaRbeyaCn_[sgÁmsmUhPaBkþI . cMENkÉrU)avcrkuslcitþ KWRbesIr]tþm Cacits þ b¶ ;ekSm kSanþ eRBaHeLIgputcakkamavcrkuslciteþ nH . edIm,IGb;rkM amavcrkuslcitþ [)aneTACafñak;r)U avcrkuslcitþ KWRtUvcab;epþImeronlHnIvrNFm’5 tamkarjaMgu vitká³ vicar³ bIti sux ÉkKÁtaectsik[etagyksmfkmµdaæ nNamYy edayeFVbI rikmµPavna [)aneRcInGenkdg eRBaHkamavcrciteþ nH k¾)anetagykkamarmµN_ snSMsnþanCaeRcInGenkdgehIypgEdr . smfkmµdaæ n KWehtubG ¤ armµN_CaTIsMrab;tmál;cti þ edIm,I Gb;rkM amavcrkuslcitþ [eTACacitsþ b¶ ; XøatcaknIvrNFm’TaMg 5 . nIvrNFm’KF W m’raraMg Xat;mni [gakeTArkkuslFm’ raMgmin [kuslfñak;rU)avcrciteþ kIteLIg)an . edIm,IlHnUvnIvrNFm’enHRtUv jaMgu GBaØsmanaectsik esaPNectsik [etagkan;yknimti þ rbs;smfkmµdæanNamYy kñúgkmµdæanTaMg40CaGarmµN_RbkbedaynUv \T§)i aTTaMgbYnRbkar . smfkmµdaæ n40 n40RbkarK 40RbkarKW RbkarKksiN10 GsuP10 GnusSti10 Gb,mBaØa b¤RBhµvhi arFm’4 GaharbdikUlsBaØa1 ctuFatuvvdæan1 ¬Gakar32Rbkar ¦ nigGrUb4 .

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kmµdaæ n sMedAykGarmµN_CaTItmál;cti þ edIm,IbrikmµPavna . brikmµ sMedAykkiryi aeFVCI vMu ij eFVsI BVGenørI bs;Cvncitþ . Pavna sMedAykRtg;ct i þsLM gw rMBgw citþsgµw sµat×cMeBaHGarmµN_ NamYyRbkbedayjaNsm,yutKþ RW )aCJa . karrMBgw nwkenHKWeFVCI a erOy²eRcInGenkdg rhUtTal;EtGarmµN_ Edlcitsþ LM gw rMBgw enaH ERbeTACa]KÁhnimti þ rhUt)anCabdiPaKnimti þ . edIm,Ivci Ri tEkéx kamavcrkuslcit[þ ERbkøayeTACarU)avcr b¤GrU)avcrcitþ KWenARtg; eyaKavcrdwgfa mhakuslcitþ EdlkMBgu rMBgw nwkcMeBaHsmfkmµdaæ n NamYy mhakuslcitþenaH RtUvekItrlt;Rbkbedayectsik KWGgÁQan TaMg5 eLIg)andl;Gb,nasmaFixN³Na rU)avcrbzmCÄankuslcitþ k¾ekIteLIgxN³enaHEdr . eBlenaHcitþ ectsikEdlCaGgÁQannImyY ² k¾cHu s‘b;ENncMeBaHGarmµN_myY enaH\tERbRbYl . eBlrUbQanTaMg 5EdlkMBgu sMLgw rMBgw cMeBaHnimti þmyY enaHy:ags‘b;ENn k¾dtu Gs;eTA nUvnIvrNFm’TaMg 5 KW ³ 1> vitkáectsik ekItrlt;eLIgetagGarmµN_s‘b;ENnxN³Na fInmiT³§ k¾rlt;eTAxN³enaH . 2> vicarectsik ekIteLIgcuHs‘b;ENn Rtac;eTAtam b¤Bci arNa nUvGarmµN_xN³Na vicki icaä k¾rlt;eTAxN³enaH . 3> bItei ctsik ekIteLIg eBjcitcþ eM BaHGarmµN_xN³Na Büa)aT ectsikk¾rlt;eTAxN³enaH . 4> suxevTnaectsik ekIteLIgcuHs‘b;ceM BaHGarmµN_xN³Na ]T§c©kku úcá ©³k¾rlt;eTAxN³enaHEdr . 5> ÉkKÁtaectsik ekIteLIgcuHs‘b;ENncMeBaHGarmµN_xN³ Na kamcän³Þ k¾rlt;Gs;eTAxN³enaHEdr .

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]bmaeyaKavcr ykdIs¥itm:t;sa¥ t manBN’RkhmEbbelOg dak;elIRkNat;Bas;eFVCI argVg;mUl manviCm¢ aRtRbmaN1cMGam4Fñab; ekos[esµGI gÁyú EBnEPñnsMLgw dImyY rgVg;ksiNenH Rbkbedayvitká ectsik . xN³kMBgu BüayamsMLgw rMBgw [eXIj EtksiNdIenHenA Rtg;CvnviféI nckçTú aV r KWCaxN³kMBgu eFVIbrikmµPavnaGMBFI atudeI nH Rbkb edayesamnsSshKt jaNsm,uytu þ eTIbdwgc,as;eXIjc,as;fa enHCadI manBN’RkhmelOgy:agBitR)akd xN³eFVbI rikmµPavnaenH RtUveFVyI UreBlCaGenk eFV[I eTogeBlevla edIm,I[citeþ tagykdIEt mYyrgVg;ksiNenH min[gaketag dwgGarmµN_déT )anCabc©y½ naM[ citrþ bs;eyaKavcr)ans¶b;s¶at;RtCak;ekSmkSanþ . ÉdImyY rgVg;ksiNenH k¾eQµaHfa brikmµnimti þ eRBaHdIenHehIyKWCa eKalcariknUvGarmµN_ Edlcitþ ectsikrbs;eyaKavcrkMBgu eFVIbrikmµ Pavna . eBlkMBgu eFVbI rikmµPavnaenH Kb,IebIkEPñkpg biTEPñkpg xN³ebIkEPñk KwedIm,IrBM gw RtiHriHnUvGarmµN_KWksiNenH tamckçTú aV rRtg; CvnvifI EdlCamhakuslCvnRbkbedaybBaØaectsik . ÉxN³biT EPñk CaxN³sMLgw rMBgw cMeBaHGarmµN_KdW I EdlCanimti tþ ammenaTVar Rbkbeday jaNsm,yutþEtmYy. GarmµN_Canimti þ EdlekIttam menaTVarenH ehAfaviPUtarmµN_ dUc)ansMEdgRtg;GarmµN_ny½ rYcehIy Rtg;tTalm<Nvar³ EdlCaRbePTkamavcrcit.þ dUecñHbrikmµPavna KWCadMeNIrbdibtþi kñgú karGb;rsM nSMsnþan fñak;r)U avcrciteþ nH edayGakar³sMLgw nimti dþ mI YyrgVg;enH dMbgU tam ckçTú aV r bnÞab;mktammenaTVar . karsMLgw tammenaTVarenH yUrGenk dg TMraM]KÁhnimti eþ kIteLIg KWeBlbiTEPñkenaH eXIjnimti kþ siNdIenH dUckñúgeBlebIkEPñkEdr b:uEnþBuMTan;)aneXIjc,as;enAeLIy eRbob dUceyIgsMLgw emIlRBHGaTitü rYcbiTEPñkeTAvij eXIjRsemalrgVg; 177

RBHGaTitüenAkñgú EPñk)anmYyRsbk; eBlenHKW]KÁhnimti eþ kIteLIg . Kb,IRtUvjaugM mhakusl KWesamnsSRbkbedayjaNsm,yutþ[rkSa Tuk ehIynaM]KÁhnimitþenHeTAkEnøgfµI Edl)anerobcMTukCamun EtBuM manrgVg;bzvIksiNenABImxu dUcmuneLIy . xN³eBl EdlmhakuslCvn ekItrlt;RbkbedayjaN sm,yutþ kMBgu sMLgw y:agmaM cMeBaH]KÁhnimti þenH min[dac;)at;eTA vij xN³enHehAfa ]bcarPavna KWBEuM mnCaxN³kMBgu eFVbI rikmµPavna cMeBaHbrikmµnmi ti eþ naHeLIy . dUecñHxN³eBlkMBgu rMBgw RtiHriHBicarNanUv]KÁhnimti þ KWCakar Gb;rsM nSMsnþan)anfñak;Ca]bcarsmaFi Etk¾BTuM an;dl;fañ k;CarU)avcr kuslciteþ LIy EtxN³enH nIvrN³TaMgLay k¾eRTamcuHCalMdab; Etk¾BTuM an;snU üGs;eTAenAeLIyEdr . eBl]bcarPavna ecHEtRbRBwtþ eTACaerOy²edaykarbiTEPñkenH ]KÁhnimti þenH k¾ngw beBa©jrsµeI XIj c,as;enAkñgú menaTVar )aneQµaHehAfa bdiPaKnimti þ . bdiPaKnimti þekItdMbgU KWGacekIteLIgRtwmmYyxN³ b¤BrI xN³ ehIyk¾rlt;eTAvijedaysarEtmhakuslCvn rlt;cHu kan;ExSPvgÁ . ExSPvgÁekItrlt;eLIgCaeRcInxN³ dUecñHeyaKavcr RtUvjaMgu menaTVara vC¢ncitþ [eLIgkan;vfi I edIm,IRbwgrMBgw nwkGarmµN_ KWbdiPaKnimti eþ nH rhUtTal;EteXIjc,as;eLIgvij GaRs½yEtmhakuslCvneLIgkan; vifI sm,eyaKedayGgÁQanTaMg 5 KW ³ vitkáectsik CaGñkRct;Tl;rkSacitT þ ukenARtg;bdiPaKnimti þ )antamR)afña min[raymayeTArkGarmµN_déT . vicarectsik CaGñkrkSarvaMgcitþ ectsik [ecHEtRtac; eTAtam b¤Bci arNanUvGarmµN_ KwbdiPaKnimti eþ nH edIm,IkM[u mancitþ raymay citsþ gS½ycMeBaHGarmµN_ekItmaneLIg . 178

eFVIy:agenHrhUtTal;EtbIbItiectsik ekIteLIgKWesckþI s¶b;eBjcitþ b¤manGakar³RBWRBYc cMeBaHbdiPaKnimti eþ naHekIteLIg eRbobdUcbuKÁlkMBgu eRskXøan ehIy)anTwkePaCn pwkbriePaKEq¥tsáb; sál; rhUtRBWRkEjgxønÜ y:agNa . esamnsSectsikCasuxevTnak¾ evTna ekItmaneLIg eRBaH)anTwk nigePaCn KWbdiPaKnimti þenaH pwk briePaKeBjbribUN’tamR)afñaehIy . kalebIeyaKavcrkMBugTTYlsuxcMeBaHbdiPaKnimt í þ ÉkKÁta ectsikrEmgekIteLIg taMgmaMcaMCab;EtcMeBaHbdiPaKnimti mþ yY enaHb:eu NÑaH citeþ yaKavcrk¾seM rc)anfñak;CaGb, ;CaGb,nasmaFi xN³Na xN³enaHehA CaGb fa rUrUrU)avcrfñak;kb; zmCÄan . xN³eBlkMBgu sMLgw rMBgw cMeBaHbdiPaKnimitþ [taMgenA)anyUr rhUtTal;fkñw sÞat; ebImanR)afñacg;BRgIkbdiPaKnimti eþ nH [tUck¾)an [FMk)¾ an xN³eBlenHehAfa Gb, Gb,naPavna . Écitrþ bs;eyaKavcr EdltaMgenAmaM cMeBaHbdiPaKnimti eþ nH [enA)anTaMgyb;TaMgéf¶Rbkb edayGgÁQanTaMg5ehAfa Gb, Gb,nasmaFicti þ xN³enaHnIvrNFm’k¾ rlt;snU üGs;eTA . karGb;rsM rM cY citþrebobenH eFVcI ti [þ manTm¶n;eTA elIGarmµN_ kalebIeyaKavcrtaMgeLIgnUvGFidaæ n)armI nwgGacsMerc )annUvesckþRI )afñaTaMgLayCab¤Te§i naH . eyaKavcrRtUvkMNt;dgw fa ebIykkmµdaæ nNamYy kñgú kmµdaæ n TaMg40 mkeFVbI rikmµPavna KWseM dAlHkamavcrcitþ edIm,I)anfñak;Ca ectavimutþi eRBaHcitþenHrYcRsLHnUvkielskam minCab;CMBak;cMeBaH kamarmµN_xN³EdlGb,nasmaFikBM gu ekItrlt;eLIgenaH . karGb;rM rU)avcrciteþ dIm,I)ansMercnUvecetavimtu þei nH KWBmuM aneKaledA)anb¤Tk§i gñú

179

elakIy_enaHeT KWedIm,IQaneTAGb;rcM ti þmyY fñak;eTot KW)ansMercfñak; bBaØavimtu þi . ebIkMNt;eKaledA kñúgkarGb;rMcitþenHmin)anc,as;las;eT b¤ kMNt;ykkarGb;rMr)U avcrcitnþ aeBlenaH TukRKan;EtCaxN³eBleron snSMsnþanenHbnþci bnþcÜ GaceRkayeBlsMrakBIkareFVbI rikmµPavna eyaKavcr k¾cab;bnþRbkan;maMceM BaHvtßkú am bnþsnSMkei lskam b¤bnþ Cab;CBM ak;BlieBaFkñgú buBaØkmµdcU y:agRbRktIxagedIm . ÉGarmµN_Ca smfkmµdaæ nmYyenaH RtUve)aHbg;ecalTaMgRsug CYnkalGacmankar snSMsnþancMeBaHkamarmµN_ kan;EtF¶n;Cagmunk¾swgman . dUecñHkarsikSaGMBRI BHbriytþFi m’ RtUvecHEbgEckkMNt;dgw fa ³ GkuslcitEþ dlekItmanehIyenaH manehtubc©y ½ CaGkusl Fm’ GMeBIGaRkk; kargar\tRbeyaCn_GxVI Hø Edl)anmkGb;rM bNþHú Gkuslciteþ naH[ekItmaneLIg . mhakuslcitþmanehtubc©y ½ xagkuslFm’ GMeBICabuBaØ kiryi avtßú kargarl¥GxVI Hø Edl)anGb;rbM NþHú citeþ nH[ekItmankñgú snþan rbs;bKu lÁ dUc)anGFib,aymkehIy . ÉrU)avcrciteþ nH KWRtUvman smfkmµdaæ n mkCaGarmµN_[ citeþ tagykCaerOy² eTIbGacbNþHú citeþ nH [ekIteLIg)an dUc esckþGI Fib,ayxagelI . dUecñHkarGb;rMmhakuslcitþ [eTACarU)avcrciteþ nH KWGaRs½y manesckþBI üayamFM mankarGt;Ftµ ;sgát;sgáni citCþ atb³ EdlCakar Gb;rdM su xat;cti eþ nH [manTm¶n; nigfamBld¾mtu RsYcbMptu cMeBaHGarmµN_ . kalebIeyaKavcr)anTTYlbdiPaKnimt i Gþ b,nasmaFiekIt RBmnwgGgÁQanTaMg5 dUcsMEdgxagelI rU)avcrkuslcitbþ zmCÄan k¾ekIteLIgxN³enaH . ÉTutyi CÄan ttiyCÄan ctutCß Äan bBa©mCÄan 180

k¾manTMngdUcbzmCÄanEdr xusRtg; Tutyi CÄan manGgÁQan 4 edayRtUvlHvitkáecj . ttiyCÄan manGgÁ3 edayRtUvlHvitká nigvicarecj . ctutC ß Äan manGgÁ2 edayRtUvlHvitká³ vicar³ nigbIti . bBa©mCÄan manGgÁ2Edr KW]ebkça1 nigÉkKÁta1 eday RtUvlHvitká³ vicar³ bIti nigsux³ecj . rU)avcrkuslcitTþ aMg5dYgenH kalebIekIteLIgy:agsÞat;ehIy rEmgekIt)anCaplKW rU)avcrvi)ak ebIEcktamRbePTQankñgú bBa©k n½yman5dYg dUcrU)avcrkuslcitEþ dr . rU)avcrvi)akenH KWCadYgkMeNItrbs;eyaKavcr bnÞab;BrI lM ay xn§eTA nwgcab;bdisn§ei nARBhµelakkñgú PBfµI . ÉrU)avcrkiryi acit5þ KWCacitrþ bs;elakCaRBHxINaRsB ekIt eLIgkñgu xN³eBl EdlelakkMBgu cUlkan;QannieraFsmabtþi . rU)avcrQancitTþ aMg15dYg KWCaGarmµNUbniCÄan eRBaHQan ekIteLIg GaRs½ymansmfkmµdaæ nCaGarmµN_ . 3

GrU)avcrcitþ12dYg eBleyaKvcrcMerInksiNNamYy kúgñ ksiNTaMg9 edayelIkykGa kasksiNmYyecj )ansÞat;RbkbedayvsITaMg5 ebImanR)afñanwg cMerInGrUbCÄan4bnþ d:bM UgRtUvcab;brikmµPavna cMeBaHbrikmµnimti rþ bs; ksiNmYyenaH rhUt)ansMercfñak;bzmCÄan rYcetagjaMgu Tutyi CÄan ttiyCÄan ctutßCÄan ¬Qanctukn½y TutiyCÄanlHGgÁQanKW vitká³1 vicar³1¦ bBa©mCÄan ¬QanbBa©kn½y KWTtu iyCÄanlHGgÁQan KW vitká³1¦ [ekIteLIgtamlMdab;y:agenH . eBldwgfa rU)avcrkusl citfþ añ k;bpM tu ekIteLIgehIy RtUvkMNt;ykTItaMgRtg;sañ ménbdiPaK 181

nimti þ EdlCaGarmµN_rbs;bBa©mCÄanenaH TukdUcCabrikmµnmi ti þ edIm,I brikmµPavnaGakasKµanTIbpM tu >>>>>>>>>>>rhUtbdiPaKnimti þrbs;rUbCÄanenaH rlt;Gs;eTA GgÁQanTaMg5 rUbCÄanenHk¾rlt;cHu Gs; ]ebkçataMgs‘b; k¾ekItR)akdeLIg bnÞab;mkGakasKµanTIbpM utk¾)anCanimti þ CaGarmµN_vij )aneQµaHfa GakasanBa©aytnCÄan eRBaHGakasenH BumM anrUbdUc ksiNTaMg9eLIy mann½yfa )ansMercGrUbCÄanTI1 . eBllHbdiPaKnimitþ EdlCaGarmµN_rbs;Gb,nasmaFi Rtg; rUbCÄanTI4 ¬ebIQanctukn½y¦ )anehIy mann½yfa eyaKavcrebIk ksiN\trUb)anehIyk¾eXIjEtGakasTeTCaGarmµN_ KWGakasa nBa©aytn³enH.Kb,IykGakasanBa¢aytn³enH mkbrikmµPavna rhUt Tal;EtGb,nasmaFiekIteLIg edaycMerInGb,nasmaFienH rhUtTal; Et]ebkçasmaFiekIteLIg enaHKWedIm,IlHGakasanBa©aytn³ecj rYc cab;beg¥ancitþ etagykviBaØaNnimti þmkCaGarmµN_vji . eBlkMBgu jaMgu cit[þ etagykviBaØaNnimti þ mkCaGarmµN_enH RtUvbrikmµPavna viBaØaNKµanTIbpM tu viBaØaNKµanTIbpM tu viBaØaNKµan TIbpM tu >>>>>>>>>>rhUtdl;Gb,nasmaFi ekIteLIgxN³Na )ann½yfa eyaKavcr sMercGrU GrUbCÄanTI2 ehAfa viBaØaNBa©aytnkuslcitþ . karbeg¥ancitbþ rikmµ viBaØaNKµanTIbpM tu >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>yUrCaGenk rhUtTMrMaGb,naciteþ kIteLIg )anfñak;CaviBaØaNBa©aytnCÄanenH bnÞab;mk eTIbcab;brikmµPavna lHviBaØaNBa©aytnCÄanenHecj edaykMNt;fa viBaØaNsUm,Itci tYcminman>>>>>>>>>mkCaGarmµN_ eBlGb,naciteþ kIteLIg xN³Na ntßni mi ti þ KWmni mannimti þGVImkCaGarmµN_ xN³enaH)aneQµaH fa GakiBa©BaØaytnkuslcitþ CaGrUbCÄanTI3ekItmandl;eyaKavcrehIy . 182

eBlGb,nacitþrbs;eyaKavcr Gb;rM)anfñak;GakiBa©BaØaytn kusu lciteþ nH eyaKavcrk¾Kg;enAdwgfa citGþ atµaGjBumM anGarmµN_GVdI ¾ tictYcmkCabc©y½ [citeþ tag ekIt)anCaviBaØaNeLIy . esckþIdgw rebobenHCaesckþdI gw d¾tci tYcNas; eTIbRtUvlHesckþdI gw d¾tci tYcKW GakiBa©BaØaytnkuslcitþenHecjEfmeTot Edlkñgú xN³enaH dwgfa mansBaØa KWkiryi adwgRBm k¾mni Emn b¤famindwgxønÜ esaHk¾mni EmnEdr . kareFVbI rikmµPavnalHesckþdI gw fa ³citGþ atµaGjBuMmanGarmµN_ GVId¾tictYcmk[citþetag>>>CayUrGenk rhUtTal;Gb,nacitþekIteLIg )aneQµaHfa envsBaØanasBaØaytnkuslcitþ CaGrUbCÄanTI 4 . plcitEþ dlekIteLIgBIGrU)avcrkuslcitþ tamlMdab;TaMg 4 dYgenHehAfa GrU)avcrvi)akcitþ EcktamRbePTénGarmµN_man 4dYg dUcGrU)acvrkuslcit4þ dYgenHEdr . GrU)avcrkuslcitþ EdlR)ascakpl ehAfa GrU)avcrkiry i a EcktamRbePTénGarmµN_man4dYg nigmanesckþIGFib,aydUcGrU)avcr kuslcitEþ dr RKan;EtGrU)avcrkiryi a4dYgenH Caciteþ kIteLIgkñgú snþan rbs;GrUbRBhµbKu lÁ CaRBHGrhnþxN I aRsBmYyRKa² ehIyrlt;eTAvijmin manBUC minmanvi)akteTAGnaKteTot . kalceRmIn)anseRmcrUbCÄan GrUbCÄanya:genH mann½yfa kaysgçar vcIsgçar)anrlt;Gs;ehIy enAsl;EtevTna nigsBaØaEdl Cacitsþ gçar . ebImanR)afñacUlnieraFsmabtþi Kb,Icab;ceRmInBIbzmCÄaneLIgeTA rhUtdl;envsBaØanasBaØaytn³ edayBicarNa lHGgÁQanrbs;fñak;QannImyY ² [)anbrisuT§bpM tu . kalcUldl;env sBaØanasBaØaytn³)an2xNcitþ citkþ ¾mni )anekIteTAmuxeTot man eQµaHfacUlkan;nei raFsmabtþki alenaH .

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Gana)ansStikmµdæan

citeþ kItrlt;eLIg edaysarGarmµN_ EdlmanbuBaØkri yi avtß1ú 0 kuslkmµbf10Cabc©y½ RbkbedayesamnsSevTna b¤]ebkçaevTna CajaNsm,yutþkþI CajaNvib,yutþkþI cat;TukCakamavcrkuslcitþ CacitþRbkbedaysIlsm,Ta CacitþbN u ü b¤faCaeQµaHénesckþsI xu y:agenHk¾)an . kuslcitrþ Emgbeg¥aneTA b¤jaMgu kaysucrwtvcIscu rwt [RbRBwteþ LIgcMeBaHvtßkú am b¤kamKuNTaMgLay minRbkbeday GkuslmUleLIy . buKÁlEdlmancitþRbTUsþ rEmgR)ascakesckþIsuxenAkñúgelak b:Eu nþebIBüayamlHGkuslmUl BüayamevorcaknUvbBa©evraCaedIm ehIy jaMgu kaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwtCþ aerOy²nUvbuBaØkri iyavtßú eTasciteþ naH rEmgcuHexSayeTA² Écitbþ N u ürEmgekIteLIg GaRs½yeTAtamkar ksagnisS½y ]bnisS½yerog²xønÜ . Gana)ansSti CaGarmµN_myY kñgú GarmµN_TaMg40 rbs;smfkmµdaæ n eyaKavcrkaltaMgsti beg¥ancitþeTArkGarmµN_ KWGana)an³enHCa erOy² rU)avcrcitþrEmgekIteLIgenAkñgú snþan . eyaKavcrR)afñaGb;rM cMerInrU)avcrcitþ edayykGana)an³enHTukCaGarmµN_ Kb,IEsVgyl; nUvBaküKnøHw sMxan;²dUcxageRkam ³ - kmµdaæ n ³ KWGarmµN_CaTItmál;éncitþ TIenHsMedAelIxül;Gana)an ÉBaküfakmµ KW)andl;menakmµ Edlmannimti xþ ül;degðImCaGarmµN_seM dA ykPavnakmµenaH . - Gan ³ xül;dkdegðmI ecj b¤GsSas³ . - Ga)an ³ xül;dkdegðImcUl b¤bsSas³ . 184

- sti³ sµartI karrlwk karrvaMgcitþ karRbugRby½tñ min[ePøc b¤Paø t; kartaMgcitþ tmál;citþ . TIenHsMedAelIkartmál;cti þmaM [cUleTA taMgTukenARtg;xül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUl ¬stw ]bdæebtVati¦ . - bricti a³a³ snSMehIy manGtßfaRKb;RKg bMeBj Gb;rM . - ]bdæan³ tmál;Tku nUvnimti Eþ dlGb;rcM eM rIn)anehIy . - jaN³ jaN³ R)aCJa kiryi adwg esckþdI gw . rU)avcrcitEþ dlekItrlt; eLIg KWGaRs½yjaNsm,yutþCaFmµCatidgw KWfamhakuslcitsþ tßi enA CakamavcreKaRtk¾dgw ehIycitCþ akamavcreKaRtenH ehobqøgeTAkan; rU)avcreKaRtk¾jaNenHdwg cit)þ andl;rU)avcrfñak;bzmCÄan k¾jaN enHdwgc,as; degðmI ecjEvgk¾dgw degðmI cUlEvgk¾dgw >>>>. - vivdþ³ kiryi avilRtLb;cakbvtþFm’ nignimti Eþ dlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TA mux b¤R)ascakkiriyavileTAmux TIenHsMedAeTAelIcitþminbeg¥aneTA kan;GarmµN_ KWxül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUleTot . - siktiçt³i kiryi asikSa eronsURtkñgú karGnuvtþ karbgVkw citþ . - kay³ kay³ )andl;kay2y:agKW ³ 1> namkay³ namkay³ KWpsS³ evTna sBaØa mnsikar³ehAcitsþ gçark¾)an. -psS³ FmµCatidgw nUvkarBal;RtUvrbs;GarmµN_ TIenHKWxül;ecjb:H xül;clU b:H . -evTna FmµCati esayrsénGarmµN_CaTukç sux ]ebkça . -sBaØa FmµCati sMKal;nUvGarmµN_TeI nHKWnmi ti þrbs;xül;dkdegðIm ecj-cUl . -mnsikar FmµCatieFVTI ku kñgú citþ nUvnimti rþ bs;xül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUl. 185

2> rUbkay³ KWmhaPUtrUb4pg ])aTayrUbpg degðmI ecjpg degðmI cUlpg nimti pþ g EdlcUleTAcgRkg tak;Etg)anCatYxnøÜ ehAfa kaysgçary:agenHk¾)an . - bdiseM vTI³ kiryi adwgRBmcMeBaHehIy TTYlehIy esayehIy . - bsSmÖyM³ rMlt; rm¶ab; .

lMdab;énkarGb;rMceRmInPavna 3

tamkarbdibtþi eyaKavcrKb,IGgÁyú EBnEPñn biTmat;[CitGNþat b:HnwgRkGUmmat;xagelI cugGNþatTl;ngw eCIgeFµjxagelI taMg kay[Rtg; taMgsti[EbrmuxeTAtmál;Tku Rtg;deM NIrxül;degðmI ecjcUl . kñgú xN³dkdegðImecj nigdkdegðImcUl mansti manesckþI RbugRby½tñ min[Pan;RcLMrvagxül;dkecj nigxül;dkcUl[esaH ¬setav GsSsti seta bsSsti¦ . tamkarsegátGacarüelakeRcInbgðat;beRgoneyaKavcrGMBkI mµdaæ n enHtamrebobpÁTúM l;Kañ TaMgGsSas³ bsSas³rYmbBa©ÚlKñarbs;Gana)ansS\i EtmYy .cMENkKm<rI RBHéRtbidk sutnþ bþ di k xuTkÞ nikay bdismÖTi amKÁ Tutyi PaK mhavKÁ Gna)ankfa Rtg;ldM ab;énkarsnSM )anEcgfa buKÁlKb,IGb;rcM eM rInCaerOy² nUvGMNacxül;dkdegðmI ecjEvgCamun bnÞab;mkeTIbGb;rsM nSMCaerOy²nUvGMNacxül;dkdegðmI cUlEvgCaeRkay dUcman bT)alIfa ³ TIXM GsSasvesn burmi a burima bricti a 186

bcämi a bcämi a Gnubricti a TIXM bsSasvesn . ÉkarsnSMxül;dk degðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI k¾manrebobcMerInmuneRkay dUcKñaenHEdr . kaleyaKavcrbMeBj)ansMercrU)avcrcitþ edayGMNacxül;dk degðmI ecj-cUlenHxN³Na Kb,IBci arNa[eXIjfa rU)avcrkuslcitþ enHkMBgu taMgmaMceM BaHGarmµN_EtmYy KWxül;dkdegðImecj-cUlenHbnÞab; mkRtUvdwgfa kic©enAkñúgRBHBuTs§ asnaenHenAmaneTot KWkarGb;rM lHrU)avcrkusl edIm,IGb;rcM eM rInPavnaGrU)avcrcitþ nigelakutþrcitþbnþ . dUecñHKb,IBci arNa[eXIjeTasrbs;rU)avcrciteþ nHfa minTan;dl; nUvesckþbI risTu p§ rU pg;enAeLIy eRBaHeTIbkMcat;)anfñak;briydu aæ nkiels ÉGnusy½ kiels kMcat;mni Tan;)anGs;CasmuecäT eTIbeyaKavcr BicarNa[eXIjeTasrbs;rU)avcrcitþenHfakMBugRbkan;maMcMeBaHxül; dkdegðImecj-cUl . ehIyk¾cab;Bci arNa[eXIj edIm,IlHGMNac xül;dkdegðImecjCamun bnÞab;mkBicarNalHxül;degðImcUl enaHCa eRkay dUcmanbT)alIfa ³ bdinisSKÁanubsSI GsSasvesn burima burima bricti a bcämi a bcämi a Gnubricti a bsSasvesn. snSMehIyCamunnUvxül;dkdegðImecjCaerOy² bnÞab;mksnSM ehIynUvxül;dkdegðmI cUlCaerOy²CaxageRkayy:agenH eTIbcab;Gb;rM CarebobpÞTúM l;Kañ nUvvtßTú aMg16Rbkarrbs;Gana)ansSti ¬GBaØmBaØ bricti a¦ GaRs½ymankarGb;rMbnÞab;pgenaH eTIbelakeBalfa snSMehIy edaylMdab; ¬GnubBVM bricitati¦ . 187

viFIcab;epþmI cMerInPavna mankarGb;rcM eM rInPavnaxül;dkdegðmI ecjmuny:agenH dMbgU Kb,I tmál;xül;dkdegðmI enARtg;p©ti mYyY xN³sin rYcbeg¥ancitsþ LM gw nimti þ xül;enARtg;p©itenH[R)akd bnÞab;mkeTIbbBa¢Únxül;dkdegðmI ecj Evgedayyksti[eTAcgeRkók nwgRtac;eTAtamdMeNIrxül; EdlkMBgu dkecjEvgenaH[dl;cugRcmuH . ebImankarGb;rMrYmKñakñúg»kas EtmYy nUvxül;dkdegðmI cUlEvg Kb,IcgeRkoksti[Rtac;eTAtam dMeNIrxül;dkdegðmI cUlEvg cab;BcI gu RcmuHrhUtdl;pt©i vij . GaRs½ymansticgeRkok nigRtac;eTAtamdMeNIrxül;dkdegðmI ecj cUl)anl¥ CaehtujaMgu [jaNekIteLIgdwg)anfa³kaldkdegðmI ecj Evg k¾dgw c,as;fa GatµaGj dkdegðmI ecjEvg dUcmanbT)alIfa TIXM GsSsenþa TIXM GsSsamIti bCanati . kaldkdegðImcUlEvg k¾dwgc,as;fa GatµaGjdkdegðImcUlEvg dUcmanbT)alIfa³ TIXM bsSsenþa TIXM bsSsamIti bCanati . Baküfadwgc,as; KWKb,I dwg[c,as;nUvcMENkkalEdlEvgenaH [R)akd dUcmanbT)alIfa TIXM GsSasM GT§ansgçaet GsSsti ERbfa ³ buKÁldkdegðImecjkñgú cMENkénkalEvg nUvxül;dkdegðmI ecjEvg . ÉkardkdegðImcUlEvg k¾RtUvdwgc,as; nUvcMENkkalEdlEvgenaHEdr . 188

ehtubc©y½ EdlRBHbrmsasþa RTg;sEM dgbBa¢ak;nvU Baküfadwgc,as; nUvcMENkkalEvg eRBaHfakalmankarGb;rcM eM rInPavnanUvGMNacén xül;degðmI ecjEvg-cUlEvgenaH ecHEtRbRBwteþ TACaerOy² b:Eu nþmni Tan;)ansMercnUvsmaFicti þ kay citeþ nAEtkMerIkjab;jr½ Tukeç vTnaTaMg LayrEmgekIteLIg . kalebIeyaKavcr)ansMercsmaFicti þ Cacitþmni raymay jaNekIteLIgKg;Gacdwg)anfa xül;dkdegðmI ecjEvgcUlEvgenaH nwgecHEtxølI ¥itsuxuméRkElgCagmun . GaRs½yqnÞ³ekIteLIgR)afñacg;)annUvrU)avcrcitþ Edlkan;EtpUrpg; CagenH karcMerInPavnak¾ecHEtRbRBwtbþ nþmni dak;Fru ³ ÉTukeç vTnaEdl )anekIteLIgenaH k¾minTan;rlt; . eyaKavcrKb,ItaMgcitþCa]ebkça cMeBaHTukeç vTnaTaMgenaH edayviFkI an;EtRbwgw cgeRkoksti citRþ tac;eTA tamxül;dkdegðmI ecjEvg-cUlEvg EdlecHEtxølI ti¥ suxuméRkElg CagmunenaH kM[u dac;mYyxN³Na[esaH edayTb;eBaHmin[ehIb edIm,IkM[u xül;dkdegðImcUlEvgenaH Føak;eTArkdegðmI xül;clU EvgeRKaK RKaKvij)an. kalebIeyaKavcrcgeRkoksti bBa¢nÚ cit[þ Rtac;eTAtamdMeNIr xül;dkecjEvg-dkcUlEvg EdlecHEtxølI t¥i suxmu éRkElgCagmun enaHyUr²eTA xül;dkdegðImecjEvg-cUlEvgenaH nwgdl;nUvxül;xøI m:t;eTA² . ebImansPavFm’CaevTnaEbøk²ekIteLIg eyaKavcr Kb,IkN M t;kgñú citfþ a enHKWCasPavFm’ekIteLIg edaysarxül;be:u NÑaH 189

KµanGVKI Yr[P½yxøaceLIy ehIyxMRbwgBüayamcMerInPavnaGMNacxül; dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøeI naH rhUtTukeç vTnaTaMgLayrlt;eTAvijGs; Ca bc©y½ naM[xül;dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøeI naH k¾kan;Etl¥ti suxuméRkElg enaH cuHRsYlCagmun . kalxül;dkdegðmI ecjxøI-cUlxøeI kIteLIgehIy eyaKavcrKb,Idgw c,as;nvU cMENkkalEdlxøI rbs;xül;dkecj-dkcUlenaH[R)akd dUc manbT)alIfa ³ - rsSM GsSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSsti. - rsSM bsSasM \tþrsgçaet bsSsti. ÉkarGb;rMsnSMCarebobpÁTúM l;Kañ edayGMNacénGana)ansSti kñgú cMENkénkalxøI k¾RtUvdwg[R)akd nUvxN³EdlxøI dUcKñaeTAnwgcMENk kalEdlEvgEdr dUcmanbT)alIfa ³ rsSM GsSasb,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSstibi bsSstibi ERbfa ³ buKÁldkdegðmI ecjkþ-I dkcUlkþI kñgú cMENkénkalxøI nUvxül;dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI . kalbuKÁldkdegðmI ecjkþI dkcUlkþkI gñú cMENkénkalxøI ¬Edl)an snSMehIyCaerOy²¦qnÞ³ekIteLIg dUcmanbT)alIfa ³ rsSM GsSas b,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSsetabi bsSsetabi qenÞa ]b,C¢ti . edayGMNacénqnÞ³d¾FeM Fg EdlCa\T§i)aTFm’mYyrbs;eyaKavcr kñúgkarR)afñacg;)ansMercnUvfñak;QancitEþ dlkan;EtpUrpg; degðmI dk ecjkþI degðmI dkcUlkþkI gñú cMENkénkalxørI bs;xül;dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI 190

¬enaH¦k¾kan;Etl¥ti suxmu éRkElgCag¬mun¦dUcmanbT)alfI a³ qnÞvesn teta suxumtrM rsSM GsSasb,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSstibi bsSstibi . edayGMNacénqnÞ³ ¬rbs;eyaKavcrmanR)afña¦ xøagM kaldkecj kþI dkcUlkþI kñgú cMENkénkalxønI vU xül;dkdegðImecjxø-I cUlxøI Edlkan; Etl¥ti éRkElgRsYlCagmun ¬qøgputdMNak;kalmYy EdlTukeç vTna TaMgLay)anrlt;Gs;eTA¦ )amuC¢³¬esckþrI kI rayTn¦; k¾ekIteLIg dUc manbT)alIEcgfa³ qnÞvesn teta suxumtrM rsSM GsSasb,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSsetabi bsSsetabi )amuC¢ ]b,C¢ti. edayGMNacén)amuC³¢ ¬rbs;eyaKavcrEdlpSayeTA¦xøagM kaldkecj kþI dkcUlkþI kñgú cMENkkalEdlxønI vU xül;dkdegðImecjxø-I cUlxøI Edl l¥ti éRkElgRsYlCagenaH cit¬þ rbs;eyaKavcr¦ k¾Xaø tecjGMBI ¬min beg¥aneTAetag¦ xül;dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøeI naH ]ebkçak¾taMgenA s‘b; dUcmanbT)alIfa³ )amuC¢vesn teta suxumtrM rsSM GsSasb,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSsetabi bsSsetabi GsSasb,sSasa citþM vivdþti ]ebkça sNæati . kalkay ¬KW¦xül;dkdegðmI ecjxI-ø cUlxøI dl;nvU Gakar³9 eFVkI ar TMnku bMrgu stiCaR)aCJaénkarBicarNaeXIjfa kayeFVkI arTMnku bMrgu minEmn stieT cMENkÉstieFVkI arTMnku bMrgu pg stiXRMu Kgstipg edayehtu enaH jaNrEmgBicarNaeXIjnUvkayenaH ehtuenaHelakeBalfa 191

kay¬KW¦kayanubsSnastib,dæanPavna edayRbkardUecñH dUcmanbT )alIfa ³ \emhi nvhakaerhi rsSM GsSasb,sSas kaeya ]bdæanM sti GnubsSnajaNM kaeya ]bdæanM ena sti sti ]bdæanM ecv sti c tay stiya etn jaeNn tM kayM GnubsStIti etn vuct© i kaey kayanubsSna stib,dæanPavna . dUecñHkalmanstidkdegðmI ecjrbs;bKu lÁ eFVIstidl;nvU Gakar³32 KWkaldwgc,as;nvU citþmanGarmµN_EtmYy minraymayedayGMNacrbs; xül;dkdegðmI ecjEvg GaRs½ysticlU eTAtmál;maMehIy mansti XMRu KgehIy edayehtujaNrbs;bKu ÁleFVsI timan . cMENkkalman stidkdegðmI cUlEvg rYmTaMgkalmanstidkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI eyaKavcr EdlGacdwgc,as;fa citmþ anGarmµN_EtmYy minraymay )andl; smaFicti þ KWGaRs½ymansti manjaNy:agdUecñH dUcmanbT)alI Ecgfa ³ setav GsSstIti Btþwsay Gakaerhi setakarI TIXM GsSasvesn citeþ sSkKátM GviekçbM bCaneta sti ]bdæti Va ehati tay stiya etn jaeNn setakarI ehati TIXM bsSasvesn>>>>>>>.

esckþeI RbobeFobnimti xþ ül;dkdegðmI eTAnwgsñrÚ rKaMg 3

edIm,IeronsMKal;nimti xþ ül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUlenH[)anl¥ RBHbrmRKURTg;)aneFVkI areRbobeFobeTAnwgsñrÚ rKaMgEdleKvayeKaH KWfakal 192

buKÁlmanstikgñú kareKaHrKaMg sMeLgEdlB¤ecjBIrKaMgdMbgU enaHCa sMeLgxøagM eRKatRKat b:uEnþseM LgeRKatRKatenaHminrlt;eTAvijPøam² eT eRkaymksMeLgenaH k¾ERbeTACatUcqµal¥ti eTA² rhUtsMeLgl¥ti éRkElgenaHrlt;snU üeTA . cMENkÉsPaBnimti þrbs;xül;dkdegðmI ecjEvg-cUlEvgkþI ecjxøI cUlxøkI Iþ kaleyaKavcrkan;yknimti xþ ül;dbM gU k¾mansPaBeRKatRKat ekIteLIgCasPavFm’Ebøk²rbs;kaysgçarcitþsgçar bnÞab;mksPavFm’ eRKatRKatenaH k¾ngw ecHEtexSayl¥ti eTA² RbRBwteþ TACaxageRkay eRbobdUcsMeLgrKaMg EdleKvayenaHEdr . karcMerInPavnasmfkmµdæan edayykGana)ansStiCaGarmµN_ eyaKavcrKb,IRtUvdwg[c,as;BnI mi ti rþ bs;xül;dkdegðmI ecjcUlenaHKW³ - ]Larik GsSasb,sSas³ xül;dkdegðImecj-cUleRKatRKat. - suxum GsSasb,sSas³ xül;dkdegðImecj-cUll¥ti suxmu . rebobkan;yknimitþrbs;xül;dkdegðImecj-cUl kñgú eBlkMBgu kan;yknimitrþ bs;xül;Gana)an³ CaGamµN_ Kb,IsgÞ ; kan;yknimti eþ nH EdlcitþkBM gu tmál;Tku enARtg;p©ti enaH . kalebIkan; yknimti )þ anl¥ehIy eTIbjaMgu cit[þ Rtac;eTAtamxül;dkdegðmI ecj . xN³enH CaxN³dkdegðmI ecj Kb,IsgÞ ;yknimti rþ bs;xül;Edlb:H RtUv cab;taMgBIpt©i mkdl;cgu RcmuH. cMENkxül;dkdegðmI cUl Kb,IsÞg; 193

yknimti þxül;dkcUlenARtg;cgu RcmuH rhUtmkdl;pt©i vij edaysMKal; nimti xþ ül;enaHeFVTI ku kñgú citmþ ni [cenøaH Rtg;»kasEdlxül;dkecjb:H dkcUlb:H[esaH. xN³enHehIyEdleyaKavcrKb,IbBa¢Únsti eRkok sti[Rtac;eTAtamxül; EdlkMBgu dkecj kMBgu dkcUl edayeFVTI ku kñgú citþ kM[u mancenøaH dUccitkþ an;yknimti xþ ül;enaHEdr . BMKu b,IeFVTI ku kñgú citeþ dayGMNacxagedIm kNþal nigxagcugfaxül; dkdegðmI ecj p©ti CaxagedIm ebHdUgCakNþal cugRcmuHCaxagcug fa xül;dkdegðmI cUl cugRcmuHCaxagedIm ebHdUgCakNþal p©ti Caxagcug eLIyeRBaHCaehtunaM[citrþ aymay minGacdl;nvU smaFi)an . GaRs½yeyaKavcrmanqnÞ³R)afñaxøagM cg;)ansMercsmaFicti þ k¾taMg Büayambnþ rhUtTukçevTnaTaMgLayecHEtRsaleTA² rhUtcitþraymay citkþ eM rIkjab;j½rk¾rlt;Gs; esckþrI kI rayd¾s¶b;Tn; esckþeI RtkGr ¬bIti )aemaC¢³¦ekIteLIg citkþ t¾ mál;maM)anl¥ cMeBaHEtxül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUlEvgmYyenH \tmanrevIrvayeTAkan;GarmµN_Canimti dþ éT . kñgú xN³enHKb,IsKM al;nmi ti xþ ül;dkecjEvg-dkcUlEvgenaHmansPaB l¥itéRkElg¬suxum TIXM GsSasb,sSas³¦eBalKW smaFicitþfñak; bzmCÄanekIteLIgehIy . sUmbBa¢ak;fa enAeBlGgÁyú EBnEPñncMerInGana)ansStienH xN³ EdlsmaFicti eþ kIteLIgminTan;)anmaMTaM nIvrNFm’EtgEtekItrlt;xNÐ ERCkmin[smaFicti eþ kIteLIg)anyUrtamR)afña . kñgú eBlenHesckþI 194

rYjramincg;bnþkarcMerInPavnarEmgekItman CYnkalesckþrI aymayekIt eLIgCabc©y½ naM[kamqnÞ³nwkmémeXIjnUvFmµarmµN_CakamKuNepSg² CYnkalesckþfI ñagM fñak;Büa)aTcMeBaHTukçevTnaekIteLIg esckþIekþARkhl; Rkhay k¾ekIteLIg CYnkalesckþIegakguyk¾GacekIteLIg kayk¾ ElgRtg; egakcuH . TaMgGs;enHsuTE§ tCanIvrN³ekIteLIg eRBaHehtu taMgsti min)anmaMl¥ GFiemakç viryi ectsikrlt; . Kb,ItaMgstieLIg vij ehIyecHqk;Rtg;»kasmYy edayeqøóttRmg;kayeLIgvijpg eRkoksti[Rtac;eTAtamxül;dkecj-dkcUl pg . * citEþ dltmál;taMgTukenARtg;pt ©i dMbgU enaH bnÞab;mkciteþ nHk¾nkw rkGarmµN_KxW ül;degðImenARtg;TeI nH xN³citEþ dlkMBgu nwkrkGarmµN_ y:agenHmaneQµaHfaGavC¢ncitþ . kalGavC¢ncitTþ ajetagrMBgw nwk rkxül;dkdegðmI rlt; CvncitþekIteLIgk¾Tajetagkan;yknimti xþ ül; dkdegðmI enaH Edltmál;Tku Rtg;p©ti enH . citEþ dlrlwkeXIjdwgfa xül;dkdegðmI mannimti eþ nARtg;p©ti KWstiectsitenH . CvncitEþ dlkMBgu eLIgkan;GarmµN_KxW ül;dkdegðmI enH KWvti káectsik CvncitEþ dlkMBgu Rtac;eTAtamxül;dkdegðmI KWvci arectsik CvncitEþ dl kMBgu rlwk)annUvsPavFm’TaMgenH KWstiectsik . ebIstiectsikrlt; evlaNavitkáectsik vicarectsik k¾rlt;eTARBmevlaenaHEdr . eyaKavcrEdl)anGb;rcM eM rInrU)avcrcitþ fñkw sÞat;edayvsI kalnwk rkQancitfþ ñak;Na k¾dcU GgÁQanrbs;Qancitþfñak;enaH k¾nwkrk)an 195

Pøam² BM)u anyWtyUry:agenHehAfa GavC¢nvsI . kalGavC¢nciteþ nH ekIteLIgmYyxN³ehIyrlt;cHu brikmµCvnciteþ kIteLIgk¾Tajetagnkw rMBgw kan;yknimti xþ ül;dkdegðmI enaHmkPavna eRBaHciteþ nH)anesay dwgrsrbs;GarmµN_RbkbedaykuslmUlrYcehIy . eTIbbNÐti elaksMEdgfa rU)avcrcitþ elakutrþ citþ GesaPNcitþEdl CaGehtukcit1þ 5dYg BM)u anekItrlt;rYmCamYyeLIy KWkalebImenaTVaravC¢nciteþ kIteLIgehIyrlt;eTAvij Cvnciteþ kIteLIgPøamenARtg;menaTVar EdlmaneQµaHfabrikmµenaH . enAeBlbrikmµCvnkMBgu etag Tajyk brikmµnimti þ EdlCvnvifTI I1kMBgu esaykMBgu rMBgw nwk Cvncitþ xN³enH KWCamhakuslCvn EdlRbkbedayjaNsm,yutþ eRBaHGaRs½y mansti nigjaNGacdwg)anc,as;fa enHKWCanimti þrbs;xül;dkdegðIm ecj-cUledayBit . mü:agkalbrikmµCvnenHekIteLIgetagTajyk nimti xþ ül;dkdegðImecj-cUl EdlCaGarmµN_rbs;smfkmµdæany:ag enH GkuslmUl k¾ekItrlt;rYmCamYybrikmµCvnenH BM)u anEdr . GMBIsPaBén]ebkça 3

Rtg;bT)alIsEM dgfa ³ )amuC¢vesn teta suxumtrM rsSM GsSasb,sSasM \tþrsgçaet GsSsetabi bsSsetabi rsSM GsSasb,sSasa citþM vivdþti ]ebkça sNæati ERbfa ³ kalbuKlÁ dkdegðmI ecjkþI dkcUlkþI nUvxül;dk degðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI Edll¥ti éRkElgCagenaH kñgú cMENkkalEdlxøI edayGMNac)amuC¢³ 196

¬pSayeTA¦ d¾FMeFg citþk¾XøatecjGMBIxül;dkdegðImecjxøI-cUl xøIenaH ]ebkçak¾taMgeLIgs‘b; . kñúgxN³enHcitþrbs;eyaKavcrkan;Ets¶b;eTA² Éxül;dkdegðIm ecjxø-I cUlxøEI dll¥ti suxuméRkElgenaH Caxül;m:t;CaRtkUlxül;T4I bnÞab;mkxül;enHk¾rlt;myY xN³ enAsl;Etxül;Fatu b:Eu nþsti nig jaNRKan;Etdwgfa citmþ ni kan;yknimti xþ ül;dkecj-dkcUleTotCa cithþ ak;Kaµ nGarmµN_mk[citeþ tagyk . xN³enHKWxN³Edl]ebkça citeþ kIteLIg citeþ nAes¶óms¶at;mni esayGarmµN_eTot ebImanR)afñacMerIn GrU)avcrcitþ b¤elakutrþ citþ KWGacbeg¥anciteþ TArkGarmµN_rbs;GrUbQan b¤nBi aVn)an kñgú xN³Edl]ebkçataMgs‘b;)anl¥RbkbedayvsI edayepÞog pÞat; ]ebkçaenH [eXIjfa minCab;CBM ak; nigevTnaNamYyeLIy . karkMNt;TItaMgnimitþrbs;xül;dkdegðImecjxøI-cUlxøI 3

tamkarGnuvtþn_Cak;Esþg GackMNt;ykTIrbs;nimitþxül;degðImxøI cab;BcI ugdegðIm dl;cgu RcmuHsRmab;degðImdkecj cab;BcI gu RcmuHdl; cugdegðImsRmab;degðImdkcUlCaRtkUlxül;TI2 cat;CaTutiyCÄan . cab;BKI l;k b¤edImk rhUtmdl;cgu RcmuH CaTIrbs;xül;dkecjl¥ti É cab;BcI gu RcmuHmkedImk b¤Kl;kCaTIekItxül;dkcUll¥ti CaRtkUl xül;T3I cat;CattiyCÄan. cMENkÉTIekItxül;dkecjxøI-dkcUlxøI Edll¥ti éRkElg Caxül; 197

l¥ti m:t;enaH GackMNt;yknimti xþ ül;enARtg;xgÞ ;RcmuH mkdl;cgu RcmuH cMeBaHxül;dkecj. Énimti xþ ül;dkcUl KWcab;BcI gu RcmuH dl;xgÞ ;RcmuH ebIlt¥i éRkElgbMptu enaH KWenARtg;cgu RcmuHEtmþg edaymanstirlwk TukEt»kasbnþci rvagdegðImdkecj nigdegðImdkcUlb:eu NÑaH CaRtkUl xül;T4I cat;CactutCß Äan. ebIxül;degðmI »kasenHrlt; ]ebkçak¾rEmg ekIteLIgRtg;xN³enH . sti nigjaNk¾dgw )ansMKal;nvU esckþsI ¶b; ehIyk¾dgw c,as;fa citmþ inbeg¥aneTAkan;xül;dkdegImð eTot . kñgú xN³enH Kb,Ibeg¥ancitþmktmál;TukenARtg;ebHdUg EdlCaTIekIt citþ b:Eu nþcti xþ N³enH mineLIgkan;GarmµN_ eBlenH esckþsI xu s¶b; k¾ kan;EtpUrpg;eLIg²Edr . bnÞab;mkxül;dkdegðmI ecjxø-I cUlxøI b¤ecj Evg-cUlEvg k¾ngw ekIteLIgvij GaRs½ysmaFicti þ ]ebkçacitmþ ni Tan;rgw maM b¤GFidaæ nvsImni Tan;fñwkl¥ . GMBIGtßesckþIénBaküfasBVkayb,disMevTI 3

sBVkayb,disMevTI GsSsisSamIti sikçti ERbfa³ buKÁlsikSafa GatµaGjkMNt;dwgnUvkayTaMgBYg eTIbdkdegðImecj . sBVkayb, disMevTI bsSsisSamIti sikçti ERbfa ³ buKlÁ sikSafa GatµaGj kMNt;dgw nUv kayTaMgBYg eTIbdkdegðmI cUl . sBVkayb,disMevTI GsSasb,sSasvesn citþsS ÉkKÁtM GviekçbM bCaneta viTita evTna ]b,Cnþi ERbfa ³ kalbuKÁl dwgc,as;nvU sPaBcitþmanGarmµN_ 198

EtmYyEdlminraymay edayGMNacxül;dkdegðImecj xül;dkdegðIm cUl sRmab;Gkñ kMNt;dgw nUvkayTaMgBYg evTnaTaMgLayEdlR)akd rEmg ekIteLIg . sBVkayb,disMevTI GsSasb,sSasvesn citþsS ÉkKÁtM GviekçbM bCaneta \®nÞiyani semaFaenti ERbfa³ kalbuKÁldwgc,as; nUvsPaBcitþmanGarmµN_EtmYy EdlminraymayedayGMNacxül; dkdegðImecj xül;dkdegðmI cUl sRmab;Gkñ kMNt;dgw nUvkayTaMgBYg rEmgRbmUlmknUv\®nÞyi TaMgLay . etn vuc©ti smtßBa© bdiviCÄtIti ERbfa ³ ehtuenHelakeBalfa rEmg¬Gac¦cak;FHøú nUvGtßénesckþsI b¶ ; . BaküfakayTaMgBYg KW)andl;namkay KWcti sþ gçar1 nigrUbkay KWkaysgçar sMedAelIxül;dkdegðmI ecj-cUl1 . Baküfa sBVkayb,disMevTIGFib,ayfa eyaKavcrKb,Idgw [)an sBVRKb;nvU sPavFm’TaMgLayrbs;GarmµN_ EdlekItmanenARtg;nam kaykþI rUbkaykþI kúgñ eBlcMerInkmµdaæ nenH RtUvsikSasegát[c,as; kt;sKM al;[)anc,as; kM[u RcLM . kalbuKÁlsikSa)andwgc,as; nUvkaresaydwgGarmµN_rbs;citþ edayGMNacxül;dkecj - xül;dk cUlfamansPaBCakay Cacitrþ Ba¢yÜ jab;jr½ kMerIk CaTukçevTnaTaMg LayekIteLIgy:agNa² KWsikSa[)andwgc,as; bnÞab;mkesckþsI xu s¶b;ekIteLIg edaysarcitmþ anGarmµN_EtmYy cMeBaHxül;degðmI ecjcUl Cacitmþ ni raymayeTAkan;GarmµN_déT k¾Kg;dgw c,as;)an eRBaH GaRs½yevTnaTaMgLayEdlekIteLIg eyaKavcr)ansikSa )anGnuvtþ CaerOy²dwg)anc,as;ehIy . 199

dUecñHeyaKavcrEdlGacdwgc,as;sBVRKb;)an nUvTukeç vTnaTaMgLay rbs;kaysgçar rhUtekItesckþsI b¶ ;kay s¶b;cti þ kñgú xN³citmþ an GarmµN_EtmYy CacitþminraymayekIteLIg k¾)andwgc,as; GaRs½y \®nÞiyTaMgLayrbs;eyaKavcr )anRbRBwteþ TA )anbeg¥aneTAkan; Gana)an³CaGarmµN_RBm²Kña rYmman siT®§i nÞiy KWkareCOs‘b;1 vIryi ®i nÞyi KWkarpÁg1 sti®nÞyi KWkarRbugsµartI1 smaFi®nÞyi KWkarmin raymay1 bBaØ®i nÞyi KWkarBicarNaRbeyaCn_dl;kareXIj1 ¬\®nÞiyani semaFaenti¦. kalebIeyaKavcrman\®nÞiyTaMgLayenHvinasehIy CaehtunaM[e)aHbg;nvU karbdibtþi k¾mni GackMNt;dgw )an sBVRKb;nvU sPavFm’TaMgLayrbs;namkay nigrUbkay EdlekIteLIgkñgú xN³ GgÁyú EBnEPñncMerInkmµdaæ nenH)anEdr. BaküfasBVkayb,dIseM vTI k¾ ekIteLIgBM)u an . kalebImankarkMNt;dwg)anc,as;sBVkayy:agenH evTnaTaMg LayekIteLIg)andwg GaRs½yman\®nÞyi TaMg5minvinas eRBaHeday mindak;Fur³ nIvrNFm’ekIteLIgmin)an ehtuenHelakeBalfa eTIb Gaccak;FøHú nUvGtßénesckþsI b¶ ;)andUcmanbT)alIfa ³ etn vuc©ti smtßBa© bdiviCÄtIti. GMBIGtßénBaküfarm¶ab;kaysgçar 3 bnÞab;BmI ankarsikSa karbdibtþi edIm,IkN M t;dgw nUvkayTaMgBYg GMBI PavFm’ EdlekIteLIgkñgú xN³eBl kMBgu GgÁúycMerInPavna Gana)ansSti 200

enH eyaKavcrKb,Irm¶ab;kaysgçar KWrm¶ab;rMlt;xül;dkdegðmI mYy xN³ eTIbdkdegðImecj-cUl dUcmanbT)alIEcgfa ³ - bsSmÖyM kaysgçarM GsSsisSamIti siktç ³i buKÁlsikSafa GatµaGjkalrm¶ab;kaysgçar eTIbdkdegðmI ecj . - bsSmÖyM kaysgçarM bsSsisSamIti sikçti³ buKÁlsikSa fa GatµaGjkalrm¶ab;kaysgçar eTIbdkdegðmI cUl . Baküfa bsSmÖyM kaysgçarM manesckþfI a kaleFVkI aysgçar [s¶b;edayrMlt; b®gáabénkaysgçarenH eBalKWmni dkdegðmI mYy xN³ eRBaHehtuénkar»n karegak karTeRmt karQm karrBa¢yÜ karGnÞHsa karkeRmIk karjab;jr½ énkay edaykaysgçarTaMgLay mannimti nþ vU kamKuNCaedIm eTIbdkdegðmI ecj-dkcUlCaxageRkay . dUecñHkarsikSaGMBkI arkMNt;dgw nUvkayTaMgBYg nigkarrm¶ab;kay sgçar munnwgdkdegðmI ecj-cUl KWCakarsikSabdibtþdi m¾ ansar³sMxan; BMEu mnRtwmdegðImdkecj-dkcUl eyaKavcrKb,IRtUvdwgc,as;b:eu NÑaHeT eRBaHfakalebIkamcän³Þ ekIteLIg ehIyrMlt;mni )an manEtkarrm¶ab; kaysgçarmYyxN³sin KWmni dkdegðmI ecj-cUlmYyxN³ eTIbGac RbmUlcitþraymayenaH[mkeLIgkan; nigRtac;eTAtamGarmµN_KWxül; dkdegðmI ecj-cUlvij)an. ebImansti nigBa£aNminR)akd rvag xül;dkdegðmI ecj nigxül;dkdegðmI cUl k¾Kb,Irm¶ab;kaysgçarmYy 201

xN³ edIm,I[stiectsik vitkáectsiketagyknimti þ KWxül;degðIm ecj-cUl [)anc,as;eLIgvij. bBa¢ak;k; ³ eyaKKavcrKb,IsmÁal;nimti xþ ül;dkdegðImecj-cUl rbs;RtkUl xül;nmI yY ² [b:nu esµI KWk[uM xül;FM-tUc ku[M Evg-xøI xusKñakñgú RtkUl xül;nmI Yy² eTIbnimti þrbs;GarmµN_ ekIteLIgR)akd dl;stirbs;Gkñ ceRmInPavna. kalebIceRmInRtkUlxül;Evg)ansÞat; ebImanR)afña ceRmInxül;xøIbnþ Kb,ImanstikN M t; ku[M xül;dkdegðmI cUl Føak;dl;TI taMgrbs;RtkUlxül;EvgeTot Kb,IecHEtbegçcI xül;dkdegðmI cUlenH mþgbnþci ² tamEdlGacceRmIn)an edayTb;eBaHkuM[ehIb.b:Eu nþkrNIxHø enAeBlcMerInRtkUlxül;T1I )anfñak;bzmCÄan RtkUlxül;EvgenHk¾ ecHEtxøeI TA² edayÉkÉgk¾manEdr . 3

202

CMBUkTI6 TukçnieraFKaminIbdibTa 3

kalebIBMuTan;)ansikSaFm’ EdlRBHsmµasm<úTæ)anRtas;dgw )ansMEdgTukl¥RbéB RtwmRtUvtamsPav³BitenaHeT ebIeyaKavcr manR)afñaGb;rcM eM rInbBaØa minGacsMerc)antamR)afñaeLIy kalebI Gb;rcM eM rInbBaØamin)an karBaJaMgu kiels[rlt;Gs;eTA k¾rMlt;kei ls BM)u anEdr .

GMBIkiels

buKÁlRKb;rUb Edl)anCYbRbTHnUvesckþTI ku eç sak nigeTamnsS eRcInRbkar k¾eRBaHEt)ansnSMkei lskBUnenAkñgú snþan KµanelaH eBlNamYy. citCþ aFmµCatidgw nUvGarmµN_ tampøYÚvEPñk Rtecok RcmuH GNþat kay dUcCaciteþ XIj ehAfackçvú Bi aØaNcitCþ aedIm. ÉGarmµN_ dUcCarU)armµN_CaedIm Cavisy½ eXIjrbs;ckçvú Bi aØaN ebImni manvtßN ú a² RbkbedayrUbmkb:HnwgckçFú atueT ckçvú Bi aØaNFatu eTaHbItaMgenA CamYy rUbFm’kþI ckçvú Bi aØaNciteþ nH k¾mni GacekIteLIg eFIkV iryi aKWkci ©eXIj )anEdr. Ékic©eXIjrUbrbs;cti eþ nH BMEu mnRKan;EteXIjehIy bnÞab; mkciteþ XIjenaH taMgenARtwmEtCa]ebkçaBuM)aneLIy KWcti eþ XIjenaH GaRs½yGMNac\TæBi l rbs;r)U armµN_ k¾taMgcab;epþmI vicRi tEkéxxønÜ [ eTACacitþfañ gM fñak; citsþ b¥ ; citRþ sLaj;CaedImeRcInRbkareTot Edl ehAfa ectsikenaH. 203

kalebIectsiks¥b; ectsikeTamnsSekIteLIg citeþ XIj enaH ElgenAbrisTu Cæ aGBüaktcitþ dUcenAeBlEdl cab;ekIteXIjdMbgU enaH eToteLIy. sMGb;khM gw Büa)aTenH mineFV[I citþmanesckþsI xu RsYl )aneLIyrEmgeFIcV ti [þ esAhµg ekþARkhl;RkhayCanic.© FmµCati NaeFVcI ti [þ ekþARkhl;RkhayesAhµg ElgenACacitbþ risTu dæ cU xag edImmaneQµaHfakiels. BYkbufCu n¢ TaMgLay CaGñkmin)ansikSaRBH Fm’[’ )anyl;c,as;sCIu eRmA rEmgBaJaú gM kiels[kan;EtekItcMerInRkas; eLIg² rhUtedkRtaMenAkñgú Gnøg;Tku ç KµaneBlRsakRsanþ k¾kan;EtKµan »kassikSaEsVgrkehtuplBiteXIj . enAeBlbnÞab;B)I anRtas;dgw RBH smµasm<úT§)andwgc,as;fabufuC¢n EdlRkvl;Rkvay Cab;CMBak; blieBaFEtnwgerOgr:avrbs;vtßúkamkñúgelak rEmgCaGñkRkas;eday kielskam. cMENkbuKÁlEdl)ansikSaFm’vni y½ kñgú RBHBuTsæ asna ekItI bBaØaemIleXIjRbeyaCn_Bti rbs;RBHFm’ eXIjeTasrbs;vtßkú am rEmgminbENþtbeNþaycitþ [ekItrlt;cgP¢ab;eTAnwgvtßkú am tamEt citEþ dlCab;CBM ak;enaHeLIy. kalebImanbBaØayl;dgw GMBeI sckþsI xu EdlR)ascak Gamis elakk¾)ancab;lHnUvkamvitká³ citkþ ¾mni sUvCab;CBM ak;CamYyvtßkú am dUc mun CaehtunaM[kaykmµ vcIkmµ k¾minRbRBwtþy:agEbbBuHkeRB¢al cMeBaHerOgr:avvtßkú amdUcmuneTot enAeBlxøHbuKlÁ BYkenHk¾ngw QaneTA lHkielskam EdlmanenAkñúgsnþan[rlt;eTAvij)anCalMdab; EfmeTotedayRbkan;ykenkçmµ³CaGarmµN_vij . 204

eBlRBHsmµasm<Tú )æ anRtas;dgw qøgtamry³énkarGnuvtþBei saF enAkñgú bdibTa edIm,IEsVgrkesckþsI xu RBHGgÁ)anemIleXIjfa kiels enHman3fñak;K; W ³ 1- vitki má kieá ls³ KWkei lseRKatRKat BaJaú gM cit[þ RtiHriH cMeBaHvtßkú am EdlCaTIR)afñaéRkeBkkþI minCaTIR)afñaéRkeBkkþI kielsenHGac CMrujkaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwtkþ nøgsikçabT RkmsIlFm’ c,ab;vni y½ lkçnkþi ³ bTbBa¢a epSg²)an. 2- briydu aæ nkiels³ KWCakielsfñak;kNþal eRBaH edaysarman stism,CBaØ³ mankuslectnalHvitki má kieá ls)anCabgÁrÜ ehIyeTIb enAeBlbriydu aæ nkielsenHekIteLIg k¾enARtwmfñak;mFüm minrhUt BaJaúM gkaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwtkþ nøgRkmsIlFm’)aneLIy eBalKW menaTuc©rti enHminGacBaJúaMg[kayTuc©rti vcITcu r© itekIteLIg)aneLIy. 3- Gnus½ykiels³ Cakielsfñak;l¥it RtaMenAkñúgsnþan bufuC¢n EdlrEmg)ansnSMkBUnvitki má káei ls eRBaHGaRs½yemah³ maya KWmni GacemIleXIjkielsRbePTenH)aneLIy eRBaHbufCu n¢ sUm,IEt kielseRKatRKat¬vitki ámkáei ls¦ k¾mni dwgfaxønÚ mankielsenHenA kñgú snþanEdr. cMENkbuKlÁ RbkbedaysIlCajaNsm,yutþ ehIy mansmaFiCabEg¥k eTIbCaehtujúagM bBaØa [GacemIleXIjnUvGnusy½ kiels enH)an. 3

205

viFIlHkiels enAeBlEdlRBHsmµasm<úTRæ tas;dgw Fm’TaMgLay eTIbRBHGgÁ RTg;RbkasbnøsW hI nafsMEdgfa Fm’TaMgLayEdlekIteLIgenaHeRBaH manehtubc©y½ mkRbCMu nigtak;Etg eTIbFm’TaMgLayenaHekIteLIg )an ehIyRTg;)ansMEdgTukya:gRtwmRtUv\tel¥ógGMBeI htu nigbc©y½ Edl)anjaMgu [Fm’enaH² ekIteLIgEfmeTotpg. EdlehAfaFm’ TaMgLayekIteLIg KWseM dAeTAelIrUbekIt citeþ kIt ectsikekIteLIg enaHÉg. enAeBlEdlrUbR)akdeLIg rEmgkMNt;famnusSekIt stV ekIt eTvtaekIteLIgCaedIm enHebIEp¥kelIelakevahar. enAeBlEdlviBaØaN citeþ ct sikekItrlt;R)akdeLIg viBaØaN citþ ectsikenH k¾ekItrlt;enAkñgú rUb eTIbmnusS eTvta GaRs½ynUv viBaØaNcitþ namFm’ k¾dgw nUvrUbénxønÜ dwgCIvti EdljMagu rUbkay[taMg enA ehIyemIleXIjR)akddwgc,as;k; N M t;sKM al;)anfa rUbkayenH citKþ nM ti viBaØaNenH menaseBa©tnaenHCaedIm faCatYxnøÜ faCarbs; pgxønÜ rhUtbNþHú snSMsnþanRbkan;st¥i cMeBaHrUbkay cMeBaHcitKþ nM ti fa Carbs;pgxønÜ enaH kan;EtxøagM eLIg² minEdlelaHxan. sUm,I Etvtßkú amTaMgBYg EdlenAeRkArUbénxønÜ Etcitþ ectsikenaH )anetag s¥ti R)afñamaMCab;ehIy k¾bKu lþ TaMgLayRbkan;st¥i mincg;[vtßkú am TaMgLayEdlCaTIR)afña rbs;c; ti éþ nxønÜ [vinasERbRbYl)at;bg;eTA vijEdr . ehtuKWesckþRI )afña tNða esckþRI bkan;maM Rbkan;sti¥ skayTideiæ nHehIy EdlCaEdnCaRbPBénesckþTI uk.ç dUecñHFm’eQµaH 206

faTukeç nH KWCasPav³ EdlstVRTaMRT)anTaMglM)ak ekItR)akdeLIg eRBaH GaRs½yehtu KWtNða ])aTanrYmRbCMCu abc©y½ eBalKWGarmµN_ Cavtßkú am begátI )anCaRbB½n)æ atuPtU FmµCatiTku çrbs; stVelak. citþectsik ekItrlt;eLIg mann½yfa namFm’ekItrlt;eLIg citeþ ctsik Gkusu l b¤kuslekItman enaHmann½yfa namFm’Gkusl bk¤ su l ekItrlt;eLIg. b:Eu nþGkñ Edlmin)ansikSaFm’vni y½ min)andwgfacitEþ dl Cab; CMBak;CamYynwgGarmµN_RbePTenH Caehtunu aM[kuslcitþ ekIteLIg k¾mni )andwgCamun citEþ dlCab;C; BM ak;CamYynwg GarmµN_RbePTenaH CaehtunaM[Gkuslciteþ kIteLIg k¾mni )andwgc,as;Camun. enAeBl Edlkusl b¤Gkuslciteþ kIteLIg k¾mni dwgmYyNaCakusl mYy NaCaGkusl. enAeBlmanstism,CBaØ³dwgfaenHCaTukç Edlman kielsCatiCabJs enAeBlmancitRþ )afñacg;ecj[putBITku ç manR)afña cg;lHkielsenH k¾mindwgnUvmeFüa)ayNamYy EdlGaclH)an cMENkRBHGriy elaksÁal;FmµCatiTaMgenHya:gBitR)akd. bnÞab;BI)anRtas;dgw nUvFm’TaMgLay eTIbRBHsmµasm<úTæ)an sMEdgFm’ eBalKWmeFüa)ay RbB½nFæ mµnyi amlHkielstamlMdab;KW³

1> vitikámkáiels

cMeBaHbuKlÁ EdlmankayTuc©rti vcITcu ©rti menaTuc©rti KWCabuKlÁ Rbkbedayvitki má káei lsenH CabuKlÁ EdleRKatRKat Rkas;eday kielskam CabuKÁlEdlKµansIl. edIm,IGb;rkM ay vaca citþrbs;buKlÁ 207

RbePTenH [ERbkøayeTACabuKu lþ mansIl buKÁlenaHKb,Ibeg¥ankay vacacit[þ gakeTArkGarmµN_bN u ü edIm,IERbkøay[eTACaGñkmancitþ Rbkbeday sIlbrisTu Kæ W³

k> )atiemakçsMvr³

)atiemakçenH KWCaeQµaHsikçabTnImyY ² EdlCaBuTbæ ,BaØtþi sMrab;Gkñ bYskñgú RBHBuTsæ asnasUFü kñgú eBlRbCMusgÇral;knøHExmþg )andl;ski çabTTaMgLay Edl)anEcg enAkñgú RBHBuTsæ asnaeyIgenH . manesckþfI a kalebIbuKlþ manR)afañ lHvitki ámkáielsenH dMbgU Kb,I eron[caM [yl;GBM sI ikçabTnImyY ² EdlxønÜ manR)afñanwgRbtibtþi bnÞab;mk Kb,IsRmbsRmYlsRgYmkayvaca dak;cti Kþ nM ti edIm,Ingw sRmb tamsikçabTnImyY ² EdlmanEcgenAkñgú )atiemakç KWmni RbRBwtþ elµsI knøgBuTb§ ,BaØtiþ KWRbRBwt[þ )anRtwmRtUvtamBuTa§ nuBaØati edaypøvÚ kaykþI edaypøvÚ vacakþ.I

x> \®nÞiysMvr³

\®nÞyi sMvrsIl KWCasI;lbrisTu æ ekItmaneLIg GaRs½ynUvkar sRgYm\®nÞyI _TaMgM 6. BuTbæ risT½ bBVCti EdlkMBgu sRgYmkayvaca RbRBwttþ amKnøgsikaç bT EdlmanenAkñgú )atiemakç edIm,I[sIlkan;Et brisTu pæ Urpg;eLIg² KWBMuEmnenARtwmEtminRbRBwtkþ nøgsikçabTb:ueNÑaH eT KWRtUvsRgYm\®nÞyI _ enAeBlEPñkeXIjrUb RtecokB¤seM Lg RcmuHFMku nøi GNþatCBa¢k;rs kayBal;smösS citdþ gw FmµarmµN_bEnßm eTot eTIbkielsGaceRTameTA)an . eBalKWenAeBleXIjrUb B¤seM Lg FMku nøi CBa¢k;rs dwgsmösS nwkKitFmµarmN µ _ minKb,Ikan; 208

yknUvnimti þ EdlCalkçN³RbusRsIenaHeLIy minsMKal;nvU Gakar³ RkeLkcugEPñk RkeLkedImEPñkrbs;bursRsþIenaHeLIy EdlehA fa GnuBüBa¢n³enaH eRBaHCasPav³eFV[I kielsekIteLIgR)akd . \®nÞyI sMvr³enH KW)andl;karRbugRbytñ½stisµartIkgñú karbiT)aMgkarBar \®nÞyI TaMg6 EdlCaTVarcitþ edIm,IkarBarGarmµN_ min[b:HpÞb; EdlCa sRtUvénsIl min[ekItcitRþ sLaj; s¥b;CaedImeLIg)an.

K> GaCIv)arisuTæisIl

GaCIv)arisTu æi )andl;sIlEdlGacbrisTu æ)an GaRs½ykarrs; enArksIcu Bi a©wmCIvitRtUvtamkarbBaØtTþi ku rbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú æ minRbRBwtþ xusedaykayTVar nigvcITaV r cMeBaHPikçúmni RbRBwtkþ nøgeKalFM²TaMg6 sikaç bT KWeBalGYt]tþrimnusSFmµ1 dwknaMbursRsþ[I )anKñaCabþRI bBnæ 1 eBalGYt]tþrmi nusSFmµmni cMfaxønÜ 1 sUmRbNitePaCneRBaHels famanCm¶rW bs;Pki 1çú Piknçú 1I sUmsmø)ayedIm,IbriePaK1. eKal sikaç bTTaMg6 RTg;bBaØtþ[Pikeçú vor eRBaHCakarciBa©mw CIvti xus Caehtu naM[sIlminGacbrisTu )æ an. Ékar)anlaPGaRs½yeday)abFm’5y:ag k¾Kb,IPki çú RtUvevor KWkhu k1 niyayrak;Tak;1 eRbI])aykleday kayvaca1 eRbIsdM I ekasKavyklaP1 rklaPedayyk laPTak;laP1. cMENkGensn³21 )andl;karEsVgrkminKYr KWCaesckþI R)afñakñúgkarrkciBa©wmCIvitminKYr nigtircäanviC¢a8 suTæEtCamicäaCIv³ EdlGñkmanR)afña[sIlrbs;xnøÜ brisTu § minKb,IRbRBwtkþ nøgeLIy. 209

cMENkbc©y½ brisTu æ karciBa©mw CIvti RtUvenaH KW)anmkBIkaredIr eRtcbiN)Ð at )anmkBIsN M ak;sgÇ KN³ b¤RKhsß EdleKRCHføa edayFmµeTsna karecHsMEdgBuTævcn³ edayeXIjnUvkiriyakMBug bMeBjnUvvtþ nigbdivtþ b¤edayeXIjnUvsm,tþéi n\riyabfl¥CaedIm .

X> bc©½ysnñisSitsIl

)andl;slI EdlekIteLIg GaRs½yedaykarBicarNa cMeBaH karbriePaKeRbIR)as;bc©½y4. bc©y½ snñsiu iStsIlenH Kb,I[sMerc )anGaRs½yGñkR)afñaesckþbI risTu éæ nsIlmanbBaØa eRBaHsIlenH luH RtaEtelaksmaTansIl manR)aCJaeXIjeTas nigeXIjGanisgS kñgú karbriePaK nigkareRbIR)as;;bc©y½ 4edayCak;c,as; eTIbelak lHbg;nvU esckþQ I kø ;vegVg Q¶yú q¶aj;kgñú bc©y½ TaMg4 elakGnuvtþ nUvkarBicarNatamviFI EdlGñkR)aCJ)aneroberogTuk swmbriePaK eRbI R)as;CaeRkay. eXIjfakarsmaTansIl edaynUvkarsRgYmTaMg4 RbkarenH GacCMrH)anRtwmEtkielsfñak;;eRKatRKatb:eu NÑaH maneQµaHfabuKÁl mansIlenH k¾sgw GaRs½yGñksmaTanmanvtþ nigbdivtþy:aghµt;ct; RtwmRtUvtamBuTæb,BaØtpþi g nigBuTaæ nuBaØatipg. enHKWCaFm’RbB½n)æ atuPtU citnþ yi am kñgú karlHkielskamfñak;dMbgU EdlmaneQµaHehAfa tTgÁb,han KW)andl;meFüa)aylHkiels eTAtamGMNacénGgÁ nImyY ² kñgú GgÁTaMg4xagelI EdlnaM[sMerc)anRtwmfñak;clu sø Il b:eu NÑaH. 210

2> briyudæankiels

briydu aæ nkielsenH KWCakielsfñak;kNþal CakielsEdl mankmøagM exSaycuH minGacCMrju [RbRBwtkþ nøg Tuc©rti )an eRBaHkiels enHRtUv)antaMgeLIgCMvu ji sáaá t;saÞ k; edaymnsikar nigsIlminGac BaJaú gM kaykmµ vcIkmµRbkbeTAedayeTas[RbRBwteþ LIg)an . buKlÁ Gacsgát;sgáni briydu æankiels)an kñgú xN³eBlEdleyaKavcr júagM GgÁQancitþ edIm,Ismøgw rMBgw tammenaTVarcMeBaHGarmµN_NamYy kñgú GarmµN_TaMg40 rbs;smfkmµdaæ n rhUtsmaFicti eþ kIt eLIgeTA tamfñak;énQancitnþ mI yY ². briydu aæ nkielsenH maneRcInRbkar EtGñkR)aCJ)an rYbrYmTuk mannIvrNFm’5 EdlCasRtUvrbs;GgÁQan.

nIvrNFm’TaMg5 enaHKW ³

- kamcän³Þ KWesckþRI )afña esckþeI RtkRtGalnwkKiteTArk vtßkú am mankamKuN u TaMg5CaedIm. eyaKavcrEdlkMBgu pÁgcitþ sMLgw eTArk GarmµN_Cakmµdaæ nNamYy b:Eu nþmni eXIjGarmµN_enaHenAkñgú menaTVar EbrCaeXIjehtukarN_nmi ti eþ pSg² Tak;Tgdl;e; rOgra:vvtßkú amvij Caehtu naM[eyaKavcr minGacjúagM GgÁQancitþ [pÁgetagsmfkmµdaæ n)an smaFicti þ k¾ekIteLIgmin)an. - Büa)aT³ KWesckþIcgKMnMuKMuKYn esckþIxwg esckþIfñaMgfñak; éncitþ EdlkMBgu beg¥aneTArkGarmµN_ CacitRþ bTUscþ eM BaH GarmµN_. kalebI eyaKavcr kMBgu Gg¥yú EBnEPñn sMLgw kmµdaæ ntammenaTVar ehIyman citþBüa)aTenHekIteLIg )anCasRtUvdl;bIti EdlCaGgÁQanjúaMg 211

cit[þ rIkray citeþ BjEq¥tcMeBaHsmfGarmµN_NamYyenaH k¾ekIt eLIgmin)an. - fInmiT³æ esckþIrjY ra esckþGI l;EGk egakguyCaehtujaúgM cit[þ etagGarmµN_mni )anl¥ CasRtUvdl;;vti ká³ EdlCaGgÁ rbs;Qancitþ sMrab;nkw Kitcgcit[þ Cab;ceM BaHGarmµN_ EdlkMBgu sMLgw kal fInmiT³æ enHekIteLIg esckþRI tiHriHnwkKit eBalKWvti ká³k¾rlt;)at; eTAstirlt; kayegakFøak;kcitrþ kklcuHkan;PvgÁ. - ]Tæck© ku cáú ³© esckþIrevIrvay GENþtGN¥gÚ raymayGnÞHGEnÞg rsab;rsl; kñgú eBlsMLwgGarmµN_ CasRtUvdl;esckþsI xu EdlCaGgÁ rbs;Qancitþ sMrab;eFV[I citsþ ¶b;ekIteLIg kñgú eBleyaKavcrkMBgu Gb;rM cMerInQancitþ . - vicki ci aä ³ esckþsI gS½y esckþmI ni R)akd citþmni dac;eRsccMeBaH GarmµN_EdlkMBgu sMLgw eRBaHehtuemIlmineXIjRbeyaCn_Bti rbs; QansmabtþCi aedIm . kalebIeyaKavcrkMBgu GgÁyú sMLgw RBHkmµdaæ n vicki ci aä ekIteLIg )anCasRtUvdl;vci ar³² CaGgÁrbs;Qancitþ sMrab; BicarNa b¤Rtac;tamGarmµN_ k¾ekIteLIgBM)u an . kalebIeyaKavcr mansTæaeCOc,as;ceM BaHRbeyaCn_Bti man BüayamtaMgmaMkgñú karcMerInPavnaCaRbRktI citkþ n¾ gw sßti enAkñgú GgÁ QanedayRbéB briydu aæ nkiels eBalKWnvI rNFm’TaMg5enH nwgvinas Gs;eTA )aneQµaHfa vikçmnÖ b,hanFm’ EdlCakarlHkiels GaRs½y eyaKavcrBüayamsgát;kei ls tamviFIjaugM GgÁQanTaMg5 tRmg; eq<aHeTArkkmµdaæ nNamYy k¾ngw R)akdeLIg CaehtunaM[sMerc)annUv fñak;mCÄimsIledayBit. 212

3> Gnus½ykiels

GaRs½yeyaKavcr manesckþBI üayam Gb;rcM eM rInPavna mha kusljaNsm,yutþ [ERbkøayeTACaQancitþ sMerc)antamlMdab; fñak;énmhKÁtcit¬þ rU)avcr-GrU)avcrcit¦þ briydu aæ nkiels k¾RsutcuH EtminTan;cat;TukfalHkielsGs; sUnüCasmuecäT)anenAeLIy kiels FaturEmgmansl;sm¶M enAkñgú snþanehAfa Gnusy½ kiels. Gnusy½ kielsenH enAeBlmanehtubc©y½ mkp©gú epþmI minRtUvTMng k¾Gnusy½ kielsenH ekIteLIgmin)an b:Eu nþebIenAeBlNamanbc©y½ mktak;Etg RtUvTMngk¾Kg;keM rIkeLIg)anmYydgmYykalEdr. Gnus½ykielsEdlkMerIkeLIgenH GaRs½ymanbBaØa cas;kaø eTIb dwg)an ebIminTan;Gb;rcM MerInbBaØa[)anbribUrN_eT k¾ngw GacmankarvegVg Pan;RcLMeRtkGrfa kielsrbs;xøÜnrIgs¶tÜ ehIy. esckþRI bkan;EbbenH k¾CatNðaTidæimanH eRBaHekItesckþyI l;eXIjfaxøÜn faeK faÉgmYy RbePTeTot EdleyaKavcrKb,IcMerInbBaØa tamvibsSnaviFbI nþeTAeTot.

GMBIcitþ nigGarmµN_ sUmbBa¢ak;eLIgvijfa eyaKavcrEdlsikSaFm’vni ½y kñgú RBH BuTs§ asna R)afñalHkiels EdlCaRbPB CaEdnekIténesckþTI ku ç Kb,Iski Sa[)anc,as; rvagcitþ nigGarmµN_.

GMBIcti þ

citCþ anamFm’ekItmaneLIg eRBaHGaRs½ymanviBaØaNCasmudaæ n. viBaØaNCaFatusakl eRBaHmanenARKb;TsI aß n énPBEdlmanmhaPUt 213

rUb4RbCMcu Hu . GtßPi aBénviBaØaNenH eRbob)aneTAnwgc,ab;TnM ajEpndI eRBaHGaRs½yFaturbs; EpndImanRbtikmµ manclna . rIÉviBaØaNkal ebImhaPUtrUb4 KWFatudI Twk ePøgI xül; nigGakasFatumkRbCMcu Hu )anCasmasFatuTaMg5 rEmgtak;EtgEkéxxønÜ Ég[ ERbkøay eTACa rUbkçnEæ bøk²enAkñgú elak . enAeBlEdlFatu TaMg5kMBgu EkéxxønÜ [ERbkøayeTACarUbFm’epSg² FatuTaMg5 enHhak;bdI cU begátI )annUvviBaØaN FatumyY eTot edayÉkÉgkñgú eBlCamYyKñaenaH. enAeBlEdlrUbFm’rbs;stVekIteLIg viBaØaNk¾ekItmanRBm taMgenACamYyrUbFm’ eTIb)aneQµaHfanamrUb. rUbCaFmµCati Edl emIleXIjBal;RtUv kalebItaMgenACamYyKña rEmgmankarb:HTgÁci Bal;RtUvKñaeTAvijeTAmkCaFmµta eTIbcitþ b¤namEdltaMgenACamYyrUb rEmgdwg)annUvkarb:HpÞb;enaH. citþ b¤namEdldwg b¤esaynUvkarb:H pÞb;enaHehAfa evTna . citþ b¤namdwgnUvGarmµN_dbM gU bMptu enaH KW tYevTna enHÉg. karb:HpÞb;rvagrUbxagkñgú nwgrUbxagkñgú ekIttYevTna karb:HpÞb; rUbxagkñgú nwgrUbxageRkA k¾ekIttYevTnaeLIgdUcKña. dUecñHcitEþ dl mantYevTnaCaGñkdwg b¤esaynUvGarmµN_enaH eRkayBIcitþdwg b¤ esayrsrbs;GarmµN_rcY ehIy citeþ nHrEmgvicRi txønÜ Ég [ERbkøay eTACacitEþ bøk² eRcInRbkareTotmanGaRkk; manl¥ EdlmaneQµaH ehAfa ectsikenaH. viBaØaN citþ nam evTna BMEu mnCarUbFm’ Bal;minRtUvb:Eu nþCa FmµCatimanBit kñgú kardwg b¤esayrsrbs;rbU Fm’. viBaØaN citþ nam evTnaenH BMTu an;cat;Tku CatY bBaØa)anenAeLIyeT eTIbenAeBlviBaØaN citnþ am evTnaesaydwgrsrbs;rbU ehIy k¾vci Ri txøÜn[ERbkøay eTACa 214

citRþ bePT l¥ b¤GaRkk; k¾cti eþ nHmin)andwgCamun eTaHbIcti Rþ bePTl¥ b¤GaRkk;)an nigkMBgu ekIteLIgk¾eday.

GMBIGarmµN_

GarmµN_TaMgLaysuTEæ tCarUbFm’ BMEu mnCanamFm’eT. mnusS ekIteLIgBIrUbFm’ ehIytaMgenARtg;rUbFm’enH BMEu mntaMgenAeRkAcak putBIrbU Fm’)aneLIy . dUecñHkarb:HpÞb;rvagrUbFm’ nwgrUbFm’mni GaceKcput CaehtunaM[citþ ectsik ekItrlt;eLIgCaFmµta. viBaØaN citþ nam evTnaekIteLIg GaRs½ymanmhaPUtrUb4 nigGakasFatuRbCMtu ak;Etg k¾rEmgekItmanGtißPataMgenARtg;rUbkçnæ rbs;mnusS stV eTvta b¤fa mhaPUtrUb4 GakasFatuRbCMcu Hu manenATINa viBaØaNrEmgGacbdisnæci Hu taMgenATIenaH)an . kusl citþ Gkuslcitþ BMEu mnCaFmµCatiekIteLIgedayÉkÉgenaHeT KWGaRs½y manehtu manbc©y½u tak;Etgy:agBitR)akd eTIbekItrlt;eLIg)an . ÉkarRtas;dgw nUvFm’TaMgLayrbs;RBHBuTæ KWenARtg;RBHGgÁ)andwgc,as; fa kuslcitþ b¤Gkuslcitþ EdlkMBgu ekIt rlt;eLIg GaRs½ymanehtu manRbPBCaEdnekIt eTIbekIteLIg)an eBal KWkarb:HpÞb;rvagrUbFm’ngw rUbFm’enaHCaedImcm. enAeBlEdlrUbFm’b:HpÞb;ngw rUbFm’ citdþ gw b¤esaynUvrs rbs;rbU Fm’ ehIycMNaMnvU rsrbs;rUbFm’ citEþ dlekIt rlt;bnþbnÞab; k¾etagCab; beg¥anCab;eTArkrUbFm’ Edl)an esaydwgrsehIyenaHBMEu dldac;. rUbFm’Edlcitþ evTna )anesay dwgrs ehIyenaHmaneQµaHfaGarmµN_.GarmµN_ CacMNrI bs;cti þman eRcInRbkar KWvtßú smÖar³eRbIR)as; TIsßan stV buKÁlrYmmkenARtwm GarmµN_5 manrU)armµN_CaedIm . 215

dUecñHGkuslcitþ kuslciteþ kIteLIg KWCacitnþ yi ammYyRbePT EdlGacRbRBwteþ TA)an GaRs½yedaysarmanGarmµN_ CarUbFm’xag kñgú nigxagkñgú b:HpÞb;Kañ b¤GaRs½ymanGarmµN_ CarUbFm’xagkñgú nigxageRkAb:HpÞb;Kañ Cabc©y½ . ebIGarmµN_CarUbFm’enaH CaRbePTvtßú kam k¾)anCabc©y½ p©gú epþmI Ekéxcitþ Cakielskam [ekIteLIgBMEu dl xan . ebIGarmµN_enaHCabuBaØkri yi avtß1ú 0 Cactub,arisTu æisIl k¾rEmg )anCabc©y½ Ekéxcitþ ectsikGkuslenaH [ERbkøayeTACacitþ RbkbedaysIlvij . ebIGarmµN_EdleyaKavcr kMBgu beg¥aneTArk sMLgw rMBgw tammenaTVarCaerOy² CaGarmµN_rbs;kmµdaæ n citsþ ¶b; fñak;CarU)avcrcitþ b¤GrU)avcrcitþ k¾rEmgekItrlt;eLIg . ebIGarmµN_ EdleyaKavcrkMBugsMLgw nigBicarNaCaerOy² CaehtunaM[ekIt bBaØa manplanisgS GacemIleXIjfarUbFm’ nignamFm’ekItrlt; eLIg eRBaHGaRs½ymanehtubc©½yGVI ehIyrhUtGacsMKal;)anfa rUbFm’ namFm’enH rEmgRbRBwteþ TACab;CamYynwglkçN³3 KWGnic©M TukMç Gntþay:agBit enHkMNt;)anfa kuslcitþfñak;bBaØaelakutþr³ cab;ekIteLIgehIy. ÉniBaV nCaFmµCatisnU üR)ascakGarmµN_ TaMg kamarmµN_ TaMgsmfarmµN_ eTIbmaneQµaHfa Gnimtþitaþ ecetavimtu þi .

smfkmµdæan vibsSnakmµdæan CakmøaMgrbs;vibsSnajaN

smfkmµdaæ n nigvibsSnakmµdaæ n GacjúagM [vibsSnajaN ekItmankmøaMgekøóvkøa)an k¾GaRs½yehtumaneBaFibkçiyFm’CaCMnYy 216

rYmman7Rkum kñgú enaHstibdæan4 KWCaFmµnyi amsMrab;lHkiels d¾mansarsMxan;. -smfkmµdaæ n ³ RbRBwteþ TAedaynUvkiryi ajúagM kamavcrcitþ Camha kusljaNsm,yutþ [beg¥ansMLwg ehIyrMBwg cMeBaHGarmµN_ Casmf³NamYyY rhUtcitCþ amhakuslRbkbedayjaNsm,yuteþ nH cuHs‘b;ENn nigtaMgmaM)anl¥ceM BaH EtGarmµN_myY enaH . GanisgS rbs;smfPavna nwg)ansMercnUvecetavimtu þi lH)anfñak;briydu aæ n kiels CacitþrYcRsLH cakkarRbkan;maM Rbkan;s¥itcMeBaHvtßúkam. enAeBlrUbkayEbkFøayFatu plcitþenHenAeBlcuticakrUbFm’cas; nwgbdisnæki gñú RBhµelak. - vibsSnakmµdæan³ n³ RbRBwtþeTAedaynUvkiriya júaMgmhakuslCa jaNsm,yut þRbkbedaysmaFicitþenH beg¥anrMBwg BicarNa GarmµN_Cabrmtß KWrbU Fm’ nignamFm’Edl)an nigkMBugekItrlt;eLIg enAkñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ rhUtekItbBaØa eXIjc,as;GBM eI htubc©y½ Edl)an tak;EtgEkéx [RbePTnamFm’nmI yY ² nigrUbFm’ekItrlt;eLIg. sUm,IfamanGarmµN_6rbs;vbi sSnakmµdaæ n KWxnæ5 Gaytn³12 Fatu18 \®nÞyI _22 Griysc©4 bdic©smub,aT12 k¾rbY rYmenARtwm namFm’ nigrUbFm’enH. kalebIBni ti üBicarNa ravrkeXIjehtubc©y½ EdlnaM[nam Fm’rbU Fm’ekItmanGtßPi aB vibsSnakmµdaæ nKb,Ibeg¥ancitþ [tamdan rlwkGMBrI bU Fm’ nignamFm’ Edl)anekIteLIg ehIyenaHfa mankar RbRBwtyþ :agNa namFm’ nigrUbFm’enaH mansPaB niglkçN³GVxI Hø EdlKb,IsKM al;)an cMNaM)aneTAtamPav³Bitrbs;nam nigrUbenH. 217

vibsSnakmµdaæ n EdlmankarRbRBwteþ TAy:agenH KWedIm,IGb;rM vibsSnajaN [ekIteLIg sMKal;namFm’ nigrUbFm’ tamEbbCa brmtßb,BaØtviþ ji eTAtamsPav³Bit edayBüayamlHesckþsI KM al; faxønÜ farbs;pgxønÜ faGj eK ÉgRbusRsIecal eRBaHesckþIsKM al;Ebb enH KWCakarsMMKal;tamEbbsmµtbi ,BaØtCþi askáayTidæi EdlekItrlt;eLIg GaRs½yviBaØaN citþ namb:HpÞb;CamYyGarmµN_ k¾cab;esayrsrbs; GarmµN__eTAtamEtTMenIgéntNða])aTan R)ascakputbBaØaviessenH. GanisgSrbs;vibsSnakmµdaæ n naM[ekItbBaØa dwgc,as;GBM I ehtuEdlCaRbPB CaEdnekItrbs;namFm’ nigrUbFm’. bBaØadwg sPav³Bitrbs;xn§Fatu ehtubc©y½ énkarekIt nigkarrlt;rbs;namFm’ rUb Fm’enH eTIbGacrMlt;kei ls)antamlMdab;fañ k;taMgBIelakiy³rhUtdl; elakutrþ ³ ehIymanEtkarcMerInGb;rM [ekItvibsSnajaNenHeT eTIbGac dwg)anfamankielsRbePTNaxøH enARKbsgát;citþ² minTan;s¥at pUrpg;. meFüa)ayénkarGb;rcM eM rInvibsSnajaNenH Kb,IGb;rcM eM rIn tamGriymKÁmanGgÁ8 . dMbUgGgÁmKÁ5eFVIkarrYmKñaenAkñúg»kas EtmYyY énkarbdibtþvi bi sSnakmµdaæ nmYyelIk² . CaviFcI ab;epþmI Kb,IjúaMgsti rlwkGMBIrUbkayenH [RbRBwtþeTARbkbedayesckþI Büayam[)anCaRbcaM rhUtcitcþ Hu s‘b;ENncMeBaHsPavFm’NamYy)an fñak;CasmaFinmi ti þ eRBaHlHGs;eTAnUvkamcän³Þ . 218

smµastiRbkbRBmedaysmµavayam³ smµasmµaFiepþatCab;Ca RbcaMceM BaHsPavFm’TaMgLay EdlkMBgu R)akd tampøvÚ EPñk Rtecot RcmuH GNþat kay citþ rhUtcitþ EdlkMBgu taMgrlwk køayeTACa smaFinmi ti þ eRBaHciteþ naH ElgblieBaFCab;CBM ak;ngw erOgra:vvtßkú am eTot . bnÞab;mkeyaKavcr Kb,Ijaú gM smµasgáb,³ [cab;epþImsegát BicarNa GMBrI UbkayenH tamlkçN³Edlrlwk)an . dMbgU smµasgáb,³enaHKb,IRtiHriHBicarNa edaybeg¥ancitsþ KM al;rbU kay enHfaCa Fatuvij GaRs½yrUbkaytak;EtgekIteLIgBImhaPUtrUb4 nigKb,I sMKal;fa rUbFm’enHCaTIRCkenArbs;namFm’. smµasgáb,³RbRBwteþ TA Rbkbedaysmµavayam³ smµasmaFi smµasti rhUtRtiHriHeXIjc,as;farUbkayenH KWCarUbFm’Bti )anesckþI fasmµaTidæi KWkaryl;RtUvcab;ekItmanehIy. kalebIsmµaTidæCi aTidvæi i suTe§i mIleXIjRtUv yl;RtUvcMeBaHkarekIteLIg karRbRBwtþeTAkarrlt; cuHrbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’ tamsPav³lkçN³BitevlaNa kgçavitrN visTu ei§ BalKWesckþbI risTu é§ nkareXIj Edlknøgbg;esckþsI gS½yk¾ekIt maneLIg virtiectsik3dYg KWsmµavaca1 smµakmµn1þ smµaGaCIv³1 rEmgekIteLIgR)akddl;snþanrbs;eyaKavcr BMEu dlxan pøvÚ GriymKÁ nwgebIkRBm . enAeBlEdlplénkarbdibtþti amGriymKÁekIteLIg )aneQµaHehAfamKÁamKÁBaØaNTsSnvisTu §i KWkarekIteLIgesckþbI risTu § énkareXIjfa enHCapøvÚ eTArkesckþIsxu Bit ÉenaHminEmnCapøvÚ . R)aCJa eXIjc,as;nvU pøvÚ EdlRtUvRbtibtþei hAfa bdibTajaNTsSnvisTu .i§ 219

enAeBleyaKavcr)anRbRBwtþ nUvvtþ nigbdivtþtamGriymKÁenHeday eTogTat;ehIy R)aCJaeXIjc,as;nvU rUbFm’ nignamFm’eTAtamlkçN³ nigsPaBBit )aneQµaHehAfa jaNTsSnvisTu §i k¾ekItmaneLIg júagM esckþsI KM al; stV buKÁl xønÚÜ R)aN kay eK Ég eyIg Gjknøg mkfaCarbs;xnøÜ [rlt;eTA )aneQµaHfa Tidvæi si uTe§i BalKW karyl; eXIj emIleXIj edaybrisTu § nUvehtu nigbc©y½ knøgbg;nvU esckþI sgS½y CaehtunaM[ kgçavitrN visTu §i k¾ekItmaneLIg.

eBaFibkçy i Fm’7kgCaCMnYy kmøaMg[vibsSnajaN 1> stib,dæan4 eKaledArbs;stib,dæanTaMg4Rbkar KWkartaMgsmµastirlwkkay evTna citþ Fm’ Edlknøgmkmankarrlwkdwg tamEbbsmµtib,BaØtþi [ERbkøayeTACabrmtßb,BaØt1iþ jaugM smµasgáb,Rbkbedaymhakusl jaNsm,yutþ nigsmµasmaFiRtiHriHBicarNaGMBI ehtubc©y½ énkarekIt nigkarrlt; rbs;brmtßFm’ eBalKWrUbFm’namFm’[ eXIjeTAtam sPav³Bit EdlCakarGb;rMcMerInsmµaTidiæ edIm,IlHskáayTidiæ1. vtþbdibtþri bs;GriymKÁmanGgÁ8 edIm,IEsVgrkesckþsI xu Bit KWdMbUg eLIyRtUvcab;epþImGb;rMcMerInstibdæan4enHÉg enAkñúgCIvti RbcaMéf¶. GviCa¢ elaP³ GkuslTaMgLay naM[bufCu n¢ BMGu ac manstirlwk)an BMuGaccab;pÁgkarRtiHriHravrkGMBIsPav³ niglkçN³ Bitrbs; 220

)atuPtU TaMgLayenAkñgú xN³eBlEdlrUbFm’ngi namFm’kBM gu ekItrlt; kMBgu RbRBwteþ TAenAkñgú CIvitRbcaMéf¶)aneLIy. dUecñHkarsikSa RBHFm’ KWenARtg;kartaMgsmµasti Rbkbedaysmµavayam³ smµasgáb,³ BicarNaravrkehtu rkbJsKl;rbs;esckþIsxu Tukç ravrkbc©y½ EdlCa FmµCatitak;Etgp©gú epþmI [sux-Tukeç kItR)akdeLIg edIm,IQaneTAlH ehtubc©y½ EdlnaM[tNða])aTanekIteLIgenaH.

kayanubsSnastibdæan dMbgU eLIysmµasti BMGu acrlwkBicarNaeXIjGMBI tYkayenH [emIleXIjenARtg;CarUbFm’ namFm’fa CabrmtßFm’)anPøam² enaHeT . )atuPUténkarekIteLIg nigkartaMgenArbs;kayrYmman Fatu4 bc©y½ 4 Gakar³32 karERbRbYlkayBIekµgeTAcas; BIsxu eTATukç tamry³kaysmösS BIsuxRsYleTAQWcab;ekþApSaesckþI Rbkan;faCarbs;xnøÜ esckþRI bkan;faeTog karsMGti sMGag s¥at b¤mni s¥at sm b¤mni sm karsMKal;RTg;RTayCaedIm . kñgú cMeNam )atuPtU TaMgLayenH eyaKavcrGaceRCIserIsyk)atuPtU NamYymk rlwkeTAtamkarEdl)anCab;CBM ak;CageK eRBaHKb,Idgw fakiels Edl duteralkMedAkay [ekþARkhl;Rkhay k¾GaRs½ycit)þ anCab;CBM ak; eTAnwg)atuPtU enaH²eRcInCageKEdr . ]TahN_enAeBlrlwkeXIjkay manmuxCaMexµA cuHsÁm Es,kRCIvRCYj kaymansPaBQWpSa cas;RKaMRKa Kb,IRtUvrlwk[eXIjkiels Edl)anjaMjkI gñú kalknøgenaHfabc©bú ,nñ 221

nigeTAGnaKt k¾ngw ya:gdUecñHEdr . smµasgáb,³Edl kMBgu RtiHriH BicarNanUvkarrlwkeXIjGMBkI arERbRbYlrbs;rbU kayknøgmk b¤kBM gu R)akdeLIgkþI KWenARtg;EsVgrkehtu EsVgrkbc©y½ CaRbPB CabJsKl; EdlnaM[)atuPtU karERbRbYlrbs;kayekIteLIg . )atuPtU ERbRbYl rbs;kayenH rEmgBak;Bn§d½ l;ehtu2Rbkar KWFatu1 cit1þ . mhaPUt rUb4 bc©y½ 4 Gakar³32 Edl)anRbCutM ak;Etg [kayekIteLIg [kaytaMgenA nigRbRBwteþ TAmaneQµaHtamEbbbrmtßb,BaØtfiþ a CarUb Fm’ . dUecñHRbsinebIenAeBlsmµasti rlwkeXIjenARtg;Fatuy:agenH karRtiHriHravrkehturbs;)atuPtU Edl)an b¤kBM gu ekItman tampøvÚ kay enH RtUvRtiHriH[eXIjsPav³Bitrbs;rbU Fm’KWmhaPUtrUb4vij. Rbsin ebICastirlwkeXIjenARtg;])aTankçn§ EdlCaFmµCatiRbkan;maMRb kan;st¥i manH Tidciæ eM BaHtYxnøÜ Kb,IRtiHriHBicarNaravrkehtuEdlnaM [])aTankçn§ enaHekIteLIgedaypSarP¢ab;EGbeTArkxagnamFm’vji . eKaledAénkarrlwk nigkarRtiHriHGMB)I atuPtU rbs;kay eday P¢ab;karRtiHriHeTAelIFatu KWedIm,IERbkøaykarRtiHriHtamEbbkamvitká³ fa rUbkayCarbs;xønÜ EdlCaskáayTidæi [eTACakarRtiHriHBicarNa eXIjfa rUbkayenHtak;EtgBImhaPUtrUb4vij EdlCaemFaturEmg mankñgú elak . karRtiHriHGMBFI atuenH Kb,IkN M t;[)andwgfa emFatu TaMg4 rEmgmankarERbRbYl GaRs½yedayGakasFatuekþARtCak; mankarERbRbYl . ebIkarrlwkenARtg;srIragÁNamYyk¾Kb,IRtUvRtiHriH nUvsrIragÁ Edl)anrlwkeXIjenaH [enARtwmEtCaFatuEdltak;Etg 222

)anehIy edaykMNt;sMKal;Fatuu énGakar³ enaH²fa Cavtßbú diklU vij b¤myY segátBicarNaGMBIrUbkay EdlEbkFøaymansPaBy:agNa kayrbs; GatµaGj k¾nwgkøayeTACay:agdUecñHEdr . kalsmµaTidæi ekIteLIgy:agenH skáayTidæi ])aTankÐnk§ n¾ gw lH)anCaxN³²GaRs½y edaykarceRmIn kayanubsSnastib,dæanenH . karrlwk nigkarRtiHriHGMB)I atuPtU EdlrEmgekIteLIg rbs; kayenH KWedIm,Iravrkehtu kalebIRtiHriHravrkeXIjehtu eTIbgayrk viFIrlM t;ehtu . CMhandMbgU eyaKavcrBMTu an;GacmansmtßPaBRtiHriH rkehtutampøvÚ RBHFm’)aneXIjPøam²enaHeT Kb,IRtUvecHsegátemIl GMBkI arERbRbUlFatuekþA RtCak;rbs;kay lkçN³)atuPtU sBaØaN Edl)anekIteLIg RtUvkt;sKM al;[)an RtiHriHBicarNa edIm,IpSMpÁMúFatu EdlERbRbYlenaH [eTACaRbRktIvji edayviFeI RbIR)as;bc©y½ 4 Ca sMxan; . b:Eu nþenHRKan;EtCaviFrI lM t;T; ku eç vTna tampøvÚ kayCabeNþaHGasnñ b:eu NÑaH BMGu acrkesckIsþ uxBiteXIj)aneLIy. cMENkkarRtiHriHBicarNaravrkdMeNaHRsayBit KWenARtg;Rbsin ebIrlwk)annUv)atuPtU ekIteLIgkñgú rUbkayenARtg;bBaðaNa Kb,IepþmI RtiHriHBicarNaGMBbI Baða Edl)anekIteLIg b¤kBM ugR)akdeLIgenaHfa enHCaRkitüRkmrbs;rUbFm’xagkñúgkþI xageRkAkþI rEmgmankar ERbRbYly:agenH ehIyKb,ItaMgstism,CBaØ³ sRmbsRmYl TTYlyksPav³BitTaMgenaH edayGb;rcM ti [þ beNþaytamkarvicRi t rbs;)atuPtU enaH² kMKu b,IRbqaMgCMTas;eLIy eRBaHRtUvdwgfaCa)atuPtU EdlrUbFm’ rEmgRbRBwtEþ bbenH minGaceKcput hYsvisy½ énGMNac rbs;citþRKb;RKg eRBaHCaGntþaFm’enaH . mü:ageTotsmµastiKb,I 223

rlwkkayenH enARtg;degImð dkecj-cUlEvgxøI dwg[R)akdrhUtsmµa smaFiekIteLIgxN³Na nIvrN³Fm’kr¾ lt;Gs;eTAxN³enaH . kayanubsSnastibdæan EdlmankarRbRBwteþ TACaerOy²tam dMeNIrTaMgGs;enH nwgGacrMgab;kiels min[ekIteLIg dutkMedAcitþ Tukeç eTamnsSevTnatampøvÚ kay k¾Gacbn§rÚ bnßy)anmYykMrwt ])aTan cMeBaHrUbkay EdlehAfaskáayTideæi naH k¾ngw lH)an Cabc©y½ naM [smµaTidæi k¾ekItmaneLIg . kalebImKÁGgþ5ekItya:genH)anehIy virtiectsik3 KWsmµavacaectsik1 smµakmµneþ ctsik1 smµaGaCIv ectsik1 rEmgekIteLIgCaxN³² )anCaGgÁGriymKÁTaMg8 bnÞab;mk elakutrþ mKÁ nwgekIteLIgkñgú menaTVar bnÞab;B]I ebkçataMgs‘b; EdlCa sgçaruebkçajaNrlt;cHu .

evTnanubsSnastibdæan

kayanubsSnastib,dæan KWmaneKaledAGb;rcM eM rInbBaØa edIm,I bEgVrkaryl;xuscat;Tku rUbkayb¤kamKuNTaMg5fa Carbs;xnÜø EdlehA faskáayTideæi naH [eTACasmµaTidvæi ij edayeFIVTukkñúgcitþfa rUb kayenH RtwmCamhaPUtrUb4 CaTIRbCMuénvtßúmins¥at CadegðIm xül;ecj-cUl RbRBwtþeTARBmCamYyKñamindac; . ÉrUbkayenH rEmgCaTIGaRs½yenArbs;namkay rYmmanpsS³evTna sBaØa ectna mnsikar b¤ehAfanamFm’ b¤faCacitsþ gçarya:genHk¾)an. FmµtacitþtaMg enARtg;rbU kayNa buKÁlEtgsMKal;farUbkayenaH Carbs;pgxønÜ Éciteþ naHk¾sKM al;cN M aMfa Cacitrþ bs;xønÚÜ Edr . eTIbbuKlÁ k¾taMgsMKal; bBa©knç f§ a Carbs;xønÜ cMENkÉFmµCati EdlCabc©y½ naM[citeþ kIt 224

eLIg edaysarpsS³rvagGarmµN_ngw Gaytn³ EdlCarUbkayenaH KW buKÁlBM)u anBicarNaeXIjeLIy .eTIbGñkEdlmin)ansikSaFm’ sMKal; rUbkay b¤cti fþ aRtwmEtCarbs;xnøÜ ²b:eu NÑaH Tukeç TamnsS k¾rEmgekIteLIg eRBaHkarRbkan;hgY EhgrebobenH . evTnaCaFmµCatiesay dwgrsrbs;GarmµN_ eRBaHGaRs½yman karb:HpÞb;rvagGarmµN_ngwi rUbkayenARtg;TaV r6 . smösS b¤karb:HpÞb; man2Rbkar KWsmösSTn; nigsmösSrwg . smösSTn; KWCakarb:HpÞb; rvagrUbFm’xageRkA dUcCasMeLgb:HpÞb;CamYynwgGaytn³xagkñúg KW Rtecok . ÉsmösSrwg KWCakarb:HTgÁci rvagrUbFm’xageRkACamhaPUt rUb4 dUcCakarTHtb;enARtg;Gaytn³xagkñgú KWkay. smösSTn;RsalRsYl kalebIb:HpÞb;ngw rUbkay evTnaesay dwgrsRsYl BieraH q¶aj;Bsi a k¾sKM al;)anfa suxRsYlekIteLIg Cabc©y½ naM[esamnsSevTna k¾ekIteLIgR)akdEdr . cMENksmösSrwg kalebImkb:HTgÁciu nwgrUbkay kan;EtxøagM eLIgeBlNa evTnaesaydwgrsfa QWcku cab;eBItpSa k¾kan;EtxøagM Cabc©y½ naM[eTamnsSevTna k¾ekItR)akdeLIg. dUecñHeXIjfasuxu evTna nigTukeç vTnaenH EdlCaehtunaM[kielsekIteLIg esckþI Tukeç TamnsSeRcInRbkarekIteLIg KWGaRs½yevTna1 yevTna1 GarmµN1_ kar yevTna bHpÞ :HpÞb1; CaerOy²enH KW)atuPtU TaMg3RbkarenH eyaKavcrKb,Iykcitþ Tukdak;[)anCaRbcaM eRBaHkalGaytn³Na psS³Na ekIteLIg Rtg;GarmµN_Na tNða])aTank¾rEmgCab;CBM ak;enARtg;Gaytn³ psS³ GarmµN_enaH²Edr . 225

eyaKavcr EdlpÁgsmµastirlwk GMBIevTnaNamYy Edl)an nigkMBgu esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ karrlwkeXIjenH Kb,IRtUvtaMgenAkñgú smaFicti yþ :agmaM nigBitR)akdbMptu minRtUv[vegVgPan;saµ rtIeLIy bnÞab;mk eTIbpÁgsmµasgáb,³ [cab;epþImRtiHriHBicarNaravrkehtuGVI bc©y½ GVEI dlnaM[evTnaRbePTmYyenaHekItrlt;eLIg nigrlt;eTAvij BuKM b,IRtiHriHtamEbbkamvitká³dUcmuneLIy . kalebIsmµasgáb,³ ekIteLIg rkeXIjehtubc©y½ smµaTidkæi ¾rEmgekIteLIg eXIjRtUvtam sPav³Bit )anCa]bkar³naM[virtiectsik3ekIteLIgRBm )anCamKÁ manGgÁ8Rbkar . virtiectsik3RbkarEdlekItehIyenaH k¾cab;tm cab;Gb;rcM ti þ min[niyayBaküTak;Tgdl;erOgra:vvtßkú ameTot Edl CaerOgrbs;kamKuN edayevorvcITcu ©rti 4CamUl cab;Gb;rcM it[þ tm [evor min[kayRbRBwtbþ lieBaFnwgGarmµN_ EdlCakamKuN man karevornUvkayTuc©rti 3CamUl cab;Gb;rcM ti þ [tm[evornUvmicaä CIv³ dUcCaGensn³21 )ab Fm’5y:ag CMnjY 5Rbkar minRbRBwtkþ nøgeKal sikaç bT6 kñgú karciBa©mw CIvti taMgcitmþ ni eRtkGr mineTamnsSkñgú bc©y½ 4CaedImeTot . kalsmµasgáb,³BicarNaeXIjpsS³ evTna GarmµN_ekItenA Rtg;Gaytn³NaKYrCaTIRsLaj; eRtkGr tNða])aTank¾rEmgCab; CMBak;enARtg;psS³ evTna GarmµN_enaHEdr.dUecñHkalBicarNalHtNða KWBci arNalHpsS³ evTna GarmµN_enaH . sux-Tukeç vTnak¾rlt;eTA citkþ e¾ nACa]ebkçadUcRbRktIedIm . enHCaviFlI Hkiels min[ekþAeralralTukçeTamnsSeRcInRbkar enAkñgú kay k¾ngw fmfyeTA²tamry³ evTnanubsSnastib,dæanenH. 226

citþanubsSnastib,dæan

GñksikSaRBHFm’ Kb,Idgw )anfa evTnaesaydwgrs rbs;GarmµN_ Na citkþ e¾ say ehIydwgrsrbs;GarmµN_myY enaHEdr. buKÁlsikSa RBHFm’gayyl;)anCageKKWcti eþ nHehIy b:Eu nþGEVI dllM)akdl;karsikSa RBHFm’enaH KWkarminTan;)ansÁal;nvU RbePTcitþmyY dYg² Edl)an nigkMBgu ekIt rlt;myY xN³²enAkñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶. citrþ YbrYmTaMgGs;man89dYg ebIEbgEcktamRbePTl¥ GaRkk; mankusu lcitþ nigGkuslcit.þ Kb,IRtUvdwgfa Gkuslciteþ kItrlt; esayrsrbs;GarmµN_RbkbedayelaP³ eTas³ emah³CabJsKl;. - elaP³ elaP³ CasPavFm’esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ Cavtßkú amRbkb edayesckþCI ab;CBM ak; EdlCaesckþRI )afñaxøagM cMeBaHkamKuNTaMg5. - eTas³ eTas³ KWCasPavFm’esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ Rbkbeday esckþfI añ gM fñak; ekþARkhay RbTUsþ eTamnsScMeBaHGarmµN_ Edl minCaTIR)afña. - emah³ emah³ KWCasPavFm’ esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ nigesckþI sMKal;GarmµN_ Edlminl¥sa¥ tfa Cavtßlú ¥sa¥ tvij cMENkÉGarmµN_ NaEdlRBHGriysMKal;fas¥at bufCu n¢ Rbkbedayemah³ snµtfa Cavtßúmni s¥ateTAvij CaehtunaM[micaä Tidæei kItmaneLIg. kalebI micaä Tidæei kIteLIg k¾rEmgjúagM kaykmµ vcIkmµRbRBwtxþ su bNþHú )annUv Gkuslcitþ Cab;enAkñgú snþan. kamavcrcitþmanGkuslcitþ nigkuslcit.þ Gkuuslciteþ nH ehAfa kamavcrGkuslcityþ :agenHk¾)an cMENkÉkuslcitþehAfa 227

kamavcrkuslcitkþ ¾)an b¤ehAfamhakuslcityþ :agenHk¾)an. Kb,IRtUv dwgfa mhakuslcitþmni esayrs dwgrsrbs;GarmµN_Cavtßkú am TaMg Lay RbkbedayGkuslmUlTaMgenaHeLIy. mhakuslcitþ rEmgjúaMgbuBaØkri yi avtß1ú 0Rbkar b¤ksu lkmµ bf10[ekIteLIg. mhKÁtcitþ KWr)U avcrcit1þ 5 nigGrU)avcrcit1þ 2 k¾dcU elakutþrcitþ8 suTE§ tCakuslcitTþ aMgGs;. cMENkÉcitaþ nubsSnastib,dæanenaH KWenARtg;kalebIeyaKavcr pÁgsmµastiRbkbedaysmµavayam³ rlwkcMeBaHcitRþ bePTNamYy rhUt)anCasmaFinmi ti þ eXIjc,as;enAkñgú menaTVarehIy Kb,IjúagM smµasgáb,³[ekIteLIg edIm,IRtiHriHBicarNaravrk [eXIjehtufa Gkuslciteþ nH b¤ksu lciteþ naHekIteLIg manbc©y½ GITV nM ku bMrgu eTIb naM[ekItR)akdeLIg . kalsmµasgáb,³RtiHriHrkeXIjfa manelaP³ eTas³ emah³ mankayTuc©rit vcITuc©ritCaehtuRbRBwtþeTA manvtßúkamNamYyCabc©½y smµaTidæik¾ekItR)akdeLIg . man n½yfa eyaKavcrmanbBaØaekIteLIg yl;RtUvtamsPav³Bit ehIy BüayamlHelaP³ eTas³ emah³enHCaerOy² BaJagMu KuNFm’[ ekIteLIgedaylHGarmµN_CakamKuNenaHecj esckþTI ku kç n¾ gw Rsal eTA² . enHCaviFjI aú gM [bBaØa ekIteLIgmYyEbb tamry³citaþ nubsSna stib,dæanenH. sPav³mYyRbePTeTot EdleyaKavcrKb,ImankarRtiHriHBicarNa pgEdr enARtg;faciteþ nH CaFmµCatimank¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþmni manrUbrag sNæanRTg;RTayCaGI²V eT. kalrUbkaymanGaytn³ mankarb:HpÞb; CamYynwgGarmµN_cti þke¾ kItrlt;eLIg ehIyk¾cHu kan;ExSPvgÁElgesay 228

Elgdwgrsrbs;GarmµN_ . citeþ LIgkan;vfi )I an edaysarmanGarmµN_ mk[citþetag citþke¾ kItrlt;y:agdEdl² . suxevTna Tukeç vTna esamnsSevTna eTamnsSevTna ]ebkçaevTna Edlcitþ sMKal;)an citkþ s¾ KM al; cMNaMfa evTnaenHCarbs;xnøÜ ehIyciteþ naH k¾Cab;CBM ak; R)afñamaMcg;eFVmI ©as;eTAelIevTnaenaH. ÉesckþBI ti RtUvrlwk[)anfa KµanGMNacGVGI aceFVIma© s;elIteY vTnaTaMgenaH min[ekItrlt;eLIg)aneT eRBaHevTnaEdlmanGtßiPaBenH KWGaRs½yrUbFm’namFm’mankar b:HpÞb; ÉrUbFm’ nigpsS³CaFaturEmgmankarERbRbYl eTIbevTnarEmg ERbRbYl citkþ ¾rEmgmankarERbRbYl enHehIyEdlehAfaGntþaFm’enaH. kalebImanesckþRI tiHriH eXIjehtuBti y:agenH citfþ añ gM fñak; citRþ bTUsþ citeþ TamnsS EdlbuKÁlsMKal;)anehIyenaH k¾emIleXIj faCavtßeú saHsUnüTeT cakputtYxnøÜ cakputxømw sar cakputGj eKÉg eRBaHdwgc,as;fa citeþ nHekItrlt;eLIg eRBaHGaRs½ymanehtubc©y½ edayELk mincMNHu eTAelItxY nøÜ GjeKeLIy ekIteLIgehIy rEmg rlt;snU üeTAvijeRBaHehtubc©y½ rlt;.kalRtiHriHeXIjfacitþrEmgman sPaBya:genH ])aTankçn§ eBalKWesckþRI bkan;maMceM BaHbB©akçn§ k¾ nwgrsayeTA² smµaTidkæi r¾ EmgekIteLIgR)akd dwgc,as;nvU sPav³énTukç Griysc©³ .

FmµanubsSnastib,dæan

ey Fmµa ehtub,Pva etsM ehtuM tfaKeta etsBa© eya nieraeFa ÉvMvaTImhasmeNati . ERbfa ³ Fm’TaMgLayekItGMBeI htu RBHtfaKtRTg;sMEdgdl;nUvehtu nigkarrMlt;Fm’TaMgLayenaH RBHmhasmN³ EtgmanvaTy:agdUecñH. 229

dUecñHEdlniyayfa RBHsmµasm<Tú æ)anRtas;dgw nUv Fm’TaMgLay KWenARtg;RBHGgÁ)andwgc,as;dgw tamsPav³Bitfa Fm’EdlekIteLIg )anenaH KWGaRs½ymanehtubc©y½ tak;Etg eTIbFm’TaMgLayekIteLIg )an ehIyRTg;)ansMEdgGMBeI htu GMBbI c©y½ Edl)antak;EtgeFI[V ekItFm’enaH² eday\tel¥ógEfmeTotpg. Fm’ekIteLIg)an eRBaHGaRs½ymanehtubc©y½ RbCMtu ak;Etg ehAfasgçtFm’. RBHsmµasm<Tú )æ anRtas;dgw c,as;fa Fm’NaEdl ekIteLIg Fm’enaHmanehtu nigbc©y½u p©gú epþmI [ekIt kalebIehturlt; Fm’EdlekItenaHk¾rlt;eTAEdr. dUecñHsgçarFm’ eTIbCasgçtFm’ )andl;Fm’ Edlmanbc©y½ RbCMtu ak;Etg [ekIteLIg ehIyrEmgrlt; eTA eRBaHEtehturlt;. Rtg;enHehIyEdlehAfa karRtas;dgw nUv Fm’TaMgLayrbs;RBHsmµasm<Tú §enaH. dUecñHBaküfaFm’enH KWsMKal;enARtg;mansPav³Bit ekItman R)akdenAkñgú elak dUcCamnusS stV eTvtaCaedImekIt. rUb viBaØaN citþ ectsik Gkuslcitþ kuslcitþ xn§5 Gaytn³12 Fatu18 sux-Tukeç vTna esamnsS-TamnsSevTnaCaedIm ekItman Kb,IRtUvdwg fasPav³ EdlekItmanTaMgenaH KWGaRs½ymanehtuCaRbPB eTIb[ekIt Caply:agenH. enHehIyEdlfa GtßBti rbs;BaküfaFm’ Fm’ enaH. ÉFmµnyi amrMlt;sgçar rMlt;Tku ç k¾CaFmµanubsSnastib,dæan. eKalkarN_Gb;rcM eM rInFmµanubsSnastib,dæan KWRtg;smµasti rlwkGMBFI m’NamYyEdl)an b¤kBM gu ekIt RtUvjúagM esckþBI üayamrlwk 230

Fm’enaH rhUtekIt)anCasmaFinmi ti þ enAkñgú menaTVar bnÞab;mkRtUv júagM smµasgáb,³ [RtiHriHravrk [eXIjfa Fm’Edl)anekItehIy b¤kBM gu ekItenaH manehtu manGVCI aRbPBCaEdn[ekIt . Baküfa Fm’naeBlenH eyaKavcrKb,IEGbkarRtiHriH[mkRtg;sPavFm’ BMKu b,I gakeTAxagrUbFm’namFm’eLIy eRBaHCaehtunaM[Pan;RcLMeTAnwg kayanubsSnastib,dæan evTna nigcitaþ nubsSnastib,dæan . enAeBlstikBM gu rlwkeXIj RtiHriHBicarNa epþateTAelIFm’ Edl)an nigkMBgu ekItR)akdenaH Kb,IRtUvkMNt;dgw [)anfa namFm’ RbePTdYgenHekItman eRBaHEtmanGarmµN_myY enaH manpsS³Cabc©y½ mannamFm’RbePTdYgenHCasm,yutþ eTIbFm’RbePTenaHekIteLIg)an dUcCanIvrNFm’CaedIm kMBgu ekIteLIg Kb,IRtUvdwgfa manGVCI aehtu manGVCI abc©y½ . kalebIstibdæanTaMg4ekIteLIgy:agenH rEmgdwg)anfa stiekIt R)akdehIy stimni vegVgePøc rlwkeTAelIerOgra:vdéTCasmµtbi ,BaØtiþ eRkAGMBbI rmtßb,BaØtþuei naHeTot kalebIstibdæanekIteLIg manesckþI RtiHriHBicarNarkeXIj ehtubc©y½ lkçN³Bitrbs;namFm’ nigrUbFm’ y:agdUecñHehIy smµb,Fan4 Casmµavaym³k¾Kg;ekItmaneLIg.

2> smµb,Fan4 - sMvrbFan³ rbFan³ BüayamsRgYmtmraraMgmin[Gkuslcitþ Edl minTan;ekIt min[ekIteLIg)an dUcCasRgYmkñgú ctub,arisTu §isIlCaedIm. - bhanbFan³ bhanbFan³ BüayamlHGkuslcitþ Edl)anekItR)akd ehIy [Gs;BkI gñú snþaneTAvij. 231

- PavnabFan³ PavnabFan³ BüayamcMerInPavna edIm,IGb;rM kuslcitþ Edl minTan;ekIt [ekItcMerIneLIg. - GnurkçnabFan³ abFa BüayamrkSakuslFm’ EdlekItehIy [ taMgenAmaMkan;EtcMerIneLIg min[)at;bg;eTAvij. kalebIstibdæan4ekIteLIg smµb,Fan4 Casmµavayam³k¾rEmg ekIteLIg jaMgu karceRmInstib,dæan4enH [ecHEtRbRBwteþ TA k¾ngw )an Cabc©y½u naM[\Ti§)aT4 rEmgcab;epþImekItman .

3> \T§i)aT4

\T§)i aTFm’enH KWFm’CaehtuénesckþsI eM rcRKb;Rbkar TukdUcCa Fm’EdlnaM[manbJT§i kñúgTIenHsMedAeTAelIkarekIteLIgBit én\T§i )aTFm’TaMg4RbkarKW ³ - qnÞTi )§i aT³ aT³ Fm’KeW sckþIeBjciteþ kIteLIg maneQµaHfa qnÞectsik KWesckþRI )afña esckþbI n:u b:g cMeBaHRBHniBaVnekIteLIg.esckþI R)afñaekIteLIg nwg)anCabc©y½ [viryi ectsikekIteLIg Caehtujaú gM [stib,dæan4ecHEtRbRBwtþeTA GriymKÁKg;sMerc)an eRBaHesckþI BüayamenH. - vIryi Ti )§i aT³ aT³ enAeBlesckþeI Bjcitþ esckþIbn:u b:gesckþRI )afña ekIteLIg Cabc©y½ [vIryi ectsikekItmaneLIg CaehtujaMgu plrbs; GriymKÁ[sMerc)an eRBaHesckþBI üayamenH . - citTþi )§i aT³ aT³ Griypl EdlGacnwgsMerc)anbribUN’ GaRs½y elIkartaMgcitþ karebþCJacitþ mankarykcitTþ ku dak; Cab¤Td§i R¾ besIr kñgú karceRmInstib,dæan4enH enARKb;\riyabfTaMg 4 . - vimsM Ti )§i aT³ aT³ )andl;esckþsI Merc eBalKWbW BaØaekIteLIg² GaRs½yelIkarceRmInstib,dæanCaerOy² Kg;eXIjc,as;nvU sPavFm’ 232

Edl)anekIt nigrlt;eTAvij KWbBaØaenHehIy EdlCaKuNFm’naM[ sMercGriypl eRBaHEt)andwgc,as;nvU rUbFm’namFm’ nigFm’tamsPav³ Bit .

4> \®nÞIy_5

kalebIehtubc©y½ énFm’TaMg3kgxagelIekItmanR)akd Fm’Edl CaFMkñgú karRbRBwteþ TA edIm,IrMlt;Tku tç ampøvÚ RtUvBit k¾ngw ekItR)akd eLIgKW³ - sT§®i nIyÞ ³_ eBalKWsT§aectsik CaFMkgñú ehtunaM[eCO ekIteLIg eRBaHGaRs½ybBaØa)aneXIj )andwg )ansÁal;ehtubc©y½ Bitrbs;Fm’ Edl)anekItR)akdeLIgehIyenaH. - viryi ®i nÞyI ³_ PaBCaFMénesckþBI üayam rEmgnaMkarbdibtþi [ ecHEtmandMeNIrkareTAmux eday\trafy mindak;Fur³GaRs½ysT§aenH. - sti®nÞyI _ ³ PaBCaFMrbs;sti KWtaMgsti[rlwk RbugRby½tñ Cab; minvegVgePøceTArksmµtbi ,BaØteþi Tot. - smaFi®nÞyI ³_ )andl;PaBCaFMénsmaFinmi ti Eþ dlstiectsik kMBgu ekItrlt;R)akd ehIycittþ aMgmaMkgñú sPavFm’EtmYyenaH)anl¥ RbéBTaMgcMeBaHsmfkmµdaæ nkþI éRtlkçN_kþI TaMgRtg;stib,dæankþ.I - bBaØ®i nÞyI _ ³ )andl;bBaØaectsik EdlCaFM kñúgkardwg)an nUvFm’EdlekItman dwg)annUvehtubc©y½ EdlnaM[Fm’ekIteLIg dwg nUvbc©y½ Edl)anrMlt; dUcCadwgfasgçarFm’ KWectsikTaMgLay)an rMlt;ehIy dwg)anfa enHCabufCu n¢ eKaRt enaHCamhKÁteKaRt enHCa GriyeKaRtCaedIm KWbBaØaenHEdlCaFMkgñú sPavénkardwgminRcLM . 233

5> Bl³5

kalebIKN u Fm’TaMg4R)akdeLIgmanPaBCa\RnÞyI _ k¾ngw )anCa kmøagM júagM [Bl³TaMg5 kan;EtcuHs‘b;epþatCab;eTAelIrUbFm’ namFm’ EdlGgÁmKÁnmI yY ² kMBgu RsavetageFVkI ci ©rbs;xnøÜ rYmman³ - sT§aBl³ Bl³ sT§aectsikmankmøagM ekøóvkøa citEþ lgkMerIk jab;jr½ceM BaHkicR© btibtþdi éT eCOs‘b;EteTAelIGgÁénmKÁ8 eRBaHEt)an dwgehtubc©y½ tamsPav³Bit )anTTYlesaydwgrsrbs;GriymKÁ )anCaxN³² ehIy. - viryi Bl³ Bl³ )andl;esckþBI üayam EdlmankmøagM xøagM Gac kMcat;Gs;nvU esckþbI Eg¥bg¥g; júagM karbdibtþi [kan;Et]sSah_xµIXaµ t eLIg kñgú karceRmInstib,dæanenH . - stiBl³ u Fm’TaMgLay ekItmaneLIgy:agdUecñH l³ kalebIKN ehIy stiEdlkMBgu rMlkw GMBkI ay evTna citþ Fm’ k¾)anGb;rsM tienaH [ERbkøayeTACasti EdlmanfamBlxøagM køabMptu CastiR)ascakput RsLHesckþvI egVgePøcPøaMg CaehtunaM[skáayTidæi ])aTankçn§ k¾rlt; )at;RBmeTACaxN³²Edr . - smaFiBl³ l³ edaysarGMNackmøagM rbs;sT§a viryi kalebIpgÁ stirlwkeXIjnUvlkçN³NamYy rbs;rUbFm’ namFm’ citkþ R¾ )ascak esckþrI aymay cittþ aMgmaMceM BaHlkçN³NamYyenaHCaGarmµN_ k¾ngw taMgs‘b;)anl¥ stiectsikk¾rlwk)annUvsmaFinimti rþ bs;GarmµN_enaH enAkñgú menaTVar GarmµN_TaMgLayNakñgú elak EdlCabc©y½ rbs; tNða ])aTank¾lHGs;eTA . 234

- bBaØaBl³ Bl³ kalebIeyaKavcrmanbdibTad¾eTogTat; )antam lMdab;lMedayEbbenH bBaØaEdlekItmanehIyenaH nwg)anCabBaØa Bl³ KWCabBaØaEdlmankmøagM xøagM CabBaØamuHmut GacBuHERCkRsav RCavBicarNa rkeXIjesckþBI ti rbs;sPavFm’dl;TIbpM tu . dUecñHbBaØa Bl³enHehIy Edlcat;Tku CaR)aCJaénkarRtas;dgw RBm dl;TbI pM tu énTukç kalebIeBaCÄgÁ7)anekItmaneLIgR)akd KWbBaØaBl³enH Edl CaFmµCatidgw minRcLM . 6> eBaCÄgÁ7 GgÁFm’énR)aCJaRtas;dgw nUvTIbpM tu Tukeç nH KWCaRbBn§F½ mµ niyam EdlmanGanuPaBGb;rM júagM citþ ectsik[rYcput cakBIkei ls Gasv³ )anmYycMENk ehIycitþ ectsik EdlR)ascakkiels Gasv³enH k¾rEmgtaMgenAy:ags¶b; Rbkbeday]ebkçacMeBaHstVbKu lÁ . enAeBl eyaKavcr ksagsnSMGb;rcM eM rInPavnatamlMdab; RbBn§F½ mµnyi amdUc )anbriyayxagelI cMENkFm’énR)aCJaCaeRKÓgRtas;dgw TaMg7RbkarenH Edlfa)anekIteLIgRBmenaHKW ³ - stisem< <aCÄgÁ ³ cMENkénbBaØaelakutrþ ³enH nwgGacekIt emaCÄgÁ eLIg)an KWGaRs½ymanGgÁénstiectsikCacaM)ac; ehIyKb,IRtUvdwgfa KWR)aCJaenHEdlnaM[buKlÁ dwgBIstism,CBaØ³cMeBaHRKb;\riyabfenaH. - Fmµvci ysem<aCÄgÁ ³ kalebIcEM NkFm’xagbBaØaCaehtu énkarRtas;dgw ekIteLIgehIy KWbBaØaenHEdl)andwgnUvkareXIjc,as;fa 235

manehtubc©y½ manlkçN³ya:gdUcemþc EdlnaM[Fm’enaHekIt eLIg ehIybBaØaenH EdldwgnUvmeFüa)ayrMlt;ehtu eBalKWrMlt;Fm’ enaH² min[ekIteLIg. - viryi sem< <aCÄgÁ ³ GgÁFÁ m’énR)aCJa CacMENkénkarRtas;dgw semaCÄgÁ RBmekIteLIg eRBaHGaRs½ymanKuNFm’enH eTIbbBaØaenHekIteLIgR)akd KWenARtg;eyaKavcrjaMugviryi ectsik kñgú karbdibtþi eday\trYjrafy edayminRcGUskayRcGUscitþ GaRs½ymanbBaØadwg)anfa GkuslFm’ CaFmµCatiEdlRtUvlH ÉkuslFm’ CaFmµCatiEdlRtUvsnSM . - bItsi em< <aCÄgÁ ³bBaØaCaeRKOgRtas;dgw RBmenH EdlekIteLIg emaCÄgÁ R)akdenaH eRBaHeyaKavcr)andwgR)akdfa GaRs½ymanesckþeI Bjcitþ kñgú karbdibtþni vU GriymKÁ edIm,IrMlt;Tku ç eBjcitkþ gñú karriHrkehtubc©y½ eBalKWmanbItei ctsikenHekItrYmCamYykuslcitþ nigkuslectsik dYgdéTpgEdr. ebImni manbItei T bBaØaCaeRKÓgRtas;dgw RBm k¾ekIt eLIgmin)an. - bsSiTsi§ em< <aCÄgÁ³ eyaKavcrkalebImankarRbtibtþi tam emaCÄgÁ lMdab;lMedaymkdl;RtwmenH k¾kN M t;)anfaTuknç ei raFKaminbI dibTa eBalKWkarRbtibtþei dIm,IrMlt;Tku ç )anekItR)akdehIy esckþsI xu s¶b; rEmgekItman rEmgBal;RtUv. dUecñHnamkays¶b; citsþ b¶ ;enHrEmg)an Cabc©½y[bBaØaelakutþr³enHekItman eyaKavcrk¾)andwgc,as;nUv kays¶b; citsþ ¶b;enH edaybBaØapÞal;rbs;xønÜ edayxønÜ ÉgBMmu anbuKÁl déTdwgCMnsY )an. 236

- smaFisem< <aCÄgÁ³ stiectsik EdlekIteLIgKW edIm,IrlwknUv emaCÄgÁ GarmµN_CabrmtßNamYy Ésmµasgáb,³ EdlkMBgu ravrkehtubc©y½ én Fm’NamYy Edl)an nigkMBgu R)akdeLIg citþsLM wgrMBgw cMeBaHGarmµN_ CamrmtßenaH² Kb,IsLM wgrMBgw enARtg;lkçN³énGarmµN_ ¬éRtlkçN_¦ rhUtTal;Et lkçN³énGarmµN_enaH ERbkøayeTACasmaFinimti þ dwtCab; enAkñguú menaTVar eTIbsmµasmaFienaH )anCa]bkar³[bBaØaRtas;dgw k¾ekItR)akdeLIg)an. ebIKaµ ncitcþ Hu taMgs‘b;ENnmaMl¥ cMeBaHbrmtßa rmµN_myY lkçN³²enaH)aneT esckþRI tiHriHk¾mni køayCasmµasgáb,³ )an ]ebkçasmaFike¾ kItmin)an bBaØaCacMENkénkarRtas;dgw RBmk¾ ekIteLIgmin)an pøvÚ niBaVnk¾ebIkmin)an . - ]ebkçasem< <aCÄgÁ³ KWCacMENkFm’ EdlnaM[ekItbBaØaRtas; semaCÄgÁ dwgRBmRbkarmYy. Fm’enHekIteLIgk¾GaRs½yeyaKavcr)antmál;cti þ enAnwgesµCI aRbRktI)anl¥ minkMerIkjab;jr½ minbeg¥aneTAxagstVbKu lÁ EdlCasmµtbi ,BaØtþiCakamKuN b¤kmµdaæ nNamYydUcknøgmkeTot Ca citmþ ni beg¥aneTAkan;GarmµN_ bnÞab;mkRBHniBaVnk¾ngw )anCaGarmµN_ .

7> mKÁmanGgÁ8

kalGb;rMbBaØa dwg)annUvehtubc©y½ Edltak;Etg[namFm’ rUbFm’ekIteLIg nigrlt;eTAvij eBalkalFm’KeW BaCÄgÁ7)anekIteLIg bBaØarEmgdwgc,as; GgÁmKÁ8Rbkar k¾rEmgekItRBm KWsmµaTidæji aN sm,yutþ ekItrlt;CamYysmµasgáb,ectsik smµavacaectsik smµakmµnþ smµaGaCIvectsik smµavayam smµasti CaBiesssmµasmaFiekItRBmenARtg;menaTVar EdlxagedImCaQanelakiy³ bnÞab; mkeTACaQanelakutrþ ³. 237

kalebIelakutþrmKÁCvnekIteLIgehIy PvgÁcti þ EdlCavi)ak Tidsæi m,yutþ k¾eTACavi)akjaNsm,yutþ ehIyenAeBlEdlPvgÁ cln³ PvgÁbú ecäTekItrlt;eLIg k¾Cavi)akcitþ RbePTjaNsm,yutþ EtmYy. enAeBlEdlExSPvgÁenHrlt; menaTVaravC¢n³ EdlCa Gehtukkiryi acitþ k¾ekIteLIgeFVkI ci ©beg¥aneTArkehtubc©y½ lkçN³ BitNamYy rbs;rUbFm’ namFm’CaGarmµN_ tamEbbbrmtßb,BaØti.þ kalebImenaTVaravC¢ncitþ eFVkI iryi abeg¥aneTArklkçN³ rbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’ NamYy)anehIy bnÞab;mk)aneQµaHfa brikmµCvncab; vn ekIt eLIg. brikmµCvnenHk¾ vn enAEtCamhakusljaNsm,yut.þ brikmµCvn ekItrlt;eLIgCaCvnxN³TI1 ÉCvnxN³TI2ekIteLIg k¾cab;Rsav etagyklkçN³NamYyrbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’CaGarmµN_ )aneQµaH ehAfa ]bcar³ bcar³ k¾enAEtCamhakuslCvnjaNsm,yutdþ Edl. kñgú lMdab;én]bcar³rlt;cHu CvnxN³TI3ekIteLIg Rsavetag yklkçN³NamYyrbs;rbU Fm’namFm’ [eXIj R)akdeLIg)aneQµaH fa Gnuelam eRBaHEtmhakuslCvnjaNsm,yutþenH CasmµaTidæi yl;RtUv GaRs½ymanBYkFm’CaR)aCJaéneRKOgRtas;dgw KWeBaFibkçyi Fm’ 37RbkarenaH Ca)at CakBa©k;)anqøHú eXIjc,as;CaxagedImrYcehIy . dUecñHkalebI GnuelamCvnjaNsm,yuteþ nH etagyklkçN³ rbs;rbU Fm’namFm’ k¾)andwgBitRsbdUceBaFibkçiyFm’37 Edl)an bdibtþTi TYlplehIyEdr eTIbmhakusljaNsm,yuteþ nH Gnuelam eTAtam k¾ebIk»kas [eXIjpøvÚ eTAkan;RBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_)an . 238

kalebIGnuelam CamhakusljaNsm,yutþ Rsavetagyk lkçN³NamYyrbs;rbU Fm’namFm’ )anehIyya:genH bnÞab;mk eKaRtPUcti eþ kIteLIg k¾TajykRBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_vji . citþEdlkMBugRsavetagykniBaVnmkCaGarmµN_enH enAEtCa mhakusljaNsm,yutþ b:Eu nþRKbsgát;nvU citþ CabufCu n¢ eKaRt nig mhKþteKaRt eRBaHeKaRtPUcti eþ nH kMBgu beg¥aneTAkan;cti Cþ aGriyeKaRt. kalebIeKaRtPUcti eþ kItehIyrlt;cHu elakutu þrciteþ kIteLIgmanniBaVnCa GarmµN_ eBalKWGriymKÁcitþekIteLIgkñgú xN³enH maneQµaHehAfa esatabtþimKÁcti eþ kIteLIgehIy . kalebImKÁcti þenHekIteLIg plcitþ EdlmansPav³CaRBHniBaVn k¾ngw ekItrlt;eLIg3xN³ xøH 2xN³xøH )aneQµaHfa brikmµxN³ N³ ]bcarxN³ bcarxN³ GnuelamxN³ lamxN³ GaRs½yeTAelI kmøagM R)aCJarbs;eyaKavcr ¬GPiBaØa¦. ebIbKu lÁ CaTn§aPiBaØa Griyplciteþ kIteLIg ekIt3xN³ KWbrikmµ xN³ lHkielseRKatRKat ]bcarxN³lHkielsya:gkNþal Gnuelam xN³ lHGnusy½ kiels. ebICaxib,aPiBaØa plciteþ kItrlt;2xN³ KW ]bcarxN³1 GnuelamxN³1 plcitkþ c¾ Hu kan;PvgÁ enACavi)akjaN sm,yutþ eTIbmenaTVaravC¢nciteþ kIteLIg nigrlt;cHu kamavcrCvn jaNsm,yuteþ kIteLIg eTACabc©evkçNvifCI vncitþ BicarNanUvmKÁ citvþ ar³ ;ehIyvar³ ar³1 plcitvþ ar³ ar³1 RBHniBaVn var³ var³1 kielsEdlrlt lsEdlrlt; EdlrltehI var³1 kielsEdlenAsl; var³1rYmCabc©evkçNvif5I var³ :genH RBHGriylsEdlenAsl;var³ var var³ya: yagenH. genH buKÁlrEmgmanbc©evkçNvifcI ti þ ekItrlt;RKb;eBl eTIbelakminyl; xuskñgú KuNFm’ Edl)ansMercehIy tamEbbskáayTideæi Tot . 239

GacsrubesckþI eBaFibkçiyFm’ Fm KWCaRbBn§F½ mµ³énbBaØakñúgkar Rtas;dwgdl;nUvTIbMputénTukç EdlRBHsmµasm<Tú )§ anRtas;fa pøvÚ KW stib,dæanTaMg4enH CapøÚvmUlEtmYy>>>>EdlGdækfacarübriyayfa eRBaHCapøvÚ Rbtibtþi edIm,IecjcaksgçareTAkan;RBHniBaV n minmanEbk eTACapøvÚ 2 b¤pøvÚ 3eLIy . bc©evkçNvifcI ti þ beg¥aneTAtamGriymKÁenaH KWedaynUvkiryi a jaMgu smµasgáb,ectsik [taMgenARtg;esatabtþimKÁcti þ EdlCaRkEs rbs;GriymKÁenaH elakk¾)anBicarNa ehIydwg)anfa GkuslcitCþ a Tidsæi m,yut4þ dYg KWesamnsS shKtTidKæi tsm,yut2þ dYg nig]ebkça shKtTidKæi tsm,yut2þ dYg elaklH)anGs;ehIy rYmTaMgvicki ci aä sm,yut1þ dYg RtUvCa5dYg . cMENkenARtg;GriymKÁcitþenH KWelak )anBicarNaeXIjnUv sMeyaCn³ nigGnusy½ EdlenAsl; elakk¾ BicarNaedIm,IlHbnþ. eTIbenARtg;GriymKÁcti þ mankarBicarNa[ eXIjcMENk EdlenAsl;pg nigBicarNa edIm,IlHcMENkEdl enAsl;enaHpg. GriybuKÁl4BYk esatabnñbKu ÁllH)ankamcän³Þ nigBüa)aTEdlCa nIvrNFm’ bnÞab;BvI ti ki má kiels bnÞab;mkelaklHsMeyaCn³ EdlCakielsFøab; GaRs½yenACamYynwgciteþ naH KWskáayTid1æi vicki ci aä 1 sIlBVtbra mas³1. kalkMBgu BicarNaeXIj nigBicarNaedIm,IlH nUvsMeyaCn³ 240

TaMg3enH maneQµaHehAfa esatabtþmi KÁcti þ kallHGs;nvU kiels sMeyaCn³3 xagelImaneQµaHfaesatabtþpi lcitþ )aneQµaH CabuKlÁ b,BaØteþi hAfa esatabnñbKu lÁ . esatabnñbKu lÁ EckecjCa3BYk KWÉkBICBI kY 1 ekalMekal³ BYk1 stþktç þMúbrmBYk1 . esatabnñbKu Ál CaGñkdl;ehIy sMercehIy nUvesat³ KWRkEsxagedImén BYkGriy³TaMgLay. esatabnñbKu Ál enAmancitCþ aesamnsSshKtTidvæi bi ,yutþ 2dYg ]ebkçashKtTidvæi ib,yut2þ dYg nigeTasmUl2dYgCafñak;kNþal nigfñak;lt¥i cMENkGkuslcitCþ afñak;eRKatRKatenaH elaklH)an ehIy KWmci aä Tidiæ vicki ci aä nigGkuslFm’TaMgLay . cMENkÉemah³ ]T§c©³ k¾kcM at;mni Tan;)an EtminGacnwgnaM[ bdisn§ei nAkñgú G)ayPUmi)aneLIy eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbRBHesatabnñ buKÁlenAekItCamnusS nigeTvta7CatieTot CaFmµta . b:Eu nþmni Emn Caesatabtþpi l EdlCaGriyplcitþ CaGñkeFVbI disn§ki ci ©eT KWv)i akcitþ CajaNsm,yuteþ naHeT EdlCaGñkeFVkI ci ©bdisn§ei TAtamkMrti lMdab; Can;énPUmni mI yY ². kalebIesatabnñbKu Ál]b,kþki ekItkñgú sYKe’ Tvelak KWkamavcr kuslvi)akRbePT jaNsm,yutþeFVbI disn§ki ci © ebIesatabnñbKu Ál ekIt kñgú RBhµPmU N i amYy KWrU)avcrkuslvi)ak eFVIbdisn§ki ci ©kgñú RBhµPmU i enaH. enAkñgú Km<rI RBHéRtbidkPaK16 TMBr½ 198 RBHBuT)§ anRtas; sMEdg R)ab;GannÞetßrfa³susuCata GannÞ ])asi ])asika tiNMÑ seBaØaCnanM brikyç a esatabnña Gvin)i atFmµa niyta sem< <aFibrayna . semaFi 241

ERbfa³ mñalGannÞ ])asikasuCata mankiryi aGs;rlIgnUvsMeyaCn³ )anqøgehIyCaesatabnñ EdlCaFm’mni Føak;cHu ¬eTAkñgú G) G)ay¦CaFm’ ay¦ eTog CaR)aCJaéneRKOgRtas;dgw dl;TbI pM tu énTukç eBalKWRBHniBaVn . esatabnñbKu Ál CabuKÁlminTan;R)ascakteRmkkñgú kam nigPB GaRs½yedaysarkamavcrvi)ak b¤r)U avcrvi)akeFIkV ic©bdisn§i ya:gdUecñH ¬éRtbidkPaK83 kPaK83TM 83TMBr½ 281Kafa 281Kafa92 Kafa92¦ 92¦. BYkesatabnñbKu Ál k¾dcU BYk skTaKamI KWCaBYkGriybuKÁl EdlbribUredaysIl b:Eu nþsmaFimni Tan;r; gw maM bBaØaminTan;cas;kaø ¬PaK83 ¬PaK83TM 83TMBr½ 295¦ 295¦. RBHsmµasm<Tú § )anRtas;sEM dgfa³ PikTçú aMgLayNa )anlHsMeyaCn³3ya:gRsLH ehIy PikTçú aMgGs;enaHCaesatabnñbKu Ál CaFm’mni Føak;cHu eTAkñgú G)ay CaFm’eTog Etgnwg)andl;nvU R)aCJaRtas;dgw kñgú TIbpM tu Tuk¬PaK21 ç¬PaK21 ¬PaK TMBr½ 69¦ 69¦ . - esatabnñbuKÁlCaÉkBICI³ KWelakmankMeNItCamnusSEt mYyCatieTot ehIyeFV[I Cak;c,as;nvU GrhtþplCakareRsc minman kMeNItteTAeTot GaRs½yBaküÉkBICmI ann½yfa GgÁénkMeNItmYy ¬PaK83 ¬PaK83TM 83TMBr½ 284Kafa 284Kafa49 Kafa49¦ 49¦ CaesatabnñbKu Álfñak;T3I . - esatabnñbKu lÁ CaekalMekal³ M kal³ KWelakGenÞaleTAkan;dN kMeNItRtkUl2b¤3eTot eTIbeFVnI vU TIbpM tu énvdþTku ç . - esatabnñbuKÁlCastþkçtþMúbrm³ rm³ KWesatabnñbuKÁl fñak;TI1 GenÞaldMNkMeNIteTAkan;eTvta nigmnusS Gs;var³ 7dg eTIbeFVnI vU TIbpM tu énvdþTku ç eFV[I Cak;c,as;nvU Grhtþpl kñgú CatiCaKRmb;7 . 242

- skTaKamibKu lÁ lH)anGkuslcitþ CaTidviæ bi ,yut4þ dYg nig esamnsSshKt Tidsiæ m,yutþ2dYg rYmCa6dYg lH)ansMeyaCn³ 2 KWkamraK³1 Büa)aT1 lH)anGnusy½ 2 KWkamraKnusy½ 1 bdiXanusy½ 1 lHraK³ eTas³ emah³ kan;EtRsalesþgI ticcuH. eBl søab;elakekItenAkñgú kamPBenHmþgeTot eTIbceRmInvibsSnaPavna eFV[I Cak;c,as;nvU Grhtþpl EdlCaTIbpM tu énTukç . - GnaKamibKu lÁ lH)anGkuslcitþ CaTidviæ bi ,yut4þ esam nsSshkt Tidsiæ m,yut2þ dYg lH)ansMeyaCn³2 KWkamraK³1 Büa)aT³1 nigGnusy³2 KWkamraKanusy½ 1 bdiXanusy½ 1 edaydac; RsLH . - RBHGrhnþ lHGkuslFm’ minmansl; KWelaPmUlCaTidiæ vib,yut4þ eTasmUl2dYgCafñak;lt¥i nig]T§c©shKtcitþ RBHGrhnþlH Gs;CasmuecäT lH)ansMeyaCn³ KWrbU raK³1 GrUbraK³1 manH1 ]T§c©³1 GviCa¢ 1 rYmTaMgmananusy½ raKanusy½ GviCa¢ nusy½ elaklH dac;RsLHBIxn§snþan . 3

243

vibsSnakmµdæan Kb,IRtUvkMNt;TtI aMgénkarbdibtþi [R)akdeLIgfastibdæanCa dMbgU RtUvpÁgstirlwknUvsPav³TaMgLayEdl)an b¤kBM gu ekItR)akd Rtg;EPñk)aneXIj Rtecok)anB¤ RcmuH)anFMku nøi GNþat)anCBa¢k; rsCati kaydwgsmösS citdþ gw FmµarmµN_ edaykMNt;ykkay evTna citþ Fm’CaTItaMgrlwk. ÉesckþIRtiHriHBicarNa EdlCamhakuslcitþ RbkbedayjaNsm,yuteþ naH k¾RtiHriHBicarNaGMBsI Pav³Edl)an b¤kBM gu ekItR)akdenARtg;kay evTna citþ Fm’enHEdr edIm,IrHi rkehtu bc©y½ Bit. Ékarrlwk nigkarRtiHriHrk[eXIjehtubc©y½ BitenaH KW edIm,IlHkiels rMlt;ehtubc©y½ rbs;Fm’ Edl)anekIteLIgenaH enARtg;brmtßFm’rYmman rUbFm’1 namFm’1. rUbFm’manFatu4 ])aTayrUb24 namFm’manviBaØaN citþ ectsik evTna. Éehtu KW KWCaRbPB CaEdnekItrbs;rbU Fm’ CaEdnekItrbs;namFm’myY RbePT² Edl)anekItehIykþI EdlkMBgu ekItrlt;kGþI aRs½ymanbc½©ytak;Etg. ÉeKalbdibtþi smµasti nigsmµasgáb,ectsik EdlkMBgu taMg pÁgeLIgeTArkGarmµN_ TaMg2enaH KWseM dAriHrkehtubc©y½ enaH² tam Ebbbrmtßb,BaØtiþ edIm,IlHsPav³minBit Edl)anRbkan;maMecj. kalebIminTan;manbBaØa EbgEck[dac;BIKña rvagsmµtib,BaØtþi nig brmtßb,BaØtþi mankarxusEbøkKñaenARtg;lkçN³NaeT stibdæan4 Rbkar k¾RbRBwteþ TAmin)anCaRbeyaCn_ BitR)akd karlHkielsk¾mni Gacdl;nvU smuecäTb,han)anEdr . 244

GMBIvisuT§i 7 kalstibdæanTaMg4 )anRbRBwteþ TACaerOy²rbs;bKu lÁ Edl minRbRBwtþRTusþsIl edayesckþIBüayam evornUvkayTuc©rit3 vcITcu ©rti 4 menaTuc©rti 3 rEmgjaMgu visTu §7i Rbkar [ekItmaneLIgKW ³ - slI visTu ³§i esckþbI risTu é§ nsIl enARtg;sIlenH lH)annUv kamvitká³ minsMKal;fakay evTna citþ Fm’CaTIR)afña minCaTIR)afña eTot minsMKal;fasIlrbs;Gj eKÉgtamEbbsmµtbi ,BaØtdþi cU mun eTot kuslectnaminCab;CBM ak;slI vtþbnþeTot eRBaHR)afñaRBHniBaV n . - citvþ si Tu ³§i )andl;smaFinmi ti þ EdltaMgs‘b;maM cMeBaHGarmµN_ EtmYy xN³Edlsmµasti kMBgu beg¥anrlwk cMeBaHbrmtßarmµN_Na mYyenaH edayBMmu ankielskamenAkñgú snþan )andl;ecetavimtu þi . - Tidvæi si Tu ³§i )andl;esckþyI l;d¾brisTu § GaRs½yemIleXIj yl;RtUvtamsPav³Bitrbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’ bnÞab;BsI mµasgáb,³)an BicarNaeXIjehtu bc©y½ Bit k¾yl;c,as;nvU Griysc©³TaMg4. - kgçavitrNvisTu ³§i kalebITdi væi isTu e§i kItR)akdeLIgehIyesckþI sgS½yTaMgLayGMBrI bU Fm’ GMBnI amFm’Edl)anekItR)akdeLIgehIy kþI EdlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TAtamTVarTaMg6kþI citsþ gS½yenaH k¾rEmglH bg;eTA)anRBm EdlCaehtunaM[yfaPUtjaNTsSn jaNTsSn³ sSn³ eBalKWeXIj edaybBaØatamsPav³ EdlkMBgu ekIteLIg KWeXIjlkçN³eTAtam sPav³EdlBit eRBaH)anemIleXIjnUvsPav³Bit EdlekIteLIgenaH KWmanGviCa¢ 1tNða1 ])aTan1 kmµ1 Caehtu. 245

- mKÁamKÁjaNTsSnvisTu i§ ³ )andl;bBaØaénkar eXIjBitR)as cakmnÞli fa enHCapøvÚ bdibtþi edIm,IrMlt;Tku ç enaHminEmnCapøvÚ eRBaHEt )andwgc,as;R)akd cakmnÞli sgS½yfa rUbFm’ekIt namFm’ekIt nigRbRBwteþ TA)an GaRs½yehtu4 KW GviCa¢ 1 tNða1 ])aTan1 kmµ1 nigGahar1 Cabc©y½ KRmb;5 . - bdibTajaNTsSnvisTu ³§i esckþdI gw c,as;edayR)aCJaGMBkI ar Rbtibtþni aM[GriymKÁ GriyplekIteLIg KWsmf-vibsSnaPavnaenaH eTIbCapøvÚ EdlRtUvRbtibtþi edIm,Idl;nvU TIbpM tu Tukç eBalKWRBHniBaVn . - jaNTsSnvisTu ³§i CabBaØaeXIjya:gbrisTu P§ føW øa ekIteLIg kñgú xN³EdleKaRtPUjaNrlt; bnÞab;mkelakutrþ mKÁCvn ekIteLIg KWCajaNTsSnvisTu §ienHÉg. vibsSnakmµdaæ nRtUvRbkbRBmCamYy nwgvisTu 7§i enH KWBEMu mnCa karCRmHesckþbI risTu e§ nH RtUveFVIedayELk sIlRtUvsMGatedayELk stib,dæan vibsSnaPavnaRtUvcMerIn edayELk²BIKañ enaHeLIy cMENk Éstibdæan4enaH eTIbCaedImcm naM[esckþIbrisTu T§ aMgLayekIt R)akdeLIg .

viemakç3 CaeQµaHRBHniBVan

)andl;Fm’CaeKOgrYcRsLHcakkielsTaMg3 KWsBu aØtviemakç1 Gnimti vþ iemakç1 Gb,Nihti viemakç1 CaeQµaHénRBHniBaVn cat;Tku Ca eKaledArbs;vibsSnakmµdaæ n . 1> suBaØtviemakç³ )andl;nvU citrþ cY RsLHcakkiels eRBaHdwg )anfabBa©knç § Carbs;esaHsUnüTeT tNðak¾rlt;Gs; esckþsI KM al;fa 246

man faminman fakayrbs;Gj eK Ég eyIg k¾rlt;esaHsUnüGs;eTA eRBaHGaRs½ymanGntþanubsSnaenARtg;mKÁCvnTaMg3xN³ . 2> Gnimti vþ ei makç³)andl;cti þrcY RsLHcakkiels eRBaHrlt; Gs;nvU citsþ KM al;nmi ti rþ bs;rbU Fm’namFm’ eRBaHBicarNaeXIjfamin eTogBit GaRs½ykalmKÁCvnekIteLIg manGnica© nubsSnaCaGarmµN_. 3> Gb,Nihti viemakç³ KWCacitþ EdlrYcRsLHcakkielsenA Rtg;cti eþ nH rlt;snU üGs;nvU TI nUvkEnøgEdlcitFþ aø b;tkM l;Tku Cacitmþ ni manGarmµN_tkM l;enA Cacitcþ akputGarmµN_TaMgLay ekIteLIgbnÞab; BImKÁCvnTaMg3xN³ rMBgw ykTuklç kçN³CaGarmµN_rlt;. viemakç3enH CaRbePTniBaVncitþ EdleyaKavcrKb,Idgw Camun ebImni dUecñHeT enAeBlceRmInvibsSnaPavna kielsmYyRbePTeTot nwgGacekIteLIgehAfa vibsSnUbkiels CaehtuGaclHbg;esckþI Büayam mincMerInvibsSnaPavnabnþ .

GMBIéRtlkçN_ nigGnubsSna3

kalebIdgw nUvsPav³ rbs;RBHniBaVntamTMngenHehIy kñgú eBl kMBgu cMerInvibsSnaPavna Kb,IRtiHriHBicarNaravrk nUvlkçN³CaGnic© CaTukç CaGntþarbs;rUbFm’ namFm’ nigsgçarFm’Camunsin EdlehAfa GnubsSna3 KWGnic©anubsSna1 Tukaç nubsSna1 GntþanubsSna1 [eXIjc,as;fasgçarTaMgBYg RbkbedayéRtlkçN_enHya:gBit kalbBaØaenHekIteLIg citnþ gw lHnUvesckþCI ab;CBM ak;ceM BaHsPav³eTog sux-Tuk)ç an sgçaruebkçaBaØaNk¾ekItR)akdeLIg.enHCaeKaledAénkar ceRmInvibsSnaPavna. 247

GMBIGarmµN_rbs;vibsSnakmµdæan eyaKavcr EdlmanR)afñacMerInvibsSnakmµdaæ n Kb,IRtUvdwg[ )anR)akdfa sIlmansPaBya:gdUcemþc KWenARtg;manectna minRbRBwtkþ nøgnUvsikaç bTTaMgLay Edl)anebþCaJ smaTanehIy cab; taMgBIski aç bT5 eLIgeTA . karsnSM]bnisS½yénsIlenH eTIb)anCa bnSareTAnwgkarRbtibtþi stib,dæan4 ehIykarRbtibtþistib,dæan4 naM[esckþIbrisTu § TaMgLayekItmaneLIg )anCa]bkarb,c©y½ dl;kar cMerInbBaØaelakutþr³. Éviemakç³3Rbkar CaeKaledArbs;vibsSnakmµdæan Edl eyaKavcr RtUvpÁgesckþBI üayamceRmInPavna[)andl;nvU esckþsI eM rc KWCaeQµaH b¤CasPavFm’rbs;RBHniBaVnenaH. xn§5 Gaytn³12 Fatu18 \®nÞyI _22 Griysc©4 bdic©smub,aT12 eTIbCaPUmi CaGarmµN_rbs;vibsSnakmµdaæ nkñgú karGb;rM bBaØaelakutþr[ekIteLIg edIm,IeXIjsPav³Bit . - sIl KWCatYcti þekItrlt;rYmCamYykuslectnaectsik Rbkb edaybBaØa b¤R)ascakbBaØa CasPav³citjþ aMgu kaykmµ b¤vcIkmµ[ bdibtþti amBuT§anuBaØatirYmman ctub,arisTu si§ lI 4 buBaØkri yi avtß1ú 0 Rbkar kuslkmµbf10Rbkar. dUecñHbuBaØkiriyavtßú10 kuslkmµ bf10 ctub,arisTu §isIl4 KWCaGarmµN_rbs;sIl . 248

- smaFi KWCaciteþ kItrlt;RbkbedayjaNsm,yutþ jaMgu menakmµsLM gw rMBgw cMeBaHRBHkmµdaæ nNamYy kñgú kmµdaæ nTaMg40EdlCa smfGarmµN_ kalebIsmaFicti eþ kIteLIg nIvrNFm’5 k¾rlt;eTA. - bBaØa CacitRþ bkbedaysmaFinmi ti þ RtiHriHBicarNarUbFm’ namFm’ eXIjdwgehtubc©½y eXIjdwglkçN³rbs;xn§5 Gaytn³12 Fatu18 \®nIyþ _22 Griysc©4 bdic©smub,aT12 eTAtamsPaBBit EdlmaneQµaHfa yfaPU yfaPUtBaØaNTsSn NTsSn³ sSn³enaH .

GMBIxn§5 xn§5 KWrbU kçn1§ evTnaxn§1 sBaØaxn§1 sgçarkçn1§ viBaØaNkçn§1. - rUbkçn³§ manmhaPUtrUb4 ])aTayrUb24 GtßesckþTI eU TAehAfa rUbFm’Ca brmtßb,BaØtxþi agrUb xagsmµtib,BaØtþiehAfa stV buKÁl rUbkay xønÜ R)aNRbusRsI EdlCakarbBaØttþi amEbbskáayTidæi . - evTnaxn§ evTnaxn³§ )andl;FmµCatidgw GarmµN_ esayrsrbs;GarmµN_ ehIydMeNIresay b¤dgw rsenaH BMEu mnRbRBwteþ TAEtmYydgmYyxN³ enaHeLIy KWdgw ehIydwgeTot BIsxu eTATukeç vTna BITku eç TAsuxevTna b¤]ebkçaevTnaya:gdEdl² eTIbmaneQµaHfaevTnaxn§EdlCasPav³ BitCanamFm’xagbrmtßb,BaØtiþ ebIEb:kxagsmµtbi ,BaØtþi ehAfaevTna² QWpSa sb,ayrIkray fñaMgfñak; xwgsm,a . - sBaØaxn§³ )andl;FmµCatisKM al;nvU GarmµN_ EdlCaGtßesckþxI agbrmtßb,BaØtEiþ b:kxagectsik ekIteLIgGaRs½ymankar 249

b:HpÞb;rvagGaytn³xagkñúg nigxageRkACabc©y½ naM[evTnaekIteLIg buKÁlk¾cN M aMsKM al;)anRtwmfaexµA s lVgI CUr relageKatRKatCaedIm min)anBicarNaeXIjnUvehtu KWcti þ ectsik kusl Gkusl RBmTaMg manGarmµN_Cabc©y½ enaHeT. - sgçarkçn³§ )andl;ectsik50dYg TaMgkusl TaMgGkuslectsikCa namFm’ EdlCaehtuénkartak;EtgenaH. - viBaØaNkç aNkçn³§ )andl;FmµCatidgw c,as;nvU GarmµN_ CanamFm’ Edlectsiktak;Etg)anCakusl GkuslcitTþ aMgLayenaH. rYbrYm xn§5 KWenARtg;rUbFm’ nignamFm’ tamRbkardUecñH EdlvíbsSnaPavna Kb,I BicarNa[eXIjtamsPav³Bit.

Gaytn³ 12

Gaytn³12 manGaytn³xagkñgú 6KWckçaytn³ esataytn³ Xanaytn³ CIvað ytn³ kayaytn³ mnaytn³ CalMenArbs; GarmµN_ CaTIekItrlt;rbs;cti .þ eXIjfaGaytn³xagkñgú CaBYk namFm’ Gaytn³xageRkA6 KWr)U aytn³ sTÞaytn³ Kn§aytn³ rsaytn³ epadæBaVytn³ Fmµaytn³ CaGarmµN_rbs;cti þ cat;Tku Ca rUbFm’ sMedAdl;mnusS stV vtßú FmµCati cMerog køni rs CaedIm. rYbrYm Gaytn³12 KWenARtg;rUbFm’ nignamFm’ya:genH. enARtg;Gaytn³12enH eyaKavcrkMBgu cMerInvibsSnaPavna Kb,IRtiHriHBicarNafa Gaytn³xagkñgú 6 manEPñkCaedIm KWCaTIekIt eLIgTaMg6kEnøgrbs;cti þ EdlmanePøgI GaRs½yenATIenaHedayBit eRbób dUcCadMfu 6µ dMu . Gaytn³TaMg6RbkarmanrUbCaedIm CacMENkxageRkA eRbobdUcCaEdkePøgI 6bnÞH kalvayfµ²Ebkecj CaePøgI enaHÉg . ¬ckçMú Pikeç v GaTitþM .l. mena GaTietþa¦ . dUecñHkal 250

kñgú mYyéf¶²ebIEPñkminb:HnwgrUbeT Rtecokminb:HnwgsMeLgCaedImeT citkþ t¾ aMgenARsYlsuxeTA \tmankarekþARkhay edaykarRsLaj; s¥b;enaHeLIy . enHcat;Tku Ca])ayénkarBci arNaeXIjehtubc©y½ énTukç k¾BüayambiT)aMgGaytn³min[b:HpÞb;nwgGarmµN_ tNða ])aTank¾lHeTARBm . Fatu 18 Fatu18 rYmman ³ - ckçFú atu1 rUbFatu1 Cavisy½ rUbFm’ ckçvú Bi aØaNFatu1 Ca namFm’ visy½ énFatueXIj . - esatFatu1 sTÞFatu1 CarUbFm’ esatviBaØaNFatu1 CanamFm’ visy½ énFatuB¤ . - XanFatu1 Kn§Fatu1 CarUbFm’ XanviBaØaNFatu1 CanamFm’ visy½ énFatuFMku nøi . - CIvað Fatu1 rsFatu1 CarUbFm’ CIvað viBaØaNFatu1 CanamFm’ visy½ dwgrs. - kayFatu1 epadæBFV atu1 CarUbFm’ kayviBaØaNFatu1 CanamFm’ visy½ dwgkarBal;RtUv . - menaFatu1 FmµFatu1 CarUbFm’ menaviBaØaNFatu1 CanamFm’ visy½ citdþ gw enARtg;menaTVar. - xn§5maneQµaHfa])aTankçn§ eRBaHGaRs½ymantNða])aTan Rbkan;ykxn§5enHCaGarmµN_ k¾rEmgcgstVTku kñúgPUm3i cat;Tku Ca ehtuénTukç EdlvibsSnaPavnaKb,IBci arNa[eXIj edIm,IlH])aTankçne§ nH . 251

Gaytn³12 Kb,IkN M t;[eXIjTIekItrlt;rbs;cti þ CanamFm’ GaRs½yGarmµN_xageRkACarUbFm’ kalb:HpÞb;Kañ tNðarEmgekItmanenA Rtg;Gaytn³enaH Tukkç r¾ EmgekIteLIgenARtg;Gaytn³enHEdr. Fatu18 RBHsmµasm<nú e§ TsnasMEdg tamlMdab;ehtubc©y½ én kartak;Etgrbs;sgçarFm’GaRs½ymanckçFú atu manGarmµN_CarUbFatumk b:HpÞb; Cabc©y½ naM[ckçvú Bi aØaNFatuekItman . lMdab;énFatuTaMgLay KWman ehtubc©y½ GaRs½yKñaya:gdUecñHTaMgGs; enARtg;Fatu6xagkñgú . dUecñH Tukrç EmgekIteLIgenAkñgú PUm3i eRBaHGaRs½ymanxn§ Gaytn³ Fatu ÉtNða])aTank¾rEmgCab;CBM ak;GaRs½yRbkarTaMgenH. karsikSa RBHFm’TamTar[vibsSnabBaØa eXIjc,as;nvU ehtubc©y½ edIm,IQan eTAlHehtu nigbc©y½ enARtg;smaFiPavna .

\®nÞIy_ 22 \®nÞyI _EdlRbRBwteþ TArYmKña )andl;shCati®nÞyI _14 KWmni®nÞyI _1 suxi®nÞIy_1 Tukç®i nÞIy_1 esamnsSi®nÞIy_1 eTamnsSi®nÞIy_1 ]ebkç®i nÞIy_1 sT§®i nÞyI _1 vIryi ®i nÞyI _1 sti®nÞyI _1 smaFi®nÞyI _1 bBaØ®i nÞyI _1 GnBaØtBaØasSamIt®i nÞyI _1 GBaØ®i nÞyI _1 GBaØatavi®nÞyI _1 Ca\®nÞyI _ minEmnrUb CanamFm’ Cabc©y½ CaFMnaM[namFm’ nigrUbFm’ tak;Etg ekIteLIg)an nigRbRBwteþ TAGaRs½yGMNacén\®nÞyI _TaMgGs;enH. - GnBaØtBaØasSamIt®i nÞIy_ )andl;esatabtþimKÁBaØaN CaFMkgñú karbeg¥anGFüaRs½yrbs;Gkñ Rbtibtþi [sMKal;Tukkñgú citfþ aKg;ngw )an nUvRBHniBaVnCak;c,as;kgñú Griysc© EdlKb,IRtUvlHenARtg;Grhtþpl. 252

GBaØ®i nÞyI _)andl;elakutrþ BaØaN6 rab;taMgGMBeI satabtþpi lrhUt dl;GrhtþmKÁ CaFMkgñú karnaM[manGFüaRs½ycgmaM rMBgw eXIjfa Kg;ngw )andl;nvU RBHniBaVn dUckal)anseRmcesatabtþimKÁ . kal)an seRmcesatabtþpi l k¾rBM wgeTotfa Kg;ngw )anniBaV nya:gdUecñHEdr. - GBaØatavi®nÞyI _ )andl;GrhtþplBaØaN CaFMkgñú snþan)an Rtas;dgw cturariysc© seRmcs®manþenACasux. - \tß®i nÞyI 1_ bursi ®i nÞIy_1 cat;CaBYkrUbFm’ ckç®ú nÞyI _1 esati®nÞyI _1 Xani®nÞyi _1 CIv®ði nÞyI _1 kayi®nÞIy_1 cat;CanamFm’ . -CICIvti ®i nÞyI _ KWrbU CIvti ®i nÞIy_1 GrUbCIvti ®i nÞyI _1 cat;CanamFm’ rUbFm’.

Griysc©³4

Tuksç c© smuTysc© nieraFsc© mKÁsc© . - Tuksç c©³ )andl;elakiycit8þ 1dYg ectsik51 evorelaPectsik1 CasmuTy³ ekItenARtg;bBa©knç § )andl;namFm’ rUbFm’enHÉg. cMeBaHTukeç kIteLIgGMBIrbU Fm’CatYxønÜ enaH )andl;CatiTku ç EdlekIteLIg BIGakasFatuekþAxøagM RtCak;xaø gM karb:HTgÁci elIrUbragkay edayRb karepSg² esckþeI RskXøanCaedIm. CraTukç ekIteLIgGaRs½yGakar³ 32 RKaMRKaviklvikar manvibtþEi RbRbYl CaehtueFV[I BüaFi KWCm¶dW gáat; epSg² cUlmkebotebon eFV[I rUbragkay rbs;stVbKu ÁlQWcku cab; ekþApSa Gs;kmøagM vilmuxCaedIm. stVTaMgLaykalmrN³mkdl; etCaFatukgñú srIragÁkay k¾ekþAeralraleLIg exøacpSaQWcku cab; rkRb maNmin)an rhUteFV[I rUbFm’EbkFøayFatu dl;nvU esckþsI aø b; ehAfa 253

mrN³Tuk.ç Tukeç RkABIenH rYbrYmenARtg;])aTankçn5§ ekIteLIgenARtg; namFm’ GaRs½yman])aTancMeBaHvtßú stVbKu lÁ xageRkA nigxn§5Ca GarmµN_ . - smuTysc©³ )andl;tNða ])aTan CanamFm’xagelaPectsik CakarhYgEhg qnÞraK³ skáayTidEiæ dlCaehtuénTuk.ç - nieraFsc©³ )andl;RBHniBaVnCaGsgçtFm’ eRBaHrMlt;Gs;eTA éntNða GaRs½yrMlt;Gs;ehtu KWcti þ ectsik RBmTaMgGarmµNb,c½©y. - mKÁsc©³ )andl;mKÁGgÁ8CaFmµnyi amrMlt;Tku ç ¬emIlTM> 31¦.

bdic©smub,aT12 GviCa¢ sgçar viBaØaN namrUb sLaytn³ psS³ evTna tNða ])aTan PB Cati CramrN³ . bdic©smub,aT KWCaFm’ekIteLIg GaRs½ymanehtuCaRbPB kalekIteLIg plk¾ekIteLIgRBm b¤fa Fm’enHekIteLIg GaRs½ymanbc©y½ enH manehtuenaH CaRbPBeTIbekIt eLIg)an. sgçarFm’EdlekIteLIgenaH KWenARtg;RbugeFVI b¤tak;Etg GaRs½y manectnaCakusl CaGkusl Caehtu b¤faGaRs½ymanGviCa¢ KWemaeha esckþlI g¶ ; mindwgkñgú sc©³4Caehtu. eTIbkalsgçarekItman Cabc©½ynaM[viBaØaNekItman . viBaØaN KWcitþ kuslectnaectsik ekItmanRtg;PBmanmhaPUtrUb4 GakasFatu1 GaRs½ymannamrUb Cabc½©y . namrUbkalebIekItman rEmg)anCabc©y½ naM[sLay tn³ekItmanenARtg;namrUbenaH. Gaytn³6CalMenArbs;GarmµN_ CaTIEdlcit þetagykGarmµN_ Gaytn³ekItmanBIm haPUt rU b4 254

BIGakasFatu EdltaMgenACamYyKñak¾rEmgmankarb:HpÞb;Kañ ehIykar psS³enH k¾)anmkCaGarmµN_myY Edr. dUecñHkalebImanpsS³enARtg;Gaytn³Na Cabc©y½ naM[evTna ekIteLIgenARtg;Gaytn³enaH k¾cab;esay dwgrsrbs;psS³ rbs; GarmµN_ ehIyk¾sKM al;rsTaMgenaH)an Cabc©y½ naM[tNðaekItman KW esckþRI )afñacMeBaHrsrbs;GarmµN_enaH² kalebItNðaekItman Cabc©y½ naM[])aTank¾jaMgu Cn[cUleTAkan;yk Rbkan;maMceM BaHGarmµN_ k¾ ekItman esckþeI laPekIteLIg rEmgjaúgM buKÁl[Cab;CBM ak;ceM BaH GarmµN_enaH. Ékarkan;yk Rbkan;maMenaH KWkan;ykvtßsú tVbKu lÁ EdlmanenAkñgú PBenaH² Cabc©y½ naM[PBk¾ekItmaneLIg )andl; kmµPB1 ]b,tþPi B1 )anCabc©y½ naM[CatikeM NIt4 k¾ekItmaneLIg. Cra mrN³ esckþeI Rkóms¶tÜ citþ esckþxI SwkxSÜl esckþeI TamnsS EtgekItRBm eRBaHGaRs½yehtubc©y½ ya:genH . eXIjfabdic©smub,aTFm’ k¾mni enAeRkAGMBrI bU Fm’ namFm’enHEdr. TaMgenHKWCa BnøsW rM ab;karcMerInvibsSnaPavna eKaledA KWbegátI vibsSnabBaØa edIm,I rMlt;GviCa¢ EdlCab¤sKl;énTuk.ç GMBIvbi sSnajaN 10 eKaledArbs;vibsSnakmµdæan RbRBwtþeTA edIm,IbNþúHbBaØaelakutþr³ enAeBlbBaØaelakutþr³ekItman Kb,IjaMugbBaØaenH[rMlt;ehtubc©½y EdlnaM[Tukeç kIteLIgenaH. 255

dUecñHeyaKavcr EdlmanR)afñanUvGFibBaØasikça Kb,IykGarmµN_ TaMg6rbs;vibsSnakmµdaæ n mkcMerInPavna cMeBaHGarmµN_NamYytam Ebbbrmtßb,BaØtþi eTIbbBaØaelakutþr³ekIteLIg)an. karcMerInPavna GMBGI armµN_TaMg6 tamEbbbrmtßb,BaØtiþ maneQµaHfa vibsSnakmµdæan eTIbkMNt;)anfa kmøagM rbs;vibsSnajaNekItman GaRs½yman vibsSnakmµdaæ nCabc©y½ Ca]bkar³enaH. sUm,IkarrkSasIledIm,I[ sIlmankmøagM ekøovkøaeLIg)an k¾GaRs½yedaysarEtmhakuslBaJaN sm,yuteþ kItrlt;RBm kñgú karbeg¥aneTArkGarmµN_ Casikaç bTTaMgLay kareRbIR)as;bc©y½ 4 k¾dcU karsRgÜm\®nÞyI _ cMeBaHGarmµN_TaMgLay Edr.cMENkÉeBaFibkçyi Fm’TaMg7kgKWCakmøagM rbs;vbi sSnakmµdaæ nenH ÉGnubsSna3 k¾Kb,Ibeg¥aneTAelI lkçN³TaMg3CaGarmµN_ eTaHCa namFm’kþI b¤CarUbFm’kþI Edl)an nigkMBgu RbRBwteþ TAkñgú mYyxN³² enaH. mankarbdibtþti amlMGanenH eTIbeBaFibkçyi Fm’)anCaCMnyY kmøagM [vibsSnajaNekIteLIg)antamlMdab;dcU xageRkamenH ³ 1> smµsnjaN vibsSnajaNenH kalekIteLIg k¾nkw eXIjsgçarFm’rbs; namFm’ rUbFm’tak;Etgya:grh½s ekIteLIgehIy rlt;eTAvij bnþKañ edaymineTogTat; eTIbnamFm’ rUbFm’Edl)anR)akdeLIgehIyenaH k¾mni eTogTat;Edr. ÉPaBR)akdenaH KWmanEtnamFm’myY RbePT nig rUbFm’ekItrlt;myY xN³²enaH bnÞab;mksPavFm’enaHk¾ERbeTACaRbkar RbePTdéTtamsPav³rbs;ehtubc©y½ . kñgú xN³na»kasenH Kb,I Gb;rcM eRmInbBaØa [)andwgnUvsPav³rbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’myY RbePT² 256

[)anc,as; smµsnjaNk¾kN M t;dgw )anfa rUbFm’ namFm’EdlekIt eLIg ehIyrlt;eTAvij edaypøas;bþÚrrUbFm’ nigRbePTnamFm’éndYg nImyY ² edaydwgc,as;fa Gayurbs;rbU Fm’mYyRbePTenH ekIteLIg nigrlt;cHu rUbFm’myY RbePTeTotekIteLIgbnþ nigrlt;cHu k¾dcU namFm’ekIteLIg nigrlt;cHu ral;²xN³ kñgú mYyGayurbs;rUbFm’ . bBaØaBicarNaeXIj Gnic©aTilkçN³rbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’ya:genH man eQµaHfa smµsnjaN ¬emIlRtg;xNcit1þ 7 vifcI ti 7þ bEnßm¦. 2> ]TyBVyjaN smµsnjaN )anBicarNaeXIjGnici ©lkçN³rbs; namFm’ rUbFm’kB¾ ti Emn k¾bE:u nþbBaØaenH minTan;l¥ti lµm nwgjúagM karlHbg; b¤eXIjeTasrbs;sgçar)anenAeLIy eRBaHkarekIteLIg nigkarrlt; cuHrbs;namFm’mYyxN³² rh½seBkNas; naM[smµsnjaNekIt eLIgx½NEÐ RCk minTan;dl;nvU karBicarNaeXIjc,as; ya:géRkElgfa namFm’Na CakuslFm’ b¤CaGkuslFm’fañ k;Na² EdlkMBgu ekItrlt; tamEPñk Rtecok RcmuH GNþat kay citKþ dW gw min)anc,as;eLIy. dUecñHkarGb;rMceRmInvibsSnajaN KWenARtg;karkMNt;dgw RbePTénkusl Gkuslcitþ EdlkMBgu ekItrlt;enARtg;TaV r TaMg6 enaH eTIbGacebIk[]TyBVyjaN ekIteLIg dwgnUvRbePTnamFm’ kMBgu ekItenARtg;TaV rnImyY ² Cabc©y½ naM[esckþImni dwg KWGviCa¢ esckþI sgS½y kareXIjxuscMeBaHnamFm’rUbFm’ k¾rEmgrlt;eTA . ]TyBVy 257

jaNekIteLIg rMlt;esckIRþ bkan;maMceM BaHsPavFm’ EdlkMBgu ekIt rlt;myY xN³². 3> PgÁjaN ]TyBVyjaN )andl;R)aCJadwgc,as;nvU kiryi aekIt nigkiryi a rlt;snU üeTArbs;sgçarkñúgmYyxN³²faCaRbePTsgçarNa fñak;Na ekItrlt;enARtg;TaV rNa ekItmanya:gR)akdehIyk¾eday b:Eu nþesckþI eRtkGr esckþeI Bjcitþ esckþRI bkan;maMceM BaHsPavFm’TaMgLay EdlbuKÁl)ansnSM CayUryarmkehIykñgú sgçarvdþ k¾enAEttaMg maMENnCanic© enHehIyCabJsCamUlrbs;GviCa¢ nigtNðakñgú sPav³ CatYxnøÜ . eTIbenAeBl]TyBVyjaNekIteLIg RtUvGb;rcM eM rInbBaØa bEnßmeLIgeTot ehIyjúagM stibdæan [rlwkenARtg;karrlt; kar EbkFøayrbs;rUbFm’namFm’myY RbePT² kñgú mYyY xN³²enaH rhUt bBaØaekIteLIg emIleXIjEtkarrlt;cHu karEbkFøay minmansar³ KYreBjcitRþ bkan;maMenaHeLIy. karcMerInstibdæanedIm,Irlwkdwg nigRtiHriHBicarNa rhUtbBaØa enHekIteLIg eXIjsgçarFm’EbkFøay nigrlt;cHu RKb;²xN³ Edlfa minEbkFøayenaHminmaneLIy nig[emIleXIjfaminmansar³esaH sUnücaktYxnøÜ esckþeI Bjcitþ esckþeI RtkGr esckþRI bkan;maMkgñú sPav³fa CatYxnøÜ stV buKlÁ k¾ngw lHeTA . eyaKavcrKb,Irlwk nigBicarNa[eXIjnUvkarEbkFøayCaGarmµN¾ TaMgcMeBaHrUb evTna sBaØa sgçar nigviBaØaN edIm,IrMlt;tNða ])aTantamRbkary:agenH. 258

4> PyjaN sUmeFVkI arrMlkw eLIgfa citmþ YydYg² EdlekIteLIgkñgú mYy xN³² mankarekItrlt;qaø s;Kañ pg CYnkalsm,yutþ CamYyY Kñapg. ÉvibsSnajaN KWCabBaØaectsik ekItman GaRs½ykarcMerInvibsSna kmµdæan eXIjfajaNenH k¾CabBaØaectsik. dUecñHPgÁjaNekIteLIg ehIy k¾ngw rlt;eTAvij. enAeBlkMBgu cMerInvibsSnaPavna eTIbdwgfa kielsenAmankmøagM GacsnSMsnþan sUm,I)andak;cti eþ XIjkarrlt; karEbkFøayrbs;namFm’rbU Fm’ke¾ day esckþRI bkan;maM cMeBaHnamFm’ rUbFm’ fa Carbs;xnøÜ swgenAEtkb;ENnCavi)akkñgú snþan. dUecñHvibsSnaPavnaKb,IBci arNa[eXIjfa karrlt;rbs;sgçar CalMdab;enHfa CakarBicarNaeXIjP½y cMeBaHkarrlt;eTArbs; namFm’rbU Fm’bEnßmeTot. kalebIkarrlwk nigkarBicarNa eXIjkar ekItrlt;rbs;namFm’rUbFm’ KYr[P½yxøacehIyevlaNa PyjaN k¾ngw ekItR)akdkñgú xN³ EdlrUbFm’namFm’kBM ugekItrlt;enaH . ÉvibsSnaPavna KWenARtg;rlwk nigBicarNaTajetagykP½ycMeBaH sgçarCaGarmµN.¾ 5> GaTInvjaN PyjaNekItCaxN³²k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþenAeBlPyjaNenaH rlt; esckþeI RtkGr esckþeI Bjcitþ esckþRI bkan;maMfa rUbFm’ namFm’ Carbs;xnøÜ enAEtmaneRBaHvi)akciteþ nAminTan;rlt;eTIbkarcMerInvibsSnaPavnaRtUvBicarNark[eXIjeTasrbs;sgçar[)anCaerOy² bEnßm

ehIybEnßmeTot edIm,ICMnsY esckþRI bkan;maMfa namFm’rUbFm¾ Carbs; xønÜ kM[u ekIteLIg)an rhUtdwgfanamFm’rUbFm’ EdlkMBgu ekIt rlt;Ca eTasBit. bBaØaenHekItmaneLIgenAxN³Na GaTInvjaN k¾ngw ekIt maneLIgxN³enaHEdr . 6> niBTVi ajaN karcMerInvibsSnakñgú karrlwk nigkareXIjeTas rbs;sgçar k¾mni Tan;mankmøagM lµm kñgú karkMcat;bg;esckþeI RtkGr esckþRI bkan; maMfasgçar Carbs;xnøÜ )anenAeLIy. buKlÁ Edl)ancMerInGaTInvjaN mankmøagM cas;kaø k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþbnÞab;mkKb,IceM rInniBTVi ajaN KWbBaØa dwgc,as;fasgçar CasPavFm’KrY [enOyNay KYr[s¥b;ex<mI mini KYr eRtkGr. enAeBlEdldwgfaciteþ nOyNay s¥b;ex<ImekItR)akd )an esckþfI aniBTiV ajNekIteLIgehIy 7> muBa©itku mütajaN kalebIekItbBaØadwgfa esckþeI nOyNayFujRTan; cMeBaHnamFm’ nigrUbFm’kan;EtmankmøaMgxøagM køaeLIg²ehIy Kb,IRtUvemIleXIjfa citrþ bs;bKu ÁlE;;lgCab;CBM ak; kñgú erOgra:vrbs;sgçareTotehIy . eyaKavcrKb,IceM rInvibsSna tRmg;stienARtg;R)afña[ecjputcak namFm’ rUbFm’ eRbobdUcstVCab;kñgú RTug b¤GnÞak;Rbugcg;erIxønÜ [ecj rYceTAeRkA enHehAfa muBa©ti ku mütajaN .

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8> bdisgçajaN kalebImBu a©ti ku mütajaNekItR)akd Kb,IelIikyksgçar[sßti enA Rtg;RBHéRtlkçN¾ edIm,IykeFVCI a])ay kñgú karecj[putBIsgçar eTIb BicarNa[eXIjfa sgçarCarbs;mni eTogBit eRBaHekIteLIg ehIy rEmgrlt;snU üeTAvij. karBicarNadwgnUvlkçN³TaMg3enH edIm,I[sMerc])aykñgú kar ecjcaksgçarTaMgGm,alenH maneQµaHehA fabdisgçajaN. 9> sgçaruebkçajaN bdisgçajaN KWCabBaØaravrkmeFüa)ayecjcak putBIsgçar edayykRBHéRtlkçN¾CaGarmµN¾ kñúgkarBicarNalkçN³3rbs; rUbFm’namFm’. kalebI)anBicarNaeXIjRBHéRtlkçN_ tamsPav³ Bity:agenH Kb,IGb;rcM ti þCab;CBM ak; citeþ RtkGr ])aTancMeBaHsgçar [rlt;esckþIRbkan;fa Carbs;xnøÜ eyIgeKÉgGj. GntþasBaØak¾ R)adkeLIg esckþeI XIjfa sgçarmineTog k¾R)akdeLIg fasgçar CaTukç k¾kan;E; tR)akdeLIg rYceTIbBicarNabEgVrcitþ [eXIj fasgçarCa rbs; sUnücaktYxnøÜ KWeyIgsUnüsBVvtß1ú sBVvtßú sUnücakeyIg1 bnÞab;mk kMNt;faxønÜ minmanrbs;1 rbs;mni mankñgú xønÜ 1 GñkdéTminman rbs;1 karkMNt;GBM IlkçN³3enHrbs;sgçar Kb,IeFV[I Cak;c,as; rhUtcitþ rbs;eyaKavcrGs;t; k;søút Gs;xaø c Gs;Py½ Gs;sb¥ ; Gs;fañ gM fñak;Gs; RsLaj; ehIyemIleXIjfa citRþ BegIykenþyI kñgú sgçarTaMgGm,alenaH citEþ lgRbkan;faCarbs;xnøÜ rbs;eyIgeTot )anesckþfI asgçaruebkçajaN 261

ekIteLIgehIy. eyaKavcrKb,Ikt;sKM al;edayELkfa sgçaruebkça jaN enHCakMBlU rbs;vibsSna. cMeBaHGana)ansStikmµdaæ n EdlCa rUbCÄan kaleyaKavcrcMerInfñak;]ebkças‘b;edayvsI k¾ngw Gacbeg¥ancitþ kan;ykGakasanBa©aytnCÄan b¤RBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_)anedayBit . 10> GnuelamjaN kalebIsgçaruebkçajaN kMBgu ekItrlt; RbkbedayPaBcas; køaehIybnÞab;BmI anRBHéRtlkçN_CaGarmµN_ GacnwgeBal)anfaGriymKÁ

k¾ngw GacekIteLIg)ankñgú kalxagmuxenH . xN³enaHsgçaruebkçajaN I cMeBaHsgçar minkan;yklkçN³NamYyCa emIleXIjcitRþ BegIykenþy

GarmµN_eTotTaMgevTnakþI TaMgrUbQan GrUbQankþ.I kalcitþenaHyag cuHkan;PvgÁ lMdab;mkeTIbmenaTVaravC¢nkiryi aekIteLIg rMBgw nUvlkçN³Na mYydEdl kñgú lkçN³TaMg3CaGarmµN_bnþ eRkayenHkMNt;)anfamKÁ CvnvifTI 1I nwgekItrlt;eLIg maneQµaHfabrikmµ. brikmµmKÁCvncitþ TI2ekItrlt;bnþ k¾enAEtkan;ykGarmµN_ CaéRtlkçN_NamYyenaH dEdl maneQµaHfa ]bcar³. lMdab;B]I bcar³ mKÁCvncitTþ 3I enAEt bnþeFVIlkçN³TaMg3 énlkçN³NamYy [mkCaGarmµN_ ehIyCvn TI3enH k¾enAEtemIleXIjkic© EdlRtUveFVbI nþ dUcvibsSnaTaMg9xagelI ehIyk¾kan;EtemIleXIjfa RtUvEtGnuelameTAtameBaFibkçyi Fm’ TaMg37 EdlCapøvÚ )anRbtibtþei hIyenaH eTIbmaneQµaHehAfa Gnuelam ebIeBalfa sc©anuelamikBaØaNk¾)an . enARtg;GriymKÁvfi I enAeBlGnuelamCvn b¤sgçaruebkçaCvnrlt;cHu eKaRtPUcti eþ kIteLIg k¾ebIk»kas [elakutrþ mKÁ etagykRBHniBaVn CaGarmµN_vij . 262

eKaRtPUcitþ

plcitþ

tamFmµtaCvnvifI kñgú Cvnvar³mYyenH man7xN³citþ ekItrlt; bnþbnÞab;CamYyGarmµN_EtmYy b:Eu nþcti Rþ bRBwtþeTAkñgú GriymKÁ Rtg;Cvn vifI Edlman7xN³citþ manGarmµN_epSgKña KWCvnxN³TI1 man eQµaHfabrikmµ CvnxN³TI2 maneQµaHfa ]bcar³ CvnxN³TI3 maneQµaHfaGnuelam KWfaCvncitTþ aMg3xN³enH manlkçN³NamYy kñgú lkçN³TaMg3¬Gnic© Tukç Gntþa¦rbs;sgçarCaGarmµN_ enACa kamavcreKaRt . CvnxN³TI4ekIteLIg maneQµaHfaeKaRtPUcti ²þ rlt;cHu CvnxN³TI5ekIt eLIg)aneQµaHfa mKÁcti þekIteLIg etagTaj ykRBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_nmi ti vþ ji ehIyCvnxN³TI6 CvnxN³TI7 ekIteLIg KWCaplcitþ esayrsrbs;RBHniBaVnCaGarmµN_ . GdækfacarüelakeFVeI sckþ]I bma niBaVneRbóbdUcdYg RBHc®nÞ CvnTaMg3xN³ eRbobdUcburseXIjdYgRBHc®nÞ EdlR)ascakBBk biT)aMg edaymanxül;3kgbk;[ecj . eKaRtPUGacemIleXIjRBH niBaVn)an EtminTan;GacTmøayesckþgI gwt eBalKWkei ls)aneLIy. mKÁcitþ kalNaeKaRtPUcti þrlt; CvnxN³TI5 ekIteLIgmaneQµaHfa esatabtþimKÁcti þ sPaBCabufCu n¢ eKaRtk¾qgø put sPaBCaGriyeKaRt k¾R)akdeLIg. esatabtþimKÁcti eþ nH eTIbrMlt;kei lsfñak;Gasv³tam lMdab;)an .

kalebIesatabtþmi KÁcti þrlt; k¾Cabc©y½ naM[esatabtþpi lcitþ ekIteLIg edayminmancitdþ éT mkekItxNÐERCk)an eTIbelakutþr kuslcitCþ aGkalieka Cabc©y½ EdlnaM[elakutrþ vi)ak ekItbnþ )anPøam. elakutþrvi)akciteþ nH epSgBIv)i akcitþ EdlCaplcitrþ bs; elakiyCvn KWenARtg;v)i akcitþ rbs;elakiycitþ RtUvCvnciteþ say GarmµN_ enAeBlvi)akcitþenH eLIgkan;CvnvifI. ebIv)i akciteþ nHRbePT dYgNa elakiyCvnciteþ sayGarmµN_ k¾Cavi)akcitþRbePTdYgenaHEdr . Éelakutþrvi)akesayGarmµN_ KWCamKÁCvnvifEI tmþg bnÞab;BIelakutrþ mKÁ kuslCvn )anrMlt;kielsfñak;nImYy²Gs; elakutþrplCvn k¾ekIt eLIgPøam minrg;caMkal . bc©evkçNvifIcitþ kalNamKÁvfi cI ti þrlt; citeþ nHk¾yagcuHkan;PvgÁ bnÞab;mkeTIb menaTVaravC¢nvifIekIteLIgrlt;cuH kamavcrCvn jaNsm,yutþekIt eLIg )anCabc©evkçNvifcI ti kþ c¾ ab;Bci arNamKÁcti vþ ar³1 plcitvþ ar³1 kielsEdllH)anvar³1 kielsEdlenAsl;var³1 . ÉenARtg; GrhtþmKÁ BMmu ankarBicarNaedIm,IlHenaHeT KWmanEtkarrMlt;kei ls ]bkiáels[Gs;CasmuecäT eTIbGrhtþpl BMmu ankielssMrab;lH eLIy ehIyk¾Cakiryi aciteþ sayGarmµN_ EdlCacitþmni manvi)akbnþ.

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niBVanFatuminmanGarmµN_ RBHniBaV nCasPav³ecjcaktNða cakkiels b¤famankiels CaeRKÓgcak;ERsH edatRkgnaMecjehIy CaKuNFm’ d¾brisTu b§ pM tu kñgú karrMlt;ePøgI kiels ePøgI Tukç nigfa RBHniBaV nCaÉknþbrmsux CakMBlU énesckþsI xu BMmu anesckþsI xu déT eRbobpÞmw )an . Ep¥ktamn½yenH RBHniBaV n sMedAeTAelIcti þ ectsikd¾brisTu p§ rU pg; R)ascakkiels Gasv³ )andl;ectsiksux d¾kBM lU enaHÉg . -mansMNrY xøHfa zanRBHniBaV nenAÉNa ? ekciGacarüeqøyI fa ÉzanRBHniBaV nenaH CazanxagelIbpM tu én zanRBhµmanrUb \trUb b¤faenAbMptu énelak nigfaGñkEdleTAesay suxkñgú RBHniBaV nenaHeTot k¾CamnusSviessGs©arü>>>>>>> elakCaGñk rlt;nvU KMnrePøgI raK³ eTas³ emah³ KWePøgI TaMg 3 )anrlt;sabsUnü Gs;caksnþanrbs;elak>>>>>. -esckþsI EM dgxøHfa RBHniBaV nenATIbpM tu énelak CaeRtIynay eRBaHCaelakutrþ Fm’ CaFm’qgø putelakiy b¤faCasPav³EdléRkElg Cagelak b¤faRBHniBaV nCaGsgçtFm’ eRBaHmanbc©y½ tak;EtgBM)u an . -esckIþsMEdgxøHfa RBHniBVanCaeRtIynay Écitþ ectsikrUb sgçarCaeRtIyGay . -esckþxI Hø eTotfa RBHniBaV nCasPav³sUnü EdlRtUvnwgBakü suBaØ³enaH ehIyBaküfasUnüenH esÞrI Et)at;bg;ny½ rbs;Baküfa Éknþbrmsux enaHEfmeTotpg . 265

enARtg; elakutþrQanvifI rbs;Km<rI GPiFmµtßsgÁh³ )anEcgfa munxN³EdleKaRtPUCvnekIteLIg CvnvifxI N³TI1 ekIteLIgmaneQµaH fabrikmµCvn CvnxN³TI2ekIteLIg maneQµaHfa ]bcarCvn Cvn xN³TI3ekIteLIgmaneQµaHfa GnuelamCvn edayCvnTaMg3 xN³enH enACakamavcrkusljaNsm,yutþ manRBHéRtlkçN_CaGarmµN_rbs; vibsSnaPavna . kaleKaRtPUCvnekIteLIg ehIyrlt;cHu Gb,naCvn rbs;elakutþrmKÁekIteLIg maneQµaHfa jaNTsSn³ k¾cab;Tajetag ykRBHniBaV n mkCaGarmµN_vji . qøgtambTBiesaFn_rbs;´ enAeBlEdlsmaFiQanfñkw sÞat; edayvsI cab;BbI zmCÄan dl;ctutCß Äan bnÞab;mk]ebkçataMgs‘b;ekIt eLIg minkan;ykRtkUlxül;T4I eTot . kñgñú xN³enH cit´þ KWsti nig bBaØa RKan;EtBinti üsegátfa etICa]ebkçaBit² b¤cti þmanenACab;CBM ak;ngw Tukeç vTnaxøH²Edrb¤eT KWB)uM anykRBHéRtlkçN_NamYyTukCaGarmµN_ BicarNarbs;vibsSnaPavna [Cak;lak;enaHeT . eRkayBI´)anBinti ü segátsacuHsaeLIg eXIjfa ]ebkçaenH BitCa]ebkçaEmn² minCab; CMBak;edaytictYccMeBaHTukeç vTnaeLIy ehIyk¾jaugM ]ebkçataMgs‘b;enH [ecHEtRbRBwteþ TA Rsab;Etcitrþ bs;´ etagykRBHniBaV nCaGarmµN_ Etmþg ]ebkçaenH k¾rlt;)at;eTARBm citeþ XIjsPav³BiténRBHniBaV n R)akdkñgú menaTVar . Rtg;enH ´GacbEnßmn½yBaküfa RBHniBaV n KWCaGarmµN_EdleLIg putcakGarmµN_rbs;kamavcrcitþ rbs;mhKÁtcitþ eTIbGarmµN_Ca RBHniBVan minmansBaØa minmannimitþ [citþ ectsiksMKal;)anfa 266

CaGarmµN_RbePTNamYyeLIy eRBaHEtRBhµcriyFm’manRBHniBaVnCa TIRbRBwtþeTAxagmux manRBHniBaVnCaTIbMptu ¬RBhµcriyM niBaVnbraynM niBaVnbrieyasanM PaK22>TM>302¦. Kb,Iyl;fa citþCaGBüaKtFm’ ectsikCasehtukFm’ ÉGarmµN_Cabc©y½ ]btßmÖ [ehtutak;Etg)anCa sux-TukçevTnaekIteLIg . dUecñHkalectsikRtUvrMlt;edaysmµasmaFi GarmµNb,c©y½ k¾RtUv)anrMlt; jaNTsSn³ekIteLIg KWbrisTu §éRkElg CagenaHeTAeTot eTIbGacnwkeXIjRBHniBaV nenAkñúgmenaTVar)an . edIm,IrYmviPaKTandl;karEsVgyl; GMBvI iFIlHtNða[Gs;BsI nþan Kb,Iyl;[)an cab;BkI amarmµN_ nigkamavcrciteþ nHeLIgeTA . kamKuN CaGarmµN_rbs;kamavcrcitþ kamavcrcitþ EckCaRbePTkusl nigGkusl . EpñkkuslFm’ manGarmµN_RbePTbuNüCabc©y½ ÉEpñkGkuslFm’ manGarmµN_RbePT )abCabc½y©½ . rYmesckþmI k kmµTaMgLay EdlbuKlÁ )aneFVI suTE§ t)anmk CaGarmµN_rbs;Gkñ eFVI ehIykmµRbePTNa suTE§ t)anGb;rM rcnacitþ ectsikrbs;Gkñ eFVI [eTACal¥ GaRkk;dcU RbePTkmµ RbePTvtßkú am enaH²Edr . ectsikTaMgLay KWCab£sKl;éntNða ])aTan CabNþajrbs; ehtuénTukç . dUecñHdMbgU enH RtUvcab;lHkamarmµN_RbePT)ab )anCa kmµb,c©y½ naM[Gkuslectsik14dYg ekItrlt;rYmCamYyGkulscitþ 267

12dUgmin)an edaycab;epþmI smaTankuslkmµ )anCakmµb,c©y½ naM[ kuslectsik ekItrYmCamYymhakusl8 b¤ehAfakuslcitþ b¤ehAfa kuslFm’ b¤fa sIly:agenHk¾)an . Kb,IRtUvdwgfa karcMerInkuslFm’fañ k;slI b¤faesckþsI xu fñak; sIlenH enAmansPaBeRKatRKatenAeLIy eRBaHGaRs½ykuslcitþenH Cab;CBM ak;kgñú erOgra:v rbs;GarmµN_CakamKuN EdlsuTE§ tCabc©y½ én esckþTI ku ç eTIbRtUvcab;epþImlHkuslkmµ EdlCaGarmµNb,c©y½ énfñak; sIlenH CabeNþrI ² edIm,ITku »kas sikSaRBHkmµdaæ nbnþ . kmµdæan40 CaGarmµN_rbs;mhKÁtcitþ sUmbBa¢ak;fa Gana)ansStikmµdaæ nenH EdlRBHsmµasm<Tú § )an cMerInPavna rhUt)anRtas;dgw nUvsmµasem<aFiBaØaN . dUecñH kalebI eyaKavcrcMerIn)anfñkw l¥ cab;BRI tkUlxül;T1I rhUtdl;RtkUl xül; TI4 mann½yfa )ansMercfñak;bzmCÄan dl;ctutCß ÄanehIy . kalebI ]ebkça ekIteLIgtaMgs‘b;edayRbéB minbeg¥ankan;ykRtkUlxül;T4I eyaKavcrBMKu b,Ipaø s;brþÚ GarmµN_rbs;RBHkmµdaæ nenHecj ehIycab;rBM gw etagyknimitþrbs;kmµdæanepSg² bnþBI]ebkçaenH[esaH eRBaHCa ehtunaM[vibtþdi l;smaFi Edl)ancMerInehIy . müa:gKb,IRtUvdwgfa rebobcMerInksiN RtUvtaMgksiN[man enAcMeBaHmux BMEu mnbþÚrGarmµN_Gana)an³ecj mketagykGarmµN_ nimti Cþ axül; CaTwk ePøgI >>>> b¤TajetagykGakar³nimti þ CaFaturbs;rbU kaymkcMerInPavna kñúgxN³eBlEtmYyenaHeT . plvi)akKWman kmµdaæ neRcIn Edl)ancMerInPavna b:uEnþGacminR)akdmYyNa[c,as;las; 268

Rbtibtþvi ilvl;EtBIkmµdaæ nmYy eTAkmµdaæ nmYy naM[]bkáei ls k¾rEmg ekItmaneLIg rhUtekItTideæi pSg² k¾sgw man . CYnkalGackMNt; min)anfa mankmµdaæ nmYyNa EdlxønÜ Kb,IceM rInenAkñgú GtþPaBenH vsI cMeBaHkmµdaæ nenaH² k¾mni )ansÞat;Bti R)akkd kMNt;RtkUlxül; TItaMg rbs;RtkUlxül;nImyY ² k¾mni )andwg[R)akd eKaledAedIm,IQaneTA cMerInvibsSnaPavna k¾BmMu an . CYnkalGacdak;Fru ³ mincMerInPavnabnþ eRBaHyl;fa kalebIGb;rcM eM rInsmfkmµdaæ n dl;fañ k;]ebkçaya:genH karsikSabnþeTAeTotminmaneLIy . sUmbBa¢ak;Baküfa brikmµenHpgEdr eRBaHekciGacarüeRcInman karyl;xus²Kña . elakxøHR)ab;fa eyaKavcr Kb,IeBaleLIg b¤ehA eQµaHrbs;RBHkmµdaæ nnImyY ² tamrebobCaxSwb² k¾man b¤nkw KitCa rebobTenÞjk¾man dUcCafa dI dI>>> BueT§a BueT§a>>>> GsuPehIme)a:g²>>> CaedIm b¤beBa©jvcIkmµ b¤nkw KitEbbTenÞjfa ³ xül;ecjEvg Gatµa Gjdwg xül;clU Evg GatµaGjdwg>>>>>. edIm,IEsVgyl;GMBIBakübrikmµenH Kb,Iyl;BaküfaQan etImanGtßny½ maneKaledA mankarbdibtþyi a:gdUcemþcCamunsin . Qan ERbfa FmµCatiKti nUvGarmµN_ sMLgw yknUvGarmµN_ edIm,Idtu nUvnIvrNFm’ EdlCasRtUvrbs;Qan eRBaHCaehtuGaRs½y enArbs;kamavcrcitþ . dUecñHQanenH CacitEþ dlsMLgw smfkmµdaæ n CaGarmµN_ edaysm,yutCþ amYyectsik EdlCaGgÁQanTaMg5enaH ÉGakar³sMLgw manrebobya:gNaenaH KWbrikmµCvnenHÉg . brikmµenH KWsLM gw RbugRby½tñ edaymanGgÁQannigstiCakmøagM sMLgw sBVGenøI 269

cMeBaHEtGarmµN_Casmf³NamYy edaymanstiCaGñkXMRu Kg man jaNCaGñkdwg edIm,IkMu[citþ beg¥aneTAetagGarmµN_epSg²)an[esaH . BaküfabrikmµPavna sMedAeTAelIkci ©bdibtþi Edl)anRbRBwtþ eTACaerOy²enaH edaymanbrikmµCvn CaGñksMLgw b¤esaynUvGarmµN_ nimti þ EdlehAfa brikmµnmi ti þenARtg;menaTVarb:eu NÑaH . bzmCÄdæanmanRtkUlxül;TI1 CaGarmµN_ FmµtaCvncitþ EdlkMBgu sMLgw b¤esayGarmµN_ ekItrlt; CamYyectsik . ÉrU)avcrcitfþ añ k;bzmCÄan EdlkMBgu sMLgw RtkUl xül;T1I RtUvekItrlt;CamYyectsik5dYg KW vitká³1 vicar1 bit1i sux1 ÉkKÁta1 . karsikSaGMBcI ti þ Kb,Idgw fa Qanciteþ kIttammenavifI b:eu NÑaH minekItenARtg;bBa©TaV rvifeI T dUecñHminKb,IjaugM vcIkmµ [ekIt eLIgeLIy KWjaugM Etsti nigjaN[R)akdeLIgb:eu NÑaH . ebIsni CaeyaKavcr minGacsÁal;RbePTGgÁQannImyY ²)an l¥RbéBeT naM[ÉkKÁtasmaFiekIteLIgehIy b:uEnþsKM al;mni )an . krNIEbbenH Kb,IeronsMKal;Rtwmfa kalciteþ tag nigRtac;tamRtkUl xül;EvgenH )annwgnl¥ minmannimti rþ bs;GarmµN_déT minRcLMrvag degðmI ecj-cUl minFujRTan; minrYjra minegakguy minfñagM fñak; eXIjmanEtesckþsI xu s¶b; cMeBaHEtRtkUlxül;myY enH snµtfa rU)avcrcitþ fñak;bzmCÄan ekIteLIgehIy eBlenaH eyaKavCnKb,Iyl;fa GgÁQanTaMg5 rEmgekIteLIgRBmEdr . enHCaviFlI HtNðafñak;kamavcrcitþ Edlmankamvitká³ Büa)aT vitká³ vihgw Savitká³CaehtuénesckþCI ab;CBM ak; cMeBaHkamKuN edayjaugM 270

GgÁQanTaMg5 [etagsMLgw RtkUlxül;T1I ya:genH eTIbrU)avcrcitþ fñak;bzmCÄanekIteLIg kamavcrcitkþ ¾lHGs;eTACaxN³² . TutiyCÄanmanRtkUlxül;TI2 CaGarmµN_ Kb,Icab;Bni ti üemIlGMBI GgÁQan2sin KWvti ká³ nigvicar³ enH ehIyEdl)anjaMgu citþ [etagGarmµN_ nigRtac;eTAtamGarmµN_enARtg; menaTVar EdlnaM[bzmCÄancitþenH enACab;CBM ak;ngw GarmµN_ minTan; Gacdl;nvU esckþsI uxd¾prU pg;)an . eTIbTutyi CÄanciteþ nH RtUvlH vitká³ nigvicar³ecj edayjaMug[RtUklU xül;T1I enaH ecHEtxøeI TA² CaRtkUl xül;T2I . dUecñHKb,Idgw fa ry³xøéI nxül;degðmI xøeI nHehIy Edl)an TMnku bMrgu [citGþ aclHvitká³ vicar³ecj)an Ésti nigjaNRKan;Etdwg )anfa manbIti sux³ nigÉkKÁtaectsik cMeBaHRtkUlxül;TI2enHEtmYy b:eu NÑaHCaGarmµN_ . cUrsegátcMeBaHTutyi CÆancitþ Edlsm,yutCþ amYybIti sux³ nigmanGarmµN_EtmYy k¾Kg;eXIjfa mansPaBpUrpg;CagbzmCÄancitþ minxan KWenARtg;cti eþ nH minmanvitká³ nigvicar³ eTaHbIenAmanbc©y½ KWRtkUlxül;TI2enHk¾eday . enHCaviFIlHehtu rbs;kgTukç KWlH ectsik2dYgenHÉg . ttiyCÄanmanRtkUlxül;TI3 CaGarmµN_ ehtuEdlRBHsmµasm<Tú §[lHvitká³ vicarectsikecj enARtg; Tutyi CÄanciteþ nH BIeRBaHvitkáectsik vicarectsikenH nwgGacenA tak;Etg[tNða ])aTanekItteTAeTot)an eTIbRtUvlHGgÁQan2enH ecj. enARtg;tti ttiyCÄan RtUvlHbIbItei ctsikecjbnþeTot eRBaHfabItei nH 271

k¾Caehtu[])aTankçne§ kIteLIg)an. ÉviFlI HenaH Kb,Ibgçti RtkUlxül; TI2[ecHEtxøeI TA² kM[u Føak;dl;kEnøgedIm b¤fakalRtkUlxül;xøeI naH ecHEtxølI ¥ti eTA² sPaBénxül;l¥ti enH k¾TnM ku bMrgu [bItli H)at;eTA Edr Ésti nigjaN RKan;Et)andwgfa manEtsuxevTna nigGarmµN_myY KWRtkUlxül;T3I enHb:eu NÑaH ¬ÉkKÁtaectsik¦. kalebIlH)anectsik 3xagelI ebIRKan;EtsBa¢wgKitbnþci eTaHbIfaminTan;)anBal;RtUveday citpþ aÞ l;kþI k¾Kg;Gacsµan)anfa esckþIsxu kñgú ttiyCÄanenH BitCapUrpg;; CagQancitTþ aMg 2xagedImminxan . ctutßCÄanmanRtkUlxül;TI4 CaGarmµN_ kalGb;rcM eM rInfñak;bzmCÄan Tutyi CÄan ttiyCÄan fñkw eday vsI citkþ an;Ets¶b;eTA² xül;dkdegðIml¥ti enaHk¾kan;Etl¥it nigm:t;eTA² pgEdr CaehtunaM[degðmI dkecj-cUl exIcmkenARtg;ekþagRcmuHb¤ enARtg;cgu RcmuHEtmþg )anCaRtkUlxül;T4I . suxevTnak¾lHGs;eTA manenAsl;EtÉkKÁtaectsik EdlekItrlt;CamYyrU)avcrcitþ fñak;ctutß CÄanenH. sti nigjaNRKan;)andwgfa eXIjmanEtxül;dkdegðmI gak ecj gakcUl enARtg;cgu RcmuHb:eu NÑaH . viFcI MerInxül;dkdegðImecj-cUl CameFüa)ay énkarlHkiels tNða ])aTan EdlCaehtuénkgTuktç amRbkarenH kalebIeyaKavcr cMerInPavna )anfñak;ctutCß Äan ectsikCaGgÁQan4 k¾lHCaRsLH enAsl;EtÉkKÁtaectsik dwgGarmµN_EtmYy mann½yfa ehtuénesckþTI ku ç KWectsiklH)anehIy enAsl;Etbc½©y KWGarmµN_myY enH b:eu NÑaH . 272

]ebkçataMgs‘b; citþR)ascakdegðImecj-cUl kalcMerInctutCß Äan ecHEtRbRBwteþ TACaerOy² rhUtRbkbeday vsI ÉkKÁtaectsik etagykEtRtkUlxülTI4 CaGarmµN_ ]ebkça taMgs‘b;ekIteLIgxN³Na RtkUlxül;T4I k¾rlt;)at; sti nigjaN RKan;Etdwgfa citmþ ni etagykGarmµN_nimti eþ Tot Kb,IGb;rcM MerInPavna ]ebkçaenH [Tal;EtsÞat;edayvsI . enAeBlbdibtimþ kdl;Rtg;]ebkçaenH ´k¾epÞógpÞat;emIlfa Ca]ebkça Emn² b¤manenACab;CBM ak;ngw Tukeç vTnaxøH² . Binti üsacuH saeLIg eXIjfa Ca]ebkçad¾brisuTE§ mn² ´k¾ecHEtjaMgu ]ebkçataMgs‘b;[kan; EtpUrpg;eTA² eRkaymk Rsab;Etcit´þ Gacbeg¥ankan;ykRBHniBaV nCa GarmµN_)an . srubesckþmI k smµasmaFi®nÞyi enHehIy EdlGaclHtNða)an tamRbkarxagelIenH . smµasmaFi®nÞyi lHGgÁQanCaectsikTaMg 5 EdlCasmuTy³énTukç cugeRkayGaclHGarmµN_ Cabc©y½ énkgTukç [Gs;BsI nþan citdþ b¾ risuTe§ kIteLIg beg¥ankan;ykRBHniBaV nCaGarmµN_ )an. elakutárcitþ Edl)anekIteLIgxN³enH maneQµaHehAfa jaN TsSn³ehIy . Rtg;enHehIyEdlRBHsmµasm<Tú § RTg;)anRtas;sEM dgfa cMerInsmaFiPavna[)aneRcIn edIm,I)anjaNTsSn³enaH . Ep¥ktambTBiesaFn_Cak;Esþg ´GackMNt;)anfa eyaKavcrEdl manR)afñasMerc)annUvRBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_ eTaHmankarbdibtþi vibsSna PavnaCaxagedImkþI b¤mankarbdibtþsi mfPavna CaxagedImkþI b¤mankar bdibtþirmY KñakþI Kb,IRtUvEtcMerInsmfPavna [Qancitnþ mI yY ² fñkw eday 273

vsICamunsin . kalebIceM rInsmf³ eLIgdl;fñak;ctutßCÄan ]ebkçataMg s‘b;ekIteLIgxN³Na eTIbcab;ceM rInvibsSnaPavna GMBrI bU Fm’namFm’ [eXIjBit tamRBHéRtlkçN_sni eTIbcab;beg¥ancitþ [taMgenARtg; ]ebkçataMgs‘b;enHvij rhUtbrisuTp§ Urpg; xN³bnÞab;eTIbjaNTsSn³ ekIteLIg eXIjRBHniBaV n)an . ÉkareXIjRBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_enaH mintRmUv[manlkçxN ½ Ð dUckalsmfPavna vibsSnaPavna kMBgu RbRBwteþ TAxagedImenaHeT KWfakalebIsmf-vibsSnaPavna bMeBjlkçxN ½ Ð)ansBVRKb;bribUrxN³ Na jaNTsSn³ k¾rEmgekIteLIgxN³enaH . elakutþrcitþ manRBHniBVanCaGarmµN_ esckþeI RtkGr¬cMeBaHGarmµN_¦ CakielscgstVTku esckþIRtiHriH CaeRKOgRtac;eTA¬tamGarmµN_¦ eRBaHehtuenH karlHtNðaecj elak eBalfa RBHniBaV n edaymanbT)alIEcgfa ³ nnÞi seBaØaCena elaeka vitkásS vicareNa tNðay vib,haenn niBaV nM \ti vuc©ti . mKÁGgÁ8Rbkar CabdibTamKÁkgñú karlHnUvtNða edIm,IsMercnUv RBHniBaV n eTIbBaküfa mKÁmanGtßesckþfI a Fm’EsVgrknUvRBHniBaV n b¤fa Fm’EdlbuKÁlCaGñkRtUvkarnUvRBHniBaV nEtgEsVgrk b¤fasPav³smøab;nvU kiels . edaysarGriysc©³4 KWmankarRbtibtþei nARtg;mKÁGgÁ8Rbkar Kb,IrbY rYm énkarbdibtiGþ dñgkÁi mKÁdcU xageRkam ³ - smµaTid§i cat;Tku CatYvibsSnajaNpg cat;Tku CatYbBaØapg EdlkarsikSaKb,IemIl[eXIjedayjaN3 cMeBaHGriysc©³nImyY ² . 274

RBmTaMgKb,IetagmanbBaØa dwg[)anc,as;GBM kI ci ©4 EdlRtUvbdibtþi cMeBaHGriysc©³nImyY ² . - smµasgáb, ekItrlt;rYmCamYysmµaTidiñ eXIjsPav³ Bit nigkic©EdlRtUvbdibtþi edaykaykmµ vcIkmµ rYmmansmµavaca smµakmµnþ smµaGaCIv³ edIm,I]bkar³dl;karlHkamvitká³ Büa)aTvitká³ vihgw Sa vitká³ cMeBaHkamarmµN_ecj rYccab;epþmI cMerInPavna kñgú karsMLgw rMBgw smfkmµdæan edaybrikmµCvn sm,yutþedayGgÁQan5 ¬ectsik5dYg¦ ehAfa enkçmvµ ti ká³ ya:genHk¾)an . GgÁQan5 enaHKW vitká³ vicar bIti cat;CabkiNkÑ ectsik sux³ CasuxevTnaectsik tak;Etg[sehtukesamnsSkuslciteþ kIteLIg ÉkKÁtaectsik CasBVcti sþ aFarNectsik . cMENkGarmµN_rbs; kmµdaæ n sUmTukGana)ansStikmµdaæ n CaTItaMgsMrab;ceM rInPavna dUc)an briyaybnþbnÞab;mkehIyenaH . GgÁmKÁTaMgBIrenH eXIjfa rYbrYmkarbdibtþi edIm,IlHtNða KWRbCMcu Hu enARtg;smµaTidEiæ tmYy rYmTaMgsmµavaca smµakmµnþ³ smµaGaCIv³ k¾man karbdibtþiRBm kñúgxN³EdlmanbBaØaeXIjeTasrbs;kamKuN ehIymKÁ GgÁ5enH Gacmann½yfabdibtþRi Bm kñgú »kaskMBgu GgÁyú cMerInPavna Gana)ansStikmµdæanenaHpgEdr eRBaHGgÁmKÁ3enHCavirtiectsik ekItmanenAkñgú xN³enHEtmþg . - smµavayam CadMeNIrbdibtþiCaerOy² enARtg;smµasmaFipg enARtg;smµastipg . - smµasti enHGaccat;clU eTAkñgú smµaTidæi enAkñúgkarbdibtþi RbcaMéf¶ . Kb,Iyl;fa smµasti sMedAeTAelIeBaFibkçyi Fm’ KWstib,dæan4 275

mankayanubsSna1 evTnanubsSna1 citaþ nubsSna1 FmµanubsSna1 Gaccat;Tku CaGarmµN_rbs;vibsSnaPavnak¾)an eRBaHmanGtßfa eXIj tamsPav³BitdUcKña GaRs½ykarrlwk nigBicarNaCaerOy²enH . - smµasmaFi GgÁmKÁ7 xagedIm mankarRbRBwteþ TACaerOy² )anRbéB enAeBlmanbBaØayl;c,as; GMBbI dibTamKÁTaMg7enH Kb,Icab; cMerInsmaFiPavna eTIbCabhankicd© C¾ aRbFan kñgú karlHehtubc©y½ én tNða [Gs;eTACasmuecäT . eXIjfasmfPavna vibsSnaPavna RbRBwteþ TA minGacpþac;ecalmYyNa)aneLIy . edIm,IrYmviPaKTan kñgú karEsVgyl;BaküRBHniBaV n EdlfaGarmµN_ rbs;elakutþrcitþ sUmbBa©ak;B; aküfa ]ebkçataMgs‘b; ¬]ebkça sNæati¦ enH KWCa]ebkçaectsik minRbkbedayehtu minRbkbedaybc½©y eRBaH ehtubc©½yenH lHGs;CasmuecäT b:Eu nþCaelakiyciteþ nAeLIy . mUlehtu]ebkçataMgs‘b;enH kalekIteLIg citþ sti sBaØaectsik enAEtsMKal;)anfa CaFm’eRbob)anCaGarmµN_myY RbkareToteTaHbI ]ebkçaenH minetagykxül;dkdegðImecj-cUleTotk¾eday . kalebI ]ebkçaenHeLIgputBIsxu -Tukeç vTna )anCasgçaruebkçajaN KWjaNdwgfa citEþ lgCab;CBM ak;ngw sgçar KWsxu nigTukçTaMgxül;dkdegðmI EdlCaehtu bc©y½ rbs;elakiyFm’ eTIb]ebkçataMgs‘b;enH enACaelakiyy:agenH. - mUlehtudcU emþc xN³Edl]ebkçataMgs‘b; ERbeTACajaN TsSn³ EdlCajaNR)ascakehtubc©y½ ekIteLIgxN³Na RBHniBaVn k¾mkCaGarmµN_)an enARtg;menaCvnxN³enaH . 276

viBaØtkiþ mµénBaküRBHniBaVn )anbriyayrYcehIy b:Eu nþGac elIksMNrY )anfa etIBaküenHekItmun b¤ekIteRkay bnÞab;BRI BHGgÁ)an Rtas;dgw . munRBHBuTR§ tas;dgw BYkRBahµN_EsVgrk RBHniBaV nenH edayeRbIBaküfa emakçFm’ ÉviFIbdibtþienaH RBahµN_rkeXIjRtwmGrUb Qan4 snµtfa )ansMercemakçFm’ Edlmann½yesµnI gw Baküfa RBHniBaV nEdr . ebIeyaleTAelIBTu §b,vtþi nigkarRtas;dgw Fm’ rMlt;Tku ç Baküfa RBHniBaV n Gacsnñdi aæ n)anfa RBHGgÁeRbICaxageRkay bnÞab;B)I anRtas;dgw enAeBlecjsMEdgFm’eR)asstV . dUecñHkar sMKal;sPav³RBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_manlkçN³ya:gNa [R)akdtam ry³citþ ectsik bBaØa EdlCasehtukFm’enaH KWkN M t;[Cak;lak; BMGu ackMNt;)aneLIy eRBaHCasPav³minEmnGarmµN_ . b:Eu nþRBHniBaV n nimti eþ kItenARtg;menaTVaredayBit tamrebobCaEbbnwkeXIj eday BaJaNTsSn³enaH . eXIjfa RBHsmµasm<T<ú k§ MNt;nyi mn½yBaküfa niBaV nenH eTAtamsPavFm’rbs;ehtu nigrbs;bc½©yénFm’b:eu NÑaH . ehtuEdlfa RBHniBaV n manGtßPi aBR)akdenARtg;menaTVar)anenaH Kb,Iyl;Baküfa jaNTsSn³ ekItecjBIFmµCatiGVI Camunsin . jaNTsSn³ekItecjBI]ebkçataMgs‘b; EdlCacitþR)ascak GarmµN_enAeBleKaRtPUCvnekIteLIg ]ebkçaenHk¾cab;rlt;)at;eTARBm Edr . kalebI]ebkçaenHrlt;)at; viBaØaNFaturbs;bKu Ál ekIteLIgtam menaTVarbnþ b:Eu nþtak;Etgcitþ ectsik EdlCasehtukFm’ enARtg; elakutrþ mKÁCvnþenaH [ekIteLIgmin)an BIeRBaHGaRs½yFm’ KWehtu 277

nigbc©y½ rbs;cti þ)anrMlt;Gs;CasmuecäTehIyCaxagedIm . eTIbxN³ EdlmenaviBaØaNFatuekIteLIg maneQµaHehAfa jaNTsSn³vij min ehAfacitþ ectsikeTot . sUmrMlkw eLIgvijfa citRþ Kb;dgY EdlGacekItrlt;eLIg suTE§ t RtUvmankuslectsik Gkuslectsik GBaØsmanaectsik ekItrYmCa mYy nigmanGarmµN_Cabc½©y eTIbekIteLIg)an eTaHbIGarmµN_enaH CaRbePT rUbFm’ namFm’ Fm’ b£bBaØtFiþ m’ke¾ day . - ehtudUcemþc jaNTsSn³minGaceXIjnUvGarmµN_rbs; elakiy Edlcitþ ectsikFøab;)andwg )anesayeRcInGenkdgenaH . jaNTsSn³ ehAfa bBaØackçkú )¾ an rYmmanBaküfa ³ - jaN ERbfa kiryi adwg dUcBaküfa jaNpusna ERbfa FmµCatiCaeRKOgBal;RtUv KWjaN . - TsSn³ ERbfa kiryi aeXIj . dUecñHBaküfa jaNTsSn³enH sMedAdl;Pav³énkiryi aeXIj KWjaN b¤faCaPav³énkiriyaeXIjedayjaN EdlCaR)aCJad¾vei ssenaH . 2mUlehtu edaysarjaNTsSn³ CasPav³brisT u é§ RkElg eRBaHminsm,yuteþ daysehtukFm’ eBalKWmni sm,yuteþ dayGehtukcitþ ectsikEdlCaFm’rEmgGaRs½yenACamYynwgGarmµN_Cabc©½y müa:gedaysarEtjaNTsSn³ekIteLIgbnþB]I ebkçataMgs‘b; EdlCacitþ R)ascakehtubc©y½ jaNTsSn³ekIteLIg k¾R)ascakehtuCa smuTy³ R)ascakbc©y½ Caelakiy³Edr eTIbjaNTsSn³enH Elg enACasgçarFm’eTot ÉGarmµN_RBHniBaV nenAmaneQµaHfa GarmµNb,c½©yu 278

k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþkC¾ abc©y½ tak;EtgsgçarFm’mni )andYcKña eTIbFmµFatu TaMgBIrRbkarenH GacbegátI CasPav³b:HpÞb;Kañ )an . eRBaHehtubc©y½ GaRs½yRbkarya:genHGacsnñdi aæ n)anfa RBHBuTb§ BaØtBþ aküRBHniBaVn enHbnÞab;BRI BHGgÁ)anRtas;dgw . - ehtuGIV eTIbjaNTsSn³maneQµaHfa elakutrþ cit?þ - Baküfa elakutþr³mkBIBaküelak³ nig]tþr³ . - ]tþr³ CaKuNnam ERbfaxagelI d¾elIs d¾éRkElg RbesIr . dUecñHBaküfa elakutþr³GacERbfa xagelIelak elIsGMBeI lak KWenARtg;RbesIréRkElgCagelakiyciteþ naH eRBaHRBHsmµasm<Tú E§ ck RbePTcitBþ rI Rbkar KWelakiycitþ nigelakutþrcitþ . elakutrþ citþ sMedAelIjaN KWcab;BjI aNTsSn³enH eRBaHkar sikSak¾)aneXIjfa jaNTsSn³ EdlCaelakutþrcitþenH RbesIréRkElg Cagelakiycityþ a:gBitR)akd . dUecñHBakü ]tþr³ ERbfa xagelIenaH BuEM mnmann½yfa enATIzanxagelI pÞyú BITzI anxageRkamenaHeT . ÉBaküfa xagelIénelak b¤qgø putelak k¾BEuM mnmann½yfa xagelI cRkvaLputBIkNþab;PBEpndIrbs;mnusSelakenHk¾eTEdr . kalebIyl;)anGMBBI aküfa elakutrþ citþ EdlmanRBHniBaV nCa GarmµN_ tamRbkardUc)ansMEdgxagelI GacrYmviPaKTaneFV[I TsSn³ RBHniBaV nenH mkenACit minenAq¶ayeBkdUcmun)anxøH² b:Eu nþebIman karbdibtþi eTIbeXIjsPav³Bit)an . 279

RBHniBVan3Rbkar edIm,IsEM dgGtßesckþI [mkenAkan;EtCit rbs;bBaØajaN sUm elIkBuTv§ cn³Baküfa niBaV n 3RbkarmkbBa¢ak;bEnßmKW ³ 1-suBaØtniBaV n ³ Baküfa suBaØ ERbfa sUnü TeT eBalKW RBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_ EdlmansPav³sUnüTeT b¤faGarmµN_ EdlmanEteQµaH sRmab;ehA BMEu mnCarUbFm’ namFm’ BMEu mnCaFm’ BMEu mnCabBaØtiþ bu:EnþelakutþrmKÁCvn GacnwkeXIjnUvniBVanenH)anenARtg;menaTVaredayBit k¾bE:u nþkarKYc kan;nkw eXIjniBaV nenaH KWBEMu mnCaGarmµN_NamYy EdlcitFþ aø b;)an esayknøgmkpgEdr KWRKan;EtCaFmµFatuEdlb:HpÞb; nwgjaN²k¾nwk eXIjniBVan niBVan>>>>ya:genHEtmþg . munxN³EdlniBaV nBal;RtUvnwgjaNTsSn³ KWbrikmµCvn1 ]bcar Cvn1 GnuelamCvn1 )anetagykGntþaFm’ TukCabdibTarbs;vibsSnaPavna rhUtTal;EtsgçaruebkçajaNekIteLIg maneQµaHfa ]ebkça taMgs‘b;ekIteLIg ehIyrlt;cHu elakutrþ mKÁCvn ekIteLIg k¾etagyk suBaØtniBaV nenHCaGarmµN_ cMENktYxnøÜ tYsgçark¾mni )antaMgenACaGarmµN_ eTot manEtjaNEdlKYcKiteXIjnUvRBHniBaV nb:eu NÑaHCaGarmµN_ . 280

2-Gnimti nþ Bi aV n ³ GaRs½yCvnxN³TaMg3xagedImekIteLIg manGnic©lkçN³ Ca GarmµN_rbs;vibsSnaPavna . kalebIbBaØa nigstiekIteLIg sgçaruebkça jaNk¾dgw )anya:gc,as;fa citrþ cY putRsLHesckþsI KM al;fa eTog mineTogeTot rYcjaugM ]ebkçataMgs‘b;[ekIteLIg . sgçaruebkçajaN ehAfa GnuelamjaNk¾)an CajaNEdldwgminxus d¾brisTu § pUrpg; R)ascakehtu nigbc½y© nigCajaNEdl]bkar³bnþeTA[jaNTsSn³ ekIteLIg BMGu acGak;xan)an b¤myY GacehAfa vudaæ nKaminvI bi sSna k¾)an BIeRBaHvibsSnaPavnaenH CavibsSnaPavnacug eRkaybMptu kñgú karnaMecjnUv bdibTajaNTsSnvisTu i§ edIm,I[ekItvibsSnajaNTaMg Lay rhUtjaugM [jaNTsSn³ekIteLIg)an . kalebIsgçaruebkçajaNekIteLIg nigrlt;cHu jaNTsSn³ ekIteLIg manGnimti nþ Bi aV nCaGarmµN_ . jaNTsSn³xN³enH ehAfa esatabdimKÁ ekItrlt;enARtg;CvnxN³TI5 ehAfaGnimti aþ ecetavimtu þi EdlehAfa citþrYcRsLH BIkielstNða edayminmanGarmµN_ nimti eþ naH . 3-Gb, Gb,Nhiihti niBaV n ³ esckþxI su Kña KWenARtg;CvnxN³TaMg3xagedIm rbs;Qan elakutrþ vifI manTukçlkçN³rbs;sgçarCaGarmµN_ rbs;vibsSnaPavna eXIjtamBitfa sgçarCaTukPç y½ k¾Bci arNalHtNðabNiFi EdlFøab;Et tmál;Tuk enARtg;GarmµN_nmi ti Cþ aTukeç nHecj . kalNasgçaruebkça jaNekIteLIg ]ebkçak¾taMgs‘b;ElgkMerIkeTArksux-Tukeç vTnaeTot 281

eRBaHGnuelamBaØN)andwgBit dwgminxus RsbdUcjaNTaMgLayEdl )anekIteLIg bnÞab;mkk¾naM[jaNTsSn³ekIteLIg etagykGb,Ni hitniBaV nenHCaGarmµN_ . srubesckþBI aküfa niBaV nman3Rbkarya:genH k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþ manGtßesckþdI cU Kña KWsnU ü ehIysUnüenH k¾mann½yfa minmanGarmµN_ nimti þ ehIyGnimti eþ nH k¾mann½yfa minmanTItaMg KWmni manGarmµN_ [cittþ mál;enA . Ep¥ktamGtßesckþI énRBHniBaV nTaMg3RbkarenH eXIjfa jaN TsSn³ enAmanRBHniBaV nCaGarmµN_ ÉGrhKÁplBaØaN k¾lHGs;eTA nUvRBHniBaV nenH min)anmkCaGarmµN_eTot eTIbRtUvnwgGtßrbs;Bakü RBHniBaV nTaMg3RbkarenH ÉGasv³k¾rlt;Gs;RBm . RBHniBVanCaGsgçtFm’ kamavcrcitþ cat;CasgçarFm’ eRBaHCaFm’ manbc½©ytak;Etg )an enARtg;BkY Fm’enH sm,yutþedayectsik CaBUCrbs;elaP³ eTas³ emah³ tNða ])aTan EdlCaFmµCatibegátI kgTukç . cMENkRBHniBaV n Cabc©y½ énFm’ rbs;;menaviBaØaNFatu Edl tak;Etg)anCajaNTsSn³ k¾bE:u nþjaNTsSn³enH minsm,yutþ edayectsik CaGgÁQaneLIy . kalebIjaNTsSn³Bal;RtUvRBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_ k¾RBHniBVanenHmansPav³CasuBaØ³ CaGnimitþsBaØa KW minmansPav³CaTItmál;éncitþ)anEdr eTIbRBHniBaV ncat;CaGsgçtFm’ KWFm’enAmaneQµaHCabc½y© k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþbc©y½ enH RbCMtu ak;Etgsgçar Fm’ [eTACaRbkarepSg²BM)u an . 282

xül;4RtkUl Kb,IBni ti üeLIgvij enARtg;ctutßCÄanrbs;elakiy KWectsik CaGgÁQan manvitká³ vicar³ bIti sux³)anlHGs; KWenAsl;Et ÉkKÁkaectsik nigGarmµN_ KWxül;RtkUlTI4 . eXIjfa ectsiki 4 EdlCab£sKl;rbs;tNða KW)anlHehIy enAsl;EtÉkKÁtaectsikmYy CaehtuenAekItrlt;CamYynwgGarmµN_myY Cabc©y½ KWlHBMTu an;)anGs;Ca smuecäT . b:Eu nþenAeBlEdl]ebkçataMgs‘b;ekIteLIg RtkUlxül;T4I k¾rlt;)at;eTA naM[ÉkKÁtaectsik k¾rlt;RBm . sti nigjaN)andwgfa citþmni manGarmµN_etag mann½yfa sPav³rbs;citþ minsm,yuteþ day ehtu nigbc©y½ eToteT k¾)anCacitkþ an;EtbrisTu p§ Urpg;. xN³enHebI eBaledayjaNehAfa sgçaruebkçajaNk¾)an EdlenACaelakiycitþ enAeLIy . sgçaruebkçajaNrlt; Cabc©y½ [jaNTsSn³ekItbnþ k¾cab;etagykGarmµN_edayELk ehAfaRBHniBaV n Edlmann½y dUcsEmþgxagelI . ÉGrhtþplBaØaN EdlbrisTu § éRkElgCag jaNTsSn³ ehAfa kiriyaCvncitkþ )¾ an . tamry³énkarGnuvtþ )an[´eXIjfa xül;Gana)an³ BitCa jaMgu karcMerInPavna [nIvrNFm’ EdlCab£sKl;énkamavcrcitþ lHGs; eTA rhUtGgÁQanTaMg5k¾lHGs; nigcugeRkaymanEt]ebkçataMgs‘b; lHnUvRtkUlxül;T4I enHecj)anEfmeTot jaNTsSn³k¾ekIteLIg . edIm,ICYy[manPaBgayRsYl cMeBaHeyaKavcrEdlmanqnÞ³ekøóvkøa 283

R)afña)annUvjaNTsSn³ ´sUmelIkykEtbBaðaKnøwH² TukCaeKal bdibtþdi cU xageRkam ³ 1-RtkUlxül; xülTI;T1I ³ kMNt;TtI aMgcab;BpI i©t dl;cgu RcmuH nig cab;BcI gu RcmuH dl;p©itvij . rebobcMeerIndMbgU Kb,Itmál;xül;dkdegðmI enARtg;p©ti mYyxN³sin beg¥ancitcþ ab;etagnimitxþ ül;enH [)anl¥ rYcbBa¢nÚ xül;dkdegðmI ecj citRþ tac;tamxül;dkecj kM[u dac;[ Tal;EtesaH rhUtmkdl;cgu RcmuH . mkdl;cgu RcmuH Kb,IRtUvdkdegðIm cUlvijPøam kuMbg¥g;[Tal;EtesaH citRþ tac;tamxül;dkdegðImcUl rhUtmkdl;p©itvij rYccab;bBa©nÚ xül;dkdegðmI ecjPøam edaycitRþ tac; tamxül;dkecjenH kMu[dac;myY xN³NaeLIy . eTaHbImansPav³ Ebøk² dUcCarmas; resIb b£hak;dcU CaRsemIlvar QWcku eray F¶n; b¤tgw édeCIgCaedIm ekIteLIgk¾eday Kb,ITajcitþk[Mu Cab;CBM ak; eday jaMugdegðImecj-cUl [elOn jab;Cagmun BRgwgsti [rlwkeXIj [citþRtac;tamEtxül;dkdegðImecjEvg-cUlEvgmYyenH [)anCa dac;xat eRkaymksPav³Ebøk²enaH k¾Kg;rlt;)at;eTAvij karcMerIn RtkUlTI1 ecHEtRbRBwteþ TA rhUtTal;Etfñkw sÞat; eTIbcab;bnþeTA RtkUlxül;TI2 . 2-RtkUlxül; xülTI;T2I ³ cab;BcI gu degðmI dl;cgu RcmuH nigcab;BI cugRcmuH dl;cgu degðmI vij . rebobGnuvtþ Kb,Itmál;xül;enARtg;cgu degðmI mYyxN³sin citeþ tagxül;enH [)anl¥ eTIbcab;bBa©nÚ nigRtac; tamxül;dkdegðmI ecj ya:gdUcRbkarTaMgLay Rtg;RtkUlTI1Edr nigKb,IPavna rhUtTal;EtsÞat; eTIbbnþeTARtkUlTI3 . 284

3-RtkUlxül; xülTI;T3I ³ cab;BKI l;k dl;cgu RcmuH nigcab;BcI gu RcmuH dl;Kl;kvij . rebobGnuvtþmandUcRtkUlxül;T1I TI2 Edr . 4-RtkUlxül; xülTI;T4I ³ cab;BeI kþagRcmuH dl;cgu RcmuH b¤enARtg; cugRcmuHEtmþg sti nigjaN RKan;EtrlwkdwgnUv»kasbnþci rvagxül; dkecj nigxül;dkcUl . karcMerInPavnaRbRBwteþ TAdUcKña . kalebIceM rInPavnaRtkUlxül;nmI yY ²)anfñkw sÞat; Kb,Icab;ceM rIn BIRtkUlTI1 CaGnuelam lMdab;mkdl;RtkUlxül;T4I [)anfñkw sÞat; rYceTIbcab;hkwV cMerInBIRtkUlxül;T4I Cabdielam mkdl;RtkUlTI1vij [)ansÞat; . kalebIcMerInCarebobbdielam )ansÞat;eBlNa Kb,IceM rIn CaGnuelamBIRtkUlTI1 eLIgenARtkUlxülTI4 rhUtTal;EtRtkUlxül; TI4enHrlt; ÉkKÁtaectsikk¾rlt;)at;; minetagxül;dkdegðmI enARtg; cugRcmuHenaHeTot. xN³enH CaxN³énkarcMerInfñak;smfPavna eLIg dl;fañ k;bpM uténrU)avcrcitþ mann½yfa ]ebkçataMgs‘b; ekIteLIgehIy . Kb,IceM rIn]ebkçataMgs‘b;enH [fñkw sÞat;taMgenA)anyUr )anfñak; Ca]ebkçaBit² minCab;CMBak;ngw evTnaNamYyd¾tci tYceLIy rlt;TaMg GarmµN_ KWxül;dkdegðImecj-cUlenH eRBaHsgçaruebkçajaN)anekIt eLIgR)akd. kalebI]ebkçataMgs‘b; ecHEtcMerInPavnaCaerOy² jaN TsSn³nwgetagykRBHniBaV n CaGarmµN_)anCaBMxu an . mankrNIkgñú eBlGgÁyú cMerInPavna RtkUlxül;Evg)ansMerc fñak;bzmCÄan sti nigjaNdwgc,as;fa RtkUlxül;T1I enHk¾ecHEt xøeI TA² eLIgdl;TtI aMgrbs;RtkUlxül;TI2 TI3 TI4edayÉkÉg GaRs½y 285

citmþ ansmaFis¶b;l¥ . maneyaKvcrxøH cMerIn)anEtRtkUlxül;TI1 eLIgeTATI2 TI3 TI4eLIgminrYc Kb,ItaMgsti[maMbpM tu tamdanxül;; dkdegðmI cUl kM[u Føak;dl;kEnøgedIm KWfaenAeBlxül;dkdegðImcUl ehobFøak;dl;kEnøgedIm RtUvRbjab;bBa¢nÚ xül;enH [RtLb;ecjmk vijPøam edayTb;eBaHkM[u ehIb[esaH . karGnuvtþecHEtRbRBwteþ TA EbbenH RtkUlTI1 k¾Kg;xIeø LIg² eTACaRtkUlxül;T2I TI3 TI4 )an . ebIGnuvtþtamrebobTaMgBIrenH enAEtminGac)anpll¥eT Kb,IceM rIneTA tamlMdab;cab;BRI tkUlxül;TI1 [sÞat;sni eTIbcab;ceM rInRtkUlxül;TI2 TI3 rYceTIbcab;epþImcMerInRtkUlxül;T4I dUc)ansMEdgxagelI . 3

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CMBkU TI7 bkiNkÑ Fm’ GMBCI vI ti stVbKu Ál sMKal;enARtg;tYxnøÜ ÉtYxnøÜ tYR)aNenH tak;EtgekIteLIg BImhaPUtrUb4 edaybegáIt)anCaRbB½ns§ rIrynþTaMgLayeTAtam)atuPUt énsPav³rbs;Fatu . GaRs½yedaysarmanGakasFatuekþARtCak; rYmCamYymhaPUtrUb4 enAkñgú briyakas rlkclnarbs;FatuenAkñgú tYxnøÜ k¾ekIteLIg RbB½ns§ rIrynþkc¾ ab;manclnaGPiRkm RbtikmµFatukc¾ ab;man sVy½ lUtlas;eTACarUbragkay . shCatFm’TaMgLayEdlmansVy½ clnaRbRBwteþ TArYmKña edaymanmhaPUtrUb4Cacm,g sVy½ clnaenH KWCakartak;Etg begátI )anCatYxnøÜ rbs;stVbKu Ál . kalebIsyV½ clnaenH ecHEtRbRBwtþeTAkñgú kMLgú eBlNamYy tYxnøÜ b¤tYsgçark¾rIklUtlas; duH daleLIg eXIjR)akd CIvti KWkarrs;enArbs;stV k¾)aneXIjRbckSfa kMBgu manGtßPi aBEdr . dUecñHsPav³Bitrbs;Baküfa CIvti KWseM dAenA Rtg;syV½ clnarbs;Fatu EdlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TArYmKñarbs;sm,yutFþ m’ enA kñgú tYxnøÜ rbs;stV kñgú mYyxN³²énGayurbs;rbU Fm’ eTAtamsPav³ nig )atuPtU rbs;Fatube:u NÑaH . sVy½ clnaenH KWCakarbMeBjnUvFatuEdlkMBgu tak;Etg[RbRBwteþ TA eTIbFatuEdlkMBgu taMgenA pSMpÁúMBtU pÁ)úM anCatYxnøÜ rbs; stVbuKÁlenaH . niyayrYm skmµPaBrbs;Fatuya:genHehIy EdlehAfa CIvti rbs; ;stVkBM gu rs; rbsstV rse; nA . 287

sVy½ clnarbs;Fatu EdlehAfa CIvti GackMNt;)anfa CIvti enH KWCaGBüaktFm’ BMTu an;Gaccat;Tku CatYbN u ü b¤t)Y ab)anenAeLIyeT BIeRBaHRKan;EtCaclnaCIvit KWkarrs;enA BMEu mnCatYkmµ CatYplrbs; kmµ EdlstV)ansEmþgeLIgenaHeLIy cMENkÉCIvti EdlrgeFVnI vU kmµ esayplrbs;kmµ tamry³kaysm,Ta tamry³pøvÚ citeþ TIbCatYbN u ü tY)abrbs;stV eRBaHkaykmµkþI vcIkmµkþI EdlstV)anRbRBwteþ nAkñgú ry³eBl EdlkMBgu rs;enA manTMnak;TnM gya:gCitsñTi b§ pM tu dl;pvøÚ citþ pøvÚ viBaØaN . stVTaMgLayeTogEtnwgsøab;RKb;²Kña eRBaHfaCIvitsuTE§ tmanesckþI søab;enAxagcugbMptu RKb;²R)aN ¬seBV stþa mrisSnþi mrNnþM hi CIvti ¦M rUbmanesckþeI RbóbeFobnwgdMBu BuHTwk ¬epNubei NÐabmM rUb¦M sgçar mann½yfa Fm’Edlbc½©ytak;Etg k¾mann½yfasPav³eFVRI BmGaRs½y manbc©y½ . dUecñHBaküfa sgçar nigBaküfa CIvti naeBlenH Gacman n½yEtmYy KWkartak;Etg)anCastVbKu ÁlenaH GaRs½ymanFatuCabc©y½ . RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;sEM dgfa ³ Pikçev xyvy Femµa sgçara³ mñal PikTçú aMgLay sgçarTaMgLaymankiryi aGs;eTA sUnüeTACaFmµta . ebICvI ti sßti enARtg;syV½ clnaénFatuTaMg5 kñgú kartak;EtgrUbkay rbs;stV enAeBlsVy½ clnaenH RtUvrlt; Gayurbs;rUbFm’enAkñgú GtþPaB enH k¾rlt;Gs;eTAEdr Fatutak;Etgk¾mni manclnatak;EtgteTAeTot 288

CIvti k¾rlt; ePøgI Fatuk¾Gs; stVks¾ aø b;kñgú bc©bú ,nñ sgçark¾eXIjfa Gs;eTA sUnüeTAenAkñgú bcúb© ,nñEdr bnÞab;mkFatutak;EtgenaH k¾eXIjfa cab;EbkFøayRBmtamlMdab;eTAEdr . buKÁlEdlmin)ansikSa GMBbI rmtßFm’ KWmni )andwg[R)akdfa sgçar EdlCatYstVbKu ÁlenH tak;EtgekIteLIgBIFatuGxIV Hø eT b:Eu nþRBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;Rtas;dgw c,as;fa tak;EtgekIteLIgBIFatu4 nigFatuekþARtCak; KW]tu EdlCaelakFatu rYmmanEpndI nigGakasFatuenaH CarYmehAfa mhaPUtrUb4 . mhaPUtrUb4 rEmgtaMgenACamYyKñaCaFmµta kalebI rUbFatutak;EtgEbkFøay cMhayrbs;rbU FatuEbkFøayenH rEmgsay PayeTArkmhaPUtrUb4 enAkñgú cRkvaLvijCaFmµta . Binti üemIlmhaPUtrUb4 enARtg;EpndI enARtg;Gakas enARtg;Tkw etImankartak;EtgEdrb¤eT?. FmµtaFatunImyY ² rEmgmanlkçN³sMKal; b¤KN u PaBpÞal;erog²xønÜ eRkayBIRtUv)ancRmaj;eTACaFatueTal . ÉmhaPUtrUb4 BMEu mnCaFatueTaleT KWFatupSM b¤l,ay kalebICa l,ayFatu rEmgmanRbtikmµFatu . dMeNIrFatuEdlkMBgu manRbtikmµenH rEmgbegáIt)anCaclnaERbRbYlFatu BIlkçN³sMKal;myY eTAlkçN³ sMKal;myY epSgeTot . 289

dUecñHclnarbs;mhaPUtrUb4 enARtg;EpndIkþI enARtg;Tkw kþI enARtg; GakaskþI k¾Gaccat;Tku CaclnaénCIvti )anEdr RKan;EtclnaénCIvti enARtg;TtI aMgTaMgenH emIlmineXIj sMKal;mni )an b:Eu nþenAeBlEdlmha PUtrUb4 Rtg;TeI nH tak;Etg)anCaPUtKam BICKam Esø sarayk¾Kg; sMKal;)anfamanCIvti Bit . GacsMKal;)anfa dIsaø b; KWRKYs dIexSaHCatiTkw GMEbgdbEkv ek,ÓgCaedIm dIRbePTenH nwgtak;Etg[CIvti KWPUtKam BICKam duHdal ekIteLIgBM)u aneLIy kMsu Um,IstVbKu ÁlTaMgLay . buE:u nþPtU Kam BICKam exµac saksBrbs;stV b¤bKu ÁlEdlsøab; k¾rEmgnaM[BICKam PUtKam b¤sMesTCkMeNIt ekIteLIgmanCIvti CaFmµta enARtg;mhaPUtrUb4enH . skçkI mµTaMgenH GacbBa¢ak;)an dIRKYs GMEbgdb GMEbgEkv \dæ ek,Óg ElgenACamhaPUtrUb4eTotehIy eTIbstV b¤rku çCatidHu lUtlas;enA Rtg;TeI nHmin)anenaH . 2Baküfa mhaPUtrUb CasmasBakü pSMeLIgeday ³ -Bakü mha CaKuNnam ERbfa FM eRcIn . -Bakü PUt CaKuNnam ERbfa EdlekItehIy EdlBit . -Bakü rUb ERbfa FmµCatiEtgvinas . 290

dUecñHBaküfa mhaPUtrUb4enH KWseM dAeTAelIrUbd¾FM d¾eRcInEdl ekItehIy kMBgu manGtiPß aBenH ÉBaküfaekIt k¾mni eRkAGMBBI aküfa tak; EtgenaHEdr eTIbrUbEdltak;EtgehIy rEmgERbRbYlvinassabsUnü dUcCaCIvti Edlsøab; b¤fasgçarTaMgLay rEmgGs;eTA sUnüeTAenaH cMENkÉmhaPUtrUb kñgú elakFatu rEmgtaMgenACaFmµta . GMBvI Bi aØaNdæiti RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;fa elakenHmanFatu6 KWbzvIFatu1 Gae)aFatu1 eteCaFatu1 vaeyaFatu1 GakasFatu1 viBaØaNFatu1 . FatuTaMg6enH ekItmaneLIgcab;BeI BlNa kMNt;rkedIm rkcugbMptu BMu )aneLIy . enARtg;bdics© mub,aTFm’ RBHsmµasm<úT)§ anRtas;sEmþgfa GviCa¢ Cabc©y½ naM[ekItsgçar² ekItman Cabc©y½ naM[ekItviBaØaN . -Baküfa GviCa¢ mann½yfa minecH mindwg . -sgçarmann½yfa Fm’Edlbc©y½ tak;Etg b¤faFm’ EdleFVRI Bm GaRs½yedaymanbc©y½ b¤ehAfa Gakar³ KWFm’CaEdnGaRs½ynUvKñanwg Kña ehIyRbRBwteþ TA . ÉsgçarnaeBlenH KWseM dAeTAelIkartak;Etg )anCatYstVbKu ÁlenaH k¾GaRs½yrUbFatu nwgrUbFatu EdlCamhaPUtrUb4 ehIykartak;EtgrebobenH KWmni GaRs½ymanbc©½y KWvCi a¢ enaHeT KW GaRs½ybc©y½ énplrbs;kmµbt¤ Nða])aTanb:eu NÑaH . eTIbsgçarenH 291

cat;CaGntþaFm’enaH eRBaHBMEu mnGaRs½yelIcti þ rbs;stVbKu lÁ NamYy CaGñktak;Etg tamcMNg;R)afñarbs;xnøÜ )aneLIy . dUecñHclnaénsgçar Fm’enH sMedAeTAelIclnarbs;CIvti enaH k¾Gacfa)an eRBaHCaclnarbs; FatuEtmYy. viBaØaN mann½yfa FmµCatiCaeRKOgdwgc,as; b¤dgw viess . karsikSa GMBbI dics© mub,aTFm’ Rtg;vBi aØaNenH Kb,Iyl;[)anGMBGI anuPaBénsPav³ EdlbrisTu § nigminbrisTu § etImankmøagM GMNacxusKña ya:gNa . dI Twk ePøgI xül;CaFatuedIm Edltak;Etg)anCaFaturbs;stVbKu Ál Gaccat; Tukfa CaFatueRKatRKatenAeLIy . enAeBlEdlFatuTaMg4enHmanclna Rbtikmµ begátI )anCaFatufµI EdlcRmaj;ecjBIFatuedIm FatufeµI nHGacfa CaFatubrisTu p§ Urpg;CagFatuedIm eTIbFatutak;EtgfµeI nH GacbegátI )an CaplFatumyY d¾viess CagrUbFatuedIm KWvBi aØaNFatu . edaysarviBaØaN FatuenHbrisTu p§ Urpg;éRkElg CagrUbFatutak;Etg eTIbkøayeTACaFatudgw )an eRbobdUccegáógEdlmaneRbg manRbeqH kalmanePøgI k¾eqHeLIg KWGNþatePøgI EdlCaBnøWrbs;ePøgI enHeT EdlGac[eXIj)an BMEu mncegáóg BMEu mneRbg BMEu mnRbeqH BMEu mnePøgI Fatu CaFmµCati[eXIj)aneLIy . dUecñHclnarbs;CvI ti b¤kartak;EtgénFatu b¤ehAfa sgçar kal kMBgu manclnaRbRBwteþ TA k¾tak;Etgpøas;bþÚrFatuedIm ERbeTACaFatufµI EdlCatYrbY kayrbs;stVbKu Ál k¾rEmgmancMhayFatuekIteLIg cMhay 292

FatuenHehIy EdlehAfa viBaØaN CaFatudgw enaH ehtuenHehIyeTIbmin GacemIleXIj BIeRBaHRKan;EtCacMhayFatutamRbkarya:genH . sUmsegátemIlBgman; BgTa ejIs Ek¥l eQIBku sac;sy¥ú kalman]tu ekþARtCak;mkGb;)ansmlµm kñgú ry³eBlNamYy k¾cab; ERbkøayeTACakUnman; kUnTa éc segácI dgávÚ ruy CastVmanCIvti manviBaØaN mktaMgenARtg;Fatu4enH [eXIjRbckSnwgEPñk)an . sUm,IesµA rukCç atixHø mineXIjmanBUC k¾GacduHlUtlas;pÞal;BEI pndI ekIt)anCaCIvti k¾rEmgeXIjmanviBaØaNd¾tcU qµarGacsMKal;)an . kñgú elakenHGtßPi aBénmhaPUtrUb4 rEmgtaMgenA viBaØaNFatukr¾ Emg ekItman nigtaMgenACamYy minGacbMEbkecjBIKañ )anya:genH . eyaKavcr EdlCaGñksikSaRBHFm’ Kb,IEbgEck[eXIjR)akdfa CIvti KWRKan;EtCasVy½ clnarbs;Fatu EdlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TAkñgú mYyxN³² rbs;rbU Fm’ enAkñgú GtþPaBnImyY ²b:eu NÑaH cMENkÉviBaØaNFatu KW CaplFatu b¤CacMhayFatudb¾ risTu § EdlekItecjBIsy½V clnarbs; Fatu4 manGanuPaB man\T§ei nARtg;dgw nUvGarmµN_ . plFatu b¤chM ay Fatu kalekItmanenARtg;Fatutak;Etg dMbgU ehAfa PvgÁ k¾cat;Tku Ca pl b¤Cavi)akEdr . CIvti tamBit RKan;EtCaGayurbs;rbU Fm’ EdlkMBgu tak;Etg ehIytaMgenAkñúgry³eBlNamYy bnÞab;mkCIvti enHk¾esaH sUnü)at;bg;eTAvij cMeBaHGtþPaBmYyenH . Rtg;enHnaM[bufCu n¢ k¾sKM al; 293

)anfa kalCIvti søab;esaHsUnü viBaØaNEdlemIlmineXIj k¾snñdi æanfa esaHsUnüeTARBmCamYyKña kñgú xN³eBlEtmYyEdr . RBHsmµasm<Tú §RTg;Rtas;fa sgçarekItmanGaRs½yGviCa¢ BMeu kItman eLIgedayÉkÉgenaHeT . GviCa¢ mann½yfamindwg dUcCaBgman; BgTa ejIs Ek¥l sac;sy¥ú eQIBku Twk dI ePIgø xül; BitCaFmµCatimni dwg . sUm,IFatuEdlkMBgu manclnatak;EtgehAfa CIvti sgçar k¾mni EmnCa FmµCatiGkñ dwg GñkecH sUm,IdeM NIrtak;EtgénFatuenaH eTACaRbkar ya:gNa² CaRbePTstVbuKlÁ Na k¾deM NIrtak;Etg b¤sgçarenaH mindwg minecH BIeRBaHRKan;EtCadMeNIrtak;EtgénFatu eTAtamsPav³rbs;Fatu b:eu NÑaH . cMENkÉviBaØaN EdlCaFmµCatiCaeRKOgdwgc,as; b¤dgw viess EdlCaGgÁPB ¬PvgÁ¦ ekIteLIg b£bdisnñi bnÞab;BIkarcab;epþmI tak;Etg énFatu ehIyk¾taMgenARtg;Fatutak;EtgenaH eTIbCaktþakMNt;ténkar ;énkar tak; ;EtgrbsRbePTstV ;RbePTstVbKu lÁ nImyY ² . takEtgrbs; Etgrbs karsikSaGMBFI atu dI Twk ePøgI xül; Gakas EdlRBHsmµasm<Tú § cat;Tku CarUbbrmtß KWseM dAsMKal;ceM BaHFatuedImbMptu rbs;elakFatu EdlCaFatusRmab;begátI elakTaMgmUlenH eTIbdI Twk ePøgI xül;enH RBHGgÁ[eQµaHfa CamhaPUtrUb . cMENkÉEpndIenH briyakasCMvu ij EpndIenH stVbKu ÁlTaMgLayenHCaedIm EdlsuTE§ ttak;EtgekIteLIg BI Twk dI ePøgI xül; KW)an nigkMBgu bnþkartak;Etg enARKb;TkI EnøgrkTI 294

bMptu Kµan drabNadI Twk ePøgI xül;enAEtmanGtßPi aBkñgú elakenH. karsikSaGMBmI nusSCati RtUvdwgcMN M cu TaMgenH [)anR)akd BIeRBaHCaclna énCIvti rYmTUeTA kñgú enaHmanCIvti rbs;mnusSCati EdlRtUvTTYlrgpl vi)akx<s;CageK edaysarEtGMeBIrbs;mnusSCatixøÜnÉgpÞal; CaGñkbgá eLIgpgEdr . viBaØaNdæti i KWenARtg;Fatu EdlkMBgu tak;Etg b¤ehAfaCIvti enH . CIvti KWCadMeNIrGPiRkm karrIkduHdalFatubEM pøgBIdI Twk ePøgI xül; eTA CasarFatusrIragÁ . CIvti sMKal;enARtg;Gayurbs;rUbFm’ EdlkMBgu taMg enA ÉviBaØaNeTIbCaFmµCatisKM al;nvU GtþsBaØaNrbs;stVmyY RbePT² . stVRKb;RbePTmansVy½ clnaFatu kñgú karGPiRkmrUbragkayrbs; xønÜ dUc²Kña eBalKWmanCIvitdUcKña b:Eu nþvDÆnkmµénviBaØaNFatuenHmindUc KñaeT . sVy½ clnarbs;Fatu EdlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TA suTE§ tman\n§nkmµ rbs;FatuenARtg;txY nøÜ nImyY ² . dMeNIr\n§nkmµenH k¾naM[Faturci ril nig)at;bg;CaFmµta sVy½ clnaGacekIteLIgbnþ GaRs½ykareRbIR)as; b¤briePaKmhaPUtrUb edIm,IbeM Bj[clnatak;EtgFatu GacRbRBwteþ TA CIvti k¾taMgenA b¤rs;enA)an Fatutak;Etgk¾dHu daleLIg eFV[I clnaénCIvti k¾kan;EtrIkduHdal. clnaénFatutak;Etg EdlkMBgu RbRBwteþ TA naM[clna edk edIr Qr GgÁyú briePaKGahar k¾rEmgekIgeLIg RbRBwteþ TARBm enARtg;GtþPaBénCIvti mYyenH . eyaKavcrsikSaRBHFm’ Kb,IRtUvdwgfa 295

edk edIr Qr GgÁyú briePaKGaharCaclnaénCIvitb:eu NÑaH BMEu mnCakmµeT enAkñgú xN³dMbgU enaH cMENkstVtri cäan KWenACaclnarbs;CvI ti rhUt dl;eBlGs;GtþPaB eRBaHEttircäanCastVesayplrbs;kmµ . clnaedk edIr Qr GgÁyú briePaK KW)anbgðaj[eXIjfa clnaén CIvti kan;EtrIkduHdal nigrwgmaMeLIgCalMdab; ÉviBaØaNFatu k¾beBa©j cMhayfamBlFatu kan;EtxøagM køaeLIg² eTAtamlMdab;énCIvti Edl kMBgu rIkduHdaleLIgEdr . lMdab;énkarrIkduHdalrbs;mhaPUtrUb Edl CaFatuedImTImyY begáIt)anCaPBEpndI Twk xül; kMedA Cabriyakas enACMvu ji EpndI . smasFatuéndI Twk ePøgI xül; GakasenH tak;Etg )anrukCç atiTaMgLay nigstVtircäan manBYksMesTCkMeNIt EdlekIt BIejIs Ek¥l BIsac;sy¥ú BITeI sµakeRKakCaedIm . BYkstVseM sTCkMeNIt ekItBIvtßeú sµakeRKakNa k¾taMgenA rs;enA edaymanvtßúesµakeRKakenaHCaGahar k¾Kg;eXIjmanviBaØaNFatuR)akd CagviBaØaNFaturbs;rku çCatiEdr . esckþIeRbobeFobb:ueNÑH k¾Kg;eXIjfa mhaPUtrUbtak;Etg)anCarUbragkayrbs;mnusS nigGahar EdlmnusS briePaKsRmab;RTRTg;CvI it KWCamhaPUtrUb CaFatubrisuTR§ besIrCagFatu tak;Etgrbs;stVtircäan eTIbCaehtunaM[viBaØaNFaturbs;mnusS man cMhayFatu RbkbedayfamBld¾vei ss CagviBaØaNFaturbs;tircäanenaH. 296

kmøagM FatuEdlbegátI )anCaclna KWRtCak; nigekþA kmøagM kMedACa Fatuskmµ ÉkmøagM RtCak;CaFatuGskmµ . mnusS)aneRbIR)as;eRKOg briePaK EdlTaMgCaFatuskmµpg FatuGskmµpg edIm,IrkSatulüPaB rbs;kmøagM FatuénCIvti kM[u ekþAeBk RtCak;eBk eTIbcMhayviBaØaNFatu GacmandMeNIrvivDÆ kan;EtRbesIreLIg² BIyKu sm½ymYyu eTAyuKsm½y mYy. RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;fa mnusSCastVCab;kgñú GarmµN_ eBalKW viBaØaNenHehIy EdlCaFmµCatiCaeRKOgCab;nvU GarmµN_enaH . eday sarviBaØaNCaFmµCati rEmgBal;RtUvnUvGarmµN_ dwgnUvGarmµN_CaerOy² viBaØaNk¾sKM al;nvU GarmµN_)an rhUtviBaØaNenHERbkøayeTACaciteþ ctsik eRcInRbkar CaehtunaM[viBaØaNenH kan;EtmanfamBlxøagM køaeLIg²Ca lMdab; RsbtamclnaduHdalénCIvti . clnaénCIvti nigPaBxøagM køarbs; viBaØaNenHehIy EdlCaktþacaM)ac; naM[manclnakmµ nigplrbs;kmµ rbs;stVbKu lÁ rEmgekItmaneLIgkñgú elak Cabc©y½ naM[viBaØaNFatu k¾kan; EtrIkduHdalRbkbedayfamBleLIg enARtg;GtþPaBéntYxnøÜ nImyY ² . RBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;fa brelakman ]b)atikkMeNItman KW sMedAenARtg;CvI ti søab;esaHsUnü k¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþchM ayfamBlrbs; viBaØaNFatu EdlmanGtßiPaBehIy minesaHsUnü eRBaHGaRs½ymha PUtrUb minesaHsUnü tamRbkarénc,ab;elakFatu ehIyviBaØaNFaturEmg 297

Cab;kñgú GarmµN_ minTan;sabsUnükñgú xN³mrNasnñCvn ekIteLIgmun cutei naH. Baküfa cuti sMedAeTAelIvBi aØaNFatu EdleFVkI icX© aø tcakrUbFm’ rbs;stVbKu Ál GaRs½yFatutak;EtgEbkFøay b¤ehAfasøab;enaH . FatuEdlkMBgu manclnaRbtikmµtak;Etg GaRs½yedaysarman\n§nkmµ rbs;Fatu cMehHFatuenH rEmgbegátI )anCacMhayFatu² enHk¾Ca mhaPUtrUb4 ehIycMhayFatuenH EdlehAfa viBaØaNFatuenaH . enAeBlEdlFatutak;EtgkñúgGtþPaBmYy RtUvrlt;clna kmøagM Fatukc¾ Hu exSayGs;eTA naM[cMhayFatu KWvBi aØaaNFatuenH taMgenAmin)an cMhayFatu EdlCaviBaØaNFatu k¾rGilgakeTAtaMgenARtg;briyakas Edl kMBgu EtmanGtiPß aBénmhaPUtrUb4enACMvu ijenaH eRBaHEtmankmøagM Fatu Gac[viBaØaNFatutaMgenA)an . viBaØaNFatuEdlXøatecjBItsY tV buKÁl Edlrlt;CvI ti kñgú bc©bú ,nñCati ehAfa cutvi Bi aØaN . viBaØaNEdl cuHtaMgenAkñgú lMh b¤kgñú Gakas b¤briyakas EdlenACMvu ji bnÞab;BcI tu i ehAfabdisn§vi Bi aØaN kMeNItstVrebobenH maneQµaHfa ]b)atik kMeNIt . RBHsmµasm<úTR§ Tg;)aneRbobeFobkarecjeTArbs;vBi aØaN Edlcutei naHfa dUcEsgRBHGaTitüEdlqøHú mkelIBiPBelakenH . 3 298

GMBeI yani4 RBHsmµasm<Tú )§ anRtas;dwgfa kMeNItrbs;stVkgñú elakenH man 4RbePT KW]b)atikkMeNIt1 sMesTCkMeNIt1 GNÐCkMeNIt1 ClaBuC kMeNIt1 eRBaHGaRs½yFatu6enaH . 1> ]b)atikkMeNIt³ )andl;BkY stV kalrUbFm’ b¤Fatutak;Etg RtUvEbkFøay citCþ anamFm’ KWvBi aØaNFatu eFVkIi ci c© tu ei cjcakrUbFm’cas; ehIyk¾cab;bdisn§Pi øamEtmþg KWRCkkñgú lMh edaymincab;bdisn§ki gñú KP’ kñgú s‘tu kñgú TIesµakeRKak bdisn§ei kIteLIgehIy k¾FPM aø m tamTMhdM cU rUbFm’cas; GaRs½ycMhayFatuctu i EdlpSayeTAkñgú briyakas manTMheM sµbI :nu nwgrUbFm’cas;pgEdr luHdl;kalGs;GayuRtUvcüút k¾ Rsab;Etvinas)at;eTA KµansaksBbnSl;enA . Baküfa ]b)atikenH mkBIBaküfa ]b,titaV b¤]b,tit ERbfa ehaHeLIg b¤GENþteLIg . ÉBYk]b)atikkMeNIt )andl;nrk eRbt Gsurkay eTvta RBhµCaedIm Edlcab;bdisn§ei nAkñgú lMh ekIteLIg ehIy k¾ehaH b¤GENþtenAkñgú lMh rs;enAkñgú lMhGakas k¾eRBaHenA Rtg;lhM Gakas manmhaPUtrUb4 dUc)ansEmþgenARtg;clnaCIvti nig viBaØaNdæti ei naH . mUlehtuGIV)anCaclnaCIvit nigviBaØaNenARtg;GakasFatu manTMnak; TMng)anedaylM)ak CamYynwgCIvti rbs;mnusS ?. 299

karsikSaenARtg;rUbbrmtß sþGI BM cI ti Cþ ¢rbU KWrbU EdlekItGMBcI ti þman 15 k¾mni eRkAGMBmI haPUtrUb4 GakasrUb1 enHEdr kalebIclnaCIvti KWkartak;EtgFatu )ankan;EtrwgmaM viBaØaNk¾)anbgðaj[eXIjfa kan; EtrIkceRmInrwgmaM eRBaHviBaØaNtaMgenARtg;Fatu4)anCakmøagM Edr . cMENkkmµCr¢ Ub18rbs;stVbKu lÁ b¤ehAfa nibnö rñ Ub Edlkñgú enH k¾mancitCþ ¢rbU 15 KWCarUb Edltak;Etg)anseRmcRKb;lkçN³sm,tiþ eXIjRbckS eTIbGacjaMugkmµ[ekIteLIg)an . kmµC¢rUb Gaccat;Tku CarUbkayrbs;stVbuKÁl eTIbRBHsmµasm<úT§bBaØtþBakükayfaCa krCkay KWseM dAdl;kay EdlekItGMBFI UlI RbRBwteþ nAkñgú srIr³Edl CaKMnrrbs;klabrUb³enaH . cMENkenAkñgú lMh eTaHbImanmhaPUtrUb4 RbCMtu ak;Etg b:Eu nþman TRmg;Capg;FUlIenAeLIy GacfaenARtwmEtCabrmaNU b¤klab³b:eu NÑaH eTIbmhaPUtrUb4enAkñgú lMhGakas minGacemIleXIjedaymMsckçú )an . clnaFatutak;EtgEbbenH k¾mni )anCakmøagM maMmnY naM[ clnarbs;vBi aØaNFatumanGanuPaBrwgmaM dUcviBaØaNFatutaMgenARtg; stVbuKÁl)aneLIy eTIbTMnak;TnM grvagGTisSmankay CamYymnusS)an edaylM)ak eTaHbIstVTaMg2RbePTenH taMgenARtg;kamPBdUcKñak¾eday . enAsm½yBuTk§ almandMNalGMBeI RbttierakuD )anmkyMenAeRkA CBa¢agM pÞHrbs;RBH) RBH)aTBims<i ar kñgú xN³EdlRBH)aTBim<isar )aneFVIbN u ü RBH 300

b:Eu nþB)Mu an]TÞsui kuslplbuNü [eTABYkeRbtCajatiTaMgenaH ebIExµr eyIgsnµtfa exµaclg . enAeBlraCKhesdæI R)ab;GnafbNÐki esdæI Cab¥nÚ éføfa RBHBuTe§ kIteLIgehIykñgú elak GnafbNÐti esdæeI Bl edkyb;saµ nfaCitPøW Kat;ke¾ RkakeLIgTaMgyb;ggwt edIrcUleTAkñgú éRB edIm,IeTArkRBHBuT§ Kat;Py½ tk;støú cg;RtLb;fyeRkay Rsab;Et sivkykS EdlCaGsurkay ERskR)ab;esdækI [Mu fyeRkay>>>> cUrGñk QaneTACakarRbesIrNas; >>>>>>>. ehtuEdlnaM[ekIteLIgnUvbritsþ RU tTaMgLay EdlTak;Tgdl;PtU Ca]b)atikkMeNIt dUcCakrNIPki nçú imnþeTAGgÁyú cMerInPavnakmµdaæ nenA kñgú éRBPñM manBYkGnisSmankaynimtµi xønÜ [eXIjR)akdeLIg edIm,Ibnøac Pikçú eTIbRBHsmµasm<Tú G§ nuBaØat [Piksçú UFükrNIemtþsRU t . enAeBl EdlRkugevsalICbY RbTHnUveRKaHraMgs¶tÜ edIm,IjaugM P½y3Rbkar[GnþrFan )at;eTA EdlekItGMBIeraK GmnusS¬exµac¦ nigTurkÖi S RBHGannÞetßrk¾)an sUFürtnsURt . RBHsmµasm<Tú §k¾)anesþcyageTAsUFücMerInRBHbritþsRU t enAeKhdæanrbs;Gayu ;GayuvDÆnkumar EdlykçCaGmnusS RbugmkykGayu pþac;sgçarEdr . sUm,IdrM InaLaKi naLaKirI EdlelIkknÞyú sRmwgsøkw Rtecok sÞHú eTAsmøab;RBHGgÁ RTg;)anceRmInPavnapSayemtþacitþ [eTApSBV nwgxønÜ dMr²I kalebIemtþacitBþ al;RtUv k¾EbreTACaRkabenAcMeBaHRBHP½Rkþ RTg;)anEdr ya:gNamijÉBYkGTisSmankayk¾ya:gdUecñaHEdr . 301

eTaHbImanya:genHk¾Bti Emn b:Eu nþGTisSmankayTaMgGs; BMEu mnsuT§ EtGacnimitµ [mnusSeXIj RKb;EtPUtTaMgGs;)aneT müa:gGaRs½y lkçx½NÐrbs;mhaPUtrUbkñgú lMh enACabrimaNU manclnatak;Etg CIvti minmanfamBldUcclnarbs;CvI ti mnusS . cMENkviBaØaNFatu EdlmanPaBbrisTu f§ ñak;sIl smaFimankmøagM xøagM køa kalenAmanGtþPaB CamnusS eTIbsøab;eTA ekItCa]b)atikkMeNIt Gacnimitµ )anxøH²eTA tamkmøagM Fatu enAkñgú GakaslMh CaCMnyY RTRTg; nigGaRs½yfamBl rbs;vBi aØaNFatuRbePTkuslya:genHEdr . Tak;Tgdl;ctu bU )atBaØaN KWjaNEdlCaeRKOgdwgnUvcuti nig bdisn§i . cutbU )atBaØaNenH k¾Tak;Tgdl;TBi cV kçpú gEdr EdlCackçvú Bi aØaN d¾brisTu b§ pM tu ekItman GaRs½ysmaFicti þrbs;eyaKavcr )anseRmc Qansmabtþi edaycitþenHlHGs;CasmuecäTnUvGgÁQanTaMg5 TaMg GarmµN_rbs;kmµdæan . citþCaviC¢manb,BaØtiþ b:uEnþemIlmineXIj Bal;mni RtUv . Rtg;enH GacbBa¢ak;[eXIjkan;Etc,as;)anfa cMhay Fatudb¾ risTu § EdlCaviBaØaNFatu KWBti CaRbkbedayFatu4 eTIb eyaKavcr EdlmanQansmabtþdi p¾ Urpg; GacemIleXIj]b)atikstV enAkñgú lMh)an rYmTaMgdMeNIrcuti nigbdisn§yi a:genH ÉdMeNIrcutXi aø t ecj BIFatutak;Etgrbs;mnusS Edlsøab; k¾mni xusKñaEdr dUcRBHBuT§ RTg;eRbobdUcEsgRBHGaTitüEdlpSayeTAenaH. 302

2> ClaBuCkMeNIt ³ )andl;BkY stV Edlcab;keM NItkñgú épÞ mansukCaeRsam sßti enAkñgú eRsamTwkePøaH kalceRmInFMeLIgdl;éf¶ ExkMNt; eRsamTwkePøaHk¾Ebk kUnk¾sRmalecjmk KWCaBYkstVEdl mankMeNItGMBTI kw manmnusS tircäanBYkxøH . RBHsmµasm<Tú s§ EM dgfa ³ TulPø Ba© mnusSstþM ³ Pav³ekItCamnusS KWstVTaMgLay)anedaykRm . -kikiecäa mnusSbdilaePa ³ kiryi aRtLb;)anGtþPaBCamnusS Cakar lM)ak . -kkci äM mcäan CIvti M ³ esckþrI s;enArbs;stVTaMgLay Etgsøab;Cakar lM)ak . edIm,IEsVgyl;GBM RI BHBuTK§ afaenH Kb,Iski SaGMBIsPaBénesckþI søab;rbs;mnusS nigdMeNIrcuti bdisn§ri bs;]b)atikstV . RBHsmµa sm<úT§eFVIesckþIeRbóbeFobrUbkayrbs;stVbuKÁl eTAnwgdMuBBuHTwk ¬epNubei NÐabmM rUb¦M . stVTaMgLayeTogEtsøab;RKb;²Kña eRBaHfa CIvti suTE§ tmanesckþsI øab;enAxagcugbMptu RKb;²R)aN ¬seBV stþa mrisSnþi mrNnþM hi CIvti ¦M . -kicäM mkBIBaküfa kicä ERbfa FmµCatiEdllM)ak EdlRtdab RtdYs . 303

-mcäan mkBIBaküfa mc© b¤mcú© ERbfa esckþsI aø b; b¤Etgsøab; . FmµCatiesckþsI aø b; b¤karEbkFøaymunnwgsøab; suTE§ tmankarERbRbYl Fatuya:gRcbUkRcbl; b¤mYyclnatak;EtgFatu ecHEtRKaMRKafmfycuH exSayeTA² CaehtunaM[citrþ bs;bKu lÁ RTYssþ lI rEmgP½yjab;j½r rn§t;tk;søtú søn;esøarvegVgRcbUkRcbl;saµ rtI b¤mYyviBaØaNFatu k¾ecH EtexSayeTA² tamkmøagM Fatu EdlcuHexSayenaHEdr . ebImrNasnñCvn ekIteLIgya:genH enAeBlcuti ekIteLIgmYyxN³ ehIyrlt;eTA bdisn§i citeþ kIteLIg k¾TajetagykGarmµN_rbs;mrNasnñCv½nRbePTya:genH cuHtRtg;RbePTPBfµI dUcmuneBlsøab;Edr . cMENkÉviBaØaNFatuEdlexSay cat;Tku CaGesaPNcitþ b¤Gehtukcitþ eLIgkan;CvnvifImni )an enAeBl cab;bdisn§i tykPBfµI k¾)anCaGehtukstV ebICaGkuslvi)akviBaØaN ekIteLIg cuti nigbdisn§i ekIteLIg KWcHu tykPBfµI enARtg;G)ayPUmi Etmüa:gbu:eNÑaH . ebICakuslvi)akviBaØaN KWsnþrw NcitRþ bkbeday ]ebkça nwg)anCabdisn§i PvgÁ cuti rbs;mnusSxVak;BkI eM NIt føg; b¤exÞyI CaedIm nigvin)i atikasur EdlCa]b)atikstV»nfyBYkmYy . karsikSaGMBsI Pav³citþ muncutei kIteLIgya:genHdUcxagelI k¾Kg;Gac eXIj)anxøH²fa kiryi aRtLb;)anGtþPaBCamnusS CakarlM)akdUcRBH smµasm<Tú s§ EM dgya:gBitR)akd . müa:gKb,IEsVgyl;GBM dI eM NIrcab; kMeNItCamnusS RtUvRbkbedaylkçx½NÐ KWmatamanrdUv rYmsnñ)i at 304

CamYybitakñgú eBlevlaCak;lak; bnÞab;BmI anrdUv eTIbCa»kasénbdi sn§ki alrbs;vBi aØaNenAkñúgépÞrbs;mata)an . eTaHbIbKu ÁlEdlCaGñkman sIlaTiKN u d¾x<g;x<s; kñgú xNmrNasnñCvn mancitRþ bkbedayesamnsS evTnaCaRbePTjaNsm,yutkþ e¾ day enAeBlbdisn§i PvgÁekIteLIg k¾caM)ac;RtUvcab;bdisn§ti ykPBfµI enARtg;qkamavcrsYKC’ amunsinEdr BIeRBaHenAeBlcutci ti eþ kIteLIg1xN³ ehIyrlt;eTA bdisn§ei kIteLIg mYyxN³ehIyrlt;eTA k¾cHu tykPBfµI enARtg;PvgÁPaø mEtmþg KWBmMu an »kasNamYy RtLb;mkbdisn§ei nARtg;KP’ rbs;mata)anPøam²enaH eLIy . TaMgenHk¾kan;Etbgðaj[eXIjfa kar)anGtþPaBCamnusS BitCalM)ak dUcRBHsmµasm<Tú s§ Emþgya:gR)akd . RBHsmµasm<Tú )§ anRtas;sEmþgGMBdI eM NIrcab;keM NIt b¤]b,tþki kñgú suKtiPB KWGaRs½yxNciteþ kIteLIg kñgú »kasénmrNasnñCvn sm, yuteþ dayR)aCJaKW ³ -kñgú xN³énmrNasnñCvn mankuslekIteLIg muncutci ti þ manehtu CakuslmUl CashCatb,c©y½ énectna ekIteLIgkñgú xN³enaH . -kñgú xN³énmrNasnñCvn manesckþeI RttGrekIteLIg manehtuCa Gkusl2 KWelaP³1 emah³1 CashCatb,c©y½ énectna EdlekIt eLIgkñgú xN³enaH . 305

-kñgú xN³bdisn§mi anehtuCaGBüaRkwt3 KWGelaP³1 GeTas³1 Gemah³1 . kalebIkgñú xN³énmrNasnñCvn manRbePTcitCþ akuslekIteLIg ya:genH nwgekItkñgú BYkxtþyi mhasal RBahµmhasal KhbtImhasal nigkamavcreTvta. kñgú esckþeI nH k¾BEMu mnmanesckþfI a søab;BmI nusSPøam k¾RtLb;)anGtþPaBmkCamnusSvijPøamEdr b:Eu nþKb,IRtUvdwgfa enAeBl cutbi disn§i PvgÁCavi)akrbs;RbePTkuslcitdþ gY xagelI enAeBlEdl citrþ bs;eTvtakñgú qkamavrsYK’ eFVkI ci ©bdisn§i PvgÁ cuti k¾CaRbePT kusldYgEtmYy eBalKWkalcutci aksYKe’ Tvelak eTIbGacbdisn§i enARtg;PvgÁrbs;xtþyi mhasal RBahµNmhasal KhbtImha sal)an . 3> sMesTCkMeNIt ³ )andl;stVtircäanBYkxøH CastVlt¥i tUc² cab;keM NItenAkñgú vtßú TIesµakeRKak reNþAPk;RCaM kñgú RtIsy¥ú kñgú nMb¥Úm kñgú saksBs¥yú kñgú sMbkeQIesµABukpuys¥yú rlYy dUcCasegácI éc dgávÚ mUsCasedIm . sUm,IenAkñgú tYxnøÜ mnusS kalsac;rlak rbYs man dMe)A k¾BkY sMesTCstV ehAfaemeraK GacekIteLIg)an enAkñgú RkBH eBaHevon manRBUn eRBaHCabriFansrIr³ EdlpÞkú cMNGI aharpuys¥yú rlYy kaksMNl; . 306

4> GNÐCkMeNIt ³ )andl;BkY tircäanxøH eRcInCaBYkbkSI Edlman kMeNItenAkñgú s‘tu luHkalcMerInFMeLIg eTIbEsVgrkTIsRmaleday ecaHsMbku s‘tu edayxønÜ Ég ekItecjBIsbM ks‘tu enaHehAfa smÖevsI kñgú xN³EdlecaHsMbku edIm,IEsVgrkTIekItenaH . 3 GMBkI mµ nigvi)akénkmµ clnaénCIvti viBaØaNdæti i nigbBaðakMeNIt mnusS)anemIleXIj bBaðabc©y½ 4 KWCatRmUvkarcaM)ac; kñgú karRTRTg;clnaCIvti xagpøvÚ kay . TnÞwmnwgenH mnusSk¾RtUvkarEtesaP½NPaB CasuksmösSCa\dæarmµN_ Edr b:Eu nþsPav³mineTogrbs;rbU Fm’ namFm’ GaRs½yman elaP³ eTas³ emah³ Cab£sKl; clnaénkmµrbs;mnusSTUeTA enAEtEsVgrkesckþI suxBitmineXIj . karsikSaGMBcI lnaCIvti eXIjfaesckþRI tUvkarFatuRTRTg;cBi a©mw EfrkSa]btßmKÖ aMRTCIvti [taMgenA mineRcInhYsBItRmUvkarBiteBk enaHeT rYmTaMg]bkrN_meFüa)ayepSg² sRmab;eRbIR)as; k¾ya:gdUecñH Edr . b:Eu nþGaRs½ymhictä a KWesckþeI laPln;xaø gM mnusS)aneRbIR)as; eBlevla kmøagM kay kmøagM citþ jauagM clnakmµ [RbckSR)akdeLIg edIm,I)annUv]bkrN_brikçar EdlhYsBIesckþRI tUvkarBit d¾eRcIn\t KNna eTAtamEtcitcþ g;)an RbkbedayPaBrMePIbeRsIbRsal rkTIbpM tu 307

Kµan kMNt;RBMEdnmin)an . ]bkrN_brikçarmeFüa)ayeRbIR)as;TaMg enaHrYmTaMgbc©y½ 4 KWsTu E§ ttak;EtgbegátI eLIg edayeFVkI arcRmaj; ecjBImhaPUtrUb4TaMgGs; ehIymanGnu)aTinñksgçar d¾eRcInmhima eRkayBIRtUv)ancRmaj;begátI eLIg minGacERbkøayeTACamhaPUtrUb4 vij)an rYmTaMgsarFatu]sµn½ rwg rav . karsikSaGMBcI lnaénkmµ Kb,IemIl[eXIj GMBdI eM NIrvivtþrbs; menaviBaØaNFatuenHfa )anjaMgu kaykmµ vcIkmµ[RbRBwteþ LIgcMeKal edA EdlfabuKlÁ R)afñacg;)anesckþsI xu etI)antamR)afñaEdrb¤eT? . Kb,Iyl;Gtßrbs;Baküfakmµ KWCaGMeBI CadMeNIrRbRBwtþ b¤CaTegVI CakargarGVImyY EdlbuKlÁ eFVIedaykay vacaeTAtamkarsnSMsnþan erog²xønÜ rbs;mnusSmñak;² niyayrYm KWCakicE© dlCnKb,IeFVI . Ékmµvtßú enaHk¾seM dAeTAelIbribT erOgra:v kargar vtßú smÖar³Edlcat;Tku Ca eKaledA EdlbuKÁlRtUvEsþgeLIgCaclnaénkmµrbs;xnøÜ enAkñgú eBl evlad¾Cak;lak;NamYy enAkñgú CIvti RbcaMéf¶ . kmµEdl)an b¤kBM gu sEmþgeLIg kñgú kMLgú eBlnImyY ² KWsTu E§ tmancitRþ )afña citCþ ab;CBM ak; beg¥aneTArkkmµenaHCaxagedIm eTIbciteþ nH jaúgM kmµNamYy [ekIt eLIg Esþgecjmk)anEdr . dUecñHkmµenH kmµvtßú b¤kargarTaMgLayenH KWBti CaGarmµN_rbs;cti þ . 308

kaykmµ vickI mµEdl)anRbRBwteþ LIg rEmgekItrYmCamYynwg\®nÞyI _ TaMgLay kalebImankarRbRBwtþeTACaerOy²rEmgdl;RBmnUvTuKtism,tþi b£sKu tism,tiþ EdlCaplvi)akepSg² eTAtamsnÞHú kmøagM citrþ bs;bKu Ál GñkRbRBwtþ edaypþl;eTA[GñkeFVvI ji EdlehAfa vi)akrbs;kmµenaH . erOgra:v kargar b¤kci ©rbs;kmµenH kalebIbuKÁl)aneFVICaerOy²rEmg jaúgM [menakmµekIteLIgCaerOy² eBalKWmenaCv½n rEmgsÞHú eTA Rtac; eTAtamGarmµN_Cakmµ Cakargar EdlcitFþ aø b;)anesayCaerOy²enaH Kµan»kassRmakTMenr TaMgkñgú GtIt bc©bú ,nñ rhUteTAGnaKt . niyayrYm clna b¤skmµPaBTaMgLayrbs;kmµ erOgra:v kargarvtßú kamTaMgLay EdlkmµFøab;)anRbRBwtþeLIg Føab;)antak;Etg EkécñeLIg suTE§ tCaGarmµNb,c©y½ rbs;menaCv½n EdlCaFmµCatisnSMsnþanTaMgGs; eXIjfa kmµenH CaGarmµN_rbs;cti þ ectsikedayBit . ebIkmµCaGarmµN_ rbs;cti þ ectsik kmµenH KWCabc©y½ tak;Etgcitþ ectsikRbePTkusl b¤Gkusl)anedayBit cMENkÉkuslCv½n b¤GkuslCv½nenH EdlnaM [vi)akciteþ kIteLIg enARtg;PvgÁrbs;bKu ÁlGñkeFVI edayxanBM)u an ehIyTukCamrtk[GñkeFVIpaÞ l; eTaHbIsm,timþ rtkenaHl¥ b¤GaRkk;Na mYyk¾eday . eBalKWsm,tþmi rtkCarUbv½nþ EdlbuKlÁ GñkeFI)V anTTYl rYmTaMgvi)akcitxþ agstisµartI kuslFm’ GkuslFm’enH Edl)an 309

tak;EtgCati tak;EtgkMeNIt tak;EtgKtism,tþi Ktivbi tþirbs;Gkñ eFVI KWBmMu anFmµCati GIV eRkAGMBvI )i akrbs;kmµenHeLIy . kmµrEmgekIteLIg ehIyrlt;eTAvijCaxN³² cMENkÉCv½ncitþ EdlekItrlt;CamYynwgkmµRbePTNamYyCaerOy²ehIy rEmgekIt)an Cavi)akcitþ ekItrlt;CaRbRktIenARtg;PvgÁ minEdlrlt;snU üeTAvij mYyxN³Na dUckmµeLIy . GaRs½ycitþ ectsik vi)akcitþ kmµ kic©kargar manTMnak;TnM gKñaya:genH eTAnwgclnaénCIvi ti CaehtunaM[ vtßkú amkþI FmµarmµN_kþI bBaØtkþi þI kmµvdþ vi)akvdþ suxTukrç bs;sgSarvdþ rEmgekItmanGtßPi aB enAkñgú elakenHKµanTIbpM tu Edr . karsikSaGMBkI mµ RBHsmµasm<Tú §)anEbgEckCaGkuslkmµ nig kuslkmµ. Gkuslkmµ )andl;Gkuslkmµbf10 kuslkmµ)andl; kuslkmµbf10 b¤bBu aØkiriyvtß1ú 0 . RbePTénkargarEdlbuKÁlKb,IeFVI enAkñgú elakenH maneRcInRbePT eRcInRbkarNas;. Kb,IRtUvdwg[R)akdfa kmµ KWCabc©y½ [vtßkú am RBmTaMgFm’ tak; EtgekIteLIg GaRs½ymancitCþ axagedIm eTIbbuKlÁ GacjaugM kmµ [RbRBwtþeTA)an . karEbgEckRbePTkuslkmµ Gkuslkmµ Kb,IemIl [eXIjedaybBaØa GMBIksu lciteþ nH b¤Gkuslcitþ EdlCaFmµCati pþcÜ epþmI énkmµenaH . kuslcitþ Gkuslcitþ KWmankuslehtu Gkusl ehtuCab£sKl; Ékmµ b£kargareRcInNas; segátemIleTA BMEu mnCakar 310

smøab; ebotebonCIvit GñkdéT[Føak;cHu BMEu mnCakarlYcqk;bnø ; PUtkuhk e)akR)as; eFV[I CIvti RTBüsm,tþGi kñ déTvinas)at;bg; edayeXIjCak; EsþgnwgEPñkk¾eTEdr . b:Eu nþbNÐti elaksMKal;)anfa vi)akkmµenH [pl CaGkuslvi)ak dl;nvU esckþvI ni as dl;nvU TuKÁtsi m,tiþ enARtg;kmµenaH RbRBwtþeLIg GaRs½yman elaP³ eTas³ emah³ Cab£sKl; kalbuKÁl TTYlpl rEmgdl;nvU kMeNItkñgú G)ayTuKtÁ i . vi)akénGkuslkmµenH KWenARtg; kalbuKÁltak;EtgsnSMCaerOy² nUvkaysgçar vcIsgçar menasgçarrbs;xnøÜ RbkbEtnwgcitBþ üa)aT RcENnQñanIs RbkbEtnwg eTas³ KWkhM gw eRkveRkaF buKlÁ enaHk¾ngw taMgenAkñgú elak RbkbEtnwg karBüa)aTKña ekItkñgú elakRbkbEtnwgTukç ehIypsS³ KWkarBal;RtUv TaMgLay enARtg;kayTVarkþI vcITaV rkþI buKÁlenaHEtgb:HxÞb;CbY RbsBVnvU sPav³énTukç nUvkarBüa)aT ehIyevTnarbs;buKÁlenaHk¾CaTukç CaBüa)aT Etmüa:g eRBaHkMeNIt rEmgekItGMBPI Utkmµya:genH . cMENkÉbuKÁl Edlmin)aneFVnI vU Gkuslkmµ kaysgçar vcIsgçar menasgçarrbs;bKu Ál BYkenaH k¾mni )antak;Etg nUvFm’Büa)aT QñanIsKña min)antak;EtFm’ CaeTas³ sPav³énesckþBI üa)aT kMhgw k¾mni )anBal;RtUvdl;rbU buKÁl enaHEdr . kalkMeNItminmanesckþBI üa)aT kMeNItminmankMhgw citTþ TYlesaynUvevTnaEtmüa:g KWesckþsI xu EdlCaplrbs;ksu l kmµEtmüa:g . 311

cMENkÉbuKlÁ kalRtUvelaPcitRþ Kbsgát;ehIy k¾rEmgtak;Etg kaysgçar vcIsgçar menasgçarrbs;xnøÜ [Cab;CBM ak;ceM BaHkmµ kargar vtßkú amenaH eTAtamEtcitþR)afña citeþ laPenaHBMEu dlxan eTaHbIkmµenaH kargarenaH b:HBal;dl;GayuCvI ti plRbeyaCn_rbs;Gkñ déTya:gNa² k¾eday buKÁlelaP rEmgriHrkRKb;lT§PaBmeFüa)ay RbkbedayGaf’ kM)aMg edIm,IeFVyI a:gNa [EtvtßCú aTIR)afña )anmktammhicätarbs;xnøÜ . kartak;Etgkaysgçar vcIsgçar menasgçarcMeBaHkmµRbkbedayelaPcitþ ya:genH eTIbbuKlÁ BYkxøHkñgú elak rkesckþsI xu BMeu XIjenaH eRBaHkmµ TaMgLay EdlbuKÁl)anRbRBwteþ LIg suTE§ tekItedaykuslectna b¤ Gkuslectnaya:genH eTIbRBHsmµasm<Tú §)anelIkkmµ5ya:gmksEmþg. GMBkI mµ5ya:g GaRs½ykmµ CaFmµCaticat;Ecg tak;EtgCatikeM NIt suKti TuKtÁ i l¥ GaRkk; man Rkrbs;bKu ÁlCaGñkRbRBwtþ eTIbRBHsmµasm<Tú e§ lIkyk kmµ5 ya:gmkRtas;sEmþgR)ab;Pki Tçú aMgLayKW ³ 1>kmµ kmµsSekamð³i famnusSTaMgLay mankmµCarbs;pgxønÜ KWkal buKlÁ ÉNamYy )aneFVkI uslkmµ b¤Gkuslkmµ edaykayvacacitþrbs;xnøÜ plCavtßkú amkþI CakielskamkþI Cakuslvi)ak b¤Gkuslvi)akkþI b¤CaKuNsm,tþi CaKuNvibtþki þI kMeNItCasuKtikþI CaTuKtÁ ki þI KWplenH 312

ekIteLIg edaysarkmµrbs;Gkñ eFVImañ k;²b:eu NÑaHedayBit KW\tmanGñk NamYy nwgnaMmk[ eRkABIxnøÜ ÉgCaGñk[ edayxønÜ ÉgeLIy . 2>kmµTayaeTa ³ buKÁlEdl)aneFVkI mµNamYy kmµenaHrEmghucpl CaEpøbN u ü b¤Epø)ab EdlCamrtkekItmaneLIgBIkmµenaH² BMEu dlxan GaRs½yxønÜ )anbNþHú BUC )anksag )aneFIeV dayxøÜnÉgCaxagedIm . KWfakalebIxagedImterogmk xønÜ )anBüayameFIlV ¥ eFVRI tUv evlanwg hucpl²enaHk¾naM[ceRmInxagl¥ b:Eu nþebIxagedImterogmk xønÜ )an BüayameFVxI agGaRkk; eFVIxsu evlanwghucpl²enaH k¾naM[ceRmInxag GaRkk; xagxus TukCamrtkrbs;xnøÜ terogeTA . 3> kmµeyanI ³ buKlÁ TaMgLaymankuslkmµ Gkuslkmµ EdlxønÜ )anksag )aneFVI )ansnSMCaerOy² edaykayvacacitþ [xønÜ ekIteLIg [xønÜ taMgenA Rtg;sKu tiPB b¤TKu tÁ Pi B dUcEdlxønÜ )aneFVI minEdlxan KWfamanEtkmµ EdlxønÜ )aneFVCI axagedImenaHeT EdlCaFmµCatitak;Etg CatikeM NIt tak;EtgPBsm,tþi pþl;eTA[GñkRbRBwtþ \tmanFmµCatiGIV eRkAGMBkI mµenH CaGñk[eLIy . 4>kmµBn§ú ³ buKlÁ TaMgLay kalmankmµ KWkargardUcKña b¤RtUvKña k¾rEmgeFVcI ti þ Gb;rGM FüaRs½yrbs;bKu ÁlTaMgenaH [dUcKña . kalebI buKÁlenaH )anPb;RbsBVCamYyKña R)aRs½yTak;Tgkargar CamYyKña k¾Kg;ngw )anKña mkCamitþP½kþi CaepABgS Cabgb¥ÚneTAtambuBaØkmµ b¤ 313

)abkmµerog²xønÜ KWfakalebIbKu lÁ CaGñkeFVIbN u ü k¾ngw rab;rkGñkeFVI buNüdUcKña ebIbKu lÁ eFV)I ab k¾ngw rab;rkGñkeFI)V ab CaGsb,úrsdUcKña . 5>kmµb,disreNa ³ kalebIbKu lÁ )anRbRBwtkþ argarl¥kþI GaRkk;kþI CaerOy² rEmgeFV[I kargarl¥ b¤GaRkk;enaH )anmkCaGarmµN_ Canimitþ rbs;cti Gþ kñ eFVI BMEu dlxan BMEu dlePøc KWkmµenaHhak;dcU EtgehA EtgeRbIstV [nwkrkCanic©Cakal KWfakalebIkmµ b¤kargarenaHCa rbs;PB sm,tþN i a citrþ bs;buKÁl k¾rEmgnwkrMBgw ykCaGarmµN_ enARtg; PBsm,tþei naH eTIbRBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;sEM dgfa mnusSmankmµCa TIBgw TIrlwk KWrlwkEbbya:gdUecñH . edaysarRBHsmµasm<úTy§ l;c,as; GMBTI sSn³kmµplya:genH eTIbRBHGgÁelIkykkareFVI karRbRBwt1þ 0Rbkar rEmg)anCaTIBgW KW ³ nafkrNFm’10Rbkar RBHsmµasm<Tú )§ anRtas;dgw eXIjehtubc©y½ rbs;kmµ nigplrbs; kmµ rEmgnaMstVelakeTAya:gdUecñH RBHGgÁdgw c,as;fastVelak rEmg EsVgrkehtuCaeRKOgdl;nvU mgÁl KWesckþsI xu nigesckþcI eRmInRKb; Rbkar eTIbRTg;elIkyknafkrNFm’10Rbkar mksEmþgR)ab;Pki çTú aMg LayKg;enAvtþeCtBnfa Fm’10RbkarenH kalbuKÁl)aneFVI )anRbti btþi )anRbkbCaerOy² rEmgnaMGkñ eFVI [CaTIBgw )andl;nvU esckþsI xu . 314

RBHGgÁRTg;Rtas;sEmþgfa ³ mñalPikçTú aMgLay cUrmanxønÜ CaTIBgw BMmu anrbs;déT CaTIBgw )aneLIy . - snafa Pikevçev vihrf ma Gnafa ERbfa ³ mñalPikTçú aMgLay cUr manTIBgw cuH kMCu aGñkminmanTIBgw eLIy . - TukçM Pikeç v Gnaefa vihrti rt ERbfa ³ mñalPikçúTaMgLay eRBaH mnusSEdlminmanTIBgw rEmgenACaTukdç eU cñH . Gtþa hi Gtþena naefa KWxnøÜ b:ueNÑaH CaTIBgw rbs;xnøÜ eRBaHekItmkCamnusSenH KWGaRs½ykmµ pÞal;rbs;xnøÜ Edl)antak;EtgxønÜ [naMeTARtg;suKti b¤TKu KÁ tienaH . Fm’ b¤GeM BIEdlpþl;[GñkRbRBwtþ )anCaTIBgw BMnak; dl;nvU esckþI suxceRmInRKb;RbkarenaHKW ³ 1>slI ³ )andl;karRbRBwteþ daykaykmµ vcIkmµ RtwmRtUvtamRkwtü viny½ sikaç bT c,ab;Tmøab;rbs;sgÁm Rkum RtkUl KN³ nikay EdlbuKÁl kMBgu rs;enA edayrkSasNþab;Fañ b; kayvacamin[b:HBal; ebotebondl; GayuCvI it esckþéI føfñÚr RTBüsm,tþi siTe§i srIPaBrbs;buKÁldéT . kiryi a evorcakCaRsLH nUvkayvacaRbkbedayeTasya:genHeBalKWkarRbtibtþi maRtac,ab; sikçabT BitCa)annUvTIBgw BMnak; KWehtuénesckþIsux ceRmInRbkarmYyrbs;Gkñ RbRBwtþ eRBaHCabuKlÁ minmaneTas . 2>Bhusc©³ )andl;bKu ÁlEdlmanesckþeI cHdwgeRcIn . Bakükmµ KWkci ©TaMgLayEdlCnKb,IeFVI maneRcInRbkarNas; GaRs½yeTAtam karsnSM karbNþHú ]bnisS½yrbs;bKu lÁ mñak;² . ePaKplkargarEdl 315

GaRs½ykmµ)antak;Etg )anbegátI eLIg edIm,IcBi a©wm ]btßmKÖ aMRTCIvti EdlkMBgu rs;enA KWTak;Tgya:gCitsñTi d§ l;smtßPaB karecHdwg PaB Qøasévbinu Rbsb; rbs;bKu ÁlTaMgGs; . ÉcMeNHdwg TaMgEpñkhtßkmµ sil,kmµ c,ab;Fm’vni y½ sikaç bT TaMgxagpøvÚ elak pøvÚ RBHBuTs§ asna KWGaRs½ykarsikSaeronsURt[)aneRcIn sþab;[)aneRcIn Binti üsegát dkbTBiesaFn_[)aneRcIn eroneFIV eronGnuvtþ[)aneRcIn nUvsc©PaB TaMgLayenaH eTIbehAfaCaBhusSÚt . PaBsÞat;CnM aj binu Rbsb;kgñú htßkmµ sib,kmµ kic©karviCa¢ CIv³enH ehIy EdlCanafkrNFm’myY d¾sxM an; kñgú karEsVgrkmgÁlénCIvti eRBaHplénkmµenH rEmg)anmkCaRbeyaCn_Bti kñgú bc©bú ,nñ Gaccat;Tku CaTidFæ mµevTnIykuslkmµya:genHk¾)an . 3>klüaNmittþ a ³ sMedAdl;buKÁl esBKb;rab;rkmitlþ ¥ KWmti Eþ dl mansnþancitlþ ¥ CamitEþ dlman]bkar³ rYmsux rYmTukç CamitRþ )ab; RbeyaCn_ mancitQ þ Wqa¥ lcMeBaHmitrþ bs;xnøÜ . 4>esavcsSta ³ )andl;bKu Ál eFV[I eKRbedATUnaµ n)angay minman citGþ sµimanH CaGñkcUlcitsþ aþ b;dMbnU aµ nrbs;sb,úrs ehIyminlHbg;nvU sb,úrsFm’enaH . 5>kwkrNIeysu Tkç Tktç a³a³ )andl;bKu Ál kal)aneXIjkick© arFur³GIVrbs; GñkdéTd¾KYrnwgCYy k¾CaGñkmancit]þ sSah_CyY kick© arenaH² tamEdlxønÜ 316

GacCYy)an CaehtunaM[GñkdéT k¾ngw CYyTukçFur³rbs;xnøÜ vij BIeRBaH buKlÁ mñak;²BMGu acmanlT§PaB smtßPaBbMeBjtRmUvkarRKb;bBaðapÞal; xønÜ edayBMcu aM)ac;mankarpþl;lT§PaB xagsmÖar³ sµartI BIbKu ÁldéT )aneLIy . eTIbRBHsmµsm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;fa karCYyFur³ CYykargar CakmøagM kaykþI Cavtßsú mÖar³ bBaØakþdI l;bKu ÁldéT CaehtuénkarTIBgw dl;nvU esckþsI xu )an eRBaHbuKlÁ déTKg;plþ ;tbGI[V xønÜ vijBMxu an . 6>Fmµkamta ³ sMedAdl;bKu Ál EdlCaGñkmanesckþRI )afñacMeBaH Fm’l¥ EdlCasPav³RTRTg;nvU KuNRbeyaCn_ KWesckþsI xu esckþcI eRmIn RKb;Rbkar . 7>vIryi ³ CadMeNIrénkareFVI karRbRBwtþ karRbkbCaerOy²nUvkusl kmµ b¤kci ©kargarCaRbeyaCn_TaMgLay TaMgkic©karsikSaeronsURt Fm’vni y½ kþI TaMgkick© arhtßkmµ ksikmµ vaNiCk¢ mµ evC¢kmµ sil,³vb,kmµ CaedImkþI mindak;Fur³ RbkbedayxnþI GMNt;Gt;Fn;RKb;]bsKÁ . 8>snþdú æi ³ kalebICaGñkecHdwgeRcIn manesckþBI üayambMeBjkargar CaerOy² CMnHRKb;]bsKÁ kalebI)anseRmcpl )anlaPya:gNa² k¾mansnþaneRtkGr eTAtamGIEV dlman Edl)ancMeBaHmux tamkmøagM smµaGaCIeva eRBaH)andwgc,as;GBM Iehtubc©y½ EdlnaM[)anlaPya:genH. 9>sti ³ buKÁlEdlRbkbedaystism,CBaØ³ KWstienHehIy Edl das;etOncitþrbs;bKu Ál [nwkrlwkCaerOy²nUvFm’CaRbeyaCn_ Edl)an 317

yl;c,as;ehIyfa cMENkenHCakusl cMENkenaHCaGkuslRbkb edayeTas . müa:g KWstiecksikenHehIy Edl)annaMbKu Ál[rab; GanFm’Cakusl lHbg;Fm’EdlGñkR)aCJmni rab;Gan k¾naM[buKlÁ man esckþRI bugRby½tñ nwkeXIjCanic© cMeBaHkmµ Kwkci k© arCaRbeyaCn_enaH . 10> 10>bBaØa ³ )andl;sPav³énnamFm’ EdleXIjRtUv yl;RtUvGMBI ehtuplBiténkmµ énkargarEdlRtUveFVI minmanesckþPI an;RcLM mineFVI TaMgggwtggl; KWdgw nUvviFI rebob pøvÚ EdlRtUvRbRBwtþ edIm,IseRmcnUv RbeyaCn_TaMgpøvÚ elak TaMgpøvÚ Fm’ . TaMg10RbkarenH KWCaFm’ Cakargar kalebIbuKlÁ )aneFVeI hIy rEmg)anCaTIBgw rbs;Gkñ eFVyI a:gBit ehIyk¾rEmg)annUvFmµcká 4 Rbkar eTotKW ³ 1>bdirbU eTsvas ³ buKlÁ enaHrEmg)aneTAekIt )anrs;enAkñgú RbeTs b£RtkUlRKYsarEdlsmKYr KWCaRbeTs b¤vgSRtkUlRKYsarEdl CaBYkCnRbkbedaysmµaTidæi CaGñkdwknaMRKb;RKgRbeTs b¤vgS RtkUlRKYsarenaH² . 2>sb, sb,rú sUiiú sbU sMesv³ sv CaGñk)anesBKb; )anrs;enACamYyBYk sb,úrs EdlCaGñkmansmµaTidæi CabNÐti ehIyk¾ngw rEmgTTYlkar Gb;rTM nU aµ n eRbonRbedAGMBFI m’sb,úrs BIBkY CnTaMgenaHCaerOy² buKÁl k¾)aneTACaGñkRbedAgay . 318

3>Gtþ GtþsmµabNiFiFi ³ GaRs½ybc©y½ énkmµCakuslTaMgLay xagelI buKÁlk¾)antaMgxøÜn b¤tmál;xnøÜ rs;enAedayRbéB ehIyk¾RbRBwtþ xønÜ [kan;EtsmKYrRtwmRtUvtamzan³naTI cMeBaHkick© arCaRbeyaCn_TaMg Lay kñgú karrs;enARbcaMéf¶ eRBaHCabuKÁlmansIl manKuNFm’pgEdr . 4>bubueBVktbuBaØta ³ buKÁlkal)aneFVnI vU nafkrNFm’TaMgLayya:g enH k¾ngw )anCaTIBgw BMnak;kgñú bc©bú ,nñ eRBaHGaRs½yxønÜ )aneFVRI tUv kñgú bc©bú ,nñ plénesckþcI eRmInxagRtUvkñgú bc©bú ,nñ k¾ekItR)akdeLIg ya:genH .müa:gk¾GaRs½yxønÜ )aneFVIbN u ü eFVRI tUv ksagTukBIkalxagedIm pgEdr eTIb)anmkekItenARtg;PBsm,tþi KWRbeTs b¤RtkUlRKYsard¾ smKYrceRmInxagesckþIsuxya:genH ehIyplénkmµenH k¾)anCamrtk CaTayaTnaMbKu lÁ GñkRbRBwtþ [eTAekItenARtg;suKtism,tþdi s¾ mKYrbnþ eTAGnaKtCatieTot eTIbcat;Tku CaFmµcká eRBaHRbkarya:genH . niyayrYmRBHsmµasm<Tú R§ Tg;Rtas;dgw emIleXIjfa stVbKu Ál GaRs½yman emah³ b¤GviCa¢ Cab£sKl; k¾manesckþRI bkan;maM Rbkan; s¥tw Rbkan;xsu faGV²I Kb,I)anmk nigtaMgenAtamesckþRI )afñarbs;xnøÜ b:Eu nþsPav³Bitrbs;txY nøÜ enH KWCasgçarFm’ CabBa©knç § b¤CarUbFm’ CanamFm’ min)anRbRBwtþeTAtamGMNacénesckþRI )afñarbs;bKu Álmñak;² enaHeLIy BIeRBaHrUbnamCaFmµCatiekIteLIgehIy rEmgERbRbYlvinas nigrlt;sabsUnüeTAvijCaFmµta minGacRbkan;hYgEhgtamcitRþ )afña rbs;xnøÜ )aneLIy EdlehAfaGntþaFm’enaH . 319

cMENkvi)akrbs;kmµ EdlCaGarmµN_nmi itþrbs;cti þrEmgtak;Etg)an Cavi)akcitþ eTIbCaFmµCatiBti rbs;bKu ÁlGñkeFVI TaMgkñgú bc©bú ,nñ TaMgeTA brelak eRBaHEtvi)akcitþ b¤vBi aØaNminsabsUnü cMENkFmµCatisabsUnu ü KWrUbFm’EbkFøay CIvitbc©bú ,nñrlt;be:u NÑaH. enAeBlstVsøab; KWv)i akcitþ b¤vBi aØaNFatuenHehIy EdleFVkI ci ©ctu i bdisn§ei nARtg;PvgÁrbs;GtþPaB fµI eTAtamGMNacénplrbs;kmµ kalmanGtþPaBCamnusS eBalKWkmµenH ehIyEdltak;Etg)anCacitþectsikRKb;RbePTdYgenaH RKan;EtmhKÁkcitþ nigelakutþrcitRþ bRBwtEþ tedaymenakmµbe:u NÑaH . 3

320

matikaFm’

TMBr½

GarmÖkfa>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>I-III CMBkU TI1³ BuTb§ ,vtþi ........................................................................... 1 1> GMBCI atiPmU i nigvgSRtkUlrbs;RBHsiTt§ ß ................................... 1 2> GMBGI tItCatirbs;RBHsiTt§ ß .......................................................5 3> GMBsI nþsú ti eTvbuRtRTg;cab;bdisn§yi kkMeNItCaRBHsiTt§ ß ..........9 4> RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;RbsUt ..................................................10 5> TMnaymhabursi lkçN³rbs;RBHbrmeBaFistV ...................... 11 6> RBHraCaPiesk...................................................................... 13 7> RBHbrmeBaFistVRTg;sagRBHpñsÜ ..........................................15 8> kñgú sMNak;RBHraCRKUGaLartabs ]Tktabs Tukrá kiryi a ...... 18 9> RBHbrmeBaFistVTTYldgVaymFu)ayas ............................... 22 10> RBHbrmeBaFistVpa© j;marcit)þ ab ...........................................25 CMBkU TI2 ³ GPisem<aFiRtas;dgw nUvGasvkçyviCa¢ ............................. 27 11> bnÞab;B)I anRtas;dgw nUveBaFisBVBaØútBaØaN ............................. 34 12> RBhµGaraFnasEmþgFm’........................................................ 36 13> RBHsmµasm<Tú s§ EmþgFmµcRk ................................................ 38 CMBkU TI3 ³ RBHsmµasm<Tú §yagRbkassasna ................................ 43 14> GKÁsavksnñ)i at ...................................................................52 CMBkU TI4 ³ RBHBuTy§ ageTARkugkbilBsþeú R)asRBHjativgS .............. 58 15> RBHsmµasm<Tú b§ MbsY sküvgS................................................. 63 16> RTg;sEmþgGMBvI tþRbtibtþirbs;esþccRkBüakrN_BI

RBHGriyemetþyü ................................................................. 67 17> RTg;sEmþgRBHéRtlkçN_eR)asBuTb§ ita ................................. 77 18> erOgGnafbiNkÐi esdæI nigraCKhesdæI .................................... 82 19> erOgeTvTtþPki úç ......................................................................86 CMBkU TI5 ³ GMBbI rmtßFm’ .................................................................92 20> GMBrI bU brmtß ..........................................................................92 21> GMBbI BaØtFþi m’ ......................................................................102 22> GMBcI ti bþ rmtß ...................................................................... 106 23> GMBGI armµN_ny½ ................................................................. 115 24> GMBkI su lcit-þ Gkuslcitþ ...................................................120 25> GMBGI kuslcitþ 12 Rbkar ..................................................124 26> GMBGI ehtukcitþ 18 dYg ..................................................... 127 -Gkuslvi)ak 7 dYg ................................................ 128 -kuslvi)ak 8 dYg ................................................... 130 -Gehtukkiryi a 3 dYg..............................................131 27> kamavcresaPNcitþ 24 dYg .............................................132 28> GMBeI ctsikbrmtß ...............................................................142 29> GMBeI ctsik 52 dYg ............................................................ 150 30> Gkuslectsik14dYg ...................................................... 162 31> esaPNectsik25dYg...................................................... 167 - esaPNsaFarNectsik19dYg .................................... 167 - virtiecsik 3 dYg ............................................................ 172 - Gb,mBaØaectsik2dYg ...................................................173 - bBaØaectsik1dYg ..........................................................173

32> GMBrI )U avcrcit1þ 5dYg ........................................................... 174 33> GMBGI rU)avcrcit1þ 2dYg........................................................181 34> GMBGI ana)ansStikmµdaæ n>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>184 CMBkU TI6 ³ Tuknç ei raFKaminbI dibTa .............................................. 203 35> GMBkI ei ls ........................................................................ 203 36> vIFIlHkiels ..................................................................... 206 - vitki má káei ls ..................................................................207 - briydu aæ nkiels............................................................. 211 - Gnusy½ kiels .............................................................. 213 37> GMBcI ti þ nigGarmµN_ ........................................................... 213 38> smfkmµdaæ n vibsSnakmµdaæ nCakmøagM rbs;vibsSnajaN ...216 39> eBaFibkçyi Fm’7kgCaCMnyY kmøagM [vibsSnajaN .............220 - stibdæan4 .....................................................................220 - smµb,Fan4 .................................................................. 231 - \Ti)§ aT4 ........................................................................ 232 - \®nÞyI _5 ........................................................................ 233 - Bl³5 ........................................................................... 234 - eBaCÄgÁ7....................................................................... 235 - mKÁGgÁ8 ........................................................................ 237 40> GriybuKlÁ 4BYk ................................................................. 240 41> vibsSnakmµdaæ n.................................................................. 244 42> GMBvI si Tu §i 7 ........................................................................ 245 43> viemakç 3 eQµaHRBHniBaV n .................................................. 246 44> GMBéI RtlkçN_ nigGnubsSna 3..........................................247

45> GMBGI armµN_rbs;vbi sSnakmµdaæ n ........................................ 248 - GMBxI n§ 5......................................................................... 249 - Gaytn³ 12 ................................................................. 250 - Fatu 18 ........................................................................ 251 - \®nIyÞ _ 22......................................................................252 - Griysc©³4 ................................................................... 253 - bdic©smub,aT12 ........................................................... 254 46> GMBvI bi sSnajaN 10 ........................................................ 255 47> eKaRtPUcti þ ........................................................................ 263 48> mKÁcti þ ............................................................................. 263 49> plcitþ............................................................................... 264 50> bc©evkçNvifcI ti þ.................................................................. 264 51> niBaVnFatumni manGarmµN_ ................................................... 265 CMBkU TI7 ³ bkiNkÑ Fm’ ............................................................... 287 52> GMBCI vI ti ............................................................................. 287 53> GMBvI Bi aØaNdæti i ....................................................................291 54> GMBeI yani4 ......................................................................... 299 55> GMBkI mµ nigplrbs;kmµ ..................................................... 307 - GMBkI mµ5ya:g.................................................................312 - nafkrNFm’10Rbkar .................................................. 314