HISTORY
MACINTOSH
»ÃÐÇѵÔáÅФÇÒÁ໚¹ÁÒ MACINTOSH
áͻ໠Š(Apple Inc.) ËÃ×Í㹪׋Íà´ÔÁ áͻ໠ŤÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà (Apple Computer Inc.) ໚¹ºÃÔÉѷ㹫ÔÅԤ͹ÇÑÅàÅ ·Ó¸ØáԨà¡ÕèÂǡѺ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà áͻ໠Ż¯ÔÇѵԤÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà µÑé§âµ Ðã¹Âؤ 70 ´ŒÇÂà¤Ã×èͧáͻ໠ŷ٠(Apple II) áÅÐáÁ¤ÍÔ¹·Íª (Macintosh) ã¹Âؤ 80 »˜¨¨ØºÑ¹áͻ໠ÅÁժ׋ÍàÊÕ§´ŒÒ¹ÎÒà ´áÇà ઋ¹ äÍáÁ¤ ä;ʹ äÍ⿹ áÅРÌҹ¢ÒÂà¾Å§Í͹äŹ äÍ·Ù¹Ê »ÃÐÇѵÔâ´ÂÂ‹Í ºÃÔÉÑ· Apple Computer Inc. ä´Œà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃËÇÁ¡Ñ¹¡‹ÍµÑŒ§¢Í§ ʵտ ¨çÍºÊ áÅРʵտ ÇÍ«à¹Õ¡ ·Ó¡Òû¯ÔÇѵԸØáԨ ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà µÑé§âµ Ðã¹Âؤ 70 â´Â¡ÒùÓà¤Ã׋ͧ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà à¤Ã׋ͧáá·Õ‹»ÃдÔÉ° ¨Ò¡âçö ÍÍ¡ÁÒ¢ÒÂ㹪×èÍ Apple I ·Õ‹ÃÒ¤Ò¨Ó˹‹Ò 666.66 àËÃÕÂÞ ã¹¨Ó¹Ç¹áÅÐÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ¨Ó¡Ñ´ ÀÒÂã¹»‚¶Ñ´ÁÒ¡çä´Œ¼ÅÔµà¤Ã׋ͧ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ·Õ‹·ÓÂÍ´¨Ó˹‹ÒÂÊÙ§ÊØ´ãËŒ¡ÑººÃÔÉÑ· ³ ¢³Ð¹Ñé¹ ¤×Í Apple II «Öè§à»š¹¡ÒÃà» ´ÈÑ¡ÃÒªãËÁ‹áË‹§Ç§¡ÒÃäÁâ¤Ã¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà áÅÐ໚¹¡ÒÃÊÌҧ ÁҵðҹãËŒ¡ÑºäÁâ¤Ã¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ·Õèà¡Ô´ÁÒµÒÁËÅѧ·ÑŒ§ËÁ´
㹪‹Ç§àÇÅҴѧ¡Å‹ÒÇ ·Ò§ºÃÔÉÑ·¨ÐÁØ‹§à¹Œ¹¡ÒâÒÂÃкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡ÒÃÁÒ¡¡Ç‹Ò·Õè¨Ð¢Ò¼ÅÔµÀѳ± äÁâ¤Ã¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¢Í§¼ÅÔµÀѳ± ¨Ò¡ºÃÔÉÑ· Intel áÅÐ IBM ·Ó§Ò¹ ä´Œ´Õ¡Ç‹Ò µ‹ÍÁÒã¹Âؤ 80 Apple Inc. ä´Œ¾Ñ²¹Òà¤Ã×èͧ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ãËŒÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾à¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ Ê‹§¼Å¶Ö§ÂÍ´¨Ó˹‹Ò·ÕèÊÙ§¢Öé¹µÒÁÅӴѺ ÀÒÂ㵌ª×èͼÅÔµÀѳ± Macintosh «Öè§Âѧʋ§¼ÅãËŒ Apple Âѧ¤§ÁÕª×èÍàÊÕ§㹴ŒÒ¹¼ÅÔµÀѳ± ÁÒ¨¹¶Ö§»˜¨¨ØºÑ¹´ŒÇÂÁҵðҹáÅÐàÍ¡Åѡɳ ·Ò§¡Òà µÅÒ´·ÕèÊÍ´¤ÅŒÍ§¡Ñº»³Ô¸Ò¹Í§¤ ¡Ã·ÕèÇ‹Ò“¤Ô´Í‹ҧᵡµ‹Ò§ (Think Different)” ¼ÅÔµÀѳ± ·Õè ÁÑ¡ä´ŒÃѺ¡ÒáŋÒǶ֧áÅÐ໚¹·Õè¹ÔÂÁÍ‹ҧá¾Ã‹ËÅÒÂã¹»˜¨¨ØºÑ¹ ÍҨẋ§ä´Œà»š¹ 3 ¡ÅØ‹Á´ŒÇ¡ѹ 䴌ᡋ à¤Ã×èͧ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ·Ñ駷Õè໚¹¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ¢¹Ò´¾¡¾Ò (MacBook, MacBook Pro) áÅФÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà ʋǹºØ¤¤Å (iMac, PowerMac) Ãкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡ÒäÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍà 䴌ᡋ Mac OSX (áÁ¤âÍàÍÊà·ç¹) ÍØ»¡Ã³ ¿˜§à¾Å§¢¹Ò´¾¡¾Ò 䴌ᡋ ÊÒ¼ÅÔµÀѳ± iPod áÅÐ iPhone ÍØ»¡Ã³ àÊÃÔÁµ‹Ò§æ ઋ¹ iSight, AirPort ÏÅÏ â»Ãá¡ÃÁáÅкÃÔ¡ÒÃàÊÃÔÁµ‹Ò§æ ÍÒ·Ô iTunes ໚¹µŒ¹ à¡Ãç´Í×è¹æ ã¹ÀҾ¹µÃ àÃ×èͧ ÍѨ©ÃÔÂл˜ÞÞÒ¹ÔèÁ (Forrest Gump) ¿Íà àÃʵ ¡ÑÁ»Š ¶Ù¡ªÑ¡ªÇ¹â´Â¼ÙŒËÁÇ´á´¹ ãˌ໚¹ËØŒ¹Ê‹Ç¹¢Í§ºÃÔÉÑ·áͻ໠ÅᵋµÑÇ¿Íà àÃʵ àͧ¹Ö¡Ç‹ÒËÁÒ¶֧áͻ໠ŷÕè໚¹¼ÅäÁŒ «Öè§ã¤Ãæ ËÅÒ¤¹¡çÃÙŒ¨Ñ¡áÅÐ㪌Ãкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡Òà Windows ¢Í§ Microsoft ¡Ñ¹ÍÂÙ‹á¾Ã‹ËÅÒ¡ÒþѲ¹Ò¢Í§áµ‹ÅÐàÇÍà ªÑè¹ «Öè§á¹‹¹Í¹ Mac OS X ¡ç໚¹ÍÕ¡Ãкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡ÒÃ˹Ö觷ÕèàÃÔèÁÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¹ÔÂÁáÅÐ໚¹·Õèá¾Ã‹ËÅÒ¡ѹÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ «Öè§ Mac OS X ¹Õéä´ŒÁվѲ¹ÒÁÒÍ‹ҧµ‹Íà¹×èͧâ´ÂäÁ‹µ‹Ò§¨Ò¡ Windows ઋ¹¡Ñ¹ ᵋ¤ÇÒÁ ÊÒÁÒö¢Í§ Mac OS X ¹Ñé¹äÁ‹ä´ŒÁÕ´Õᤋ¤ÇÒÁÊǧÒÁ à·‹Ò¹Ñé¹ áµ‹ÂѧÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàʶÕÂà ·ÕèÊÙ§¡Ç‹Ò Windows ÍÕ¡
ÃÙŒ¨Ñ¡¡Ñº Mac OS X
Mac OS X Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò áÁ¤âÍàÍÊ à·¹ (µÑÇ X á·¹ËÁÒÂàÅ¢ 10 ¢Í§µÑÇàÅ¢âÃÁѹ) ໚¹Ãкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡Òà ¢Í§à¤Ã×èͧ Macintosh ·ÕèÍ͡ẺÁÒãËŒÁÕàʶÕÂÃÀÒ¾ÊÙ§ 㪌§Ò¹ §‹ÒÂËÒ¡Êѧࡵءç¨Ð¾ºÇ‹Ò˹ŒÒ¨Í§¢Í§ Mac OS X ¹Ñé¹à¡ÅÕé§à¡ÅÒ äÁ‹ÁÕÍÐäÃãËŒ áËÙáµÒÁջ؆ÁËÃ×Íà¤Ã×èͧÁ×Í੾ÒзÕè¨Ò໚¹à·‹Ò¹Ñé¹ Ë¹ŒÒ¨Í¶Ö§´ÙÊÐÍÒ´ àÃÕºËÃÙ Mac OS X ä´Œ¶Ù¡¾Ñ²¹ÒÁÒËÅÒÂàÇÍà ªÑ¹ â´Âà´×͹ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á»‚ 2001 ºÃÔÉÑ· Apple ¡ç䴌໠´µÑÇ Mac OS X àÇÍà ªÑ¹ááÍÍ¡ÁÒ ¤×Í Mac Os X 10.0 â´ÂÁÕÍÕ¡ª×èÍ˹Öè§ Ç‹Ò Cheetah (ªÕµŒÒà ) ËÅѧ¨Ò¡·Õè Mac OS X 10.0 ËÃ×Í Cheetah àÇÍà ªÑ¹áá·Õè à» ´µÑÇä»äÁ‹¹Ò¹ ·Ò§ Apple ¡çäÁ‹ËÂØ´·Õè¨Ð¾Ñ²¹Òµ‹Í â´Âà´×͹¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹¢Í§»‚à´ÕÂǡѹ䴌ÍÍ¡àÇÍà ªÑ¹ ãËÁ‹ ¤×Í Mac OS X 10.1 ËÃ×ÍÍÕ¡ª×èÍÇ‹Ò Puma (¾ÃÙÁ‹Ò) «Öè§à»š¹àÇÍà ªÑ¹·Õè»ÃÐʺ ¤ÇÒÁÊÓàÃç¨áÅмŵͺÃѺ໚¹Í‹ҧ´Õã¹ Íա˹Ö觻‚µ‹ÍÁÒ䴌໠´µÑÇ Mac OS X 10.2 ËÃ×Í Jaguar (¨Ò¡ÑÇà ) ¡çä´Œ¡Óà¹Ô´¢Öé¹ ã¹à´×͹ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á »‚ 2002 â´ÂàÇÍà ªÑ¹ ¹Õéä´ŒÁÕ¡ÒûÃѺ»Ãا¤Ø³ÊÁºÑµÔËÅÒ »ÃСÒà ઋ¹ ÊÒÁÒöàª×èÍÁµ‹Íà¤Ã×Í¢‹Ò ¢Í§ Microsoft ä´Œ ¹ÓàʹÍâ»Ãá¡ÃÁ iChat ÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒÃẺÍ͹äŹ 㪌෤â¹âÅÂÕ Quartz Extreme ÊÒËÃѺ¡ÒÃáÊ´§¼Åº¹ ˹ŒÒ¨Í ÏÅÏ â´ÂàÇÍà ªÑè¹¹Õéä´ŒÊÌҧª×èÍàÊÕ§ãËŒ¡Ñº Mac OS X ໚¹Í‹ҧÁÒ¡
ã¹à´×͹µØÅÒ¤Á »‚ 2003 ·Ò§ Apple 䴌໠´µÑÇ Mac OS X 10.3 ËÃ×Í Panther «Öè§ä´Œ»ÃѺ»Ãاà¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ËÅÒÂÍ‹ҧ ઋ¹¡ÒùÓàÊ¹Í Expose ¡ÒûÃѺ»Ãا iChat ¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒÃẺàËç¹Ë¹ŒÒµÒ¡Ñ¹ä´Œ ÃÇÁ¶Ö§â»Ãá¡ÃÁ·‹Í§àÇçºÍ‹ҧ Safari ÏÅÏ áÅÐã¹à´×͹àÁÉÒ¹ »‚ 2005 à¨ŒÒ Mac OS X 10.4 ËÃ×Í Tiger (ä·à¡Íà ) ¡çä´Œ ¶×Í¡Óà¹Ô´¢Öé¹ÁÒâ´ÂÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö·Õèà¾ÔèÁ¢Ö鹡NjÒÃØ‹¹à´ÔÁËÅÒÂÍ‹ҧ äÁ‹Ç‹Ò¨Ð໚¹¡Òà ໠´µÑÇ ÃкºÍѵÔâ¹ÁѵÔÍ‹ҧ Automator »ÃѺ»Ãا iChat ÃÇÁ¶Ö§¡ÒÃà» ´µÑÇ VoiceOver ·ÕèÊÒÁÒöÍÍ¡àÊÕ§¢³Ð㪌§Ò¹ä´ÊÓËÃѺà´×͹¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹»‚ 2009 ·Ò§ Apple ¡ç䴌໠´µÑÇ Mac OS X ÃØ‹¹ãËÁ‹«Ö觡ç¤×Í Mac OS X 10.6 ËÃ×Í Mac OS X Snow Leopard â´ÂÁÕ¡ÒûÃѺ»Ãاã¹ËÅÒÂ洌ҹ ઋ¹ÃͧÃѺÃкº 64 ºÔµ·ÕèÊÁºÙó Ẻ¾Ñ²¹ÒãËŒÃͧÃѺÃкº Multicore ໚¹¡ÒÃÃͧÃѺ¡Òäӹdzã¹ËÅÒ«վÕÂپÌÍÁæ ¡Ñ¹ÊÒÁÒö·Ó§Ò¹Ã‹ÇÁ¡Ñº Microsoft Exchange Server µÅÍ´¨¹¹ÓàʹÍâ»Ãá¡ÃÁ QuickTime X ãËŒÊÒÁÒöàÅ‹¹ä¿Å ÁÑŵÔÁÔà´Õ·Ñ駷ÕèÍÂØ‹ã¹à¤Ã×èÍáÅÐàÅ‹¹¼‹Ò¹ÃкºÍ͹äŹ ä´Œ´ÕÂÔ觢Öé¹ á¹Ð¹Óâ»Ãá¡ÃÁ·‹Í§àÇçºÃØ‹¹ãËÁ‹Å‹ÒÊØ´Í‹ҧ Safari 4
“I THINK THE THINGS YOU REGRET MOST IN LIFE ARE THE THINGS YOU DIDN ’ T DO.”